Index
Please note that this Index only mentions international law instruments receiving extended coverage in the volume.
Accident notification
190
Chernobyl, Industrial accidents, International Labour Organization (ILO), Prevention
Accountability
18, 25, 57, 217, 304, 306, 413, 462–463, 473, 485, 488–489, 496, 543, 559
Accountability of CBRN actors see CBRN
Afghanistan
11, 59, 337–338
African Union
56–57, 80, 134, 149, 187, 281, 490
African Regional Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction – ‘African Strategy’ (ARS-DRR)
299
African Union High-Level Inter-Governmental Meeting on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism
134
Programme of Action for the Implementation of the African Strategy
56
Aggression see International humanitarian law
Agribusiness
543
AIDS
276
COVID-19 pandemic, Epidemic outbreaks, Human health, Preparedness, Response and Recovery, United Nations, World Health Organization
Algeria
333, 335, 634
All-hazards approach
4–5, 9, 13, 99, 160, 174, 198, 237, 494, 542, 622
Alliance of Small Island States (AOSIS)
60
Al-Qaeda
9, 11, 125, 336
Al-Shifa
337
Chemical weapons, Terrorism
Antarctic cooperation
Antarctic Treaty
59, 431
Anticipatory self-defence see International humanitarian law
Armed conflicts see International humanitarian law
Armed groups
373
International humanitarian Law
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL)
396–397, 399, 406–408, 411–413, 456
European Union, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), G7/G8, Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Terrorism
Chemical and biological weapons’ disarmament
396
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
431
Conference on Disarmament (CD)
381, 398, 429
Institutional penalties
464, 474
Nuclear disarmament and testing
113, 417, 430
Test Ban Treaty
431–432
Treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons
417
Asian Disaster Reduction Centre
58
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
42, 81
Asia Pacific Strategy for Emerging Diseases and Public Health Emergencies (APSED III) see WHO
Asphyxiating gases
363, 366
Chemical agents, Chemical weapons
Association of Caribbean States (ASC)
80, 296
Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
40–41, 58–59, 80, 136, 150–151, 187, 281, 301
Attribution
363, 366
State responsibility, United Nations
Australia
85, 88, 306, 333–334, 336, 338, 410, 437, 439, 446–447, 450, 452, 475, 522, 564, 571
Australia Group
410, 439, 446–447, 450, 452
Austria
60, 81–82, 148, 188, 250, 491
Autonomous Weapons Systems
376
Weapons
Belgium
46, 188, 215, 429–430, 513, 593, 609, 613
Biological warfare see CBRN, Biological weapons, Human rights
Biological weapons
4, 11–12, 21, 23, 110–111, 114, 116, 118–119, 142, 157, 352, 366–368, 374, 381, 396–399, 401–403, 408–414, 439, 446, 448, 450, 458, 462–463, 466, 581–582, 603, 622, 637–638, 646
Chemical weapons, Poisoned weapons
Biochemical weapons
396, 409
Biological warfare
11
Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC)
56, 79
Bosnia and Herzegovina
35, 82, 592–593
Bulgaria
61, 148, 210, 334
Business activities see Human Rights, Private actors
Canada
64, 84–85, 88, 139, 179, 223, 306, 336, 338, 387, 476, 521
Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
61, 80, 151, 281
Catch-all clause
445
CBRN
1, 3–10, 12–15, 17–19, 22, 24–26, 28, 30, 33, 39, 44, 47, 49–50, 52, 54–56, 59–67, 69, 72, 77–79, 87, 91–94, 96–97, 99, 101–104, 107, 109–123, 125–129, 132–133, 136–139, 141–146, 148–154, 156–169, 171–174, 176–177, 201–202, 204–205, 211, 214, 219–221, 230–232, 236–238, 242, 244, 246, 264–265, 270–271, 273, 276–277, 282, 284, 288, 294–295, 306, 308–311, 315–316, 318–319, 325–326, 329, 331–332, 336, 338–339, 342–343, 346, 349–354, 358–361, 373–377, 380–383, 388, 392–393, 396, 439–441, 452, 456–457, 461–464, 466, 468, 472–474, 476, 481, 483–484, 487, 492, 496, 498, 501–504, 508–511, 513–515, 517, 519–520, 522–527, 532–536, 539–546, 548–559, 561–563, 565, 568–575, 579, 581, 585–591, 595–596, 599–611, 613, 615–616, 619–624, 626, 629–630, 633–639, 644–648
actors
101–102, 109–111, 114–115, 119, 123, 125, 129, 133, 142–143, 157–158, 167, 172, 183, 189–191, 193, 201, 204, 219–220, 226, 230–231, 277, 291, 303, 332, 336, 338, 343, 350, 354, 358, 369, 373, 375–376, 397, 400, 404, 407, 411, 436, 440, 446, 473, 485, 488–489, 497, 520, 522, 524, 526, 534–536, 539–541, 544–546, 548, 552–553, 558, 561, 565, 569–570, 573–574, 620–622, 631, 633–634, 644, 647
agents
125, 157, 160, 162, 176, 179, 205, 219, 230, 282, 294, 343, 359–361, 363–368, 372–377, 380, 385, 396, 399–400, 403, 407–411, 447, 449, 472, 487, 494, 541–544, 546, 552–556, 559, 582, 585–586, 588–590, 596, 599, 602, 610, 620, 634, 644–645
definitional framework
634
emergency management cycle
220, 456, 461, 464, 466, 476, 483, 489, 493, 495–496, 498–499, 520, 523, 525, 536, 540, 554, 600, 606, 611, 613
terrorism
3
Terrorism
threats
91, 97–99, 109–110, 115–117, 123, 125, 129, 132, 138, 151, 156–161, 163–169, 171–174, 241–242, 246–247, 289, 309–311, 317–318, 321–322, 324, 326, 332, 342, 349, 351, 399, 401, 407–408, 428, 433, 466, 484, 493, 496, 501–502, 509, 517, 532, 535, 549, 564, 570, 574, 620, 645
weapons see Biological weapons, Chemical weapons, Compliance, Export controls, Nuclear weapons
Challenge inspections
401, 406, 408, 459
Chemical agents
9
Chemical weapons
Chemical industry
404
Industrial accidents
Chemical weapons
9, 12, 22, 44, 66, 109–110, 113–114, 125, 142, 147, 165, 170, 334, 336–337, 339–342, 352–354, 363–366, 381, 396–399, 403–410, 412–414, 446, 448–452, 457–458, 461, 465, 468–473, 475, 487, 494, 581–582, 590, 601, 609, 622, 624–625, 636–638, 646
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Biological weapons, CBRN weapons, Compliance, European Union, League of Nations, Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), Poisoned weapons, Terrorism
