Ad Hoc Open-Ended Informal Working Group on Marine Biodiversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction
see bbnj Working Group
Adjacency
20 –23 , 29 , 36 , 77 , 106 , 110 –111
Unilateral
20
Multilateral
20
Adjudicative jurisdiction
see
jurisdiction
African Union (AU)
363
Agreement on Port State Measures (psma)
319 , 329
see also
port state measures
see also
port state jurisdiction
Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas
Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean (caofa) (2018)
122 –123
Aichi Biodiversity Targets
211 , 220 , 235 –236 , 259
see also
Convention on Biological Diversity
Allott, Philip
55 –56 , 73 , 279 , 284 –287 , 291 , 297
Power modifiers
56 , 73
Anthropocene
37 , 119 , 161 , 163 , 167 , 263 , 292
see also human-centric law
125
Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (The Gambia v Myanmar)
401
Arctic Ocean
228 –229 , 237
Arctic Sunrise Arbitration (Kingdom of the Netherlands v. Russian Federation)
340 –341 , 397 , 404
Area, passim
see also
areas beyond national jurisdiction (abnj)
see also
areas within national jurisdiction (awnj)
see also
Common Heritage of Mankind (chm)
Area-based management tools (abmts)
4 , 19 , 66 , 70 , 96 , 106 , 107 , 111 , 139 , 174 , 189 , 205 –218 , 220 , 223 , 224 , 231 , 235 –241 , 243 , 246 –248 , 265 , 269 , 278 , 304 , 305 , 311 , 330 , 350 , 354 , 357 , 363 , 386 , 389 , 424 , 427 , 429 , 436
see also
marine protected areas (mpas)
see also
areas of particular environmental interest (apeis)
Areas beyond national jurisdiction (abnj), passim
see also
Area
see also
high seas
Areas of particular environmental interest (apeis)
218 –222 , 239
see also
Area-based management tools
Areas Within National Jurisdiction (awnj)
2 –4 , 6 , 12 , 17 –18 , 80 , 102 , 104 –108 , 111 , 182 , 184 , 193 , 214 , 235 –238 , 241 , 245 , 247 , 260 , 267 , 269 , 271 , 273 , 292 , 304 –305 , 363 , 421 , 425 , 434 –438
Århus Convention (ac) 1998
156 –158
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (asean)
363 , 411
Australian Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Act (1975)
334
Barbados v Trinidad and Tobago
404
Barcelona Convention
see
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean
Barcelona Traction Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company, Limited (Belgium v. Spain)
340 , 399
Baselines
2 , 37 , 46 , 102 , 438
bbnj Agreement
4 , 6 –8 , 10 –12 , 45 , 74 , 168 –169 , 196 , 202 , 203 , 244 , 311 –312 , 314 –315 , 422 –426 , 428 , 430 –440 3 , 7 , 45 , 65 , 66 , 71 –73 , 97 , 101 , 111 , 108 , 139 –143 , 206 , 212 –215 , 220 , 330 , 236 , 239 , 241 , 329 –330 , 348 –350 , 356 –357 , 366 , 373 –374 , 390 , 425 –426 , 428 , 434 –436 , 438
Draft bbnj Agreement
3 , 7 , 65 , 74 , 97 , 138 , 141 , 143 , 169
article 1
212
article 4
65 , 139
article 5
138 , 139
article 9
69 , 70 , 138
article 10
69
article 13
70
article 15
214
Article 4
435 , 436
article 5
144
article 8
140
article 9
141
article 10
141
article 14
212 –214
article 22
71
article 24
71
article 27
71
article 29
71
article 30
71
article 31
71
article 38
71
article 42
71
article 44
71
bbnj Working Group
76 , 96 –97 , 134 , 175 , 187 –189 , 191 –193 , 197 , 212 , 299 , 361 , 364 , 407
Bering Sea Pollock Convention (1994)
122
Biodiversity (in Areas) Beyond National Jurisdiction (bbnj)
