Index
a creation of the new age in the publishing world
123
a pretty vase in the room
134
abstract whole
216
acculturation
157
acquiring skills
124
advanced level examinations in the UK
240
alienation of the male gender role
203
American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM)
27, 40n, 75
American Methodist Episcopal Mission
28
An Amazon in Cathay (Kahn 1912)
37
ancient restorationism
95
apotheosis of feminine youth
11
appropriate gender behavior
69
aristocratic schools
65
arranged marriage
79
Art-Deco
95
ashionable young women
96, 123n
atmosphere around gender
198
Baby House Classroom (baobao jiating ketang å®å®å®¶åºè¯¾å )
172â173
Bailey, Paul
VIII, 1, 10n, 24nâ25n, 68, 86
Ban Zhao
102
Bandura, Albert
172
de Beauvoir, Simone
153, 157â158, 163, 199
Beehan, C.
2n
Beijing nübao (Beijing Womenâs News)
18n
Beijing Womenâs Normal School
20, 21n
Bern, Sandra Lipsitz
173
Bernstein, Basil
8n, 155â156, 201
blind and mute schools
117
bogus civilised women (jia wenming funü)
22
Book of Poems
101
Borthwick, S.
2n
Bourdieu, Pierre
159
bourgeoise sentiment
99
Boys Are Not Male
216, 219
brain functions
223â224
Burke, Peter
159, 199
Button embroidery method
129
calendars
97, 100
capable and virtuous
108
capacities of interpersonal communication
268
Chang, Eileen / Zhang Ailing
97, 97n, 111n
Changsha
4n, 10, 18, 44â46, 118
Chatterjee, P.
3n
chemistry at home
76
Chen Dongyuan
86, 139, 145
Chen Hengzhe
5
Chen Lifu
115
Cheng Naishan
98, 114, 123n, 146
Cheongsams
104, 111
China Childrenâs Development Program (2001â2010)
152
China Wool Mill
119
Chinese and Western mixtures emerged
94
Chinese and Western settlement division policy
94
Chinese Christian Higher Education Cooperation Plan
74
Chinese journal
VII
Chinese Product Exhibition
118
Chinese Womenâs Development Program (2001â2010)
152
Christianized
29
Christians
28â29, 53â54, 58
church services
53
church-run womenâs colleges
26, 28â30, 41, 48â49, 51n, 52, 54â55, 58, 63, 65, 70, 71, 74, 78, 80, 82â86
civilised marriages (wenming jiehun)
18
Clark, Elsie
36, 70
class committee leadership
208, 211
coeducation
28, 33, 44, 71â77, 79, 85, 88, 90
Cohen, Paul A.
41, 87
collective forces
162
collective resistance to marriage
81
Columbia University
73
common good
263
Comprehensive Practical Activity: Life (zonghe shijian huodong: shenghuo 综åå®è·µæ´»å¨Â·çæ´»)
177â178
Comte, Auguste
163
concrete equality
205, 215
Confucian humanism
VIII
Connelly, Michael
192
constructivism
155
copy mechanically
190
correcting mechanism
222
correspondence schools
117
Crawford, Lane
95
Cressy, Earl Herbert (1883â1979)
74, 76
crisis of recognition
214
crosses gender barriers
38
cultivating oneself
124
cultural arena
98
cultural code
156, 171
cultural gender differences
216
cultural iconoclasm
1
culturalizing
152
culture of Western institutions
95
cut patterns
101
Da Xin Company
119
Dahua Wool Company
128
degree of success
206
democratization of education
208, 264
Deng Yingchao
5n, 179â180
descriptive image
98
Dewey Experiment
VIII
differential interaction
187
diffusiveness of language
187
Ding GangVIIâVIII
, 1n, 31, 87, 202, 282
Dirlik, A.
1n
documentary film
VII
Doll, William E., Jr.,
155, 198, 199
domestic capital
95
domestic roles
179
domestic skills (jiashi ke)
14
Dongfang zazhi (Eastern Miscellany)
13, 18, 18n, 87
double inequality
213, 257
duality
40
Duan Hong
267
Duan Hua
20n, 22, 22n
Duara, P.
