Index
Abraham
136
academic scepticism
12–3, 14–5, 18–9, 22, 24–5, 26–7, 43–4, 60–3, 118–9, 121, 126, 144–5, 150–2, 160–75, 178, 185, 191–2, 213, 218–20, 239
Cicero as an Academic Sceptic
as a method
35–40, 55, 62, 74–5, 148, 160–1, 171, 174–5, 182–4, 205, 237, 240
mitigated
31–5, 36, 38, 218, 230–2, 235, 238, 240–1
New Academy
32, 230–1
Old Academy
34
radical
31–5, 218, 225–32, 230–1, 233, 237–8, 239–40
Académie Française
180, 189
Aemilius Scaurus, Marcus
91
Aesculapius
95, 135
Agrippa, Heinrich Cornelius
63
Aldine Press
48
Alexander the Great
136
allegory
92–4, 136–7, 142, 195–6, 214
anatomy
218–9
Anaximander
113, 116
Anne of Brittany
51
anticlericalism
146–7, 167
Antiochus of Ascalon
34, 175
antiquarianism
79, 91n
Apollonius of Tyana
129–30, 135
Arcesilaus
32, 174, 225n, 231
argument from design
23–4, 89, 101–2, 104–17, 122–3, 194
Aristotle and Aristotelianism
34, 36n, 50, 57, 70–1, 109–10
Arnobius
42, 73
Asheden, Thomas
119–20
Ashley-Cooper, Anthony, third earl of Shaftesbury
3, 13
Assheton, William
138–9
astrology
63–5, 151
astronomy
218–9
atheism
5, 15, 20n, 22, 59–60, 67, 76–7, 80, 83, 96–117, 119–24, 126, 137–8, 153–7, 167, 181–5, 187–8, 194, 207
Atilius Caiatinus, Aulus
91
atoms
21–2, 60–1, 100–1, 110, 142–3
materialism
augury
25–6, 28–31, 134, 222–3, 233
divination, religion of Rome
Augustine
2n, 43–4, 54, 63, 72, 121n, 191
Bacchus
87
Badius Ascensius, Jodocus
47
Balbus, Quintus Lucilius (the Stoic)
20, 23–5, 30–1, 38–9, 58, 71, 73–4, 91–7, 103–17, 120, 137, 141, 144, 161, 173–8, 183–4, 187, 222–6, 228, 234
Cicero as
15, 44, 67, 117–9, 121–3, 142, 191–2, 212–3, 215, 227, 240
Baron, John
190
Baxter, Andrew
202–4
Baxter, Richard
98–9, 103–5, 107–8, 110–2, 117–8
Bayle, Pierre
75–6
Beard, Mary
29–30
Beiser, Frederick
11
Bentley, Richard
156–67, 171–4, 179, 190, 213, 215–6
Bentley, Thomas
163–4
Berkeley, George
226
Betuleius, Xystus
49, 53–4, 59, 62
Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana
45
biography
219–20
Bliss, Anthony
212–3, 217–8
Blount, Charles
6, 125, 129–30, 134–5
Bouhier, Jean
68n, 180–1, 222
Boyle Lectures
126, 167, 194
Boyle, Robert
101
Bracciolini, Poggio
45
Brooke, Christopher
59–60, 113
Broughton, Thomas
213–4
Budè, Guillaume
47–8
Burthogge, Richard
108, 112n, 117n, 140–2
Caecilius Statius
175
Caesar, Julius
17–9, 29n, 163, 198–200
Calderini, Domizio
50
Cambridge University
15, 80, 154, 162–8, 169, 172, 190–1, 196, 214n
Camerarius, Joachim
171, 190
Carneades
24, 33, 160, 175, 231
Castiglione, Baldassare
56
Catholicism
10, 51, 59, 68–76, 86–7, 119, 139, 180–1, 188, 230
pagano-popery, Jesuits
Catiline
200
Ceres
87, 91n
Chandler, Edward
