Probiotic use has skyrocketed in recent years. Little is known, however, about patient knowledge and practices regarding probiotic use, especially in the context of antibiotic use. An invitation to complete a short, anonymous, electronic survey was sent by email to 965 patients at a tertiary medical centre in California who had agreed to be contacted for participation in research studies. Questions were asked about both probiotic and antibiotic use in the prior three months. Of 333 survey respondents, 55% had recently used probiotics, including food products and/or supplements (90 and 60% of probiotic users, respectively). Women were more likely than men to have used probiotics (odds ratio (OR): 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-3.4). Health care providers (HCP) had prescribed antibiotics to 79 (24%) respondents in the preceding three months. Among antibiotic users, 33% had initiated or changed probiotics at the time of antibiotic use, usually without a recommendation from their prescribing HCP (72%). Only 12% of those who took probiotics with antibiotics had received a specific recommendation from their HCP. Most patients chose to take probiotic mixtures (56%), with few selecting evidence-based strains, such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (11%). Regular probiotic use among patients is common. Typically, these probiotics are not recommended by a HCP, even in conjunction with antibiotic prescriptions. While a growing body of evidence supports specific probiotic strains for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, patients are often not receiving a specific recommendation from their HCP and appear to be taking strains without guidance from supporting evidence.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Aceti, A., Gori, D., Barone, G., Callegari, M.L., Di Mauro, A., Fantini, M.P., Indrio, F., Maggio, L., Meneghin, F., Morelli, L., Zuccotti, G. and Corvaglia, L., 2015. Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: systematic review and meta-analysis. Italian Journal of Pediatrics 41: 89.
'Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: systematic review and meta-analysis ' () 41 Italian Journal of Pediatrics : 89.
Ahmadi, E., Alizadeh-Navaei, R. and Rezai, M.S., 2015. Efficacy of probiotic use in acute rotavirus diarrhea in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine 6: 187-195.
'Efficacy of probiotic use in acute rotavirus diarrhea in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis ' () 6 Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine : 187 -195.
Al Faleh, K. and Anabrees, J., 2014. Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews: CD005496.
'Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants ', in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews , () CD005496.
Allen, S.J., Martinez, E.G. Gregorio, G.V. and Dans, L.F., 2010. Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 10(11): CD003048.
'Probiotics for treating acute infectious diarrhoea ' () 10 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews : CD003048.
Anonymous, 2009. SAS/STAT(R) 9.2 User’s guide, 2nd edition. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA
Armuzzi, A., Cremonini, F., Bartolozzi, F., Canducci, F., Candelli, M., Ojetti, V., Cammarota, G., Anti, M., De Lorenzo, A., Pola, P., Gasbarrini, G. and Gasbarrini, A., 2001. The effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus GG on antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal side-effects during Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 15: 163-169.
'The effect of oral administration of Lactobacillus GG on antibiotic-associated gastrointestinal side-effects during Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy ' () 15 Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 163 -169.
Barnes, P.M., Powell-Griner, E., McFann, K. and Nahin, R.L., 2004. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. Advance Data 343: 1-19.
'Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002 ' () 343 Advance Data : 1 -19.
Baucells, B.J., Mercadal Hally, M., Alvarez Sanchez, A.T. and Figueras Aloy, J., 2015. Probiotic associations in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis and the reduction of late-onset sepsis and neonatal mortality in preterm infants under 1,500g: a systematic review. Anales de Pediatría 85: 247-255.
'Probiotic associations in the prevention of necrotising enterocolitis and the reduction of late-onset sepsis and neonatal mortality in preterm infants under 1,500g: a systematic review ' () 85 Anales de Pediatría : 247 -255.
Bertakis, K.D., Azari, R., Helms, L.J., Callahan, E.J. and Robbins, J.A., 2000. Gender differences in the utilization of health care services. Journal of Family Practice 49: 147-152.
'Gender differences in the utilization of health care services ' () 49 Journal of Family Practice : 147 -152.
Carvalho, N.B.C., Da Costa, T.M.T., Ferreira, M.A.M., Simiqueli, A.A. and Minim, V.P.R., 2014. Consumer attitude regarding products containing probiotics. Ciencia Rural 44: 1319-1326.
'Consumer attitude regarding products containing probiotics ' () 44 Ciencia Rural : 1319 -1326.