1 , 4 –12 , 14 , 16 –17 , 19 –20 , 39 , 41 –42 , 45 , 68 , 72 , 74 , 76 , 78 –80 , 85 –86 , 93 , 95 , 97 , 100 , 106 –108 , 110 –112 , 115 , 117 , 138 , 145 , 147 , 153 –154 , 162 , 167 –169 , 173 –177 , 179 , 181 , 183 –193 , 195 –205 , 207 , 212 , 214 , 216 , 223 –225 , 235 , 237 , 240 , 242 –244 , 246 –260 , 262 –273 , 286 –287 , 297 , 299 , 301 –304 , 308 , 311 –312 , 314 –315 , 318 –319 , 330 , 347 –351 , 353 –361 , 363 –370 , 374 –379 , 388 –392 , 394 , 414 , 416 , 422 –428 , 430 –440
camlr Convention
see
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
cbd
see
Convention on Biological Diversity
Capacity building and the transfer of marine technology (cbtmt)
417
Caribbean Community (caricom)
299 , 363
Chagos Islands Marine Protected Area Arbitration, (Mauritius v. United Kingdom)
63 –64 , 120 , 338 , 397
Charlie-Gibbs South Marine Protected Area
227
Coastal waters
16 , 21 , 29 , 40 , 85 , 109 , 296 , 319 , 335
Coastal state
2 –4 , 7 , 10 , 19 , 20 , 31 , 34 , 46 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 55 –57 , 60 , 61 , 63 , 64 , 66 , 67 , 70 , 74 , 77 –87 , 101 –112 , 214 , 225 , 227 –229 , 237 –238 , 240 –241 , 305 , 319 , 322 , 331 , 395 , 399 , 404 , 418 , 426 , 428 , 434 –438
Columbia River Treaty (crt), Treaty between Canada and the United States of America relating to Cooperative Development of the Water Resources of The Columbia River Basin 1961
48 –51 , 54
Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna
405 , 409
Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic, see ospar Commission
199 , 216 , 225 –230 , 232 , 235 , 237 –241 , 279 , 299 , 312 –313 , 362 , 369 , 377 –397 , 411
Charlie-Gibbs South Marine Protected Area
227
Milne Seamount Complex Marine Protected Area
227
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
259 , 261
see also
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1967 (icescr)
Common concern
11 , 75 , 259 , 344 , 346 , 350
Common Heritage of Mankind (chm)
2 , 18 , 59 , 68 , 79 , 87 , 100 , 114 , 124 , 127 , 131 –134 , 140 –143 , 182 , 195 , 202 , 290 , 354 , 393 , 423
see also
Area
non-appropriation
89 , 139 , 141
protection and preservation of the marine environment
90 , 98 , 120 , 132 , 137 , 156 , 177 , 182 , 208 , 233 , 236 , 239 , 383 , 406 , 425 , 430 , 438
sharing of benefits
5 , 90 –94 , 97 –98 , 135 –137 , 142 , 146 , 180 , 183 , 193 , 197 , 201 , 252 –263 , 266 , 267 , 269 , 271 –273 , 350 , 354 , 426
Use for peaceful purposes
69 , 89 , 93 , 127
Common-pool resources (cprs)
355 –356
Community interest
88 , 93 , 109 , 112 , 202 , 403 , 423 , 431 , 433
Consent
261 , 328 , 419
Conference on the Progressive Codification of International Law held at The Hague
31
Construction, design, equipment or manning (cdem)
333
see also
navigation
Constructivist approach
277 , 290 , 299 , 314
Constitutive consequences of law
287
Construct of social spaces
287 , 312 , 314 , 432
Continental shelf
2 , 3 , 32 –33 , 36 , 80 –87 , 109 , 111 , 227 –229 , 240 , 288 , 289 , 395 , 435 , 437 –438
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (camlr Convention)
216 , 225 , 230 –240 , 362 , 378 , 381 , 383 , 386
article 11
232
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean (Barcelona Convention)
362 , 381 , 383 , 384 , 386
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and Coastal Area of the South-East Pacific
362
Convention for the Protection of the Natural Resources and Environment of the South Pacific Region
