Index
alternative temporality and spatiality
73, 75, 85, 257
anarchism
197–210, 217–218
Anglo-Russian air war
94–96
Anglo-Russian Convention
95
anti-colonialism
221, 234–235, 250
anti-hierarchical system
201
anti-Manchu
movement
32, 238
sentiment
157
revolution
197
anti-Manchurianism
87
anti-Qing sentiments
201
autocracy
141, 201
Avatamsa (Huayan jie) 華巖界
178–179
Azuma, Heiji 吾妻兵治
180
Bakunin, Mikhail
201, 204
Ban Gu 班固
43
Bao Tianxiao 包天笑
1, 24, 34
Bellamy, Edward
3, 167
“belles-lettres” (ji 集)
34, 42–43, 45, 257
“Benguan fuyin shuobu yuanqi” 本館附印說部緣起 (“Reasons for the Publication of Novels in the National News Daily”), Yan Fu 嚴復
16, 31–32, 40
Bentham, Jeremy
213
bibliographic categories
34, 40, 42–44, 257
bibliography
15, 31, 41–45, 47, 118, 257
Biheguan Zhuren 碧荷館主人 (Yang Ziyuan 楊子元)
38, 101, 104–105, 109–111, 221
Bluntschli, Johann Kaspar
180–181
“Board of War” (bingbu 兵部)
121, 144
Book of Songs (Shijing 詩經), the Odes of Wang (Wangfeng 王風)
46
Boxer Uprising
31, 55, 81, 127, 131, see also Guangzhou Uprising, Second; Sichuan Uprising; Wuchang Uprising
Buddhism
169, 173–175, 194–195
in Tang Dynasty
8
bureaucracy
123, 143, 146, 151, 153, 159
Cai Yuanpei 蔡元培
1, 119, 199–203, 204–210, 213, 260
and anarchism
202
concept of modern nation
207
nationalism
202, 208
“A New Year’s Dream,”
2, 24, 35, 124–125, 136, 138, 197–199, 202–204, 206–209, 218–221, 261
and socialism
217
“On College Curricula”
32
capitalism
176, 222, 240
“Category of Fiction” (小說門 xiaoshuo men)
45–47
Cen Chunxuan 岑春煊
139
Chen Tianhua 陳天華
24, 32
Chinese bibliography, legitimization of fiction in
41–48
Chinese Fiction
1, 6–7, 78–79, 84
Chinese-Korean Tumen River Demarcation
227
Chinese Socialist Party
197
“Chiren meng” 痴人夢 (“A Fool’s Dream”) by Dun Gen 鈍根
156, 158–160, 163
Chiren shuomeng ji 痴人說夢記 (A Madman’s Dream), Lü Sheng
3, 36, 221, 224, 235–242, 248–250
Christ, Jesus
61
citizens (see also morality; nation-state)
22, 40, 51–53, 67, 72–73, 127, 135, 156, 158, 181–183, 192, 206–208, 210, 213, 233, 239, 241, 245, 247, 253, 255, 261
and collectivism
52
definition of
51
Liang Qichao on
51, 182
morality of
182
and public morality
22
civilization
3, 29, 32, 52, 56, 102, 181, 184, 225, 238–239, 242, 246, 261–262
“classics” (jing 經)
34, 42, 44, 256–257
collective will
191, 245, 247
collectivism
51–52, 181, 191, 204, 208
colonialism
96, 217, 221–228, 235–241, 248–249
of Chinese
192, 224, 229–230, 232–234
classical
223, 229–230
coastal
227
territorial
232
colonization
36, 96, 202, 221–222, 224–226, 228, 232–233, 235–236, 238, 241–243, 249
classical
229
commercial
231
resistance of
3
Western imperialist
230
communal
60, 253
communist utopias
35–36, 258
Confucian
classics
118, 256
moral order
11, 187, 216
paradise
29
perspective
57
political order
30, 215, 218
self-cultivation
246
Confucianism
29–30, 51, 57, 210, 213, 216, 244, 246, 249, 256, 260–261
human evil and
215
and morality (dao 道)
28
and self-discipline
