Act on Communicable Diseases 2021 20
Act on Covid-19 2020 21
Act on Infectious Diseases 2008 21
Act on Special Measures for Pandemic Influenza and New Infectious Diseases Preparedness and Response 59
Administrative Tribunal for the Lazio Region 50
Africa IX , 3 , 10 , 13 , 15 , 37 , 47 , 53 , 54 , 61 , 69 , 71 , 72 , 83 , 84 , 87 , 90 , 95 , 234 , 635 , 636 , 638 –646 , 649 –652 , 655 , 656
African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights 26
Alabama 77
Alaska 77
Albania 30
algorithm
algorithms 81
apartheid 15
Arkansas 77
Australian Privacy Act 90
Bahrain 81
Belarus 72
Belgian charter 9
Belgian Council of State 50
biases 87
biometric data 87
Black Life Matters 44
business credits 56
Canadian Supreme Court 53
Caribbean area 29
casual workers 93
Caucasian countries 29
Caucasian region 30
Central-Asian area 29
Central-Eastern Europe 36
Chilean Supreme Court 53
Civil Contingencies Act 2004 18
Civil Defence and Management Act 2002 21
Code de la santé publique 204
communication and information rights 5
compensation measures 56
comunidades autónomas 12
constitutional crisis 25
content sharing 75
cooperative mechanisms 7
Coronavirus Act 2020 18
counter-terrorism measures 101
Court of Session 51
COVID-19 certificate 362
Covid-19 Measures Act 2020 20
Covid-19 Passports 89
Croatian Constitutional Court 56
curfew
datafication 78
data subjects 91
Delaware 46
digital media 73
digital working 79
Directive (EU) 2016/680 88
discrimination 26 , 28 , 48 , 52 , 57 , 94 , 96 , 128 , 155 , 175 , 311 , 382 , 383 , 501 , 502 , 511 , 512 , 536
ethnic discrimination 48
Disease Control and Prevention Act 2010 16
dissenting opinion 52
economic loss 56
elections 12 , 33 , 60 –66 , 103 , 115 , 133 , 141 , 195 , 237 , 276 , 278 , 286 , 290 , 299 , 300 , 322 , 340 , 341 , 380 , 398 , 399 , 411 , 435 , 461 , 532 , 534 , 536 , 578 , 591 , 604 , 635 , 648 , 649 , 657
electoral frauds 63
emergency powers 4 , 5 , 7 –13 , 16 , 17 , 21 , 30 , 32 , 180 , 183 , 184 , 186 , 273 , 287 , 288 , 350 , 372 , 380 , 388 , 447 –449 , 455 , 460 , 541 , 589 , 592 , 595 –601 , 606 –608 , 618 , 630 , 640
employment rights 54
energy crisis 97
England and Wales High Court 51
Epidemic Act 1897 15
Epidemic Act 1913 20
essential equivalence 92
estado de emergência 11
Etat d’Urgence 484
executive order 162
extra-legal elements 105
fact-checking 73
federal emergency brake 14
Federal Emergency Situation Law 1994 21
Federal Law on the Sanitary and Epidemiological Wellbeing of the Population 1999 21
financial turmoil 97
first generation rights 41
freedom of assembly 5 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 41 , 43 , 44 , 128 , 133 , 144 , 167 , 173 , 201 , 269 , 296 , 297 , 301 , 309 , 349 , 360 , 394 , 536 , 604 , 645
Freedom of association 152
freedom of information 66
freedom of interstate movement 57
freedom of movement 5 , 24 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 35 –41 , 44 , 46 , 96 , 128 , 187 , 188 , 192 , 193 , 232 , 298 , 301 , 309 , 320 , 329 , 333 , 334 , 343 , 360 , 397 , 410 , 411 , 460 , 524 , 525 , 536 , 603 , 606 , 608 , 613 , 622 , 635 , 645 , 647
French Constitution 9
