Indexes
Index of Verses to Vol. 2
This index covers the edition of the Arabic text of ʿUyūn al-anbāʾ and provides an alphabetic list of initial rhyme words of all poems, the metre and the number of verses for each poem, the poet, and the section numbers. Names of poets not mentioned by IAU but given in the English annotation are between square brackets. If no name is given in the index, the poet is unknown.
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11.9.2.5 |
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15.8.12 |
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15.46.3.5 |
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AII.3.2 |
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15.20 |
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10.51.3 |
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15.31.4 |
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15.37.3 |
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8.26.15 |
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14.54.15 |
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15.57.1 |
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10.64.19.9 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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15.11.2.2 |
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10.67.4.1 |
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15.8.6 |
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15.46.3.10 |
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13.63.8.2 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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7.10 |
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10.69.3.4 |
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10.81.5 |
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10.65.2 |
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15.8.9 |
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13.58.3.1 |
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10.68.2.4 |
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15.51.10.4 |
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15.31.5 |
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13.58.4.5 |
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10.64.19.5 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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15.11.2.2 |
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8.3.16 |
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10.51.5 |
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10.64.19.6 |
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10.5.4 |
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13.63.8.1 |
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AII.9 |
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15.8.12 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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10.1.10 |
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15.31.4 |
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10.80 |
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15.46.3.10 |
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10.67.4.4 |
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AII.14 |
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10.69.3.2 |
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14.54.13 |
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10.51.5 |
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13.58.4.7 |
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15.22 |
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15.37.4 |
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15.37.4 |
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15.46.3.4 |
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15.46.3.7 |
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15.8.11 |
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10.64.19.15 |
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15.32 |
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15.51.10.4 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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10.64.19.15 |
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13.58.4.8 |
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15.57.2 |
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15.8.8 |
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10.69.3.12 |
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11.13.7.2 |
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15.8.4 |
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11.9.2.3 |
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8.7 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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14.46 |
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AII.7 |
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13.68.2 |
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10.64.19.3 |
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13.63.8.1 |
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14.32.4 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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13.63.8.1 |
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11.13.7.7 |
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10.3.11 |
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10.51.6 |
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15.8.3 |
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4.4.4 |
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11.13.3.5 |
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10.69.3.5 |
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15.37.5 |
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10.69.3.7 |
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11.13.7.6 |
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11.13.7.6 |
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15.8.8 |
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11.13.7.7 |
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14.31.8 |
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14.31.8 |
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14.54.15 |
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10.68.2.6 |
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10.67.4.1 |
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11.19.6.2 |
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15.8.13 |
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11.9.2.4 |
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10.51.4 |
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10.64.17.3 |
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10.65.3 |
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10.69.3.13 |
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10.65.3 |
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11.13.7.7 |
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11.13.3.7 |
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15.11.2.3 |
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10.69.3.8 |
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15.58.3 |
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13.63.8.2 |
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15.47 |
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11.9.2.2 |
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15.8.13 |
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10.69.3.7 |
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15.8.12 |
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15.18.2 |
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10.81.5 |
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10.64.19.7 |
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10.67.4.4 |
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10.51.5 |
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10.65.3 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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11.13.7.7 |
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11.9.2.4 |
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AII.15 |
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13.58.4.3 |
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14.54.15 |
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13.58.4.5 |
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15.46.3.8 |
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15.8.13 |
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10.69.3.9 |
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10.69.3.4 |
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15.37 |
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10.64.19.9 |
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14.54.15 |
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15.51.10.2 |
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13.58.3.3 |
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11.19.6.2 |
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15.18.2 |
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8.29.15 |
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14.36.3 |
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10.64.17.3 |
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13.63.8.2 |
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15.58.7 |
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15.31.1 |
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11.13.3.6 |
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14.27.2 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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5.1.33 |
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15.46.3.3 |
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10.64.19.1 |
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15.46.3.5 |
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15.45.3 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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11.13.7.8 |
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10.64.19.8 |
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13.58.4.7 |
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13.61.3.2 |
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15.8.15 |
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10.63.3 |
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10.69.3.8 |
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15.51.10.2 |
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15.45.3 |
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7.5.5 |
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11.7 |
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10.62.3 |
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10.64.19.4 |
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10.68.2.3 |
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15.58.4 |
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8.29.1 |
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10.64.19.19 |
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15.37.3 |
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10.64.17.3 |
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15.49.6.2 |
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10.69.3.11 |
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15.47.2.1 |
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10.64.17.1 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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14.32.4 |
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10.67.4.3 |
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10.68.2.6 |
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15.58.4 |
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14.30 |
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10.64.19.2 |
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15.51.3 |
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15.11.2.3 |
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10.64.19.2 |
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10.64.19.2 |
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15.8.10 |
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11.13.7.9 |
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15.31.5 |
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15.46.2 |
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15.46.3.3 |
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15.11.2.3 |
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10.64.19.2 |
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10.67.4.1 |
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15.58.1 |
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10.68.2.3 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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15.58.7 |
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10.64.8 |
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15.56.1 |
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15.48 |
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15.47.2.1 |
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15.58.2 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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10.56 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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15.57.2 |
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10.68.2.6 |
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10.64.19.9 |
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10.64.19.6 |
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15.37.3 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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15.46.3.10 |
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14.27.3 |
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15.46.3.5 |
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13.58.4.4 |
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AII.4 |
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10.3.8 |
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13.61.3.2 |
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10.51.2 |
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AII.3.1 |
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10.51.4 |
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10.64.19.17 |
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13.58.4.1 |
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10.64 |
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14.36.3 |
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15.49.6.2 |
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15.49.6.1 |
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15.49 Add. |
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15.58.3 |
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10.83.6 |
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15.8.13 |
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AII.3.2 |
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15.31.5 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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15.8.8 |
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15.52.1.2 |
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AII.7 |
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10.64.19.3 |
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15.13 |
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10.69.3.7 |
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10.68.2.5 |
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AII.11 |
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10.69.3.12 |
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11.9.2.2 |
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10.68.2.1 |
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11.13.2.11 |
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13.58.4.8 |
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15.1.4 |
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15.1.4 |
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10.64.7 |
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11.13.7.6 |
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15.33 |
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10.69.3.8 |
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13.58.4.7 |
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10.69.3.2 |
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11.9.2.3 |
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14.51.3 |
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11.13.7.9 |
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10.67.4.3 |
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10.69.3.13 |
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15.58.4 |
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10.69 |
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15.18.2 |
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15.40.7 |
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7.5.4 |
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10.64.19.7 |
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14.36.3 |
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10.68.2.5 |
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15.46.3.6 |
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13.68.2 |
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10.62.3 |
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15.40.4 |
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13.58.4.8 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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13.58.4.9 |
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15.1.4 |
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13.24.3 |
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13.24.3 |
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14.32.4 |
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15.29 |
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11.9.2.3 |
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10.69.3.3 |
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10.64.19.7 |
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10.81.5 |
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15.46.3.1 |
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13.58.3.2 |
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15.58.2 |
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15.52.1.1 |
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10.67.4.1 |
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10.1.13 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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10.64.19.8 |
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11.7 |
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14.31.8 |
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10.68.2.6 |
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13.58.4.8 |
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13.61.3.2 |
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10.67.4.1 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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13.58.4.5 |
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15.8.9 |
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10.64.19.3 |
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15.46.3.3 |
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10.68.2.5 |
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10.68.2.7 |
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10.67.4.3 |
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10.51.4 |
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13.61.3.2 |
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15.50.6 |
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15.8.3 |
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15.8.8 |
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15.37.3 |
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15.46.3.7 |
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10.64.19.7 |
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10.64.19.7 |
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10.64.2 |
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10.64.19.6 |
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10.67.4.3 |
[ |
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10.69.3.6 |
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11.13.7.4 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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15.46.3.4 |
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AII.13 |
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14.54.16 |
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10.62.3 |
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10.62.3 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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10.64.19.14 |
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10.64.19.14 |
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14.30 |
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15.47.2.1 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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15.37.2 |
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15.50.5 |
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10.51.5 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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15.11.2.3 |
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8.30.4 |
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13.58.4.9 |
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15.1.4 |
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10.64.19.4 |
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AII.12 |
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10.64.11 |
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15.31.3 |
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10.68.2.3 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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10.64.19.7 |
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10.75 |
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11.13.7.1 |
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15.51.10.2 |
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13.63.8.2 |
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10.64.19.4 |
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10.69.3.5 |
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15.46.3.3 |
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11.9.2.4 |
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15.58.2 |
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15.51.10.3 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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15.46.3.9 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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10.64.17.2 |
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10.64.19.13 |
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10.64.19.5 |
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10.64.11 |
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15.31.5 |
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AII.2.1 |
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10.68.2.5 |
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10.64.19.1 |
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10.65.3 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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10.69.3.8 |
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10.69.3.10 |
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15.18.1.4 |
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11.19.3 |
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11.19.3 |
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10.64.19.13 |
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10.64.19.5 |
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10.64.19.6 |
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15.46.3.5 |
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10.51.4 |
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15.58.5 |
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15.51.10.4 |
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10.51.4 |
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10.69.3.3 |
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11.9.2.2 |
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14.55.2 |
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14.55.2 |
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7.2.3 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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15.8.9 |
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13.58.4.2 |
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15.46.3.4 |
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15.1.4, AII.11 |
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15.46.3.3 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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15.46.3.4 |
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10.64.19.19 |
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15.54 |
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10.69.3.10 |
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15.13 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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15.58.3 |
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13.24.3 |
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10.69.3.13 |
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15.46.3.9 |
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15.58.7 |
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10.67.4.4. |
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15.58.7 |
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13.58.4.7 |
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11.13.7.8 |
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13.58.4.5 |
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15.8.12 |
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10.68.2.4 |
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15.58.7 |
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15.58.7 |
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15.58.2 |
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15.50.6 |
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15.46.3.8 |
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11.9.2.2 |
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15.51.10.1 |
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15.52.1.2 |
[ |
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10.64.19.5 |
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11.9.2.5 |
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13.58.3.1 |
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14.56.3 |
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11.9.1 |
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13.58.4.8 |
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15.8.1 |
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15.37.5 |
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15.46.3.7 |
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15.58.1 |
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11.13.7.7 |
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15.46.3.10 |
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10.64.19.16 |
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11.13.7.5 |
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AII.10 |
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8.3.23 |
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15.58.3 |
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15.58.1 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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11.19.6.2 |
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15.51.1.1 |
[ |
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8.3.18 |
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11.9.1 |
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15.25 |
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15.58.2 |
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10.69.3.4 |
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8.3.23 |
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11.13.7.7 |
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11.16 |
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14.48.3 |
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15.21 |
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15.49 Add.] |
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[ |
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10.64.19.1 |
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14.27.3 |
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15.31.2 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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11.19.6.2 |
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15.43.3 |
[ |
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10.69.3.5 |
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11.16 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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15.51.10.4 |
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15.58.6 |
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15.58.4 |
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15.8.5 |
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15.8.14 |
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15.46.3.10 |
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15.17 |
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14.27.3 |
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15.46.2 |
[ |
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15.48 |
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13.58.4.9 |
[ |
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15.8.11 |
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15.51.10.3 |
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10.64.19.5 |
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11.19.3 |
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15.59] |
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[ |
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15.4 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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10.64.19.3 |
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13.58.4.8 |
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15.58.5 |
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15.46.2 |
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14.27.2 |
[ |
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7.5.6 |
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10.68.1.4 |
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15.58.4 |
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11.5.24 |
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15.31.3 |
[ |
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11.9.2.1 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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15.11.2.2 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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11.13.7.8 |
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13.58.4.5 |
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10.64.19.10 |
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10.83.6 |
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11.9.2.1 |
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8.30.5 |
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8.30.5 |
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10.68.2.2 |
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15.46.3.7 |
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10.69.3.11 |
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15.40.8 |
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10.64.19.15 |
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15.25 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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10.38.3 |
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15.8.1 |
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15.8.14 |
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13.58.4.9 |
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13.63.8.2 |
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13.58.4.6 |
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11.13.7.8 |
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15.37.5 |
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10.69.3.9 |
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13.3.3 |
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10.65.3 |
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15.8.12 |
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11.9.2.3 |
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13.58.4.9 |
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7.1.6 |
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14.47.1 |
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10.68.2.4 |
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11.13.7.3 |
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7.6 |
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10.67.4.3 |
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AII.2.4 |
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15.50.4 |
[ |
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15.40.4 |
[ |
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14.39.3 |
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14.32.4 |
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10.69.3.2 |
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15.46.3 |
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15.58.5 |
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10.64.19.8 |
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15.8.2 |
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15.10 |
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15.46.3.2 |
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15.58.1 |
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15.11.2.1 |
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AII.8.1 |
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10.65.3 |
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10.62.3 |
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10.69.3.3 |
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15.31.4 |
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11.13.7.8 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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10.69.3.6 |
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10.69.3.9 |
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11.9.2.5 |
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15.8.9 |
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15.46.3.6 |
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15.51.10.2 |
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10.67.4 |
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10.69.3.1 |
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10.67.4.3 |
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10.64.19.6 |
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15.56.1 |
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10.74 |
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15.21 |
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7.5.6 |
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10.74 |
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14.43.2 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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10.51.5 |
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13.58.3.2 |
[ |
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10.68.2.6 |
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15.51.10.1 |
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15.52.1.2 |
[ |
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15.18.2 |
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13.58.4.9 |
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7.1.6 |
[ |
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11.13.7.8 |
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10.67.4.3 |
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11.9.2.2 |
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15.31.5 |
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15.58.1 |
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15.52.1.1 |
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15.51.10.2 |
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10.64.19.9 |
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10.64.19.18 |
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10.64.19.18 |
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|
AII.1 |
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[ |
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15.8.15 |
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15.49.6.2 |
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15.25 |
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|
11.9.2.1 |
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10.51.5 |
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15.10 |
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15.46.3.8 |
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10.65.3 |
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|
10.64.19.12 |
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15.37.3 |
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15.47.2.1 |
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15.47.2.1 |
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15.51.10.1 |
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10.64.19.8 |
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8.19.3 |
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10.67.4.2 |
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10.69.3.7 |
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10.67.4.2 |
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|
15.13 |
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15.57.2 |
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11.9.2.3 |
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15.8.7 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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10.64.19.6 |
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|
10.64.19.19 |
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|
13.63.8.2 |
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15.57.2 |
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10.64.19.11 |
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15.47.2.2 |
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15.22 |
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13.58.4.7 |
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15.46.3.8 |
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10.69.3.5 |
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10.22.3 |
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11.7 |
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Index of Qur’anic Quotations and Allusions to Vols. 2 and 3
Non-literal quotations and allusions are marked with an asterisk; (p) refers to allusions and quotations in poetry. For some longer poems a line number is given in addition.