2n, 4n
Durkheim, Ãmile
160
dutiful wives and loving mothers
112, 120
duty-based female schools
120
early big four companies
95
East China Normal UniversityVII
, 1n
East-West Radio Station
131
education for all
152
Education Quarterly
51
educationâs differentiation of genders
273
educational goals
48, 52
Eisler, Riane
158, 199
Elias, Norbert
159, 199
emotional dispositions
242
emotional distance
258
Empress Wu
167â168
engage in embroidery
101
equality of differences
246
equality of processes
277
Eton College
272
expectation of roles
169
face
190â192, 196â197, 260, 267
Fadama Road (near Jinling Road)
95
failed fledglings
219
fair-maiden style of education
137
Family Biology
51
Family Education Lectures
131
family of officials
57
family-style management
58
fashionable dress picture
123
fashionable young men
96
female âneedle workerâ
100â101
female attaché
212
female countenance
102
female emancipation
2
female virtues
102
female work
102
feminine fashion
11
femininely compliant
216
feminist
8n, 30, 34, 38â40, 42, 156, 111n, 153â154, 158â159, 164, 198, 203
feminization of males
204
Feng Qiuping
93, 104, 104n, 113, 118â122, 125, 125nâ126n, 127, 127n, 129â132, 140â143, 145â147
Weaving School
119
Wool Embroidery Weaving Method (1936)
125, 129n, 146
Wool Knitting Designs and Techniques
142, 146
Yarn Knitting School
104
Feng Songtao
142â143
financial difficulties
27
Financier
114, 146
flying shape embroidery method
129
foreign capital
95, 138
Foucault, Michel
159â161, 199
Four Virtues
102
Frame, Alice Seymour Browne (1878â1941)
72
Funü zazhi (Ladies Magazine)
15, 15n, 16n, 19n, 20n, 22n, 23, 81
Gallagher, Tony
238â239
garden of forking paths
145, 145n
gender
(role) stereotypes
172, 176, 184â186, 240
assumptions
2
awareness
37, 55, 152â153, 156
barriers
38, 40, 85
discrimination
158, 203â205, 210, 216, 246, 257, 277
displacement
216
fairness in society
176
gender guided education
274
Gender Schema Theory
173, 201
gender socialization
151, 154, 156, 161, 169, 172
regimes and norms
171
roles
24, 26, 32, 40, 48, 51n, 52, 71, 104, 156â157, 159, 167, 170â171, 176, 184, 217, 237, 244, 257, 259, 274, 277, 280
tensions
205
gendered attitude
252
gendered mindset
231
gendered nature
281
gender-equal institution of education
281
gender-free
164, 166, 169
gender-integrated
158
Gilligan, Carol
169, 199
Ginling alumna
81â82
Girls Elementary School Rules
107
Girls Normal School Rules
107
Goffman, Erving
189
Good Friend Weaving Association
119
Good Friends
123, 123n, 124, 136
good wives and wise mothers/ryÅsai kenbo
2, 8, 23, 23n
grabbing the sesame seed but losing the watermelon
268
Great American Ginling Womenâs College
26
great pleasures
97
Guo Bingwen (Kuo Ping-Wen éç§æ, 1880â1969)
73
Guo Moruo
93
habitus
159
hand inscription
128
handicraft
12, 100â101, 103, 104n, 105â108, 110, 116, 120, 132â134, 143n, 225
Hangzhou Handicraft Girlsâ School
116
Hangzhou Mulberry Silk Girlsâ School
116
Hayhoe, RuthVIIâIX
, 2n
Heng Yuanxiang Wool
119
Hermeneutics
155
Hershatter, G.
7
hidden harm
215
High-End Brothel
96
home economics
15n, 50n, 51n, 52, 110, 114, 116, 131
Honig, E.
6
Honouring the Military (shangwu)
16
household affairs
11, 13, 13n, 107â108, 110, 120
household managers
3, 7, 14, 16, 21, 23â24
housekeeping courses
50
housewife
4n, 12nâ13n, 24, 34, 43, 52, 101â102, 112, 135, 139â140
How Do We View Ourselves? (Women ruhe kandai ziji æ们å¦ä½çå¾
èªå·±)
38
Hoying
38
Hu Binxia
15n, 16n, 23
Hu Ying
2n, 12n
Huang Dinghui
4n
Huang Huilin
128
Huang Peiying
117â119, 125nâ126n, 127â128, 142, 145, 147â148
Hubei
9
Hudec, L.E.
95, 95n
Hunan
4nâ5n, 9
Hunan Provincial Normal School
5n
hundred handicrafts
101
Hunter, Jane
32, 35â38, 40, 45, 50, 71, 75, 79â80, 91
Hwa Nan College
27, 51â53, 56, 65, 70, 74, 76, 77n, 91â92
hyperactivity
227
ideas on schooling
49
illustrations
156, 168, 176â178, 182
image of modernization
97
Impressions of Shanghai
93
individualized society
263
inferior position of males in education
202â204, 208â209, 219, 238, 241, 248, 264â265, 272, 281
interesting anecdotes
97
Jesse, David
223â224, 226, 231, 282
Jinan
21, 200
Jiang Weiqiao
15, 15n, 18, 18n
Jiaoyu zazhii
15n
Jiating zazhi (Family Magazine)
15n
Jin Songcen
13n
Jing Yuanshan
105
Jingâan Temple
94, 95, 118
Jingzheng Womenâs School
105
Judge, J.