196–7, 198–200
Charles
II 85
chronology, biblical
79, 80
Chrysippus
142
Chubb, Thomas
207–9
Church of England
5, 8, 9n, 10–1, 87, 96, 99, 128, 139, 145, 152–4
Latitudinarians
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Balbus the Stoic, Cotta the Academic, dialogues
Academica
3, 12–3, 18, 32–3, 34n, 41, 43, 47, 52, 61, 163, 165, 174–5, 230
Academic Scepticism of
3, 12–3, 28–30, 31–7, 61, 63–4, 118–9, 121–2, 126, 144–5, 148–9, 150–2, 160, 173–5, 180, 182, 187, 200–5, 213, 216–7, 219, 225–32, 235, 239–40
and atheism
72, 115, 153–7, 232–5
as augur
28–9, 232–5
Commentariolum Petitionis
47
Consolatio
187
De Amicitia
3, 18, 46–7, 49, 50–1
De Divinatione See divination, Quintus Cicero, Stoicism, Academic Scepticism, augury, Roman religion, editing, translation, commentary, scholarship
De Fato
18, 30, 47, 163, 165–6, 180, 190
De Finibus
3, 18, 47, 58, 163, 166–7, 188
De Legibus
18, 25–6, 29, 34, 47, 93–4, 163, 165–7, 188, 203, 229, 233
De Natura Deorum See Balbus the Stoic, Cotta the Academic, Velleius the Epicurean, Academic Scepticism, Stoicism, Epicureanism, Roman religion, Roman gods, pagan religion, editing, translation, commentary, scholarship
De Officiis
3, 18, 34, 46–7, 49, 50–1, 93–4, 163–4
De Oratore
21n, 23n, 56, 215n
De Republica
18, 34, 42, 206, 211–2
De Senectute
3, 18, 46–7, 50–1
De Universitate
90, 117
moral philosophy of
2–3, 55
Paradoxa Stoicorum
46, 50–1, 175
philosophical project of
1, 2–3, 17–9, 46–7
rationalism of
2, 12, 15–6, 29–30, 39–41, 66–95, 124, 212–3, 218–9, 223–5, 237–8, 240–1
religious belief of
27–31, 115, 179–80, 212–3, 229–30, 232–5, 237, 240–1
Somnium Scipionis
47
Timaeus
47
Tusculan Disputations
3, 18, 71, 158, 163, 164–7, 172–3, 229
Cicero, Quintus
20, 25–7, 39, 82, 108–9, 139–40, 174, 187, 191, 202–3
civil religion
131–2, 233–6
Clarke, Samuel
126, 132, 143, 166–7
Cleanthes
192
Clitomachus
33
Collins, Anthony
4, 6, 75, 125, 143–5, 167, 174, 179, 193–200, 216, 218n, 237
freethinkers
Discourse of Free-Thinking
15, 125–6, 145–62, 171n
commentary
49–55, 58–9, 62, 67–76, 70, 120, 129–35, 156, 168–70, 190–1, 221–2
comparative history
77–9, 81, 88
conjectural emendation
48, 70, 165, 168, 170–2, 176–7, 182, 221–2
Corbie Abbey
45
Cotta the Academic
20, 22–5, 30–40, 42, 71–2, 84, 91–5, 99, 110–2, 121, 131–2, 134, 138, 140–3, 189, 240
Cicero as
31–5, 43–4, 94, 117–9, 136–7, 144, 149–50, 160–1, 173–5, 178–9, 191, 204–5, 206, 214–6
rationalism of
16, 125, 145, 148, 150–2, 176–7, 179–80, 183–8, 207, 210, 216–8, 223–5, 227–8, 234–8
Cramoisy, Sébastien
68
Cratander, Andreas
47–8
Crinitus, Petrus
47–8
Cudworth, Ralph
102n, 112–7, 118–9, 121
