Finfish and fish products are globally the most acknowledged health-promoting foods. The rising incidence of pathogenic and disease outbreaks have had a sizeable impact on aquaculture. Microbial supplementation of food in the form of probiotics, prebiotics, and their controlled release combinations (=co-encapsulations) as âsynbioticsâ is noted for its significant biotherapeutic and health benefits. Supplementation of probiotic microbial feed additives in the fish diet claims to improve fish health by modulation of resident intestinal microbiota and by introducing healthy microbiota procured from an exogenous source, capable of combating pathogens, improving nutrient uptake, assimilation, growth as well as survival. Prebiotics are selectively digestible substrates beneficially used by host gut microbes to enhance probiotic effects. Formulating a fish diet with augmented probiotics and prebiotic microbial bio-supplements can ensure a sustainable alternative for establishing fish health in a naturally susceptible aquaculture scenario. Micro-encapsulation, co-encapsulation, and nano-encapsulation are novel strategies of biotechnical interventions in functional feeds for finfish. These aim to improve probiotic persistence, survivability, and efficacy in commercial formulations during probiotic transit through the host-gut environment. This review discusses the importance of co-treatment and encapsulation strategies for improving probiotic and prebiotic potential in aquafeed formulations, reliably improving finfish health and nutritional returns from aquaculture, and, consequently, for consumers.
Purchase
Buy instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Institutional Login
Log in with Open Athens, Shibboleth, or your institutional credentials
Personal login
Log in with your brill.com account
Aftabgard, M., Salarzadeh, A. and Mohseni, M., 2019a. The effects of a synbiotic mixture of galacto-oligosaccharides and bacillus strains in Caspian salmon, Salmo trutta caspius fingerlings. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 11: 1300-1308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-018-9498-4
Aftabgard, M., Salarzadeh, A., Mohseni, M., Shabanipour, A.H.B. and Zorriehzahra, M.E.J., 2019b. The combined efficiency of dietary isomaltooligosaccharides and Bacillus spp. on the growth, hematoserological, and intestinal microbiota indices of Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius Kessler, 1877). Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 11: 198-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-017-9361-z
Afzaal, M., Saeed, F., Saeed, M., Azam, M., Hussain, S., Mohamed, A.A., Alamri, M.S. and Anjum, F.M., 2020. Survival and stability of free and encapsulated probiotic bacteria under simulated gastrointestinal and thermal conditions. International Journal of Food Properties 23: 1899-1912. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2020.1826513
Agung, L.A., Widanarni and Yuhana, M., 2015. Application of micro-encapsulated probiotic bacillus NP5 and prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) to prevent streptococcosis on tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Research Journal of Microbiology 10: 571-581. https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=jm.2015.571.581
Amir, I., Zuberi, A., Kamran, M., Imran, M. and Murtaza, M.H., 2019. Evaluation of commercial application of dietary encapsulated probiotic (Geotrichum candidum QAUGC01): Effect on growth and immunological indices of rohu (Labeo rohita, Hamilton 1822) in semi-intensive culture system. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 95: 464-472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.011
Assadpour, E. and Jafari, S.M., 2019. An overview of biopolymer nanostructures for encapsulation of food ingredients. In: Jafari, S.M. (ed.) Nanoencapsulation in the food industry biopolymer nanostructures for food encapsulation purposes (Vol. 1), Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK, pp. 1-35.
'An overview of biopolymer nanostructures for encapsulation of food ingredients ', () 1 -35.
Azevedo, R.V., Filho, J.C.F., Cardoso, L.D., Mattos, D.C., Vidal Júnior, M.V and Andrade, D.R., 2015. Economic evaluation of prebiotics, probiotics and symbiotics in juvenile Nile tilapia. Revista Ciência Agronômica 46: 72-79. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-66902015000100009
Azevedo, R.V., Filho, J.C.F., Pereira, S.L., Cardoso, L.D., Andrade, D.R. and Vidal Júnior, M.V., 2016. Dietary mannan oligosaccharide and Bacillus subtilis in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences 38: 347-353. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v38i4.31360
Binda, S., Hill, C., Johansen, E., Obis, D., Pot, B., Sanders, M.E., Tremblay, A. and Ouwehand, A.C., 2020. Criteria to qualify microorganisms as âprobioticâ in foods and dietary supplements. Frontiers in Microbiology 11: 662. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01662
Bindels, L.B., Delzenne, N.M., Cani, P.D. and Walter, J., 2015. Towards a more comprehensive concept for prebiotics. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology 12: 303-310. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2015.47
Boonanuntanasarn, S., Ditthab, K., Jangprai, A. and Nakharuthai, C., 2019. Effects of microencapsulated saccharomyces cerevisiae on growth, hematological indices, blood chemical, and immune parameters and intestinal morphology in striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 11: 427-437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-018-9404-0
Burgain, J., Gaiani, C., Linder, M. and Scher, J., 2011. Encapsulation of probiotic living cells: From laboratory scale to industrial applications. Journal of Food Engineering 104: 467-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.12.031
Cabello, F.C., 2006. Heavy use of prophylactic antibiotics in aquaculture: a growing problem for human and animal health and for the environment. Environmental Microbiology 8: 1137-1144. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2006.01054.x
Carnevali, O., Zamponi, M.C., Sulpizio, R., Rollo, A., Nardi, M., Orpianesi, C., Silvi, S., Caggiano, M., Polzonetti, A.M. and Cresci, A., 2004. Administration of probiotic strain to improve sea bream wellness during development. Aquaculture International 12: 377-386. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:aqui.0000042141.85977.bb
Castro-Lopez, C., GarcÃa, H.S., MartÃnez-Avila, G.C.G., Gonzalez-Cordova, A.F., Vallejo-Cordoba, B. and Hernandez-Mendoza, A., 2021. Genomics-based approaches to identify and predict the health-promoting and safety activities of promising probiotic strains â A probiogenomics review. Trends in Food Science and Technology 108: 148-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.017
Chen, M., Wu, Y., Yan, Q., Zhao, J., Feng, L., He, M. and Lv, Z., 2019. Effects of dietary konjac oligosaccharide supplementation on serum immune parameters and intestinal immunity of Schizothorax prenanti. Fisheries Science 85: 157-165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-018-1252-z
