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Index

In: Jews and New Christians in the Making of the Atlantic World in the 16th–17th Centuries
Author:
Henryk Szlajfer
Henryk Szlajfer
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  • Full Text

Index

Not included due to very numerous references: Jews, Sephardim, New Christians, XNs, conversos, crypto-Jews, La Nação, Inquisition, Amsterdam, Lisbon, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Brazil.

Aboab da Fonseca, Isaac 256
Abrávanel, Isaac 6, 62, 63, 126, 183, 186
Abreu, João Capistrano de xxi, 72, 143, 146
Acapulco 43, 99, 103, 179, 230, 235
Addison, Joseph 122
Africa, North 2, 7, 29, 51, 53, 167, 181
Africa, West xviii, 7, 30, 36, 37, 44, 84, 88, 92, 107, 110, 115–117, 133, 134, 140, 141, 169, 175, 197, 199, 207, 214, 270
Aguilar, Moses Raphaelde 256
Albuquerque Coelho, Duarte 136
Albuquerque, Jerônimo de 136, 137
Alexander vi, pope 12
Alfonso v, king of Portugal 110
Alfonso x, king of Castile 19
Alonso, Hernando 113
Al-Qasr al-Kabir x
Álvares Madeira, Pedro 133, 136
Álvares Correia (“Caramurú”), Diogo 116
America, North xviii, 27, 47, 56, 91, 122, 128, 162, 188, 254
Amnesties 28, 34, 37, 39, 76, 103, 223, 224, 235, 245
Ancona 111
Andalusian merchants 203, 204, 206, 207
Angola 1, 38, 43, 88, 117, 138, 185, 187, 189, 193, 194, 197–199, 201, 207, 209–216, 219, 230, 235, 241, 251, 264, 275, 276
Antioquia 241
Antunes, Beatriz 75
Antunes, Héitor 75
Antwerp
and Catholics and Protestants 52, 54, 135, 142, 169, 172
and New Christians 7, 22, 26, 36, 67, 125, 133, 136, 139, 140, 151, 155, 157, 158, 173
and sugar refineries 178
as trade and financial centre 22, 47, 50, 93, 109, 130, 140, 157, 158, 161, 166, 170, 177, 198
Anusim 8, 11, 61, 62
Aragon xiv, 20, 41, 161
Arciszewski, Krzysztof 262
Areda, Diogo de 14
Arequipa 129
Ares de Fonseca, Esteban 258, 261
Arguin 251
Aristotle 13, 183
Armenians xviii, 14, 109, 112
Arribada forçosa 217, 229
Artisans (and Handicraft) 40, 54, 89, 103, 154, 164, 223, 234, 236, 240, 247, 263
Asentistas. See also Slavery 32, 101, 121, 138–140, 153, 172, 192, 194, 199, 201, 209, 210, 213, 214, 216, 218–220
Ashkenazim xiii, 2, 3, 10, 27, 49, 51, 54, 55, 59, 109, 143, 254, 280
Asia xviii, 1, 7, 34, 43, 73, 86, 88, 89, 92, 93, 97–99, 102–104, 108. 109, 124, 127, 137, 138, 142, 143, 145, 146, 153, 162, 167, 170, 174, 177, 195, 215, 222, 230, 257
Assimilation xxii, 62, 65, 76, 82, 234
Augsburg 136
Auto de fé 69, 235, 236, 242–245
Auto particular 243, 248
Avençadores. See also Slavery 208
Azevedo, João Lúcio de xxii, 6, 56, 120, 180
Azores 16, 107, 173, 174, 211
Baghdad 108
Bahia xxii, xxiii, 16, 21, 25, 68, 70, 71, 73, 75, 79, 80, 90, 100, 114, 116, 134, 136, 138, 140, 144, 145, 147–152, 154, 155, 159–161, 163, 166, 173, 176, 188, 193, 200, 206, 227, 229, 259, 261, 271–273, 275, 276
Balkans 7, 29, 111, 181
Baltic region xiii, 50, 51, 57, 76, 86, 91, 93, 109, 139, 159, 167, 174, 196, 197
Bandeirantes xxi, 90, 143
Baptism xvi, 5, 9, 13, 61, 66, 76, 193
Barbados 39, 56, 146, 191
Barcelona 61, 93, 108
Barreira, S.J., Baltazar 117, 193
Barrera, Alonso 204
Barreto de Meneses, Francisco 279
Barreto, Luis Gómez 241–243
Barreto, Melchior 204
Basques xviii, 18, 19, 95, 167, 222
Batavia 165
Bayezid ii, sultan of the Ottoman empire 53
Belmonte, Diogo Nunes (Jacob Israel) 117, 127, 170, 196, 197
Benedictines 267
Beneméritos (Buenos Aires) 80, 81, 233, 234
Benin 110, 132, 197, 201
Beraha VeSalom, Synagogue 253
Berbery Coast 175
Best, George 183, 185
Bet Jacob congregation (Amsterdam) 196
Bordeaux 26, 182, 183, 191
Brabant 4, 50
Braga 77, 223
Brandão, Ambrósio Fernandes 74, 146, 151
