| 0.1 | Reims Cathedral, west façade, behind the figures from Grant Woodâs American Gothic. (Graphic by Robert Bork, based on photos from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg and https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Reims_Cathedral_Facade_1.jpg) | 2 |
| 1.1 | Comparative cross-sections of Saint-Foi in Conques, Laon Cathedral, and Reims Cathedral, dating respectively to the late eleventh, late twelfth, and early thirteenth centuries. (After Robert Mark, Experiments in Gothic Structure, page 5) | 12 |
| 1.2 | Strasbourg Cathedral, spire, mid-fifteenth century. (Photograph by Robert Bork) | 13 |
| 1.3 | Brussels City Hall, mid-fifteenth century. (Photograph by Robert Bork) | 14 |
| 1.4 | Houses of Parliament, Westminster, designed by Barry and Pugin, built mostly 1840â1860. (Photo by Mайкл ÐиммелÑÑаÑб (Mike Gimelfarb) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Parliament_at_Sunset.JPG) | 16 |
| 1.5 | Trinity Church, New York, designed by Richard Upjohn, built 1839â1846. (cropped by Robert Bork from photo made circa 1900 by the Detroit Photographic Company https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Detroit_Photographic_Company_%280708%29_-_Trinity_Church%2C_Manhattan%2C_and_surroundings.jpg) |
18 |
| 1.6 | Memorial Hall, Harvard University, designed by Ware and Van Brunt, built 1870â1877. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Harvard_memorial_hall.jpg) | 19 |
| 1.7 | Woolworth Building, New York, designed by Cass Gilbert, built 1910-1913. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/The_Woolworth_Building_in_New_York_City_LCCN2013650474.jpg) |
20 |
| 2.1 | Arthur Kingsley Porter, 1930. (Lucy Bryant Wallace Porter, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arthur_Kingsley_Porter.jpg [Accessed May 13, 2025]) | 23 |
| 2.2 | Church at Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania, Drawing by E. Donald Robb. (Frontispiece from Arthur Kingsley Porter, Beyond Architecture [Boston 1918]) | 24 |
| 2.3 | Arthur and Lucy Porter, January 28, 1933. (Passport photo by Harvard University (HUG 1706.125 Box 1, Folder 4. Harvard University Archives) - HUG 1706.125 Box 1, Folder 4. Harvard University Archives, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=138628758 [Accessed May 13, 2025]) | 26 |
| Glenveagh Castle, County Donegal, Ireland. (Image of Glenveagh: By Chris Gunns, CC BY-SA 2.0, August 2003 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12908556 [Accessed May 13, 2025]) | 28 | |
| 2.5 | Damage from German Shelling during World War I at Reims Cathedral taken in December 1918. (Reims arches Pierre Antony-Thouret, versement numérisation et modifications : G.Garitan, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons Caption: illustrations des dégâts de la grande guerre à la ville de Reims. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:048_toiture_cathedrale_reims_dec_1918.jpg [Accessed May 13, 2025]) | 38 |
| 2.6 | Bryn Athyn Cathedral. (Bryn Athyn photo by Larry Lamb, CC BY-SA 3.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0>, via Wikimedia Commons May 15, 2016 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bryn_Athyn_Cathedral_-_panoramio.jpg [Accessed May 13, 2025]) | 41 |
| 2.7 | Bryn Athyn sign. (Jerrye & Roy Klotz MD August 4, 2008 https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HAROLD_F._PITCAIRN_HISTORICAL_SIGN,_MONTGOMERY_COUNTY,_PA.jpg [Accessed May 13, 2025]) | 43 |
| 2.8 | Raymond Pitcairn with Glencairn plaster model. (Courtesy of Bryn Athyn Historic District Archives Image identifier: RMP_GLEN_0001) | 45 |
| 3.1 | Henri Focillon. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Henri_Focillon.jpg) | 49 |
| 3.2 | Saint-Genis-des-Fontaines, abbey, lintel. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9e/St.-G%C3%A9nis_linteau.jpg) | 51 |
| 3.3 | Mathematics Genealogy Project, Page showing the genealogy of Jean-Pierre Serre. (https://www.genealogy.math.ndsu.nodak.edu/id.php?id=34222) | 58 |
| 3.4 | Six Degrees of Francis Bacon. Screenshots of Hooke and concentric visualization layouts. (http://www.sixdegreesoffrancisbacon.com/?ids=10000473&min_confidence=60&type=network) | 60 |