362
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (ospar Convention)
216 , 225 , 299 , 362 , 411
article 24
382
Convention on Biological Diversity (cbd)
6 , 11 , 94 , 111 , 120 , 151 –152 , 174 –204 , 209 –211 , 216 , 223 –226 , 232 , 235 –236 , 239 , 251 –252 , 261 , 263 , 265 , 299 , 358 , 270 , 299 , 302 , 358 –359 , 378 , 389 , 424 , 429 , 431
see also
Aichi Biodiversity Targets
see also
Subsidiary Body on Science, Technical and Technological Advice (sbstta)
article 4
182 , 183 , 185 , 198 , 210 , 359
article 5
183 , 188
article 6
225
article 8
111 , 189 , 209 , 225
article 14
191
article 22
201
Mo’otz Kuxtal Guidelines
261 –262
Convention on the Continental Shelf (1958)
See
Geneva Conventions on the law of the sea (1958)
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources in the High Seas (1958)
see
Geneva Conventions on the law of the sea (1958)
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (1983)
360
Convention on the Continental Shelf
see
Geneva Conventions on the law of the sea (1958)
Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone
see
Geneva Conventions on the law of the sea (1958)
Coordination Research Centres (crcs)
372 , 373 , 389 , 390
Council of Europe Agreement on Illicit Traffic at Sea (1995)
326
Creeping coastal state jurisdiction
19
see also
adjacency
Customary law
227 , 344 , 404
Declaration on the maritime zone
32 , 82
Deep-sea mining activities
99 , 110 , 313
Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary between Bangladesh and Myanmar in the Bay of Bengal (Bangladesh/Myanmar)
404
Dispute settlement
12 , 392 –420 , 424 , 429 , 430 , 433 , 438
Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea (doalos)
366
Ecologically or biologically significant areas (ebsas)
133 , 183 , 191 , 224 , 427
Economic and Social Council (ecosoc)
365 , 375
Ecosystem approach
4 , 7 , 108 , 111 , 143 –144 , 180 , 190 –191 , 252 , 255 , 256 , 267 , 273 , 315 , 429 , 434
Enforcement
30 , 38 , 121 , 123 , 318 , 320 –326 , 328 –337 , 340 , 342 –349 , 351 , 373 , 379 , 389 , 393 , 395 , 400 , 414 , 416 , 427 318 , 320 –323 , 326 , 330 –331 , 347
see also
jurisdiction
at-sea enforcement
318 , 322 –326 , 328 –330 , 347 –348
enforcing state
320 , 324 –326 , 329 , 334 , 340 , 346 , 350
ex-post enforcement
318 , 323 –324 , 326 , 328 , 329 –332 , 337 , 346 –347 , 348 –349 , 351 , 427
general enforcement
321 , 332
Enrica Lexie (Italy v. India)
348
Environmental Impact Assessment (eia)
5 , 66 , 71 , 96 , 139 , 171 , 192 , 270 , 278 , 354
Erga omnes
112 , 399 –402 , 405 –407 , 416 , 420
Equity, passim
see also
justice
inter-generational equity
132 , 136 –138 , 143 , 144 , 146 , 237 , 249 , 428 –430 , 433 –434
intra-generational equity
136 –137 , 142 –146 , 201 , 237 , 249 , 428 –430 , 433 –434
Escazú Agreement (ea), Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the Caribbean, 4 March 2020
158 –160
Article 2
159
European Union (EU)
194 , 363
Exclusive Economic Zone (eez)
2 , 20 , 36 , 46 , 79 , 102 , 177 , 283 , 395 , 428 , 435
Executive Secretary of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (eclac)
159
Ex situ
69
Fisheries case (UK v. Norway)
34 , 81
Fisheries Jurisdiction Case (UK v Iceland)
49 , 60
Fisheries Jurisdiction Case (Federal Republic of Germany v Iceland)
49
Fish Stocks Agreement (unfsa) (1995)