Brandón, Duarte Suárez 219
Bredero, Gebrand Adriaenszoon 196
Bretons xvii
Brito, Heitor Mendes de 214
Brito, Manuel Cea 212, 213
Buenos Aires 43, 78, 80–82, 153, 211, 212, 217, 219, 221, 223, 226–234, 240, 241, 249
Burke, Edmund 253, 255, 256
Byron, George 20
Caballero, Diego 204
Caballero, Alonso 205
Cabo Verde Islands 173, 193, 201, 202, 206, 207, 209, 211, 215, 219, 251
Cabral, Pedro Alvares xiii, 114, 115, 132
Cáceres, Simón (Jahacob) de 122
Cacheu 189, 196, 207, 209, 220
Cadiz 40, 90
Calado do Salvador, Manuel 269
Caldeira, Antonio Nunes 211
Caldeira, Manuel 204, 207, 211
Callao 236, 237
Calvinists 4, 5, 27, 83, 124, 165, 251, 259, 260, 262, 266, 268, 269, 275, 279
Canary Islands 38, 107, 155, 174, 196
Caribbean. See Barbados, Cuba, Curação, Hispaniola, Jamaica, St. Domingue, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Sint Eustatius., St. Kitts
Carmelites 79, 267
Carrera de Indias 90, 98, 99, 141
Carreira da Índia 43, 127, 134
Cartagena de Indias xix, xxiii, 1, 18, 42, 70, 72, 77, 82, 99, 179, 180, 194, 197, 207, 212, 215–220, 222, 225–227, 234, 235, 239–249
Carvajal y de la Cueva, Luis de xx, 38, 203
Carvajal, Luis de (“el Mozo”) 76, 245
Carvalho, Manoel 129, 130, 133, 196
Casa da India 112
Casa de la Contratación de las Indias 112, 212
Casa de Hacienda 212
Castilla del Oro 112
Castro, Alfonso de 204
Castro, Américo 11, 19
Castro Tartas, Isaac de xxii
Catalina, regent of Castile 61, 63
Catarina, regent and queen of Portugal 114
Catholic
church 238, 256, 267
community 13, 78
doctrine xxiii
dogmas 9
faith 10, 74, 226, 245, 271, 274
Flemings 174
nation 40
Portuguese 39, 274
priests and monks xxi, 12, 23, 41, 148, 189, 211, 293, 224, 226, 241, 243, 267, 271
society 29, 30, 45, 190
Cavalcanti, Filippe 135, 136
Cavendish, Thomas 90
Cayenne 68, 250
Charcas 99, 229, 233, 236
Charity (and poverty) 4, 25, 106, 154, 228
Charlemagne, king of Franks, emperor 107
Charles v, king of Spain, emperor 23, 32 100, 112, 201–204, 211
Chile xii, 20, 25, 81, 113, 122, 229, 230, 232, 239
China xviii, 108, 109, 160, 230, 235, 241
Circumcision 27
Clement vii, pope 23
Clement viii, pope 14, 223
Clement x, pope 79
Coelho Pereira, Duarte 7, 114, 115, 136, 137, 144
Coen, Jan Pieterszoon 165
Cofradía de los Judíos de Holanda 239, 242
Cohen Nassi, David 68
Cohen Nassi, David de Isaac 252
Coimbra 79, 164, 224
Columbian and Magellan Exchanges. See Trade in
Columbus, Cristóbal ix, xiv, 48, 55, 56, 84, 85, 111, 160
Companhia Geral para o Estado do Brasil 177, 275, 277–279
Companhia de Navegação e Comercio da India 91
Complicidad grande charge (Peru, Mexico, Cartagena) 135, 237, 238, 240, 242, 247
Conchillos, Lope 39
Confederados (Buenos Aires) 81, 232–234
Congo 117, 189, 201, 203, 211
Conquistadores ix, xiv, xx, 43, 81, 112, 185, 234
Consejo de Indias 212
Consejo de Portugal 193, 211, 214
Contraband trade xvii, 42, 97, 99, 103, 104, 129, 138, 139, 162, 168, 215, 217, 218, 229, 230, 232, 233, 242
Contrabando ejemplar system 228–231, 233, 241
Contra-Remonstrants. See Calvinists
Contratadores. See also Slavery 208, 209, 214, 218, 219
Conversion. See also Baptism
forced 29, 30, 36
questioned 62, 79
voluntary 60, 61, 207
Córdoba (Spain) 11, 14, 71
Cordova 217, 226, 229, 232
Coronel, David Senior. See Saraiva, Duarte
Corruption 39, 70, 168, 224, 225
Cortes (Portugal) 15, 41, 71, 100, 110
Cortés, Hernán 112, 113
Corzo family 236
Costa, Uriel da 25
Coutinho, Gonçalo Vaz 194, 210–212, 232
Coutinho, João Rodriguez 193, 194, 210–214, 232
Coutinho, Manuel de Souza 212
Cromwell, Oliver 26, 48, 49, 54, 120–122
Cuba ix, 103, 113, 202, 212
Cuello, Agustín 210, 212
