Index
Aaron
57
shining-plate of
140
Abednego
216
Abezenthibou
50
Abraham
109
Abrasax. see Abraxas
Abraxas
120, 137, 139
Abyzion. see Abyzou
Abyzou
4, 48, 78, 129, 161, 163, 170, 208, 227, 234, 240, 258, 260
on medallions
226
on pendants
177, 208
Acts of Philip
39–40
Adam
74
adjuration
20, 24, 33, 37–39, 66, 69, 93, 100, 110, 112, 115, 117, 119–121, 130, 136, 140, 154, 185
Adonaeus. see Adonai
Adonai
118, 185
Adoration of the Magi
238, 242–243, 254
Adoration of the Shepherds
243
Adrat Lilî. see Lilith
Adventus
255, 257
Aelius Aristides
80, 86
Aelius Herodianus
86
aeon
27
Aëtius of Amida
157
Africa
144
Aitria
219
Akko. see Mormo
Alabasdria
77
alchemy
31
Aleppo
144
Alexamenos
A. graffito
199
Alexander (martyr)
67
Alexander of Macedon
103
A. mosaic (Pompeii)
103
A. sarcophagus
103
as rider
103
coinage
103–104
Alexander of Tralles
234
Alexander the Great
apotropaic tradition related to
103
Alexandria
16, 26, 39, 54
Aliquot, Julien
254
Allah
251
Alphabet of Ben Sira
74, 95, 98
Alphito. see Mormo
Amathous
145, 148
Amato, Paolo
133
Ambrosiaster
36
Epistle to Titus
36
Amorai-Stark, Shua
158
ampullae. see pilgrim
amulets
against hailstorm
137
archaeological context
143
as commodity
150
bilingual
213
Coptic
217
dating
146–147
on bone
258
on stone
258
personalized
150–151, 205, 207, 219, 221, 237, 239–240, 253–254
production of
150
replaced by pilgrim tokens
256
replaced by relics of saints
259
‘Solomonic’ a., definition
3
uterine
220
with Apollonius of Tyana
198
Anabardalea
260
Anabarza
161
Anamur. see Anemurium
Ananias
215
Anastasius of Sinai
58–59
Anatolia
144, 221
Anemurium
9, 145, 148, 258
angels
21, 45–47, 49–50, 74–75, 100, 105, 113, 117, 120, 164, 167, 177, 184–185, 202, 220, 230, 232, 243, 260–261
Araaph
5, 103, 105, 145, 217, 219, 227–229, 236, 243, 258, 260
as reapers
204
as stars
186
Azael
46
Cherubim
49, 69, 117, 184, 186, 210
fallen
17, 228
Gabriel
49, 119, 169, 184–186, 191–192, 210–211, 218, 220, 236, 241, 244
invocations of
185, 193, 218
Michael
49, 70, 119–120, 164, 169, 184–186, 191–192, 203, 210–211, 218, 220, 228, 236, 241, 244, 260
on medallions
226–227, 238–239, 241
Ouriel
210
Raphael
21, 45, 49, 119, 186, 210, 229, 236, 241, 244
Raziel
109
Seraphim
49, 69, 184, 186, 210
Uriel
49, 119, 184–186, 191, 218, 220, 236, 241, 243–244
anguipede
215, 246
Anna Perenna. see Rome
Annunciation
145, 239, 255
Antioch
57–58, 76, 103, 174
House of the Evil Eye
189–190
Antoninus Liberalis
83, 87
Antoninus Pius
104
Anzu
95
Apa Apollo
Monastery of
76
Aphrodite
113, 172
apocalypse
164
Apocalypse of John
115
Apollo
195
Apollonius of Tyana
83, 196
as magician
198
compared with Jesus
197
on amulets
198
on pendants
196
talismans of
197–198
Apuleius
84
Aquincum
124
Arabia
50, 68
Archelaos
67
Ardaph. see angels, Araaph
Ares
87, 171
Aristophanes
79, 81, 85, 90
Frogs
90
Aristotle
Nicomachean Ethics
80
Arkhaf. see angels, Araaph
Arlaph. see angels, Araaph
armbands
Christian markers
152
iatromagical function
252
materiality
252
personalized
150, 254
with Adventus
255
with Annunciation
255
with apotropaic lion
255
with chrismon
255
with Holy Rider
253–254
with Psalm 90(91)
252, 254–255
with root of Solomon
254–255
with trishagion
255
Arsaf. see angels, Araaph
Arsinoe
117, 119–120
Arslan Tash
70, 95
Artemis
138
Artemix. see Artemis
Artiqu
72
Ascension of Jesus
238–239, 243
Ashmedai
45, 63–64, 82, 100
Asia
52
Asia Minor
247
Asmodaios. see Ashmedai
Asmodeus. see Ashmedai
Assaf
229
Astaphaeus
185
astrology
16, 128–130
Athenaeus
196
Athens
144
Benaki Museum
254
Athos
51
Atra-ḫasīs
93
Azael. see angels
Azariah
216
Baal
71
Bagatti, Bellarmino
8, 195
Bagdana Aziza
99
Balkans
144
Baltimore
The Walters Art Museum
