1 Detail of Cantinoâs Planisphere, 1502 15
2 Detail of Lopo Homem, Pedro Reinel, and Jorge Reinelâs Nautical Atlas of the World, known as Atlas Miller, 1519, dedicated to King Dom Manuel 16
3 Abraham Orteliusâs America sive novi orbis, nova descriptio [1574] 17
4 Title page of Antonio de Leon Pineloâs book from 1629. Lying at the feet of the allegorical figure representing the new continent is the name Iberica. 23
5 Pedro de Medinaâs Mappamundi in Suma de cosmographia, 1550 30
6 Francisco López de Gómaraâs Toda la tierra de las Indias, set within the work La historia de las Indias y conquista de Mexico, 1552 31
7 Giacomo Gastaldiâs Universale della parte del mondo nuovamente ritrovata, plate in Giovanni Battista Ramusio. Navigationi e viaggi, vol. 3. Venetia: Nella Stamperia de Giunti, 1556 34
8 Agostino Tornielliâs Situs partium praecipuarum totius orbis terrarum, appearing in Annales sacri et profani, 1611 36
9 Giovanni Lorenzo dâAnaniaâ PERV, in La universale fabrica del mondo. Napoli: Apresso Gioseppe Cacchis dellâAquila, 1573 37
10 Joan Bellereâs Brevis exactaque totius novi orbis eivsque insvlarvm descriptio in Pedro Cieza de León. Chronica del Peru, Antwerp, 1554 38
11 A copy of Bellereâs map, in Gilles Boileau de Bouillon. La sphere des deux mondes, Antwerp, 1555. Above the caption appears the word PERV 39
12 Paolo di Forlaniâs La descrittione di tutto il Peru, 1564 40
13 Map by Matthias Quad and Johann Bussemacher, Peruvia id est Novi Orbis pars meridionalis, 1598 42
14 The sheet for South America in a later version of the Josua Van den Ende and Petrus Planciusâs wall map of the world from 1592 43
15 Petrus Plancius and Joannes van Doetecum IIâs Orbis terrarum typus de integro multis in locis emendatus, London, Christopher Barker, George Bishop, and Ralph Newberie, 1594 45
16 Map of Bartolomeu Lasso, ca. 1584. Cecil Papers Maps Supplement 16 51
17 Arnold and Henricus Florent van Langrenâs Delineatio ominium orarum totius Australis partis Americane, dictae Peruviana [Delineation of all the Coasts of the Entire Southern Part of America, called Peruviana], in Jan Huygen Linschoten, Itinerário, Amsterdam, 1596 53
18 Pedro de Cieza de Léonâs Cerro de PotosÃ, placed within his Parte primera de la chronica del Peru 62
19 Potosà Mountain in Theodore de Bryâs Grands voyages. America, vol. 9, part 3, from Peter van der Aa edition, Leiden, 1706 67
20 Cerro Rico de PotosÃ, ca. 1590 70
21 Potosà Mountain in Diego de Ocañaâs Viaje por el Nuevo Mundo: de Guadalupe a PotosÃ, 1599â1605. Potosà is âla octava maravilla del mundo y la mayor de todas; pues es todo este cerro de plataâ 72
22 MartÃn de Murúaâs illustration that opens chapter XVI âDe la Villa Imperial de Potosà y de sus riquezasâ of Historia y genealogÃa, de los reyes Incas del Perú from 1590, fol. 141v 75
23 âCiudad la Villa Rica Enpereal de Potocchi.â âPor la dicha mina es Castilla, Roma es Roma, el papa es papa y el rrey es monarca del mundo.â GKS 2232 kvart: Guaman Poma, Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno (ca. 1615), p. 1065 Drawing 375 77
24 âCiudad. Ego Fulgio Collumnas Eius.â GKS 2232 kvart: Guaman Poma, Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno (ca. 1615), p. 1066 Drawing 376 79
25 Title page of Bartolomé Arzáns de Orsúa y Velaâs Historia de la Villa Imperial de PotosÃ, from 1720. Edición de Lewis Hanke y Gunnar Mendoza. 3 vols 81
26 Opening page of the first book of Velaâs Historia de la Villa Imperial de Potosà from 1720 82
27 Title page of Gerard Mercator and Henricus and Jodocus Hondiusâs Atlas sive cosmographicae meditationes de fabrica mundi et fabricati figura. The first edition dates from 1606. Here in the tenth edition from 1630 91
28 Title page of Orteliusâs Theatrum orbis terrarum, Antwerp, 1570 93
29 Frontispiece in reference to the American continent, Joan Blaeu, Grand Atlas, vol. 11 94
30 Detail of Petrus Plancius and Joannes van Doetecum IIâs planisphere with allegories of Mexicana and Peruana, 1594 95
31 Detail of Arnold and Henricus Florent van Langrenâs Delineatio ominium orarum totius Australis partis Americane, dictae Peruviana [The description of the entire coastline situated along the seas of southern America, called Peruviana] made from Petrus Planciusâs planisphere and inserted in Linschotenâs Itinerário, Amsterdam, 1596 96