The index covers the edition, translation, and annotation of the ʿUyūn but not the essays and material in the first volume of A Literary History of Medicine. The numbers provided in the entries refer first to the chapter number, then the biography number, and then, when relevant, to numbered subsections and sub-subsections within that biography. The numerical references apply to both the edited Arabic text and the annotated English translation.
*al-Fātiḥah 1:6
10.74 (l. 17)
*al-Baqarah 2:31
10.51.2 (l. 27)
al-Baqarah 2:34
10.51.2 (l. 24)
*al-Baqarah 2:102
15.56.1 (l. 2)
al-Baqarah 2:117
AII.1
al-Baqarah 2:156
12.6; 15.40.8
al-Baqarah 2:186
11.19.6.1
al-Baqarah 2:237
10.4.8
*al-Baqarah 2:255
15.46.3.1 (l. 8)
al-Baqarah 2:257
11.13.6
Āl ʿImrān 3:14
AII.8.2
*Āl ʿImrān 3:103, 112
15.11.2.1 (l. 78)
Āl ʿImrān 3:173
11.13.6
*al-Nisāʾ 4:117
11.13.7.2 (l. 3)
*al-Nisāʾ 4:125
15.31.2 (p)
*al-Nisāʾ 4:164
15.46.3.6 (p)
al-Aʿrāf 7:43
15.40.3
*al-Aʿrāf 7:148
10.51.2 (l. 29)
*al-Aʿrāf 7:172
10.51.2 (l. 31); 11.13.7.7 (p)
al-Aʿrāf 7:185
14.25.1; 14.25.2
Hūd 11:81
13.58.4.9 (p)
*Yūsuf 12:20
15.46.3.1 (l. 12)
*Yūsuf 12:44
10.69.3.11 (p)
Yūsuf 12:53
AII.8.2
al-Raʿd 13:30
15.40.3
* Ibrāhīm 14:41
10.51.2 (l. 39)
*al-Ḥijr 15:18
11.13.7.2 (p); 15.56.1 (p)
al-Ḥijr 15:65
13.58.4.9 (p)
al-Naḥl 16:128
11.19.6.1
*al-Isrāʾ 17:24
15.18.2 (l. 7)
al-Isrāʾ 17:44
15.1.4
*al-Isrāʾ 17:97
15.46.3.1 (l. 16)
*Ṭā-Hā 20:9–12
15.46.3.6 (p)
*Tā-Hā 20:21
10.51.2 (l. 30)
*Tā-Hā 20:53
10.51.2 (l. 48)
*Ṭā-Hā 20:85, 87, 95
15.48 (p)
*Ṭā-Hā 20:88
10.51.2 (l. 29)
*al-Ḥajj 22:2
10.51.2 (l. 40)
*al-Ḥajj 22:3
11.13.7.2 (l. 3)
*al-Ḥajj 22:61
10.69.3.12 (p)
*al-Muʾminīn 23:115
11.19.6.2 (p); 15.46.3.4 (p)
al-Nūr 24:22
10.4.8
*al-Nūr 24:24
11.13.7.7 (p)
al-Nūr 24:35
1.7
*al-Nūr 24:35
10.69.3.2 (p)
al-Nūr 24:40
15.40.9 no. 5
al-Shuʿarāʾ 26:89
14.25.7 no. 6
*al-Shuʿarāʾ 26:90
10.64.19.11 (p); 10.64.19.19 (p)
*al-Shuʿarāʾ 26:225
15.11.2.1 (l. 72)
*al-Naml 27:7
15.46.3.6 (p)
al-Naml 27:62
11.19.6.1
Fāṭir 35:10
11.13.6
*al-Ṣāffāt 37:10
11.13.7.2 (l. 3)
*Ṣād 38:20
15.20 (l. 16)
*Ṣād 38:69
15.18.2 (p)
al-Zumar 39:73
15.40.3
*Fuṣṣilat 41:10
14.31.8 (p)
*Fuṣṣilat 41:11
10.51.2 (l. 47)
*Fuṣṣilat 41:12
10.51.2 (l. 48)
*al-Zukhruf 43:10
10.51.2 (l. 48)
*Qāf 50:31
10.64.19.11 (p)
al-Ṭūr 52:15
11.9.1
al-Najm 53:15
13.58.4.9 (p)
*al-Raḥmān 55:15
10.69.3.13 (p)
*al-Ḥadīd 57:3
15.46.3.1 (l. 8)
*al-Mulk 67:3
10.69.3.2 (p)
*al-Mulk 67:5
11.13.7.2 (l. 3)
*al-Ḥāqqah 69:23
10.64.19.19 (p)
*al-Jinn 72:8–9
15.56.1 (p)
*al-Muzzammil 73:14
10.51.2 (l. 42)
*al-Qiyāmah 75:8
10.51.2 (l. 41)
al-Qiyāmah 75:11
10.64.19.2 (p)
al-Qiyāmah 75:27
15.46.3.9 (l. 13)
*al-Qiyāmah 75:29
15.46.3.9 (l. 8)
al-Insān 76:10
14.31.8 (l. 6)
al-Mursalāt 77:29
AII.2.3
al-Nabaʾ 78:1–3
10.74 (l. 14)
*al-Nāziʿāt 79:11
15:57.2 (p)
*al-Nāziʿāt 79:20
15.56.1 (p)
*al-Nāziʿāt 79:30
10.51.2 (l. 48)
*al-Takwīr 81:1
10.51.2 (l. 38)
*al-Takwīr 81:2
10.51.2 (l. 46)
*al-Takwīr 81:3
10.51.2 (l. 42)
*al-Takwīr 81:4
10.51.2 (l. 40)
*al-Takwīr 81:6
10.51.2 (l. 42)
*al-Takwīr 81:13
10.64.19.11 (p)
al-Takwīr 81:16
15.1.4 (p)
*al-Infiṭār 82:1
10.51.2 (l. 39)
*al-Fajr 89:3
15.8.10 (p)
*al-Kawthar 108:1
15.8.10 (p)
al-Ikhlāṣ 112:1–4
15.1.4
Index of Personal Names to Vols. 2 and 3
The Arabic article (a)l-, in all positions, is ignored for the alphabetical order. The numbers provided in the entries refer first to the chapter number, then the biography number, and then, when relevant, to numbered subsections and sub-subsections within that biography. The numerical references apply to both the edited Arabic text and the annotated English translation. A bold number refers to an entry entirely devoted to the person named. After a number, n refers to a footnote, ‘no.’ refers to listed titles or sayings, and (p) refers to names mentioned in poems. Arabic names are often complex and Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿah regularly uses different parts of names to refer to the same person. Many cross-references in this index will help to some extent, but they are by no means exhaustive.
The index covers the edition, translation, and annotation of the ʿUyūn but not the essays and material in the first volume of A Literary History of Medicine.