255
Barag, Dan
143
Barb, Alphonse
152, 193, 196, 203, 219
Barberini
B. ivory (Louvre)
104, 231
Barta, Andrea
124
Bartholomew
39–40
Bartimaeus
24
Bathsheba
14, 64
Bava Batra
97
Bawit
77, 101, 106, 190
Beatty, Chester
Library and Gallery of Oriental Art
113, 115
Beaudouin, Mondry
195
Beelzeboul. see Beelzebub
Beelzebub
25, 45, 57
Beirut
144–145
Beit She’an. see Scythopolis
Belial
21, 39, 57, 137
Beliar. see Belial
Belos
81
Ben Sira
74
Berger-Lober, Simone
212
Bes
228
Besara
144
Beshay, Michael
54
Bethsaida
43, 117
pools of
41
Bevilacqua, Gabriella
135, 138
Bisisinnius
69, 208, 244
Black Sea
144
Blanchet, Adrien
130
Blänsdorf, Jürgen
126, 138
Bohak, Gideon
20, 97, 109
Boin, Douglas
132
Bonn
Akademisches Kunstmuseum
170
Bonner, Campbell
8–9, 147, 151, 167, 173, 180, 186, 195, 203–205, 239
Book of the Mysteries. see Sepher ha-Razim
Book of Tobit
45, 63
Bordeaux
41, 43
Bornemann, Friedrich August
51
Boustan, Ra’anan
54, 151
Bouthroton
145, 148
Bovon, François
40
Boyer, Pascal
188
Breviarius de Hierosolyma
42
Busch, Peter
11, 52
Butrint. see Bouthroton
Caesarea Maritima
144–145, 170
Cairo
77
C. Genizah
100, 109–110
Callisthenes (Pseudo-)
171
Calza, Guido
15, 131
Canaan
Canaanite woman
25
Canidia
88
Cappadocia
194, 198
Caquot, André
71
carnelian
200
Carnuntum
114, 121–122, 127, 129–130, 161
Carthage
121, 136, 217
Catania
120
centaur
77
Centuripe
133
ceramite
156
chalcedony
156, 159
Charlesworth, James
52
charms
155
Chéhab, Maurice
9, 144, 203
Chiarini, Sara
203
Chnoubis
166–167, 169, 193, 209, 238–239, 254
chrismon
215, 255, 260
Cirphis
83
Clement of Alexandria
35, 81, 85
Eclogae propheticae
35
Cleon
79
Cline, Ragnar
229, 238
Commodus
104
Constantine
41, 259
Basilica of
42
Constantius II
146
Conybeare, Frederick Cornwallis
51
Coptic Rider
106
Corinth
83
Corobeus
83
Cosentino, Augusto
54
cosmology
17
Cousland, Robert
189
Cranaë
87
crocodile
on pendants
205–207
speared by Horus
105
cross
47, 146, 152, 182
crux commisa
199
crucifixion
242
in early Christian art
199, 231
on magical gems
200–201
on pilgrim ampullae
201
curse tablets
76, 108, 121, 125, 127, 129, 137, 161, 185, 203
agonistic
121, 136
constrast with apotropaic amulets
121
invocations
123
materiality
118
Cyprus
70, 144–145, 247
Cyranides
78, 249
Damnameneus
118
Danaḥis
141
Daniel (prophet)
210, 215
in lion’s den
210
Daniel, Robert
114
Danubian Rider
105
Dardanos
sword of
166
Dasen, Véronique
11, 158
David (king)
14–15, 18, 21, 24–25, 28–29, 160, 229
horn of
42
root of
135, 139
shield of
140
‘Son of David’ as title
25–26, 28
Dead Sea Scrolls
19, 26, 96
Songs of the Sage (4Q510–511)
97
Death (gnostic power)
30
decans
49–50
Rhyx Phtheneoth
50, 238
Saphthorael
50
defixiones. see curse tablets
Deissmann, Gustav Adolf
112
Delatte, Armand
8
demons
117
causing disease
50
child-stealing
70, 73, 78, 92
demonic possession
21, 24
demonology
34, 53–54
having power of prophecy
50
in 11Q11
20
kubu
95
lilû
95
of the sea
49–50
of the wind
46, 50
sealed by Solomon
140
trapped in waterpots by Solomon
29, 33, 42–43, 58, 61, 115
Demosthenes
90
Derchain, Philippe
8
Dexileos
stele of
101
Dialogue of Timothy and Aquila
53–56
Dio Chrysostom
83
Diodorus of Sicily
80
Dionysius of Halicarnassus
129
Dionysius Periegetes
91
Dioscorides Pedianus
De materia medica
157
disease
caused by demons
50
dragon
40–41
Dublin. see Beatty, Chester
Duling, Dennis
8, 52
Duris of Samos
79–80
Dvořáček, Jiří
25
dyspepsia
206
Edom
96
Egeria
42
Egger, Émile
117
Egger, Rudolf
122, 125, 128
Egypt
28, 31, 46, 49, 52–53, 106, 114, 117, 144, 188, 201, 252
El Kef
133–134
El Shaddai
141–142
Eleazar
16, 21, 23–24, 59, 126, 139
electrum
33, 42–43
Elijah
73, 95
Elliott, John H.