218
Zhuchen and
215
Confucius, birth of
61–62, 68
Confucius Island
36, 221, 224, 243–246, 249–250
Constitutional
campaign
35, 120, 140–154
monarchy
81, 149, 152, 159
party
73, 180, 185, 190–192
constitutionalism
64–65, 87, 105, 141–142, 147, 152, 154, 247
Convention for Lease of the Liaotung Peninsula
131
cosmopolitanism
35–36, 180–181, 186, 189, 195, 197–199, 203–204, 206, 212–213, 216, 218
international
184
of Kant
208
cosmopolitan
utopias
198, 202, 204, 206, 208, 210, 212
world
181–182, 194, 213, 219
cultural colonization policy
238
culture
3, 8, 12, 14, 19, 21, 50–51, 57, 59, 96, 108, 162, 166, 205, 234, 247–248, 260
Dao (道)
28–29
Daoism
29–30, 166
Darwin, Charles
171
Darwinian
17, 63, 226, 229
Darwinist
82, 102, 229
decolonization
202–203, 218
democracy
155, 183
de/reterritorialization
241–242
Di 棣. See Huang Shizhong
Dickens, Charles
20
Disraeli, Benjamin
81, 124
dissemination
4–5, 12–13, 17–18, 25, 41, 58, 71, 75–77, 157, 201, 224, 231, 249, 253, 257–258, see also knowledge
Donghai Juewo 東海覺我. See Xu Nianci
Dongou nühaojie 東歐女豪傑 (The Heroine of Eastern Europe)
78
Dowager Cixi 慈禧太后, Empress
139, 141, 150, 152, 207
dual signification
72–73, 75, 82, 87–89, 95–96, 107–109, 257
“Dujue Hui” 獨腳會 (“The One-legged Society”)
21–22
“Du xin xiaoshuo fa” 讀新小說法 (“Reading Methods of New Fiction”)
17, 22, 49, 255
economic exploitation
228, 240
“Eluosi dafengchao” 俄羅斯大風潮 (“The Big Wave in Russia”), Ma Junwu
200
Eshi jingwen 俄事警聞 (The Alarming News from Russia)
35, 124–125, 131, 136–138, 200–201, 204
ethnic transnationalism
234
European classical colonialism
231
evolution
55, 62, 65, 68, 92, 96, 102–103, 169–172, 175, 181–182, 184–188, 216–218, 259–260
Darwinian theory of
17
and ethics
27, 168, 174
futuristic
35, 193
Liang Qichao and
171
rejection of
17
evolutionary
competition
181
historiography
23–24, 62, 156
history
259
exploitation
223, 228–229, 232, 240
of economic/natural resources
229
Ezhou, rebellion in
155
family, abolition of
203–206, see also marriage, abolition of
fantasy
23, 37, 68, 88, 95, 100–101, 167, 259, 263
Feng Shuluan 馮叔鸞 (Ma Er 馬二)
70
fiction magazines
20
Flammarion, Camille
173
French Revolution
210
Fu Xi 伏羲
239
generic community
36, 251–252, 256, 263–264
genre theory
13, 18, 25, 34
Geographical
writings
45
location
145, 260, 262
Guan Daru 管達如
22, 78–79, 91
Guangdong
62, 155, 179, autonomy of 192–193
Guangxu, Emperor 光緒
62, 98, 135–136, 141, 143, 146, 148–150, 207
and subscription system
142–143
“Guangxu wannian” 光緒萬年 (“The Ten-Thousandth Year of the Reign of Guangxu”)
140, 146, 148–149
Guangzhou Uprising, Second
154, 157
Guan Yun 觀雲
234
Guazi 瓜子
133–134
Gu Xieguang 顧燮光
47
Hague Peace Conference
108
Haitain Duxiaozi 海天獨嘯子
91–92
Haiwai Yeren 海外野人
36, 221, 224, 243, 249
Han Gaozu 漢高祖
81
Hankou, battle of
156
“The Heaven Principle” (tianli 天理)
11, 172, 182
“historical accounts” (shizhuan 史傳)
14–15, 25, 37–48, 58, 63–65, 74, 106
‘imaginativeness’ of
