Index
Footnote references are included in their relevant page numbers
‘Absolution’ (see ‘Forgiveness’) 182
Aeschylus 57
Agency, military 390 –397 420
Aggression 197 –198
Afghanistan ix
,
xi
,
xvii
,
27
,
78
,
84
,
185
,
189
,
222
,
281
,
288
,
311 –361 346 –361 365
,
410
,
419
,
424
,
434 –435
Africa 256
,
260
,
307
North 220
,
415
Agos ‘Warrior spirit’ and ‘Fighting spirit’) 48 –73
defined
Air Power 341
,
352 –361 423 –426
Albania 232
Al-Qaeda 220 –221 297
,
300
,
304
,
338
Ansar-Dine 221
,
296 –302
Aquinas, Saint Thomas 77
,
146
,
158
,
168
,
175
,
178
,
196
Arendt, Hannah 138
,
173
Argentina 264
Aristotle 31
,
49
,
51
,
53 –54 59
,
61 –62 72
,
136
,
141 –142 144
,
151
,
157
Asia 5
,
25
,
307
Asymmetrical war 71
,
80
‘Atrocities’ 364
,
405
Auschwitz 306
Augustine, Saint 12
,
39 –43 46
,
77
,
146
,
168
,
174
,
176
Australia 215 –16
Austria 24
,
288
Baathist party 118
,
433
Baghdad 287
Balkans xvii
,
1
,
230 –251 334
,
371
,
424
Bamiyan Buddhas 281
,
288
Berlin 289
Berlin, Isaiah 135
,
209
Bible, The 124
,
140
,
142 –143 173 –174
Biggar, Nigel xviii
,
173 –187 408 –410 445
Blair, Tony 121
,
433
‘Blue Shield Movement’ 288
,
296
Bin Laden, Osama 134
Bobbitt, Philip 141
,
206 –207 215
,
227
Boethius 198
Borgia, Cesare 139
Bosnia and Herzegovina ix
,
xi
,
3
,
177
,
230 –251 323
,
381
,
415 –416 428 –429
Muslim Community 234 –236
Sprska Republic 234
,
237 –240
Bush, George W. 7 –8 152
Cambodia 260
,
264
Canada 2
,
351
,
366
,
436
Central African Republic 220
,
273
Chile 264
China 9
,
12
,
28
,
137
,
160
,
207
Christianity 6
,
173
,
180
,
295
,
302
,
372
,
408 –409
and ‘Just War’ 140
,
146
,
151
,
173 –177 408 –409
Cicero 407
‘Civil trust’ 248
,
393
,
428
Citizen-soldiers 393
,
406
Clausewitz, Carl von 31
,
165
,
201 –202 315
,
366
,
420
Codes of Conduct ‘Principles’) 216 –217 345
,
397
,
421
,
431
Cold War 3 –31 335
,
368
,
422
,
439
Collateral damage 97
,
162
,
328
,
353
,
424 –26
Collins, Tim 340
,
386 –387
Colombia ix
,
xi
,
xvii
,
218 –219 252 –280 377 –378 381
,
415
‘Command responsibility’ 271 –278
Special Jurisdiction for Peace 252 –280
Supreme Court 263
,
271
‘Competition-cooperation’ 158
,
190
,
194 –195 202
,
207
,
219
‘Compassion’ 179
Compromise 189
,
202
‘Consequences-legitimacy’ 419
,
423
,
426
Congo, Democratic Republic xi
,
222
,
255
‘Conscience’ 202
Counter insurgency (coin) 315 –332 342 –361 414
,
430
‘Courageous Restraint’ (compare ‘Tactical patience’) 312 –324 350
,
352 –357 434
Crimea xi
,
116
Croatia xi
,
371
‘Crusade(s)’ (compare Jihad) 151 –152 157
,
177
,
408
Cuba 267
Cultural Property Protection (cpp) 281 –308
Cultural awareness 359 –360 437 –438
Culture, of violence 199 –202 209 –226 327 –428 437 –438
Cyber-warfare 190
,
227
,
229
,
424
Czech Republic 231
,
374
Daesh see ‘Islamic State’)
Detainees see Prisoners of war)
Dannatt, Richard 337