Davies, John
15, 68n, 126, 162–78, 179–80, 189–92, 213, 222, 237
deism
4, 5–9, 11n, 124–8, 137–40, 142–3, 150, 194–5, 210, 212, 224–5, 229
Democritus
113n, 116
Demosthenes
85
des Maizeaux, Pierre
193
dialogue
14, 29–30, 35–40, 55–7, 62, 67, 82, 93–5, 117–9, 144–5, 149–50, 160–1, 178, 201–11, 213–6, 239–41
Diogenes
174
Dionysius I of Syracuse
95
dissenters
81–5, 86n, 139, 155, 210
divination
19, 24–7, 30–1, 39, 63–5, 193
augury, dreams, haruspices, oracles, Stoicism
Dodwell, Henry, the younger
236–7
dreams
17, 26, 133, 135–6, 202–3
divination
Dresser, Matthaeus
49, 54–7, 59, 60–2
editing
14, 41, 47–55, 68–76, 144, 162–92, 218–9, 221
Egyptian religion
80–1, 84, 92n, 131n
Ellenzweig, Sarah
125
Enlightenment
2–12, 16–7, 40, 241
Empiricus, Sextus
12, 61
Ennius, Quintus
73, 110, 112n
enthusiasm
81–8, 112–3, 139
Epicureanism
19, 21–23, 37, 39, 55, 60–63, 109–111, 120–121, 138, 140–3, 182–3, 186
Velleius the Epicurean
epistemology
89, 100, 140–1, 145–6, 221
d’Este, Borso
46
Estienne, Robert
165–6
etymology
43n, 78–9, 91–3, 137
euhemerism
78, 131
experimental philosophy
102, 194
fate
27, 52, 90, 186
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
fables
86–7, 133–4, 136–7
Fathers, Early Christian
4, 41–4, 55, 60–1, 73, 95, 157, 182, 186
Felix, Minucius
42, 163, 171–2
Ferguson, Robert
99–100
fideism
30, 220
de Fleury, André-Hercule
185
Fouquet, Nicolas
68
Francklin, Richard
68n, 218–9
freethought
6–10, 15–6, 124–5, 144–63, 173, 178–80, 193, 205–23, 228–9, 234, 237, 240–1
Froben Press
168
Gabi, Simone
47
Gale, Theophilus
211
Gassendi, Pierre
60
Gawlick, Gunther
4
Gibson, Edmund
196, 201–2, 207–9
gods, Roman
20–5
Roman religion, pagan religion, Ceres, Bacchus, Jupiter, Mercury, Minerva, Neptune, Venus
Graevius, Johann Georg
163, 164–5, 168
Gruterus, Janus
70, 168–9, 222
Hadoard
45
Hare, Francis
152, 153n, 157–8, 162
Harley, Robert
190
Harley, Thomas
190
haruspices
25, 64n, 134, 151
Hector, Benedictus
47
Herbert of Cherbury, Edward
15, 67, 88–96, 114, 122, 127–30, 133–4, 137
Hervagius, Johannes
48
heterodoxy
1, 4–11, 13–5, 77n, 81n, 123–5, 132, 137–8, 143–4, 146–7, 152, 162, 176, 187–8, 195, 228–9, 240–1
superstition, idolatry, freethought, pagan religion
Hindmarsh, Joseph
119–23, 173
Hoadly, Benjamin
152–9
Hobbes, Thomas
97n, 100–1, 110
materialism
Homer
70
Hume, David
3, 12–3, 220, 239–41
Hunt, Terence
41
idolatry
15, 67, 78–88, 90n, 91, 95–6, 101, 122, 127–43, 182, 185
Roman religion, pagan religion, polytheism
imposture
15, 64, 83n, 86, 125–43, 147, 151, 178, 200
Jackson, John
208, 211–3, 217–8
Jacob, Margaret
8n, 124–5
James, Duke of York
119
Jerome
73–4
Jesuits
