Index
Academics
181
acorns
29–30
adrenalin
80
Aegina
31–32
Aelius Aristides
74, 86
Aelius Promotus
78
afterlife
221
agriculture, origins of
29
Agrippina
237
akrasia (lack of self-control)
116–23, 127, 135–6
Alcyonian Lake
236
Alexander of Aphrodisias
7, Chapter 10
Alexandria
78
Amphictyon, king of Athens
23, 26–27, 34
amulets
57
Amundsen, D.
85–86
analgesics
4, Chapter 4
Anaxagoras
207
ancestral guilt
219–22
Andromachos, pharmacologist
68
anesthesia
4–5, 55, 56, 76–79
anger
163, 202–3, 210
anger-control
216–17
animals
19, 96, 107, 202, 204, 206, 207, 208–9, 238
Anonymus Parisinus
73
Anthesteria
25–26
Anthologia Palatina
24
anti-hedonism
5, 12–13, Chapters 6 and 10
Antisthenes, follower of Socrates
13
Antonius Musa, physician
5, 84, 86, 89–90
Apelles
24, 31
aphrodisiacs
48, 66
Aphrodite
19, 21, 24, 31, 32–33
Apollo
215, 223, 231–2, 236
Apollonius, follower of Herophilus
68 n.60, 82
Apollonius of Rhodes
19
Apollophanes, recipe of
69
Archestratos
16
Ardiaeus, Pamphylian tyrant
235–6
Aretaeus of Cappadocia
72–73
Aridaeus, myth of
Chapter 12
Aristippos, philosopher
32
Aristophanes
23, 30, 32, 231–3
Aristotle
5, 6, 7–8, 12, 13 n.34, 21, 56, 79, 93, 94, 96 n.14, 98, 99, 102, 103–5, 106, 109–10, 113, 162, 165, Chapters 10 and 11 passim, 216, 230–3
Artemidorus
233 n.47
arthritis
61
Asclepiades of Bithynia
67, 83–84, 91
Asclepiades Pharmakion
68
Asclepius
76
Asmis, E.
6, 11, Chapter 8, 160–1
Aspasius
177 n.16, 204
aspirin
55
ataraxia
6, 147, 152
Athens, Athenians
16, 18, 23–24, 25, 28, 29, 34, 114–15
Bacon, Francis
154
Baiae
90–91
Bailey, C.
141
barley
31, 65
baths as medical treatment
83, 89–90
Beazley Archive
28
Betjeman, J.
140
Bion of Borysthenes
221
bleeding
65, 86
Bonner, Campbell
57
books, loss of
46
Boudon-Millot, V.
2, 3–4, Chapter 3
bouleumata (plans)
119
Bourke, J.
80
Bronze Age Greece
63
Burckhardt, J.
18, 23
Caelius Aurelianus
71–72, 84
calculus, pain/pleasure
99; and
see measuring pain and pleasure
Callimachus
19
Cassius Dio
234
cautery
61, 77, 86
Celsus
69–70, 78, 84–85
centaurs
27, 28
Champlin, E.
239
Cheng, W.
7, 12, Chapter 10
childbirth
53–54, 55, 59
children and wine-drinking
26
Christian doctrine
154
Chrysippus
37–38
Cimon
217
cithara-boys
17
Clay, D.
145
comedy, Attic
16–18
consolation literature
9, 209–10
contemplation, life of
103
contraception
62
Corinthian girls
16–17
Cos
24
courage
117, 134–6
Crantor
77
Crete, Cretans
20, 21, 24, 34, 59
Critolaus of Phaselis
189, 190
Csikszentmihayli, M., on ‘flow’
7, 169–72
Curry, S. A.
238
Darwin
81
Davidson, J.
3, Chapter 2
death
Chapter 11 passim
de Harven, V.