188
Eloeus
185
Elworthy, Frederick Thomas
188
Emmanouel
45–47, 243
Emmaus
213
Empousa
83, 90–92
Enepsigos
48–49
Ephippas
50
Epiphanius
Panarion
73
Eracura
124
etymology of
124
identified with Persephone
124
Erinna
85
Eruvin
97
Escham (saint)
204
Essenes
19, 21, 26, 180
Etna
133
eulogiae. see pilgrim, tokens
Eurybates
83
Eusebius of Caesarea
59, 197
Evagrius Scholasticus
Church History
92
evil eye
50, 69, 77, 81, 131, 133–134, 136, 145–146, 174–175, 187, 195–196, 202, 210, 214, 217, 219, 258
association with owl
134
iconography
189
on medallions
223, 229, 237, 240, 242–243, 247
on pendants
187
origins of the belief in
188
exorcism
13, 99, 101, 116–117
Faraone, Christopher
209
Farber, Walter
93
Faun
House of (Pompeii)
103
fever
amulet against
116
recipes against
110
Fischer, Clarence
146
Flavius Philostratus
82, 91, 98, 197
Fleck, Ferdinand Florens
51–52
flood
109
Florence
Bibliotheca Medicea Laurenziana
200
Istituto Papirologico G. Vitelli
115
formulae
ΧΜΓ
211–212
Apollonius-formula
192, 195–196, 202, 207, 218
Blood of Christ, stop …
253
Christ dwells here
209
Christ is victorious
243
Flee-formula
207–208, 219, 225–229, 233–236, 239–240, 242–243, 258, 260
Heracles lives here
208
Hungry wolf
205–207
Hystera-formula
260
I am hungry
206
I am Noskam(ardotenan)
203, 210, 219
I drink
193, 202, 206, 239, 260
Iao, Sabaoth, Michael, help!
192
In this [sign] you shall conquer!
258
Isis is victorious
179
One God
10–11, 168–169, 178–179, 191–193, 195, 213–214, 243, 253
One God and his Christ
178
One God conquering evil
7, 151, 168, 174–176, 178–179, 182–184, 190–191, 194, 199, 202, 204–205, 207, 209–210, 213–214, 217, 219–220, 237, 239, 241, 248, 251, 253
One God conquering the evil one
237
One God Sarapis
179
One God seated in Heaven
236
One God the Helper
178
One God, help!
213
One single God
178
One Zeus Sarapis
179
Protect-formula
211, 219–221, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 246–247, 250, 252–254
Salamaxa Bameaza
159
Seal of Solomon, help!
250, 258
Seal of Solomon, help the wearer!
258
Simile-formula
125, 214, 216, 218
Sisinnius dwells here
161, 207, 218–219, 234, 240–241, 258
Solomon commands Protect!
149, 250
Solomon said Protect!