Chen, X., Yi, H., Liu, S., Zhang, Y., Su, Y., Liu, X., Bi, S., Lai, H., Zeng, Z. and Li, G., 2021. Probiotics improve eating disorders in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) induced by a pellet feed diet via stimulating immunity and regulating gut microbiota. Microorganisms 9: 1288. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9061288
Chopde, S., Datir, R., Deshmukh, G., Dhotre, A. and Patil, M., 2020. Nanoparticle formation by nanospray drying & its application in nanoencapsulation of food bioactive ingredients. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 2: 100085. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jafr.2020.100085
Cuomo, M., Borrelli, L., Della Monica, R., Coretti, L., De Riso, G., DâAngelo Lancellotti di Durazzo, L., Fioretti, A., Lembo, F., Dinan, T. G., Cryan, J. F., Cocozza, S. and Chiariotti, L., 2021. DNA methylation profiles of Tph1A and BDNF in gut and brain of L. rhamnosus-treated zebrafish. Biomolecules 11: 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020142
DâAlvise, P.W., Lillebø, S., Prol-Garcia, M.J., Wergeland, H.I.,Nielsen, K.F., Bergh, Ã. and Gram, L., 2012. Phaeobacter gallaeciensis reduces Vibrio anguillarum in cultures of microalgae and rotifers, and prevents vibriosis in cod larvae. PLoS One 7: e43996. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043996
Das, P., Mandal, S., Khan, A., Manna, S.K. and Ghosh, K., 2014. Distribution of extracellular enzyme-producing bacteria in the digestive tracts of 4 brackish water fish species. Turkish Journal of Zoology 38: 79-88. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1205-3
Das, S., Mondal, K., Pal, A.K. and Sengupta, C., 2021. Evaluation of the probiotic potential of Streptomyces antibioticus and Bacillus cereus on growth performance of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Aquaculture Reports 20: 100752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100752
De Bruijn, I., Li, Y., Wiegertjes, G.F. and Raaijmakers, J.M., 2017. Exploring fish microbial communities to mitigate emerging diseases in aquaculture. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 94: fix161. https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fix161
Desai, K.G.H and Park, H.J., 2005. Recent developments in microencapsulation of food ingredients. Drying Technology 23: 1361-1394. https://doi.org/10.1081/drt-200063478
Détrée, C. and Gonçalves, A.T., 2019. Transcriptome mining of apoptotic mechanisms in response to density and functional diets in Oncorhynchus mykiss and role in homeostatic regulation. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part D 31: 100595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2019.100595
Devi, G., Harikrishnan, R., Paray, B.A., Al-Sadoon, M.K., Hoseinifar, S.H. and Balasundaram, C., 2019. Effect of symbiotic supplemented diet on innate-adaptive immune response, cytokine gene regulation and antioxidant property in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 89: 687-700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.036
Dey, A., Ghosh, K. and Hazra, N., 2016. Evaluation of preference of dry feed, bio-encapsulated and non-bio-encapsulated live feed and survival of the walking catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.) juveniles. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 4: 545-549.
'Evaluation of preference of dry feed, bio-encapsulated and non-bio-encapsulated live feed and survival of the walking catfish, Clarias batrachus (L.) juveniles ' () 4 International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies : 545 -549.
Di, J., Chu, Z., Zhang, S., Huang, J., Du, H. and Wei, Q., 2019. Evaluation of the potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis isolated from two ancient sturgeons on growth performance, serum immunity and disease resistance of Acipenser dabryanus. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 93: 711-719. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.020
Djaenudin, Saepudin, E. and Nasir, M., 2021. The effect of alginate, chitosan, and nano chitin as encapsulation materials of L. casei probiotic bacteria. Asian Journal of Applied Sciences 9: 214-224. https://doi.org/10.24203/ajas.v9i3.6636
Djauhari, R., Widanarni, W., Sukenda, S., Suprayudi, M.A. and Zairin, M., 2017. Application of microencapsulated synbiotic to improve the growth performance and health status of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) cultured in the ponds. Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology14: 43-47.
'Application of microencapsulated synbiotic to improve the growth performance and health status of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) cultured in the ponds ' () 14 Pakistan Journal of : 43 -47.
Dutta, D., Banerjee, S., Mukherjee, A. and Ghosh, K., 2018. Potential gut adherent probiotic bacteria isolated from rohu, Labeo rohita (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae): Characterisation, exoenzyme production, pathogen inhibition, cell surface hydrophobicity, and bio-film formation. Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 48: 221-233. https://doi.org/10.3750/aiep/02251
El-Ezabi, M.M., El-Serafy, S.S., Essa, M.A., Lall, S., Daboor, S.M. and Esmael, N.A., 2011. The viability of probiotics as a factor influencing the immune response in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 15: 105-124. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejabf.2011.2081
El-Sayed A.-F.M., 2020. Technological innovations. In: El-Sayed A.-F.M. (ed.) Tilapia culture (2nd ed.), Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK, pp. 297-328. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-816509-6.00013-6
Erginkaya, Z., Konuray, G., Harmanci, M., Koc, G. and Mete, N., 2019. Antibacterial effects of microencapsulated probiotic and synbiotics. Cukurova Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences 34: 27-36.
'Antibacterial effects of microencapsulated probiotic and synbiotics ' () 34 Cukurova Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences : 27 -36.
Faramarzi, M., Jafaryan, H., Patimar, R., Iranshahi, F., Lashkar, B.M., Farahi, A., Kiaalvandi, S., Ghamsary, M. and Makhtoumi N.M., 2011. The effect of different concentration of probiotic Bacillus spp. and different bioencapsulation times on growth performance and survival rate of Persian sturgeon (Acipencer persicus) larvae. World Journal of Fish and Marine Science 3: 145-150.
'The effect of different concentration of probiotic Bacillus spp. and different bioencapsulation times on growth performance and survival rate of Persian sturgeon (Acipencer persicus) larvae ' () 3 World Journal of Fish and Marine Science : 145 -150.
Faramarzi, M., Jafaryan, H., Roozbehfar, R., Jafari, M., Rashidi, Y. and Biria, M., 2012. Influences of probiotic Bacilli via bioencapsulated Daphnia magna on resistance of Persian sturgeon larvae against challenge tests. Global Veterinaria 8: 421-425.