Chemical attacks see Syria
Chemical Weapons Convention
113, 142, 165, 170, 364, 366, 381, 397–398, 403–404, 406, 409, 448–449, 451, 465, 469, 475, 609, 622
Prohibitions on chemical weapons see Customary international law
Chernobyl
13, 176
Accident notification, Fukushima
China
59, 136
COVID-19 pandemic, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
Cholera
297
Epidemic outbreaks, Haiti, Human health, Response and recovery
Civil-military assets
162
European Union, Preparedness, Terrorism
Climate Change
36, 54, 60, 65, 80, 85–89, 297, 306, 314, 483, 485, 520, 522, 527–528, 531–536
Disasters, Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), European Union, Human rights, International environmental law, Preparedness, Response and recovery
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
57
Commissions of inquiry
462
Syria, United Nations
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights see United Nations
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women see United Nations
Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities see United Nations
Committee on the Rights of the Child see United Nations
Compensation
145
Enforcement mechanisms, Remedies, Victims
Compliance
84, 86–88, 120, 122, 146, 169, 185–186, 193–194, 204, 217, 220, 222–223, 225, 228, 242, 248, 255, 271, 287–288, 290, 295, 303–306, 334, 375–376, 392, 397, 400–402, 405–407, 411–412, 414, 432, 452, 456–457, 459–461, 464–465, 468, 473–474, 494, 505, 510, 513, 515, 547, 561, 566, 575, 591, 594, 601, 609, 612, 616, 646
Biological weapons, CBRN weapons, Chemical weapons
Compliance regime
402, 405
Conference on Disarmament (CD) see Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL)
Confidence-Building Measures (CBMs)
401–402, 407, 447, 458
Cybersecurity
Confidentiality
405–406, 507
Conventional weapons see Weapons
Corporate actors
17
Accountability, Human rights
Council of Europe
20, 54, 79, 131–132, 152, 186–187, 238, 491, 514, 545, 602, 608, 616
Human rights, European Union, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Preparedness
Counter-terrorism see Terrorism
EUR-OPA
187
Human rights’ protection
European Court of Human Rights
44
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) see European Union
COVID-19 pandemic
6, 8, 12, 18–19, 28–29, 55, 60, 98, 100, 103–104, 122, 271, 273, 280–281, 286, 294–295, 301, 304, 306, 310–311, 325, 488–489, 508, 511, 517, 527, 535, 550, 557, 645, 647
Civil Justice for Victims of China-Originated Viral Infections Diseases (COVID) Act
305
COVAX
303
COVID-19 Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan
282
International Health Regulations (2005)
127, 204, 221, 266, 268, 271–272, 276, 278, 283, 289, 298, 303–304, 306, 358, 474, 483
National Focal Points see World Health Organization
Pandemic Response Trust Fund see NATOEpidemic outbreaks, European Union, Human health, Human rights, Medicines, Preparedness, Response and recovery, Vaccines, World Health Organization
Crimes against humanity
37
Genocide, International crimes, International Criminal Court, Prosecute, War crimes
Criminalization
589, 601, 604
Enforcement mechanisms, National implementation, Nuclear materials, Sanctions, Victims
Obligation to assist in criminal matters
594–595
Obligation to criminalise
580
Customary international law
36, 49, 72, 344, 346–348, 354, 375, 434–435, 462, 604
Opinio juris
343, 345, 347, 355, 433, 437, 516, 569
Cybersecurity
129, 157, 247, 561–565, 568–571, 573–575
Critical infrastructure, European Union
Cyber-attacks
343
Stuxnet computer virus
343
Cyberspace
561–562, 564–572, 574
Group of Governmental Experts on cyberlaw (GGE)
376
Democratic Republic of Congo
280, 300
Denmark
189, 210, 346, 512, 530
Depleted Uranium
372
Nuclear weapons
Dirty bombs see Nuclear weapons
Disability
45
Vulnerable groups
Disarmament see Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL)
Disasters
3–6, 8–10, 14, 16–18, 20–21, 23–26, 28, 30, 36, 38–43, 45–47, 49–50, 52–53, 55–62, 65, 67, 71–72, 74–75, 78–81, 84, 89, 91, 97, 112, 115, 173, 176–177, 181, 187–189, 194, 210, 212, 219, 221, 223–224, 264, 281, 284, 287, 294–297, 299, 309–315, 318–320, 326, 483–486, 489–492, 496–498, 511, 514, 539, 541–543, 556, 599, 606, 610–611, 616, 620, 622–623, 630–631, 643–645, 647–648
Disaster management cycle
70–71, 312, 388
Disaster prevention
75, 79, 188, 281, 295, 312–313, 539, 541, 644
Disaster risk management
80, 85–86, 312–313, 540–541, 556
Disaster Risk Reduction
70, 74–76, 79–80, 87–89, 176–178, 180, 187, 197–198, 202, 212, 284, 297, 299, 483–485, 539, 541–542, 551–552, 554, 630, 644
UN World Conference on Disaster Reduction
COVID-19 pandemic, Epidemic outbreaks, European Union, Floods, Hurricane, International disaster law, Industrial accidents, Naturally occurring events, Seismic activities, United Nations, Volcanic eruptions, World Health Organization
Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015
75, 212, 296
Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015–2030
75, 187, 198, 212, 483, 541, 630
Yokohama Strategy and Plan of Action for a Safer World
75
Dual-use
95, 162, 406–407, 409–410, 439–440, 443–446, 450, 452–453
Biological weapons, Chemical weapons
equipments
410, 443
good and items
162, 443–446, 452
technologies
409
Due diligence
35
Council of Europe, Human rights, Inter-American Court of Human Rights
Ebola
6, 271, 280, 294, 298, 300–301, 306, 311, 318, 466, 488
AIDS, Cholera, COVID-19 pandemic, Cross Border threats to health, H1N1, Human health, Medicines, Ebola, Epidemic outbreaks, European Union, Response and recovery, United Nations, Vaccines, World Health Organization
Ebola outbreak
271, 280, 301, 311, 318, 466, 488
Social Reconnection Groups (SRGs)