| 4.1 | Louis Grodecki. (https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Louis-Grodecki/43364
©Service de lâinventaire du patrimoine, Région Alsace) |
63 |
| 4.2 | Table of Grodeckiâs correspondents by country. (Graphic by Arnaud Timbert) | 65 |
| 4.3 | Table of Grodeckiâs correspondents by sending date of first letters. (Graphic by Arnaud Timbert) | 66 |
| 4.4 | Table of Grodeckiâs correspondents by number of letters sent. (Graphic by Arnaud Timbert) | 68 |
| 5.1 | Paul Frankl. (https://flickr.com/photos/dictionaryofarthistorians/3995499933) | 83 |
| Geometrical analysis of the design of Reims Cathedral by Robert Bork. (Robert Bork, âA Geometrical Perspective on von Simsonâs Gothic Cathedral,â Nexus Network Journal 24 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00004-022-00591-2.) | 100 | |
| 5.3 | Parametric analysis of geometric assembly methods in French and Belgian Gothic wooden truss roofs. (by Erin Hulburt, after illustrations by CRMH, in Hoffsummer, Roof Frames) | 101 |
| 5.4 | Parametric analysis of geometric assembly methods in French and Belgian Gothic wooden truss roofs. (by Erin Hulburt, after illustrations by CRMH, in Hoffsummer, Roof Frames) | 102 |
| 5.5 | Parametric analysis of geometric assembly methods in French and Belgian Gothic wooden truss roofs. (by Erin Hulburt, after illustrations by CRMH, in Hoffsummer, Roof Frames) | 103 |
| 5.6 | Data chart supporting parametric analysis: detail of the cathedral and former synodal palace of Auxerre, France. (by Erin Hulburt; illustrations by CRMH, in Hoffsummer, Roof Frames) | 104 |
| 5.7 | Data chart supporting parametric analysis: detail of Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, France. (by Erin Hulburt; illustrations by CRMH, in Hoffsummer, Roof Frames) | 106 |
| 5.8 | Paris, Cathedral of Notre-Dame. Upper walls of nave. (Photo: Robert Bork) | 106 |
| 6.1 | Robert Branner, portrait photo from 1968. (Photo from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/RobertBranner1968.jpg) | 108 |
| 6.2 | Robert Branner, French driverâs license from 1950. (Photo provided by David Prager Branner) | 111 |
| 6.3 | Bourges Cathedral, raking view of interior. (Photo from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Bourges%2C_Cath%C3%A9drale_Saint-%C3%89tienne_PM_37475.jpg) | 112 |
| 6.4 | Robert Branner at the west façade of Bourges Cathedral, c. 1960. (Photo provided by David Prager Branner) | 113 |
| 6.5 | Dijon, Notre-Dame, interior. (Photo by Robert Bork) | 115 |
| 6.6 | Beauvais Cathedral, drawing of interior before 1284, by Robert Branner. (from Branner, âLe Maître de la cathédrale de Beauvais,â Art de France, 2 [1962]) | 117 |
| 6.7 | Reims Cathedral, longitudinal elevation from portfolio of Villard de Honnecourt. (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS Fr 19093, folio 31v.) | 118 |
| 6.8 | Saint-Denis Abbey, nave interior. (Photo by Robert Bork) | 120 |
| 7.1 | Jean Bony, formal portrait. (Photo from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bd/Jean_Victor_Edmond_Paul_Marie_Bony.png) | 131 |
| Mantes-la-Jolie, Collegiate Church of Notre-Dame, hemicycle interior. (Photo from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Mantes-la-Jolie_-_choeur_-_coll%C3%A9giale_Notre-Dame.JPG) |
133 | |
| 7.3 | Jean and Mary Bony, wedding portrait. (Detail of photo provided by Jean Givens) | 134 |
| 7.4 | Braine, Saint-Yved, choir and transept interior. (Photo from https://mcid.mcah.columbia.edu/art-atlas/mapping-gothic/braine-eglise-saint-yved) | 135 |
| 7.5 | Jean Bony, standing outside in Berkeley. (Photo provided by Vivian Paul) | 136 |
| 7.6 | Jean Bony, dining with Mary Bony, Carolyn Malone, and Virginia Jansen. (Photo provided by Vivian Paul) |
138 |
| 7.7 | Exeter Cathedral, nave interior. (Photo from https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Exeter_Cathedral_Nave%2C_Exeter%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg) | 143 |
| 7.8 | Noyon Cathedral, hemicycle interior. (Photo from Jean Bony, French Gothic Architecture of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries, Fig. 106) | 146 |
| 8.1 | Erwin Panofsky, presentation of award for merit, Central Institute of Art History, Munich, July 26, 1967. (Authorâs own collection) | 155 |