'Influences of probiotic Bacilli via bioencapsulated Daphnia magna on resistance of Persian sturgeon larvae against challenge tests ' () 8 Global Veterinaria : 421 -425.
Fjellheim, A.J., Klinkenberg, G., Skjermo, J., Aasen, I.M. and Vadstein, O., 2010. Selection of candidate probionts by two different screening strategies from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) larvae. Veterinary Microbiology 144: 153-159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.12.032
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2020. The state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020. Sustainability in action. Rome. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9229en
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), 2001. Joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on evaluation of health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria. Available at: https://www.fao.org/3/a0512e/a0512e.pdf.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and World Health Organization (FAO/WHO), 2002. Guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. Available at: https://www.fao.org/3/a0512e/a0512e.pdf.
Foysal, M.J., Alam, M., Kawser, A.R., Hasan, F., Rahman, M.M., Tay, C.Y., Prodhan, M.H. and Gupta, S., 2020. Meta-omics technologies reveals beneficiary effects of Lactobacillus plantarum as dietary supplements on gut microbiota, immune response and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture 520: 734974. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.734974
Fuller, R., 1989. Probiotics in man and animals. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 66: 365-378.
'Probiotics in man and animals ' () 66 Journal of Applied Bacteriology : 365 -378.
Geraylou, Z., Souffreau, C., Rurangwa, E., Maes, G.E., Spanier, K.I., Courtin, C.M., Delcour, J.A., Buyse, J. and Ollevier, F., 2013a. Prebiotic effects of arabinoxylan oligosaccharides on juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) with emphasis on the modulation of the gut microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 86: 357-371. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12169
Geraylou, Z., Souffreau, C., Rurangwa, E., Meester, L.D., Courtin, C.M., Delcour, J.A., Buyse, J. and Ollevier, F., 2013b. Effects of dietary arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and endogenous probiotics on the growth performance, non-specific immunity and gut microbiota of juvenile Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). Fish and Shellfish Immunology 35: 766-775. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2013.06.014
Ghanbari, M., Kneifel, W. and Domig, K.J., 2015. A new view of the fish gut microbiome: Advances from next-generation sequencing. Aquaculture 448: 464-475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.06.033
Gholipour, M., Soltanian, S., Akhlaghi, M., Alishahi, M., Mirbakhsh, M. and Gheysari, H., 2020. The effect of encapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum with alginate/chitosan nano particles on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities in Asian sea bass (Lates cacalifer). Journal of Animal Environment 12: 197-206. https://doi.org/10.22034/aej.2020.114800
Gibson, G.R., Hutkins, R., Sanders, M.E., Prescott, S.L., Reimer, R.A., Salminen, S.J., Scott, K., Stanton, C., Swanson, K.S., Cani, P.D., Verbeke, K. and Reid, G., 2017. The international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics, expert consensus document. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology 14: 491-502. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75
Gibson, G.R., Scott, K.P., Rastall, R.A., Tuohy, K.M., Hotchkiss, A., Dubert-Ferrandon, A., Gareau, M., Murphy, E.F., Saulnier, D., Loh, G., Macfarlane, S., Delzenne, N., Ringel, Y., Kozianowski, G., Dickmann, R., Lenoir-Wijnkoop, I., Walker, C. and Buddington, R., 2010. Prebiotics: current status and new definition. IFIS Functional Foods Bulletin 7: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1616/1476-2137.15880
Givens, C.E., Ransom, B., Bano, N. and Hollibaugh, J.T., 2015. Comparison of the gut microbiomes of 12 bony fish and 3 shark species. Marine Ecology Progress Series 518: 209-223. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11034
Gomez-Guillen, M.C. and Montero, M.P., 2021. Enhancement of oral bioavailability of natural compounds and probiotics by mucoadhesive tailored biopolymer-based nanoparticles: a review. Food Hydrocolloids 118: 106772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106772
Grice, E.A. and Segre, J.A., 2012. The human microbiome: our second genome. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics 13: 151-170. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genom-090711-163814
Guerreiro, I., Serra, C.R., Oliva-Teles, A. and Enes, P., 2018. Gut microbiota of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is modulated by short-chain fructooligosaccharides and xylooligosaccharides. Aquaculture International 26: 279-288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-017-0220-4
Gupta, S., Bhathena, Z.P., Kumar, S., Nuzaiba, P.M., Srivastava, P.P., Gupta, S. and Jadhao, S.B., 2020. Comparative efficacy of mannan-oligosaccharides from two yeast species fed alone or in combination with probiotic Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 to catla (Catla catla) juveniles. Aquaculture International 28: 691-710. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-019-00488-x
Gupta, S., Lokesh, J., Abdelhafiz, Y., Siriyappagouder, P., Pierre, R., Sørensen, M., Fernandes, J.M.O. and Kiron, V., 2019. Macroalgaderived alginate oligosaccharide alters intestinal bacteria of Atlantic Salmon. Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 2037. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02037
Hansen, B. W., 2017. Advances using copepods in aquaculture. Journal of Plankton Research, 39: 972-974. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbx057.
Hartono, D.P. and Barades, E., 2022. Effectiveness of using commercial probiotics in biofloc system culture media on growth, FCR, and feed efficiency of catfish (Clarias gariepinus). In: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2022, p. 1012, 012019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1012/1/012019
Hashem, N.M., Hosny, N.S., El-Desoky, N.I. and Shehata, M.G., 2021. Effect of nanoencapsulated alginate-synbiotic on gut microflora balance, immunity, and growth performance of growing rabbits. Polymers 13: 4191. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234191
Hennersdorf, P., Kleinertz, S., Theisen, S., Abdul-Aziz, M.A., Mrotzek, G., Palm, H.W. and Saluz, H.P., 2016. Microbial diversity and parasitic load in tropical fish of different environmental conditions. PLoS ONE 11: e0151594. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151594
Hooshyar, Y., Kenari, A.A., Paknejad, H. and Gandomi, H., 2020. Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 7469 on different parameters related to health status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the protection against Yersinia ruckeri. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 12: 1370-1384. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-020-09645-8
Hoseinifar, S.H., Doan, H.V. and Ashouri, G., 2019. Galactooligosaccharide effects as prebiotic on intestinal microbiota of different fish species. RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 14: 266-278. https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2019-14-3-266-278
Hoseinifar, S.H., Soleimani, N. and Ringø, E., 2014. Effects of dietary fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation on the growth performance, haemato-immunological parameters, gut microbiota and stress resistance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fry. British Journal of Nutrition 112: 1296-1302. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114514002037
Hu, C., Liu, M., Tang, L., Liu, H., Sun, B. and Chen, L., 2021. Probiotic intervention mitigates the metabolic disturbances of perfluorobutanesulfonate along the gut-liver axis of zebrafish. Chemosphere 284: 131374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131374
Jafaryan, H. and Soltani, M., 2012. Effects of bioencapsulated Daphnia magna with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the growth and feeding performance of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) larvae. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 6: 13-18. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijvm.2012.24619
Jafaryan, H., Mehdi, T.M. and Mohammad, M.N., 2010. The effects of probiotic Bacillus for promotion of growth and feeding parameters in beluga (Huso huso) larvae via feeding by bioencapsulated Artemia. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation 3: 273-280.