301
Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)
57, 63, 80, 134–135, 138, 149–150
Climate change, Disasters
Central Africa Gender Responsive Regional Strategy for Risk Prevention, Disaster Management and Climate Change Adaptation
80
ECOWAS Disaster Risk Reduction Gender Strategy and Action Plan 2020–2030
57
El Salvador
334, 515
Emergency measures see Human rights, European Union
Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) see European Union
Enforcement Mechanisms
87
Access to remedies, Criminal repression, International crimes, Victims
Environment see Human rights, European Union, International environmental law
Epidemic outbreaks
294, 297
AIDS, Cholera, COVID-19 pandemic, Cross Border threats to health, Ebola, European Union, H1N1, Human health, Medicines, United Nations, Vaccines, World Health Organization
Euratom see European Union
Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
133
European Union, Terrorism
Barcelona Declaration
133
Euro-Mediterranean Code of Conduct on Countering Terrorism
133
European Convention/Court on Human Rights (ECHR/ECtHR) see Council of Europe
European Union (EU)
4, 9, 17, 19, 24, 28, 33, 40, 49, 54, 65, 69, 79, 82, 91–104, 111, 123, 125, 131, 133, 139, 141, 148, 152, 156–165, 167–174, 179, 186, 194, 201, 209, 219, 232–240, 244, 246–248, 250, 252–253, 255, 257–258, 262–263, 276–277, 281, 288–289, 308–320, 323–326, 408, 442, 450, 552, 604, 609, 623, 647
Chemicals legislation
232
Common commercial policy
95, 104
Common Emergency Communication and Information System (CECIS)
169, 313–314, 317, 320
Competences (allocation of)
91–93, 96–97, 99–100, 103, 126, 149, 158–159, 163, 248–249, 251–252, 258, 262, 320, 324, 557
Conferral (principle of)
93, 142–143, 160, 252, 353, 355
Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
255, 604
Early Warning and Response System (EWRS)
168–169, 322
Environmental policy
233
EU CBRN Action Plan
160–161
EU Global CBRN Centres of Excellence (CoE)
123, 152–153, 171–173, 236
European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (Hybrid CoE)
172
EU Health Security Committee (HSC)
167–169, 318, 322–323
Euro-Mediterranean Partnership see Euro-Mediterranean Partnership
EuropeAid
173
European Commission
98–100, 157, 161, 171–172, 233–235, 237, 241–242, 245–246, 254, 257–258, 261–262, 303, 309, 312, 316–317, 324, 443, 450, 511, 522, 535, 552
European Community Urgent Radiological Information Exchange (ECURIE system)
255, 261
European critical infrastructures
96, 237, 241, 246
European External Action Service
320
European Food Safety Authority
169, 261–262
European Health Union
99, 326
European Nuclear Security Training Centre (EUSECTRA)
161
Europol
125, 157, 161, 165–167
Flexibility Clause
96, 237, 252, 326
Frame of powers doctrine
100
Integrated Political Crisis Response
100, 324–325
Internal Market
94–96, 100
Joint Procurement Agreements
Joint Procurement Mechanism
98–99
Major-accident prevention policy (MAPP)
239–240, 243
Mutual Assistance Clause
101–102
National Identities Clause
92–93, 101
National security
91–92, 96, 103, 146, 158, 174, 318, 332, 334, 351, 405, 419, 426, 434, 436, 439, 503, 523
Nuclear safety and security
184, 207, 209, 248, 262, 309
Revision of EU primary law
104
Security Union Strategy
157
CBRN Action plans
158, 174
Sincere cooperation (principle of)
92–93, 142–143, 160, 174, 324, 353, 355
Solidarity Clause
100, 102–103, 159, 167, 262, 310, 317, 320, 323–325
Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
129, 142, 159–160, 411
Terrorism-related obligations
156
Transport policy
96
Union Civil Protection Mechanism
97, 233, 308–309, 316, 320
Council of Europe, COVID-19 pandemic, Cross border threats to health, Human health, Human rights, Preparedness, Prevention, Response and recovery, Terrorism, United Nations, Vaccines
Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC)
313–314, 319, 324
European Civil Protection Pool (ECPP)
97, 314–316, 321
European Emergency Response Capacity (EERC)
168, 315
Monitoring and Information Centre (MIC)
262
Reform of
326
RescEU
314
Export controls
410
CBRN weapons, Dual-use technologies
Extractive industries
236, 240, 243
Extradite or prosecute (aut dedere aut iudicare) see Prosecute
Finland
24, 188–189, 210, 571
Floods
102
Disasters, Epidemic outbreaks, Hurricane, Seismic activities, Volcanic eruptions
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
89, 195, 213, 411
United Nations
France
46, 82, 94, 102, 125, 188, 224, 303, 306, 333, 335, 338–341, 345, 418, 428, 434, 436–437, 440, 443, 475, 571, 605, 633–634
French Polynesia
634
Fukushima
13
Chernobyl, Industrial accidents, Japan, Nuclear Safety
G7/G8
60
G-8 Global Partnership against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction
410
Geneva Conventions see International humanitarian law
Genocide
35, 37, 74, 370, 579–580, 586–589, 591–593, 595–597, 635, 647
Crimes against humanity, International Criminal Court, Prosecute, War crimes
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
37
Germany
46, 60, 82, 88, 125, 215, 228, 250, 306, 336, 338, 346, 364, 429–430, 434, 571, 620
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery see World Bank See also DisastersDisasters
Gulf Cooperation Council
59
Disaster Centre
59
Haiti
297, 490
Cholera, Seismic activities
Hazardous substances and wastes
507, 542
Pesticides, Sea
Herbicides
507
Chemical weapons, International humanitarian law
HIV see AIDS
H1N1
98, 271–272, 276, 285, 515
AIDS, COVID-19 pandemic, Cross Border threats to health, Epidemic outbreaks, Human health, Preparedness, Response and recovery, World Health Organization
Human health
6, 94 , 96, 126, 168, 170, 183, 189, 234, 237, 239–240, 243–244, 249, 331, 354, 371, 523, 528–529, 532, 535, 544, 645