127, 161
The Lord is One
179
Womb, black, blackening
220, 261
Frankfurter, David
55, 101, 105
Freising
Diözesanmuseum Freising
155, 257
Fries, Karl
75
Froehner, Wilhelm
118, 203, 245
Gabala
145
Gabriel. see angels
Gaia
104
Galilee
52, 144
Sea of
145
Geller, Mark
95
Gello. see Gyllou
gems
aniconic
149, 156, 159
archaeological context
144
breaking
165
dating
149
function
154
general considerations
154
Holy Rider type
162
intentional breaking
158
materiality
155
uterine
168
with reaper
204
George (saint)
107, 146, 177
Georgius Monachus
59
Georgius Syncellus
59
Gerasa
47
ghosts
121
associated with nocturnal birds
135
binding of
136
of gladiators
124
ghoul
77
Giannobile, Sergio
10, 246–247
Gießen
P. Jand. 6
116
Gilgamesh
95
Gilgamesh (epic)
95
Ginza Rba
33, 35
Gittin
62, 82, 97
Givat Katznelson
144, 148
Gnostics
26, 28–29, 33, 56, 160, 245
God
44, 74
cavalier gods
105
finger of
136
hand of
133–136
name of
115
seal of
58, 115, 162–163, 166–170, 175, 178, 218, 240
sign of
139
Golgotha
42, 47, 232, 240–243
Gölhisar. see Kibyra
Goodenough, Erwin
8
Gorgon
92, 235
Gospel of Bartholomew
39–40
Gospels
24
Grabar, André
231
Graf, Fritz
259
Greenfield, Richard
9, 67, 79
Gregentius of Taphar
60
Gush Halav
144, 146, 148
Gyges
249
Gyllou
4, 9, 13, 48, 67, 69, 72, 77–79, 81, 84, 88, 91–94, 98, 129, 161, 163, 170, 208, 227, 248
as snake
240
dishevelled hair
163
names of
70
on armbands
253
on gems
162
on medallions
226, 236–237, 239
on Middle-Byzantine amulets
261
on pendants
176–177
Hadad
71
Hades
123–124
Hadrianopolis
144
haematite
149, 156, 168, 174–175, 213, 223
etymology
156
powder from
158
properties
157
used against bleeding
169
used in iatromagical practice
156
hagiography
53, 67, 77
Haifa
144
Hananiah
216
Ḥanina
97
Harley-McGowan, Felicity
201
Harpocration
90
Hartman, Dorota
54
Hasidim
19
Head of Dragons (demon)
47
heaven
seven circles of
117
Hebdomad
28
Hecate
48, 90, 92, 132–133, 218
Hekhalot
186
Helena (wife of Constantine)
41
Hell
40
Henzen, Wilhelm
138
Hera
79–80
Heracles
208, 235
Heraclides of Sicily
196
Heraclitus the Paradoxographer
80
Hermes
124, 132
Hesychius
78, 91, 128
Hezekiah
58–59, 61
Hierocles
197
Hippiatrica
198
Hippocrates (Pseudo-)
Ἑρµηνεί α π ὶ ἐ ν λ
Hippolytus
58
historiola
9, 74, 76, 95, 99, 115–117, 119, 122, 160, 206–208, 216
Holy Rider
66, 76, 78, 92, 100–107, 120, 144–146, 154
as Archangel Michael
163
as Rider of the Apocalypse
163
as Saint George
163
as Sisinnius
101, 163
as Solomon
101, 162
Christianization of the motif
171
general iconography
100
nimbate
152, 176
on armbands
253–254
on gems
162
on medallions
225, 260
on pendants
175
on pilgrim tokens
257
on rings
251
origins of the motif
102
Holy Sepulchre
Church of
41–43, 53, 58
Homer
127
Homilia de sacrilegiis
56
Horace
De arte poetica
81
Horus
102, 105–106, 177, 243–244
depictions of
105
hygromancy
132
hymnology
110
Iafrate, Allegra
11, 43, 103
Iao
49–50, 118–119, 121, 139, 169, 172, 177, 184–186, 191–193, 202, 210, 217, 220, 228, 231, 236–237, 241, 246, 248
ibis
192, 196, 239
as apotropaic animal
192
attacking evil eye
247
iconoclasm
259
Idomeneus
90
Ilani, Shimon
158
Inanna
95–96
incantation bowls
72–73, 98, 108, 140
Iohannes Malalas
198
Iran
208
Isaac
109
sacrifice of
248
Isaac I Komnenos
262
Isaiah
96
Isidore of Pelusium
198
Isidore of Seville
Etymologies
82
Isis
172
isopsephism
211
Israel
14, 49, 61, 143
God of
73
Istanbul
257–258
Itinerarium Burdigalense
41
Jableh. see Gabala
Jacob
109
Jahn, Otto
188
Jambres. see Mambres
jasper
black
156
blood
171
green
171, 200
red
200
Jeremiah
112–113
Jeremias, Joachim
43
Jericho
24
Jeroboam
15
Jerome
96
Jerusalem
8, 41–42, 53–55, 58, 63–64, 144, 253, 256
Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem
213
Temple of
4, 14–15, 18, 36–37, 41, 44–45, 50, 59, 64, 110, 118, 122, 217
Jesse
139
