Figures
4.1 Simple type of graph: a closed walk V (vertex set) = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; E (edge set) = {1, 2},{2, 3},{3, 4}{4, 5}, {5, 1} 50
4.2 Perimeter of the city: closed walk 55
4.3 Simple grid with three parallel horizontal and vertical lines 55
4.4 First step: perimeter of the city: closed walk 58
4.5 Second step: three vertical components: south–north boulevards with the measurement of their width 58
4.6 Third step: three horizontal components: east–west boulevards with the measurement of their width 58
4.7 Combination of information formerly supplied: an encompassed grid: ground plan of the city 58
4.8 Pars pro toto presentation by only the length and the width of a square 60
4.9 Pars pro toto presentation: dotted line: the part of the square to be reconstructed 60
4.10 Schematic ground plan of an insula and its surroundings 60
4.11 Partial presentation: partial information 62
4.12 Partial presentation: figure to be constructed 62
4.13 Partial ground plan (quadrant) of an insula 62
4.14 Complete ground plan of an insula 62
11.1 The beginning of Instruction according to the layout of 4Q418 185
11.2 The beginning of Instruction according to the layout of 4Q418* 186
18.1 Square module of Sdeir1 331
18.2 Varying orientations of ornamental additions 333
18.3 Proposed ductus for a developed Ornate Rectilinear script (4Q85) 336
18.4 Proposed ductus for a skilled but relatively careless developed Ornate Rectilinear script (5/6Ḥev44) 337
18.5 1QpHab 352
18.6 1QM 353
18.7 1QHa (scribe A) 354
18.8 4Q2 355
18.9 4Q3 356
18.10 4Q57 357
18.11 4Q85 358
18.12 4Q87 359
18.13 4Q89 360
18.14 11Q5 361
18.15 11Q6 362
18.16 11Q7 363
18.17 11Q8 364
18.18 11Q14 364
18.19 11Q19 (scribe B) 365
18.20 11Q20 366
18.21 Mas1e 367
18.22 5/6Ḥev1b 368
18.23 Sdeir1 369
Tables
2.1 Chronological range of tefillin slips 12
2.2 Significant features for dating 4Q154 14
2.3 Significant features for dating XQ4 15
2.4 Significant features for dating 8Q3 I 18
2.5 Significant features for dating 4Q130 19
2.6 Significant similar letter forms between 8Q3 I, 8Q3 II, 8Q3 III and 8Q3 IV 22
2.7 Significant features for differentiating the “recto” and “verso” on 4Q142 25
3.1 The earliest Nabataean inscriptions and portable manuscripts 41
4.1 Text progress axis of the encompassing tour 54
15.1 Publication of post-2002 fragments (2004–2014) 274
15.2 Post-2002 fragments from the Schøyen Collection 277
15.3 Beyond X-factors: tentative identifications of Tov’s X fragments 278
15.4 Post-2002 fragments in Accordance, Dead Sea Scrolls Electronic Library, and Qumran Digital 281
18.1 Corpus of Ornate Rectilinear formal hands 326
18.2 Early Roman Ornate Rectilinear formal hands arranged chronologically 343
19.1 Poetic units in 4QLXXLeva (4Q119) 376
19.2 Spacing in 4QLXXNum (4Q121) 384
19.3 Spacing in 4QLXXDeut (4Q122) Frag. 1 (Deut 11:4) 386
28.1 Ancient Translations for
29.1 Sodom coalition according to MT 555
29.2 Sodom coalition in reconstructed text 555
30.1 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned in the Mishnah 561
30.2 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned in y. Meg. 1.71b–72a 561
30.3 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned in b. Shabb. 103b–104b 563
30.4 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned in b. Menaḥ. 29a–32b 563
30.5 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned in b. B. Batra 13b–14b 564
30.6 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned in b. Meg. 16b–22a 565
30.7 Scribal practices and related issues mentioned elsewhere in rabbinic literature 565
30.8 Instructions for writing, especially scripture mentioned in rabbinic literature 567
30.9 Practical elements in the book-making process not mentioned in rabbinic literature 575