AIDS, Cholera, Covid-19 pandemic, Cross border threats to health, Ebola, Epidemic outbreaks, European Union, H1N1, Human rights, Medicines, Preparedness, One health approach, Response and recovery, Vaccines, World Health Organization
Humanitarian aid/assistance
313
United Nations
Humanitarian intervention see International humanitarian law
Human rights
7, 16–18, 25, 33, 38, 44, 49, 51, 60, 65–66, 72, 77, 84–87, 89, 134, 141, 145, 152, 191, 266, 281, 288, 296, 300, 302, 305, 367, 370–371, 375, 384, 413, 456, 462–463, 473, 475, 481–492, 494–499, 501–504, 507, 510–512, 514–517, 521, 523, 539–559, 572–573, 575, 585, 600, 604–605, 610, 613–617, 619–622, 630–634, 636, 639, 643, 646
United Nations, Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR)
Council of Europe, European Union, Inter-American Court of Human Rights, International Environmental Law (IEL), United Nations
Business and Human Rights
539
Human Rights Committee
484, 486, 501, 604, 633
Human Rights Due Diligence (HRDD)
540, 543, 547–548, 550, 552, 554, 558
Limitations to human rights
507, 516
Positive obligations to protect against CBRN risks
481
Hungary
82, 94, 148, 188, 250
Hurricane
177, 294
Disasters, Epidemic outbreaks, Floods, Seismic activities, Volcanic eruptions
Hybrid threats see Terrorism
Hyogo Framework for Action see United Nations
Iceland
189, 334
Illicit trafficking see Biological weapons, Chemical weapons, Nuclear weapons
Immunization
269
Vaccines
India
10, 59, 82, 176, 195, 217, 219, 418–419, 421, 429, 432–433, 435, 440, 442–444, 452, 475, 539, 542, 634
Industrial accidents
3, 10, 39–40, 55, 69, 176–181, 183, 186–191, 194, 196–198, 201–202, 204–205, 209–211, 213–214, 216–217, 219–224, 226, 230–233, 235–238, 241–242, 244, 246, 294–295, 474, 487, 521–522, 524–525, 540, 542, 550, 620, 644–645
Chemical industrial accidents
211, 224
Industrial and nuclear accidents
Accident notification, Chernobyl, European Union, Fukushima, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International Labour Organization (ILO), Preparedness, Prevention, Response and recovery, Safety
accidents
176, 201
Industrial safety requirements
180
Information and communication technologies (ICT)
564, 647
Cybersecurity
Information security
564–565, 567
Institutional penalties see Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL)
Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) see United Nations
Inter-American Court of Human Rights
490
Council of Europe, Human rights, United Nations
International armed conflict (IAC) see International humanitarian law
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
13, 22–23, 39, 44, 86, 113–115, 122–123, 129–131, 178, 186, 192–193, 195, 201, 205–210, 215–216, 220, 226–229, 334–335, 432, 441, 458, 460, 628, 644
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Industrial accidents, Nuclear weapons, Terrorism, United Nations
Convention on Assistance in the Case of a Nuclear Accident or Radiological Emergency (Assistance Convention)
115, 205–206, 208, 226–229, 250, 524
Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident (Early Notification Convention)
115, 178, 205–206, 226–229, 250, 524
Convention on Nuclear Safety (CNS)
115, 184, 186, 191–193, 206, 209, 215, 227–228, 250, 255, 336, 526
Emergency Preparedness and Response (EPR) framework
139, 184, 198, 206–209, 215–216, 288
General Safety Requirements on Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency
208
IAEA Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources
227
IAEA General Conference
226
IAEA Safety Standards
207–209, 216, 257
Safety Fundamentals
208
Safety Guides
208
Safety Requirements
180, 185–186, 208, 256
Joint Radiation Emergency Management Plan of the International Organizations (JPLAN)
209
Safety Guide on Arrangements for Preparedness for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency
208
International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)
426
Nuclear weapons
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
128, 148
Global Aviation Security Plan
128
International Commission for Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICSS)
73
Responsibility to Protect
551
International Commission for Radiological Protection (ICRP)
254
International Cooperation
6, 19–21, 28, 37, 45–46, 51–53, 58, 62, 69, 73, 81–82, 114, 122, 126, 128–129, 139, 142, 144, 158, 195, 247, 265–266, 273, 294, 296, 300, 302, 306, 385, 400–401, 440, 451, 485–486, 496, 567, 579, 625
Obligation to cooperate
121, 152, 189, 594
International Court of Justice (ICJ) see United Nations
International Criminal Court (ICC)
366, 368, 473, 579, 582–583, 593, 620–621, 636–637
Crimes against humanity, Genocide, Prosecute, War crimes
ICC Elements of Crimes
582, 587
ICC Statute
580–584, 586, 589–591, 594–597, 636–637
International criminal law
620
International disaster law
622
Disasters, European Union, United Nations
International environmental law (IEL)
33, 35, 38, 45–47, 49, 72, 87, 189, 381, 383–388, 390–393, 437, 519–521, 527, 600, 622, 626–627, 646
Climate change, European Union, Human Rights, International humanitarian law, One Health approach
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
203, 259, 521, 534–535, 547
Environmental protection
189, 191, 252, 381, 383–384, 386–388, 390–392, 490–491, 526, 626
Global Pact for the Environment
519, 526, 535
Precautionary principle
36
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)
16, 43, 52, 54, 74, 76, 79, 81, 87, 220, 226, 229
Preparedness, Response and recovery
Guidelines for the Domestic Facilitation and Regulation of International Disaster Relief and Initial Recovery Assistance (2007)
208, 220, 265
Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Guidelines Preparedness, Response and Recovery
229
International Health Regulations see World Health Organization (WHO)