2nâ4n, 12n, 23n
justice
163, 245
Kahn, Ida (康ç±å¾·; 1873â1931)
37â39, 49
Kaisiling
99, 99n
Kang Youwei
10, 105
Kao Gong Ji
101
Keenan, Barry
VIII
Kimura, Doreen
223
Kin Yamei (éé
妹, also known as Y. May King; 1864â1934)
38â39
kind and gentle girls (shunü)
8
KMTâs second plenary Central Committee Member Congress
114
KMTâs third National Representative Congress
115
knitting machine (dai zhen ji 代éæº)
118
knitting sweaters
99, 136
Kwang Hua University
61
lace apprenticeship institute
106
Laidlaw, Whiteaway
94
languageâstillness
247
learn by doing
178
legal cultural texts
155
legendary metropolis
94
Lessons for Women
102
Li Ouâfan
96, 99, 123, 148
Li Tinghan
17, 17n
Li Youning
5n, 9nâ10n,13n, 15n, 18n, 21n
Liang Qichao
12, 13n, 17, 105
Liao Xiuzhen
5n
liberal education
34
Life Magazine
123, 123n
lifelong education
152
Lin Yutang
112, 140, 148
Lippmann, Walter
176
local gentry elites
5
losing face
192, 196â197, 267
Lubi Kui
15n
Lü Xingwei
267
Main, Idabelle Lewis (1887â1969)
51
making mandatory religious activities voluntary
30
males and females correspond inversely, growth in one gender means decay in the other
195
manage the household (jiazheng)
12, 14n
Mann, S.
7n, 23n
Married for 10 Years
134, 149
Martin, Jane Roland
164, 201
masculine firmness
216
masculine power
216â217
masculinization of female teachers
204, 241
maternalistic
114
matrix of gender
172
May 30th Movement
61
McGuinness, Diane
223
men and women do not interact
62
men plowing and women weaving
101
Messrs. Hall and Holtz
94
meta-narrative
263
Methodist Episcopal Church South
47
Methodist Episcopal Church
27, 47
metropolitan life
123
Miner, S. Luella (1861â1935)
28, 32â33, 37, 39â40, 40n, 72, 74â75, 88â89
Minhou (Fuzhou)
55
Ministry of Economic Affairs
118
modern girl
122
modern girlsâ school in Suzhou
5n
modernising conservatism
3, 4n
Moir, Anne
223â224, 226, 231, 282
Mu Shiying
97, 97n
mulberry planting methods
116
Mulberry Silk Girlsâ School
116
multicultural fusion
VIII, IX
municipal facilities
95
My Dream of Genius
111, 111n
Myhill, Debra
194â195, 201
Nanjing Republic Government
114
Nanjing Road
94â96, 119
Napier, John
132, 132n
Nash, Paul
163, 201
National Governance School Agency Education Director
115
Nationalism Movement
59
nationalist patriarchy
2, 4n
natural abilities
21
natural self
161, 213
naturally focused interactions
187
neo-classicism
95
neutral education
215, 262â263
new cheongsam
109
New Culture Movement
1, 1n, 54
new culture of gender in education
280
new needlework
103, 120
New Parisian style
99
new sociology of education
154, 201
new woman
2, 2n, 52, 91, 104, 134, 134n, 276
NGO run remedial education organizations
117
Night Shanghai
99, 99n
Ningbo
7, 7n
Niu Huisheng çæ ç (1892â1937)
80
non-intelligence factors
278
non-repeatable nature
31
North China Union Womenâs College
28, 53, 67, 71â72, 74â75, 80
nügong
12, 12n, 147
see womenâs work
Nüjie zhong
13n
Oberlin College
32
occupational apprenticeship centers
117
office worker population
137â138
ordering the family, ruling the state and pacifying the world
124, 144
otherness
198
others
56
patriarchal society
133, 164, 166
patriotism
33, 61â62, 64, 69
Pearl
38â39
Pei Ying Weaving Apprenticeship Center
117
Pei Yingsiâs Wool Weaving Method
(1933)
118
physiological chemistry
76
policy forbidding proselytization
28, 35
politely evasive interactions
190â192
Portraits of Influential Chinese Educators
VIII, IX
Postmodernism
156
power-knowledge
160
preferences in cognitive strategies
224
Premier Zhou Enlai
179
prepared in advance
27
Presbyterian Church
47
pre-set cultural model
274
Program Preparation
107
proletariat
6
protect them with sympathy and consideration
35
Protestant Christianity
37
public schools
61, 117
public universities
61
putting student development first