5, Chapter 7
Delphi, Delphians
220, 236
Delphic Oracle
22, 25, 237
Democedes of Croton
48, 58
democracy
114–15
Demosthenes
203
dental procedure
68
Descartes
37
diet, savage vs. civilized
30–31
dietetics
58, 88
Diocles of Carystus
66–67
Diogenes Laertius
161, 198
Dionysius, ‘Methodist’ medical writer
84
Dionysus
3, 22–23, 25, 26, 28, 33, 223, 233
Dioscorides
50, 71, 77–78
dittany
59
divisio Carneadea
192
doctors see physicians
‘doublespeak’
238
‘doublethink’
113 n.7
dove’s blood
81
drugs, methods of delivery of
74
earache
60
Egypt, Egyptians
218
Electra
205
Eleusinian Mysteries
29
empathy
2
Empedocles
1
emperor, criticism of
214, 238–9
energeia (activity)
7, 110, Chapter 10 passim
Epicurus, Epicureans
5, 6, 8, 38, 93 n.3, 94, 96–97, 99–101, Chapter 8, 185, 186–7, 202, 205, 206–7, 213, 215, 230
epigennêmata (accompaniments)
Chapter 9 passim
Er, myth of
235–6
erôs, Eros
3, 19, 23, 32
erysipelas
66
Ethiopia
33, 220
Eudoxus, philosopher
104, 199–200
eupatheiai
157
Euripides
2, 9, 25, 34, 55, 119–20, 215, 225
Exekias
28
experimentation
72 n.84
Fagan, G.
2, 11
fear
9, 38, 149; and
see phobos
fish-eating
3, 15–17
‘flow’
169–72
Folch, M.
8, 11, Chapter 12
Frazer, R. M.
232
Freud
1
frogs
231
Gabii
91
Galen
3–4, Chapter 3 passim, 68, 73–74, 79–80, 81, 106
Ganymede
20–21, 24, 32
gastronomy
12, 16
gaudium
6–7, 36–37, 157–63, 169–72; and
see joy
Gelon, Sicilian tyrant
217
Genesis
53
genos (family, lineage)
220–2, 235
gladiatorial fighting
11
gloating
11, 13, 14, Chapter 8
gods
152–3, Chapter 12
goodness
95, 118, 216
Gorgias
52–53
gout
61, 66, 75
grief see see lupê
Grosseteste, Robert
175 n.4
guilt see ancestral guilt
Hahm, D. E.
189
Halicarnassus
18
Harris, W. V.
4, Chapter 4
headache
60, 72
Hector
134–5
hedonism
5–6, 7, Chapters 6 and 7, 139, Chapter 10 passim
hellebore
65, 72
Hellenism under the Roman Empire
214
henbane (hyoscyamus)
70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 79, 82
Heracles
27, 28
Hermaphroditos
18
Herodotus
33, 58
Herophilus
65 n.46, 67
Hesiod
19, 23, 32, 218
Hieron I, Sicilian tyrant
217
hilaritas
158–9
Hippias, sophist
129, 130
Hippocrates, works attributed to
3, 4, 30–31, 40–41, 42–43, 44–45, 48–49, 52, 56, 58–65
Hippomedeia
28
history, Plutarch’s way of making sense of
224
Homer
3, 15–16, 27, 33–34, 48, 54, 62, 77, 134–5
Homeric Hymn to Demeter
28–29, 35 n.74
Homeric Hymn to Dionysus
23
homosexuality
3, 17, 20–22, 24, 34
Horace
89–91
Hyginus
19, 32
Icarion, village in Attica
22
Icarios, hero
22, 26
iconographic evidence
14, 23–24, 25, 28, 29, 31, 32
illnesses, causes of
44–48
initiation
151–2
insomnia
66
inventors, mythical
18–19
Inwood, B.
175–6, 190
Iphigeneia
146
irony, Socratic
112
Italian vase-painting
25
joy
Chapter 9; and
see ‘flow’, gaudium
Jünger, E.
1 n.3
Kahn, C.
119
King, D.
10 n.18
Konstan, D.
7–8, Chapter 11
kukeôn
61 n.27
laetitia
158–9
Laius (father of Oedipus)
20, 34
Lamb, Charles
140
Leda
87
Leith, D.
85
Liddell and Scott
63
lotus-eating
33–34
Lucian
75
Lucretius
6, Chapter 8, 206
lupê (grief, distress, pain), lupai
7–8, 9, 36–37, 38, 46, 182 n.34, Chapter 11
luxury
100, 149; and
see sumptuary rules
Lyco of Troas
190–1
Lydiadas, tyrant
217
mandragora
66, 70, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 82
Mann, W.-R.