Jesus
27–28, 37, 39, 55, 58, 105, 134–135, 177, 183, 201, 203–204, 211, 235, 238, 240
as exorcist
19, 24
as God of the Hebrews
112
blood of
252, 253
Christology
54
coming of
48
compared with Apollonius of Tyana
197
compared with Solomon
61
cross of
42
crucifixion
28, 200, 231
crucifixion scene on pendants
199
entering Jerusalem
255
miracles
22, 243
on medallions
230, 232, 238, 240–242
prohibition of swearing
37
sign of
49
‘Son of Man’ title
28
John Chrysostom
In infirmos
87
Instruction to Catechumens
103
John of Damascus
De strygibus
79
Johnston, Sarah Iles
105
Jordan, David
114
Josephus, Flavius
16, 21–26, 29–30, 42, 59, 126, 232, 249
Joshua ben Perahiah
99
Judah
15, 58–59, 135
Jupiter
106
Justinian
104
Justin Martyr
Dialogue with Trypho
34
Justin Martyr (Pseudo-)
Questions and Answers to the Orthodox
197
Justinian
104
Kamadme
93
Kanish
94
Kantorowitz, Ernst
102
Karafto
208
Karaftu. see Karafto
Karko. see Mormo
Khirbat al-Karak
145
Kibyra
145, 148
King, Charles William
4, 245
Klutz, Todd
52–54
Kotansky, Roy
114, 160, 184, 186, 200
Kraft, Robert Alan
57
Kraus, Thomas
10
Kurdistan
208
Lactantius
197
Lamashtu
92–95
amulets against
94
as child-killing demon
94
causing fever
95
Lamia
79–85, 87–88, 91, 93, 96, 98, 197
as one of the strygae
80
as seductress
82
connection with water
82
etymology
82
in Greek sources
79
in Latin sources
81
Lazarus
raising of
254
Le Blant, Edmond
253
Le Copelenaz
241
Lebanon
68, 143
Leclercq, Henri
7
Legion (demon)
46–47
Leo Allatius
De Graecorum hodie quorundam opinationibus
67
Leontinus of Constantinople
In mesopentecosten
60
Levant
144
Lévy, Isidore
229
Lewis, Suzanne
106
Libertini, Guido
120
Libya
80–81
Life and Miracles of Saint Thecla
198
Lilith
71, 73–75, 77, 82, 95–99, 140–141, 163
arrow of
97
as child-killer
97
as child-stealing demon
75
as seductress
98
charms against
262
dishevelled hair
163
in Rabbinic literature
97
in texts of incantation bowls
98
names of
73
on armbands
253
on medallions
226
on Middle Byzantine amulets
261
on pendants
176–177
origin
95
visual representation of
100
lion
191, 195
attacking evil eye
242, 247
attacking female demon
243
on armbands
253, 255
on gems
202
on medallions
229, 241
on pendants
205, 207
Lix Tetrax
45
London
London-Leiden Demotic Magical Papyrus
203
The British Museum
195, 200, 243
Longpérier, Adrien de
159, 245
Lucian
84
Navigium
249
Lycia
144
magic
amulets
49
apotropaic lamellae
118, 120
charaktêres
60, 120, 124, 132–133, 166–167, 191, 202, 208, 210, 217, 219, 234, 237, 241, 243–244, 246, 255, 260
curses
108
divination
108
formulae
110
gems
132
Greek magical papyri
46, 109, 111, 115, 132
handbooks
11, 13, 16, 39, 52, 108, 110, 114, 116, 125, 129, 160, 166, 207
Jewish
66
keys
167
materiality
11, 108, 118, 125, 155, 174, 223
nails
108, 130, 138, 185
palindromes
115
recipes
108
rejected on theological grounds
38, 43
rings
139, 249
seal
114, 164
vanishing act
209
voces magicae
73, 75, 110–112, 119–120, 122, 124–125, 159, 166–167, 177, 200, 204, 226, 239, 246, 260
vowel series
115, 207
workshops
150, 190, 196, 226, 251–253
Makhouly, Na’im
146
Maltomini, Franco
114
Mambres
31
mandrake
root
208, 210, 231, 257
Manetho (Pseudo-)
129
Manganaro, Giacomo
8, 130, 133, 245–246
Mani
67
Mar Sisin. see Sisinnius
Marcus Aurelius
104
Margain, Jean
213
Margalioth, Mordecai
109
Margaret (saint)
57, 174
Marianne
40
Marina (saint). see Margaret (saint)
Markov, Nikolay
240
Markschies, Christoph
11, 168–169
Mars. see Ares
Martyrius
67
Mary (mother of Jesus)
211, 238, 240–241, 243, 255
as Mother of God
255
Maskell
M. ivory
200
Mastrocinque, Attilio
156, 161
Matanstéva, Tatiana
10
Maurice (Byzantine emperor)
92
Maximus of Tyre
127
McCown, Chester Charlton
6, 51–53, 56
medallions
Christian markers
152
compared with pendants
222–223
embossed
247
general considerations