68, 77, 119, 167
Jesus Christ
46, 51, 130, 195
Jupiter
25, 52, 90n, 95
Kidd, Colin
4
Kors, Alan
113, 183, 185–86
Krostenko, Brian
30
Lactantius
42–4, 54, 175, 183, 206
Laertius, Diogenes
60, 174n
Lambinus, Dionysius
48, 171, 176–7, 190, 222
Lando, Ortensio
56–7
Latin
18, 159
latitudinarians
10–1, 164, 168, 190–1, 194
Church of England
Laughton, Richard
166, 190
Law, William
209
Le Masson, l’abbe
185–8
League of the Cambrai
51
Leland, John
128n, 214, 236–7
Lescaloperius, Petrus
15, 67–77, 122, 173
Leto, Pomponio
50, 53
Lipsius, Justus
58, 59–60, 73, 177
Livius Drusus, Marcus
26
Locke, John
3, 11, 13, 140–1, 148, 159, 225
Louis XII
51–2, 58
Louis XIV
68
Louis XV
181, 185
Lucian of Samosata
56
Lucretius
60–1, 109n
Luther, Martin
54
Magic
63–4
Magog
199
Mandeville, Bernard
3, 13
manuscripts
44–5, 47–8, 69–70, 164–78, 191
Manutius, Aldus
48, 70
Manutius, Paulus
48, 70, 171, 177, 190, 222
Marcius Philippus, Lucius
26
Marsus, Petrus
48–9, 50–4, 58–9, 62, 67
materialism
60, 100–1, 110, 112–3, 115–7
Maximus of Tyre
163
May, Thomas
119–20
Maynard, Edward
204–5
Mead, Richard
163, 166
Medea
184
Mercury
92n, 94
Middleton, Conyers
1, 4, 16, 180, 214–6, 219–20, 223–5, 229–35, 238–9
Minerva
94
Minutianus, Alexander
47–8
miracles
5, 82, 86, 130, 133, 151, 193, 201, 208n, 223
Mirandola, Giovanni Pico della
63
Moatti, Claude
39
Monk, James Henry
165, 172
Monmouth’s Rebellion
99
monotheism
71–6, 78–80, 88–96, 113–4, 116–7, 123, 127
Montaigne, Michel de
61, 63–4
Moore, John
142n, 165–8
Moses
136, 212, 229
mysteries
5–6, 13, 136–7
mythology
42, 73, 78n, 92–3, 136–7
Nardini, Stefano
53
natural history
101
natural philosophy
59–60, 83, 100–1, 109, 113, 167–8
natural reason
10, 12–3, 67, 123–8, 181–2, 204, 206–7, 219–20, 241
natural religion
2, 5–10, 13–5, 17, 40, 66–7, 78, 98, 101–9, 124–7, 131–2, 137–8, 142–5, 161, 179, 185, 205–18, 223n, 235n, 239–40
natural theology
6–9, 66–7, 77, 79, 96–103, 113, 117, 122–5, 127, 137–43, 161, 167–8
Navius, Attius
222–3
Neptune
73
Newton, Isaac
158, 194
Newtonianism
126, 164–5, 167–8, 190
Niccoli, Niccolò
45
Noah
78
Nominated Assembly
96
nonconformity
98–9, 124–5
dissenters
Numa
131
Oldham, John
119–20
d’Olivet, Abbé, Pierre-Joseph Thoulier
180–5, 187–8, 216–7, 222, 228
Oporinus, Johannes
49, 53
oracles
5, 133–5, 181–2, 203n
divination, Sibylline Oracles
orthodoxy
1, 4–15, 60, 62, 66–7, 120, 122–5, 137–43, 149, 153–7, 162, 168, 173, 176, 178–80, 191, 194, 213, 219n, 224–5, 237, 241
Ovid
50
pagan religion
1, 4, 10, 14–5, 41–5, 50–4, 58, 73, 76–80, 88–96, 113–8, 131, 181–2, 185, 187–8, 197n, 200–2, 212
Roman religion, Roman gods, pagano-popery, heterodoxy, polytheism, idolatry