5, Chapter 7
the ‘many’
124–7, 129–30, 132
C. Marius
81
Marlborough (school)
140
marriage
18–19
Martial
86–88, 91
McVane, S.
2, 6–7, Chapter 9
measuring pain and pleasure
127–8, 135–6; and
see calculus, pain/pleasure
meat
16
Medea
55, 119, 134–135
medicine
4, Chapter 3, 237
popular
56–57
progress in
56
Memmius
149
‘Methodist’ physicians
4, 5, 71–72, 83–85, 88, 89
midwives
59
Miltiades
217
Misgolas
17
Mitsis, P.
141
moderation
47, 52; and
see sôphrosunê
moods
157, 158
Moss, J.
121, 133 n.46
motivation
98, Chapter 7 passim
Muses
144
music
10, 16, 17
nature, natural state
40–42, 43–44, 93–94, 96–97, 142, 145, 146
Nea Paphos (Cyprus), House of Dionysus
22 n.25
Nero
8, Chapter 12 passim; false Neros 237–8
Neuss (Rhineland)
71
Nicander
232, 234
Nicomedes, physician at Rome
67
‘non-hedonism’
5, Chapter 6
norms
97, 112 n.5
novels, Roman
85–86
nutrition see diet
Nutton, V.
63
O’Brien, M. J.
116
old age
55
opium
62, 68–71, 73, 74, 79, 82
‘opposites cured by opposites’
50–51
orgasm
43, 44
orgê (rage)
36–37; and see anger
origins, Greek obsession with
31–32, 35
Otto, W. F.
33
Ouranos see Uranus
Ovid
68
Oxyrhynchus
69
pain, passim
experience of
80–81
freedom from
Chapter 8
nature of
182–4
psychological
9
resistance to
10, 79–82
terminology of
2, 9, 39–40, 59 n.20, 182 n.34, 202
and
see analgesics, anesthesia, lupê
papaver somniferum
58 n.10, 64, 71; and
see opium
Parker, R.
26 n.45
pathê
8, 36–37, 38–39, 105, 201, 210–11
Pausanias
234, 236
pederasty
35; and
see homosexuality
Pegasus of Eleutherae, brought Dionysus to Athens
25
Peirithous
28
Peisistratus
217
penology see punishments
Pentheus
28
peplos (euphorbia peplus L.)
65
Pericles
220
Peripatetics
178, 185, 189–90, 192–3
Persephone
28–29
Petronius
88, 231
Phaedo
205–6
Phaedra
119, 134–5
Phaedrus
231
Phalaris, bull of
80
phallus
22
pharmaka
49–50, Chapter 4 passim
Pharmakitis
60–61
philia
204
Philo, ‘Methodist’ physician
89
Philo of Tarsus
74–75
Philochoros
26
Philoctetes
58, 79
Philodemus
153
philôneion (analgesic)
74
philosophy, history of
12–13
phobos (fear)
37
Pholos
28
Phryne
24, 31, 32
phthonos (envy)
37
physicians
4, 5, Chapters 3, 4 and 5 passim; reputation of 67, 75–76, 86–87, 91
Pindar
20, 27
pity
141, 148, 152–3, 154
placebo effects
63, 75–76
plague, Athenian
220
plants in classical texts, identification of
63
Planudes
231
Plato
2, 3, 5–6, 9, 11, 12, 15–16, 17, 20, 21, 24, 30, 31, 40, 41, 53, 59, Chapters 6 and 7 passim, 205, 213, 216, 217, 227, 233, 234; ps.-Plato 148
pleasure, passim
definition of
38, 181
empty, natural, necessary
99–100
kinetic vs. katastematic
151
psychic
10–12
scholarly writing about
1
sensory, meaning of
10
terminology
2, 9, 39
in therapeutics
48–50
and time
Chapter 2 passim
a unified phenomenon?