'The effects of probiotic Bacillus for promotion of growth and feeding parameters in beluga (Huso huso) larvae via feeding by bioencapsulated Artemia ' () 3 Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation : 273 -280.
Jahangiri, L. and Esteban, M.A., 2018. Administration of probiotics in the water in finfish aquaculture systems: a review. Fishes 3: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030033
Jami, M.J., Kenari, A.A., Paknejad, H. and Mohseni, M., 2019. Effects of dietary β-glucan, mannan oligosaccharide, Lactobacillus plantarum and their combinations on growth performance, immunity and immune related gene expression of Caspian trout, Salmo trutta caspius (Kessler, 1877). Fish and Shellfish Immunology 91: 202-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.024
Jiang, N., Kumar, G.D., Chen, J., Mishra, A. and Solval, K.M., 2020. Comparison of concurrent and mixed-flow spray drying on viability, growth kinetics and biofilm formation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG microencapsulated with fish gelatin and maltodextrin. LWT â Food Science and Technology 124: 109200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109200
Kailasapathy, K., 2002. Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria: technology and potential applications. Current Issues in Intestinal Microbiology 3: 39-48.
'Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria: technology and potential applications ' () 3 Current Issues in Intestinal Microbiology : 39 -48.
Kaktcham, P.M., Temgoua, J.-B., Zambou, F.N., Diaz-Ruiz, G., Wacher, C. and Pérez-Chabela, M.L., 2018. In vitro evaluation of the probiotic and safety properties of bacteriocinogenic and nonbacteriocinogenic lactic acid bacteria from the intestines of Nile tilapia and common carp for their use as probiotics in aquaculture. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 10: 98-109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-017-9312-8
Klakegg, Ã., Salonius, K., Nilsen, A., Fulberth, M. and Sørum, H., 2020. Enhanced growth and decreased mortality in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after probiotic bath. Journal of Applied Microbiology 129: 146-160. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.14649
Kolkovski, S., 2001. Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles â Implications and applications to formulated diets. Aquaculture 200: 181-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(01)00700-1
Krasaekoopt, W., Bhandari, B. and Deeth, H., 2004. The influence of coating materials on some properties of alginate beads and survivability of microencapsulated probiotic bacteria. International Dairy Journal 14: 737-743. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idairyj.2004.01.004
Kuebutornye, F.K.A., Tang, J., Cai, J., Yu, H., Wang, Z., Abarikeg, E.D., Lu, Y., Li, Y. and Afriyie G., 2020. In vivo assessment of the probiotic potentials of three host-associated Bacillus species on growth performance, health status and disease resistance of Oreochromis niloticus against Streptococcus agalactiae. Aquaculture 527: 735440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735440
Kumaree, K.K., Akbar, A. and Anal, A.K., 2015. Bioencapsulation and application of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from catfish gut as an antimicrobial agent and additive in fish feed pellets. Annals of Microbiology 65: 1439-1445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-014-0982-0
LaPatra, S.E., Fehringer, T.R. and Cain, K.D., 2014. A probiotic Enterobacter sp. provides significant protection against Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after injection by two different routes. Aquaculture 433: 361-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.06.022
Larsen, A.M., Mohammed, H.H. and Arias, C.R., 2014. Characterization of the gut microbiota of three commercially valuable warmwater fish species. Journal of Applied Microbiology 116,1396-1404. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.12475
Lazado, C.C., Caipang, C.M.A. and Estante, E.G. 2015. Prospects of host-associated microorganisms in fish and penaeids as probiotics with immunomodulatory functions. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 45: 2-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.02.023
Lilly, D.M. and Stillwell, R.H., 1965. Probiotics: Growth promoting factors produced by micro-organisms. Science 147: 747-748. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.147.3659.747
Lin, S.-M., Jiang, Y., Chen, Y.-J., Luo, L., Doolgindachbaporn, S. and Yuangsoi, B., 2017. Effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) and chitooligosaccharides (COS) on growth, immune response and disease resistance of juvenile largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 70: 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2017.08.035
Liu, M., Song, S., Hu, C., Tang, L., Lam, J.C.W., Lam, P.K.S. and Chen, L., 2020a. Dietary administration of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus modulates the neurological toxicities of perfluorobutanesulfonate in zebrafish. Environmental Pollution Part B 265: 114832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114832
Liu, S., Wang, S., Cai, Y., Li, E., Ren, Z., Wu, Y., Guo, W., Sun, Y. and Zhou, Y., 2020b. Beneficial effects of a host gut-derived probiotic, Bacillus pumilus, on the growth, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of juvenile golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. Aquaculture 514: 734446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734446
Liu, S., Wang, S., Cai, Y., Li, E., Ren, Z., Wu, Y., Guo, W., Sun, Y. and Zhou, Y., 2020. Beneficial effects of a host gut-derived probiotic, Bacillus pumilus, on the growth, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of juvenile golden pompano, Trachinotus ovatus. Aquaculture 514: 734446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734446
Lobo, C., Tapia-Paniagua, S., Moreno-Ventas, X., Alarcón, F.J., RodrÃguez, C., Balebona, M.C., Moriñigo, M.A. and Banda, I.G.L., 2014. Benefits of probiotic administration on growth and performance along metamorphosis and weaning of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis). Aquaculture 433: 183-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.06.011
Lu, H., Zhang, S., Wang, J. and Chen, Q., 2021. A review on polymer and lipid-based nanocarriers and its application to nano-pharmaceutical and food-based systems. Frontiers in Nutrition 8: 783831. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.783831
Madreseh, S., Ghaisari, H.R. and Hosseinzadeh, S., 2019. Effect of lyophilized, encapsulated Lactobacillus fermentum and lactulose feeding on growth performance, heavy metals, and trace element residues in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 11: 1257-1263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-018-9487-7
McClements, D.J., 2015. Nanoscale nutrient delivery systems for food applications: improving bioactive dispersibility, stability, and bioavailability. Journal Of Food Science 80: N1602-1611. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12919