49 , 58 , 66 , 69 , 74 , 79 , 86 , 104 –107 , 111 –112 , 114 , 119 –122 , 136 , 137 , 139 , 181 , 203 , 210 , 283 , 305 –306 , 313 , 328 , 360 , 369 , 374 , 376 , 392 , 398 , 406 , 408 –410 , 434 –435
Article 5
435
Article 8
121
Article 30
408 –410
Flag State
3 , 4 , 5 , 11 , 17 , 27 , 51 , 56 , 58 –59 , 66 , 69 , 103 , 105 , 119 , 306 , 313 , 316 –330 , 337 , 339 –345 , 347 –348 , 351 , 431
see also
non-flag state
see also flag state jurisdiction
3 , 5 , 11 , 66 , 313 , 316 –331 , 336 –351 , 431 , 438
Exclusivity
317 , 319 , 320 , 322 –323 , 326 –328 , 330 , 347 , 351
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (fao)
299 , 300 , 353 , 360 , 368 , 380
Freedom of the high seas
2 , 8 , 10 , 60 –62 , 68 , 77 –78 , 82 –83 , 88 , 93 –95 , 97 , 107 –110 , 114 –126 , 134 –142 , 144 –146 , 180 –181 , 201 –202 , 282 –283 , 288 , 330 , 366 , 405 , 423 , 426 , 428 , 429 –431
see also
high seas
see also
Mare liberum-doctrine
free, prior informed consent (fpic)
254 , 261
Geneva Conventions on the law of the sea (1958)
80 , 82 , 83 , 85 , 396
Convention on the Continental Shelf (csc)
80 , 83
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources of the High Seas
73 , 80 , 83 , 118
Convention on the High Seas
58 , 60 , 83 , 118 , 325
Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone
80
Optional Protocol of Signature concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes
80
Geographical extent/geographical terms
333
Governance
4 –5 , 7 –14 , 17 , 25 , 35 , 39 , 42 , 77 , 79 , 86 , 89 –90 , 101 , 107 –109 , 111 , 115 , 129 , 143 –144 , 148 –162 , 167 –169 , 171 –172 , 174 , 180 , 184 , 200 –202 , 242 –244 , 247 , 253 –255 , 262 –264 , 268 , 273 , 276 –279 , 289 , 301 , 308 –309 , 312 –313 , 315 , 350 , 353 –360 , 363 , 369 , 370 –371 , 373 , 377 , 379 –382 , 387 –390 , 422 , 426 –427 , 431 , 433 –436
see also
governing of the commons
see also
polycentric governance
Grotius
27 –29 , 78 , 115 –117 , 120 , 426
see also
freedom of the high seas
see also
tragedy of the commons
High seas, passim
Halpin
50 –52
An aggregate-level analysis
52
(Innumerable) individual legal relations
52
Hohfeld
10 , 45 –75 , 426
Disability
47 , 48 , 50 –51 , 58 , 59 , 61
Duties/obligations
46 , 49 –52 , 58 , 60 , 63 , 65 –66 , 69 –71 , 73 –75
Contradictories/jural opposites
47 –48
Immunity
47 –48 , 50 –51 , 54 , 58 , 61 , 62
Jural correlatives
47 –48
Liability
47 –48 , 50 , 51 , 53 –54 , 56 , 61 , 70 , 73
No-right
47 –49
Power
45 –75
Privilege (liberty)
47 –48 , 73 –74
Rights
46 –47 , 52 , 54 –55 , 57 , 60 , 61 –74
Human-centric law
125
Humankind
28 , 83 , 87 , 89 , 90 , 97 , 100 , 114 , 124 –135 , 138 –139 , 141 –143 , 247 , 259 , 346
see also
common heritage of mankind (chm)
Human rights
158 , 243 , 251 , 255 –265 , 269 –274 , 296 , 328 , 427 , 429
see also
science
Hydrothermal vents
41 , 353
indigenous (knowledge)
42 , 152 –154 , 158 –163 , 165 , 167 , 169 –170 , 172 , 254 , 261 –263 , 271 , 296 , 302 , 380 , 382 , 387 , 426 , 429
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (ioc)
299 , 360
in situ
69 , 133
Internal waters
33 , 83 , 329 , 332
International Cable Protection Committee
375
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (iccpr)
296
article 27
296
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1967 (icescr)
257 –259
see also
Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (icrw) (1946)