al-Abaḥḥ see al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭūsī al-Tamīmī
Abba Christodulos see Christodulos
ʿAbbād ibn ʿAbbās, unidentified physician, addressee of Ibn Mandawayh al-Iṣfahānī
11.16.1.2.7
al-ʿAbbās, unidentified agent of Ibrāhīm ibn al-Aghlab
13.1.1 no. 9
al-ʿAbbās (ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib) – uncle of Muḥammad, ancestor of the Abbasids (d. ca. 32/653)
10.68.2.1(p)
al-ʿAbbās ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Mahdī (Abū Quraysh), grandson of al-Mahdī, nephew of Mūsā al-Hādī and Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.8.2
al-ʿAbbās ibn al-Maʾmūn, household of al-Muʿtaṣim (ca. 221/836)
8.20.5
al-ʿAbbās ibn Muḥammad, brother of al-Manṣūr
8.3.18
al-ʿAbbās ibn Saʿīd al-Jawharī see al-Jawharī, al-ʿAbbās ibn Saʿīd
al-ʿAbbāsah bint al-Mahdī ibn Abī Jaʿfar al-Manṣūr, 2nd/8th-c. daughter of al-Mahdī, sister of Hārūn al-Rashīd, wife of Khālid ibn Barmak and Ibrāhīm ibn Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī
8.3.22; 12.6
ʿAbd Allāh, advisor to al-Muntaṣir
8.4.3
ʿAbd Allāh I, seventh emir of Cordova
13.15
ʿAbd Allāh (? = ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khāqān), vizier of al-Mutawakkil
8.4.3n; 8.12
ʿAbd Allāh, shaykh of Mālik clan, of Banū Hāshim (ca. 169–170/785–786)
8.10.3
ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṭayfūrī, Christian physician to al-Hādī
8.2; 8.10
ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās (commonly Ibn ʿAbbās), 1st/7th-c. Qurʾanic exegete, eponymous ancestor of the Abbasid caliphs
1.5; 7.5.6
ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī, unidentified Persian-to-Arabic translator
12.2 no. 1
ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī, uncle of caliphs al-Saffāḥ and al-Manṣūr
7.6n; 8.18.2
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aslam
10.3.6
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Badr, Cordovan vizier
13.17
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Bībī, host of Ibn Sīnā at Isfahan
11.13.3.9
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Isḥāq, 3rd/9th-c. patron of translators
9.48
ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mubārak, transmitter
10.2.2.2
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Dāwūd, unidentified Abbasid (d. 199/815)
8.18.3
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Umawī, emir of al-Andalus
13.20
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mūsā, son of al-Hādī
8.10.3
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Nāʾilī (or Ibn al-Tātalī or Ibn al-Bābilī), specialist in alchemy and numerology, member of the Almoravid dynasty
15.40.3
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rajāʾ ibn Yaʿqūb, unidentified transmitter
15.3.1.6
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṭāhir, governor of Khorasan
7.7.2; 9.7n; 8.26.20 no. 22; 8.29.22n
ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ṭayyib see Ibn al-Ṭayyib
ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Zubayr, prominent opponent of the Umayyad caliphs
7.5.3n
ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī bi-Allāh, founder of the Fatimid caliphate
13.2.1; 13.2.2.1
ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Maslamah al-Bājī, Andalusian physician
13.78; 13.87
ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Abī Sālim, transmitter
10.2.2.2
ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd al-Kātib (ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd ibn Yaḥyā ibn Saʿd, d. 132/750), secretary to Marwān II
15.31.1
ʿAbd al-Karīm, unidentified subject of a riddle epigram
15.8.10
ʿAbd al-Laṭīf ibn Yūsuf al-Baghdādī, philosopher and physician, also known as Ibn al-Labbād (557–629/1162–1231)
10.64.3; 10.66.4; 11.21; 14.22.5.2 no. 68n; 14.33.3n.; 15.18.1.1n; 15.31.6 no. 16; 15.37.1; 15.40; 15.45.1; 15.51.1.2
ʿAbd al-Malik al-Bājī, father of Abū Marwān al-Bājī
13.63.2
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abjar al-Kinānī, physician of ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (reg. 99–101/717–720)
7.1.5; 7.3; 7.4
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān, fifth Umayyad caliph (reg. 65–86/685–705)
7.6; 8.13.2
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn ʿUmayr, unidentified
7.1.5; 7.1.6
ʿAbd al-Masīḥ ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥimṣī al-Nāʿimī see Ibn Nāʿimah
ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, Almohad ruler (d. 558/1163)
13.62.1; 13.62.2.1; 13.62.4 no. 2; 13.63.3; 15.40.3
ʿAbd al-Muʾmin ibn ʿAbd al-Munʿim, Damascene physician, served Ayyubid ruler al-Malik al-Ashraf
15.11.2
ʿAbd al-Munʿim ibn ʿAbd al-Munʿim, son of al-Jilyānī, oculist
15.11.2
ʿAbd al-Munʿim ibn ʿUmar see al-Jilyānī
ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Baghdādī, man of letters and lexicographer
7.5.4n; 7.5.5n
ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī see al-Qāḍī al-Fāḍil
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ashʿath, leader of a revolt against the Umayyad governor, al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf
7.9.4n
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Isḥāq ibn al-Haytham, Andalusian physician
13.35; 13.36.2.3
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Khālid ibn al-Walīd, son of commander Khālid ibn al-Walīd
7.5.2; 7.5.3; 7.5.5
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III al-Nāṣir, Umayyad ruler of al-Andalus (d. 350/961)
13.15; 13.16; 13.19.1; 13.21.1; 13.21.2.2; 13.22; 13.23; 13.25; 13.26; 13.27.1; 13.28; 13.32; 13.33; 13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.2; 13.36.2.3; 13.49
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khāqān (d. 262/875–876), brother of the vizier ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khāqān
AII.2.3
ʿAbd al-Razzāq ibn Aḥmad al-ʿĀmirī see al-Badīʿ ʿAbd al-Razzāq
ʿAbd al-Ṣamad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās, brother of ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās
7.6
ʿAbd al-Wadūd al-Ṭabīb, transmitter
10.66.3
ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn ʿAlī, courtier of al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20.5
ʿAbd al-Wahhāb al-Thaqafī, grandfather of Abū Mayyah
8.19.3n
ʿAbd Yashūʿ ibn Bahrīr, translator associate of Jibrīl ibn Bukhtīshūʿ
9.35
ʿAbd Yashūʿ ibn Naṣr, physician of al-Hādī
8.2
ʿAbd Yashūʿ al-Jāthalīq, catholicos at Baghdad (ca. 360/970)
10.8
ʿAbdān, student of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
al-ʿAbdī, Humām al-Dīn see Humām al-Dīn al-ʿAbdī
ʿAbdishoʿ bar Bahrīz (ʿAbdīshūʿ ibn Bahrīz), metropolitan and translator
9.35
ʿAbdūn ibn Makhlad, brother of Ṣāʿid
10.10.3n
ʿAbdūs the Physician
10.12
ʿAbdūs ibn Zayd physician
8.14; 8.29.10n
al-Ābī, Abū Saʿd (or Saʿīd) Manṣūr ibn al-Ḥusayn, man of letters and vizier
8.20.6n; 10.8.10
ʿAbīd ibn al-Abraṣ, pre-Islamic poet
15.45.3(p)
al-Abīwardī, poet (d. 507/1113)
10.64.19.8n
Abraham see Ibrāhīm
al-Abrash see Ayyūb, known as al-Abrash
Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Thawābah see Ibn Thawābah
Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Zayd see Thaʿlab
Abū l-ʿAbbās ibn al-Rashīd, ?son of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.25.7
Abū l-ʿAbbās ibn al-Rūmiyyah see Ibn al-Rūmiyyah
Abū l-ʿAbbās ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī, 3rd/9th-c. polymath
4.1.9.1n; 8.3.15n; 8.3.16n
Abū l-ʿAbbās ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq al-Kindī, son of al-Kindī
10.1.12; 10.1.14 no. 223
Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Jayyānī, physician
15.45.1
Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Kanbanārī, Aḥmad ibn Abī ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad, Andalusian physician
13.87
Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Khaṣībī, secretary and then vizier of al-Muntaṣir
8.4.3
Abū l-ʿAbbās Maʾmūn ibn Muḥammad see Khwārazmshāh Abū l-ʿAbbās Maʾmūn
Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Nabātī, herbalist
15.45.1n
Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Qarrābī, Almohad poet
13.66.3
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad ibn Zakariyyā al-Dāʿī, missionary for the Fatimid Mahdī
13.2.2.2
Abū ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥamdūn, man of letters
7.5.6n; 7.6n; 8.4.7n
Abū ʿAbd Allāh ibn Hūd al-Judhāmī al-Mutawakkil (d. 635/1237–1238), ruler of Murcia
13.81.2; 13.81.2n; 13.87; 13.87n
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusaynī al-Qāḍī al-Sharīf, Almohad qadi
13.64.2.1
Abū ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Kattānī
13.29
Abū ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yazīd, Andalusian physician and poet
13.69
Abū ʿAbd Allāh ʿĪsā ibn Hibat Allāh ibn al-Naqqāsh, father of Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn al-Naqqāsh
15.13
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Maghribī, unidentified contemporary of IAU
13.88.2
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Malik al-Thaqafī Andalusian physician
13.32
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, brother of the qadi Abū Marwān al-Bājī
13.65
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad, grandson of ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ḥafīd Abū Bakr ibn Zuhr
13.63.8.2
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad, son of Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Dānī
13.71
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Abī ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn Abī Yūsuf Ḥajjāj al-Khaṭīb, Almohad qadi
13.63.2.1
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Dāwūd ibn al-Jarrāḥ, secretary of several Abbāsid caliphs (d. 296/908)
8.4.12
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad al-Kātib al-Baghdādī Ibn al-Karīm see Shams al-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Mahrī al-Uṣūlī, qadi in Bougie
13.636.3
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Masʿūd al-Bajjānī, poet who lived in Cordova (d. ca. 400/1009–1010)
13.29.2
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Nūr al-Dawlah Abū Shujāʿ al-Āmirī al-Maʾmūn, Fatimid vizier
13.51.1; 13.51.4 no. 1
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Wāthiq see al-Muhtadī bi-Allāh Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Mālaqī (of Malaga), unidentified copyist
14.25.4
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad Ibrāhīm, Andalusī judge and grammarian
13.29.2
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Nadrūmī, Muḥammad ibn Ṣaḥnūn, Andalusian physician
13.81
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Nātilī, tutor to Ibn Sīnā
11.13.2; 11.13.3; 11.13.4; 11.13.5
Abū ʿAbd Allāh Nuʿaym ibn Ḥammād ibn Muʿāwiyah al-Khuzāʿī al-Marwazī, 3rd/10th-c. Hadith scholar
7.3n
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣiqillī
13.36.2.3
Abū Aḥmad Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fārisī, patron of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.8. no. 9
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ ibn Abī Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Ḥassān, Andalusian physician
13.75
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ ibn Nazīk
10.38.4
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ al-Maʿarrī see al-Maʿarrī
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Maḥfūẓ ibn al-Masīḥī (or al-Musabbiḥī?), physician
10.71
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Muḥammad, physician and son of Abū Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥafīd Abī Bakr ibn Zuhr
13.64.2.2
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Ṣāʿid ibn al-Ḥasan, physician in al-Raḥbah (d, 464/1072)
10.53
Abū l-ʿAlāʾ ibn Zuhr see Ibn Zuhr, Abū l-ʿAlāʾ
Abū ʿAlī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāʾūd ibn al-Jarrāḥ (active 325/936), vizier of al-Rāḍī and al-Muttaqī
10.5.3
Abū ʿAlī al-Fārandī al-Ṭūsī, transmitter
15.51.7
Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad ibn Abān (Abū ʿAlī al-Fārisī), grammarian (d. 377/987)
15.40.2
Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm al-Juwaynī al-Kātib see al-Juwaynī
Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn Bishr al-Ramlī, poet
10.64.19.7n
Abū ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, governor (ṣāḥib) of Seville
13.80.1
Abū ʿAlī ibn Bunān ibn al-Ḥārith, mawlā of al-Muqtadir
10.44.5 no. 61
Abū ʿAlī ibn Makanjā, Christian scribe
