Illustrations
2.1 Album (compiled in the eighteenth century), Mehmed III, Topkapı Palace Library, H.2169, fol. 12b. 32
2.2 Ganizade Nadiri’s Divan (c. 1605), Topkapı Palace Library, H. 889, fol. 8b. 33
2.3 Süleyman I at Üsküdar, Hünername II (1589), Topkapı Palace Library, H. 1524, fol. 227b. 35
2.4 Şehinşahname II (1597), Topkapı Palace Library, B.200, fol. 98b-99a. 36
2.5 Outdoor recreation at Kağıthane on the Golden Horn by Thomas Allom, “The Babyses, or the Sweet Waters of Europe”, from Allom and Walsh, Constantinople and the Scenery of the Seven Churches of Asia Minor, 1838. 39
2.6 Outdoor recreation at Göksu on the Bosphorus by William H. Bartlett, “Fountain near the Asian Valley of Sweet Waters on the Bosphorus”, from Miss Pardoe, The Beauties of the Bosphorus, 1838. 39
3.1 “Entry of the [Venetian] Consul into Aleppo”, by Guillaume-Joseph Grelot, Bembo, Ambrosio, Il viaggio, Tavola VIII. From the James Ford Bell Library, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. 49
3.2 “Caravan”, Choiseul-Gouffier, Marie-Gabriel-Auguste-Florent, Voyage pittoresque, 1822, vol. I, plate 104, after p. 164. John Hay Library, Brown University Library. 50
3.3 “View of the interior of a khan or caravanserai”, Choiseul-Gouffier, Marie-Gabriel-Auguste-Florent, Voyage pittoresque, 1822, vol. II, pt. 1, plate 7, before p. 56. John Hay Library, Brown University Library. 50
3.4 “View of the interior of a khan or Caravanserai” (inset), Choiseul-Gouffier, Marie-Gabriel-Auguste-Florent, Voyage pittoresque, 1822, vol. II, pt. 1, plate 7, before p. 56. John Hay Library, Brown University Library. 51
3.5 “Fête turque”, Choiseul-Gouffier, Marie-Gabriel-Auguste-Florent, Voyage pittoresque, 1822, vol. I, plate 77, after p. 136. John Hay Library, Brown University Library. 53
3.6 “Turk tournament”, Choiseul-Gouffier, Marie-Gabriel-Auguste-Florent, Voyage pittoresque, 1822, vol. I, plate 110, after p. 170. John Hay Library, Brown University Library. 54
4.1 A Ferris-wheel for the festivities of Eid celebrating the end of Ramazan. Original label unknown. Dated c. 1660. Reproduced from Franz Taeschner’s now-lost album published in Alt-Stambuler Hof- und Volksleben: Ein Türkische Miniaturenalbum aus dem 17 Jahrhundert, 1925, plate 46. 63
4.2 Turkish woman walking to a bath house. Dated c. 1580. Kassel, Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 4 MS hist. 31, fol. 172r. 68
4.3 Exterior of the bath house. Dated c. 1580. Kassel, Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 4 MS hist. 31, fol. 174r. 69
4.4 Interior of the bath house. Dated c. 1580. Kassel, Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 4 MS hist. 31, fol. 176r. 70
4.5 An example of dribble paper (also known as ‘tree-root’ marbled paper), which seeks to imitate marbled paper. Dated c. 1580. Cambridge, Trinity College, MS. R.14.23 (The Dryden Album), flyleaf fol. 2r. 73
4.6 An example of marbled paper. Dated c. 1580. Cambridge, Trinity College, MS. R.14.23 (The Dryden Album), fol. 14 interleaf 2r. 74
4.7 An example of silhouette paper. Dated c. 1580. Cambridge, Trinity College, MS. R.14.23 (The Dryden Album), fol. 49 interleaf 1v. 75