International humanitarian law (IHL)
7, 72, 87, 345, 358–364, 366–377, 380–393, 396, 427, 462, 487, 501, 582–583, 619, 621–622, 633, 636, 643
Customary international law, Human rights, Remedies, Victims, War crimes
Humanitarian intervention
340–341, 345, 352–355
Jus ad bellum
331, 347, 350, 353, 359, 370, 372, 635, 646
Jus in bello
358–359, 372, 635, 643, 646
Self-defence
331–333, 335–339, 342, 344–345, 348–355, 370–371, 434, 567
Use of CBRN weapons in armed conflicts
502
International Labour Organization (ILO)
40, 181–182, 193–194, 204, 213, 221–222, 550
Industrial accidents, Personal protective equipment (PPE), Workers
ILO Governing Body
222
ILO Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents Convention
204
ILO Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention
550
ILO Safety and Health in Mines Convention
550
Major hazard control
182, 204
International Law Commission see United Nations
International Working Group on Financing Pandemic Preparedness see World Bank
Investigative bodies
456, 462, 473, 476
Iran
331, 335, 341–343, 349, 386, 398, 408, 419, 432, 450, 463, 467, 475, 563
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
419, 467
Iraq
332–336, 338–339, 342, 349, 352, 386, 388, 398, 443, 450, 460, 463, 466–467, 635
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), International humanitarian law, Israel, United Nations
Kurdish insurgency
342
Osirak reactor
333, 335
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant’s (ISIL) see Syria
Israel
305, 332–333, 335–336, 338, 342–345, 348–349, 388, 418, 421, 440, 444
Al-Kibar see Syria
Begin doctrine
333, 345, 348
Osirak reactor see Iraq
Stuxnet computer virus see CybersecurityInternational humanitarian law, Iraq
Italy
7, 9–10, 46, 61, 188, 258, 266, 281, 340–341, 429–430, 492, 547, 573, 634
Japan
9, 11, 39, 58, 82, 109, 177, 306, 334, 340–342, 486–488, 522, 542
Fukushima, Industrial accidents, Seismic activities
Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
82
Jordan
333, 368
Jus cogens
348, 358, 514
Kazakhstan
61, 210
Kuwait
333–334, 341, 466, 635
Kyrgyz Republic
61
Landfill sites
234, 236
League of Arab States
81, 335, 338–339
League of Nations
51, 364, 398
Libya
333, 335, 467
Licence-holder
185, 190–191, 256
Industrial accidents, Prevention
Macedonia
334, 515
Malicious cyber activity see Cybersecurity
Margin of appreciation
65
Council of Europe, Human rights, Inter-American Court of Human Rights
Marshal Islands
334
Mass media
18, 125
Mauritius
82
Military and civil defence assets (MCDA)
77, 85–86
Guidelines on the Use of Foreign Military and Civil Defence Assets in Disaster Relief (Oslo Guidelines)
77
Mitigation
8
Climate change, Human rights, International environmental law
Mongolia
210, 334
Montenegro
35, 82, 593
Mutual Assistance see European Union
Mutual Supportiveness
519–520, 527
Natech
195, 197, 212, 264
National implementation
43, 84, 120, 139, 146, 192, 286, 291, 447, 532, 580, 603, 612, 615
Criminalization, European Union
National legislation
36
NATO
17, 55–56, 63, 77–79, 101, 123, 132–133, 138, 141, 148, 171–172, 174, 281, 303, 369, 412, 420, 429, 561, 574
CBRN, Cybersecurity, European Union, Preparedness, United Nations
NATO Combined Joint CBRN Defence Task Force
55
NATO/ Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council Guidelines on International Assistance in the Event of a CBRN Incident or Natural Disaster
78
NATO Guidelines for First Responders to a CBRN Incident
79
NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence
574
Pandemic Response Trust Fund
303
Naturally occurring events
69
Epidemic outbreaks, Floods, European Union, Human rights, Hurricane, Preparedness, Prevention, Response and recovery, Seismic activities, Volcanic eruptions
Netherlands
18, 46, 188, 215, 341, 346, 426, 429–430, 434, 475–476, 489, 512, 530, 569, 571
Nerve agents
365, 449
Terrorism
New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) African Union
80, 187
New technologies
561
Cybersecurity
New Zealand
347, 437, 522, 571–572
NGOs
73
CBRN
Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) International humanitarian law
10, 285–286, 335–336, 349, 408, 451
Non-proliferation see Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Biological weapons, chemical weapons, nuclear weapons
Non-State Actor (NSA)
119, 351, 621
CBRN
North Korea
9
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Norway
81, 189, 210, 512
Nuclear safety
201, 220
European Union, Fukushima, Industrial Accidents, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
Nuclear Suppliers Group
439, 442
Nuclear terrorism
111
Terrorism
Nuclear weapons
3, 13, 109–110, 113, 118, 142, 163–164, 331, 333, 335, 346, 361–362, 368–375, 380, 383, 385–387, 389, 417–437, 439–446, 458, 460, 475, 483, 487, 566, 581–583, 601, 620, 622, 624–626, 633–635, 637, 644, 646
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Depleted Uranium, Iran, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), North Korea, Terrorism
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL)
456
Dirty bombs
373
International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN)
426
Non-proliferation Treaty
369, 417, 421, 452, 467
Nuclear arsenals
418, 424, 428, 432
Nuclear deterrence
368, 420, 428–429, 434
Nuclear Weapons Free Zones (NWFZ)
417, 430
Nuclear-weapons possessing States (NWS)
418
Tactical nuclear weapons
371
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights see United Nations
One Health approach
528
Climate change, International environmental law, World Health Organization
Open-Ended Working Group (OEWG) see United Nations
Opportunité de la poursuite
607
Prosecute
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
13, 20, 178, 182–183, 186, 191, 193–198, 202, 206, 208, 211, 213–214, 217, 224–225, 229–230, 238, 271, 303