10.8.10
Abū ʿAlī ibn Mawṣilāyā, secretary of Abū l-Qāsim al-Maghribī
10.13.3; 10.38.4
Abū ʿAlī ibn al-Samḥ, Christian Aristotelian
10.38.4
Abū ʿAlī ʿĪsā ibn Isḥāq ibn Zurʿah see ibn Zurʿah
Abū ʿAlī al-Jubbāʾī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb (d. 303/915), Muʿtazilite from Basra
14.22.4.3n; 14.22.5.1 no. 8
Abū ʿAlī al-Manṣūr ibn Abī l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mustaʿlī bi-Allāh ibn al-Mustanṣir see al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām Allāh
Abū ʿAlī al-Muhandis al-Miṣrī (active 550/1155), author of an epigram attributed to al-Badīʿ al-Asṭurlābī
10.67.4.3n
Abū ʿAlī al-Nīsābūrī, contemporary of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.8 no. 62
Abū ʿAlī al-Qiyānī, unidentified historian
8.4.12; 8.14; 8.20.12; 8.29.10
Abū ʿĀmir ibn Yannaq al-Shāṭibī, Andalusī poet and historian
13.61.3.1
Abū ʿAmr al-Aʿjamī, courtier of Hārūn al-Rashīd
12.5
Abū ʿAmr al-Zajjājī, transmitter
15.51.7
Abū l-ʿArab Yūsuf ibn Muḥammad, Andalusian physician
13.37
Abū l-Aṣbagh ʿĪsā ibn Aḥmad al-Rāzī (d. 379/989), Andalusī historian and secretary of al-Ḥakam II
13.18
Abū l-Aṣbagh ʿĪsā Ibn Ḥayyawayh, contemporary of Ibn Juljul
13.17
Abū l-ʿAshāʾir, perhaps Abū l-ʿAshīr (Jaysh) ibn Khumārawayh, grandson of Ibn Ṭūlūn
14.44
Abū l-ʿAskar al-Ḥusayn ibn Maʿdān, ruler of Makrān (Mukrān)
14.25.9 no. 42
Abū l-ʿAtāhiyah, poet (d. 211/826)
8.3.19n; 11.13 n.; 15.52.1.1n; AII.9
Abū ʿAwānah, al-Waḍḍāḥ, muḥaddith (d. 170/786 or 176/792)
7.1.5
Abū l-ʿAynāʾ al-Miṣrī, teacher of Abū l-ʿAlāʾ ibn Zuhr
13.61.3.1
Abū Ayyūb Muḥammad ibn al-Rashīd, a son of the caliph Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.26.11n
Abū Bakr, the first caliph after Muḥammad’s death
7.1.5
Abū Bakr, the son of al-Qāḍī Abū l-Ḥasan al-Zuhrī, Andalusian physician
13.62.3; 13.80
Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī al-Rāzī, jurist
11.5.12
Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn Jābir, Andalusian physician
13.31
Abū Bakr ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥasan al-Quhistānī, poet (ca. 435/1043), ?author of lines ascribed to Ibn Sīnā
11.13
Abū Bakr al-Barqī, contemporary of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.2.10; 11.13.8 nos. 3, 4
Abū Bakr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Hishām, prominent jurist and traditionist
7.5.4
Abū Bakr Ibn al-ʿArabī, Mālikī jurist
13.59.4; 13.65
Abū Bakr ibn Qārin al-Rāzī, physician, student of al-Rāzī
11.5.12
Abū Bakr al-Khālidī, 4th/10th-c. poet and man of letters, brother of Abū ʿUthmān al-Khālidī
8.26.15
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Rāzī, known as Ibn Ḥamdūn, source of al-Tanūkhī
11.5.12
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Sarrāj, grammarian (d. ca. 330/942)
7.1.6n; 15.1.3.3
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā al-Qaṭṭān, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Khalīl al-Raqqī, physician, commentator on Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
10.17
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿUbayd, patron of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.8 no. 55
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, son of ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
8.19.2
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Walīd al-Ṭurṭūshī see al-Ṭurṭūshī
Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakariyyāʾ al-Rāzī see al-Rāzī
Abū Bakr al-Rāzī, son of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī, perhaps identical to Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.6
Abū Bakrah ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah, son of the slave-girl Sumayyah and, probably, the physician al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah
7.1.1
Abū l-Baqāʾ ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn al-ʿUkbarī, grammarian (d. 616/1219)
10.79
Abū Barāʾ ʿĀmir ibn Mālik, tribal hero
15.8.4(p)
Abū l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī, Awḥad al-Zamān Hibat Allāh ibn ʿAlī ibn Malkā, Jewish philosopher and physician
1.11; 10.58.4; 10.64.2; 10.66; 10.68.2.6; 10.81.4; AII.5
Abū l-Barakāt ibn al-Quḍāʿī, physician serving Saladin (d 598/1201)
14.37
Abū l-Barakāt ibn Shaʿyā, al-Muwaffaq, Jewish physician of Egypt
14.41
Abū l-Bayān ibn al-Mudawwar, Karaite Jewish physician of Egypt with the honorific name of al-Sadīd (the Well-Guided)
14.33
Abū Bishr, ṭabīb al-ʿaẓīmiyyah, physician in Egypt under al-Ḥākim
14.19
Abū Bishr al-Baqarī
10.29
Abū Bishr Mattā ibn Yūnān (or Yūnus), Christian Aristotelian translator (d. 328/940)
6.5.1; 10.18; 10.20; 10.21; 10.22.1.2; 15.1.2; 15.1.3
Abū Dāwūd Sulaymān ibn Ḥassān al-Andalusī see Ibn Juljul
Abū Dhiʾb, transmitter
7.5.2
Abū Dhuʾayb al-Hudhalī, poet (d. ca. 26/647)
15.50.5n
Abū Dulaf al-Qāsim ibn ʿĪsā ibn Idrīs, 2nd–3rd/8th–9th-c. commander, poet and musician
8.20.11
Abū l-Faḍāʾil ibn al-Nāqid, Egyptian physician known as al-Muhadhdhab
14.34; 14.43.2
Abū l-Faḍāʾil Muḥammad ibn Nāmāwar al-Khūnajī see al-Khūnajī
Abū l-Faḍl, transmitter, unidentified pupil of Abū l-Barakāt
10.66.3
Abū l-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Abī Ṭāhir Ṭayfūr, literary man and historian
8.10.2n; 8.26.17n
Abū l-Faḍl al-ʿĀriḍ, physician
11.16 nos. 1.3, 1.13
Abū l-Faḍl Ḥasdāy ibn Yūsuf see Ḥasdāy ibn Yūsuf
Abū l-Faḍl ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm al-Muhandis, geometrician and physician
15.33
Abū l-Faḍl ibn Abī Sulaymān, Christian physician of Egypt (d. 644/1246)
14.53
Abū l-Faḍl ibn al-Milḥī, patient of Abū l-Ḥakam
15.8.1
Abū l-Faḍl Ismāʿīl ibn Abī l-Waqqār, physician
15.12
Abū l-Faḍl al-Isrāʾīlī, teacher of Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī
15.50.5
Abū l-Faḍl Kutayfāt, student of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
Abū l-Faḍl Sulaymān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Mawṣilī al-Ṣūfī, probably ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī’s paternal uncle Sulaymān (b. 528/1133)
15.40.1
Abū l-Falāḥ, student of Aḥmad ibn Abī l-Ashʿath
10.46.2
Abū l-Faraj ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ṭayyib see Ibn al-Ṭayyib
Abū l-Faraj ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al-Iṣfahānī (or al-Iṣbahānī), author of K. al-Aghānī
7.1.6n; 7.2.3; 7.5.2; 7.5.4n; 7.5.5n; 7.10; 8.3.23; 8.4.7n; 8.7n; 8.26.14n; 8.29.11n; 15.33 no. 3; 15.50.7 no. 2
Abū l-Faraj al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad al-Mastūr, poet
10.64.19.5n
Abū l-Faraj ibn Abī l-Faḍāʾil ibn al-Nāqid
14.34.1
Abū l-Faraj ibn Abī Saʿīd al-Yamāmī, physician of Hamadan
10.35; 11.13.8 no. 88
Abū l-Faraj ibn al-Ḥadīd, transmitter
15.3.1.1
Abū l-Faraj ibn Ḥayyān, maternal uncle of Ibn al-Muṭrān (d. 578/1191)
15.3.1.4
Abū l-Faraj ibn al-Ṭayyib see Ibn al-Ṭayyib, Abū l-Faraj
Abū l-Faraj (al-Naṣrānī), Christian physician serving under Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn and al-Malik al-Afḍal Nūr al-Dīn ʿAlī
15.23.1.2; 15.28
Abū l-Faraj Ṣāʿid ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Tūmā, physician (d. 620/1223)
10.77
Abū l-Faraj Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd ibn Yaḥyā
10.36
Abū l-Faraj Yaḥyā ibn Ṣāʿid ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Tilmīdh, physician see Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Muʿtamad al-Mulk
Abū l-Faraj Yaʿqūb ibn Killis, Jewish vizier of Fatimid al-ʿAzīz (318–380/930–991)
14.14
Abū l-Fatḥ ibn Muhannā al-Naṣrānī, unidentified Christian
15.27
Abū l-Fatḥ Manṣūr ibn Sahlān ibn Muqashshir see Ibn Muqashshir
Abū l-Fatḥ al-Nīsābūrī
10.38.4
Abū l-Fatḥ ʿUthmān ibn Jinnī see Ibn Jinnī
Abū Firās al-Ḥamdānī, poet (d. 357/968)
15.49.6.2n
Abū Ghālib al-ʿAṭṭār, protector of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.3.7
Abū Ghālib Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Sahl ibn Bashrān al-Naḥwī al-Wāsiṭī, transmitter
7.2.3; 7.5.2
Abū Ghālib Muḥammad ibn al-Mubārak ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Maymūn, transmitter
7.2.3; 7.5.2
Abū Ghānim, father of Abū Muslim
8.10.4
Abū Ghānim al-ʿAbbās ibn Sunbāṭ, Biṭrīq al-Baṭāriqah
10.44.5 no. 11
Abū l-Ghawth ibn Niḥrīr al-Munayḥī, 4th–5th/10th–11th-c. poet
10.64.19.5n
Abū l-Ghiṭrīf al-Biṭrīq, patriarch of Armenia
10.44.4; 10.44.5 nos. 4, 8, 9, 19
Abū Ḥafṣ al-Kirmānī, author of Akhbār al-Barāmikah
12.5n
Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā al-Hintātī (or Īntī), companion of Ibn Tūmart
13.66.3
Abū l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn Yaḥyā ibn Isḥāq al-Sabtī al-Maghribī see Yūsuf al-Isrāʾīlī
Abū l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf, Shihāb al-Dīn, oculist in Egypt, teacher of IAU’s father ca. 1200
15.51.1
Abū l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn Mūrāṭīr, Andalusian physician
13.68; 13.69; 13.81.1; 13.87
Abū Ḥakam, Christian physician serving Muʿāwiyah
7.6
Abū l-Ḥakam ibn Ghalindū (son of Galindo), Andalusian physician and poet
13.73
Abū l-Ḥakam ʿUbayd Allāh ibn al-Muẓaffar ibn ʿAbd Allāh, physician and poet (d. 549/1155)
15.8; 15.17
Abū l-Ḥākim Isḥāq ibn Yūḥannā, physician from Ahwāz, 11.16 no. 1.33
Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Ṭūsī al-Ghazālī see al-Ghazālī
Abū Ḥanīfah al-Dīnawarī (d. 282–283/896), author of K. al-Nabāt
13.64.1; 15.40.9 no. 34; 15.50.5
Abū l-Ḥārith al-Usquf (‘the Bishop’), contemporary of Ibn al-Kattānī
13.29.2
Abū l-Ḥasan, son of Ibn Muqlah
10.5.4
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Khalaf ibn ʿAsākir al-Dārimī, Andalusian physician
13.44
Abū l-Ḥasan Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭabarī, 4th/10th-c. physician
11.6
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī, al-Shaykh al-Sadīd
Egyptian physician, 14.31.1
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-ʿAbbās ibn Fasānjas (or Fasānajis) see Ibn Fasānjas
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm al-ʿAṣṣār (d. 576/1180), teacher of Ibn al-Muʾammil
10.78
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī ʿAbd Allāh ʿĪsā ibn Hibat Allāh al-Naqqāsh al-Baghdādī see Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn al-Naqqāsh
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad (or Muḥammad) ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Maḥmawayh al-Shāfiʿī al-Yazdī, transmitter
7.2.3; 7.5.2
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Ḥusaynī, patron of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.8 no. 19
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Baks see ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Baks
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāʾūd ibn al-Jarrāḥ see ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Madāʾinī, transmitter
10.2.2.2
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Riḍwān see Ibn Riḍwān
Abū l-Ḥasan al-ʿĀmirī see al-ʿĀmirī, Abū l-Ḥāsan
Abū l-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī (? = Abū l-Ḥusayn al-Baṣrī, Muʿtazilite theologian)
10.37.4; 10.38.4
Abū l-Ḥasan al-Ḥarrānī see Abū l-Ḥasan Thābit ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn
Abū l-Ḥasan Hibat Allāh ibn Saʿd ibn Hibat Allāh (Rāḍī al-Dawlah Abū Naṣr ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Ṣāʾid), son of Amīn al-Dawlah Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Iraqi physician
15.40
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn al-Āmidī, shaykh of al-Mubashshir ibn Fātik
10.22
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Dalīl, physician
11.16 no. 1.18
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Ghazāl ibn Abī Saʿīd see Amīn al-Dawlah Abū l-Ḥasan Ibn Ghazāl ibn Abī Saʿīd
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Hūd, ʿAḍūd al-Dawlah, Hūdī ruler in Murcia and Seville
13.87n
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Nafīs, teacher of Ibrahim ibn Baks
6.5.1; 9.37n; 9.49n
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Saʿīd (? = Abū l-Ḥusayn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd), physician
11.16 no. 1.33
Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Tuffāḥ, surgeon at the ʿAḍudī Hospital
11.5.6
Abū l-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī (? = Abū l-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar, 5th/11th-c. poet)
8.6 no. 3
Abū l-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, secretary to Abū Ghānim al-ʿAbbās
10.44.5 no. 13
Abū l-Ḥasan al-Qudūrī, Ḥanafī jurist (d. 428/1037)
10.38.4
Abū l-Ḥasan al-Ṣābiʾī (?)