222
materiality
223, 247, 260
Middle-Byzantine revival
259
personalized
150
shape
224
types of inscriptions
232
with Araaph
236
with evil eye
223, 229
with Flee-formula
233, 236
with hystera
260–261
with Jesus
232
with lion
229
with Lord’s Prayer
260
without Holy Rider motif
242
with Psalm 90(91)
233, 260
with Solomon as judge
244
with trishagion
233
Medicina Plinii
110, 234
Medusa
92
Megillah
64
Melitene
67–69, 72, 94, 170
Mên
221
Merkelbach, Reinhold
113
Merlin, Alfred
133–134
Meroe
84
Mersine
treasure of
231
Meshach
216
Metternich
M. stele
243
Michael
191
Michael (saint)
177
Michael. see angels
Michel, Simone
168–169, 173
Migne, Jacques Paul
51
Miletus
175
Mishael
216
Mishna
62
Mithra
106, 190, 231
Moloch
51
Montgomery, James
73
Monza
ampullae
231
moon
in iconography
105
on medallions
230–232, 239, 242–243, 257
on pendants
210
Mormo
84–86, 88, 91, 93
in Greek sources
84
in Latin sources
87
other names of
86
Mormolykeion. see Mormo
Mormolyke. see Mormo
Morris, Michael
21
Moses
63
sword of
166
wand of
140
Mount of Olives
39
Mouterde, René
102, 193, 241
Mtskheta
140
Murder (demon)
46
Nag Hammadi
26, 34, 40
Apocalypse of Adam
26–27, 65
On the Origin of the World
30–31
Second Treatise of the Great Seth
27
Testimony of Truth
28, 33, 58
Nagy, Árpád
11
Naḥal Aviv
144
Nahariya
144
Naioth
159–160
spelling variants
159
Naples
245
Naveh, Joseph
99
Nebuchadnezzar
74, 215–216
Nemesis
249
Németh, György
124, 126
Newell, Edward
8
Nicetas Choniates
56
Nicomedia
76
Niddah
97
Nilus of Ancyra
197
Noah
109
nomina barbara. see magic, voces magicae
Noskam(ardotenan)
202, 217, 219
Numenius of Apamaea
91
Nuzzo, Donatella
9
Obyzouth. see Abyzou
Onoskelis
45, 91
opal
156
Orcus
123
Oreus
185
Origen
36–38, 56
On Matthew
37
On Numbers
36
On Psalms
38
Ornias
44–45, 50
Osiris
229
Ostia
131
Casa di Diana
131
Ouriel. see angels, Uriel
ouroboros
114–115, 136–137, 159, 165, 219, 244, 246
on gems
165
representing seal
166
Ovid
Fasti
87
Oxford
Ashmolean Museum
170
Oxyrrhynchus
235
Paltiel Tzamal (demon)
59
Pannonia
122
Panthia
84
Paris
111
Bibliothèque nationale de France
213, 245, 258
Great Paris Magical Papyrus
111
Musée du Louvre
254
Pāšittu
93
Patera, Maria
203
Paul
36
Pazuzu
71
Peiresc, Nicolas-Claude Fabri
114, 130, 160, 166
Pelagos
72
pendants
150
against evil eye
175, 187
archaeological context
144
bilingual
152, 210
Christian markers
152
compared with medallions
222–223
dating
149
general considerations
222
materiality
174
personalized
213
shape
174
use of bronze
174
with Apollonius-formula
195
with apotropaic bird
191
with (astral) lion
187
with biblical incipits
180
with bird
192, 207
with crocodile
205, 207
with crucifixion
199
with evil eye
214, 219
with Lord’s Prayer
183
with names of angels
184
with ouroboros
219
with Psalm 90(91)
180
with reaper
205
with root
210
with trishagion
183
with wolf
205, 207
Pennacchietti, Fabrizio
36
pentalpha
127, 260
Pentcheva, Bissera
242
Perdrizet, Paul
6, 67, 102–103, 161, 228
Persephone
123–124
Perseus
235
Peskita de-Rab Kahana
64
Peterson, Erik
7, 10–11, 67, 146, 179, 199, 229
Pétridès, Sophrone
229
Petronius
Satyricon
89
Phalasarna
110
tablet of
234
phallus
228
as apotropaion
196
Pharisees
25
Philinna
P. papyrus (PGM XX)
235
Philip (apostle)
40–41
Philo of Alexandria
18, 25
Philostratus
84
phylacteries
108, 134
Pibechis
Charm of
111
pilgrim
8–9, 41–43, 54, 250, 256
ampullae
201–202, 231, 255
tokens
149, 231, 240, 251, 256–257
Pitarakis, Brigitte
204
Pliny the Elder
Natural History
110, 234
Pluto. see Hades
Polycrates
249
Polyphonte
87
Pompeii
103
Pomponius Porphyrio
82
Pontus
80
Poorthuis, Marcel
56
Poseidon
82
Pottier, Edmond
195
prayer
Lord’s Prayer
116, 180, 183, 233, 260
prayers for justice
121, 125
Preisendanz, Karl
8, 52, 103, 112, 226
Priscilla. see Rome, Catacombs of P.
