Index
Agrarian production
56n, 89, 101, 102, 103, 289, 292, 301, 305, 339, 359, 376, 392, 393, 451, 498
Auction system
283, 283n, 288, 289, 290, 299, 300
Automotive industry
147–176, 206–213, 287n, 296, 310, 314, 324n, 360, 367, 397n, 424, 458
Authoritarian
9, 49, 53, 57, 59–61, 242, 244, 246, 249, 306n, 323, 328–330, 348, 349, 358, 381, 402, 439, 461, 465
Balance of payments
48, 77, 79, 279, 283, 310n, 314, 344, 354, 361, 371n, 401, 405, 418, 421, 435, 460
Bank of Korea
231, 443, 466, 467
Brazilian Communist Party
281, 284, 285, 288, 292, 358
Brazilian Labour Party
281, 282, 284, 286, 289, 290, 292, 293, 295, 315, 358
Big Push
12n, 60, 71, 194, 375, 380, 384, 409, 417
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique
419, 422, 426, 427n, 428–431, 450, 451, 453, 459
Central bank
46, 64, 79, 108–112, 311, 326n, 363, 364, 388n, 421n, 429, 441, 443, 466
Central Bank of Brazil
322, 326, 388n, 398, 420, 451, 452, 454
Chaebol
193, 244, 345, 380, 404, 407, 409, 412, 415, 416, 433, 436, 438, 441, 443, 446, 447, 462–464, 469, 471
Chun Doo-hwan
402–405, 408, 411, 412, 416, 433
China
33, 63, 145, 146, 172n, 173, 174, 220, 366, 437, 449, 452, 470
Commodities boom
46, 97, 218, 221, 280, 283, 384, 460
Congress
239, 249, 290, 291, 293, 315, 320, 328, 329, 354, 356–358, 386, 390, 400, 451, 453
Corporatism
244, 282
Corporatist
14–16, 242, 243, 245–248, 281, 311, 330
Cruzado Plan
391–393
Current account
77, 109, 110–112, 283, 326, 355n, 371, 373, 381, 397, 416, 417, 420, 429, 438, 441n, 447, 466
Debt crisis
1, 109, 350, 386, 387, 391
Delfim Netto, Antônio
321, 350, 362, 364, 385
Democratic Liberal Party
416, 433
Democratic Justice Party
403, 412, 416
Democratic Party
240, 304–306, 415n
Democratic populist
48, 246, 247, 316
Democracy
9, 16, 23, 46, 53, 295, 297, 305n, 315, 320, 328, 372, 403, 441, 461–465
Democratisation
356, 357, 361, 394, 418, 462
Developmentalist
45, 47, 50, 128, 129, 133, 155, 164, 277, 286, 288, 290, 321, 322, 355, 360, 363, 401, 453–456, 460, 473
Developmental state
2, 58, 60, 126, 179, 180, 331
Developmental populist
48, 53
Dictatorship
247, 248, 330, 347, 357, 419, 450, 473
Dictatorial
320, 347n, 371
Dynamic Random-Access memory
179, 180, 182, 193–196, 438
Economic Development Council
304, 308, 309
Economic Planning Board
304, 308, 371, 380, 435
Electronics-based automation
28, 29, 59, 120, 122, 241, 397n, 475, 477
Exchange-rate overvaluation
44, 47, 55, 76, 78, 88, 91n, 92, 97, 103, 111, 134, 135, 135n, 155, 162, 163, 183, 184, 188, 189n, 190, 199, 279, 291, 298, 299, 311, 316, 324, 331, 332n, 363, 421, 428, 431, 452, 453n, 454
Exchange-rate undervaluation
79, 97n, 176, 231, 416, 445, 466
Export-oriented industrialisation
5, 7, 10, 32, 57, 58, 226, 275, 311, 333, 338, 341n, 347, 382
Export processing zone
185, 190, 191, 243, 338, 370
Export taxes
49, 50, 77, 82, 88, 91, 91n, 97, 103, 316, 317, 317n, 324, 363, 421