10.38.4
Abū l-Ḥasan Sahlān ibn ʿUthmān ibn Kaysān see Sahlān
Abū l-Ḥasan Sufyān, unidentified collaborator of Ibn Bājjah
13.59.4 no. 21
Abū l-Ḥasan Ṭāhir ibn Aḥmad ibn Bābashādh see Ibn Bābashādh, Abū l-Ḥasan Ṭāhir ibn Aḥmad
Abū l-Ḥasan Thābit ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn al-Ḥarrānī, (d. 365/976)
10.8; 10.38.1
Abū l-Ḥasan Yūsuf (ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ḥābis ibn al-Dāyah)
8.26.14
Abū Hāshim ʿAbd al-Salām, son of al-Jubbāʾī, Muʿtazilite theologian (d. 321/933)
14.22.4.3 no. 20; 14.22.5.1 no. 8n
Abū Hāshim al-Masrūr the Elder (al-Kabīr), courtier of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.16; 12.6
Abū Ḥātim al-Balkhī, otherwise unknown translator, presumably from Persian into Bactrian
12.3 no. 1
Abū Ḥāzim al-Qāḍī, recipient of a treatise by al-Rāzī
11.5.25 no. 35
Abū Hilāl al-Ḥimṣī, physician, father of Hilāl ibn Abī Hilāl al-Ḥimṣī
9.15n
Abū l-Hudhayl Muḥammad ibn al-Hudhayl al-ʿAllāf al-Baṣrī, 3rd/9th-c. Muʿtazilite theologian
4.2
Abū Ḥulayqah see Rashīd al-Dīn Abū Ḥulayqah
Abū l-Ḥusayn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd, physician
11.16 no. 1.25
Abū l-Ḥusayn (or Abū l-Ḥasan) ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn Dīnār al-Kātib, transmitter
7.2.3; 7.5.2
Abū l-Ḥusayn al-ʿArūḍī, contemporary of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.2.10; 11.13.8 no. 6
Abū l-Ḥusayn ibn Asdūn see al-Maṣdūm
Abū l-Ḥusayn ibn Kashkarāyā, physician and pupil of Sinān ibn Thābit
8.5.3; 10.23.2; 10.31; 11.5.6
Abū l-Ḥusayn ibn ʿUmar ibn al-Daḥlī (al-Dakhlī?)
10.29
Abū l-Ḥusayn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Daḥlī (perhaps identical with the preceding)
10.28
Abū l-Ḥusayn (or Abū l-Ḥasan) al-Sahlī (al-Suhaylī), Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, vizier to Maʾmūnid Khwārazm-Shāhs at Gurganj (d. 418/1027)
11.13.2.11; 11.13.8 nos. 31, 49, 52, 93
Abū l-Ḥusayn al-Wārid, physician
11.16 no. 1.6
Abū l-Ḥusayn Yūsuf, probably written in error for Abū l-Ḥasan Yūsuf
Abū l-ʿIbar, Abū l-ʿAbbās Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Hāshimī, known as Abū l-ʿIbar, burlesque poet (d. 252/866)
8.26.5
Abū ʿImrān ibn Abī ʿImrān al-Martalī, unidentified jurist and ascetic who lived in Seville (perhaps Abū ʿImrān Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Khalaf al-ʿAbdarī)
13.62.3; 13.63.8.1
Abū ʿĪsā Aḥmad ibn Hārūn, brother of al-Maʾmūn
8.3.5
Abū ʿĪsā Baqiyyah, physician at the ʿAḍudī Hospital
11.5.6
Abū Isḥāq ibn Hūd Sharaf al-Dawlah, Hūdī ruler in Murcia and Seville
13.87n
Abū Isḥāq ibn Ṭumlūs, Andalusian physician
13.84
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Dānī, Andalusian physician
13.71
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Baks see Ibrāhīm ibn Baks
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Hilāl al-Ṣābiʾ (d. 384/994), head of the chancery in Baghdad during the Būyid period
10.3.7; 10.4.9 no. 11; 11.13.3.13
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī see Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad see Ibn al-Mudabbir, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Sinān see Ibrāhīm ibn Sinān ibn Thābit ibn Qurrah
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn al-Ḥarrānī, (d. 309/921)
10.7
Abū Isḥāq Muḥammad ibn Hārūn, brother of al-Maʾmūn see al-Muʿtaṣim bi-Allāh
Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī, author of A Guide to Jurisprudence
15.21
Abū ʿIṣmah al-Shīʿī (or al-Shaʿbī, al-Shabīʿī, al-Subayʿī?), captain of the guard under al-Amīn
8.3.17
Abū l-ʿIzz al-Mawṣilī, scholar of Qurʾanic sciences, probably Yūsuf, father of ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī
15.40.1
Abū Jābir al-Maghribī, unidentified author quoted by Ibn al-Muṭrān
1.2
Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Ḥassān, Andalusian physician
13.74
Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Khālid see Ibn al-Jazzār
Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, unidentified physician
11.16 nos. 1.10, 1.11
Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Sābiq, Andalusian physician
13.82
Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm see Ibn al-Dāyah
Abū Jaʿfar ibn al-Ghazāl, Andalusian physician
13.63.7; 13.79
Abū Jaʿfar ibn Hārūn al-Turjālī, Andalusian physician
13.65; 13.66.3
Abū Jaʿfar ibn Khamīs al-Ṭulayṭulī, Andalusian physician
13.43
Abū Jaʿfar ibn al-Qāsim ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, member of the Banū Wahb, vizier to al-Qāhir bi-Allāh (d. 321/933)
10.8.8
Abū Jaʿfar al-Dhahabī, Aḥmad ibn Jurayj, physician (d. 600/1203–1204)
13.63.3; 13.85
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-ʿAbbās, poet
15.46.3.8n
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr ibn Yazīd al-Ṭabarī, historian and Qurʾanic scholar
7.2.3; 8.3.14n; 8.3.15n; 8.3.16n; 8.3.17n; 8.3.22n; 8.4.7n; 8.20.5n; 8.20.6n; 8.20.7n; 8.20.10n; 8.20.11n; 8.24n
Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn al-Qāsim al-Karkhī, vizier
15.1.5 no. 35
Abū Jaʿfar Yūsuf ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥasdāy see Yūsuf ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥasdāy
Abū l-Jawāʾiz al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī al-Wāsiṭī, poet (d. 460/1067–1068)
10.6419.7n
Abū Jurayq (the Monk), late-antique medical writer
6.5.2
Abū Kāmil Shujāʿ ibn Aslam the Astrologer, mathematician (active 3rd–4th/9th–10th c.)
10.1.7
Abū l-Karam, physician
15.3.1.1; 15.3.1.4
Abū l-Karam, possibly identical with Abū l-Kirām
15.51.10.3
Abū Kathīr ibn al-Zaffān see Ifrāʾīm (Ephraim) ibn al-Zaffān
Abū Kathīr Ifrāʾīm ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Yaʿqūb see Ifrāʾīm (Ephraim) ibn al-Zaffān
Abū l-Khaṭṭāb Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Abī Ṭālib, Iraqi physician
10.37.4; 10.58.2; 10.60; 11.8.3
Abū l-Khayr, blood-letter
15.3.1.1
Abū l-Khayr, surgeon at the ʿAḍudī Hospital
11.5.6
Abū l-Khayr al-Ḥasan ibn Suwār ibn Bābā see Ibn al-Khammār
Abū l-Khayr ibn Abī Sulaymān Dāwūd, al-Fāris (the knight), son of Abū Sulaymān Dāwūd ibn Abī l-Munā ibn Abī Fānah
14.49.3; 14.54.3; 14.54.4; 14.54.14; 14.54.15
Abū l-Khayr al-Masīḥī, physician to caliph al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
10.76.2; 10.76.3
Abū l-Khayr Salāmah ibn Mubārak ibn Raḥmūn ibn Mūsā see Salāmah ibn Raḥmūn
Abū Khurāsān see Faraj
Abū l-Kirām, unidentified
15.51.10.2(p); 15.51.10.3
Abū Lahab, nickname of one of Muḥammad’s uncles
15.37.4(p)
Abū l-Maʿālī al-Sulamī, poet also known as Shaftar
15.8.10
Abū l-Maʿālī ibn Tammām, physician of Saladin and his brother al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb
14.38
Abū Māhir Mūsā ibn Yūsuf ibn Sayyār, Iraqi physician
10.24
Abū l-Majd ibn Abī l-Ḥakam, physician, astronomer, geometrician
15.8.4, 15.8.15; 15.9; 15.33
Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Azharī (d. 370/980), lexicographer
11.13.3.13
Abū Manṣūr Buwayh (or Būyah) ibn Bahāʾ al-Dawlah, emir of emirs, Būyid dynasty
11.10
Abū Manṣūr al-Ḥasan ibn Nūḥ al-Qumrī (or al-Qamarī) see al-Qumrī
Abū Manṣūr ibn Zaylā, student of Ibn Sīnā
11.3.8 no. 39
Abū Manṣūr Ismāʿīl ibn al-Ḥāfiẓ al-Dīn Allāh see al-Ẓāfir bi-Amr Allāh
Abū Manṣūr al-Jabbān, grammarian
11.13.3.13; 11.13.7n; 11.13.8 no. 21
Abū Manṣūr Mawhūb ibn Aḥmad see al-Jawālīqī
Abū Manṣūr Mumahhid al-Dawlah Saʿīd, Marwānid Emir of Diyarbakr (reg. 997–1011)
10.27
Abū Manṣūr al-Naṣrānī, Christian physician under Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn
5.26; 15.26; 15.43.2
Abū Manṣūr Naṣr ibn Hārūn, companion of ʿAḍud al-Dawlah
10.8.10
Abū Manṣūr al-Thaʿālibi see al-Thaʿālibi
Abū Marīn al-Bajjān, unidentified contemporary of Ibn al-Kattānī
13.29.2
Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Qablāl
13.70
Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad ibn Zuhr see Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik
Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abī l-ʿAlāʾ ibn Zuhr see Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abī l-ʿAlāʾ
Abū Marwān Aḥmad al-Bājī, son of the qadi Abū Marwān Muḥammad al-Bājī
13.63.8.2
Abū Marwān ibn Zuhr see Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān
Abū Marwān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Malik al-Lakhmī al-Bājī, Sevillian jurist and informant of IAU
13.59.3; 13.62.2.3; 13.63.2; 13.63.5; 13.63.7; 13.63.8.1; 13.63.8.2; 13.64.2.1; 13.64.2.2; 13.64.2.3; 13.65; 13.66.3; 13.66.4; 13.68.2; 13.80.2
Abū Maʿshar Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar al-Balkhī, astronomer and astrologer in Baghdad
2.1.1; 2.1.3; 2.1.4; 10.1.5; 10.1.6; 10.1.9; 10.1.14 no. 63; 11.3; 12.1
Abū l-Maymūn ʿAbd al-Majīd ibn al-Amīr Abī l-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn al-Imām al-Mustanṣir bi-Allāh see al-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāh
Abū Mayyah, relative of Abū Nuwās’ mistress Janān
8.19.3
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rushd, son of Ibn Rushd
13.66.5; 13.67
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Wāḥid, governor of Ifrīqiyah
13.66.3
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad al-Mālaqī al-Nabātī see Ibn al-Bayṭār
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd al-Khāliq see al-Ṣāḥib Ṣafī al-Dīn ibn Shukr
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Isḥāq al-Madīnī, unidentified physician
11.16 nos. 1.35, 1.36, 1.37, 1.38
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mawlā Abī l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn al-Imām al-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāh see al-ʿĀḍid li-Dīn Allāh
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Kinānī, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn al-Nafīs ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Wahbān al-Sulamī (= Shams al-ʿArab al-Baghdādī), patient of IAU’s father
15.51.3
Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿUthmān ibn Abī Naṣr, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū Muḥammad Badr ibn Abī l-Iṣbaʿ, ‘the secretary’
8.4.6; 8.4.7
Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥusayn [ibn ʿAlī ibn al-ʿAbbās ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Sahl ibn Nawbakht] al-Nawbakhtī, scribe and traditionist (d. 402/1012)
10.8.7
Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad, Chief Judge
10.44.5 no. 14
Abū Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥafīd Abī Bakr ibn Zuhr see Ibn Zuhr, Abū Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥafīd
Abū Muḥammad ibn al-Jaʿdī, Fatimid astrologer
15.51.1
Abū Muḥammad ibn Abī Jaʿfar, physician
11.16 no. 1.12
Abū Muḥammad ibn Rizq al-Ḥāfiẓ, Andalusī jurist
13.66.1
Abū Muḥammad ibn Rushd see Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rushd
Abū Muḥammad al-Shadhūnī, Andalusian physician
13.62.3; 13.76
Abū Muḥammad al-Shīrāzī, patron of Ibn Sīnā at Jurjān
11.13.3.1; 11.13.8 nos. 8, 9, 10
Abū Muḥammad al-Ṣilḥī, secretary to al-Muṭīʿ li-Allāh
10.29
Abū l-Musayyab Fahd ibn Sulaymān
10.8.7
Abū Muslim, Abbasid revolutionary murdered by al-Manṣūr
8.10.4
Abū Muslim Muḥammad ibn Baḥr, physician
11.16 no. 1.38
Abū l-Muẓaffar, unidentified
10.64.19.2(p)
Abū l-Nadā Ḥassān ibn Numayr al-Kalbī see ʿArqalah
Abū l-Najāʾ Sālim ibn Hūd ʿImād al-Dawlah, Hūdī ruler of Murcia and Seville
13.81.2; 13.81.2n; 13.87
Abū l-Najīb, probably Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Abū l-Najīb al-Suhrawardī ʿAbd al-Qāhir ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Bakrī, Sunnī mystic (490/1097–563/1168)
15.40.3
Abū l-Najm (al-Naṣrānī), ibn Abī Ghālib ibn Fahd ibn Manṣūr ibn Wahb ibn Qays ibn Mālik. Christian physician in Damascus
15.27
Abū Naṣr ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn al-Qayrawānī, kātib al-inshāʾ with the Fatimid caliph al-ʿAzīz bi-Allāh
AII.11
Abū Naṣr ʿAdnān ibn al-ʿAynzarbī see Ibn al-ʿAynzarbī
Abū Naṣr Asʿad ibn Ilyās ibn al-Muṭrān see Ibn al-Muṭrān
Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī see al-Fārābī
Abū Naṣr ibn Abī Sulaymān, 12th–13th-c. Christian physician of Egypt
14.52
Abū Naṣr ibn al-Daḥlī, oculist at the ʿAḍudī Hospital
11.5.6
Abū Naṣr ibn al-Masīhī see Abū Naṣr Saʿīd ibn Abī l-Khayr
Abū Naṣr ibn Nārī ibn Ayyūb, translator
9.17
Abū Naṣr Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥammād al-Jawharī see al-Jawharī, Abū Naṣr
Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Jahīr, Kāfī al-Kufāh (d. 483/1046–1047)
10.40; 15.40.3
Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Awzalagh ibn Ṭarkhān al-Fārābī see al-Fārābī
Abū Naṣr Sābūr ibn Ardashīr, 4th/10th-c. vizier
8.5.3n
Abū Naṣr al-Saʿdī, poet
10.64.19.7n
Abū Naṣr Saʿīd ibn Abī l-Khayr ibn ʿĪsā ibn al-Masīḥī, physician
10.76
Abū Naṣr Yaḥyā ibn Jarīr al-Takrītī
10.40; 10.70
Abū Nuwās al-Ḥasan ibn Hāniʾ al-Ḥakamī, poet (d. ca. 198/813)
4.6.10n; 8.3.23; 8.19.3; 8.29.1n; 8.29.22n; 15.40.4n
Abū l-Qāsim ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAlī see Ibn Abī Ṣādiq al-Nīsābūrī
Abū l-Qāsim ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī l-ʿAqib, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū l-Qāsim Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn Baḥr, physician
11.16 no. 1.4
Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn Sulaymān, Ibn al-Ṣayrafī, Fatimid official (d. 532/1147)
13.58.3.1; 13.58.3.2
Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn Ṭirād al-Zaynabī, al-Sharīf, naqīb al-nuqabāʾ (d. 561/1166)
10.68.2.7n
Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Abī l-ʿAqib, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū l-Qāsim al-Balkhī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn Maḥmūd (d. 319/931)
11.5.25. nos. 79, 81
Abū l-Qāsim Fayd ibn Najm, contemporary of Ibn al-Kattānī
13.29.2
Abū l-Qāsim Ghānim ibn Abī l-ʿAlāʾ al-Iṣbahānī, 4th/10th or 5th/11th-c. poet
15.52.1.2n
Abū l-Qāsim Hibat Allāh ibn al-Faḍl (= Ibn al-Qaṭṭān), poet and physician (d. 558/1163)
10.64.19.16; 10.68; AII.6
Abū l-Qāsim ibn Abī Dulaf
11.5.25 no. 191
Abū l-Qāsim ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā, son of vizier of al-Muqtadir
14.22.4.4
Abū l-Qāsim ibn Manẓūr, chief qadi of Seville
13.61.3.2
Abū l-Qāsim ibn Sulaymān al-Ṣayrafī (d. 542/1147), Egyptian author who worked for the Fatimid chancellery
13.58.3.1; 13.58.3.2
Abū l-Qāsim ʿĪsā ibn al-Ẓāfir bi-Amr Allāh see al-Fāʾiz bi-Naṣr Allāh
Abū l-Qāsim Ismāʿīl ibn Aḥmad ibn al-Samarqandī, teacher of Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn Habal
10.81.1; 10.81.3
Abū l-Qāsim al-Karakānī, transmitter
15.51.7
Abū l-Qāsim al-Kirmānī, contemporary of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.3.15
Abū l-Qāsim al-Maʿājīnī al-Andalusī, unidentified contemporary of IAU
13.62.2.1
Abū l-Qāsim al-Maghribī, al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, politician and scholar (d. 418/1027)
10.13.3
Abū l-Qāsim Maslamah ibn Aḥmad see al-Majrīṭī
Abū l-Qāsim Ṣāʿid ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṣāʿid al-Andalūsī see Ṣāʿid al-Andalūsī
Abū l-Qāsim al-Sharīʿī, unidentified philosopher
15.40.3
Abū l-Qāsim Tammām ibn Muḥammad al-Rāzī, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū l-Qāsim ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Sulaymān, member of the Banū Wahb family of viziers (d. 288/901)
10.3.14 no. 81
Abū l-Qāsim ʿUmar ibn al-Ḥuṣayn, Hadith scholar
15.13
Abū l-Qāsim Yaḥyā ibn Thābit al-Wakīl, teacher of ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī
15.40.1
Abū Qubayl al-Hindī (or T-w-q-sh-t-l al-Hindī), otherwise unknown Indian medical author
12.2 no. 14
Abū Quraysh ʿĪsā al-Ṣaydalānī see ʿĪsā, known as Abū Quraysh
Abū l-Rabīʿ al-Kafīf, unidentified Andalusī scholar exiled to Lucena
13.66.3
Abū l-Rajāʾ, unidentified transmitter
15.3.1.1
Abū l-Rayḥān al-Bīrūnī see al-Bīrūnī
Abū l-Rāzī Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd, prefect of al-Baṣrah during governorship of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.15
Abū Saʿd Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Jabbār ibn Aḥmad ibn Abī l-Qāsim al-Ṣayrafī al-Baghdādī, transmitter (d. 517/1123–1124)
7.2.3; 7.5.2
Abū Sahl al-Kūhī, 4th/10th-c. astronomer
10.4.9 no. 19
Abū Sahl al-Masīḥī, Christian physician (d. 401/1010)
10.64.20 nos. 13, 17; 11.12; 11.13.8 no. 22; 11.20
Abū Sahl ibn Nawbakht, member of the Nawbakht family of courtiers (real name Kharkhashā Damāh Ṭīmādhāh Mādhariyād Khusraw Abhamshād), associate of al-Manṣūr
8.9
Abū Saʿīd al-Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī [al-Ṭabīb]
10.13.5
Abū Saʿīd ibn Abī l-Khayr [al-Ṣūfī]
11.13.6; 11.13.8 no. 85
Abū Saʿīd ibn Abī Sulaymān, al-Muhadhdhab, Christian physician in Egypt (d. ca. 613/1216)
14.49.2; 14.50; 14.51.1; 14.54.2; 14.54.3; 14.54.14
Abū Saʿīd ibn al-Muʿawwaj, 5th/11th-c. official
10.61
Abū Saʿīd ibn Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb see Rashīd al-Dīn Abū Saʿīd ibn Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb
Abū Saʿīd Mujīr al-Dīn Abaq Atabeg Ṭughtakīn, Būrid ruler of Damascus (d. 564/1169)
15.8.1
Abū Saʿīd ʿUthmān al-Dimashqī, translator; perhaps identical with Abū ʿUthmān Saʿīd ibn Yaʿqūb al-Dimashqī
Abū Saʿīd Wahb ibn Ibrāhīm, secretary to al-Muṭīʿ li-Allāh
10.29
Abū Saʿīd al-Yamāmī
10.34; 10.38.4; 11.13.8 no. 23
Abū Salamah Sallām al-Abrash see Sallām al-Abrash
Abū Ṣāliḥ Manṣūr ibn Isḥāq ibn Aḥmad ibn Asad al-Sāmānī (d. 302/915), patron of al-Rāzī
11.5.9; 11.5.19n; 11.5.25 no. 90
Abū Salīm, courtier of Hārūn al-Rashīd
12.6
Abū l-Ṣalt (active 10th-c.), bonesetter at the ʿAḍudī Hospital