Darendorf, Ralf 249 –250
Dayton Peace Treaty 238 –251 415
,
428
De Gaulle, Charles 204
Deontology 52
,
401
Descartes, René 151
,
395
‘Destruction of memory’ 306 –307
‘Distinction / Discrimination’ (of targets) 67
,
335
,
338
,
422
,
424 –26
Doctrine, military 215 –217 333 –334 336
,
408
,
419
,
431
,
442
,
444
DynCorp 377
,
380 –381
Eastern Bloc 3 –4 230
East Timor 260
,
334
Egypt 205
eln (Colombia) 218 –219 253
Emirates 304
‘Enlightenment, The’ 190
Equilibrium 143
,
195
Estonia 26
,
229
,
282 –283 373
‘Ethical Leadership’ 361
‘Ethical Warfare’ 333 –361
Ethos 51
,
71 ‘Warrior ethos’)
Euripides 57
European Union 6
,
8
,
24
,
28
,
205
,
236
,
238
,
241
,
245
Brexit 29
Court of Human Rights 240
,
244
,
351
,
411 –412
Evil 153
,
167
,
195
Executioners 140
,
167
FARC-EP (Colombia) 218 –219 252
,
267
‘Fighting spirit’ see Agos and ‘Warrior spirit’)438
,
422
Finland 118
Force multipliers 287
,
303 –305
‘Forgiveness’ see Reconciliation)
Fotion, Nicholas 147
France 23
,
204
,
215
,
237 –238
Fukuyama, Francis 17 –20
G7 nations (economic strength) 8
Gadaffi, Muammar 134
Geneva Conventions ix
,
35
,
56
,
132
,
259
,
273
,
370
Georgia 9
Germany 23
,
26
,
130
,
237
Gibbon, Edward 196 –197
Global/Globalization 20 –25 144
,
205
,
207
,
210
,
388
,
399 –401
Global Strategic Trends 192
,
210
,
228
,
407
,
443
Migration Compact 24
Population 210
War on Terrorism (gwot) 7
,
183
‘Glory’ 63
Greece 10
,
48 –73
City-states 53 –56
Grotius, Hugo 12
,
77
,
146
,
158
,
176
,
178
God Almighty 12
,
140
,
153
,
302
‘Good, The’ 40
,
136
,
144
,
198
,
229
Hague Conventions ix
,
59
,
211
,
288
,
294
,
296
,
298 –299
‘Hearts and minds’ 84
,
361
Hegel, Georg 18 –19
Helmand Province, Afghanistan 327
,
333
,
346 –361
Heidegger, Martin 30
,
234
Herodotus 51
,
55
,
58 –59
Hobbes, Thomas 134
,
148
,
177
,
195
,
366
Homer 51
,
54 –55 63
,
196
‘Honour’ ‘Warrior ethos’) 63 –64 217
Howard, Michael 188
,
227
,
442
Hubris 6
,
49
,
57
,
70
,
143
,
146
‘Human condition’ 195 –209
‘Humanity’ 26
,
67
,
422
Human Rights see Law of Human Rights)
Human Rights Watch 263
,
270
,
347
,
354
‘Humility’ 143
Hungary 24
,
374
Huntington, Samuel 366
,
368
,
391
Hussein, Saddam 96
,
115
,
118
,
124
,
134
,
342
,
434
Identity, soldier’s Agos and Honour) 204
,
392 –394 404
ied (Improvised explosive device) 325 –326
Ignatieff, Michael 203 –204
Ilyin, Ivan 167
‘Immunity, non-combatant’ 162
,
335
India 137
Inter-American Court of Human Rights 259
,
261
,
338
Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change 400
Intermediate Non-Proliferation Treaty 4
,
9
,
26
International
Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty 90
,
390
Committee of the Red Cross (icrc) 63 –64 164
,
188 –229 299 –300 319 –320 329
,
343
,
413
,
442
Court of Justice 103
,
137
,
159
Criminal Court 103
,
137
,
159
,
254
,