McDonald, R., Schreier, H.J. and Watts, J.E.M., 2012. Phylogenetic analysis of microbial communities in different regions of the gastrointestinal tract in Panaque nigrolineatus, a wood-eating fish. PLoS One 7: e0048018. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0048018
Mo, W.Y., Cheng, Z., Choi, W.M., Lun, C.H.I., Man, Y.B., Wong, J.T.F., Chen, X.W., Lau, S.C.K. and Wong, M.H., 2015. Use of food waste as fish feeds: effects of prebiotic fibers (inulin and mannanoligosaccharide) on growth and non-specific immunity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22: 17663-17671. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4971-z
Mohammadian, T., Alishahi, M., Tabandeh, M.R., Nejad, A.J., Karami, E. and Zarea, M., 2019a. Effects of autochthonous probiotics, isolated from Tor grypus (Karaman, 1971) intestine and Lactobacillus casei (PTCC 1608) on expression of immune-related genes. Aquaculture International 27: 239-260. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-018-0320-9
Mohammadian, T., Dezfuly, Z.T., Motlagh, R.G., Jangaran-Nejad, A., Hosseini, S.S., Khaj, H. and Alijani, N., 2020. Effect of encapsulated Lactobacillus bulgaricus on innate immune system and hematological parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), post-administration of Pb. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 12: 375-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-019-09544-7
Mohammadian, T., Nasirpoura, M., Tabandeh, M.R. and Mesbah, M., 2019b. Synbiotic effects of β-glucan, mannan oligosaccharide and Lactobacillus casei on growth performance, intestine enzymes activities, immunehematological parameters and immune-related gene expression in common carp, Cyprinus carpio: an experimental infection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquaculture 511: 634197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.06.011
Nasr-Eldahan, S., Nabil-Adam, A., Shreadah, M.A., Maher, A.M. and Ali T.E.-S., 2021. A review article on nanotechnology in aquaculture sustainability as a novel tool in fish disease control. Aquaculture International 29: 1459-1480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00677-7
Nayak, S.K., 2010. Role of gastrointestinal microbiota in fish. Aquaculture Research 41: 1553-1573. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02546.x
Nieves-RodrÃguez, K.N., Ãlvarez-González, C.A., Peña-MarÃn, E.S., Vega-Villasante, F., MartÃnez-GarcÃa, R., Camarillo-Coop, S., Tovar-RamÃrez, D., Guzmán-Villanueva, L.T., Andree, K.B. and Gisbert, E., 2018. Effect of β-glucans in diets on growth, survival, digestive enzyme activity, and immune system and intestinal barrier gene expression for tropical gar (Atractosteus tropicus) juveniles. Fishes 3: 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3030027
Nikoskelainen, S., Salminen, S., Bylund, G. and Ouwehand, A., 2001. Characterisation of the properties of human and dairy derived probiotics for prevention of infectious diseases in fish. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67: 2430-2435. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.6.2430-2435.2001
Palanivelu, J., Thanigaivel, S., Vickram, S., Dey, N., Mihaylova, D. and Desseva, I., 2022. Probiotics in functional foods: survival assessment and approaches for improved viability. Applied Sciences 12: 455. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010455
Panigrahi, A., Kiron, V., Puangkaew, J., Kobayashi, T., Satoh, S. and Sugita, H., 2005. The viability of probiotic bacteria as a factor influencing the immune response in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Aquaculture 243: 241-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2004.09.032
Parker, R.B., 1974. Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotics story. Animal Nutrition and Health 29: 4-8.
'Probiotics, the other half of the antibiotics story ' () 29 Animal Nutrition and Health : 4 -8.
Parvathy, U. and Jeyakumari, A., 2018. Microencapsulation and spray drying technology. In: Bindu, J., Sreejith, S., Sarika, K. (eds.) Protocols for the production of high value secondary products from industrial fish and shell fish processing. ICAR-Central institute of fisheries technology, Cochin, India, pp. 140-147.
'Microencapsulation and spray drying technology ', () 140 -147.
Pathak, K. and Akhtar, N., 2019. Nanoprobiotics: progress and issues. In: Singh, B., Hakkarainen, M. and Singh, K.K. (eds.) Emerging trends in nanobiomedicines: Nanoneutraceuticals. CRC Press, London, UK, pp. 147-164.
'Nanoprobiotics: progress and issues ', () 147 -164.
Pech-Canul, A.C., Ortega, D., Garcia-Triana, A., Gonzalez-Silva, N. and Solis-Oviedo, R.L., 2020. A brief review of edible coating materials for the microencapsulation of probiotics. Coatings 10: 197. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030197
PÄkala-SafiÅska, A., 2018. Contemporary threats of bacterial infections in freshwater fish. Journal of Veterinary Research 62: 261-267. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010455
Piñón-Balderrama, C.I., Leyva-Porras, C., Terán-Figueroa, Y., Vicente Espinosa-SolÃs, V., AÌlvarez-Salas, C. and Saavedra-Leos, M.Z., 2020. Encapsulation of active ingredients in food industry by spray-drying and nano spray-drying technologies. Processes 8: 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8080889
Priya, P.S., Ashwitha, A., Thamizharasan, K., Harishkumar, M., Dinesh, S., Nithya, T.G. and Kamaraj, M., 2021. Synergistic effect of durian fruit rind polysaccharide gel encapsulated prebiotic and probiotic dietary supplements on growth performance, immune-related gene expression, and disease resistance in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Heliyon 7: e06669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06669
Pupa, P., Apiwatsiri, P., Sirichokchatchawan, W., Pirarat, N., Muangsin,N., Shah, A.A. and Prapasarakul, N., 2021. The efficacy of three double-microencapsulation methods for preservation of probiotic bacteria. Scientific Reports 11: 13753. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93263-z
Puri, P., Sharma, J.G. and Singh, R., 2022. Biotherapeutic microbial supplementation for ameliorating fish health: developing trends in probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics use in finfish aquaculture. Animal Health Research Reviews 23 :113-135. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1466252321000165
Puri, P., Sharma, J.G. and Singh, R., 2020. Microencapsulated probiotics in aquafeeds: Improving health status and nutritional demands in finfish aquaculture. In: Das, A. (ed.) Proceedings of International Conference on Innovations in Biotechnology and Life Sciences ICIBLS 2020 Volume I. December 18-20, 2020 Delhi, India, p. 155. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.13947833
Puvanasundram, P., Chong, C.M., Sabri, S., Yusoff, M.S. and Karim, M., 2021. Multi-strain probiotics: Functions, effectiveness and formulations for aquaculture applications. Aquaculture Reports 21: 100905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100905
Ragavan, M.L. and Das, N., 2021. Effective probiotic delivery: current trends and future perspectives. In: Dhansekaran, D. and Sankaranarayanan, A. (eds.) Advances in probiotics: microorganisms in food and health. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK, pp. 497-517.