108–110
and
see anti-hedonism, ‘non-hedonism’, hedonism, as well as particular pleasures
Pliny the Elder
19, 31, 75, 78, 81, 83–84, 91–92
Plutarch
8, 21, 81, 88–89, 151 n.19, 206–7, Chapter 12
poet, the pleasures of the
143–5
poison, poisoning
86, 237
Polyphemus
27
Poseidon
20
Praxiteles
24, 31
priamel
139–40, 147, 154
Prioreschi, P.
64
Prodicus, sophist
129, 130–131
propatheiai
160, 163
Propertius
90
Protagoras
Chapter 7 passim
Protarchos
95, 104, 107
prudence
100–101
ptisanê
65
pulse
44
punishments
13, 217; divine, Chapter 12; Roman 225
Puteoli
223
Pythian Games
236
refinement
12
religion as monster
145–6
Renaut, O.
210–11, 211–12
research program
9–14
resurrection
237–8
revenge
216
Riddle, J.
62–63
Romans
144, 148, 149, 153–4
Rostan, L. L.
48 n.38
Ryle, G.
1
sage, the Stoic
Chapter 9 passim 208
Sansone, D.
235
Schadenfreude see gloating
sciatica
61
Scribonius Largus
10, 67–68, 70–71
sea-urchins
107
Seneca
6–7, Chapter 9, 207–10
senses
4, 40–42, 97
sexual desire
46–47, 48
sexual pleasure
3, 4, 5, 12, 17, 19, 20, 36, 43–44, 87–88, 91
Sharples, R. W.
189
shepherds
22
ships and Nero
237
Sibyl, the
223
Sicilian cuisine
16
Sicyon
25
Sidgwick, H.
109 n.48, etc.
Sisyphus
148
slaves
55
Socrates
6, 20–21, 52, 59, 95–96, Chapter 7 passim, 148, 205–6, 228
Sophocles
29, 58, 205
sôphrosunê
115 n.9
Soranus
71, 84, 88, 91
Sosicrates, philosopher
193–4, 195
soul, tripartite
122 n.25, 138
Sourvinou-Inwood, C.
25
Sparta, Spartans
20, 21–22, 34
state, role of the, in imparting pain and pleasure
13–14
C. Stertinius Xenophon
86
Stobaeus
52, 162
Stoics, Stoicism
5, 6–7, 8, 79, 105–6, 110, Chapter 9, 184 n.39, 187 n.45, 191–3, 198, 202, 205, 207–8
storax
73
Strohl, M. S.
176 n.4
students, how to deal with
153
‘Substance P’
54
Suetonius
231–2, 234–5, 236, 238
sumptuary rules
13
supervenience of pleasure on activity
Chapter 10 passim
surgery
10, 76–79; cosmetic 81
swans
230–1
Sybaris
220
Tacitus
235
Taylor, A. E.
134
Tecusan, M.
89
tetanus
42–43
thapsia
72
theatre
224–7, 237, 239
Thebes, Thebans
21, 34
Themison
84
Themistocles
217
Theodectes, playwright
79
Theophrastus
59, 66
therapeutics
4, 5, 36, 48–53
Thrasyas of Mantinea
65 n.43
Thucydides
25, 94 n.7, 220
thumos (spirit, pride, anger, etc.)
37, 119 n.19
Tierra del Fuego
81
Titus, emperor
223
toothache
60, 70, 71, 99
tranquillitas
159, 169
transmigration of souls
221, 231
trepanation
81
Triptolemos
28–29
tyrants
218
Tyrrhenian pirates
23, 28
underworld
150–1, 222–4, 236
United States, medicine in (early 19th century)
76
Uranus
19
varicose veins
81
Vergil
68
Verginius Rufus, consul and philosopher
193–4, 195
Vesuvius
223
virginity
88
virtue, unity or disunity of
115–16
Vogt, K. M.
5, 12, Chapter 6, 162
voyeurism
11, 14
Wallace-Hadrill, A.
90
war
172
Wazer, C.
5, Chapter 5
weddings, Athenian
29
wheat
30
White, S. A.
190
willow-bark
55, 71
wine-drinking
3, 22–28, 31, 33, 35
as medical treatment
83
wounds
55, 59
Xenophon
21–22
Xenophon, physician see Stertinius
Zadorojnyi, A. V.
233
Zeno
38
Zeus
20–21, 24, 27, 32