32 Detail of Joan Blaeuâs America nova tabula, Amsterdam, 1662 101
33 Detail of city views in Joan Blaeu, America nova tabula, Amsterdam 1662 102
34 Cornelis Claesz and Michaele Colinioâs Hydrographica, planéque Nova Indiae Occidentalis Guineae, Regni Congo, Angole, & c. Delineatio. Clement de Jongheâs edition from 1665 108
35 Detail of South America in Cornelis Claesz and Michaele Colinioâs Hydrographica, planéque Nova Indiae Occidentalis with illustrations of Atahualpaâs arrival in Cajamarca and of Potosà Mountain 109
36 Arnoldo di Arnoldiâs Universal Description of the World, Siena, 1601 114
37 Illustration of PotosÃ, from the English edition of Montanusâs America, translated by John Ogilby, London, 1671 119
38 Cartouche of Nicolas de Fer and Jan van Loonâs LâAmérique meridionale, et septentrionale, Paris, 1699 121
39 Cartouche of Johann Baptist Homannâs Totius Americae Septentrionalis et Meridionalis, Nuremberg, ca. 1710 122
40 Cartouche of August Gottlob Böhme and Michael Rosslerâs America mapa generalis, Nuremberg, 1746 122
41 Illustration of the mountain Popocatepeque from the English edition of Montanusâs America, translated by John Ogilby, London, 1671, p. 85 123
42 Herman Moll, Bernard Lens, and George Vertuâs To the Right Honourable Charles Earl of Sunderland ⦠etc. This Map of South America, according to the Newest and Most Exact Observations, London, 1709 124
43 Title cartouche from Herman Moll, Bernard Lens, and George Vertu 1709âs map 125
44 Illustration of a stone bridge from the English edition of Montanusâs America, translated by John Ogilby, London, 1671, p. 327 125
45 Muteczuma (Monteczuma), âlast king of the Mexicans,â from the English edition of Montanusâs America, translated by John Ogilby, London, 1671, following page 96 127
46 Athabaliba (Atahualpa), âlast king of the Peruvians,â from the English edition of Montanusâs America, translated by John Ogilby, London, 1671 128
47 LuÃs Teixeira, Carta Atlântica, ca. 1600 140
48 Detail of João Baptista Lavanha and LuÃs Teixeiraâs Theatrum mundi in Atlas-cosmografia, 1597â1612. Potosà appears with a well-defined peak and town alongside it. 144
49 João Teixeira Albernaz Iâs first map in Livro que dá razão do Estado do Brasil. ca. 1626 146
50 Anonymous/João Teixeira Albernaz I, 1640. First and second sheets 147
51 João Teixeira Albernaz Iâs [Atlas nautique du monde], 1640 148
52 João Teixeira Albernaz Iâs Carta náutica, ca. 1620â1640. Colecção Cartográfica, 198 149
53 Map of Domingo Sanches, 1618 150
54 William Hackâs A Description of the Sea Coast in the South Sea of America from the Mouth of Calafornia to the Strayhts of Lemaire [after 1698]. This is the first map of atlas Hack from the John Carter Brown Library 151
55 Map of north and northeastern regions of South America in Atlas Vallard, 1547, chart 11. The north is on the lower part of the map and right of center we observe mining activities, carried out by semi-nude men and two figures who are dressed in Spanish attire. Call number mssHM 29 160
56 João Teixeira Albernaz Iâs first map in Livro em que se mostra a descrição de toda a costa do Estado do Brasil, 1627 164
57 Detail of João Teixeira Albernaz Iâs first map in Livro em que se mostra a descripção de toda a costa do Estado do Brasil, 1627, on which âPotosi Hill,â âGold Mines,â and to the west, âSerra das Esmeraldasâ can be seen 165
58 Detail of Anonymous/Diogo Homem, Atlas universal, 1565 175
59 Detail of Gerard Mercatorâs Nova et aucta orbis terrae descriptio ad usum navigantium emendate accomodata, 1569. The mountain range begins in Potosà and crosses the entire continent 176
60 Detail of Arnold and Henricus Florent van Langren, Orbis terrae compendiosa descriptio made from Petrus Planciusâs planisphere and inserted in Linschotenâs Itinerario, 1596. F 596 L759i/1-SIZE [R] (copy 1). The figuration of the mountain range follows the one that Mercator had made, to a large extent. 176
61 Detail of João Teixeira Albernaz I. Livro que dá razão do Estado do Brasil. ca. 1626 178