Chinese Terms
| Baojia system ( |
A community self-defense system and an important type of county self-government organization, with the responsibility of building local security groups, levying taxes and collecting population statistics. |
| Bao schools ( |
Public primary education provided in each bao, first introduced in the Republican period in Jiangxi Province as a development of the baojia system. |
| Central Political Meeting ( |
The legislative authority during the Nationalist government period, responsible for making decisions and issuing ordinances concerning important subjects such as legislation, domestic affairs, economy, education, land use and transportation. |
| Dao ( |
An administrative unit between provinces and prefectures in the hierarchy of the bureaucracy; lasted until the Beiyang government period. |
| Household work operator ( |
A term used in Yugan County data. Operators could be considered the lowest rank of household workers; they were only focused on “family work” (Cāozuò, |
| Household task assistant ( |
A term used in the Yugan County data. Assistants were considered low-rank household workers. Contrary to household work operators, they dealt with all “matters” (Shì, |
| Household task manager ( |
A term used in the Yugan County data. Household task managers were the highest rank in household work and dealt with all “matters” (Shì, |
| Jiangxi Soviet ( |
The rural area in Jiangxi Province that became the central location for Communist activities during the period 1931–1934. |
| Law of Household Register ( |
A law to regulate the register of households and inhabitants, as well as the issuing of identity cards for civilians nationwide. It was first issued in 1931 but not put into practice. In 1943, the Nationalist government announced the reimplementation of the law, and as a result the household register was regularly conducted to various degrees in different regions of China in the following years. |
| Ministry of Interior ( |
Founded in 1928 by the Nationalist government, this was based on the former Ministry of Civil Affairs. It was responsible for managing issues such as civil affairs, land use, police, population statistics, customs and rituals, sanitation and health care. |
| Poyang Lake ( |
The largest freshwater lake in China, located in Jiangxi Province, was a shipping center that connected the lower Yangzi delta and the southern city of Guangzhou. The lake had been shrinking due to siltation and human activities such as poldering. It is a seasonal late for instance in 1976 with an area ranging from 526 to 3841 square kilometers. |
| Qu-cun-lü-lin system ( |
Administrative organization below county level implemented by the Nationalist government for a short period after 1928. Its main purpose was self-governance. It was soon replaced by the baojia system as the Nationalists felt it was important to implement an administrative organization that focused on self-defense. |
| Sishu ( |
Traditional private primary school. |
| Xin River ( |
One of the largest rivers in Jiangxi Province, with a total length of 313 kilometers and a basin area of 17,600 square kilometers. It splits into two branches in Yugan County before flowing into Poyang Lake. |
| Xuantong census ( |
A nationwide census conducted by the Qing government during Emperor Xuantong’s reign. It was initiated in order to determine the size of the population in different provinces, in order to calculate the quota for electing congressmen in different regions and to prepare the country for constitutional reform. It was terminated when the 1911 revolution to overthrow the Qing court took place. |