261 –262 272
,
275
,
298 –302
Customary Law (Treaty) 66
Humanitarian Law see Law of Armed Conflict)
Tribunals (jurisdiction) 246
,
260
,
272
,
275 –276
Iran 9
Iraq United Kingdom, and United States of America) ix
,
xi
,
xvii
,
8
,
27
,
78
,
84
,
115
,
152
, 185,
187
,
283
,
287
,
289 –292 304
,
333 –361 376
,
380
,
424
,
432 –434
Ireland, Northern see under United Kingdom)
isaf (Afghanistan) 311 –361 346 –361
Islamic Court 300 –302
‘Islamic State’ (IS/ISIS/Daesh) 145
,
157
,
207
,
220
,
283 –284 293 –295 302 –306 424
Jackson, Mike 342
,
434
Janowitz, Morris 370
,
391 –392
Jesus Christ 173
Jihad (compare ‘Crusades’) 147
,
157
,
221
,
295
,
302
Justice 79
Post-War ix –xiv 79
,
148
‘Just War Dependency’ 77 –95 96 –127 412
‘Just War Theory’ ix –xiv 11
,
16
,
28
,
34
,
53
,
69
,
77 –96 96 –127 128 –145 146 –169 382
,
408
,
411 –412 427
,
430
,
436
,
439
,
442
Kant, Immanuel 11
,
16 –17 22
,
29
,
68
,
128
,
149 –150 158
,
365
,
401
‘Kingdom of God’ 181
King, Martin Luther 146
King’s College, London 414 –415 442
Kissinger, Henry 20
Korea 9
,
347
Kosovo 8
,
231
Kühn, Thomas 148
,
163
,
184
Kurds 207
Kuwait 115
,
304
,
338
Lacewing, Michael 334 –336 358
Language 33 –34 150
,
152
Latvia 26
,
373
Law of
Armed Conflict (loac) ix –xii 48
,
53
,
63
,
65 –66 68 –69 73
,
79
,
132
,
140
,
164
,
191
,
193
,
202
,
208
,
211 –229 254
,
258
,
261
,
269
,
272 –273 277
,
319 –320 336
,
358
,
368
,
411
,
414
,
416
,
422
,
427
,
430
,
434
,
436
,
441 –442
Human Rights 21
,
154
,
157
,
164
,
166 –167 191
,
193
,
208
,
227 –228 254
,
261
,
277
,
352
,
411
,
442
‘Natural’ 178
,
191
,
196
League of Nations 12
Levi, Primo 305 –306
Libya xi
,
9
,
15
,
27
,
78
,
96
,
122
,
214
,
296
,
415
,
424
‘Lieber Code’ 36
,
38
Lisbon Agreement 236
Lithuania 26
,
373
Locke, John 195
‘Love’ 61
,
174
,
180 –183 408
Lucas, George 375
Machiavelli, Niccolo 128 –145 374
MacIntyre, Alasdair 389
McChrystal, Stanley 311 –314 321
,
323
,
328
,
330 –331 350
McMahon, Jeff 77
,
108
,
111 –113 147
,
176
‘Malayan Emergency’ 187
,
409
Mali 221
,
294
Marx, Karl 6
,
8
,
18
,
230
Mechanistic-organic 213
Memorandum of Understanding (mou) 349
‘Metaphor’ (analogues) 14
,
158
,
183 –184 189
,
209
,
337
Mexico 415
Mill, J.S. 385
Middle East 9
,
25
,
27
,
96
,
220
,
415
,
424
Migration, population 6
,
9
,
24 –25 209
‘Militarism’ 146
,
151 –152 154 –155 161
,
163
,
165
,
169
Montenegro 231
‘Mission Command’ 321
,
324
Montreux Document 384
Moore, G.E. 150
,
195
,
198
Moral Asymmetry 370
Covenant 421
Practices 45
Reasoning 34 –35 45
Relativism 425
Responsibility 120
,
396
‘Moral Compass’ 64
,
217
,
395
,
404
,
438
Murdoch, Iris 198 –199
Myanmar (Burma) 218
‘Narrative, The’ (campaign) 424 –426
Nation-states (sovereign) 21 –23 25
,
29
,
202 –209 243
Imagined 250
Market 206 –207 215
National Interests 144 –145 202 –209
nato 6
,
8
,