Curaçao 26, 179, 202, 250–254, 258
Curse of Ham 183
Dávila, Pedro Arias (Pedrarias) 112
Deductie 165, 166, 168–170, 175, 176
Degredados 114–116
Delvás, Antônio Fernández 210, 213–216, 218, 219, 232, 241, 242
Dias, Branca 137
Dias de Milão 155
Dias de Santiago, Bento 137, 155
Dias Henriques, Duarte 140, 194, 198, 209, 216, 219, 220, 232, 234
Dias Mendes de Brito, Francisco 95, 220
Dias Mendes de Brito, Nuno 95
Dias Querido, Diogo (David) 117, 197
Diaz Pimienta, Francisco 194
Diego López Pacheco Cabrera y Bobadilla, Duke of Escalona, viceroy of New Spain 247
Dominican Order xiv, 12, 13, 30, 182, 185, 186, 212, 225, 228
Dotar society 154
Drake, Francis 90, 219
Dunkirk 167
Egika, the Visigoth King of Hispania and Septimania 2
Egypt 109
Ehinger, Heinrich 203
El Cid (Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar) 19
Elmina (Gold Coast) slave trade centre 110, 195, 208, 251
Elvas. See Delvás, Antônio Fernández
Emden 52, 79
Engenhos and Senhores de engenho xxi, 90, 102, 134–136, 143, 145, 147–151, 154, 155, 194, 263, 264
England (and English) xi, xii, xvii–xix, 23, 26, 27, 39, 42, 48, 49, 52–54, 56, 57, 60, 67, 87, 90–94, 96, 97, 99, 104, 118–125, 174, 145, 146, 164, 168, 175, 178, 183, 188, 190, 191, 207, 210, 221, 229, 230, 249–251, 253–255, 268, 275, 278
Esnoga 75, 147
Espinosa, Miguel de 197
Espírito Santo 144, 147
Estado da Índia 124, 142
Estrada y Escobedo, Francisco 113
Evora 223, 239
Expulsion and dispersion x, xiv, 1, 5, 6, 28, 29, 53
Familiares 71, 238, 278
Ferdinand ii, king of Aragon and Spain 20
Ferdinando i, Grand Duke of Tuscany 76
Fernandes, Damião 207
Fernandes, Diogo 136, 137, 155
Fernandes, Duarte 197
Fernandes Landim, António 220
Fernandes Lucena, Vasco 116
Fernandes Ximenes, António 77
Fernández Ayres, Gil 211
Fernández Monsanto, Marcos 105
Ferrara 22, 23
Ferreira („Ganagoga”), João 116
Flanders 50, 140
Flemings xviii, 152, 157, 159, 171, 174, 177, 202
Florence (and Florentines) 22, 77, 110, 118, 132, 136, 142, 202
Flota de Indias 90, 243
Fluidschepen 51, 133
Fonseca Ramires (alias David Curiel), Lopo da 158, 167
Fonseca Enríquez, Manuel de 241
Fort Nassau (Gold Coast) 251
France (and French) xii, xix, xx, xxii, xxiii, 7, 22, 27, 30, 33, 34, 38, 40, 44–46, 56, 57, 59, 67, 84, 85, 90, 93, 94, 97, 100, 105, 107, 116, 118, 119, 129, 143, 146, 150, 164, 168, 175, 182, 183, 188, 190, 191, 196, 207, 210, 221, 240, 249, 253–256, 258, 268, 275, 279
Franco, Luis 241
Franco, Manuel 243
Frias, Manuel de 81
Froger, François 150
Fuggers family 33, 34, 46, 95, 135, 136
Furtado de Mendoça, Heitor 163
Gama, Gaspar da xii, xiii
Gama, Vasco da xiii, 7, 111, 132
Gardin, Nicholas du 172
Gdańsk (Danzig) 51, 86, 159, 196
Genoa (and Genoese) xiv, 33, 34, 36, 46, 95, 96, 109, 110, 118, 121, 138, 139, 157, 181, 202, 204, 205, 207, 218, 236
Germany (and Germans) 52, 53, 58, 80, 136, 140, 160, 181, 202, 254
Gibraltar xxii
Goa 1, 37, 77, 88, 126, 138, 139, 247
Godijn, Samuel 172
Gold
from Africa 92, 110, 195
from Minas Gerais xix, 96, 155
from Mexico and Peru 86, 246, 247
Gold Coast 110, 251, 276
Gomes de Lisboa, Pedro 197
Gomes Solis, Duarte 126, 214
Gómez Angel, Melchor 210, 218
Gongóra, Diego de 233
Gouvenot, Laurent de (alias Lorenzo Gorrevod) 202, 203, 205
Gradis family 191
Gramaxo, Antonio Nunes 219, 241
Gramaxo family 77, 198, 219
Gramaxo, Jorge Fernándes 77, 219, 241
Gramaxo, Luis Fernandes 219
Grotius, Hugo 27, 185
Greeks 112
Gregory xiii, pope 228
Guadelupe 254
Hadrian vi, pope 136
Hagen, Van der 182
Halakhah 63, 64
Hamburg 3, 22, 26, 38, 53, 62, 94, 96, 99, 109, 120, 128, 139, 140, 153, 158, 168, 170, 172, 174, 177
Hanseatic League 93, 109, 164