Export subsidies
58, 158, 172n, 190, 222, 323n, 327, 351, 351n, 361, 388
External debt
62, 108, 110, 112, 114, 135n, 278, 318, 319, 363n, 364n, 371, 386, 387, 388, 390n, 393–395, 401, 407, 420, 435, 441, 442n, 451
Federation of Korean Trade Unions
242, 244, 468n
Five-year Economic Development Plan
166, 190, 304, 309, 310, 313, 332, 335, 338, 339, 344, 366, 367, 372, 382, 405
Flexible automation
150, 153
Fixed automation
118, 121n, 148, 149, 149n, 150, 150n, 153
Foreign-exchange reserves
110, 111, 344, 362, 363, 391, 420, 466
Foreign aid
55, 56, 64, 67, 107n, 108, 112, 114, 166, 217, 218, 275, 297, 300n, 301, 302, 303, 303n, 307
Foreign debt
112, 345, 398, 467
Foreign-exchange reserves
110, 111, 344, 362, 363, 391, 420, 466
Foreign direct investment
47n, 77, 155, 178n, 190, 225, 282, 282n, 283, 287, 296, 296n, 303, 303n, 319, 321, 323, 323n, 326, 331, 337, 338, 340, 370, 410, 424n, 430, 432, 432n, 445
Global economy
16, 52, 61, 63, 64, 115, 162, 169, 218, 220, 348, 354, 361, 362, 366, 381, 382, 385, 406, 414, 415, 418, 434, 449, 461, 463, 477, 479
Global production networks
31, 337, 340
Goulart, João
284, 285, 286n, 289–296, 315, 318, 327, 360, 390, 430, 450
Government Programme of Economic Action
315, 316, 318
Grand Conservative Coalition
415–416
Grand National Party
433, 462, 463, 465
Great Workers’ Struggle
402, 412, 413, 415
Heavy and chemical industries
59–62, 190, 345, 370, 377, 378, 379, 380–384, 405, 408–410, 412, 417
Heavy and Chemical industry Plan
138, 167, 192, 338, 366, 367–369, 371–373, 377, 379, 380–384
Heavy industry
1, 49, 71, 124, 136, 167, 194, 218, 340, 344, 367n, 378, 379, 383, 384, 412, 438
Heterodox
53, 389, 391, 393, 395, 400, 419
Hyundai
166, 167, 167n, 169, 169n, 170–175, 170n, 171n, 174n, 175n, 193–196, 205–206, 367n, 368, 376n, 378, 416, 463
Import-substituting industrialisation
1, 6–8, 10, 41, 45, 46, 50–57, 107n, 115, 129, 132, 133, 136, 154, 183, 188, 190, 199, 217–220, 246, 280, 283, 283n, 296, 297, 297n, 303, 307, 310, 311, 313, 314, 316, 330, 338, 340, 341n, 347, 352, 363, 382, 383, 401, 432, 450, 454
Industrial deepening
7, 52, 62, 64, 184, 189, 222, 228, 357, 379n, 380, 383, 418, 446, 458
Industrial exports
50, 62, 64, 220–222, 251, 323, 333, 334, 349, 351, 390, 392, 407, 414, 425, 436, 466
International Monetary Fund
289, 344, 344n, 363, 385–387, 386n, 402, 430, 441, 442, 449, 450, 451n
Japan
7, 33, 57, 125, 126, 128, 130–132, 138–144, 138n, 146, 149, 149n, 151, 153, 157, 158n, 165, 166, 168, 169, 171, 174–176, 179, 180, 183, 185, 188n, 191, 195, 204, 205–201, 222, 227, 229, 256–259, 262–264, 299, 306, 312, 336, 347n, 348, 354, 366, 375, 376, 376n, 406n, 414, 448, 469, 469n, 470
Kim Dae-jung
347n, 415n, 416, 441, 443, 446, 462, 463
Kim Young-sam
381, 382, 382n, 416, 433, 434, 438, 439, 441, 442, 444
Korean Central Intelligence Agency
308, 311, 315, 347n, 382, 402, 403, 416
