Abbreviations
At various places in this book – and in the appendices, especially – a number of reference works are cited by means of abbreviations, to save space and reduce the lengths of the lists and tables. Some other abbreviations, which do not refer to reference works, are also used. The key to these abbreviations appears below:
| A | Allouse, Bashir. E. 1960–1962. Birds of Iraq. Three Volumes. Baghdad: Ar-Rabitta Press. |
| A2 | Allouse, Bashir E. 1953. The Avifauna of Iraq. Baghdad: Al-Tafayyudh Press. |
| ALKH | Al Khulaidi, Abdul Wali A. and Thompson, Henry. 2012. Vegetation Cover of the Northern Part of Al Mahara (Block 29), Yemen. Bulletin of the Faculty of Applied Sciences (BFAS) of Ta’izz University, Agricultural Research 2 (1): 3–5, 20–48. |
| Aṣ | al-Aṣmaʿī, Abū-Saʿīd ʿAbdallāh ibn Qurayb (b. 740; d. 828 AD). 1908. Kitāb al-nabāt wa-al-šaǧar (The Book of Plants and Trees). Edited by August Hefner. Beirut: al-Maṭbaʿah al-Kāthūlīkiyyah li-al-Abāʾ al-Yasūʿīyīn. |
| B&B | Bruun, Bertel and Baha el Din, Sherif. 1985. Common Birds of Egypt. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press. |
| Ba | Baʿalbakī, Munīr. 1972. Al-Mawrid: qāmūs inkilīzī-ʿarabī (Mawrid: English-Arabic dictionary). Beirut: Dār al-ʿIlm li-al-Malāyīn. |
| BAILEY | Bailey, Clinton, and Danin, Avinoam. 1981. Bedouin Plant Utilization in Sinai and the Negev. Economic Botany 35 (2): 145–62. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/4254272. Accessed 20 July 2021. |
| BED | Bedevian, Armenag K. (in Arabic transliteration: Badayfiyān, Armanāk). 2006. Al-muʿǧam al-muṣawwar li-asmāʾ al-nabātāt bi-al-luġāt al-latiniyyah wa-al-ʿarabiyyah wa-al-armaniyyah wa-al-inǧilīziyyah wa-al-faransiyyah wa-al-almāniyyah wa-al-iṭāliyyah wa-al-turkiyyah (Arabic translation of Illustrated Polyglottic Dictionary of Plant Names in Latin, Arabic, Armenian, English, French, German, Italian, and Turkish Languages). Originally published in 1936 in Cairo by Argus and Papazian Presses. Cairo: Maktabat Madbūlī. |
| Bu | al-Bustānī, Buṭrus. 1983. Muḥīṭ al-muḥīṭ: qāmūs muṭawwal li-al-luġah al-ʿarabiyyah (The All-Comprehensive Extended Dictionary of the Arabic Language). Beirut: Maktabat Lubnān. |
| D | Dictionary of Arab Birds (muʿǧam al-ṭuyūr al-‘arabiyyah) (http://arabworldbirds.blogspot.com/2015/06/blog-post_107.html) |
| E | Environmental General Authority (EGA) – Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas (RAC/SPA), Waterbird Census Team. 2012. Atlas of Wintering Birds of Libya, 2005–2010. Tunis: Imprimerie COTIM. Available online at: https://www.academia.edu/25544505/Atlas_of_wintering_waterbirds_of_Libya_2005-2010. ISBN: 978-9938-9521-0-0. |
| ELB | El-Bably, H. 1949. Dictionary of Plants: Arabic and Latin with Names of Plants Classified and Annotated. (Arabic title: Qāmūs al-nabāt [Dictionary of Plants]). Cairo: Nile Printing House. 41 pages in English, 141 pages in Arabic. |
| Fa | Mithen, Steve; Khoury, Fares; Greet, Benjamin; White, Judy; and Maslamani, Nebras. 2019. The Birds of Faynan: Past & Present. Reading, UK: The University of Reading. ISBN: 9780704915909 (paperback). DOI: https://doi.org/10.17864/1926.87374. Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/87374/. |
| Ǧ | al-Ǧurr, Ḫalīl. 1973. Lārūs: al-muʿǧam al-ʿarabī al-ḥadīṯ (Larousse: Modern Arabic Dictionary). Paris: Larousse Press. |
| ǦBR | Ǧabbūr, Ǧibrāʾīl Sulaymān. 1988. Al-Baduw wa-al-badāwah; ṣuwar min ḥayāt al-baduw fī bādiyat al-šām (The Bedouin and the Bedouin Way; images of the life of the Bedouin in the Syrian Desert). Beirut: Dār al-ʿIlm li-al-Milāyīn. |
| H | Hava, J. G. 1970. Al-Faraʾid Arabic-English Dictionary. Third Printing. Beirut: Dār al-Mashriq. |
| al-Ḥ | al-Ḥasan, ʿAbdallāh A. 1974. Al-Turāṯ al-šaʿbī li-qabīlat al-Rašāyidah (The Folklore of the al-Rašāyidah Tribe). Khartoum: Maʿhad al-dirāsāt al-ifrīqiyyah wa-al-āsiyawiyyah (Institute of African and Asian Studies). Khartoum: University of Khartoum. |
