Index
Acts 4:32–35
91–92, 143
Acts 9:36–43
69–71, 79
Acts 10:1–49
69–71, 83–84
Alexander the Sleepless
164, 167–168
Alexandria, patriarchate of
Conditions of ecclesiastical penance
100–103
Ambrose of Milan
26, 47, 50, 54, 69
Condemnation of euergetism
151
Condemnation of Theodosius
100
On ecclesiastical penance
100, 103
Anderson, Gary
6–7, 51–52
Anomoeans
161–163
Antioch
Jewish population of
156
Number of poor supported by church
30
Poverty estimates
30–31
Apollinarians
161–162
Apostolic Canons
On ecclesiastical penance
107–108
Role of clergy in distributing alms
146–147
Apostolic Constitutions
50
Alms-box in church
42
Alms given on behalf of dead
89
Clergy refusing alms gained through unjust means
28
Conditions of ecclesiastical penance
106–107
Role of clergy in distributing alms
36, 146–147
Widow as altar
68
Augustine of Hippo
50, 62, 65, 83n16
Alms given on behalf of dead
89
Alms given to atone for capital sins
55–56, 95, 124
Condemnation of euergetism
151
On ecclesiastical penance
100n23, 103
On private repentance
103
Tithing
33
Bae, Junghun
9–10
Basil of Caesarea
50, 55, 165
Conditions of ecclesiastical penance
101, 114n85
Benefaction, civic; see euergetism
Brändle, Rudolf
33n36, 67n85
Broc-Schmezer, Catherine
88
Brown, Peter
2–3, 7, 51–52, 60, 145–146, 165
Caesarius of Arles
34
Caner, Daniel
2–5, 88n42, 163, 164n71, 165, 166n82 and n83, 167, 170–171
Catechumens
Alms given on behalf of deceased
91
Chromatius of Aquileia
8n26, 85n26
Church
As hospital for sinners
119
As location of almsgiving
36, 41–44, 64
Authority to forgive sins
47, 105, 119–120
Common allowance from
36
Revenues of at Antioch
30
Clement of Alexandria
26, 43n81, 103n44
Communal living
91–93
Confession of sins
49, 121
Private
98, 109–110, 113, 123
Public
96, 100
1 Cor. 12:22–25
141–142
Cyprian of Carthage
50–51, 53–54, 68, 70–71
Dallen, James
123–124
Didascalia
Conditions of ecclesiastical penance
105–106
Refusing alms gained through unjust means
28
Widow as altar
68
Dan. 4:27 (4:24 Theodotian)
50
Deceased
Prayers and offerings for
89–91
Deification
84–89
Downs, David J.
8, 52n23
Ephrem
65
Epiphanius of Salamis
136, 165–166
Eucharist
Compared to almsgiving
66–69, 66n82
Deprivation of for penitents
96–100, 102, 106–107, 111–112, 123
Offered on behalf of dead
89–91
People partaking unworthily
111, 114
Remedy for sin
119
Willing exclusion from
110–112, 114
Eustathians
160–161
Exclusion of sinners from the assembly
28, 56, 106–107, 110, 112, 123–124
Fasting
As prescribed in ecclesiastical penance
101, 105–106, 109, 123
As method of atoning for sin
15
Ineffective without almsgiving
84
Makes prayers more efficacious
83, 83n17
Married people not expected to fast vigorously
130–131
Ranks above prayer
58
Ranks below almsgiving
58, 60–61, 82, 84–85
Finn, Richard
4, 26n8, 29n22, 33–34, 42, 145–146, 159–160, 163–164
Flavian, bishop of Antioch
109–110, 166
Friendship, between donor and recipient
142–143
Garrison, Roman
6, 12n37, 50n17, 51–52
Gregory of Nazianzus
146
Gregory of Nyssa
85n26, 161n63, 171
Conditions of ecclesiastical penance
102, 114n85
Heb. 6:4–6
46–49
Hilary of Poitiers
62
Homoiousians
162–163
Hypatius
164–165, 170
Innocent, Pope(402–417)
99–101
Isaac the Archimandrite
115, 167–170
Jerome
42, 50, 65–66
Account of Fabiola’s penance
99
Christians as preferred recipients of alms
37
Giving to receive praise
35
Tithing
33
Jews
Charitable institutions of
