Index
AAA v. Unilever PLC
91, 95
accountability
.
see international organizations, accountability
act of state doctrine
94
ADF Group v. US
366
Akpan v. Royal Dutch Shell PLC
89
Alabama Great Southern Railroad v. Carroll
38–9, 48, 56
Algiers Agreement
325–6, 345
Annan, Kofi
101
Araya v. Nevsun Resources Ltd.
89–90, 94–5
Austin, John
214
Bahrain, Qatar v Bahrain
254, 308
Bangladesh, Bangladesh v India
283
Barbados, Barbados/Trinidad and Tobago
268–9
Baxter, William
53, 57, 59
Beale, Joseph
26
bilateral investment treaties
162–3, 165, 168–70, 172, 174, 177
Bilcon v. Canada
384–93
Bisaz, Corsin
190–4
Bosnia and Herzegovina
136
Bostwana, Kasikili/Sedudu Island (Botswana/Namibia)
307
Brilmayer, Lea
rights analysis
.
see rights analysis
territorialist thesis
180, 201–3
Brussels Convention (Brussels I Regulation Recast)
85–7
Burkina Faso, Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso/Republic of Mali)
306
Cameroon, Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria
307
Certain Activities Carried Out by Nicaragua in the Border Area (Nicaragua v Costa Rica)
309–10
Chagos Archipelago
259–63, 266–7
Chechnya
141
China
land reclamation activities
292
South China Sea, arbitration
270–4, 276–8, 319–23
choice of law
domiciliaries
36–7
extraterritorial application of American law
36
geographic scope limitations
65–6, 68–75
local law theory
75–6
multi-factor balancing
.
see center-of-gravity approach
39
multilateral rules
58–61, 63
presumption against extraterritoriality
34–5
priority
37
rules of priority
54–55
single-factor trigger
38–40
state choice-of-law rules
47–9
statutory interpretation
30–2, 34, 52, 59, 65
territoriality
39–40
two-step approach
26, 36, 43–44, 49–51, 53–4, 64–5
unilateral rules
58, 60
choice, of law, center-of-gravity approach
39
comparative impairment analysis
58–9
compensation, individuals
.
see international claims commissions
constructivism
132–3, 145–6, 150
Costa Rica, Certain Activities Carried Out by Nicaragua in the Border Area (Nicaragua v Costa Rica)
309–10
countermeasures
.
see diplomatic protection
Currie, Brainerd
26n7, 27, 30–1, 33–4, 51, 52, 55–6
selfish state hypothesis
34–5
Declaration on Friendly Relations
101
democratic legitimacy
100, 102
Democratic Republic of Congo
140
Dicey, Alfred Venn
208, 210
diplomatic protection
327
countermeasures
331
diplomatic inviolability
328–35
individual access to justice
227–8
restrictions
330
self-defence
330–1
disappearing states
.
see maritime allocations, disappearing states
dispute settlement, evidence
.
see earth observation data
earth observation data
297–9
admissibility
301–2, 304
case studies
306–11
expert decision makers
314–5
international proceedings
302–5, 308–9
measures to ensure reliability
311–2
national proceedings
300–2
probative value
300, 312, 322–3
standards stated by the ICJ
312–4
use in South China Sea Case
321–3
use of experts
315–21
Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission
326
Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission
96, 326–7
.
international mass claims commissions
partial award on Eritrea’s claim
336–40
partial award on Ethiopia’s claim
341–4
partial awards analysis
344–8
partial awards overall
335–6
partial awards’ impact
348–51
Eritrea
Eritrea and Yemen (Maritime Delimitation)
269
Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission
.
see Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission
history
324–5
Ethiopia, Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission
.
see Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission
Ethiopia
history
325
federal extraterritoriality doctrine
45–7, 74
Figuieredo Ferraz v. Peru
92–3
foreign investment
164, 175
.
bilateral investment treaties, free trade agreements
forum non conveniens
avoidance technique
87–91
challenges to avoidance techniques
92
European approach
84–5
judicial function
93–7
MNCs
87–91
other approaches
83–4
parallel proceedings
86–7
UK approach
82–3
US approach
80–2
free trade agreements
162–3
Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso/Republic of Mali)
306
Glamis Gold. v US
368–75
governmental interest analysis
.
see interest analysis
Hartford Fire Insurance Co. v. California
46, 60
Honduras, Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua/Honduras)
309
Hong Kong
167–9
human rights
indigenous populations
185–6, 199
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
182–3, 198
non-discrimination
184
protection
101–2, 193, 226–7
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
211
ideological communication
100, 103
India, Bangladesh v India
283
interest analysis
26n7, 27, 30–2, 34n34, 35, 51–2, 56–7
international adjudication, incidental jurisdiction
266–9
international economic law
institutions
152–3, 161–2
regime
160–1
international legal personality
159
international mass claims commissions
characteristics
222–6
Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission
225, 234–7, 239, 243–6
individual redress
226, 235–9, 246
Iran-US Claims Tribunal
225–6, 232–3, 235–9, 240–2, 245–6
nationality issues
239–46
UN Compensation Commission
225–6, 233–4, 236–9, 242, 246
international organizations
accountability
206
administrative law
208–9, 214
human rights approach
211–3
law governing
206–7, 210
rule of law
208–10
trusteeship beyond the state
215–6
trusteeship for accountability
213–5, 219–20
trusteeship for humanity
216–9
international recognition
.
see recognition
Iran-US Claims Tribunal
.
see international mass claims commissions
Iran, Oil Platforms (Iran v. US)
307–8, 313
islands
253–4
archipelagic states
254, 280–1
artificial
293
definition of
253, 274–6, 290
disputed
256–8, 263–7, 270
location of
255
part of archipelagoes
254–5
jurisdictional immunities
.
see state immunity
Kasikili/Sedudu Island (Botswana/Namibia)
307
Kosovo
quasi-state activities
164–7
UN Mission in Kosovo
212
Kramer, Larry
58–9, 61–4, 68, 72
Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria
307
Lauritzen v. Larsen
46, 55n44, 59–60
Lerner, Natan
187–90
Levy v Daniels U-Drive Auto Renting Co.