| HAY | al-Hayʾah al-ʿulyā li-taṭwīr al-riyāḍ (The Higher Commission for the Development of Riyadh). 1435 AH (2014 AD). Dalīl al-nabātāt bi-manṭiqat al-riyāḍ (Guide to the Plants of Riyadh Province). Riyadh: al-Hayʾah al-ʿulyā li-taṭwīr al-riyāḍ. |
| HB | Hinds, Martin and El-Said Badawi. 1986. A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic. Beirut: Librarie du Liban. |
| HINN | Hinnawi, Nadeen Sadeq Abdullah. 2010. An Ethnobotanical Study of Wild Edible Plants in the Northern West Bank/Palestine. Master’s Thesis for the Degree of Master of Science of Environmental Science, Faculty of Graduate Studies, an-Najah National University. Nablus. |
| I | Iraq, Republic of. 2010. Al-Taqrīr al-waṭanī al-ʿirāqī al-rābiʿ ilā ittifāqiyat al-tanawwuʿ al-bīyūlūǧī (The Fourth Iraqi National Report to the Convention on Biological Diversity). Baghdad: Ministry of the Environment. |
| M | Bergier, P.; Thévenot, M.; Rihane, A.; El Agbani, M. A.; and Qninba, A. 2017. Liste des oiseaux du Maroc (List of the Birds of Morocco). Go-South Bulletin 14: 43–68. https://go-south.grepom.org/gsb/. Mise à jour mai 2017 (rév. 4.0). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316740501. |
| M 1932 | Maʿlūf, Amīn. 1932. Muʿǧam al-Ḥayawān (An Arabic Zoological Dictionary). Cairo: al-Muktataf Press. |
| M-W | Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. 1997. Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. Tenth Edition. Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, Incorporated. |
| MAD | Madani, Ikram; Tahir, Yahia Fadl; and Nour, Saada Mohamed. 2014. Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used by El Kababish Tribe in Ga’ab El Lagia Oasis, West Dongola (Sudan). Nyame Akuma (Bulletin of the Society of Africanist Archaeologists) 82: 91–99. |
| MND | Mandaville, James P. 2011. Bedouin Ethnobotany: Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World. Appendix C: Plants of the Bedouin Lexicon Arranged by Botanical Family. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. |
| n.d. | No date of publication given in the source. |
| O | Birds of Oman (http://birdingoman.blogspot.com/2015/06/blog-post_66.html). |
| QAHT | al-Qaḥṭānī, Ǧābir Sālim Mūsā. 2008. Mawsūʿat Ǧābir li-al-ṭibb bi-al-aʿšāb (Ǧabir’s Encyclopedia of Herbal Medicine). Four Volumes. Second printing. Riyadh: Obekan Press. |
| RND | Random House, Incorporated. 1969. The Random House Dictionary of the English Language. Unabridged Edition. Jess Stein, Editor-in-Chief; Laurence Urdang, Managing Editor. New York: Random House. |
| S | al-Sirḥān, ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān al-ʿAnazī (translator). n.d. Apple Application (in Arabic only) entitled Ṭayr al-šarq al-awsaṭ; al-ṭabʿah al-ṯāniyah; asmāʾ al-ṭuyūr (Birds of the Middle East; Second Printing; Bird Names). Version 1.1 (26 Feb. 2021). https://alsirhan.com/BoME/ |
| SAID | Said, O.; Khalil, K.; Fulder, S.; and Azaizeh, H. 2002. Ethnopharmacological Survey of Medicinal Herbs in Israel, the Golan Heights and the West Bank Region. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 83: 251–265. |
| SIHHA | Hayʾat al-ṣiḥḥah, Abū-Ẓabī (The Health Authority, Abu Dhabi). 2005. Mawsūʿat al-nabatāt al-ṭibbiyah fī dawlat al-imārāt al-ʿarabiyyah al-muttaḥidah (Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants in the United Arab Emirates). Markaz zāyid li-buḥūṯ al-aʿšāb wa-al-ṭibb al-taqlīdī (Zayed Center for Herbal Research and Traditional Medicine). Part 1. Abu-Dhabi: al-ʿUmayrah li-al-ṭabāʿah wa-al-našr. ISBN 9948-03-161-x. |
| STK | Stokes, Donald and Lillian. 2010. The Stokes Field Guide to the Birds of North America. New York: Little, Brown and Company. |
| We | Wehr, Hans. 1976. Arabic-English Dictionary. Edited by J. McCowan. Third Edition. Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services. |