CHARTING CULTURAL VARIATION IN CHIMPANZEES
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Abstract
Cultural variation among chimpanzee communities or unit-groups at nine long-term study sites was charted through a systematic, collaborative procedure in which the directors of the sites first agreed a candidate list of 65 behaviour patterns (here fully defined), then classified each pattern in relation to its local frequency of occurrence. Thirty-nine of the candidate behaviour patterns were discriminated as cultural variants, sufficiently frequent at one or more sites to be consistent with social transmission, yet absent at one or more others where environmental explanations were rejected. Each community exhibited a unique and substantial profile of such variants, far exceeding cultural variation reported before for any other non-human species. Evaluation of these pan-African distributions against three models for the diffusion of traditions identified multiple cases consistent with cultural evolution involving differentiation in form, function and targets of behaviour patterns.
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| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
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| PDF Views & Downloads | 974 | 62 | 5 |
CHARTING CULTURAL VARIATION IN CHIMPANZEES
In: BehaviourSearch for other papers by Whiten in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Goodall in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by W.C. McGrew in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nishida in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Reynolds in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sugiyama in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by C.E.G. Tutin in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by R.W. Wrangham in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Boesch in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Cultural variation among chimpanzee communities or unit-groups at nine long-term study sites was charted through a systematic, collaborative procedure in which the directors of the sites first agreed a candidate list of 65 behaviour patterns (here fully defined), then classified each pattern in relation to its local frequency of occurrence. Thirty-nine of the candidate behaviour patterns were discriminated as cultural variants, sufficiently frequent at one or more sites to be consistent with social transmission, yet absent at one or more others where environmental explanations were rejected. Each community exhibited a unique and substantial profile of such variants, far exceeding cultural variation reported before for any other non-human species. Evaluation of these pan-African distributions against three models for the diffusion of traditions identified multiple cases consistent with cultural evolution involving differentiation in form, function and targets of behaviour patterns.
| All Time | Past 365 days | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 3329 | 265 | 33 |
| Full Text Views | 695 | 64 | 2 |
| PDF Views & Downloads | 974 | 62 | 5 |