Korean Confederation of Trade Unions
244, 413, 439, 439n, 440, 444, 468n
Korea Congress of Independent Industrial Trade Unions Federations
413, 439n
Korean Development Bank
301, 311
Kubitschek, Juscelino
155, 156, 286, 286n, 288, 289
Kwangju massacre
402, 403
Labour Code
246–249
Labour-management Committees
243–244
Labour market
179, 180n, 234–236, 238, 239, 243, 245, 249, 250, 280, 292, 306n, 311, 312, 317, 318, 318n, 342, 346n, 359, 370, 375, 381, 389, 405, 411, 414, 427, 427n, 428, 430, 436, 437, 439, 440, 442, 444, 444n, 445n, 459, 463, 467, 468, 478
Labour productivity
26n, 41, 42n, 62, 82–85, 85n, 104, 114, 125, 132, 133, 144, 149n, 151, 157, 161, 161n, 162n, 163n, 165, 165n, 167, 168n, 169, 172, 172n, 176, 189n, 195, 199, 206, 214, 222, 223–225, 230, 233–236, 292n, 293, 294, 302, 312, 317, 327, 375, 376, 376n, 401, 407, 423, 424, 426n, 431, 436, 455, 477, 481, 482
Land reform
12–15, 102, 292n, 293, 295
Late industrialisation
479
Late industrialisers
10
Late industrialising
146, 277
Law of Similarity
279, 331, 352, 363
Liberal Party
242, 302, 304–306
Light industry
5, 59, 348
Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio
360n, 396, 422, 430, 450–453, 451n, 452n, 454n, 456, 459
Machine automation
32, 121, 168
Machinery automation
119, 120, 380, 384, 410
Manual assembly
29, 32, 57, 61, 179, 190, 191, 234, 338, 348, 373, 374, 475
Marxist
17, 22, 22n, 32, 448, 453
Microelectronics industry
63n, 176, 179, 180, 182, 184–188, 193, 195, 197, 472n
Military government
15, 137, 166, 190, 242, 249, 302, 308, 311n, 315, 323, 324, 330, 348, 351, 356, 358, 363–365, 386, 390
Military regime
49, 57, 295, 315, 316, 318, 321, 330, 348, 356, 360n, 364, 385, 394, 411
Mining industry
90
Mining production
43, 89, 90, 93, 101n, 301, 483
Mining sector
101n, 453
Monetary base
284, 294, 317, 387n, 396, 466
Money supply
289, 364, 381, 393, 394, 421, 443
Multinational Companies
31, 43, 46–48, 47n, 50, 56, 154, 160, 164, 165, 167, 183, 194, 223, 224, 279, 282, 284–287, 295, 319, 324, 331, 337, 338, 357, 360, 425
Multiple exchange rates
79, 83n, 283n, 287, 298, 298n, 307, 312, 316
National Assembly
304, 306, 308, 342, 346, 347, 372, 381, 403, 404, 408, 415, 439, 440, 462
National Democratic Union
281, 285, 285n, 286n, 289–291, 320
National Development Plan
12, 130, 131, 184, 321, 328, 351, 352–358, 362, 362n, 365, 367, 384, 387, 389, 455
National Economic Development Bank
128, 130, 134, 134n, 135, 136, 155, 160, 162, 278, 286, 288, 301, 322, 352, 353, 356, 426, 426n, 455
Nationalisation
46, 160, 278, 285, 400
Nationalistic
53, 56, 59, 277, 282, 285, 295, 296
Nationalistic populist
46, 282, 283
Neoliberalism
34n, 62, 401, 432, 450
Neodevelopmentalism
450, 453
North Korea
137, 297, 308, 347, 367n, 383n, 403, 415, 463, 464
Numerical Control
118–120, 119n, 148, 149, 149n, 150, 150n, 153, 154
OECD
83, 229, 237, 380, 437, 438, 440, 463, 469
Oil shock