| 8.2 | Roland Sanfaçon in the 1960s. (Family collection) | 155 |
| 8.3 | Roland Sanfaçon at the juniorate of Saint-Jean-dâEudes, Québec, ca. 1950. (Family collection) |
163 |
| 8.4 | From left to right: Piotr Skubiszewski, Edwin Smyrl, Roland Sanfaçon in front of the south transept portals of Chartres, April 20, 1958. (Collection of Piotr Skubiszewski) | 166 |
| 8.5 | Promotion of CESCM, 1958. Those pictured include: 3. Klementyna Zurowska, 10. Teresa Moczko, 13. Roland, 20. Edmont-René Labande, 23. Madame R. Crozet, 27. Madame E.R. Labande, 33. René Crozet, 35. Stanislaw WiliÅski. (Photo © CESCM-Photothèque) | 168 |
| 8.6 | Roland Sanfaçon in his office, October 19, 2009. (Photo © Arnaud Timbert) | 173 |
| 8.7 | Notebook entries of location codes for Flamboyant portals, ca. 1970. (Family collection) | 174 |
| 8.8 | Office of Roland Sanfaçon, example of perforated card. (© Anne Sanfaçon) | 175 |
| 8.9 | Extract from the bookshelf of Roland Sanfaçon. (© Diane Daussy) | 175 |
| 9.1 | Michael Camille. (Photograph by Stewart Michaels, from https://www.inthemedievalmiddle.com/2012/01/announcing-biennial-michael-camille.html) | 180 |
| Stephen Murray. (Photo from Columbia University, used by permission of Stephen Murray https://news.columbia.edu/news/short-term-and-long-term-challenges) | 180 | |
| 9.3 | Troyes Cathedral, west façade. (Photo by Robert Bork) | 187 |
| 9.4 | Beauvais Cathedral, exterior from southeast. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Beauvais_Cathedral_Exterior_1%2C_Picardy%2C_France_-_Diliff.jpg) | 189 |
| 9.5 | Amiens Cathedral, unfolding of plan geometry as proposed by Murray. (from plate 45 in Notre-Dame, Cathedral of Amiens: The Power of Change in Gothic [Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996]) |
190 |
| 10.1 | Troyes Summer Program/Indiana University, 1975. Pictured from left to right: Yoshio Kusaba, Linda Elaine Neagley, Carol Peters, Cheri Goggins, Barbara Walsh, Michael T. Davis, Donna Sadler, Grainne Murray, and Jim Czarnecki. (Photo courtesy Linda Elaine Neagley) |
194 |
| 10.2 | West façade and porch, parish church of Saint-Maclou, Rouen. (Photo: Kyle G. Sweeney) | 197 |
| 10.3 | Linda Neagley and her graduate student, Mayra Rodriguez, capture and record measurements of Saint-Maclou in summer 1988. (Photo courtesy Linda Elaine Neagley) | 199 |
| 10.4 | Linda Neagley and her colleague, Rajendra Aggarwala of the University of Michigan Department of Civil Engineering, prepare to capture exterior measurements of Saint-Maclou in summer 1988. (Photo courtesy Linda Elaine Neagley) | 199 |
| 10.5 | Saint-Maclou, Rouen, plan, overall design scheme based on transept macro module (top) and design scheme of east end (bottom). (drawings: Heman Shih and Linda Neagley) | 201 |
| 10.6 | Reconstruction of Lady Chapel, Saint-Germain-des-Prés. (Meredith Cohen and Kristine Tanton, Paris Past & Present, v. 2, 2018) | 212 |
| 10.7 | Winthrop student using HTV Vive headset and controllers to navigate between buildings in Google Earth VR. (photo: Kyle G. Sweeney) | 215 |
| 11.1 | Undated photo of Lawrence (Larry) Hoey. (Source: The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel) | 219 |
| 11.2 | North nave arcade, Hartlepool Church (County Durham). (Photo: Lawrence Hoey) | 224 |
| 11.3 | South choir arcade, Worcester Cathedral. (Photo: Lawrence Hoey) | 224 |
| 11.4 | Handwritten âchartâ illustrating the typological arrangements of a selection of âsmall churchesâ in Berkshire (England). (Source: Lawrence Hoey papers, Department of Art History, University of WisconsinâMilwaukee) | 228 |
| 12.1. | Marvin Trachtenberg. (Photo provided by Marvin Trachtenberg) | 232 |
| Church of Sainte-Madeleine, Montargis, flying buttresses of the chevet. (Authorâs photo) |
235 | |
| 12.3 | Cathedral Notre-Dame, Paris, view of nave toward choir. (Photo: Ã MathKnight by CC 2.0) | 236 |
| 12.4 | Church of Saint-Eustache, Paris, chevet. (Authorâs photo) | 243 |
| 12.5 | Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem, façade. (Photo: à jlascar by CC 2.0) https://www.flickr.com/photos/jlascar/ | 246 |
| 12.6 | Church of Saint Nicholas, Probota, Moldavia (modern Romania), view from the southeast. (photo: Alice Isabella Sullivan) | 247 |