228, 264
Pygmalion effect
256
Qian Gechuan
97
Qian Zhixiu
18n
Qiude Girlsâ Middle School
122
Qiupingâs Wool Weaving Methods
(1948)
125, 126n
radical feminists
38â39
Red House restaurants
99
Red Roses and White Roses
136, 149
regular schools
117
regularity of gendered interaction
258
Regulations on Womenâs Schools (ãå¥å®å¥³å¸å ç« ç¨ã)
28, 30, 47
religious education
51, 53, 55, 85
return stitch embroidery method
129
reverse function
169
rise of yin and decline of yang
206â207, 212, 240â242, 277, 279, 282
Rodes, Jean
10, 10n
Rose, Rose, I Love You
99
Rosenthal effect
256
scene
32, 124, 144, 184, 189, 192â194, 270â271
self-conscious experience
231
self-denial of women
169
self-superiority
221
sense of cultural superiority
45
sewing
12, 15n, 18, 20n, 22, 101, 107, 110, 117, 120, 126n, 144
sex
13n, 15n 18, 20, 20n, 25n, 40, 62, 72â74, 78â79, 82n, 84â85, 96, 98, 141, 148, 157â161, 197â200, 203, 216, 226â227, 231, 251â252, 257, 263, 265, 267â268, 272â277, 279, 281
Shanghai Commercial Press
15n
Shanghai International Settlement
94
Shanghai Municipal Governance Report (1932â1934)
117
Shanghai Municipal Statistics Report (1946)
120, 120n
Shanghai Peopleâs Radio Station
120
Shanghai style
97â98, 148â149
Shanghai Womenâs Confucian Cultivation Institute
106
Shanghai Womenâs Sericulture School
116
Shanghai Womenâs Trade School
106
Shanghai
93
Shanghaiâs rapidly completed Womenâs Work Normal Trade School
116
shawls
104
Shen Laizhou
142â143
Shimoda Utako
23
short training class
119
Shuyuan
VIII
Sichuan Womenâs Work Normal Research School
116
silk stockings
11, 104
silkworm anatomy
116
single sex education
272
single-gender system
72
singleness
80â81, 88
Sinology
VII
Small East Gate Fortune and Security Company
119
small society
189
social animals
157, 159, 162
social construction
160, 165
social gaze
159
social learning theory
172
social occupation education
117
social order
1, 3, 14, 29, 165
social self
160â161, 213
socializing
127, 152, 164, 169, 172, 177, 187
Society (Peopleâs Education Press 1994â1998 Edition)
174â175
sociology of knowledge
154, 165, 199
soil science
116
Soong Ching-Ling
180
Southern Baptist Church
47
spatial capacities
223â224, 229
St. Johnâs University
61, 90
State Council of Chinese government
152
state within a state
94
student explained culture
170
Student Volunteer Movement
32, 42, 44
Su Qing
134â135, 141, 141n, 149
Subject Degrees
107
Sumin Wool Mill
119
Suzhou
5n, 55n, 68, 133
sweaters
99, 103â104, 111, 129, 136, 140
Taogu (é¶è°·)
27
teacher explained culture
170
teachersâ conception of equality
248
teaching according to ability
202
teaching according to gender
202, 267
Teaching Management
107
The Bible
120
The Book of Rites
102
the Boxer
10, 43
The China Times
140
the difference between indoors and outdoors
124â125
the dignity of the teaching profession
259
the educated person
162, 201
the group composed of the other sex
197
The History of Chinese Womenâs Lives
139
the image of a woman
98, 134
The Issue of Chinaâs Education Reform
115
the judgments about studentsâ intellect
210
The Main Degrees of Each Subject
107
the May Fourth Movement
5, 25, 62â65, 72, 81, 83, 87, 112, 137
the May Fourth period
2n, 4
the No. 2 Provincial Womenâs Normal School in Jinan
21
The Occupational School Order
116
The Overall Intention of Establishing Schools
107
the Paris of the East
93
The Pioneer (Kaitazheãå¼æè
ã)
68, 79, 92
The Process of Civilization
159
The Second Sex
158, 199
The Shanghai Foxtrot
97, 97n
the social self
160
the system of education training
245
the way of motherhood
115
the Weaving Guide
120
the wife is ennobled by the husband
86
Thøgersen, Stig
VIII
Three Cardinal Guides and Five Constant Virtues
120
Three Principles of the People
119
Thurston, Matilda S.