Clarke, T.C., Black, L.I., Stussman, B.J., Barnes, P.M. and Nahin, R.L., 2015. Trends in the use of complementary health approaches among adults: United States, 2002-2012. National Health Statistics Reports 79: 1-16.
'Trends in the use of complementary health approaches among adults: United States, 2002-2012 ' () 79 National Health Statistics Reports : 1 -16.
Commane, D., Hughes, R., Shortt, C. and Rowland, I., 2005. The potential mechanisms involved in the anti-carcinogenic action of probiotics. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 591: 276-289.
'The potential mechanisms involved in the anti-carcinogenic action of probiotics ' () 591 Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis : 276 -289.
Didari, T., Mozaffari, S., Nikfar, S. and Abdollahi, M., 2015. Effectiveness of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: updated systematic review with meta-analysis. World Journal of Gastroenterology 21: 3072-3084.
'Effectiveness of probiotics in irritable bowel syndrome: updated systematic review with meta-analysis ' () 21 World Journal of Gastroenterology : 3072 -3084.
Dinleyici, E.C., Eren, M., Ozen, M., Yargic, Z.A. and Vandenplas, Y., 2012. Effectiveness and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute infectious diarrhea. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy 12: 395-410.
'Effectiveness and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute infectious diarrhea ' () 12 Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy : 395 -410.
Ehrhardt, S., Guo, N., Hinz, R., Schoppen, S., May, J., Reiser, M., Schroeder, M.P., Schmiedel, S., Keuchel, M., Reisinger, E.C., Langeheinecke, A., De Weerth, A., Schuchmann, M., Schaberg, T., Ligges, S., Eveslage, M., Hagen, R.M., Burchard, G.D. and Lohse, A.W., 2016. Saccharomyces boulardii to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 3: ofw011.
'Saccharomyces boulardii to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial ' () 3 Open Forum Infectious Diseases : ofw011.
Eisenberg, D.M., Davis, R.B., Ettner, S.L., Appel, S., Wilkey, S., Van Rompay, M. and Kessler, R.C., 1998. Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: results of a follow-up national survey. JAMA 280: 1569-1575.
'Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States, 1990-1997: results of a follow-up national survey ' () 280 JAMA : 1569 -1575.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), 2001. Evaluation of health and nutritional properties of powder milk and live lactic acid bacteria. Available at: http://tinyurl.com/8bccc3r.
Feizizadeh, S., Salehi-Abargouei, A. and Akbari, V., 2014. Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute diarrhea. Pediatrics 134: e176-191.
'Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute diarrhea ' () 134 Pediatrics : e176 -191.
Goldenberg, J.Z., Lytvyn, L., Steurich, J., Parkin, P., Mahant, S. and Johnston, B.C., 2015. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 12: CD004827.
'Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea ' () 12 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews : CD004827.
Gong, Y., Li, Y. and Sun, Q., 2015. Probiotics improve efficacy and tolerability of triple therapy to eradicate Helicobacter pylori: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 8: 6530-6543.
'Probiotics improve efficacy and tolerability of triple therapy to eradicate Helicobacter pylori: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials ' () 8 International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine : 6530 -6543.
Hao, Q., Dong, B.R. and Wu, T., 2015. Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 9: CD006895.
'Probiotics for preventing acute upper respiratory tract infections ' () 9 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews : CD006895.
Hauser, G., Salkic, N., Vukelic, K., JajacKnez, A. and Stimac, D., 2015. Probiotics for standard triple Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Medicine 94: e685.
'Probiotics for standard triple Helicobacter pylori eradication: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial ' () 94 Medicine : e685.
Hicks, L.A., Taylor, T.H. and Hunkler, R.J., 2013. U.S. outpatient antibiotic prescribing, 2010. New England Journal of Medicine 368: 1461-1462.
'U.S. outpatient antibiotic prescribing, 2010 ' () 368 New England Journal of Medicine : 1461 -1462.
Holubar, S.D., Cima, R.R., Sandborn, W.J. and Pardi, D.S., 2010. Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 6: CD001176.
'Treatment and prevention of pouchitis after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis ' () 6 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews : CD001176.
Hu, Y., Tao, L. and Lyu, B., 2015. A meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi. Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine 54: 445-451.