gatherings 40 , 42 –44 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 52 –55 , 66 , 86 , 96 , 99 , 120 , 121 , 123 , 128 , 129 , 133 , 151 , 152 , 160 , 163 , 167 , 168 , 188 , 278 , 295 , 298 , 355 , 360 , 372 , 373 , 384 , 386 , 393 , 394 , 449 , 460 , 563 , 564 , 573 , 577 , 595 , 597 , 604 , 607 , 608 , 650
General Health Law 1994 15
German Constitutional Court 50
Global Positioning System (GPS) 84
“glocal” crisis 4
gross domestic product (GDP) 77
hard law 40
Health Act 1963 21
Health (Preservation and Protection and other Emergency Measures in the Public Interest) Act 2020 18 , 225 –227
Hessen 60
horizontal separation of powers 100
human rights IX , 4 , 5 , 28 , 31 , 32 , 37 , 96 , 118 , 127 , 128 , 134 , 136 , 151 , 162 , 167 , 173 , 179 –181 , 183 , 184 , 186 , 187 , 189 , 192 , 194 , 200 , 225 , 231 –233 , 235 , 246 , 286 , 288 , 289 , 292 , 296 , 297 , 304 , 312 , 315 , 435 , 443 , 465 , 512 , 515 , 524 , 525 , 528 , 537 , 571 , 589 , 600 , 604 , 608 –610
“hybridized” model 4
Indiana 63
individual constitutional complaint 55
individual prayer 45
Indonesia 68
Infectious Disease Prevention Act 16
Infektionsschutzgesetz 14
international data transfers 90
International Labour Organization (ILO) 79
Irish High Court 50
islamophobia 48
Japanese constitution 524
Johannesburg High Court 53
jus cogens 26
Kenia 10
Kyrgyzstan 29
Law no. 2020–290 17
Law no. 27541/2019 25
law of necessity 25
League of Arab States 28
lex specialis 21
Liberal age 9
lockdown 25 , 33 , 35 , 40 , 47 , 50 , 57 , 58 , 65 , 88 , 94 , 116 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 144 , 150 –152 , 154 , 155 , 160 , 162 , 163 , 166 , 179 , 235 , 238 , 243 , 245 , 272 , 277 , 281 , 301 , 305 , 320 , 327 , 328 , 333 , 334 , 342 , 346 , 360 , 376 , 390 , 392 , 394 , 414 , 450 , 460 , 461 , 489 , 500 , 501 , 503 , 524 , 525 , 576 , 590 , 596 , 597 , 606 , 608 , 613 –615 , 620 –624 , 627 , 629 , 630 , 640 , 642 , 645 , 647 , 649 , 650 , 652
Louisiana 77
Malaysia 68
Mayors 441
Mexican Constitution 37
Minnesota 63
Mississippi 77
mistreatment 49
Montana 77
national and international security 3
National Disaster Management Act 2005 15
National Emergency Act 14
new media 33
New Mexico 77
New Zealand Health Information Privacy Code 2020 90
Nicaragua 72
non-legal features 4
non-political crises 4
North Carolina 46
obiter dictum 50
Oceanian countries 72
Oklahoma 77
Organization of American States 28
Pakistan 48
personal liberty
right to personal liberty 32
places of worship 277
privacy and information rights 276
proportionality 37 , 40 , 49 , 54 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 100 , 131 , 133 , 144 , 149 , 166 , 173 , 185 , 187 , 194 , 203 , 243 , 271 , 274 , 275 , 280 –283 , 288 , 296 , 311 , 318 , 319 , 326 , 329 , 349 , 360 , 362 , 365 , 366 , 375 , 448 , 460 , 545 , 551 , 571
public health IX , 4 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 14 –16 , 18 , 20 , 23 , 26 , 33 , 36 , 37 , 41 , 43 –46 , 49 , 51 , 54 , 56 , 58 –61 , 64 –66 , 68 , 86 , 87 , 90 , 92 , 97 –99 , 104 , 133 –135 , 141 , 151 , 157 , 159 –161 , 164 , 165 , 170 , 172 –174 , 176 , 187 , 193 , 202 , 226 , 228 , 230 , 231 , 233 , 235 , 236 , 239 , 241 –244 , 267 , 275 , 278 , 279 , 282 , 285 , 304 , 308 , 310 , 314 –316 , 345 , 350 , 354 , 360 , 370 , 371 , 373 , 375 , 376 , 378 , 380 , 385 , 389 –392 , 395 –397 , 399 , 409 , 419 , 424 , 431 , 432 , 438 , 446 , 456 , 465 , 489 , 495 , 514 , 520 , 526 , 531 , 547 , 550 , 552 , 554 , 568 , 569 , 574 , 584 , 589 –598 , 600 –604 , 606 –609 , 611 , 613 , 615 , 621 , 628 , 641