Haskamot 25
Hawkins, John 196, 245
Heeren xvii. See voc
Heeren xix. See wic
Hein, Piet 94
Herem 25, 62
Hieronymite Order 12
Hispaniola ix, xx, 84, 99, 103, 157, 202
Holanda, Arnau de 136
Holy See. See also Rome 13, 15, 28, 185, 189
Hómem, António 224
Homem de Pinto, Jorge 263, 266
Homen dividido. See Marranos
Homens de negociós. See also Merchant-financiers 32, 33, 101, 105, 127, 138, 140
Huguenots xviii, 57, 84
Iberian cultural tradition 2, 3
Iberian Union x, 14, 39, 70, 78, 90, 92, 95, 100, 103, 113, 146, 155, 161, 164, 166–168, 198, 201, 208–210, 214, 222, 229, 234, 245, 249, 250
Ibn Hurdadbeh 108
India xiii, xiv, xviii, 7, 15, 36, 37, 84, 86, 88, 92, 106, 114, 132, 134, 137, 160, 163, 194, 235
Indians
and bandeirantes and Brazilian insurrection 90, 116, 273
and demographic catastrophe x, xx, 87, 201, 202
and destruction of plantations 100, 137, 143
and the Dutch 273
as forced plantation labour 87, 88, 90
as miners 87, 88
as slaves 81, 83, 90, 132, 189, 202
in Catholic doctrine and royal policy 89, 182, 185, 193
warlike 20, 38
Innocent iii, pope 19
Innocent xi, pope 189
Insurance chamber 131
Isabella, queen of Castile and Spain xv, 62
Isidore, saint, archbishop of Seville 2
Islam (and Muslims) xv, 6, 18–620, 61, 67, 107, 109–112, 117, 175, 181–183, 189, 190, 202
Istanbul x, 4, 53, 111
Italy (and Italians) x, 23, 29, 40, 42, 91, 107, 111, 118, 120, 121, 136, 140, 143, 152, 157, 210, 229, 240
Itamaracá 102, 144, 155, 163, 176
Jamaica 56, 122, 129
James i, king of England 87
Jerusalem 109, 239, 250
Jesuits xxi, xxii, 12, 14, 15, 64, 68, 69, 73, 88, 90, 100, 117, 136, 143, 149, 182, 185, 193, 228, 229, 267, 276, 277
Joal 117, 118
João ii, king of Portugal 6, 7, 110
João iii, king of Portugal 23, 72, 204, 208
João iv, king of Portugal 15, 141, 247, 275, 276, 278
Jodensavanne 252, 253, 259
Jorge, Gaspar 204, 206
Jorge, Gonzalo 204, 206
Juan de Avila, saint xiv
Jujuy 227, 231
Julius iii, pope 111
Kaffa 109
Kahal Zur Israel, Synagogue 266
Khazar empire 108
Kinship and trust 44, 126–130, 140, 214, 221
Lafuente Machain, Ricardo 231
Laínez Gomez de León, Diego 12, 228
Lamego, Antonio Mendes 216
Lamego, Antonio Rodríguez 216
Lamego family 209, 216
Lamego, Miguel Rodríguez 216, 217
Lançados 116, 117, 196, 201, 207
La Plata xii, 80–82, 99, 197, 211, 212, 215, 218, 220, 222, 223, 226–231, 234, 239, 249
Las Casas, Bartolomé de xiv, 182
Las Palmas. See Canary Islands
Lavradores da cana 148, 149, 152, 153, 264. See also Engenho and Sugar Plantations
Lelewel, Joachim xiii
Lemos, Luis 241
Lepanto 96, 111, 194
Lerma, Francisco Gómez de Sandoval y Rojas, Duke de 39, 214, 223–225
Levant trade 91, 109. See also Mediterranean
Levi Morteira, Saul 69
[ha-]Levi, Solomon. See Santa Maria, Pablo 61, 235
Lima xix, xxiii, 41–43, 73, 75, 81, 82, 103, 153, 179, 180, 191, 198, 207, 225–230, 236–239, 241–246, 248, 249
Limpieza de sangre xxii, xxiii, 10–14, 16–18, 20, 25, 38–40, 63, 64, 68, 71, 77, 79, 139, 154, 224
Linhares, count of 134
Lins, Cristóvão 135, 136
Lins, Sibaldo 136
Livorno 1, 22, 62, 111, 117, 119, 121, 133, 250
Locke, John 186
Lok, John 186
London xviii, xx, 3, 16, 52, 122, 128, 140, 146
Lopes Pinto, Andrea 133
Lopes de Vera, Pedro 263
López Fonseca, Diego 241
Louis xiv, king of France xxiii, 45
Louis xv, king of France 45
Loyola, Ignatius de 12
Luanda. See Angola
Lutherans 79, 267
Luzzatto, Simeon 121
Lvov 66
Macao 103
Madeira 16, 22, 48, 89, 107, 110, 115, 117, 118, 132, 133, 136, 144, 148, 157, 171, 174, 175, 187, 188, 232
Madrid xxii, 17, 39–42, 67, 84, 94, 95, 102, 103, 130, 138–140, 151, 158, 161, 164, 166–168, 172, 175, 179, 194, 198, 213–215, 217, 225, 228, 229, 231, 233, 234, 239, 246, 273