pagano-popery
86–7, 229–30
Pannartz, Arnold
46
Parker, Thomas
190–1
Parthians
197–200
patristics see Fathers, Early Christian
Pearce, Zachary
215–6, 231
de Pensis, Christophorus
47
Pentateuch
136
Peripatetics see Aristotle and Aristotelianism
Peucer, Caspar
64
la Peyrère, Isaac
79
Philip II of Macedon
85–6, 135
Philo of Larissa
33–4
Philostratus
129–30, 134–5
Pittis, Thomas
83n, 84–5, 86n, 90n
Plato and Platonism
21, 56, 115, 119, 160, 174, 183, 187, 205n
Pliny
84, 134
Politian
45n, 47–8
polytheism
67, 78–80, 89–95, 114–8, 122, 127, 211–2
idolatry, pagan religion Roman religion
Pompey the Great
17
Pope Paul II
46, 51
Popkin, Richard
12, 61
Presbyterianism
119–20, 155
Dissenters
Prideaux, Humphrey
142–3
priestcraft see anticlericalism, heterodoxy
primitive Christianity
78–9, 130, 154
William Whiston, monotheism
print, early
45–6
Priscus, Tarquinius
197
prodigies
81–8, 151
divination, Dissenters
prophecies
5, 13, 16, 24–5, 140, 179–80, 193–205, 237
divination, divine providence, miracles
providence, divine
1, 5–9, 13, 15, 23–5, 44, 52, 58–9, 61–2, 66–7, 73, 84, 89, 96–118, 120, 122–4, 132–7, 139, 142, 157, 174, 182–7, 192, 194–5, 212, 223, 228, 237
divination, revelation, prophecies, miracles
Pyrrhonic scepticism
12, 61, 239
Pythagoreanism
130
quindecimviri sacris faciundis
25, 197
radicalism
4, 7–9, 80n, 124–5, 127–8, 178, 201, 208n, 240–1
freethinkers, heterodoxy, deism, Academic Scepticism, Enlightenment
Raguseius, George
64–5
reason
5–13, 15–6, 23, 26–7, 39, 81–5, 100, 124–5, 184–5, 193–4, 219, 221–3, 236–8, 240–1
Marcus Tullius Cicero, natural theology, rational religion, latitudinarianism, freethinkers
Régnier-Desmarais, François-Séraphin
189
religion, history of
5, 14, 66–7, 92–3
idolatry, pagan religion, pagano-popery
religion, rational
11–2, 15–6, 206–18, 240–1
natural religion, deism, freethinkers
religion, Roman
5, 20–31, 235–6
Roman gods, pagan religion, Marcus Tullius Cicero
revelation, Christian
1–2, 5–8, 43, 51–2, 54, 66, 69, 77, 80, 83n, 88, 96–7, 103, 117, 124–8, 132–43, 146–7, 181, 194, 198, 207–13, 216, 220, 224–5, 234–5
divine providence, orthodoxy
Rivers, Isabel
11, 102n
Royal Society
101–2, 167, 190, 194
Rüpke, Jörg
39
Rye House Plot
99
sacred history
78–9, 80n
salvation
91, 146–7, 211
Santangelo, Federico
30
scepticism
5, 9–13, 100, 179, 220, 236–8, 239–40
Academic Scepticism, Pyrrhonic Scepticism, Marcus Tullius Cicero
Schofield, Malcolm
29–30
scholarship
4–5, 14–6, 47–8, 69–70, 102, 119–22, 157–9, 162–78, 218, 221–3, 229–30
editing, commentary, translation
scripture
1, 66, 69, 87, 79–80, 97, 147, 157, 194–6, 205–6, 214, 216, 228