11.5.6
Abū l-Ṣalt Umayyah ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Abī l-Ṣalt al-Andalusī al-Ishbīlī, physician and poet (d. 528/1134)
13.58; 15.47n; 14.27.1; 14.27.2; 14.27.3
Abū l-Sammāl al-Asadī, poet
7.10n
Abū Ṣaqr Wahb ibn Muḥammad al-Kalwadhānī see Abū Ṣaqr Wahb ibn Muḥammad
Abū l-Sarāyā al-Sarī ibn Manṣūr al-Shaybānī, Shi’ite rebel
8.3.14n; 8.18.3
Abū Shākir ibn Abī Sulaymān, Christian physician of Egypt (d. 613/1216)
14.51; 14.54.3; 14.54.4; 14.54.13
Abū Shās, poet
15.58.6n
Abū l-Shawk Fāris ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAnnāz (reg. 401–437/1010–1045)
11.13.3.4
Abū Simāk al-Asadī, poet
7.10
Abū Sufyān ibn Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, father of Muʿāwiyah and opponent of Muḥammad
7.1.1; 7.2.1; 7.2.3
Abū Suhayl, transmitter
7.5.2
Abū Sulaym Faraj, Turkish mawlā of Hārūn al-Rashīd and governor
12.6
Abū Sulaymān Dāwūd ibn Abī l-Munā ibn Abī Fānah, Christian physician from Jerusalem serving Fatimids
14.49; 14.50n
Abū Sulaymān ibn Bābashādh see Ibn Bābashādh
Abū Sulaymān al-Manṭiqī see Abū Sulaymān Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir
Abū Sulaymān Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir ibn Bahrām al-Sijistānī, known as al-Manṭiqī, philosopher
1.5; 4.1.8.1n; 4.6.3.5; 2.1.1; 6.1.2; 8.29.5n; 8.30.6n; 11.7; 11.8. no. 13; 13.34.1; 15.1.3.1
Abū Ṭāhir Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Silafī al-Iṣfahānī, teacher of Hadith
15.33
Abū Ṭāhir ibn ʿAbd al-Bāqī (known as Ibn Qaṭramīz, ‘Son of Big Bottle’), scholar
8.6 no. 5
Abū Ṭāhir [Muḥammad] ibn Baqiyyah see Ibn Baqiyyah
Abū Ṭāhir ibn al-Barakhshī see Ibn al-Barakhshī
Abū Ṭāhir Ismāʿīl ibn Jumayʿ, son of Ibn Jumayʿ
14.32.5 no. 1n
Abū l-Ṭāhir Yaḥyā ibn Tamīm ibn Muʿizz ibn Bādīs, Zirid emir of Mahdia
13.58.4.3; 13.58.5 no. 1
Abū Ṭālib, uncle of ʿUmar ibn Maʿadd
13.3.2.1
Abū Ṭālib ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, uncle of Muḥammad
15.46.2
Abū Ṭālib al-ʿAlawī, al-wazīr, unidentified vizier
11.13
Abū Tammām, poet (d. ca. 231/845)
7.2.3n; 8.29.15n; 10.68.1.4n; 15.22; 15.50.4n
Abū Tammām al-Bārid (‘the Cold One’), ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn al-Ḥusayn, 6th/12th-c. poet
10.68.2.5n
Abū l-Ṭayyib Azhar ibn al-Nuʿmān, unidentified (? contemporary of Ibn Riḍwān or = the Shi’ite theologian Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Muḥammad ibn al-Nuʿmān al-Ḥārithī al-ʿUkbarī al-Mufīd)
14.25.9 no. 40
Abū l-Ṭayyib al-Ṭabarī, Shāfiʿite jurist (d. 450/1058)
10.38.4
Abū Thughrah, Abū l-Qāsim ʿUbayd Allāh ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Iskāfī, 4th/10th-c. official
10.5.3
Abū l-Tuqā Ṣāliḥ ibn Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Sulaymān al-Qurashī alias Taqī al-Dīn, teacher of IAU’s paternal uncle
15.51.1
Abū ʿUbayd Allāh al-Faqīh (the Jurist), i.e. Aḥmad al-Maʿṣūmī
11.13.8 no. 98
Abū ʿUbayd al-Bakrī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, Andalusian geographer, historian (d. 487/1094)
7.1.5n; 7.5.5n; 7.5.6n; 8.3.16n; 13.53
Abū ʿUbayd al-Jūzjānī, pupil and amanuensis of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.1; 11.13.2.11; 11.13.3.1; 11.13.8
Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim ibn Sallām al-Baghdādī, 8th-c. grammarian and Qurʾanic scholar
7.5.5; 15.40.3; 15.40.9 no. 1
Abū ʿUthmān, relative of Abū Nuwās’ mistress Janān
8.19.3
Abū ʿUthmān al-Jāḥiẓ see al-Jāḥiẓ
Abū ʿUthmān al-Jazzār al-Yābisah, contemporary of Ibn Juljul
13.36.2.3
Abū ʿUthmān al-Khālidī, 4th/10th-c. poet and man of letters, brother of Abū Bakr al-Khālidī
8.26.15
Abū ʿUthmān al-Maghribī, transmitter
15.51.7
Abū ʿUthmān Saʿīd ibn Ghālib see Saʿīd ibn Ghālib
Abū ʿUthmān Saʿīd ibn Yaʿqūb al-Dimashqī, translator and physician of ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā (active 302/924–925)
8.29.8; 9.36; 10.16
Abū l-Wafāʾ Maḥmūd al-Dawlah al-Mubashshir ibn Fātik see al-Mubashshir ibn Fātik
Abū l-Walīd Hishām ibn Aḥmad ibn Hishām see Ibn al-Waqashī
Abū l-Walīd ibn al-Kattānī see Ibn al-Kattānī
Abū l-Walīd Ibn Rushd see Ibn Rushd
Abū l-Waḥsh Wuḥaysh al-Asadī Sabʿ ibn Khalaf, poet (d. 579/1184)
15.8.12
Abū Yaḥyā al-Marwazī, teacher of Abū Bishr Mattā ibn Yūnus
10.20; 15.1.3.1
Abū Yaḥyā, son of Abū al-Qāsim al-Maghribī
10.13.3
Abū Yaḥyā, source of an anecdote about the court of the caliph al-Mutawakkil
8.26.15
Abū Yaḥyā ibn Qāsim al-Ishbīlī, Andalusian physician
13.72
Abū Yaʿqūb al-Ahwāzī
10.32; 11.5.6
Abū Yaʿqūb al-Khuraymī, Isḥāq ibn Ḥassān, poet courtier of Hārūn al-Rashīd and al-Amīn (d. 214/829)
10.5
Abū Yaʿqūb ibn Yūsuf ibn ʿĪsā see Yūsuf al-Khūrī or al-Qass (the priest)
Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf see Yūsuf I
Abū Yūsuf al-Kātib ‘the Secretary’, translator
9.29
Abū l-Ẓāhir Ismāʿīl, acquaintance of Ibn al-Muṭrān
15.23.1.3
Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā al-Bayyāsī see al-Bayyāsī
Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī the Logician see Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī
Abū Zakariyyā Yahūdā ibn Saʿādah see Ibn Saʿādah
Abū Zakkār, singer under Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.16
Abū Zayd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Mūsā ibn Yūjān, vizier of the Almohad ruler al-Manṣūr
13.63.7
Abū Zayd al-Anṣārī, 9th-c. grammarian and lexicographer
7.1.1; 8.29.22n
Abū Zayd al-Balkhī, Aḥmad b. Sahl (d. 322/934), philosopher and contemporary of al-Rāzī
11.5.9; 11.5.25 no. 125
Abū Zurʿah ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṣafwān al-Azdī al-Baṣrī, transmitter
10.81.3
Abū Zurʿah Ṭāhir ibn Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī al-Hamadhānī, scholar of Hadith (481/1088–566/1170)
15.40.1
Abuqrāṭ see Hippocrates
Achilles, legendary ancient Greek hero
4.4.2.3
Acratus ‘the musician’, Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3
Acron of Agrigento, prominent Empiricist physician of antiquity
3.4
ʿĀd, legendary pre-Islamic Arabian people
7.1.1n; 14.32.4(p); 15.17(p)
Adam, first man
5.1.7; 5.1.8.1; 10.51.2(p); 14.54.16
al-ʿĀḍid bi-Allāh (Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Mawlā Abī l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn al-Imām al-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāh), last Fatimid caliph of Egypt (d. 567/1171)
14.31.6
al-ʿĀḍid li-Dīn Allāh see al-ʿĀḍid bi-Allāh
al-ʿĀḍil see al-Malik al-ʿĀḍil
ʿAdnān, legendary ancestor of the northern Arabian tribes
8.10.4n
ʿAdnān ibn Naṣr al-ʿAynzarbī see Ibn al-ʿAynzarbī
ʿAḍud al-Dawlah, Abū Shujāʿ Fannā Khusraw, Būyid emir (d. 372/983)
8.5.2; 8.5.3; 10.4.9 nos. 8, 17; 10.8.3; 10.25; 10.29; 10.31; 10.32; 10.33; 10.42; 11.5.3;11.5.3; 11.5.4; 11.5.5; 11.5.6
ʿAḍud al-Dīn Abū al-Faraj ibn Raʾīs al-Ruʾasāʾ, vizier to al-Mustaḍīʾ bi-Amr Allāh
10.63.2
al-ʿAḍud ibn Munqidh, ʿAḍud al-Dīn [or ʿAḍud al-Dawlah] Abū l-Fawāris Murhaf ibn Usāmah (d. 613/1216), son of Usāmah ibn Munqidh
14.51.3
Aephicianus, associate of Satyrus
5.1.25
Aeschines, Greek statesman and orator (d. 314 BC)
10.1.14 no. 205
Aetius of Amida, 6th-c. medical author
4.1.10.2n; 4.5.1n; 6.5.2
al-Afḍal see al-Malik al-Afḍal
Afḍal al-Dīn al-Khūnajī see al-Khūnajī
ʿAfīf al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿAdlān al-Naḥwī al-Mawṣilī, grammarian (d. 666/1267)
10.81.2
al-Afḍal ibn Amīr al-Juyūsh, Fatimid vizier 487–515/1094–1121
14.26.2; 14.31.2n; 14.31.4n
ʿAfīf ibn Sukkarah, Jewish physician from Aleppo (active 584/1188)
15.16
Aflāṭūn see Plato
Afqūrshāh, pre-Islamic Persian ruler
10.4.4.2n
Afrāʾīm ibn al-Zaffān see Ifrāʾīm ibn al-Zaffān
al-Afshīn, princely title of Ḥaydar ibn Kāwūs, general of al-Maʾmūn and al-Muʿtaṣim
8.11
Agamemnon, Greek king and leader of the Greeks in the Trojan War
2.1.5
Agapius (Maḥbūb ibn Quṣṭanṭīn), 10th-c. bishop of Manbij and historian
5.1.8.2n
Agathias of Anazarbus, Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3; 5.1.32
Agathinus, 1st-c. physician
3.2; 3.6
Agathodaemon, Greco-Egyptian god, expert on the occult in the Arabic tradition
2.1.3; 5.1.32
Agathon, metropolitan at al-Shawbak
5.1.32
al-Agharr see Dubays ibn Ṣadaqah
Aghlabids
13.1 n 5
Aḥmad al-Ḥājib, possibly Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn al-Furāt (d. 312/924)
10.3.6
Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Bakhtārī, great-grandson of Ibn al-Bakhtārī
8.20.11n
Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Yūsuf, brother of Ibn (al-)Shibl al-Baghdādī
10.51.3
Aḥmad ibn Abī l-Ashʿath see Ibn Abī l-Ashʿath
Aḥmad ibn Abī Duʾād, 2nd/8th-c. Muʿtazilite
8.4.2; 8.4.5; 8.20.6n
Aḥmad ibn Abī Yaʿqūb, Abbasid client
14.14.3
Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn Thābit see al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī
Aḥmad ibn Badr al-Wāsiṭī, transmitter (perhaps = Ibn al-Wāsiṭī, q.v.)