158–159
Giving practices during biblical times
30, 33, 157
Giving practices during John’s time
157–158
Healing power of
156
John’s accusations against
157
Number living in Antioch
156
Present in John’s audience
126
John 6:27
165–166
Judaizing Christians
26
Julian, Emperor
158
Laird, Raymond
9–10, 86
Leo the Great
59–60
Leyerle, Blake
5, 142n73
Libanius
44, 149–150
Luke 6:36
88
Luke 11:40–41
50–51, 55
Luke 16:19–31
25–26, 63, 129
Luke 21:1–4
24–25, 42
Marathonius
136, 162, 168
Mark 9:41
57, 64
Mark 12:41–44
24–25, 42
Matt. 6:33
81
Matt. 10:42
57, 64
Matt. 19:21
80
Matt. 22:1–14
134
Matt. 25:1–13
61–65, 129–130, 138
Matt. 25:14–30
63, 140
Matt. 25:31–46
25, 32–33, 38, 56, 62, 67–69, 130, 166
Maximus of Turin
8n26, 82n13
Maxwell, Jaclyn
16n46 and n48, 27n11, 126n4, 127n14 and n17, 132n29, 134n40
Mayer, Wendy
2–4, 8–9, 39n64 and n65, 58n49, 118n99, 126n4
Meletius of Antioch
62, 160–161
Messalians
137, 165–168
Miller, Samantha
132
Miller, Timothy
160n57, 161n62, 162n67, 168n94
Mitchell, Margaret M.
5, 17
Monks
As revered by laity
127
Begging
167–168, 170; see also Messalians
Care for the poor
135–136, 164–165
Care for the sick
135–136, 164–165, 169
Expectations higher for
128–129
Performing manual labor
135–136, 164–166
Working with clergy to serve poor
136–137
Nicaea, Council of
96–98
Novatian
47, 97
Olympias
139, 163, 170–171
Origen
47, 61–62
Palladius
136, 163, 167–171
Patronage
Duty expected of bishops
146
Of wealthy Christians for poor
152–153
Paulinus of Nola
89n46, 151, 160n58
Prayer
As act of repentance
26–27, 27n9
As method of atoning for sin
15
As prescribed in ecclesiastical penance
101, 109, 123
For deceased Christians
89–91
Made more effective by almsgiving
30, 43, 82–84
Made more effective by fasting
83, 83n17
Of recipient for donors
26n8, 41
On behalf of penitents
99, 106, 111
Prov. 19:17
43, 80–82
Ps-Clement of Rome
65
Rapp, Claudia
145, 163
Redemptive almsgiving
6–8, 12–13
Repentance, as a medicine
48–49, 53, 58–60, 116, 118, 121–122, 124
Rhee, Helen
27n11
Russell, Norman
85, 175
Rylaarsdam, David
16, 78, 153n28
Shepherd of Hermas
47n2
Sin
As a habit
85, 87, 116–117
Effects of on the soul
85
Siricius, Pope (384–398)
101–102, 104n45
Socrates, church historian
103n44, 116, 161n59, 171n114
On ecclesiastical penance in Constantinople
108–110
Sozomen
161n59, 162, 167, 169, 171–172
Description of penance in Rome
98–99, 109
On ecclesiastical penance in Constantinople
108–110
Sterk, Andrea
163
Syncletica, Vita
59
Talmud, Babylonian
71n100, 158n51
Talmud, Jerusalem
158n47, n49, n50, and n51
Tertullian
47
Theatre, attendance at
111–112, 116, 151n21, 154
Theodoret of Cyrus
44, 47, 166
Theophilus of Alexandria
163, 171
1 Thess. 4:11
137, 165, 167
1 Tim. 5:3–16
138
I Tim. 5:17–18
170
Tithing
14, 30, 33–34
By Jews
30, 33, 157; see also Jews, Giving Practices
Tob. 4:11
54, 69–71
Tob. 12:9
53–54, 69–71
Verhoeff, Maria
10, 80n7, 87n37
Virginity
Ranks lower than almsgiving
1n4, 60–66, 131, 140
Virgins
Care of the church for
30–31, 36, 42, 139
Expected to give alms
137–139
Weeping
As condition of ecclesiastical penance
106
As expressing contrition for sin
99–100
As means of atoning for sin
99–100, 121
Widow(s)
Caring for as method of repentance
122n113
Church’s provision for
28, 30–31, 42, 139
Described as altar
68
Praying for their donors
142
Present in John’s audience
43, 126, 139
Taking pride in their celibacy
138–139
Wealthy
139