339 , 360 , 402
International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (imo, 2001)
336
International Court of Justice (icj)
59 , 324 , 394 , 401
International Forestry Resources and Institutions (ifri)
372
International Law Commission (ilc)
54 , 79 , 82 , 83 , 101 , 117 –118 , 401
International Legally Binding Instrument (ilbi)
see
bbnj Agreement
International Maritime Organization (imo)
254 , 336 , 360 , 368 , 375 , 378
International Seabed Authority (isa)
86 , 90 , 92 –93 , 97 –99 , 114 , 126 –130 , 133 , 135 , 136 , 138 , 140 , 182 , 189 , 192 , 207 –208 , 216 –230 , 237 , 239 , 240 , 254 , 290 , 299 , 360 , 363 , 368 , 375 , 404
Mining Code
98 , 133 , 290
see also
Regional Environmental Management Plans (remps)
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (itlos)
58 , 99 , 110 , 127 , 318 , 394 –395 , 398 , 400 , 403 –405 , 411 –415
see also
individual case entries
Jurisdiction, passim
see also
port state jurisdiction
see also
prescriptive jurisdiction
see also
territorial jurisdiction
adjudicative jurisdiction
320 , 323 , 325 , 336 –337
enforcement jurisdiction
318 , 320 –334 , 342 –347
Extra-territorial jurisdiction
17 , 325 , 333 –338 , 342 , 344 , 346 , 349 –350
Justice
8 , 37 , 59 , 79 , 81 , 85 , 87 , 89 , 93 , 100 , 112 , 145 , 146 , 147 , 154 , 157 –159 , 168 , 171 , 200 –201 , 203 , 237 , 241 , 246 , 248 , 253 , 273 , 324 , 392 –394 , 401 , 413 , 417 –418 , 420 , 421 –422 , 424 , 428 –430 , 432 –433
see also
equity
knowledge, passim
see also
science
‘Land dominates the sea’-doctrine
23 , 34 , 36 , 81
Large Marine Ecosystems (lmes)
363
Legal Consequences of the Separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965
64 , 413
losc
see
United Nations Convention on the law of the Sea 1982
Lotus judgement
47 , 53 , 59 , 324 , 325
The M/V ‘Louisa’ Case, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines v Kingdom of Spain
51 , 58
see also
itlos
Mare liberum-doctrine
16 , 22 , 27 , 29 , 115
see also
Hugo Grotius
see also
freedom of the high seas
Mankind
see
Humankind
Marine biological diversity
4 –5 , 7 , 45 , 138 , 143 , 146 , 176 , 187 –188 , 191 , 205 , 210 , 299 , 307 , 309 , 354 , 358 , 374 , 428
see also
bbnj
Marine genetic resources (mgr’s)
4 , 8 , 17 , 19 , 41 , 66 –70 , 74 –75 , 77 , 79 , 83 , 86 , 94 –97 , 100 , 106 –107 , 110 –111 , 113 , 133 –134 , 138 , 140 –142 , 145 , 147 , 174 , 176 –179 , 181 –186 , 188 , 193 –195 , 197 , 200 –202 , 243 –248 , 253 –254 , 258 –259 , 266 –268 , 271 –272 , 291 , 301 , 304 , 350 , 353 –354 , 359 , 374 , 407 , 417 , 423 , 426 –427
Marine protected area (mpa)
4 , 7 , 11 , 17 , 19 , 63 , 64 , 66 , 70 , 96 , 111 –112 , 120 , 123 , 133 , 139 , 143 , 174 , 177 , 181 , 183 , 188 –191 , 203 , 205 –208 , 211 –215 , 220 , 223 –229 , 231 –241 , 243 , 245 , 246 , 248 , 270 , 354 , 359 , 363 , 369 , 377 , 424 –425 , 427 , 429 , 436
see also
area-based management tools
see also
areas of particular environmental interest
Maritime zones
4 , 33 , 40 –41 , 111 , 119 , 226 , 240 , 288 , 321 , 354 , 358 , 395 , 404 , 434 , 438
Miljönämnden I Helsingborgs kommun v. HH Ferries and Sundbusserne, Svea Court of Appeal (Swedish judgement) (Miljööverdomstolen)
333
Milne Seamount Complex Marine Protected Area
227
Mineral resources
3 , 18 , 59 , 79 , 81 , 90 , 95 , 98 , 128 –129 , 133 –134 , 184 –185 , 195 , 201 , 423 , 425