public infrastructures 82
Qatar 81
quarantine 21 , 82 , 119 , 128 , 151 , 157 , 183 , 196 , 202 , 226 , 234 , 239 , 244 , 275 , 276 , 295 , 298 , 299 , 308 , 314 , 315 , 319 , 320 , 349 , 353 , 361 , 369 , 372 , 374 , 376 , 380 , 392 , 396 , 411 , 425 , 427 , 434 , 445 , 446 , 500 , 501 , 503 , 504 , 511 , 520 , 527 , 549 , 555 , 556 , 561 , 562 , 576 , 589 , 591 , 592 , 594 , 597 , 601 , 604 , 627 , 635
Quarantine Law 25
recovery packages 54
Restraining Orders Act 1997 95
reviewability 8
right to be informed 34
right to liberty and security 30
royal assent 18
Saudi-Arabia 71
Saxony 60
schools 24 , 75 , 76 , 78 , 123 , 134 , 148 , 152 , 154 , 156 , 166 , 238 , 244 , 248 , 278 , 283 , 285 , 305 , 323 , 346 , 354 , 355 , 360 , 373 , 377 , 378 , 417 , 418 , 436 , 502 , 504 , 521 , 523 , 577 , 591 , 602 , 603 , 640 , 642 , 650
Scotland 51
Senegal 29
Slovakia 12
social distancing 33 , 60 , 74 , 77 , 87 , 99 , 151 , 154 , 155 , 275 , 277 , 278 , 303 , 320 , 410 –412 , 439 , 442 , 445 , 450 , 563 , 564 , 582 , 590 , 603 , 604
socio-economic rights 54
Spanish Constitutional Tribunal 39
Spanish Tribunal Constitucional 11
Spanish Tribunal Supremo 73
Special Elections Act 2020 65
Stafford Act 14
state of emergency 9 , 10 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 20 –24 , 64 , 116 , 117 , 136 –138 , 177 , 180 , 182 , 183 , 187 , 188 , 190 , 192 , 196 , 197 , 200 , 268 , 269 , 271 , 288 –290 , 292 , 296 , 307 –313 , 315 –317 , 320 –325 , 327 , 329 , 333 , 344 , 351 , 372 , 391 , 395 , 489 –491 , 496 , 506 , 511 , 513 , 514 , 517 –519 , 524 , 525 , 541 , 567 –569 , 574 , 596 , 597 , 637 , 638
Stay-at-home orders 575
Supreme Court of Brazil 58
tax allowances 56
tax exemptions 54
tax reliefs 54
technical crises 39
technology 5 , 33 , 34 , 50 , 61 , 62 , 74 –82 , 84 –86 , 88 –90 , 92 , 101 , 102 , 154 , 155 , 161 , 178 , 202 , 385 , 498 , 521 , 654
Togo 29
tracking apps 34
Trinidad y Tobago 29
uncertain democracy 10
United States Supreme Court 36
unreviewability 57
vertical separation of powers 100
Victoria Charter 37
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 26
virus 3 –5 , 11 , 15 –17 , 20 , 33 –35 , 43 , 45 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 55 –57 , 66 , 67 , 69 , 72 , 95 , 97 , 103 , 106 , 108 , 109 , 116 , 143 , 144 , 146 , 154 , 155 , 179 , 184 , 198 , 204 , 206 , 207 , 212 , 216 –218 , 220 , 221 , 223 , 226 , 233 , 246 , 251 , 257 , 258 , 263 –265 , 270 , 271 , 275 , 279 , 285 , 287 , 292 , 304 , 316 , 317 , 325 , 349 , 374 , 377 , 386 , 390 , 392 , 394 , 396 , 400 , 403 , 404 , 407 , 411 , 414 , 431 –433 , 436 , 439 , 441 , 446 , 450 , 455 , 467 , 473 , 477 , 495 , 498 –500 , 502 , 503 , 505 , 506 , 510 , 514 , 523 , 526 , 547 , 549 , 580 , 583 , 593 , 609 , 611 , 614 , 627 , 628 , 639
war on terror 68
welfare state 102
Wisconsin Supreme Court 62
Zimbabwe 42