secularization
7–8
Seneca the Younger
52, 60, 77, 175, 226–7
sensations
32, 158, 225
Sextus Empiricus
12, 61
Pyrrhonic scepticism
Sharrock, Robert
101, 109–11
Sibylline oracles
25, 53, 133–4, 197–200, 205
oracles
Le Signerre, Gulielmius
47
Sigonio, Carlo
57
de’ Soardi, Lazaro
50
Socrates
187
Solomon
51, 135, 159
Sophia Charlotte of Hanover
130–1
Spencer, John
15, 67, 80–8, 96, 122, 178
Spinoza, Baruch
112–3, 129–30, 141–2
Stillingfleet, Edward
75–76, 79–80, 87, 102n, 225n
Stoicism
1, 7, 21, 32, 34–5, 39, 56–60, 160–1, 173–5, 182–3, 188, 214, 226–7, 231, 240
Balbus the Stoic, Roman religion, Roman gods, divination
and Christianity
7, 15, 62, 65, 73–4, 120–1, 149
and divination
26–7, 30n, 32, 140, 191
moral philosophy
3, 34, 55
physics
23, 52, 59–60, 73, 113–7, 176–7, 185–7
theology
14, 19, 23–5, 37, 42–4, 50–3, 55, 62, 66–7, 73–5, 94, 103–12, 118–9, 120–2, 136–7, 151, 176–80, 182
Strabo
136
Strato of Lampsacus
113, 116, 183
Stuart-Buttle, Tim
3, 13, 219
Suetonius
167
superstition
10, 28–9, 39n, 40, 43, 53, 64, 82–7, 118, 128, 129n, 132, 134–6, 139, 149, 159, 151–2, 193, 197, 206–7, 210–1, 221, 240–1
heterodoxy, prodigies, idolatry, pagan religion, anticlericalism
Sweynheym, Conrad
46
Swift, Jonathan
152, 154–5
Taswell, William
139
Tenison, Thomas
84, 90n
Terence
50
Tertullian
71, 73
Tillotson, John
76–7, 87, 90n, 101n, 102, 159
Tindal, Matthew
6, 16, 179–80, 201–18, 220
Toland, John
4, 6, 125, 130–2, 134–6, 144–5, 146n, 149, 162, 170, 179
Tories
154
translation
4, 15–6, 49, 67, 68n, 119–22, 123, 138–9, 145, 159–60, 173, 179–90, 193, 196–7, 216, 218–23, 225, 228, 236–8
scholarship
transubstantiation
87
Trevil, Andrew
108
Trinity
52, 115
Turnebus, Adrianus
70, 190
two-fold philosophy
31, 232–5
Underhill, Edward
212, 217
universal consent
21–23, 71–72, 80, 86–87, 89–91, 95, 99–100, 104–5
Ursinus, Fulvius
174, 190
Valla, Lorenzo
56
Velleius the Epicurean
20–2, 32, 94, 99, 110–1, 119, 121, 140, 143–4, 169, 175, 177, 215, 225, 228
Venus
92n, 93
Victorius, Petrus
48, 166n, 190
virtue
2, 21–2, 90–5, 129, 131, 143, 149, 188, 190, 211, 213, 217–8, 227
Vives, Juan Luis
57–8
Vossius, Gerard Johannes
79, 88, 127
Vossius, Isaac
45, 88n, 197n
Wagstaffe, Thomas
119–20
Walker, John
167, 175–6
Warburton, William
219, 228–31, 232–4, 238
Wasse, Joseph
166
Waterland, Daniel
205–6, 214–6, 216–7, 231
Watts, Isaac
210–1
Welser, Johannes Lucas
53
Whigs
2, 154, 190–1
Whiston, William
152, 154, 157n, 158–9, 167, 194–6, 197–200
Whitby, Daniel
87
Wilkins, John
101–2, 105–6, 107, 108–9
Williams, Daniel
155–6
Wolseley, Charles
96–8, 99–101, 106–7, 111n, 117n
Zeno
32, 59
Zieliński, Tadeusz
4