63
“historical writing” (shibi 史筆)
23–25, 42–43, 61–64, 74–75, 85, 89, 93, 95, 105, 107, 110–111
“historical records” (shi 史)
23, 34, 42, 44–45, 66, 134, 256–257
Hong Bingwen 洪炳文
99
Hong Xingquan 洪興全
64
Huang Boyao 黃伯耀
125
Huang Di 黃帝
105, 239
Huangjiang Diaosou 荒江釣叟
3
Huang Moxi 黃摩西
27, 168
Huang Shizhong 黃世仲
98–99, 125–126
humanism
197–198, 206, 208, 218, 261
Hundred Days’ Reform
3, 80, 173, 190
Hungarian Conference
62, 180
Huxley, Thomas Henry
27, 174
imagined nation
157, 252, 264
imperialism
96, 183–184, 214, 217, 222, 225–227, 235–237, 243
nationalist
189, 226, 237
imperialist-colonialism
231, 234, 240–241, 248
imperialist invasions
236–237
individualism
183, 213
inevitable connection
73, 109, 257
Inoue, Enryō 井上圓了
32
Inoue, Tsutomu 井上勤
90
intellectuals
11, 25, 35–36, 117–119, 177, 180, 189, 191, 197, 200, 212–213, 215, 217, 228–232, 234, 248–249, 263
intelligence
72, 183, 238
internal focalization
86–87, 103
Japanese
fiction
46, 166
intellectuals
177, 180
knowledge
73
migration
223
political fiction
60, 82, 166
Jewish diaspora
238–239, 242
Jiangsu Journal 江蘇
35, 130–134
Jie Te 頡德 (Benjamin Kidd)
170, 172
Jin dynasties
260
Jinghuayuan 鏡花緣 (Flowers in the Mirror), Li Ruzhen
23, 70, 165
Jingshi zhong 警世鐘 (An Alarm to Awaken the World)
32
Jingzhong ribao 警鐘日報 (Awakening Bell)
125, 201
Jiu Zhongguo weilai ji 舊中國未來記 (The Future of Old China), Liang Qicho
55, 81, 175
Ji Yun 紀昀
43–44
Jiang Kanghu 江亢虎
197
Kang Youwei 康有為
11, 15, 31, 34, 40–42, 46, 48, 58, 73, 149–150, 173, 178, 180, 189, 194, 241, 257
karma, law of
63, 68
Katayama, Sen 片山潛
177
Katō, Hiroyuki 加藤弘之
180, 184
Kemuyama, Sentarō 煙山専太郎
201
knowledge
dissemination
4–5, 41, 58, 253
formation
4–5, 14, 21–25, 34, 48, 196, 256–257, 259–260
system of
9–12
“Kongzhong zhanzheng weilai ji” 空中戰爭未來記 (“The Future History of Air Warfare”) Xiao
34, 92–95, 97, 107, 111
Laozi 老子
171
Lei Guangyu 雷光宇
152
leyuan 樂園
27–28, 30, 58–59, 69, 165–166, 186, 194, 246, 260–263, see also Daoism
Liang Qichao 梁啟超
1–2, 4–5, 10–12, 14–17, 22–25, 31, 33–34, 37, 39–41, 44–45, 47–48, 58, 64–65, 68, 73–74, 89, 102, 118–119, 124, 150, 165, 167, 169, 172–173, 179, 191–195, 197, 225–226, 231–232, 235, 241, 251, 253, 257, 259
Buddhism
169, 173–175, 194–195
Chinese traditional bibliography
42, 257
cosmopolitanism
180–181, 184, 186, 189
The Future of New China
2, 4, 7, 9–10, 17–18, 23–25, 34–35, 37, 41, 55, 58–72, 74–76, 78, 80–81, 85, 87–89, 93–97, 102, 104–105, 107, 110–113, 119, 124, 165, 167–170, 172–173, 175, 177–180, 182, 185–187, 190–195, 235, 255, 257–259, 261
genre
5, 12, 17, 25, 34, 40, 58, 68, 165, 257
historiography
23–24, 35, 61–62, 65, 68, 102, 169–171, 173, 235
nationalism
178, 184, 187, 191, 195
New Fiction
1–2, 5, 7, 10–19, 23, 34–35, 37, 39–41, 47–50, 52–54, 56–58, 63–65, 71–80, 83, 89–90, 93, 111–113, 118–119, 127–128, 165–169, 173–176, 194, 231, 251, 253–255, 257, 259
political fiction
5, 16, 19, 47, 55, 58–60, 64, 76–77, 80–83, 89, 111, 124, 166, 176