MOX Plant (Ireland v United Kingdom) Provisional Measures
404 , 410 , 411
Nagoya Protocol (2010)
193 , 195 , 197
article 10
193 , 194
article 22
197
article 23
197
National Ganga Rights Movement (ngrm)
162
Navigation
21 , 28 , 58 –59 , 115 , 117 , 140 , 247 , 282 , 315 , 324 , 330 , 338 , 340 , 343 , 348
see also
construction, design, equipment or manning (cdem)
commercial shipping
335
New International Economic Order (nieo)
88 –89 , 124
Non-compliance procedures (ncps)
12 , 194 , 415 , 416
Non-flag State
316 –319 , 321 , 322 , 323 , 325 –328 , 330 –331 , 336 , 338 , 341 , 345 –351 , 427 , 431 , 438
see also
flag states
Non-governmental organizations (ngos)
362 , 367
Norstar (Panama v. Italy)
57 –59 , 318 , 320 , 323 –324 , 230 , 341 , 348 , 404
Northeast Atlantic Fisheries Commission (neafc)
216 , 229 –231 , 299 –300 , 312 , 369
Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Commission (nafo)
300
Ocean Biodiversity Information System
390
Ocean centered governance
426 , 431
see also
governance
Ocean commons
10 , 14 –20 , 29 , 33 , 37 –39 , 41 –44 , 115 , 122 , 156 , 423 , 432 , 433
Office for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea of the United Nations Secretariat
177 , 180 , 198
see also
Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea
Ocean genome
245 –246 , 255 , 258 , 270
ospar Commission
see
Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic
Ostrom, Elinor
12 , 355 –358 , 369 –375 , 377 , 379 –391 , 427 , 431
see also
governance
see also
polycentric Governance
Participatory Rights for Nature (PRfN)
153 –154 , 156 –158 , 160 , 162 , 167 –168 , 170 –171 , 429
see
Rights for Nature (RfN)
Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis of 1559
26
Permanent sovereignty over natural resources, UN General Assembly resolution 1803 (xvii) of 14 December 1962
85
Pew Charitable Trust
130 –131
Polycentric governance (of cprs)
12 , 355 , 357 , 369 , 370 , 379 , 390 , 427 , 431
see also
Governance
Port state jurisdiction
317 , 323 , 324 –326 , 328 –329 , 331 –336 , 341 , 344 , 347 , 349
see also
jurisdiction
see also
port state measures
Port state measures
318 , 323 , 326 , 328 –329 , 335 –336 , 345 –346 , 351
Port states, passim
Power, passim
Prescriptive jurisdiction
318 –322 , 324 , 326 , 328 , 333 , 335 –336 , 343 , 345 –346 , 349
see also
jurisdiction
Procedural rights for nature
153 , 154 , 156 –158 , 162 , 167 , 168 , 170 –171 , 425
see also
Rights for Nature (RfN)
see also
Rights of Nature (RoN)
Proliferation Security Initiative (psi)
327
protective principle
337 , 343 , 350
see also
security principle
Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air (2000)
326
see also
United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime
Protocol to the 1988 Suppression of Unlawful Acts (sua) Convention
327
Questions relating to the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium v. Senegal)
401
Reasonableness
346
Regional activity centers (racs)
361
Regional coordinating units (rcus)
361 , 381
Regional Environmental Management Plans (remps)
217 –223 , 239 , 240
Clarion-Clipperton Zone (ccz)
219 , 221
Regional Fisheries Management Organization (rfmo)
6 , 104 , 105 , 114 , 119 , 121 –124 , 136 –138 , 146 , 199 , 229 –231 , 237 , 239 , 278 , 286 , 300 , 303 , 306 , 309 , 312 –313 , 315 , 328 , 360 , 368 , 375 –376 , 405 –407 , 409 –410 , 413 , 417
Regional seas organization (rso)