26
,
28
,
160
,
185
,
237
,
289
,
345
,
350
, 532
Nazism xvi
,
116
,
373
‘Necessity, military’ 36 –37 43
,
67
,
73
,
284
,
287
,
423
Netherlands, The 289 –291 311 –332
Nepal xi
‘New World Order’ 4
,
7 –8 10
,
20
,
338
New York, 9/11 attack 183
,
338
,
377
,
410
Nicaragua 66
Niebuhr, Reinhold 180 –183 203
Nietzsche, Friedrich 30
Nigeria 220
,
222
North Atlantic Cooperation Council 4
Northern Ireland see United Kingdom)
Nuremburg Tribunal 184
,
260
,
319
Objective-subjective 39
,
213
Oman 185
,
408
Ontology 22 –23 221 –224
Orend, Brian ix –xiv xxiii
,
100
,
103 –104 110
,
115
,
122 –123 255 –256 383
,
413
,
434 –435 441
,
443
Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe 4
‘Pacifism’ ix
,
153
,
154 –155 165
,
169
Pangloss, Dr (Voltaire) 152
,
190
Paris Peace Accord 138
Papua New Guinea 222
Paramilitary Organizations 362 –387
‘Partnership for peace’ 5
Pascal, Blaise 198
Patreus, David 312
,
314
Paul, Saint 140
,
174
Peloponnesian War 55
,
60
Peter, Saint 124
Philippines 215
,
218
Phronesis 131
,
142
,
192
Plato 18 –19 29 –32 54
,
79
,
147
,
157
Poland 24
,
26
Police Operations 166
,
177
,
370
,
391
,
416 –417
Popper, Karl 17 –18 30
,
32
Population, World 210
Post war Justice Transitional justice) ix –xiv 79
,
402 –445
‘Principles’ Codes of conduct) 53
,
419
,
426 –427 430
,
436 –439 444
Private Military Companies 362 –387
Prisoners of War xiv
,
335
,
342
,
417
,
433
Abu Ghraib 344
,
380
,
418
Aitken Report 345
,
418
,
433
Baha Musa 343
,
346
,
418
,
433
,
437
Camp Breadbasket 344
Prohibited Weapons 335
,
358
Project for New America Center 7
‘Proportional Force’ 335
,
358
,
423
‘Prudence’ 147
Punishment 158 –159 178 –180
Putin, Vladimir 10
,
27
‘Realism’ xi –xiii 155
‘Reciprocity’ 42
‘Reconciliation’ 105
,
173 –187 202
,
377
,
408 –410 426 –431 435
‘Responsibility to Protect’ 90
,
138
,
390 –391 399
Restraint Law of Armed Conflict) ix
,
xv –xvii 36 –38 49 –50 136 –137 175
,
180
,
182
,
188 –194 199
,
211 –229 230 –251 271 –278 311 –332 333 –361 362 –387 410 –440
‘Retrofurism’ 189
,
229
Ridley, Matthew 195
,
207
,
219
Risk 35
,
196
,
421
,
425
,
438
Rodin, David xxiii
,
77
,
91
,
109
,
111
,
159 –160 176
,
256
,
272
,
338
,
355
,
366
,
410 –412 445
Romania 231
Rome 152
,
159 –160
Statute of 137
,
261
,
272
,
278
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 128
Rules of Engagement (roe) 323
,
328
,
336
,
425
‘Card A’ 336
,
341
Russell, Bertrand 201
Russia 3 –28 16
,
118
,
122
,
137
,
162
,
204
,
230
,
237 –238 283
Orthodox Church 6
,
295
Rwanda xi
,
177
,
184
,
260
,
408
Ryle, Gilbert 148
,
150
Saudi Arabia 376
Scruton, Roger 203
,
227
Searle, John 199 –202 205
,
219
Self-defence 41 –43 89
,
167
Self-determination see Nation-state)15
,
204
Senegal 220
Serbia xi
,
231
,
371 –373 408
Shakespeare, William 226
Shanghai Cooperation Agreement 27