on powers of fiction
53, 125
society of learning
35, 189–193, 195
Social Darwinism
70, 169, 172–175, 195
utopian spatiality
187, 194
on “The Youth of China”
134, 167
liberalism
177, 205
liberty
184, 203–205, 210
Li Genyuan 李根源
243
Liji liyun 禮記禮運 (The Conveyance of Rites in The Book of Rites)
28–29
Li Jingyi 李經義
139
Li Ruzhen 李汝珍
70, 165
literary
imagination
13, 263
modernity of China
8–10
modernization
6–7, 31
representations
2, 5–10, 31
Liu Fuji 劉復基
157
Liu Shipei 劉師培
201
“Lixian wansui” 立憲萬歲 (“Long Live the Establishment of the Constitution”), Wu
144
Lixiang xiaoshuo (idealistic fiction) 理想小說
23, 34, 36, 38, 76–77, 97–111, 126, 129, 211, 258
Lobscheid, William
168
Looking Backward, Bellamy
3, 7, 30, 167
love
concept of
55, 57
Liang Qichao’s definition of
56
Luanzhou, mutiny in
160
Lü Sheng 旅生
3, 221, 224, 235, 239
Lu Shi’e 陸士諤
24, 101, 105, 108
Lu Xixiong 陸錫熊
43–44
Lü Zhiyi 呂志伊
243
Ma Junwu 馬君武
200
Manchu invasion
161
“Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School” (yuanyang hudie pai 鴛鴦蝴蝶派)
162
marriage, abolition of
204
Ma Xulun 馬敘倫
200
May Fourth
fiction
7
literature
7
movement
6, 8
revolution
8
Meiji restoration
80
Mencius 孟子
70, 171, 210, 214
“Meng huitou” 猛回頭 (“A Sudden Look”)
32
“Mengxiang shijie” 夢想世界 (“A Dream World”), Bao Tianxiao
24
military
53–54, 107, 134, 213, 249
fiction
52–54, 77, 79, 129
“military spirit” (shangwu 尚武)
52–54
Liang Qichao on
53
Mill, John Stuart
177, 213
Ming Dynasty
43–44, 77, 121, 161
“Mingri zhi guafen” 明日之瓜分 (“Tomorrow’s Partition”)
133–134
modernity
1, 3–5, 7–14, 31, 36–37, 54, 106, 168, 171
morality
16, 37, 50–53, 73, 131, 147, 181–183, 186–189, 194, 203, 206, 208–211, 213, 215–218, 220, 245, 251
More, Thomas
23, 26–28, 178–179, 219, 262
narrators
6, 65–68, 73–74, 82, 84, 86–88, 93–94, 101–107, 133, 142, 161, 185, 214, 257, 259
national
community
188, 191, 208, 213, 225, 233, 253
consciousness
206, 233
imagination
221, 234, 253
“National Diet” (kokkei 國会)
60, 166
nationalism (see also cosmopolitanism)
25, 51, 178, 181, 184, 187, 195, 197–198, 206–208, 217–219, 221, 224–227, 233–234, 238, 241–243, 245, 247–248, 250
territorial
233, 247
nation-building
25, 184, 198–199, 224, 232
nationhood
142, 190–191
nation-state
51, 181, 184, 195, 206–207, 226, 232–233, 246–247
citizen and
52
native writings
47
“natural order” (dao 道)
29, see also morality
Neo-Confucianism
182–183, 195
New Fiction (xin xiaoshuo 新小說)
1–2, 4–5, 10–12, 14–16, 18–24, 33–39, 41–42, 47–49, 52–54, 56–58, 71–80, 98–100, 111–114, 117–121, 126–130, 162–163, 165–169, 252–254, 256–261, 263–264
and “the art of governing” 經世之筆
17
as category of Western knowledge
17
classification of
12, 14, 49, 76–80
defining
13–18
“Du xin xiaoshuo fa” 讀新小說法 (“Reading Methods of New Fiction”)
17, 22, 49, 255
emergence of
48–50
generic ability of
21, 252
generic classification of
12, 14, 49, 76–80
generic norms of
50–58
genre identity of
65