Proca
87
Procopius (saint)
170
Proserpina. see Persephone
Proust, Marcel
5
Psalms
38
11Q11
20, 23
apocryphal
13
Psalm 1
120
Psalm 18(19)
35
Psalm 90(91)
10, 145, 148, 174, 180, 215, 233, 238–239, 251–255, 260–261
Psalm 125(126)
204
Psellus, Michael
51, 84
Psyche
84
Puech, Émile
19
Pummer, Reinhard
153
Questions of Bartholomew
57
Qumran
13, 19, 23–25
Rabbula
R. Gospels
200–201, 231
Rahmani, Levi
257
Ramah
160
Raphael. see angels
Raphan
51
Raziel. see angels
Reed, Annette Yoshiko
17
Rehoboam
15
Revelation of John
135
Rhyx Phtheneoth. see decans
rings
aniconic
149, 250
magical r. in Greek literature
249
materiality
250
Solomon’s root
251
with anchor
250
with cross
250
with fishes
250
with Holy Rider
251
Robert, Louis
203
Robinson, Georgina
211
Rome
39, 121, 139
Catacombs of Priscilla
216
Fountain of Anna Perenna
137
Palatine Museum
199
Santa Sabina
200–201
Rossi, Giovanni Battista de
134–135, 225
Rufinus
36–37
Russell, James
9
Sabaoth
30, 49–50, 69, 118–121, 139, 169, 172, 177, 184–186, 191–193, 202, 210, 220, 236, 241
Saini
72–73
Salamaxa Bameaza
246, 258
Samaritans
152, 212, 253
S. amulets
212
Sambon, Giulio
245
Sánchez Natalías, Celia
124
Sangeru
72
Sansenoy
95, 140
Sanzeno
67
Sanzo, Joseph
151
Saphthorael. see decans
Sappho
78
Sasaini
72–73
Sasom
71
Sassanids
106
Satan
39, 76, 137
seal of
58
Saul
215
Saul (king)
17–18, 21, 159
Scepter (demon)
46
Schlumberger, Léon Gustave
5–6, 8, 146, 195, 215
Schoneveld, Katharina
239
Schwartz, Frances M.
9
Schwartz, James H.
8
Schwartz, Martin
70
Schwarz, Sarah
52–54
scorpion
attacking evil eye
247
Scurlock, JoAnn
93
Scythopolis
144, 146, 148
seal
130
of God
240
of Solomon
236
of the living God
115, 236, 238
represented by ouroboros
166
Segni, Leah di
10, 179
Semamit
72–73
Semangelof
95, 140
Senoy
95, 140
Sepher ha-Razim
109, 186
Septuagint
129–130
Serapis
253
Serdica
258
Serenus
Liber Medicinalis
89
Sergius (saint)
170
Sesen
75, 119
Sesengen Barpharanges
118–119
Setekh
105
Seth
27
Seth (son of Adam)
141
Sever Georgousakis, Deniz
260
Seyrig, Henri
8, 143, 186, 193, 213, 218, 258
Shadrach
216
Shaked, Saul
99
shamir
63–64, 82
Sheba
Queen of
14–15, 27, 50, 65, 98
Shemaʿ
256
Sheol
21
Shephelah
93
Sicily
8, 10, 120, 133, 144, 223, 245, 247, 258
Sideros
72–73
Siloam
pool of
117
Sines
69
Sinodorus
69
Sisinnarius
161–162
on medallions
236
Sisinnia
69, 208, 234, 240, 258
Sisinnius
66, 68–70, 72–73, 75–76, 78, 101, 106–107, 119, 154, 162, 170, 175, 190, 208, 234, 258, 260
as demon-hunter
66
as martyr
76
as warrior saint
66
conversion to Christianity
76
in Arabic sources
77
in Coptic sources
75
in Ethiopian magic
262
in Greek literary sources
67
on gems
161, 170
on medallions
225, 236, 239–240, 244
on pendants
177
‘reduplication’ of
69
Sisinnius dwells here. see formulae
Sisinnodorus
68–69, 72, 208
Skylla
82
Smnglof
74
snake
139
attacking evil eye
243, 247
on armbands
253
Snsvi
74
Snvi
74
Socrates
15
Solin, Heiki
126
Solomon
66, 82, 96, 98, 103, 107, 118–119, 220
and Jeremiah
112
as builder of the Jerusalem Temple
29, 34, 36, 54, 62
as ‘Charlemagne of the Orient’
15
as exorcist
15–16, 20–21, 23–24, 26, 29, 37, 41, 116
as judge
244–246