Magen Abraham, Synagogue 266
Mahamad 23, 25
Maldives 84
Maldonado de Silva, Francisco 75, 235
Mallorca 10, 13, 108
Mandeville, Bernard 4, 5
Manila (and Philippines) 43, 103, 118, 137, 247, 230
Manuel i, king of Portugal 6, 29
Mañara family 236
Maranhão 85, 100, 114, 188, 194, 270, 273
Marchionni, Bartolomeo 110, 132
Marranos xiv, 8–11, 14, 24, 25, 31, 38, 44–46, 52, 56, 59, 62, 69, 70, 231
Martinique 254
Martyrdom xxii, 7, 10, 28–30, 64, 76, 115, 248
Maurits van Nassau- Siegen, Johan 260, 262, 264–267, 269, 272, 273
Mauritsstad 267
Maximilian ii, king of Germany, emperor
Mecca, port 108
Medina, port 108
Mediterranean xvii, xxiii, 1, 6, 26, 36, 37, 48, 50, 52, 54, 66, 91–93, 96–98, 105, 107–109, 111, 118, 133, 137, 141, 157, 181, 187, 196
Menasseh ben Israel (alias Manoel Dias Soeiro) 48, 51, 120, 121, 130, 256
Mendes, Diogo 23, 33, 66, 136
Mendes Lamego, Antonio 216
Mendes, Luis 267
Mendés-France, David 191
Mendés-France, Isaac 191
Méndez de Sousa, Cristobal 210, 218
Menéndez de Avilés, Pedro 94
Mercantilism xvi, 45, 96, 119, 126
Merchant credit 95, 135, 151–153
Merchant-financiers (mercadores-banqueiros) 32, 119, 121, 125, 134, 135, 138, 179, 201, 213, 215, 224, 247, 251
Meshummadim 62
Messianism, Jewish 26, 63
Mexico ix, x, xix, xxiii, 36, 38, 42–44, 71, 72, 76, 88, 92, 101, 102, 112, 113, 140, 142, 181, 182, 202, 222, 225, 226, 234, 235, 241–249
México, Ciudad de x, xix, xviii, 41, 42, 101, 113, 140, 173, 180, 201, 224, 225, 235, 241, 242, 244, 245, 247–249
Middelburg 182, 183
Minas Gerais xix, xxiii, 16, 96, 155, 250, 279
Montezinos, Antonio de (alias Aharon Levi) 26
Morelos (New Spain) 157
Moriscos 6, 20, 97, 225
Morocco x, xxii, 29, 37, 67, 84, 106, 117, 164, 181
Mulatto 16, 18, 57, 83, 90, 115, 193, 201, 221, 273
Nantes (and Edict of) 45, 57, 191
Naples 140
Nasci, Don Josef, duke of Naxos (alias João Micas) 66, 111
Nasci, Doña Grácia (alias Beatriz de Luna) 4, 23, 33, 66, 111
New Amsterdam 27, 250, 253, 280
“New Jews” 23–26, 35, 62, 67, 68, 106, 120, 121, 125, 129, 164, 165, 169, 250, 253, 258–261, 263–266, 269, 272, 275
Nicholas v, pope 12
Nieuw-Holland (New Holland) xii, 65, 172, 199, 250, 251, 253, 256–268, 270, 272–274
Noronha, Fernando de. See Linhares
Noronha, Fernão de 114, 115, 132–134, 206
North Sea region 50, 51, 86, 109
Nova Lusitânia. See Pernambuco
Nuevo Reino de Granada. See Santa Marta y Rio de la Hecha, Antioquia, Popayán 241
Nuevo Reino de León xx, 38, 76, 203
Nunes Caldeira, Antonio 211
Nunes Correira, Diogo 147, 151
Nunes Correira family 135, 151, 153
Nunes Correira, Henrique 151
Nunes Correira, João 135, 147, 151, 153
Nunes da Costa (alias Jacob Curiel), Duarte
Nunes da Costa (alias Moseh Curiel), Jeronimo
Nunes Matos, Manuel 155, 176
Nunes Saravia, João 41, 42, 95, 152, 153, 216
Núñez, Alfonso 206
Nuñes da Fonseca, José. See Cohen Nassi, David
Ochoa, Hernando de 204
Olinda 137, 138
Olivares, Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimental, Count-Duke de 39–42, 105, 121, 138–140, 158, 179, 225, 242, 273
Oliveira, Fernão de 185, 186
Onomastics 68
Onzeneiros 135
Oporto 73, 133, 141, 161, 164, 165, 168, 170, 171, 252
Orders, religious military 11, 31, 39, 79, 101, 139
Oriental Jews xxiii, 108, 109
Oropesa, Alonso de 12
Osorio, Bento (Baruch) 129, 139, 196, 197, 261
Ossoliński, Jerzy 4
Ottoman empire (and Turks) x, 2, 3, 7, 15, 22, 26, 29, 32, 53, 54, 66, 67, 96, 111, 181, 239
Palafox y Mendoza, Juan de, bishop, viceroy of New Spain 247
Pallache, Samuel 66, 67
Pallos Dias 207
Palma, Ricardo 238, 240
Parades, Andrés de 204
Paraguay 81, 99, 100, 194, 229, 232, 239