as knowledge apparatus
14, 19
for mass education
17
as new genre
12–13, 37
origination of
15
rise of
123–130
sub-genres of
17, 54, 58–59, 76, 79, 100, 111–112, 256, 258
utopian imagination
1, 4–5, 10–12, 24–25, 30, 34–35, 72, 74, 163, 165, 168, 254, 258
Western connections of
16
new generic system
34, 39–40, 49, 258
newspapers
7, 13–14, 18–21, 33, 45, 79, 84, 102, 114, 117, 120, 123–130, 141, 154–155, 157–158, 160, 162–163, 189, 201–202, 253, 258
The New Tale of Peach Blossom Spring (also as Overseas New China), Liang Qichao 新桃源（《海外新中國》）
81, 263
nihilism
78, 199–202
non-interference policy
246, 249
Orientalism
221
Origin of Species, Darwin
171
Oshikawa, Shunrō 押川春浪
91
overseas China
224, 231–233, 236, 241–242, 262–263
Overseas New China. See The New Tale of Peach Blossom Spring
particularism
14–15
Partition, of China
35, 84, 87–88, 95–96, 120, 125, 130–133, 137–138, 175, 191, 197, 208, 252
partition and revolutionary journals
130–134, 252
Peng Chufan 彭楚藩
157
people
17, 19, 24, 29, 30, 32–33, 37, 40, 45–46, 50–51, 55, 57, 61, 66, 72, 75, 79, 81–82, 84, 89, 101, 103, 107–109, 118–119, 123–125, 128, 131–135, 137–138, 140–143, 146–148, 152, 155, 157–162, 164, 169, 171–176, 178, 181–185, 187–188, 191–192, 198,
people (cont.)
201, 203–204, 206–210, 212, 214–217, 223, 225–226, 228–229, 231–233, 235, 238–245, 247–249, 251–255, 258, 263–264
Liang Qichao on concept of
51
“philosophical science fiction” (zheli kexue xiaoshuo 哲理科學小說)
90, 176
“philosophical writings” (zi 子)
34, 42–44, 47, 256–257
Plato
176, 178, 180
political fiction
5, 7, 14, 16, 19, 34, 40, 46–47, 55, 58–60, 64, 76–77, 80–89, 97, 99–100, 107, 111, 120, 124, 127, 166, 257
Liang Qichao on
82
Speare’s definition of
82
print culture
12, 14, 21
print media, modern
19, 252
“private fraternity” (siai 私愛)
181
“property is theft,” Proudhonian idea of
204
public debates
19, 35, 120, 154
public opinion
7, 13, 19–21, 35, 114, 117, 119–130, 132, 139, 151–152, 162–165, 252, 254, 263
public sphere
12–13, 18–21, 24–25, 35–36, 114–117, 119–120, 123–127, 129, 152, 154, 159, 162–163, 252–254, 261, 264
Puyi, Emperor 溥儀
158–159
Qing
court
13, 35, 88–89, 108–109, 116–121, 123, 130–132, 134–136, 138–143, 146, 148–149, 151–152, 154, 161, 163, 252, 255, 259
empire
75, 121, 135, 138, 151, 199, 226–227, 262
expansionism
227–228
government
40, 63, 88, 135–136, 140, 151, 153, 155, 157–158, 189, 201–202, 241, 244, 247
intellectuals
25, 36, 164, 222, 225, 228–232, 248–249, 263
literati
31, 39, 92, 154, 165
neutrality
138, 219
novels
7, 37
utopian fiction
2–4, 24, 64, 89, 154, 163, 167, 193, 221, 224
utopian novels
2, 64, 193
Qing dynasty
11, 18, 22, 41, 70, 91, 110, 121, 132, 160, 197, 202, 205, 213, 219, 252, 258–259
governance
159
sovereignty
247
Qing fiction
2, 5–7, 9–11, 37, 167, 258
modernity of
6
Qingtian zhai 情天債 (Love Debt) by Donghai Juewo 東海覺我
24
Qin Shihuang 秦始皇
81, 230
qun 群, concept of
187–191, 193–194, 260
revolution