NEA Working Party on Nuclear Emergency Matters (WPNEM)
214
OECD Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)
186, 195–196, 198, 202, 206, 208, 213–214, 229
OECD Guiding Principles for Chemical Accidents, Prevention, Preparedness and Response
224
OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises
540, 547, 551–552, 555, 559
OECD Working Group on Chemical Accidents
225
Organisation for Security Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
Terrorism
Office of the Co-ordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental Activities (OCEEA)
40, 55
OSCE Charter on Preventing and Combating Terrorism
132
OSCE Plan of Action for Combating Terrorism
131–132
Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
22, 44, 66, 114, 122, 147, 339–340, 365, 398, 405–406, 408, 412–414, 448, 458, 471, 609, 625
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Chemical weapons
Fact-Finding Mission (FFM)
147, 337, 339–340, 413, 470
Investigation and Identification Team (IIT)
413, 471
OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism (JIM)
413, 470
OPCW-UN Joint Mission on the elimination of Syrian chemical weapons (JMIS)
470
Organization of American States (OAS)
57–58, 80, 135, 151, 281, 564, 568
Inter-American Convention to Facilitate Disaster Assistance
58
Inter-American Strategic Plan for Policy on Vulnerability Reduction, Risk Management and Disaster Response (IASP)
80
Outer space
383, 431, 458
Outer Space Treaty
431
Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
53, 81
Pakistan
59, 338, 418–419, 440, 444, 569
Paris Agreement
483
Climate Change, International environmental law, United Nations
Pathogenic microbes
396
Biological weapons, Chemical weapons
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
277, 550, 554–555, 557
COVID-19, International Labor Organization (ILO), Workers
Pesticides
10, 183, 219, 409, 523, 542–544, 554, 634
Poisoned weapons
581
Weapons
Poland
11, 82, 93–94, 188, 334, 341, 620
Polluter pays principle see International environmental law
Positive obligations
37
Prosecute
Precautionary principle see International environmental law
Preparedness
4–5, 7–10, 16, 18, 20–21, 26, 29, 33–34, 41, 43, 45–46, 49–67, 70, 73, 75, 78–80, 91, 97, 99, 107, 110, 112, 119, 123, 125–139, 149, 156–158, 160, 162–164, 166–168, 171–172, 174, 178, 180, 182–185, 188–189, 191, 194–196, 198, 201–217, 219, 224–226, 229–232, 238, 242–243, 246, 253–254, 258, 263, 267, 269–270, 272–273, 276–284, 286–292, 295, 299–301, 303, 307, 309, 311–314, 316–318, 326, 376, 410, 483–484, 489–490, 496–497, 519–520, 523–524, 527, 533–535, 540–541, 549, 552, 554–555, 558–559, 600, 606, 622, 643–646
CBRN industrial accidents
201–202, 204–205, 211, 214, 219–221, 231–232, 236–238, 244, 246, 474
CBRN terrorism
109–113, 115, 118–119, 122–123, 125–126, 129, 139, 141–146, 148–150, 152–154, 156, 159, 163–164, 171, 174, 309, 571, 601–602, 607–608
Rules of general scope
49
Prevention
4, 7–10, 16, 20, 23–24, 33–47, 50–52, 56, 58–61, 63, 71, 75–76, 79–81, 89, 91, 97, 107, 109–123, 126, 128–129, 131–134, 137, 139, 149, 152–153, 156–158, 164–166, 172, 174, 177–184, 186–198, 201, 204, 209–210, 213–214, 219, 221–222, 224–225, 230–233, 235–236, 238–242, 245–246, 253–254, 258, 263–267, 269–274, 276–277, 281, 287, 295, 299, 301, 311–313, 317, 325–326, 376, 388, 391–392, 400, 411, 414, 447, 450, 461, 464, 466, 474, 483, 491–492, 496–497, 502, 519–524, 527–528, 530–531, 533–535, 539–541, 548–550, 552, 554–557, 559, 562, 566, 569–573, 575, 586, 589, 592–593, 595, 600, 602, 605–606, 608, 613–614, 622, 626–628, 643–646
Disasters, Industrial accidents, United Nations
CBRN industrial and nuclear accidents
176–177
CBRN terrorism
109–113, 115, 118–119, 122–123, 125–126, 129, 139, 141–146, 148–150, 152–154, 156, 159, 163–164, 171, 174, 309, 571, 601–602, 607–608
Prevention measures
118, 122, 165–166, 181, 194, 201, 241, 265–266, 270, 272, 274, 549, 556
Prevention obligations
34–35, 37
Principle aut dedere aut iudicare see Extradite or prosecute
Private actors
3, 10, 17, 24, 28, 30, 189, 201, 219–220, 231, 375, 522, 524, 526, 534, 540, 544–546, 548, 552–553, 573, 620
Private companies
17
Private corporations and CBRN management
539
Private sector responsibilities
28, 30, 190
Human rights
Prosecute
112, 116, 143, 149–150, 152, 579–580, 582, 591–593, 595–596, 599–601, 605–616, 637–638
Crimes against humanity, Enforcement mechanisms, Genocide, International Criminal Court, Remedies, Victims, War crimes
Obligations to prosecute CBRN-related international crimes
599
Public consultation and participation
244
Public order
92–94, 96, 103, 156, 503
Public-private partnerships
17, 24, 551, 557
Radiation protection
186, 228, 248–249, 251–252, 254, 258
Radiological Weapons
372
Nuclear weapons
Radio-nuclear agents
12, 599
Nuclear weapons
Radio-nuclear hazards
Recovery see Response and recovery
Remedies
556
Enforcement mechanisms, Victims
Response and recovery
4–5, 7–10, 18, 21, 50, 57, 62, 69–73, 76, 79–80, 83, 85–88, 91, 141, 148–150, 152, 156, 158, 202, 219–221, 228–231, 245, 253–254, 260, 263, 277, 294–297, 299, 301–304, 306, 376, 483, 486, 489, 496, 520, 523, 541, 552, 556–557, 622, 645–646
CBRN industrial accidents
201–202, 204–205, 211, 214, 219–221, 231–232, 236–238, 244, 246, 474
CBRN terrorism
109–113, 115, 118–119, 122–123, 125–126, 129, 139, 141–146, 148–150, 152–154, 156, 159, 163–164, 171, 174, 309, 571, 601–602, 607–608
General obligations
118, 121, 240, 244–245, 297, 312, 392, 403, 596, 600, 615–616, 622, 647
Naturally occurring events
264, 294, 474, 645
Riot control agents
365, 403, 582
Risk Assessment
5, 39, 42, 45, 47, 115, 131, 188, 194, 197, 212, 230, 270–271, 274, 284, 322, 497, 534, 546, 554
Risk-reduction
40, 44, 87, 202, 212
Russian Federation
