This article pairs the lenses of religious studies and political analysis in order to understand better the utopian future envisioned by the Book of Zephaniah. Identifying prominent political elements in light of common ancient Near Eastern models of statehood, it focuses on the political process that the Book of Zephaniah sees as culminating world history. The elimination from Judah and from other nations of those who do not follow or submit to Yhwh is correlated with empire formation, followed by a surprising shift to a territorial state model in which the remaining citizens of the nations and of Judah form a unified religious community without sharing a common homeland. The study concludes with reflections on the utility of political analysis for understanding religious utopian visions of the future.â©
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âSweeney, Zephaniah, p. 185, explores additional links between Zeph. 3:8b-10 and Isaiah 18â19.
âBen Zvi, Zephaniah, p. 228, although Ben Zvi concludes that 3:10 parallels 3:9 in terms of its subject and referent, as does Berlin, Zephaniah, p. 135.
âSee, on Assyria, M. Zehnder, Umgang mit Fremden in Israel und Assyrien: Ein Beitrag zur Anthropologie des âFremdenâ im Licht antiker Quellen (Stuttgart: Kohlhammer, 2005), pp. 63â74; and M. Fales, âThe Enemy in Assyrian Royal Inscriptions: The Moral Judgment,â in H. Nissen and J. Renger (eds.), Mesopotamien und seine Nachbarn (Berlin: Dietrich Reimer, 1982), pp. 425â35 (esp. p. 427). On the Neo-Babylonian Empire, see Vanderhooft, The Neo-Babylonian Empire and Babylon in the Latter Prophets; and, on the Persian Empire, A. Kuhrt, âThe Achaemenid Persian Empire (c. 550-c. 330 BCE): Continuities, Adaptations, Transformations,â in S. Alcock, T. DâAltroy, K. Morrison and C. Sinopoli (eds.), Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), pp. 93â123.
âJ.B. Rives, âThe Decree of Decius and the Religion of Empire,â The Journal of Roman Studies 89 (1999), pp. 135â54.
âSee M. Doyle, Empires (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1986), pp. 30, 45.
âSee Y. Shain and A. Berth, âDiaspora and International Relations Theory,â International Organization 57 (2003), pp. 449â79. The remaining tension between worshipping Yhwh outside Judah and the prominence of Jerusalem (3:11, âmy holy mountainâ) and of Israelites (3:20) cannot be brushed aside, but is not significant enough to undo the interpretation proposed here.
âSee A. Gibson, Biblical Semantic Logic: A Preliminary Analysis (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic, 2nd edn, 2001), pp. 140â50, for an explanation of this concept.
âWalzer, In Godâs Shadow, pp. 95â96, also argues that religion is the fundamental phenomenon in such passages, while politics are an exponent, context, and/or expression of the resultant human behavior in society.
âT. Donaldson, Judaism and the Gentiles: Jewish Patterns of Universalism (to 135 CE) (Waco: Baylor University Press, 2007), p. 499.
âDonaldson, Judaism and the Gentiles, p. 513. Although Donaldson bases his argument on other prophets of the Hebrew Bible, his description fits Zephaniah well. See also J. Levenson, âThe Universal Horizon of Biblical Particularism,â in M. Brett (ed.), Ethnicity and the Bible (Leiden: Brill, 1996), pp. 165â69. Donaldsonâs formulation is a welcome alternative to the false dichotomy between law and prophets that A. Kuenen adopted in his discussion of particularism and universalism over a century ago, and which lingers on in some formulations of ancient Israelâs history; see W. Brueggemann and D. Hankins, âThe Invention and Persistence of Wellhausenâs World,â CBQ 75 (2013), pp. 15â31.
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
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| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 363 | 42 | 5 |
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This article pairs the lenses of religious studies and political analysis in order to understand better the utopian future envisioned by the Book of Zephaniah. Identifying prominent political elements in light of common ancient Near Eastern models of statehood, it focuses on the political process that the Book of Zephaniah sees as culminating world history. The elimination from Judah and from other nations of those who do not follow or submit to Yhwh is correlated with empire formation, followed by a surprising shift to a territorial state model in which the remaining citizens of the nations and of Judah form a unified religious community without sharing a common homeland. The study concludes with reflections on the utility of political analysis for understanding religious utopian visions of the future.â©
| å ¨é¨æé´ | è¿å»ä¸å¹´ | è¿å»30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ° | 363 | 42 | 5 |
| å ¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ° | 219 | 2 | 0 |
| PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ° | 71 | 3 | 0 |