361 –362 , 368 , 377 , 378 , 381 , 383 , 386 –390
Regional seas programmes (rsp)
356 –358 , 361 , 367 , 368 –370 , 376 –377 , 381 , 387 –391
Request for an advisory opinion by Sub-regional fisheries Commission, itlos Case No
21 , 51 , 338 , 413
Res communis omnium
28
see also
common heritage of mankind
Res nullius
18 , 19 282
Resolution unsc 1874 (2009) on the security situation in North Korea
327
Responsibilities and Obligations of States sponsoring persons and entities with respect to activities in the Area, February 1, 2011 (Certain Activities)
51 , 99 , 192 , 248 , 404
see also
itlos
Rights for Nature (RfN)
153 –154 , 156 , 168 , 169 , 172 , 425 , 429
see also
procedural rights for nature
Rights of Nature (RoN)
153 –154 , 160 –161 , 168 –169 , 172 , 425 –426
Rio+20
359
Saiga Case (No.2) (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines v. Guinea)
340 , 341 , 404
‘San Padre Pio’ Case, (Switzerland v Nigeria) (2019)
52
Sargasso Sea Commission
363
Science
9 , 11 , 14 , 234 , 238 , 242 –243 , 246 –247 , 250 , 252 , 255 –273 , 276 , 292 , 315 , 360 , 372 , 425 –429 , 432
Human right to science
11 , 242 , 243 , 256 –270 , 273 , 425 , 427 , 429
Legal science
426
Seabed Disputes Chamber (sdc)
53 , 99 –101 , 110 , 112 , 127 , 131 , 133 , 248 , 400 , 404 , 413
see also
itlos
see also
Responsibilities and Obligations of States sponsoring persons and entities with respect to activities in the Area, February 1, 2011 (Certain Activities), advisory opinion
Seabed mining
87 , 91 , 93 , 98 , 100 , 124 , 126 , 127 , 130 , 136 , 313 , 316 , 355 , 375
Security principle
343
see also
protective principle
Shared seas
361
Ships, passim
‘ship as a unit’-doctrine
340 , 341
Social Construction of the Oceans
8 , 39 , 275 , 279 , 280 –281 , 284 , 293 , 298 , 308 , 315
see also
Steinberg
Southern Bluefin Tuna Cases (New Zealand v. Japan; Australia v. Japan)
338 , 397 , 409 –412
South China Sea Arbitration (The Republic of Philippines v. The People’s Republic of China)
397
South China Sea Award, Philippines v China, Award, 12 July 2016
51 , 53 , 58 –59 , 63 , 119 , 192 , 321 , 411
Southwest Africa (Liberia v. South Africa) (Ethiopia v. South Africa), Second Phase, Judgment [1966] i.c.j. Reports
47 , 401
Sovereignty
8 , 15 –18 , 21 , 25 , 29 , 31 –37 , 43 , 57 , 59 , 67 –68 , 85 , 109 , 138 , 141 , 156 , 169 –172 , 285 , 321 , 325 , 329 , 331 , 344 , 354 , 383 , 393 , 418 , 420 , 432
Space, passim
Steinberg
8 , 15 , 279 –284 , 287 , 295
Stewardship
8 , 107 , 112 –113 , 125 , 149 –150 , 167 , 173 , 228 , 282 –283 , 310 , 315 , 439
Subsidiary Body on Science, Technical and Technological Advice (sbstta)
175 –179 , 185 –186 , 189 , 192 , 198
see also
cbd
Sustainable Development Goals (sdg)
195 , 248 , 359
Sustainable Ocean Initiative Action Plan (2015–2020)
360
Terra nullius
25
Terraqueous territoriality
35 –36
Territorial jurisdiction
22 , 325 , 332 , 333 –334 , 336 –338 , 342 , 344 , 347 , 349 –350
see also
jurisdiction
Territorial / zonal authority
66 , 77 –78 , 108
The Grand Prince Case (Belize v France)
404
The M/V ‘Louisa’ Case, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines v Kingdom of Spain
51 , 58
Tominmaru Case (Japan v Russian Federation) (2005)
404
Total allowable catch (tac)
405
Tragedy of the commons
370 –371
see also
Hardin
Treaties