41â48, 50â51, 59, 64, 64n, 70, 75â76, 81â83, 92
Tian Min
16n
Tianjin
5n, 6, 7n, 19n, 118, 129n, 139, 147
Times (Shibaoãæ¶æ¥ã)
63
Tong Zhiling
128, 142
traditional values
3, 4n
transit station
34
trend of ancient restorationism
112
Tridax Daisies among the Mulberry trees
101
Trimble, Lydia A.
27
Tsurumi, E.P.
7n
United Nations Development Programme
152, 201
urban culture
96, 99, 105
US-based Ford Foundation
147, 148
waistcoats
109
Wang, Lucy C. (Wang Shijing çä¸é; 1897â1983)
55, 83
Wang Zheng
4n, 56, 92, 200, 282
way of posing questions in the classroom
252
weave
101â102, 106,117, 126, 130
Weaving Special Issue (1946)
127
Weeks, Jeffrey
200
Weeks and Company
94â95
West Winds Reaching the East
104
Westernized values
95
When Will My Prince Return
99
White, Laura M. (1867â1937)
50, 92
woman question
2
Women and Clothing
109
women rule the inside and men rule the outside
171
Womenâs Education in the last 25 Years of China
115
womenâs education/female educationVIII
, 1â2, 4, 4nâ5n, 6â7, 9, 12, 13n, 14â15, 15n, 16, 16n, 17, 19â21, 21n, 22, 22n, 23, 23n, 24â25, 28, 30, 33, 39, 47, 51n, 52, 68, 76, 81, 86â87, 89, 105, 107â108, 111, 114â116, 120â122, 124, 131, 132n, 133, 143, 146, 148, 152, 164, 199, 203â204, 215, 276
womenâs occupational education
50n, 115â116
Womenâs Pictorial
112â113
womenâs sericulture school
116
womenâs work for women
46
wool knitting product competition
142
Wu Dingchang
20
Wu Kangning
169, 200
Wu Yifang (å´è´»è³; 1893â1985)
55, 57, 66, 68, 70, 76, 79, 90â92
Wuben Nüxue (Wuben Girlsâ School)
9
Wuxi
22
Xiafei Road (near Huaihai Center Road)
95â96, 126, 133
Xiafei Road Deep at Night
96
Xiao Hong
110â111, 111n
Xie Wanying (è°¢å©è¹)
71, 90
Ximo Road (todayâs Shaanxi North Road)
96, 98
Xin Ping
99â100, 138, 149
Xin Xin Company
119
Xinmin congbao (New Peopleâs Miscellany)
17â18
Xiuhua Lane
26
Xu Guangping
110â111, 111n
Xu Yizhen å¾äº¦è (also known as Y.T. Zee and Mrs. Way-sung New, 1894â1981)
26, 57, 79â82, 84, 90
Xu Zhimo
5n
Xuebu (Board of Education)
9
Yale-in-China Association
45
Yali Middle School
45
Yan Caiyun (严彩éµ, also known as Daisy Yen Wu; 1902â1993)
81
Yanagi SÅetsu
100, 100n
Yangtze basin
27, 47n
Yangzhou Womenâs Work Apprenticeship Center
116
yarn weaving
102â104, 125n, 127n, 129, 129n, 132, 142n, 146â147
yearning to be westernised (mu ouhua)
20
Yi Shengtai Wool Shop
119
Yiyi Nüxue (Girlsâ School of Interpreting Skills)
9
Yonglin Lu
2
Young, E.
3, 3n
Young, Michael F.
154â155, 200â201
Yu Qingtang
115
Yuan Shikai
3
Yuanchang Radio Station
120
Yujiao Nüxue (Girlsâ School of Pleasant Instruction)
9
Zeng Baosun
5n, 21n, 91
Zeng Guofan
5n
Zhang Yufa
5n, 9n, 10n, 13n, 15n, 18n
Zhang Yuyi
5n
Zhang Zhidong
7, 9, 9n, 12
Zhen Bao
136â137
Zheng Boqi
96
Zheng Guanying
12, 13n, 14, 14n
Zhongguo Nüxuetang (Chinese Girlsâ School)
8
Zhonghua funü jie (Chinese Womenâs World)
15
Zhonghua jiaoyu gaijin she(comp.)
6
Zhounan Girlsâ School
4n
Zhu Tianwen
109, 145n, 150
Zhu Xi
162
Zuixin nüzi xiushen jiaokeshu
16n