Shue, Henry 108 –109 111
,
391
Sidgwick, Arthur 37 –38 40
Sierra Leone 260
,
272
,
334
,
408
,
429
Singer, Peter 274 –386
Slovakia 374
Smith, Rupert 187
,
382
Social-media 7
,
206
Somalia 9
South Africa, Republic of 260
‘Spirit of the age’ 190
,
201
,
229
Srebrenica 323
Sri Lanka 218
Stabilisation ix
,
39
,
312 –332 333 –361 407 –436
Strachan, Hew 441
‘Strategic corporal’ 417
Subjective-objective 39 –40
‘Success, Reasonable Prospect for’ 359
Sudan xi
,
223
Suleyman Shar, tomb 292 –294
Sun Tzu 12
Syria xi
,
xvii
,
8 –9 15
,
27
,
214
,
283
,
292 –294 304
,
424
Tacitus 78
,
408
‘Tactical patience’ 434 –435
Tadros, Viktor 44 –46
Taliban 281
,
313 –314 326 –328 349
Telos (endings) 72
‘Thought-experience’ 44
Thucydides 51
,
55 –56 58
,
60
Timbuktu 296 –302
‘Tolerant Society’ 30 –31
Tolstoy, Leo 143
Training, military 216 –217 388 –406 436 –440
Transitional Justice Post-War Justice) 252
,
256 –268 278 –279
‘Troops in Contact’ (tic) 327
,
355
‘Trauma Risk Management’ 418
Trump, Donald 6
,
24
,
27
Trust 179 –180 225
,
438
Turkey 292 –294 304
Terrorism 417
Ukraine 9
,
27
,
116
,
371
,
373
,
385
United Kingdom 23
,
27
,
215
,
237 –238 333 –361 379
,
407 –445
Brexit 27
Iraq Inquiry (Chilcot) 124
,
207
,
407
,
412 –413 419 –420 424
,
432 –434 445
Northern Ireland 334
,
343
,
409
,
416 –417 429
United Nations 24
,
159
,
236
,
371
,
390 –391
Charter 5
,
13 –14 158
,
168
,
392
Development Program 269
Human Development Report 196
Peacekeeping 330
,
391 –392
Security Council 13 –14 141
,
231
,
237
,
339
,
434
United State of America 3 –28 131
,
137
,
148
,
160
,
204
,
207
,
215
,
230
,
237
,
241
,
283
,
286 –287 307
,
311 –314 321 –324 331
,
338
,
350
,
353
,
380
,
382
,
384
,
433 –434
Presidential election 6
,
24
‘Surge’ (Iraq) 357
‘Unlimited Liability’ 337
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 411 –412
Uppsala Conflict Data Project 257
‘Utilitarianism’ 52
Uruk 289 –292
Uruzgan Province, Afghanistan 316 –332
‘Victory’ (also Success) 154
,
412
,
430
‘Victors’ justice’ (compare Post-War Justice) 92
,
100
,
105
Vietnam 160
‘Violence-Force’ 199 –202 205
,
427 –429
Virtues 51
,
53
,
65
,
129
,
134 –137 143
,
195
,
197
Walzer, Michael xvi
,
37 –40 77
,
79
,
93
,
98
,
101 –103 105
,
108 –111 113
,
119 –120 126
,
139
,
147
,
152
,
167
,
256
,
283
,
329
,
379 –380
War crimes 308
‘Warrior Ethos’ see Agos and ‘Fighting spirit’)61 –65 71
,
196
Warsaw Pact 2 –20 230
Weapons of Mass Destruction (wmd) 7
,
96
,
162
,
338
,
435
West, The 5 –10 146
,
148 –149 152
,
155
,
173
,
187
,
196
,
207
,
295
,
410
,
427
,
431
Westphalia, Treaty of 23
,
158
,
366
Whetham, David xxvi
,
339
,
340
,
344
,
412 –414 445
‘Wicked problems’ 282
Women, in conflict zones 223
,
416
World Wars, One and Two xii
,
xv
,
12 –13 165
,
319
Xenophon 55
Yemen xi
,
9
,
27
Yugoslavia 230 –251 371
Zimbabwe 218