38–9
liberalism
145, 251
Liberia
143
Libya
144–5
low-tide elevations
254, 272, 280
Lungowe v. Vedanta Resources Plc
90–1
Mali, Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso/Republic of Mali)
306
maritime allocations
agreement
284
artificial constructions
293
baselines
279–82, 292
customary international law
285
disappearing states
285–9
dispute resolution mechanisms
258
effective occupation
276–7
land creation
289
sea-level rise
278–9, 283
territorial sovereignty disputes
.
islands, disputed
maritime zones
252, 272, 281
mass communications technology
100
Merrill & Ring v. Canada
376–84
Mesa Powers v. Canada
393–7
minimum standard of treatment
arbitrary conduct
367, 400–1
content in NAFTA
361
customary international law
357–8, 360–1, 366, 376, 384, 400
international judicial and arbitral decisions
360–1
interpretation in NAFTA
352–6, 398–9
states’ treaty practice
358–60
minorities, definition of
188
minority groups, rights
183, 194–5, 197
Mobil Investments Canada Inc. & Anor v. Canada
367
Mondev v. US
361–6
Morrison v. National Australia Bank Ltd
45–7
Namibia, Kasikili/Sedudu Island (Botswana/Namibia)
307
Nemeriam v. Ethiopia
96–7
Nicaragua
Certain Activities Carried Out by Nicaragua in the Border Area (Nicaragua v Costa Rica)
309–10
Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua/Honduras)
309
Nigeria
Biafra
131, 141
Land and Maritime Boundary between Cameroon and Nigeria
307
President Sani Abacha
140
non-interference in internal affairs
99, 101–2, 104
North American Free Trade Agreement
.
see minimum standard of treatment
Northern Cyprus
173–4
Nottebohm (Liechtenstein v. Guatemala)
227, 241
Nuclear Weapons Advisory Opinion
121–2
Oil Platforms (Iran v. US)
307–8, 313
Owusu v. Jackson
85–6
Palestine
169–70
Philippines, South China Sea arbitration
270–4, 276–8, 319–23
Pope & Talbot Inc. v. Canada
353–6
propaganda
.
see ideological communication
Qatar, Qatar v Bahrain
254, 308
quasi-states
151–2, 155–6, 178
treaty-making
159–60, 162
realism
145, 250, 251, 294
recognition
colonialism
147–8
communities
188–9
constitutive theory
130, 132, 134–5
declaratory theory
130, 132–3, 135–7, 147
deprivation of rights
195, 197
financial rewards
131, 138–40
group identity
194
legal title
141–2
of governments
144
of states
130, 131, 134, 137–8, 149, 157–8
protection of group interests
198–9
rebel groups
147–8, 150
regime change
143
sub-state groups
186–7, 189
.
minority groups
threshold tests for sub-state groups
187–96, 200–1
warlord politics
143
reparation, individuals
.
see international mass claims commissions
Restatement (First) of Conflict of Laws
26, 48, 56
Restatement (Second) of Conflict of Laws
26, 38, 50n31, 53
Restatement (Third) of Conflict of Laws
24–5, 49, 50n30, 50n31
rights analysis
28–30, 32–3, 37, 404
rocks
253–4, 272
definition of
274–6
Ieodo or Socotra Rock
290
Okinotorishima
291
rule of law
.
see international organizations, rule of law
satellite evidence
.
see earth observation data
sea-level rise
.
see maritime allocations, sea level rise
secession
140–1, 146, 147, 149, 151, 180, 201–3
self-defence
.
see diplomatic protection
self-determination
136, 184, 199–200
separatism
.
see secession
Sierra Leone
142
Somalia
140
Somaliland
176
South China Sea, arbitration
270–4, 276–8, 319–23
South Ossetia
173
South Sudan
176–7
state immunity
228–31
Al-Adsani v. United Kingdom
230
Jones and others v. United Kingdom
231
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State
228–30
statehood
149, 153, 252
.
recognition
submarine warfare
customary international law
112–3
treaty
112
Taiwan
170–3
technology
ban
113
customary international law
112, 125–6
flexible treaty formats
118–20
multilateral treaties
108–10
problems in regulation
110–3, 118
soft law
123–4
tech-neutral rules
120–2
tech-specific rules
122
weapons bans
114–7
Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua/Honduras)
309
territorialist thesis
.
see Brilmayer, Lea, territorialist thesis
Timor-Leste
177
Transnistria
175
Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados/Trinidad and Tobago
268–9
trusteeship
.
see international organizations
UNCLOS, interpretation or application
266–9, 271
United Nations Compensation Commission
.
see international mass claims commissions
United States, Oil Platforms (Iran v. US)
307–8, 313
use of force
141
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations
328
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations
328–30, 332–3, 337, 339, 341–4, 346
failure to protect inviolability
334–5
Waste Management II v. Mexico
366–7
Yemen, Eritrea and Yemen (Maritime Delimitation)
269
Zaire
.
see Democratic Republic of Congo