Paraíba xxiii, 102, 144, 148, 151, 155, 163, 176, 250, 263, 272, 279
Paredes family 155
Paris xx, 139, 140
Parnasim 23, 25, 269, 270
Patente onrossa 270
Paul iii, pope 23, 31, 111
Paul iv, pope 12, 111
Paul v, pope 225
Paz, Duarte de 31, 67, 138
Paz, João de (“Maestro de Paz”) 31, 138
Paz, Manuel de 95, 138, 139
Paz Pinto, Diaz de 241, 242
Pedro ii, king of Portugal 15, 71, 101
Peralta, Gaspar de 205
Pereira, Manuel 193
Peretti. See Sixtus v
Pereyra, Abraham (Tomé) 26, 179
Pérez de Costa, Diego 229
Pérez, Manuel Bautista 73, 74, 90, 198, 207, 234–236, 238, 241, 242, 248
Pernambuco xix, xxiii, 7, 16, 71, 79, 80, 86, 98, 102, 114, 116, 118, 133, 135–138, 140, 141, 143–145, 147–152, 154, 155, 161, 163, 172, 176, 189, 194, 200, 234, 235, 250, 257–259, 261, 267, 271–274
Persian 107, 108, 111
Peru x, 43, 74, 80, 88, 89, 94, 99, 100, 103, 194, 200, 201, 222, 223, 226–231, 234, 235, 237–240, 243, 244, 246–248
Peruleiros 80, 228, 230
Peruleros 80, 230
Philip ii Augustus, king of France 34
Philip ii, king of Spain x, 12–14, 38, 48, 84, 95, 204
Philip iii, king of Spain 39, 103, 214, 223, 224
Philip iv, king of Spain 39, 40, 42, 80, 95, 121, 139, 153, 225, 247
Pinto, Isaac de 3
Pirates xxi, 97, 131, 175, 181, 261
Pius v, pope 13, 14
Poland xiii, 15, 54
Pombal, Marquis de xxii, 35, 191
Pombeirois (and pumbeiros) 117
Popayán 219, 241
Portudal (Porto d’Ale) 117, 118
Portuguese caravels 141, 160, 168, 278
Postan, Michael M. xiii
Potosí. See Silver mines
Prado, Juan de 25
Prague 108, 181
Predikanten 266, 267
Privateers (and corsairs) xxi, 90, 97, 131, 119, 258, 167, 170, 175, 196, 217, 277
Proselytism 2, 65
Protestant
merchants 52, 133, 141, 142, 166, 168, 172, 196, 197, 251, 257, 258
emigrants 4, 50, 54, 165
Przemyśl 108
Purity of blood. See Limpieza de sangre
Radhanite merchants xvii, 107, 108
Ramalho, João 116
Raposo Tavares, Antônio 90
Recife 1, 160, 259, 260, 263–266, 268, 272, 274, 279
Recôncavo (Bahia) 144, 147, 134
Reinoso, Francisco de, bishop of Cordoba 13, 14
Resgate 189
Reynel, Gómez Pedro 194, 210, 211, 214
Ribeiro Grande. See Cape Verde
Richelieu, cardinal 240
Rio de Janeiro xxiii, 16, 80, 84, 90, 101, 144, 145, 149, 150, 153–155, 193, 212, 227, 229, 250, 276, 279
Rio de la Plata route (Camino real) 227
Rio de São Domingos area (Cacheu region) 207
Rodney, George 255
Rodrigues, Ana 75
Rodrigues, Emanuel 207
Rodrigues d’Evora family 158, 214
Rodrigues de Lisboa, Diogo
Rodrigues Mascarenhas, António 132
Rodrigues Mascarenhas, João 132, 206
Rodrigues (Roiz) Solis, Elena 216
Rodrigues, Simón 207
Rodrigues Vega, Manoel 129, 133, 171, 173
Rodríguez Mesa, Juan 241, 242
Rome 4, 31, 67, 140, 228
Rotterdam 27, 140, 166, 172, 173, 182
Rouen 45, 129, 139, 198, 216, 217, 223
Rovellasca (Rovalesca), Giovanni Battista xviii
Ruiters, Dierick 272
Sá, Mem de 75, 90, 124, 134
Sá (“O Velho”), Salvador Correia de 227
Sá e Benevides, Salvador Correia de 276
Saavedra, Hernando Arias (Hernandarias) de 223, 232, 233
Sabbatai, Zewi 26
Safed 53, 229, 239
Salamanca xiv, xv, 186, 212
Salucio, Agustino 13, 225
Salvador (Bahia) 1, 150, 161, 176, 259
Sánchez-Albornos, Claudio 19, 20
Sanchez, Juan xv
San Sebastian 93
Santa Maria, Pablo, bishop of Burgos 61, 235
Santa Marta y Rio de la Hecha 241
Santángel, Luis de xiv
Santos 90, 116
Saõ Paulo 8, 90, 100, 116
Saõ Tomé Island 1, 7, 16, 22, 37, 56, 88, 89, 102, 107, 110, 115, 144, 157, 173, 187, 188, 193, 196, 197, 201, 202, 206, 207, 209, 216, 251
Saõ Vicente. See also Santos and Saõ Paulo 90, 136, 143, 144
Saraiva, Duarte 263
Schetz, Erasmus 135, 136
Sebastian, king of Portugal x, 37, 89
Seiler (Sayller), Hieronymus 203
Seneca 19
Senegambia. See Joal, Portudal