'Effective probiotic delivery: current trends and future perspectives ', () 497 -517.
Rajendran, D., Ezhuthupurakkal, P.B., Lakshman, R., Gowda, N.K.S, Manimaran, A. and Rao, S.B.N., 2022. Application of encapsulated nano materials as feed additive in livestock and poultry: a review. Veterinary Research Communications 46: 315-328. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-022-09895-7
Rasul, M.G. and Majumdar, B.C., 2017. Abuse of antibiotics in aquaculture and itâs effects on human, aquatic animal and environment. Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 2: 81-88. https://doi.org/10.21276/haya
Reza, A., Abdolmajid, H., Abbas, M. and Abdolmohammad, A.K., 2009. Effect of dietary prebiotic inulin on growth performance, intestinal microflora, body composition and hematological parameters of juvenile beluga, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 40: 771-779. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.2009.00297.x
Ringø, E. and Birkbeck, T.H., 1999. Intestinal microflora of fish larvae and fry. Aquaculture Research 30: 73-93. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.1999.00302.x
Ringø, E., Zhou, Z., Vecino, J.L.G., Wadsworth, S., Romero, J., Krogdahl, A., Olsen, R.E., Dimitroglou, A., Foey, A., Davies, S., Owen, M., Lauzon, H.L., Martinsen, L.L., De Schryver, P., Bossier, P., Spersta, S. and Merrifield, D.S., 2016. Effect of dietary components on the gut microbiota of aquatic animals. A never-ending story? Aquaculture Nutrition 22: 219-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.12346
Rodrigues, J.B., Leit, N.J., Chaves, K.S., Gigante, M.L., Portella, M.C. and Grosso, C.R.F., 2014. High protein microparticles produced by ionic gelation containing Lactobacillus acidophilus for feeding pacu larvae. Food Research International 63: 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2014.02.005
Romano, N., 2021. Probiotics, prebiotics, biofloc systems, and other biocontrol regimens in fish and shellfish aquaculture In: Kibenge, F.S.B., Baldisserotto, B. and Chong, R.S.-M. (eds.) Aquaculture Pharmacology. Elsevier Academic Press, London, UK, pp. 219-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821339-1.00003-9
Ruiz, M.L., Owatari, M.S., Yamashita, M.M., Ferrarezi, J.V.S., Garcia, P., Cardoso, L.,Martins, M.L. and Mouriño, J.L.P., 2020. Histological effects on the kidney, spleen, and liver of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fed different concentrations of probiotic. Tropical Animal Health and Production 52: 167-176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-019-02001-1
Sahandi, J., Jafaryan, H., Soltani, M. and Ebrahimi, P., 2019. The use of two Bifidobacterium strains enhanced growth performance and nutrient utilization of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 11: 966-972. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-018-9455-2
Samat, N.A., Yusoff, F.M., Rasdi, N.W. and Karim, M., 2021. The efficacy of Moina micrura enriched with probiotic Bacillus pocheonensis in enhancing survival and disease resistance of red hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) larvae. Antibiotics 10: 989. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10080989
Samat, N.A., Yusoff, F.M., Rasdi, N.W. and Karim, M., 2020. Enhancement of live food nutritional status with essential nutrients for improving aquatic animal health: a review. Animals 10: 2457. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10122457
Sarkar, A., Lehto, S.M., Harty, S., Dinan, T.G., Cryan, J.F. and Burnet, P.W.J., 2016. Psychobiotics and the manipulation of bacteria-gutbrain signals. Trends in Neurosciences 39: 763-781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2016.09.002
Scott, K.P., Gratz, S.W., Sheridan, P.O., Flint, H.J. and Duncan, S.H., 2013. The influence of diet on the gut microbiota. Pharmacological Research 69: 52-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2012.10.020
Serradell, A., Torrecillas, S., Makol, A., Valdenegro, V., Fernández-Montero, A., Acosta, F., Izquierdo, M.S. and Montero, D., 2020. Prebiotics and phytogenics functional additives in low fish meal and fish oil based diets for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Effects on stress and immune responses. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 100: 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.016
Shori, A.B., 2017. Microencapsulation improved probiotics survival during gastric transit. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 24: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjb.2016.12.008
Simora, R.M.C., Ferdinand, R., Traifalgar, M. and Legario, F.S., 2015. Characterization of extracellular enzymes from culturable autochthonous gut bacteria in rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus). Extreme Life, Biospeology and Astrobiology7: 67-76.
'Characterization of extracellular enzymes from culturable autochthonous gut bacteria in rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus) ' () 7 Extreme Life, Biospeology and : 67 -76.
Singh, A., Garg, G. and Sharma, P.K., 2010. Nanospheres: A novel approach for targeted drug delivery system. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research 5: 84-88.
'Nanospheres: A novel approach for targeted drug delivery system ' () 5 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research : 84 -88.
