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ISSN 0169-8524
ISBN 978-90-04-74397-7
ISBN 978-90-04-74398-4 (PDF)
DOI
Library of Congress Control Number: 2025051205
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Cover illustration: The three roundels (the Timurid “flower” tamghā) and the motto rāstī rastī (“In truth is salvation”) on this volume’s front cover together form the emblem of Timurid sovereignty in Central Asia. Attested in contemporary Persian, Arabic, and European narrative sources, as well as on coins and seals, this device functioned as a visible expression of dynastic authority, legitimacy, and imperial self-representation.