'A meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome ' () 54 Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine : 445 -451.
Jirapinyo, P., Densupsoontorn, N., Thamonsiri, N. and Wongarn, R., 2002. Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants by probiotics. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand 85, Suppl. 2: S739-742.
'Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in infants by probiotics ' () 2 Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand : S739 -S742.
Johnston, B.C., Goldenberg, J.Z., Vandvik, P.O., Sun, X. and Guyatt, G.H., 2011. Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2: CD004827.
'Probiotics for the prevention of pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea ' () 2 Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews : CD004827.
Kale-Pradhan, P.B., Jassal, H.K. and Wilhelm, S.M., 2010. Role of Lactobacillus in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a meta-analysis. Pharmacotherapy 30: 119-126.
'Role of Lactobacillus in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea: a meta-analysis ' () 30 Pharmacotherapy : 119 -126.
Kennedy, J., Wang, C.C. and Wu, C.H., 2008. Patient disclosure about herb and supplement use among adults in the US. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 5: 451-456.
'Patient disclosure about herb and supplement use among adults in the US ' () 5 Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : 451 -456.
Kotowska, M., Albrecht, P. and Szajewska, H., 2005. Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 21: 583-590.
'Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial ' () 21 Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 583 -590.
Li, S., Huang, X.L., Sui, J.Z., Chen, S.Y., Xie, Y.T., Deng, Y., Wang, J., Xie, L., Li, T.J., He, Y., Peng, Q.L., Qin, X. and Zeng, Z.Y., 2014. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in children. European Journal of Pediatrics 173: 153-161.
'Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in children ' () 173 European Journal of Pediatrics : 153 -161.
Mehta, D.H., Gardiner, P.M., Phillips, R.S. and McCarthy, E.P., 2008. Herbal and dietary supplement disclosure to health care providers by individuals with chronic conditions. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 14: 1263-1269.
'Herbal and dietary supplement disclosure to health care providers by individuals with chronic conditions ' () 14 Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine : 1263 -1269.
Ng, S.C., Hart, A.L., Kamm, M.A., Stagg, A.J. and Knight, S.C., 2009. Mechanisms of action of probiotics: recent advances. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 15: 300-310.
'Mechanisms of action of probiotics: recent advances ' () 15 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases : 300 -310.
Ni, H., Simile, C. and Hardy, A.M., 2002. Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine by United States adults: results from the 1999 national health interview survey. Medical Care 40: 353-358.
'Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine by United States adults: results from the 1999 national health interview survey ' () 40 Medical Care : 353 -358.
Pattani, R., Palda, V.A., Hwang, S.W. and Shah, P.S., 2013. Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infection among hospitalized patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Medicine 7: e56-67.
'Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infection among hospitalized patients: systematic review and meta-analysis ' () 7 Open Medicine : e56 -67.
Ruszczynski, M., Radzikowski, A. and Szajewska, H., 2008. Clinical trial: effectiveness of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (strains E/N, Oxy and Pen) in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 28: 154-161.
'Clinical trial: effectiveness of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (strains E/N, Oxy and Pen) in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children ' () 28 Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 154 -161.
Sang, L.X., Chang, B., Zhang, W.L., Wu, X.M., Li, X.H. and Jiang, M., 2010. Remission induction and maintenance effect of probiotics on ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. World Journal of Gastroenterology 16: 1908-1915.
'Remission induction and maintenance effect of probiotics on ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis ' () 16 World Journal of Gastroenterology : 1908 -1915.
Schultz, M., Baranchi, A., Thurston, L., Yu, Y.C., Wang, L., Chen, J., Sapsford, M., Chung, J., Binsadiq, M., Craig, L., Wilkins, B., McBride, D. and Herbison, P., 2011. Consumer demographics and expectations of probiotic therapy in New Zealand: results of a large telephone survey. New Zealand Medical Journal 124: 36-43.
'Consumer demographics and expectations of probiotic therapy in New Zealand: results of a large telephone survey ' () 124 New Zealand Medical Journal : 36 -43.
Seki, H., Shiohara, M., Matsumura, T., Miyagawa, N., Tanaka, M., Komiyama, A. and Kurata, S., 2003. Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children by Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI. Pediatrics International 45: 86-90.
'Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children by Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI ' () 45 Pediatrics International : 86 -90.
Szajewska, H. and Kolodziej, M., 2015a. Systematic review with meta-analysis: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children and adults. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 42: 1149-1157.
'Systematic review with meta-analysis: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in children and adults ' () 42 Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 1149 -1157.
Szajewska, H. and Kolodziej, M., 2015b. Systematic review with meta-analysis: Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 42: 793-801.
'Systematic review with meta-analysis: Saccharomyces boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea ' () 42 Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 793 -801.
Vanderhoof, J.A., Whitney, D.B., Antonson, D.L., Hanner, T.L., Lupo, J.V. and Young, R.J., 1999. Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children. Journal of Pediatrics 135: 564-568.
'Lactobacillus GG in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children ' () 135 Journal of Pediatrics : 564 -568.
Viana, J.V., Da Cruz, A.G., Zoellner, S.S., Silva, R. and Batista, A.L.D., 2008. Probiotic foods: consumer perception and attitudes. International Journal of Food Science and Technology 43: 1577-1580.
'Probiotic foods: consumer perception and attitudes ' () 43 International Journal of Food Science and Technology : 1577 -1580.
Videlock, E.J. and Cremonini, F., 2012. Meta-analysis: probiotics in antibiotic-associated diarrhoea. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 35: 1355-1369.
'Meta-analysis: probiotics in antibiotic-associated diarrhoea ' () 35 Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 1355 -1369.
Wenus, C., Goll, R., Loken, E.B., Biong, A.S., Halvorsen, D.S. and Florholmen, J., 2008. Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea by a fermented probiotic milk drink. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 62: 299-301.
'Prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea by a fermented probiotic milk drink ' () 62 European Journal of Clinical Nutrition : 299 -301.
Whelan, K. and Quigley, E.M., 2013. Probiotics in the management of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 29: 184-189.
'Probiotics in the management of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease ' () 29 Current Opinion in Gastroenterology : 184 -189.
Wong, J.M., De Souza, R., Kendall, C.W., Emam, A. and Jenkins, D.J., 2006. Colonic health: fermentation and short chain fatty acids. Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 40: 235-243.
'Colonic health: fermentation and short chain fatty acids ' () 40 Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology : 235 -243.
Zhu, R., Chen, K., Zheng, Y.Y., Zhang, H.W., Wang, J.S., Xia, Y.J., Dai, W.Q., Wang, F., Shen, M., Cheng, P., Zhang, Y., Wang, C.F., Yang, J., Li, J.J., Lu, J., Zhou, Y.Q. and Guo, C.Y., 2014. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. World Journal of Gastroenterology 20: 18013-18021.
'Meta-analysis of the efficacy of probiotics in Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy ' () 20 World Journal of Gastroenterology : 18013 -18021.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 639 | 246 | 33 |
| Full Text Views | 54 | 19 | 2 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 15 | 3 | 3 |
Probiotic use has skyrocketed in recent years. Little is known, however, about patient knowledge and practices regarding probiotic use, especially in the context of antibiotic use. An invitation to complete a short, anonymous, electronic survey was sent by email to 965 patients at a tertiary medical centre in California who had agreed to be contacted for participation in research studies. Questions were asked about both probiotic and antibiotic use in the prior three months. Of 333 survey respondents, 55% had recently used probiotics, including food products and/or supplements (90 and 60% of probiotic users, respectively). Women were more likely than men to have used probiotics (odds ratio (OR): 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-3.4). Health care providers (HCP) had prescribed antibiotics to 79 (24%) respondents in the preceding three months. Among antibiotic users, 33% had initiated or changed probiotics at the time of antibiotic use, usually without a recommendation from their prescribing HCP (72%). Only 12% of those who took probiotics with antibiotics had received a specific recommendation from their HCP. Most patients chose to take probiotic mixtures (56%), with few selecting evidence-based strains, such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (11%). Regular probiotic use among patients is common. Typically, these probiotics are not recommended by a HCP, even in conjunction with antibiotic prescriptions. While a growing body of evidence supports specific probiotic strains for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, patients are often not receiving a specific recommendation from their HCP and appear to be taking strains without guidance from supporting evidence.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 639 | 246 | 33 |
| Full Text Views | 54 | 19 | 2 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 15 | 3 | 3 |