Smith, C.C.R, Snowberg, L.K., Caporaso, J.G., Knight, R. and Bolnick, D.I., 2015. Dietary input of microbes and host genetic variation shape among-population differences in stickleback gut microbiota. ISME Journal 9: 2515-2526. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2015.64
Soni, K.S., Desale, S.S. and Bronich, T.K., 2016. Nanogels: An overview of properties, biomedical applications and obstacles to clinical translation. Journal of Control Release 240: 109-126.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.11.009
Sonnenschein, E.C., Phippen, C.B.W., Nielsen, K.F., Mateiu, R.V., Melchiorsen, J., Gram, L., Overmann, J. and Freese, H.M., 2017. Phaeobacter piscinae sp. nov., a species of the Roseobacter group and potential aquaculture probiont. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 67: 4559-4564. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002331
Stappenbeck, T.S., Hooper, L.V. and Gordon, J.I., 2002. Developmental regulation of intestinal angiogenesis by indigenous microbes via Paneth cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 99: 15451-15455. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.202604299
Sudheesh, P.S., Al-Ghabshi, A., Al-Mazrooei, N. and Al-Habsi, S., 2012. Comparative pathogenomics of bacteria causing infectious diseases in fish. International Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2012: 457264. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/457264
Sullam, K.E., Essinger, S.D., Lozupone, C.A., OâConnor, M.P., Rosen, G.L., Knight, R.O.B., Kilham, S.S. and Russell, J.A., 2012. Environmental and ecological factors that shape the gut bacterial communities of fish: a meta-analysis. Molecular Ecology 21: 3363-3378. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05552.x
Sun, Y.-Z., Yang, H-.L., Huang, K.-P., Ye, J.-D. and Zhang, C.-X., 2013. Application of autochthonous Bacillus bioencapsulated in copepod to grouper Epinephelus coioides larvae. Aquaculture 392-395: 44-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.01.037
Tacon, A.G. J., Metian, M. and McNevin, A.A., 2022. Future feeds: suggested guidelines for sustainable development. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture 30: 135-142. https://doi.org/10.1080/23308249.2020.1860474
Tamamdusturi, R., Widanarni, W. and Yuhana, M., 2016. Administration of microencapsulated probiotic Bacillus sp. NP5 and prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide for prevention of Aeromonas hydrophila infection on Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 11: 67-76. https://doi.org/10.3923/jfas.2016.67.76
Tapia-Hernández, J.A., Torres-Chávez, P.I., RamÃrez-Wong, B., Rascón-Chu, A., Plascencia-Jatomea, M., Barreras-Urbina, C.G., Rangel-Vázquez, N.A. and RodrÃguez-Félix, F., 2015. Micro- and nanoparticles by electrospray: advances and applications in foods. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 63: 4699-4707. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01403
Tarifa, M.C., Piqueras, C.M., Genovese, D.B., Rubel, I.A., Sica, M.G. and Brugnoni, L.I., 2022. Symbiotic pectin microparticles with native Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) enhance Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. tolerans survival. Revista Argentina De Microbiologia 54: 48-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2021.03.001
Tarkhani, R., Imania, A., Hoseinifar, S.H., Ashayerizadeh, O., Moghanloua, K.S., Manaffar, R., Van Doan, H. and Reverter, M., 2020. Comparative study of host-associated and commercial probiotic effects on serum and mucosal immune parameters, intestinal microbiota, digestive enzymes activity and growth performance of roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus) fingerlings. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 98: 661-669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.063
Tarnecki, A.M., Burgos, F.A., Ray, C.L. and Arias, C.R., 2017. Fish intestinal microbiome: diversity and symbiosis unravelled by metagenomics. Journal of Applied Microbiology 123: 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.13415
Torrecillas, S., Rivero-RamÃrez, F., Izquierdo, M.S., Caballero, M.J., Makol, A., Suarez-Bregua, P., Fernández-Montero, A., Rotllant, J. and Montero, D., 2018. Feeding European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles with a functional synbiotic additive (mannan oligosaccharides and Pediococcus acidilactici): an effective tool to reduce low fishmeal and fish oil gut health effects? Fish and Shellfish Immunology 81: 10-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2018.07.007
Touraki, M., Karamanlidou, G., Karavida, P. and Chrysi, K., 2012. Evaluation of the probiotics Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum bioencapsulated in Artemia nauplii against vibriosis in European sea bass larvae (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.). World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 28: 2425-2433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-012-1052-z
Traore, M.A., Damico, C.M. and Behkam, B., 2014. Biomanufacturing and self-propulsion dynamics of nanoscale bacteria-enabled autonomous delivery systems. Applied Physics Letters 105: 173702. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4900641
Turchini, G.M., Trushenski, J.T. and Glencross, B.D., 2019. Thoughts for the future of aquaculture nutrition: realigning perspectives to reflect contemporary issues related to judicious use of marine resources in aquafeeds. North American Journal of Aquaculture 81: 13-39. https://doi.org/10.1002/naaq.10067
Turner, L.A. and Bucking, C., 2019. The role of intestinal bacteria in the ammonia detoxification ability of teleost fish. Journal of Experimental Biology 222: jeb209882. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.209882
Utami, D.A.S., Widanarni and Suprayudi, M.A., 2015. Administration of microencapsulated probiotic at different doses to control streptococcosis in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Microbiology Indonesia 9: 17-24. https://doi.org/10.5454/mi.9.1.3
Vaezi, M., Khara, H. and Shenavar, A., 2016. Synbiotic (biomin imbo) alters gut bacterial microflora of Russian sturgeon, Acipenser guldenstadti (Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833) in a time-dependent pattern. Journal of Parasitic Diseases 40: 1189-1192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-015-0647-3
Vaziri, A.S., Alemzadeh, I., Vossoughi, M. and Khorasani, A.C., 2018. Co-microencapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum; and DHA fatty acid in alginate-pectin-gelatin biocomposites. Carbohydrate Polymers 199: 266-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.002
Vazirzadeh, A., Roosta, H., Masoumi, H., Farhadi, A. and Jeffs, A., 2020. Long-term effects of three probiotics, singular or combined, on serum innate immune parameters and expressions of cytokine genes in rainbow trout during grow-out. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 98: 748-757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.023
Vázquez-Silva, G., RamÃrez-Saad, C.H., Aguirre-Garrido, J.F., Mayorga-Reyes, L., Azaola-Espinosa, A. and Morales-Jiménez, J., 2017. Effect of bacterial probiotics bio-encapsulated into Artemia franciscana on weight and length of the shortfin silverside (Chirostoma humboldtianum), and PCR-DGGE characterization of its intestinal bacterial community. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 45: 1031-1043. https://doi.org/10.3856/vol45-issue5-fulltext-18