as king
133
as lion
187
as master of demons
34, 40, 101, 110, 122, 140
as orator
171, 174, 217
as slave of demons
60
as Son of Man
28
as womanizer
76
associated with Sisinnius
66
Book of Solomon
30, 34, 56
charm of
111
crypt of
41
fall of
50, 55
finger of
136
God of
122
horn of
42
Hygromancy of Solomon
30, 132
in Ethiopian magic
262
in Greek magical papyri
111, 113
in iatromagical literature
110
in Sepher ha-Razim
109
judgment of
14, 245
name of
24, 114
negative reception of
27, 29, 55, 60–61
oath of
117
on gems
170
on medallions
225
on pendants
177, 210
phylactery of
130
portico of
25
radiance of
114
ring of
24, 33, 42–43, 45, 49, 115, 126–127, 140–142, 249
root of
152, 171, 207, 210, 231–232, 240–243, 251, 254–255, 257
seal of
24, 110, 112–115, 119–120, 122, 124, 126–130, 133–136, 140–141, 159–160, 163, 217, 219, 236, 240, 242, 244–246, 250, 258, 260, 262
sign of
133, 139
stoa of
118
Testament of Solomon
6, 11, 13–14, 29–30, 35–36, 40, 43–44, 50–59, 76, 91, 112, 116, 119, 126, 139–140, 164, 187, 196, 227–228, 238, 250
vessels of
174
Wisdom of Solomon
15, 17, 109
writings of
15, 22, 30, 33–34, 38, 61
Soranus of Ephesus
129
Sorlin Dorigny, Al[phonse?]
5–6, 12, 146, 228, 238
Sosipater
76
Sperber, Daniel
112
Spier, Jeffrey
9–11, 160, 173, 214, 259
spirit
headless
236, 242
Holy Spirit
235
stamps
257
Statius
Thebaid
83
Strabo
84
Strix
87–88
Suda
84
sun
in iconography
105
on medallions
230–232, 242–243, 257
on pendants
210
Sûsenjôs. see Sisinnius
Sybaris. see Lamia
Syntyche
amulet of
118–120, 172
Syria
70, 143, 145, 170
Syro-Palestine
52, 55, 105, 143–144, 226, 247, 251, 253
Muslim conquest of
259
Tabbernee, William
212
tabula ansata
122, 124, 192–196, 202, 207
Talmud
14, 40, 64, 97
Tantalus
214
Targum Job
98
Targum Sheni to Esther
65
Tartarus
39
Temple, William
138
Tereine
87
Termessos
144
Tertullian
82
Testament of Solomon. see Solomon
tetragion
233
tetragrammaton
115, 137, 186, 237
Thebes (Egypt)
111
Theocritus
86
Theodore (saint)
107
Theodoret of Cyrrhus
58
Theophrastus
De lapidibus
155
Thloubris
209
Thomsen, Peter
253
Thoth
239
Thracian Rider
102, 105–106
Titus (emperor)
21
Titus (saint)
36
Tomlin, Roger
211
Toporkov, Andrey
78
Torah
109
Torijano, Pablo
11, 66
Toronto
Royal Ontario Museum
255
Trikomo
70
trishagion
70, 183, 230, 233, 238–239, 255, 258
Tughrul Beg
262
Tyre
9, 144, 203
Uriel. see angels
Vainstub, Daniel
213
Varna
240
Veracura. see Eracura
Vespasian
21, 23
Vienna
P. Rain. 1
117
papyrus of Test. Sal.
52–54
Vikan, Gary
9–10, 167, 252, 255
Vilensky, Edit
213
voces magicae. see magic
Volbach, Wolfgang Fritz
102, 199, 209
Walter, Christopher
9, 66, 105
Weinreich, Otto
126
Wiggermann, Frans
71
Winged Dragon (demon)
48
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
3
Woburn
Woburn Abbey
190
wolf
Hungry w. formula. see formulae
on pendants
205–207
Wolfe, Leonard
141, 143
womb
134
wandering w.
220
Women at the Tomb
254–255
Xanthos
119
Yahweh
20–21, 100
Yaldabaoth
30, 185
Yawitai
99
Zenobius
78
Zephyrium. see Hadrianopolis
Zeus
79–80, 87
Zian
167
zodiac
45
Zonaras (Pseudo-)
128
Zosimus of Panopolis
31, 34, 58
‘12th Book’
31, 34
Final Quittance
31