26 , 54 , 56 , 257 , 285 , 303 , 305 , 314 , 316 , 322 , 324 , 326 , 328 , 329 , 335 , 336 , 344 , 346 –347 , 396 , 398 , 399 , 403 , 409 , 410 , 412 , 416
Interpretation
45 , 53 , 95 , 103 , 127 , 250 –252 , 394 , 403 –404 , 406 , 408 , 410 , 412 , 419 –420 , 436
lex specialis
337
Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494
26
Treaty of Utrecht (1713)
27
Treaty of Waitangi 1840
162
Truman proclamations (1945)
16 , 31 –32 , 80 –81
Proclamation on the continental shelf (Presidential Proclamation No. 2667)
32 , 80 –81
Proclamation on the conservation zones on the high seas (Presidential Proclamation No. 2668)
32 , 80 –81
unclos i
79 , 83
unclos ii
79
unclos iii
86 , 88 , 97 , 101 , 103 , 110
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio Conference) 1992
120 , 150 –151 , 209
United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988)
326
United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime
327
see also Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air (2000)
327
article 8
119
article 56
63 , 64
article 58
63
article 63
102
article 64
102
article 66
102
article 66
102
article 67
102
article 76
2 , 229
article 87
58 , 67 , 68 , 116 –117
article 92
316 –317 , 322 , 323 , 328 , 330 , 348
article 94
66
article 97
324 , 338 , 340 , 343
article 108
326
article 109
325 , 338 , 343
article 116
58 , 339
article 117
58 , 119 , 121 , 339
article 118
58 , 119 , 121
article 119
58 , 118 , 180
article 121
404
article 133
133 , 134
article 136
127 , 133
article 137
67 , 68 , 127
article 139
100 , 133
article 140
69 , 89 , 127 , 129
article 141
69 , 127
article 142
62 , 67
article 143
141
article 145
127 , 132 , 208 , 219 , 223 , 240
article 148
101
article 157
129
article 162
219
article 192
119 , 208
article 193
150 , 151 , 168
article 194
111 , 112 , 119 , 208 , 209 , 210 , 226
article 197
111 , 208 , 226 , 436
article 204
192
article 205
192
article 206
192
article 218
325
article 237
180
article 281
409 , 411
article 288
406
article 237
180
article 281
409
article 282
411
article 287
408
article 297
397
article 311
180
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (unesco)
360 , 390
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (ioc)
299 , 360
United Nations Environmental Program (unep) (1972)
195 , 299 , 357 , 359 –363 , 381 , 387 , 389
unfsa
see
Fish Stocks Agreement
United Nations General Assembly (unga)
5 –6 , 14 , 17 , 76 , 97 , 134 , 174 –177 , 180 , 185 –187 , 190 , 198 , 239 , 299 , 264 –265 , 413 , 424
United Nations Informal Consultative Process on the Law of the Sea (unicpolos)
17 , 134 , 190 , 200 , 363
United Nation Security Council (unsc)
327 –329
Universality principle
337 , 343 , 350
see also
jurisdiction
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (udhr), 1948
256 –258
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
65 , 303
Virginia G case (Panama v. Guinea-Bissau)
50 , 321 , 341 , 404
Water column
2 , 33 , 37 , 41 , 57 , 227 , 228 , 240 , 288
Western-centred perspective on international law
156
Whaling in the Antarctic (Australia v. Japan: New Zealand intervening)
402 –403
Whanganui River
162 –164 , 170
William Rodman Sellers v. Maritime Safety Inspector judgement by the Court of Appeal in New Zealand
333
World Intellectual Property Organization (wipo)
299 , 360
World Ocean Council (woc)
375
World Summit on Sustainable Development (wssd) 2002
190 , 211 , 234
World Trade Organization (wto)
360