24, 40, 82, 179, 210, 223–224, 228, 335, 338, 341, 412, 462, 469, 471, 564, 567
Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), United States of America (USA)
USSR
396
Safety see Industrial accidents, Nuclear safety
Sanctions
64, 97, 118, 146, 152–153, 170, 260, 305, 413, 456–457, 459–460, 464, 466–468, 473, 475, 547, 550, 580, 604, 616
Criminalization, United Nations
Adopted by the UN Security Council
4
SARS-CoV2 see COVID-19 pandemic
Saudi Arabia
419
Sea
35–36, 51–52, 56, 79, 180, 225, 229, 259, 310, 345–346, 380, 386, 391, 431, 434, 449, 521, 524–526, 627, 629–630
International environmental law, Preparedness
Lawful activities
570, 629
Pollution at sea
225, 526
Safety of life at sea
52
Seabed Arms Treaty
431
UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
386, 521
Seismic activities
264
Disasters, Epidemic outbreaks, Floods, Hurricane, Volcanic eruptions
Self-defense see International humanitarian law
Seveso see European Union
Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
59, 136, 150, 283
China
Singapore
88, 334, 347
Slovakia
82
Slovenia
82, 93, 148, 188, 210
Social media
18, 157
Soft law
24, 38, 47, 49, 52, 54, 56, 66, 99–101, 103, 123, 126, 133, 138, 142–143, 145, 149–150, 152, 163, 178, 186, 194, 197, 201, 207, 211, 217, 274, 278, 282–283, 290–291, 558, 574, 645, 647
Solidarity Clause see European Union
South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC)
59, 81, 137, 150
South Korea
129, 334
South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty see Nuclear Weapons Free Zones (NWFZ)
Sri Lanka
59, 82, 84, 119, 335
State responsibility
50, 304, 492, 525–526, 539, 566, 569, 571, 574, 600, 612, 620, 626–627, 632
United Nations
obligations of conduct
193, 391, 498, 601, 612, 614
obligations of result
601
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
125, 418
Sudan
335–338, 342, 352, 587
Sweden
81, 189, 210, 250, 341, 507–508, 512
Syria
109, 125, 147, 154, 333, 335–336, 338–341, 344–345, 349, 352–353, 355, 365, 412–413, 449, 459, 463, 468–473, 475–476, 582, 590, 636–637
International humanitarian law, United Nations
Al-Kibar
333, 335, 344–345, 348
Al-Shayrat military airbase
339
Chemical attacks
125, 165, 340, 342, 413, 463, 468, 471, 476, 582
Douma
340
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant’s (ISIL)
336, 338
Khan Shaykhun
147, 339–340
OPCW-UN Joint Mission on the elimination of Syrian chemical weapons (JMIS) see Organisation for the prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)
470
Syrian civil war
147, 335–336, 339–340, 412, 449, 455, 463–465, 469–473, 487, 636
Technological Hazard
178
Telecommunication
39, 51, 77, 83, 88, 571
Terrorism
3–5, 9, 18, 21–23, 44, 52, 62, 69, 94, 97, 102, 109–119, 121–123, 125–139, 141–154, 156–160, 163–167, 170–171, 173–174, 288, 309, 338, 350–351, 372, 411, 443–445, 450–451, 486, 492, 494, 511, 566, 571, 599–602, 604, 607–609, 613, 622–623, 631–632, 639, 645, 648
Al-Qaeda, CBRN terrorism, European Union, OSCE, Preparedness, Prevention, Response and recovery, United Nations, United States of America
Bioterrorism
11, 18, 152, 167
Fight against terrorism
94, 134–136, 152, 156, 158–159, 609
Financing of terrorism
112, 119, 122, 128–129, 131, 156, 159, 602
Hybrid threats
157, 171–172, 247
Nuclear terrorism
18, 109, 111, 113, 116–117, 123, 129, 131, 143, 372, 443–445, 599, 602
Terrorist actions
50, 112
Terrorist attacks
3
Textile industry
543
Toxins
179, 366–367, 396, 399–400, 409–410, 447, 450, 543, 582
Training
40–41, 43, 46, 62, 79, 126, 131–132, 134, 136–137, 148–149, 161–162, 166, 168, 180, 182, 188, 190, 206, 210, 212, 216, 242, 249, 256, 267, 279–280, 285, 317, 361, 484, 497, 525, 549, 554
Transboundary harm
35
United Nations
Transnational crimes
604
Criminalization
Transparency
78, 100, 128, 367, 399, 401–402, 407, 461, 488, 507, 551, 568
Tunisia
333
Turkey
38, 290, 333, 336, 338, 419, 429, 493–494, 546, 605, 610–611, 614–615
Uganda
334, 621
United Kingdom
119, 139, 176, 262, 333, 350, 408, 418, 428, 440, 491–492, 571
United Nations
5–6, 11, 16–17, 20, 26, 29, 37, 41, 51–52, 54, 72, 74, 76–77, 79, 88, 95, 109, 118, 121, 125, 130, 141, 143, 146–147, 173, 180, 197, 212, 220, 233, 238, 259, 291, 294, 300, 319, 333, 338, 385, 397, 406, 412, 428, 456, 473, 539, 548, 551, 564, 568, 595, 599, 619, 621, 631, 635
AIDS, Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Climate change, Disaster Risk Reduction, European Union, Human rights, International environmental law, NATO, Sanctions, Sea, World Health Organization, World Trade Organization
AIDS, Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Climate change, Disaster Risk Reduction, European Union, Human rights, International environmental law, NATO, Sanctions, Sea, World Health Organization, World Trade Organization
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
482
Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
485
Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel
51
Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC)
16, 18, 296, 486
Operational Guidelines on the Protection of Persons in Situations of Natural Disasters
16, 296
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
304, 344–347, 361, 369, 383, 387, 453, 457, 473–474, 572, 583, 609, 613, 648
International Law Commission (ILC)
190, 291, 346–348, 384, 386–387, 393, 424, 435, 483, 568, 589, 605, 609, 620, 623, 644
Draft Articles on Prevention of Transboundary Harm from Hazardous Activities
190, 521, 572, 626
Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (2001)
129, 159, 183, 573, 595, 612, 620
Draft Articles on the Protection of persons in the event of disasters
483, 606, 623, 644
Draft Conclusions on the Identification of Customary International Law
435
Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)
300
Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
