Chapter 5. The impact of different rice cultivars on soil methane emissions

L.S. da Silva; D.F. Moterle; J.M.S. de Oliveira

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Chapter 5. The impact of different rice cultivars on soil methane emissions

于Sustainable agroecosystems in climate change mitigation

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L.S. da Silva

L.S. da Silva
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D.F. Moterle

D.F. Moterle
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J.M.S. de Oliveira

J.M.S. de Oliveira
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类型:: 章节

Page Range:: 85–98

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-788-2_5

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Anaerobic conditions after the flooding of rice fields leads to the emission of methane (CH₄), however root exudates may reduce the production of this greenhouse gas (GHG). This is because plant aerenchyma may facilitate CH₄ diffusion from the soil into the atmosphere, and the oxygen (O₂) in roots could oxidize CH₄ into carbon dioxide (CO₂). Thus, the potential of soil CH₄ emissions could depend on morphological and physiological characteristics of the various rice cultivars. Determining which rice cultivar minimizes the emission of CH₄, a GHG with a global warming potential 23 times greater than that of CO₂, may play an important role in reducing the overall contribution of rice cultivation to global warming. The objective of this study was to evaluate the CH₄ emission potential from different rice cultivars and their relationship to morphological and physiological plant characteristics. Nineteen rice cultivars were selected, covering a wide variability in plant characteristics such as growth cycle, height, tillering capacity and yield. Plants were grown in plastic pots each containing 7 kg soil (Planosol) derived from a rice paddy under continuously flooded conditions. In predetermined intervals, air was sampled using a static closed chamber and a syringe to analyse CH₄ concentrations. The dynamics of the CH₄ emission rates were similar for all cultivars, with two peaks approximately three weeks after flooding and near flowering. However, the total amount of CH₄ emitted over the rice growing season was different between cultivars (ranging from 8.5 to 26.2 g/m²). General physiological and morphological plant characteristics did not completely explain the differences in CH₄ emission between rice cultivars, but shoot dry matter production and height were associated with CH₄ emission. Short plant rice cultivars with a short growing season and high yield had an overall lower emission of CH₄.

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Sustainable agroecosystems in climate change mitigation

ISBN:: 9789086867882

出版社:: Wageningen Academic

印刷出版日期:: 08 Apr 2014

Subjects
- Life Sciences
  - General
  - Agriculture & Environment

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Chapter 5. The impact of different rice cultivars on soil methane emissions

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