| 13.1 | Caroline Bruzelius at Saint-Denis, 1979. (Photo provided by Caroline Bruzelius) | 257 |
| 13.2 | Caroline Bruzelius at Naples Cathedral. (Photo provided by Caroline Bruzelius) | 261 |
| 14.1 | Cover of Gesta 33, no. 1 (1994). (Courtesy of the International Center of Medieval Art) | 285 |
| 14.2 | Head of an Angel, possibly from the north transept, Notre-Dame, Paris, ca. 1250. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2006.41. (Credit: Purchase, Audrey Love Charitable Foundation Gift, 2006. In public domain) | 288 |
| 14.3 | Head of an Angel, possibly from the north transept, Notre-Dame, Paris, ca. 1245. Collection of the Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. The Brummer Collection, 1966.179. (Courtesy of the Nasher Museum of Art, Duke University) | 288 |
| 14.4 | Head of an Apostle, France, ca. 1210. Chicago: The Art Institute of Chicago, 1944.413 (Credit: Kate S. Buckingham Endowment. In public domain) | 289 |
| 14.5 | Head of an Apostle, Cathedral of Saint-Ãtienne, Sens., ca. 1193â1200. Sens: Palais synodal, Inv. SAS B 84. (Courtesy of the Musées de Sens) | 289 |
| 14.6 | Gothic heads with drill holes from INAA sampling. Collection of the Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University, Durham, NC, USA. The Brummer Collection. (Photo: Jennifer M. Feltman. Courtesy of the Nasher Museum of Art, Duke University) | 292 |
| 15.1 | Saint-Denis: north transept excavations, 1946â1947. (Series IXb, the Sumner McKnight Crosby Papers, The Cloisters Library and Archives, New York) |
297 |
| 16.1 | Cleveland, Loraine Carnegie Bridge. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Guardians_of_Traffic_%2848249531877%29.jpg) | 319 |
| 16.2 | Ãtampes, Notre-Dame. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/France_Essonne_Etampes_Eglise_Notre-Dame-du-Fort_02.jpg) | 320 |
| Kensington Garden, Black Chapel by Theaster Gates. (https://www.serpentinegalleries.org/whats-on/serpentine-pavilion-2022-black-chapel-by-theaster-gates/) | 321 | |
| 16.4 | Pittsburgh, Allegheny County Courthouse by H. H. Richardson. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Allegheny_County_Courthouse_in_2016.jpg) | 323 |
| 16.5 | Interior of VR Reims Cathedral, developed by team led by Jennifer Feltman. (Photo provided by Jennifer Feltman) |
325 |
| 16.6 | Jennifer Feltman in VR headset. (Photo provided by Jennifer Feltman) | 325 |
| 16.7 | Cologne Cathedral, view from the east. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/K%C3%B6ln_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg) | 328 |
| 16.8 | Disney World, Florida, Cinderellaâs Castle. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Cinderella_Castle_October_1.jpg) | 329 |
| 16.9 | Reims Cathedral, north transept. (Photo by Robert Bork) | 332 |
| 16.10 | London, Trafalgar Square with reconstructed arch from Palmyra. (https://www.cnn.com/style/gallery/palmyra-triumphal-arch-replica-london/index.html) | 334 |
| 16.11 | Saint Louis, Wainright Building by Louis Sullivan. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Wainwright_Building%2C_7th_Street_and_Chestnut_Street%2C_St._Louis%2C_MO.jpg) | 335 |
| 16.12 | Saint-Denis Abbey, with proposed north tower reconstruction. (Souvenir du future) (https://uk.tourisme93.com/basilica/virtual-tour-of-st-denis-basilica.html) | 337 |
| 16.13 | Regensburg Cathedral, Judensau sculpture. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Regensburg_cathedral%2C_south_facade%2C_Judensau_motif.jpg) | 339 |
| 16.14 | Paris, Notre-Dame Cathedral during 2019 fire. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/NotreDame20190415QuaideMontebello.jpg) | 339 |
| 16.15 | Houston, Rice University, Lovett Hall, by Cram, Goodhue, and Ferguson. (Photograph by Gerald Moorehead https://sah-archipedia.org/buildings/TX-01-HN51.1) |
341 |
| 16.16 | Otaki, New Zealand, RangiÄtea Church, after R.K. Thomas and C. D. Barraud, 1851. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Rangiatea_Church%2C_Barraud_1851.jpg) | 343 |
| 16.17 | Beijing, China, ruins of Summer Palace. (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Yuanmingyuan_Ruins_of_Dashuifa_20120715.JPG) | 345 |
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Robert Bork
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