Figures
5.1 Khānqāh al-Ṣalāḥiyya in Jerusalem, views of the portal elevation. Photo by Daphna Ephrat 109
5.2 Khānqāh al-Ṣalāḥiyya in Jerusalem, the mosque minaret. Photo by Daphna Ephrat 110
5.3 Khānqāh al-Farāfra in Aleppo, muqarnas hood. Yasser Tabbaa Archive, courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center, MIT Libraries (AKDC@MIT) 111
5.4 Khānqāh al-Farāfra in Aleppo, detail of upper part of courtyard with citadel in background. Yasser Tabbaa Archive, courtesy of Aga Khan Documentation Center, MIT Libraries (AKDC@MIT) 112
7.1 View of the open-air burial and entrance portal from the courtyard of Turbat-i Shaykh Aḥmad Jām. Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 160
7.2 View of tomb enclosures added on the site of Shāh Khalīlullāh’s mausoleum in Bidar; both as an independent structure, and attached to the main ninth-/fifteenth-century mausoleum (right). Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 163
7.3 View of the raised platforms at the shrine complex of Bahāʾ al-Dīn Naqshband at Bukhara. Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 164
7.4 View of open-air grave in front of the entrance īvān at the mausoleum of Zayn al-Dīn Abū Bakr Tāybādī. Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 164
7.5 Elevated view of the astāna of Shāh Niʿmatullāh Walī in Māhān developed around the ninth-/fifteenth-century dome chamber from the tenth/sixteenth through twentieth centuries. Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 166
7.6 View of the Ṣūfī cells, tomb, and mosque at the tekke of Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Rūmī, and the Selīmīye mosque (right) in Konya. Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 167
7.7 View of the tomb of Nizām al-Dīn Awliyāʾ (centre) and the mosque (on the left) at his shrine complex in Delhi. Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 169
7.8 View of Salīm Chishtī’s tomb within the great mosque of Fatehpur Sikri (located in the southern part of the palace complex). Photo by Peyvand Firouzeh 169
9.1 Servants at the zāwiya of Shaykh Raḍwān during the saint’s mawlid (Upper Egypt). Photo by Rachida Chih 207
9.2 Servants at the soup kitchen of the zāwiya of Shaykh Raḍwān during the saint’s mawlid (Upper Egypt). Photo by Rachida Chih 207
12.1 Shrine of Dede Garkın in Dedeköy near Mardin (eastern Anatolia). Photo by Ahmet Yaşar Ocak 244
12.2 Exterior of Bābā Ilyās shrine near Amasya (Black Sea Region). Photo by Ahmet Yaşar Ocak 244
12.3 Interior of Bābā Ilyās shrine near Amasya (Black Sea Region). Photo by Ahmet Yaşar Ocak 245
14.1 ʿAbd al-Qādir Jīlānī sitting upon a throne, Mughal, eighteenth century. Courtesy of Victor & Albert Museum, South & South East Asia Collection 298
14.2 Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī holding a globe, detail of miniature by Bichitr from Minto Album, c. 1610–18, India. Courtesy of Chester Beatty Library 299
15.1 Youth and Dervish, Isfahan, second quarter of the seventeenth century. Courtesy of Metropolitan Museum, Rogers Fund, 1911 305
15.2 Akbar and Jahangir in apotheosis (folio from the St. Petersburg Album), attributed to Bichitr, about 1640. Private Collection 310
20.1 The silsila of the Ṭarīqa ʿAlawiyya belonging to the Ḥaḍramī scholar Aḥmad b. ʿAbdallāh al-ʿAṭṭās (d. 1929) of Pekalongan (Central Java, Indonesia). Photo by Ismail Fajrie Alatas 377