Image of God and Personality as Predictors of Spirituality in Men and Women

Joseph W. Ciarrocchi; Ralph L. Piedmont; Joseph E. G. Williams

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Image of God and Personality as Predictors of Spirituality in Men and Women

In: Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, Volume 13

Authors:

Joseph W. Ciarrocchi

Joseph W. Ciarrocchi
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Ralph L. Piedmont

Ralph L. Piedmont
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Joseph E. G. Williams

Joseph E. G. Williams
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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 55–73

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004496347_005

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Abstract

This study investigated whether image of God (IOG) predicted spirituality differentially for men and women. Participants were 725 women and 264 men undergraduates (USA) from mostly Christian denominations. Participants rated God on the five-factor domains on the Adjective Check List and their spiritual experience on the Faith Maturity Scale. They rated their own personality on the five-factor domains either with the NEO-FFI or the Bipolar Adjective Scale. Multivariate analysis revealed that the strength of the relationships between personality and IOG was similar for men and women. Differences between men and women on ratings of God reached statistical significance on four out five factors with effect sizes ranging from .19 (Extraversion) to .49 (Agreeableness). Although women rated God higher on desirable relational qualities, the overall means for both men and women’s God-ratings described an individual with positive relational qualities. Controlling for the effect of personality, IOG predicted spirituality for women but not men. Women had a mildly stronger personal spirituality and moderately stronger communal spirituality than men did. Personality was more strongly related to spirituality in women than in men. Gender schema theory is discussed as a potential explanation for these specific effects.

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Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, Volume 13

Series: Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, Volume: 13

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004496347

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 01 Jan 2002

Subjects
- Religious Studies
  - History of Religion
- Social Sciences
  - Religion & Society

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Image of God and Personality as Predictors of Spirituality in Men and Women

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Research in the Social Scientific Study of Religion, Volume 13

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