Sergipe, plantation
Seville. See also Slavery and Trade
and merchants 41, 95, 202, 206, 211, 230
and migrations 40, 68, 164, 171, 214, 225
as slave harbour 94, 204–206, 208, 212, 213, 215, 224
as trade centre xviii, 90, 96, 97, 112, 219, 226, 228
Silíceo, Juan Martínez, cardinal 12
Silva, Duarte da 276, 278, 279
Silva, Gabriel da 209
Silva, Gomes da 209
Silver mines (Potosi and Zacatecas) and production 19, 80, 84, 86–88, 99, 102, 104, 153, 218, 222, 226–229, 231, 232, 236, 244
Silver trade and smuggling 52, 86, 93, 94, 96, 102–104, 112, 124, 137, 153, 227, 229, 230, 239
Sint Eustatius 253–256, 258
Sisebut, the Visigoth King of Hispania and Septimania 2
Sistema de castas 18, 82
Slavery
and asiento de negros 201, 202, 209, 211, 214, 224
and attitude of Jews and Christians 82, 83, 181, 182, 186
and contratadores and negreiros 59, 190, 192, 194, 208, 209, 214, 218–220
and cultural argument, pieza de Indias and dehumanization 183, 188, 189
and licenses and capitulaciónes 202–206, 208
and mortality 126, 127, 200
and new tstd2 data 183, 184, 200, 203, 215
and opposition to 182, 185, 189
and plantations in Suriname xix, 251, 252
and plantations on Madeira 89, 110, 118, 144, 148, 187, 188
and white slaves 181
in Africa 117, 183, 187
in Brazil 89, 187, 189, 198–201, 221, 273
in Nieuw-Holland 265, 266
in Peru and Mexico 201
in Spain and Portugal 182
Smith, Adam xi, xix, xx, 253
Smyrna 26
Snellinck, Cornelis 171, 173
Soares de Sousa, Gabriel 144, 145, 206
Soares, Simão 95
Sobieski, Jakób 17
Soler, Vicente Joaquim 265
Sombart, Werner xiv, 46–49, 53–59, 86, 120, 146
Soto, Domingo de 186
Sousa, Luis de. See Coutinho, Manuel de Souza
Sousa, Martim Afonso de 136, 227
South Atlantic as a “Sephardic Ocean” 198, 219
Souza, Tomé de 56, 102, 114
Spanish embargoes 42, 164, 167
Spice Islands 84
Spinoza, Baruch (Benedict) de 25, 28, 30, 35, 69
States-General 67, 98, 162, 165–167, 170, 182, 258, 266, 269, 270
St. Domingue (Haiti) 191, 254
St. Kitts 256
Suez 108
Sugar plantations xvi, 56, 74, 84, 115, 118, 131, 135, 136, 138, 143–154, 157, 173, 183, 186–188, 192, 200, 219, 252, 262, 274. See also trade, engenho, lavradores da cana , refineries
Sugar refineries 178, 179
Suriname xii, xiii, xix, xxi, xxiii, 4, 56, 59, 68, 82, 83, 128, 179, 250–254, 257, 259
Syrians 107
Tavora, Christovão de. See Cohen Nassi, David
Tax farming 12, 31, 40, 75, 118, 132, 155, 213, 215, 263
Teixeira, Bento 154
Temudo, Manoel 147, 272
Teresa de Avila, saint xiv
Thessaloniki x, 1, 3, 53, 111
Thirty Years War 164, 250–252, 275
Tinoco de Carvalho, Fernando 138, 139
Toledo 2, 5, 11–14, 41, 61, 63, 112
Torres, Alonso (Afonso) de 205, 206
Torres, Diego 205, 206
Torres, Gaspar de 204, 205, 206
Torres, Luis de xiv
Torres, Melchor de 206
Trade
bulk (staple) 86, 158
cross-cultural 30, 32, 73, 129, 130, 142, 170, 171, 177
networks xvi, xvii, 36, 54, 77, 97, 106, 118, 122–126, 129, 131–133, 137, 140, 141, 163, 172, 174, 179, 192, 198, 219, 235, 239, 243, 249
rich (luxury) xix, 43, 44, 50, 86, 87, 92, 93, 96, 124, 137, 143, 158, 162, 230
Trade in. See also Gold and Silver trade
arms 73, 117, 167, 255, 264
cattle 113, 150, 155, 229
cinnamon 52, 108, 163
cochineal 86, 137, 170
cocoa 86, 137, 170, 254
corals 137
cotton xiii, 87, 138, 168, 229, 254, 277
diamonds 22, 43, 86, 138, 163, 197
grain xiii, xv, 51, 76, 86, 91, 93, 133, 159, 167, 173, 174, 197, 206
Trade in (cont.)herring 86, 91
hides 108, 132, 134, 162, 198, 229, 254, 277
indigo 86, 121, 138, 235, 254
ivory 86, 92, 110, 132, 138, 197
pau-brasil 86, 114, 115, 132, 143, 153, 160, 163, 172, 174, 237, 264, 279
pearls 77, 138, 162, 170, 219, 235