33, 36, 55, 64, 66, 72, 81–82, 87, 124, 147, 154–157, 162, 197–198, 200–201, 210–212
revolutionaries
33, 84, 113, 147, 154–161, 197
Revolutionary Periodicals
120, 199–203
“Revolution in Fiction” (“Xiaoshuo jie geming” 小說界革命)
15–16, 19, 40, 45, 48
Riben shumu zhi 日本書目志 (A Record of a Bibliography of [Books in] Japan), Kang
15, 31, 46
Haggard, Henry Rider
97
romantic fiction
6, 37–38, 52, 55–57
Rulin waishi 儒林外史 (The Scholars)
39
Russian invasion
86–88, 135, 200, 202
Russo-German War
92–93
Russo-Japanese war
84–85, 87–88, 130, 135, 139, 197, 202, 219
Samurai
53
Sanguo yanyi 三國演義 (Romance of the Three Kingdoms)
31
Sa Zhenbing 薩鎮氷
155
science fiction
21–23, 34, 52, 54–55, 57, 76–79, 89–97, 104, 109–111, 167, 173, 195, 221, 251
“Dujue Hui” 獨腳會 (“The One-legged Society”)
21–22
scientific
discourse
22, 50, 54–55, 57–58, 109, 113, 156, 260
knowledge
54, 91–92, 99, 109, 111, 167, 189, 194, 257
language
54, 57, 75, 258
utopias
8–9
writing
23
self-cultivation
210, 246
self-evident utopia
68, 257
self-governance
88, 192, 243–246
settler
collectives
235–236, 248
colonialism
36, 221–224, 229–232, 234–236, 238–239, 241, 248–250
colonists
237, 248–249
colonialist policy
246
Shanghai international settlement
116–117
Shanhaijing 山海經 (Classics of Mountains and Seas)
23
Shaoxing Socialist Party 紹興社會黨 (Shaoxing shehuidang)
197, 211
Shenbao 申報 (Shanghai News)
20, 35, 117, 126–128, 146, 154–156, 158, 160–163
Shen Junru 沈鈞儒
152
Shennü zaishi qiyuan 神女再世奇緣
(Ayesha The Return of She)
23, 97–98
Shizi hou 獅子吼 (The Lion Roars) by ChenTianhua 陳天華
24, 32
Shōrai no Nihon 将来の日本 (The Future Japan), Tokutomi
167–168, 177
short stories
35, 136, 140, 153, 160, 162, 197, 202, 204, 208, 216, 219, 261
Shuihu zhuan 水滸傳 (Water Margin)
31, 64
Shunzhi, Emperor 順治
122, 142
“Shuo xiaoshuo” 說小說 (“On Fiction”)
78
Sichuan Uprising
159, see also revolution
Siku quanshu 四庫全書 (Complete Library of the Four Treasuries)
43
Sino-Japanese War
31, 44, 53, 62, 180, 189, 191
Sino-Russian agreement
131
Sino-Russian Secret Treaty of (1896)
138
social change
97, 159, 177
social Darwinism
70, 104–105, 109–111, 169, 172–175, 177–178, 195, 203, 214–218, 224, 235–236, 241, 248
and Buddhism
169–175
Liang Qichao and
172
socialism
125, 167, 175–176, 197–200, 209–210, 212–213, 215–219, 261
socialist cosmopolitanism
211–217
societies of learning
35, 189–193, 195, 261
spatiality
29–30, 35–36, 71, 73, 95, 165, 169, 182, 187, 193–194, 197, 257
Speare, Morris Edmond
59–60, 82, 124
speech act
34, 38–39, 59, 76, 82, 93
Spencer, Herbert
177, 218
state-society relations
115
statism
208, 213
Stevenson, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
25
storyteller
65, 71, 79, 93, 106
“struggle for survival”
63, 133, 171, 184, 194, 214, 224, 229, 236, 241
Subao 蘇報 (Jiangsu Daily)
130, 200–201
sub-genres
5, 14, 17–18, 34, 48–49, 52, 54, 57–58, 71, 74, 76–80, 89, 97, 100, 111–112, 211, 256, 258
Suehiro, Tetchō 末廣鐵腸
46–47, 80, 166
