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What Early Medieval Hillforts along the Dnipro and Desna Rivers Reveal about the Nature and Scale of the Scandinavian Presence

in Acta Archaeologica
Autor:in:
Alla Kurzenkova British Academy Researcher-at-Risk Postdoctoral Fellow (Ukrainian Affiliate Researcher), Department of Archaeology, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom

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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9000-2629
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Abstract

The network of Kyivan Rus’ trading posts played a pivotal role in facilitating travel along the eastern trade routes, linking diverse regions. For Scandinavian groups, river-connected sites served as key entry points into broader trade and migration networks. This article reassesses Scandinavian activity in the region by focusing on a specific type of settlement found across the landscape: 10th–12th-century hillforts with evidence of Scandinavian presence. It explores whether these sites represent a unified phenomenon or merely share certain characteristics. The analysis centres on artefacts of Scandinavian origin – or local imitations of such items – as tangible indicators of Norse activity. For analytical clarity, the hillforts are divided into three regional groups: Western, Dnipro, and Desna. The article investigates the physical characteristics of these sites, the information the artefacts can reveal about the societies that used them, and the similarities and differences among the three groups. Drawing on published archaeological reports and digital archives, this study offers new insights into the form and scale of Scandinavian presence in the region, situating it within the broader context of Viking Age activity.

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