4.8 Image of a dwarf (cüce) at the imperial court. Stockholm, Kungliga Biblioteket, Cod. Rål. 8:0 nr 10 (Rålamb Album), no. 52. 76
4.9 Image of a mute (dilsiz) at the imperial court, labelled in Latin mutus. Stockholm, Kungliga Biblioteket, Cod. Rål. 8:0 nr 10 (Rålamb Album), no. 94. 78
4.10 The second court at the Topkapı Palace, Istanbul (with closed flap). Dated c. 1580. Kassel, Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 4 MS hist. 31, fol. 116r. 79
4.11 The second court at the Topkapı Palace, Istanbul (with open flap). Dated c. 1580. Kassel, Landesbibliothek und Murhardsche Bibliothek, Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 4 MS hist. 31, fol. 116r. 79
4.12 The Straits of the Bosphorus. Dated 1588. Bodleian Library, MS Or. 430, fol. 2. 83
4.13 Image of a Turkish lady, identified by Mundy as a musician and singer, flanked by cut-paper flowers. London, British Museum, MS 1974.0617.0.13 (Peter Mundy’s album), fol. 49. 84
6.1 a, b Information on a ball, Tuna (Dunav), IX, issue 843, 23 January 1874 123
6.2 Photograph of the orchestra of Mihai Shafran, Shumen (Şumnu), 1851, ДА – Шумен, ф. 33К, оп. 3, а.е. 1. 126
6.3 Advertisement in Tuna for the performance of the drama Unhappy Genoveva and of the comedy The Foolish Fantasy in the Islahhane Hotel hall on 1 April 1871. 129
6.4 Advertisement in Tuna for the performance of the comedy The Civilization Misunderstood (by Dobri Voinikov) in the Islahhane Hotel hall on 26 October 1871. 130
6.5 Gypsy puppet players near Mahala, “Joueurs de marionettes Tsiganes à Mahala”, engraving in Kanitz, Felix, La Bulgarie danubienne et le Balkan: Etudes de voyage (1860-1880), 1882, p. 227. 132
6.6 “Magic tools and toys on sale”, Tuna (Dunav), VIII, issue 669, 23 April 1872. 133
6.7 “Roustchouk”, engraving in Kanitz, Felix, La Bulgarie danubienne et le Balkan: Etudes de voyage (1860-1880), 1882, p. 123. 135
9.1 Front cover of Ahmed Tevfik’s Velosiped İle Bir Cevelan. 191
9.2 Detailed chart of the itinerary, Velosiped İle Bir Cevelan, pp. 124-5. 195
9.3 Map of Istanbul and the province of Bursa – Ahmed Tevfik’s tour, Meyers Reisebücher, Türkei, Rumänien, Serbien, Bulgarien, 1902, p. 322. 196
11.1 Playbill for Açık Bono, Mukadderat Hakimdir, Lades, and Gerdaniye Buselik. 226
11.2 An unidentified Ottoman military unit entertaining at a village circumcision ceremony. 229
11.3 Kadın Dersi at Pervaya Rechka prison camp, Russia. 232
11.4 A Kampı Heyet-i Temsiliyesi (Camp “A” Theater Committee) Egypt. 234
11.5 Yarın, Sidi Bishr camp newspaper (Egypt), cover page. 235
11.6 Yarın, Sidi Bishr camp newspaper (Egypt), cover page. 237
11.7 Unidentified location and actors. 238
11.8 An unidentifed play, Pervaya Rechka prison camp, Russia. 240
11.9 An unidentified play, Pervaya Rechka prison camp, Russia. 241
11.10 Playbill for İbn-ür Refik Ahmet Nuri’s Hisse-i Şaiya, Egypt. 242
11.11 Playbill for the fifth showing of Diken, Egypt. 246
11.12 Crowded theater scene, Yarın, Sidi Bishr camp newspaper, Egypt. 251
11.13 Scene from an unidentified play in Egypt. 254
11.14 Actors from an unidentified play in Egypt. 254
11.15 Actors from Rivayet-i [Banu] Adiy, Malta. 255