300, 488
UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
40, 79–80, 87
UN Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
54
UN General Assembly (UNGA)
5–6, 8, 16, 18, 20–21, 28–29, 34, 37, 41, 49–50, 52–53, 62, 70, 74–76, 78
UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy
21–23
UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic (HRC-COI) see Syria
UN Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI)
18–19, 54
United Nations (UN) Charter
3–10, 16–17, 19–23, 25–26, 29, 37, 72–74
UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
4–5, 78–80, 87–88
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
77–78
UN Security Council (UNSC)
3–4, 6–7, 21–22, 29, 63
UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE)
181, 186, 192, 194, 196, 216, 220–223, 234
UN Environmental Programme (UNEP)
183, 194–195, 211–213, 238
Awareness and Preparedness for Emergencies at Local Level (APELL) programme
195, 212
Chemical Accident Prevention and Preparedness (CAPP)
195, 213, 238
UN General Assembly (UNGA)
128, 130, 143–145, 154, 176, 212, 269, 279–280, 288, 291, 295–296, 300–302, 333, 335–336, 364, 369, 380, 385, 388, 459, 465, 472, 564, 589, 609, 636
UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy
130
UN Group of Governmental Experts (UNGGE)
567
UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
540, 546
UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC)
463, 485
Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic (HRC-COI)
413, 472, 487
Syria
United Nations (UN) Charter
142, 220, 233, 259, 271, 294, 319, 428, 456, 473, 539, 564, 568, 595, 599, 619, 621, 631, 635
UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR)
176, 194, 202, 212
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
195, 224
UN Security Council (UNSC)
109–113, 115–116, 118–123, 129–130, 142, 145–147, 294, 301–302, 331, 333–335, 337, 340, 352, 365, 386, 388, 400, 411–413, 429, 432, 440–441, 449, 460, 467, 608–609, 645
United States of America (USA)
61, 81, 109, 129, 179, 223–224, 296, 306, 334, 412, 435, 475, 486, 564
Civil Justice for Victims of China-Originated Viral Infections Diseases (COVID) Act
294, 305
see COVID-19 pandemic
Federal Emergency Management Agency
18, 61
Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 (FSIA)
305
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
419, 467
Iran
Nuclear Posture Review
420
Stuxnet computer virus see Cyber-attacks
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
306
United States Department of Defence (US DoD)
360–361
Vaccines
98
COVID-19 pandemic, European Union, United Nations
Venezuela
61, 285, 490
Victims
619
Compensation, Remedies, Terrorism
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT)
424, 453, 582
Vietnam War
380
International humanitarian law
Volcanic eruptions
10, 264
Disasters, Epidemic outbreaks, Floods, Hurricane, Seismic activities
Vulnerable groups
see Disability
War crimes see Crimes against humanity, Genocide, International Criminal Court, Prosecute
Waste treatment
254
European Union, International environmental law
Weapons
3–4, 7, 9, 11–13, 21–23, 33, 44, 66, 72, 109–114, 116–119, 123, 125, 129, 135, 139, 142–143, 147, 149, 152, 157, 159–160, 163–166, 170–172, 279, 329, 331–343, 346, 349–354, 358–377, 380–383, 385–387, 389, 393, 396–414, 417–437, 439–452, 456–463, 465–473, 475–476, 483–485, 487, 492, 494, 502, 566, 581–585, 589–591, 596, 601, 603, 609, 620, 622, 624–626, 633–638, 644–646
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)
109–110, 129, 132, 142–143, 159–160, 166, 332–335, 337–339, 352, 361, 372, 399, 407, 410–412, 418, 429, 431, 439, 446, 458, 460, 463, 467, 487, 620, 633
see also Arms control and disarmament law (ACDL), Biological weapons, CBRN weapons, Chemical weapons, Conventional weapons, Poisoned weapons, Nuclear weapons, Radiological Weapons
Western European Nuclear Regulators’ Association
258
European Union
Witnesses
144, 148, 152
Prosecute
Workers
18–19, 40, 181–182, 190, 193, 211, 222, 248, 260, 266, 277, 280, 302, 488, 498, 540, 544, 549–550, 554–555, 559
Industrial accidents, International Labour Organization (ILO), Prevention
Protection
181
World Bank
24, 64–65, 213, 277, 287–288
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)
57, 65, 80
International Working Group on Financing Pandemic Preparedness
286
Pandemic Emergency Financing Facility
287
Regional Disease Surveillance Systems Enhancement Program
287
World Customs Organization
77–78
Customs
World Health Organization (WHO)
6–7, 17, 19, 22, 25, 29, 50–51, 86, 143, 170, 194–195, 211–213, 221, 268–273, 276–280, 282–285, 287–291, 298–307, 369, 410, 412, 529
AIDS, COVID-19, Cross border threats to health, H1N1, Human health, United Nations
After Action Reviews (AAR)
304
Asia Pacific Strategy for Emerging Diseases and Public Health Emergencies (APSED III)
283, 299
Global public health
205, 230
International Health Regulations (2005)
204, 221, 238, 266, 268, 271–272, 276, 278, 283, 289, 298, 303–304, 306, 474, 483
International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS)
211
Monitoring and Evaluation Framework
289, 304
National Focal Points
304
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework
273, 276, 278, 282, 284, 289, 300
Review Committee on the Functioning of the International Health Regulations (2005) during the COVID-19 Response
204, 271, 276, 296, 303
WHO Chemical Risk Assessment Network
211
WHO Global Chemicals and Health Network
211
World Health Assembly (WHA)
205, 211, 230, 268–269, 274, 278, 284, 289, 298, 300, 302, 304, 306–307
World Organization for Animal Health (OIE)
411
World Trade Organization (WTO)
411
Zoonoses
527–528
COVID-19 pandemic, Cross border threats to health, Epidemic outbreaks, Human health
Zoonotic epidemics
527