1, 50, 51, 130, 323, 350, 361, 365, 371, 377, 381, 383, 384
Original Equipment Manufacturing
171, 193, 194, 374
Orthodox
5, 7, 8, 11, 42, 193, 284, 285, 289, 289n, 304, 348, 350, 355, 361–364, 380, 386, 387, 389, 393, 395, 400, 408, 432, 442, 452
Park Chung-hee
308, 309, 311, 312, 329, 335, 336, 342, 343n, 344–347, 366, 369, 372, 379–382, 402–405, 416, 439, 441, 446, 465
Party of the Brazilian Social-democracy
419, 450, 453, 454
Party of the Brazilian Democratic Movement
390, 392, 396, 419
Petrobras
278, 285, 350, 458
Populist
16, 45, 46n, 49, 50, 282, 284n, 290, 292, 295, 296, 302, 351, 390, 430, 453, 454, 461
Populist alliance
46, 47, 56, 288
POSCO
132, 133, 135, 137–145, 138n, 139n, 146n, 147n, 167, 203, 204, 368, 375, 376, 378, 378n, 383, 408, 444
Post-democracy
461, 465
Poverty
328, 342, 354, 356, 387, 390, 394, 396, 427, 446, 458
Quadros, Jânio
289–291, 289n, 290n, 294, 320, 360, 396, 400
Real Plan
83n, 420, 427
Research and Development
152, 171–174, 182, 184, 192–194, 196, 229, 262, 263, 399, 409, 435, 438, 455, 456, 463, 464, 469, 469n, 471, 472
Reserves accumulation
64, 326n
Royalties
90, 453
Semiconductors industry
176, 176n, 180n
Social Democratic Party
281, 282, 286, 289, 291, 293, 315
Stabilisation Programme
313, 366, 381, 385, 386, 386n, 391, 395, 399, 402, 404, 408, 419, 420n, 438
State-owned enterprise
45–47, 50, 52, 55, 101n, 129, 136, 184, 204, 278–280, 282, 288, 317, 339, 352, 386–388, 389n, 392, 395, 396, 398, 412, 420–422, 421n, 424, 443
Steel industry
123, 124, 125n, 126n, 127–137, 142, 142n, 144–147, 149, 199, 203, 204, 338, 368, 375, 379
Subsidisation
10, 41, 43, 162, 302, 304, 314, 384
Syngman Rhee
16, 16n, 302, 304, 305–309, 402
Taft-Hartley Act
239, 240, 240n, 241
Targets Plan
154–156, 286–289, 322, 352
Trade opening
398, 409
Trade unions
8, 49, 59, 125, 147, 160, 191, 239, 240, 240n, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 280, 281, 284, 285, 290, 292, 295, 296, 302, 307, 311, 315, 330, 342, 345, 360, 360n, 389, 405, 412, 424, 426, 444, 448, 450, 451, 459, 462, 469
Triple Alliance
50, 320, 357
Unified Workers’ Central
389
United States
4, 4n, 15, 33, 41n, 47, 51n, 52n, 57, 72, 75, 85, 91n, 107, 121n, 124, 125, 131, 132, 137n, 141, 142, 146, 147, 149, 151, 152, 170, 171, 173, 175, 176, 177, 178, 183, 188n, 190, 194, 195, 208, 210, 214, 216, 222, 224, 225, 226, 226n, 228, 228n, 229, 232, 233, 234, 238, 239, 240, 245, 246, 249, 250, 255, 256–267, 270, 271, 277, 286, 287, 298, 310n, 336, 343, 347n, 355, 360, 366, 382, 394n, 406, 414, 426n, 428, 463, 464, 469n, 470
University students
305, 306n, 307, 372, 402, 403, 406
Vargas, Getulio
281–287, 285n, 291, 295, 360, 390
Vale
278, 422
Wagner Act
239, 240
World Bank
7, 8, 76, 77, 83n, 86, 137n, 143, 232n, 383, 404
Workers’ Party
389, 390n, 396, 422, 430, 450, 450n, 451, 451n, 453, 456–459
Yusin Constitution
332, 347, 371, 372, 381, 403