Suishu jingji zhi 隋書經籍志 (The Dynastic Bibliography of the Book of Sui)
43
Tan Sitong 譚嗣同
173
Taohuayuan ji 桃花源記 (Peach Blossom Spring)
29, 165, 186, 246
Tao Youzeng 陶佑曾
119, 126
Tao Yuanming 陶淵明
29, 165, 260
thematic analysis
70–73
Tian Xusheng 天許生
160
Tianya Fangcao 天涯芳草 (Wu Tao 吳檮)
153–154
Ti Yan 梯巖
229–231, 235
Tokai, Sanshi 東海散士
46, 80
Tokutomi, Sohō 德富蘇峰
167–168, 177–178
(trans)national imagination
221
transnationalism
24, 221, 241, 243
“tribes of people” (bumin 部民), Liang Qichao on concept of
51–52
“universal fraternity” (boai 博愛)
181–182, 186
universalism
14–15, 183
“Universal Principle” (gongli 公理)
63, 92, 109, 172, 182, 194
utopia, definition of
26, 30, 61, 65, 69, 75
etymology of
3
narratives
18, 23, 25, 58–59, 70, 104, 139, 169, 178, 195, 241, 253, 257–261, 263
uses “imagination”
24
origination from Sir Thomas More work
26
writing
1, 24, 68, 72, 74, 104, 113, 173–174, 176, 219
utopian cosmopolitanism
204, 216–217, see also cosmopolitanism; socialist cosmopolitanism
utopian fiction
1–4, 6, 13, 19–21, 24–25, 31, 35–36, 68, 73, 89, 97, 117, 119–121, 154, 163, 224, 250, 252–253, 255, 258, 260, 262
modernity of
3
as public opinion
120–121
utopian imagination
1, 2, 4–5, 10–13, 17–19, 23–26, 33–38, 41, 58–59, 61, 64, 71–72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 102–105, 110, 112, 114, 126, 138–139, 163, 165–169, 179, 194–199, 221, 224, 240, 243, 250, 252–261, 263–264
borderless
221
in new fiction
11, 13, 34–35, 38, 165, 169, 258, 260
of Wu
33
utopianism
1–2, 10, 64, 72, 178
Verne, Jules
90–91, 167
Vespucci, Amerigo
26
virtue
28–29, 33, 51, 53, 72, 147, 216
Volkhovsky, Feliks
205
Wang Dungen 王鈍根/Dun Gen 鈍根
154, 156–158
Wang Shouren 王守仁
183
Wanguo shiji 萬國史記 (History of The World)
45
Wang Xilian 王希廉
85
Wang Zhongqi 王鍾麒
126
Wang Zichen 王緇塵
197–199, 211–220, 260–261
advocacy of socialist institutions
218
condemnation of social Darwinism
214
cosmopolitanism
217
“Xincun” 新村 (“New Village”)
197, 199, 261
on “theory of the three bonds”
215
Weilai shijie 未來世界 (A Future World)
77
Wells, Herbert George
167
Wen bian 文變 (The Change of Wen)
205
Western
bibliography
45
civilization
3, 32
colonialism
224, 238–239, 248–249, 262
fiction
97, 166–167
inspired classification
44
Western culture
3, 7–8
literary writing in
48
Westernization
194, 221
Western knowledge
8, 11, 15, 17, 30–31, 41–42, 47, 49, 73, 116, 166, 205
“Western writings” (xi 西)
44–45, 48, 178
women
37–38, 78, 118–119, 135, 157–159, 174, 200, 209, equality of 205
Wuchang Uprising
35, 120, 154, 157–159, 197
Wu Jianren 吳趼人
1–3, 6, 23, 33, 70, 140, 142, 144–151, 187
Wuzhengfu zhuyi 無政府主義 Anarchism, Zhang Ji
200, 203
Wu Zhihui 吳稚暉
200
Xia Min 俠民 (Gong Ziying 龔子英)
34, 83–86, 88–89, 109
“Xianfa dagang” 憲法大綱 (“The Constitutional Outline”)
151
Xiaoshuo lin 小說林 (The Forest of Fiction)
19, 23, 77, 104, 127–130
manifesto of
128
Xiao 笑, Bao Tianxiao
34, 92–97
Xia Shao 俠少 (Lü Zhiyi 呂志伊)
243–245, 247
Xia Zengyou 夏曾佑
31, 40, 56