Verschuere, L., Rombaut, G., Sorgeloos, P. and Verstraete, W., 2000. Probiotic bacteria as biological control agents in aquaculture. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 64: 655-671. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.64.4.655-671.2000
Villamil, L., Figueras, A., Planas, M. and Novoa, B., 2010. Pediococcus acidilactici in the culture of turbot (Psetta maxima) larvae: Administration pathways. Aquaculture 307: 83-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.07.004
Vine, N.G., Leukes, W.D. and Kaiser, H., 2006. Probiotics in marine larviculture. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 3: 404-427. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00017.x
Wang, J., Jansen, J.A. and Yang, F., 2019a. Electrospraying: Possibilities and challenges of engineering carriers for biomedical applications â A mini review. Frontiers in Chemistry 7: 258. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00258
Wang, L., Zu, L. and Qin, S., 2019b. Gut microbiota modulation on intestinal mucosal adaptive immunity. Journal of Immunology Research 2019: 4735040. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4735040
Wei, L., Zhou, D. and Kang, X., 2021. Electrospinning as a novel strategy for the encapsulation of living probiotics in polyvinyl alcohol/silk fibroin. Innovative Food Science and Emerging Technologies 71: 102726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2021.102726
Wei, X., Zhang, Y., Zhou, H., Tian, F. and Ni, Y., 2019.Antimicrobial activities and in vitro properties of cold-adapted Lactobacillus strains isolated from the intestinal tract of cold water fishes of high latitude water areas in Xinjiang, China. BMC Microbiology 19: 247. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-019-1623-3
Xia, J., Lin, G., Fu, G., Wan, Z., Lee, M., Wang, L., Liu, X.J. and Yue, G.H., 2014. The intestinal microbiome of fish under starvation. BMC Genomics 15: 266. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-266
Xia, Y., Wang, M., Gao, F., Lu, M. and Chen, G., 2020. Effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on the growth, gut health and disease resistance of juvenile Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Animal Nutrition 6: 69-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2019.07.002
Yang, P., Hu, H., Li, Y., Ai, Q., Zhang, W., Zhang, Y. and Mai, K., 2019. Effect of dietary xylan on immune response, tight junction protein expression and bacterial community in the intestine of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.). Aquaculture 512: 734361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734361
Yilmaz, M.T., Taylan, O., Karakas, C.Y. and Dertli, E., 2020. An alternative way to encapsulate probiotics within electrospun alginate nanofibers as monitored under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in kefir. Carbohydrate Polymers 244: 116447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116447
Ying, Y.D., Sanguansri, L., Weerakkody, R., Bull, M., Singh, T.K. and Augustin, M.A., 2016. Effect of encapsulant matrix on stability of microencapsulated probiotics Journal of Functional Foods 25: 447-458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.06.020
Yu, L., Zhai, Q., Zhu, J., Zhang, C., Li, T., Liu, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., Tian, F. and Chen, W., 2017. Dietary Lactobacillus plantarum supplementation enhances growth performance and alleviates aluminium toxicity in tilapia. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 143: 307-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.05.023
Zare, A., Azari-Takami, G., Taridashti, F. and Khara, H., 2017. The effects of Pediococcus acidilactici as a probiotic on growth performance and survival rate of great sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758). Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences 16: 150-161.
'The effects of Pediococcus acidilactici as a probiotic on growth performance and survival rate of great sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758) ' () 16 Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences : 150 -161.
Zhao, D., Wu, S., Feng, W., JakovlicÌ, I., Tran, N.T. and Xiong, F., 2020. Adhesion and colonization properties of potentially probiotic Bacillus paralicheniformis strain FA6 isolated from grass carp intestine. Fisheries Science 86: 153-161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-019-01385-1
Zhao, W., Dao, C., Karim, M., Gomez-Chiarri, M., Rowley, D. and Nelson, D.R., 2016. Contributions of tropodithietic acid and biofilm formation to the probiotic activity of Phaeobacter inhibens. BMC Microbiology 16: 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-015-0617-z
Zhao, Y., Yang, Q.E., Zhou, X., Wang, F.-H., Muurinen, J., Virta, M.P., Brandt, K.K. and Zhu, Y.-G., 2021. Antibiotic resistome in the livestock and aquaculture industries: status and solutions. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 51: 2159-2196. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2020.1777815
Zhu, Y., Wang, Z., Bai, L., Deng, J. and Zhou, Q., 2021. Biomaterial-based encapsulated probiotics for biomedical applications: current status and future perspectives. Materials and Design 210: 110018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110018
ZióÅkowska, E., Bogucka, J., Dankowiakowska, A., Rawski, M., Jan Mazurkiewicz, J. and Stanek, M., 2020. Effects of a transgalactooligosaccharide on biochemical blood parameters and intestine morphometric parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Animals 10: 723. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10040723
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 1283 | 452 | 47 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 41 | 8 | 1 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 41 | 9 | 1 |
Finfish and fish products are globally the most acknowledged health-promoting foods. The rising incidence of pathogenic and disease outbreaks have had a sizeable impact on aquaculture. Microbial supplementation of food in the form of probiotics, prebiotics, and their controlled release combinations (=co-encapsulations) as âsynbioticsâ is noted for its significant biotherapeutic and health benefits. Supplementation of probiotic microbial feed additives in the fish diet claims to improve fish health by modulation of resident intestinal microbiota and by introducing healthy microbiota procured from an exogenous source, capable of combating pathogens, improving nutrient uptake, assimilation, growth as well as survival. Prebiotics are selectively digestible substrates beneficially used by host gut microbes to enhance probiotic effects. Formulating a fish diet with augmented probiotics and prebiotic microbial bio-supplements can ensure a sustainable alternative for establishing fish health in a naturally susceptible aquaculture scenario. Micro-encapsulation, co-encapsulation, and nano-encapsulation are novel strategies of biotechnical interventions in functional feeds for finfish. These aim to improve probiotic persistence, survivability, and efficacy in commercial formulations during probiotic transit through the host-gut environment. This review discusses the importance of co-treatment and encapsulation strategies for improving probiotic and prebiotic potential in aquafeed formulations, reliably improving finfish health and nutritional returns from aquaculture, and, consequently, for consumers.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 1283 | 452 | 47 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 41 | 8 | 1 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 41 | 9 | 1 |