porcelain 86 93, 138
rum 254
salt 35, 86, 93, 99, 133, 162, 174
silk 86, 103, 108, 137, 138, 235
spices 22, 23, 34, 43, 73, 92, 109, 132, 137, 157, 194, 214
sugar 52, 87, 118, 130, 145, 156, 158, 160, 161, 163–166, 170–178, 198, 252, 260, 263
timber xiii, 86, 91, 93, 97, 108, 133, 163
tobacco 56, 57, 99, 133, 162, 194, 252, 254
wine 66, 121, 174, 194, 235, 277
Trade factor. See also Slavery 139, 168, 169, 172, 173, 208–209, 217–220, 232, 241
Trading posts (feitorias). See also Slavery 37, 88, 114, 116, 117, 134, 196, 207, 208, 218, 231
Treviño de Sobremonte, Tomás 248
Tucumán 226–229, 231, 232, 239
Tuscany 76, 77, 111, 133
Ulhoa, Diogo Lopes de 147
Unamuno, Miguel de 19
Upper Guinea 1, 16, 116, 117, 187, 197, 214, 220, 226, 264
Upper Peru 226, 228–230
Utrecht 136
Usselincx, Willem 165, 178, 261
Vaez, Bento 204
Váez Sevilla, Simón 226, 235, 241, 244, 247, 248
Vaz de Évora 209
Vaz Pimentel, Luis 173
Vecinho, Josef xv
Vecinos 231, 234, 240
Veiga, Diogo da 77, 81, 212, 214, 219, 231–233
Venice (and Venetians) x, 22, 23, 25, 54, 109, 111, 121, 133, 139, 140, 153, 172, 178, 181, 236
Veracruz 99
Vergara, Juan de 81, 231–233
Vespuzzi (Vespucci), Amerigo xiii
Viana (Viana do Castelo) 136, 168–171
Vieira, Antonio, S.J. 64, 69, 73, 141, 182, 188, 189, 193, 234, 276–278
Vieira, João Fernandes 263, 266
Villalón, Cristóbal 128
Vitória, Francisco de xiv, 186
Vitória, Francisco de, bishop of Tucumán 227–229
Vlissingen 183
voc (Dutch East India Company) 49, 52, 92, 94, 97, 98, 104, 123–125, 135, 145, 162, 165, 174, 177, 254, 258, 260, 278
Voltaire 3
War, just 185, 186, 189
Welsers family 33, 135, 202, 203, 205, 207
West Indies xix, 122, 182, 240
wic (Dutch West India Company) xix, 49, 94, 98, 118, 124, 125, 141, 161, 164–167, 169, 170, 175, 178, 179, 197, 199, 239, 240, 250, 251, 256, 258, 260–268, 270, 271, 272, 276–279
Wild Coast (and Cayenne) 68, 250
Ximénes d’Aragão family xvii, 76, 77, 101, 133, 142, 151, 155, 158, 207, 209, 214
Ximenes, Duarte 155, 176
Ximenes, Fernão 76, 133
Ximénes Cisneros, Francisco, cardinal-regent 202
Ximénes, Simone 77
Yllan, João de 26, 258
Yllán, Garcia de 42
Zacatecas. See Silver mines
Zacuto, Abraham xv
Zambezi river 118
Zarfati, Isaac 53
Zeeland 159, 165, 258, 260, 277

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Jews and New Christians in the Making of the Atlantic World in the 16th–17th Centuries

A Survey

Series:  Studies in Critical Social Sciences, Volume: 269
Cover Jews and New Christians in the Making of the Atlantic World in the 16th–17th Centuries
E-Book ISBN:
9789004686441
Publisher:
Brill
Print Publication Date:
03 Nov 2023
  • Subjects
    • History
      • Economic History
    • Jewish Studies
      • History & Culture
    • Social Sciences
      • Critical Social Sciences
      • Global Studies
Front Matter
Preliminary Material
Copyright Page
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 Terminology as Differentiation
Chapter 2 ‘The Portuguese’
Chapter 3 Sombart’s Fantasies: Jews, the Netherlands, and the Colonisation of the New World
Chapter 4 More about the New Christians
Chapter 5 The Iberian Atlantic: an Overview
Chapter 6 Back to Long-Distance Trade: Networks
Chapter 7 Brazilian Sugar and the New Christians: Networks and Production
Chapter 8 Brazilian Sugar and the New Christians: Trade
Chapter 9 The First Slaves: Context
Chapter 10 Portuguese asientos, Time of the New Christians
Chapter 11 In Spanish America: from Buenos Aires to the Stake
Conclusion: tempo dos flamengos – the Amsterdam Jews in the Nieuw-Holland
Back Matter
References
Index

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