Xie Zuyuan 謝祖元
232
“Xincun” 新村 (“New Village”), Zhuchen
36, 197, 199, 211, 214–215, 219, 258, 261
Xin jiyuan 新紀元 (New Era), Biheguan Zhuren
38, 104–107, 109–111, 221
“Xinmin shuo” 新民說 “On Reforming the People”
50–52, 54, 57, 67, 72–73, 88
concept of
50, 52, 54, 67, 72, 75, 183
Liang Qichao on
52, 73
“Xinnian meng” 新年夢 (“A New Year’s Dream”), Cai Yuanpei
2, 219, 255, 261
Xin shitou ji 新石頭記, Wu Jianren (The New Story of the Stone)
3–4
Xinxin xiaoshuo 新新小說 (Ultra-New Fiction)
83, 99–100
Xin Zhongguo 新中國 (New China)
24, 101–105, 107–111, 167, 205
Xin Zhongguo weilai ji 新中國未來記 (The Future of New China), Liang Qicho
2, 4, 7, 9–10, 17–18, 23–25, 34–35, 37, 41, 55, 58–72, 74–76, 78, 80–82, 85, 87–89, 93–95, 97, 102, 104–105, 107, 110–113, 119, 124, 165, 167–170, 172–173, 175, 177–180, 182, 185–187, 190–195, 255, 257–259, 261
“Xin zhimindi Zhongnidao” 新殖民地仲尼嶋 (“A New Colony Named Confucius Island”), Haiwai Yeren
36, 221, 224, 243–245, 249–250
“Xin shixue” 新史學 (“New Historiography”)
169–171, 173
Xiong Fanyu 熊範輿
149, 152
Xiuxiang xiaoshuo 繡像小說 (Illustrated Fiction)
19, 47, 90, 127–128, 129–130
advertisement on
128–129
“Xueji” 學記 (“Record on the Subject of Education”)
187
Xu Fu 徐福
230, 235
Xu Nianci 徐念慈
24, 118
Xu Weize 徐維則
45
classification system
47
Yamada, Bimyō 山田美妙
46
Yan Fu 嚴復
16, 27, 31, 40, 56, 168, 171, 174, 189, 218
Yang Du 楊度
139, 152
Yang Hongsheng 楊洪勝
157
Yano, Ryukei 矢野竜溪
80–81, 175–176
Ye Min 野民
161–162
Yijing 易經
189
Yi Kuang 奕劻
143, 151
Yin Chang 蔭昌
155
Yishu jingyan lu 譯書經眼錄 (A Bibliography of theTranslated Books That I Have Seen)
47
Yixian (Sun Yat-sen 孫逸仙)
72–73, 132, 241
“Yiyin zhengzhi xiaoshuo xu” 譯印政治小說序 (“Preface to the Publication of Translations of Political Fiction”), Liang Qichao
16, 40, 124
Yongzheng Emperor 雍正
120, 122, 226
Youxue yi bian 遊學譯編 (Study Abroad and Translation Magazine)
35, 131–132, 134–135, 139
Yuan Shikai 袁世凱
135
Yueqiu zhimindi xiaoshuo 月球殖民地小說 (Tales of the Moon Colony)
3
Yueyue xiaoshuo 月月小說 (Monthly Fiction)
19, 33, 35, 77, 100, 126–130, 140, 142, 144, 146–147
founding of
33
Yunnan Journal 雲南
242–248
Yu Zhengxie 俞正燮
205
Zai Ze 載澤
143
Zengban dongxi xue shulu 增版東西學書錄 (The Updated Version of the Bibliography of Western and Eastern Books)
45, 47
Zengzi 曾子 (Zeng Shen 曾參)
188
Zhang Ji 張繼
200, 203
Zhangsun Wuji 長孫無忌
43
Zhang Taiyan 章太炎
200–201
Zhang Zhidong 張之洞
135
Zhao Shen 趙伸
243
Zheng Chenggong 鄭成功
230
Zhenxi fangtan 珍席放談 (A Political Conversation at a Feast)
44
zhimin (“colonization” 殖民)
36, 221, 225–227, 248
“Zhongguo shixulun” 中國史敘論 (“Chinese Historiography”)
61
Zhongguo wushidao 中國武士道 (Chinese Bushidō)
53
Zhongguo xingwang meng 中國興亡夢 (A Dream of China’s Rise and Fall)
34, 76, 83–89, 94–95, 99, 101, 104, 107, 111
Zhou Guisheng 周桂笙
23, 66, 97–100
Zhou Shoujuan 周瘦鵑
154
Zhuchen 煑塵 please see Wang Zichen
Zhuangzi 莊子
29
Zhuzi lüe 諸子略 (Philosophers’ Summaries)
43
“Ziyou tan” 自由談 (“Speaking Out”)
154, 162
Zuo Zongtang 左宗棠
227