10.62.2
Aḥmad ibn Ḥakīm ibn Ḥafṣūn, Andalusian physician
13.30; 13.29.2
Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥārith al-Ḥazzāz, transmitter
7.5.2; 10.2.2.2
Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Zayd ibn Fuḍālah al-Baladī
10.46.4 no. 14
Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Dāwūd ibn Ḥamdūn see Ibn Ḥamdūn al-Nadīm
Aḥmad ibn Ilyās al-Qāʾid, governor of Cordova
13.27.1
Aḥmad ibn ʿĪsā, ṣāḥib al-madīnah in Cordova
13.24.2
Aḥmad ibn ʿĪsā ibn Shaykh
10.2.3.1
Aḥmad ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Aḥmad (reg. 295–301/907–914), Samanid emir
11.5.25 nos. 75, 197
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā al-Baladī, Abū l-ʿAbbās
10.46.2; 10.46.4 no. 1; 10.48
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, known as Ibn al-Mudabbir, ‘the Secretary’ see Ibn al-Mudabbir
Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Khurāsānī, addressee of a treatise by al-Kindī
10.1.14 no. 235
Aḥmad ibn al-Muʿtaṣim, Abū l-ʿAbbās, Abbasid prince and patron of al-Kindī
10.1.3; 10.1.4 nos. 35, 59, 246, 282
Aḥmad ibn Rashīd, mawlā of Sallām al-Abrash
12.6
Aḥmad ibn Saʿd, physician
11.16 nos. 1.1, 1.8
Aḥmad ibn al-Ṭayyib al-Sarakhsī see al-Sarakhsī, Aḥmad ibn al-Ṭayyib
Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn, Turkish governor of Egypt, founder of the Ṭūlūnid dynasty (220/835–270/884)
8.26.9; 14.2; 14.3; 14.4.1–4; 14.54.4n
Aḥmad ibn Waṣīf al-Ṣābiʾ
10.9.1
Aḥmad ibn Yūnus al-Ḥarrānī see al-Ḥarrānī, Aḥmad ibn Yūnus
Ahrun ibn Aʿyan, 6th-c. author of a medical compendium
6.5.1; 8.19.1; 8.19.2; 8.30.4
al-Ahzal Aḥmad ibn Isḥāq see al-Burjī
ʿĀʾishah, wife of Muḥammad
7.5.5n; 15.46.2
al-Ajall al-Sadīd Abū l-Manṣūr ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Abī l-Ḥasan ʿAlī see al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Raʿīs al-Ṭibb
al-Ajall al-Murtaḍā,? = al-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā (d. 436/1044)
10.13.4; 10.38.4
Ajax, legendary ancient Greek hero
4.4.2.3
al-Akhṭal, Ghiyāth ibn Ghawth, Umayyad poet (d. ca. 92/710)
11.9.2.5n
al-Akhṭal, name of several minor poets
11.9.2.5n
Akhū l-Sayyidah, metropolitan (al-muṭrān) in Cairo 380/991 [Arsenius, later Patriarch of Alexandria; d. 400/1000]
14.15
Akhzam, son of a poet
14.55.2n; 15.58.1
Alāʾ al-Dawlah, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Dushmanziyār (d. 433/1041–1042), Kākūyid ruler of the Jibāl region
11.13.3.2 no. 12; 11.13.3.7–11,18,19; 11.13.8 nos. 13, 14, 53
ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn ʿAlī Khwārazm Shāh see ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Tekish Khwārazm Shāh
ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Kay-Qubādh, Seljuq sultan of Rūm (reg. 616–634/1219–1237)–
ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Tekish Khwārazm Shāh, ruler of the Khwārazm-Shāh dynasty (reg. 596–617/1200–1229)
11.19.6.2 (incorrectly as ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn ʿAlī Khwārazm Shāh); see also s.v. Khwārazm Shāh
ʿAlāʾ al-Mulk al-Alawī, vizier under Sultan Khwārazm Shāh
11.19.5
ʿAlam al-Dīn Abū Naṣr, brother of Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Abī Ḥulayqah, physician
14.55.3
ʿAlam al-Dīn Qayṣar ibn Abī l-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd al-Ghanī ibn Musāfir al-Ḥanafī see Qayṣar ibn Abī l-Qāsim ibn Musāfir
al-ʿAlawī, patron of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.3.9
Albinus, Platonist and teacher of Galen
4.1.11.3; 5.1.21.1n
Alexander of Aphrodisias, 3rd-c. Aristotelian philosopher
4.1.11.3; 5.1.26 (confused with Alexander of Damascus); 4.8; 14.25.2; 14.30; 15.1.5 no. 27; 15.40.3
Alexander of Damascus, Aristotelian philosopher
5.1.25
Alexander the Great, Macedonian king
1.4; 4.1.11.3; 4.6.11 nos. 46, 85, 88; 4.6.13.1 no. 120; 4.6.13.3 nos. 126, 128, 129, 141; 5.1.8.1 (era of Alexander); 10.4.4.2n
Alexander of Tralles, physician of late antiquity
4.1.11.2
Alexandrians, late-antique physicians responsible for systematizing and summarizing Galen
5.1.37 nos. 79; 5.2.1; 6.1.1; 6.3.1–6 (curriculum of the Sixteen Books of Galen); 10.57 no. 3; 10.64.20 no. 8
Alfonso II, king of Portugal
13.71n
Alfonso VIII, king of Castile
13.66.3; 13.71n
ʿAlī, known as al-Fayyūm, Christian patron of translators including Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq, governor of the Egyptian district of Fayyūm
9.45
ʿAlī, son of caliph al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
10.76.2
ʿAlī ibn al-ʿAbbās al-Majūsī
10.25; 14.25.9 no. 64n
ʿAlī [ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sīnā], brother of the Ibn Sīnā
11.13.2.1 n. 12; 11.13.3.15; 11.13.8 no. 16
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet Muḥammad, last of the ‘Rightly Guided’ caliphs
7.1.1; 7.1.5; 7.2.3; 7.5.3n; 7.5.6; 10.1.7n; 11.13.7.9; 13.58.4.6(p); 14.22.3.1n; 14.14.3n; 15.46.2; 15.46.3.2; 15.51.7; AII.2.1
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qayrawānī, dream interpreter: probably an error for Makkī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qayrawānī, q.v.
ʿAlī ibn ʿAyyāsh, transmitter
10.81.3
ʿAlī ibn Bulbul (al-wazīr)
10.13.5
ʿAlī ibn Ḥāmid, oculist, father of the physician Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī
15.50.1
ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn, fourth Imam of the Twelver Shi’is
15.51.7
ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Baks, Abū l-Ḥasan, physician at ʿAḍudī Hospital (d. 394/1003–1004)
9.38; 10.43; 11.5.6
ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn ʿAlī al-Kaḥḥāl (The Oculist)
10.50
ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāʾūd ibn al-Jarrāh, Abū l-Ḥasan, twice vizier under al-Muqtadir billāh (d. 334/996)
8.29.8n; 9.36; 10.4.4.1; 10.4.4.2; 10.4.5; 10.4.9 no. 6; 10.16; 11.5.25 no. 117; 14.22.4.4
ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn Māhān, guard commander under caliphs al-Mahdī and Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.17
ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā al-Rabaʿī, Abū al-Ḥasan al-Naḥwī (the Grammarian) (d. 420/1029)
10.38.4
ʿAlī ibn al-Jahm, poet active mainly in Baghdad (d. 249/863)
13.58
ʿAlī ibn al-Mahdī, son of al-Mahdī, known as Abū Quraysh
8.8.2
ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Tamīmī, son of the physician al-Tamīmī
14.14.8 no. 1
ʿAlī ibn Mūsā, al-Riḍā, eighth imam of the Twelver Shi’is
8.3.11n; 15.51.7
ʿAlī ibn Rabban al-Ṭabarī see ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban al-Ṭabarī
ʿAlī ibn Riḍwān see Ibn Riḍwān
ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban al-Ṭabarī, 3rd/9th-c. physician
11.3; 11.4; 11.5.1; 12.2 nos. 3n, 11n
ʿAlī ibn Sulaymān, physician-astrologer under the Fatimid
14.21
ʿAlī ibn Wahbān
11.5.25 no. 192
ʿAlī ibn Wāhsūdhān the Daylamite (d. after 304/917), governor of Rayy
11.5.14; 11.5.25 no. 192n
ʿAlī ibn Yaḥyā, known as Ibn al-Munajjim, secretary, companion of al-Maʾmūn; patron of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
8.29.22 nos. 6, 7; 9.41; 10.3.14 no. 41
ʿAlī ibn Yūsuf ibn Tāshufīn, Almoravid ruler (reg. 500–537/1107–1142)
13.61.4 no. 9
Alīnūs al-Iskandarānī see (Pseudo-)Elias the Neoplatonist
Almohads (al-Muwaḥḥidūn)
13.63.3
Almoravids (al-Murābiṭūn)
13.61.1; 13.62.1; 13.63.3
Āluh (Aluh) see Ibn Ḥāmid ibn Muḥammad, Abū Naṣr al-ʿAzīz Aḥmad
Amalric (King Mārī; al-Malik Mārī), Amalric I of Jerusalem (reg. 558–569 /1162–1174)
14.49.2; 14.49.3
al-Aʿmash see Sulaymān ibn Mihrān al-Asadī
Amasis, Egyptian pharaoh
4.3.4.2
Amat al-ʿAzīz, favourite slave of al-Hādī, to whom she bore eight children
8.10.3
Ambracis, maidservant of Aristotle
4.6.6.2
Amenophis, mythical Greek king
2.2
al-ʿAmīd, vizier
8.5.4
al-ʿAmīdī, Rukn al-Dīn Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Samarqandī, Ḥanafī jurist at Bukhārā (d. 615/1218)
10.83.2
al-Āmidī, Sayf al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Sālim al-Taghlibī al-Āmidī, theologian and philosopher (d. 631/1233)
10.22.3; 14.23.1; 15.1.1.1; 15.22; 15.50.5
al-Amīn, Muḥammad, caliph (reg. 193–198/809–13)
8.3.5; 8.3.7n; 8.3.14n; 8.3.17; 8.15.1n; 8.20.4n; 8.25.2n; 8.27.4n; 12.5n
Amīn al-Dawlah Abū l-Fatḥ ibn Abī l-Najm, Christian Physician
15.27
Amīn al-Dawlah Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Ghazāl ibn Abī Saʿīd, vizier and physician
15.20; 15.49
Amīn al-Dawlah ibn al-Tilmīdh see Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Amīn al-Dawlah
Amīn al-Dīn Jaʿfar, muezzin for Al-Malik al-Kāmil, patient of Abū Ḥulayqah
14.54.8
al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām Allāh (Abū ʿAlī al-Manṣūr ibn Abī l-Qāsim Aḥmad al-Mustaʿlī bi-Allāh ibn al-Mustanṣir), tenth Fatimid caliph (d. 524/1130)
13.52.1; 13.58.2.2; 14.31.2; 14.31.4n; 14.31.6
ʿĀmir ibn Ṣaʿṣaʿah, poet
15.8.4
ʿĀmir ibn Sharāḥīl al-Shaʿbī, early muḥaddith and legal expert
7.2.4
ʿĀmir ibn al-Ṭufayl, tribal hero and poet (d. ca. 10/632)
15.8.4(p); 15.8.6(p)
ʿAmīrah ibn Ḥayyān ibn Surāqah al-Asadī, grandfather of Ṣāliḥ ibn Shaykh ibn ʿAmīrah
8.26.13
al-ʿĀmirī, Abū l-Ḥasan Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf (d. 381/992), philosopher
11.13.8 no. 91
ʿAmmār Dhū Kubār (recte Kināz), early 2nd/8th-c. poet
7.1.6n
ʿAmmār ibn ʿAlī al-Mawṣilī, oculist under al-Ḥākim
14.17
Ammonius, early 6th-c. Neoplatonist
3.3;4.1.11.3; 6.1.2
Amqat, Indian physician at court of Hārūn al-Rashīd
12.5n
ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ, conqueror of Egypt (d. 43/664)
6.1.2; 14.14.7; 14.15n; 14.48.2n
ʿAmr ibn Jurmūz, killer of al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām at the Battle of the Camel
7.5.4; 7.5.5
ʿAmr ibn Maʿrūf, transmitter
7.1.5
ʿAmr ibn Maymūn, unidentified, possible confusion with ʿAmr ibn Nuhaywī
AII.2.2
ʿAmr ibn Nuhaywī, official under al-Maʾmūn
AII.2.2n
ʿAmr ibn Muḥammad al-Nāqid, transmitter
10.2.2.1
ʿAmr ibn Shaʾs (d. after 16/637), poet
15.8.5n
Amram see ʿImrān
Amyntas, ancient Macedonian king
4.6.2.1
Analogists, the Dogmatist school of ancient Greek physicians
1.1; 1.3.2; 1.12; 3.3; 4.1.10.4
Anas ibn Mālik, Companion of the Prophet, traditionist
10.2.2.1
Anaxagoras, Pre-socratic philosopher
3.5; 4.1.10.1n; 5.1.26; 5.1.32
Anaximander, early Greek philosopher
4.3.4.1
Anaximenes, early Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3
Anbā Zakhariyyā ibn Thawābah, unidentified monk in Jerusalem in the 900s
14.14.2
al-Anbārī al-Naḥwī, Kamāl al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿUbayd Allāh Abū l-Barakāt, grammarian (513/1119–577/1181)
15.40.2
ʿAnbasah ibn Isḥāq al-Ḍabbī, governor of Daybul (Sind) under al-Wāthiq
8.21.4
Ancaeus, maternal grandfather of Pythagoras
4.3.4.1
Anchialus, Empiricist physician of antiquity
3.5
Andī, otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
Andreas, personal physician of Ptolemy Philopator
4.1.10.2n
Androcles, governor of Samos and foster-father of Pythagoras
4.3.4.1
Andromachus the Elder, personal physician of Nero
1.8n; 3.6
Andromachus the Younger, 1st-c. physician
1.8; 4.1.10.2; 5.1.26
Andronicus, continuator of Eusebius
5.1.8.1–5.1.8.2 (dates of Roman emperors); 15.1.2
Andronicus, editor of the works of Aristotle
4.6.13.1n; 4.6.13.2
Anebo, Egyptian prophet and priest
11.5.25.no. 76
Ankar, otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
al-Ankūr, al-Malik see al-Malik al-Ankūr
ʿAnnāz see Abū l-Shawk Fāris ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAnnāz
Annianus of Alexandria, late-antique chronographer
5.1.8.2n
Anqīlāwus, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.2
ʿAntar(ah) ibn Shaddād al-ʿAbsī, pre-Islamic poet, hero of popular epic
10.69.1
al-ʿAntarī see Ibn al-Ṣāʾigh
Antigonus, addressee of a letter attributed to Diocles of Carystus
4.1.9.2n
Antimachus, legendary physician of antiquity
3.2
Antipater, student of Aristotle
4.6.2.2; 4.6.6.1
Antipater of Halasarna, 2nd-c. AD physician
4.1.11.2n
Antipater of Maṣṣīṣā (Mopsuestia), 2nd-c. AD physician
4.1.11.2
Antiphon, legendary physician of antiquity
3.3
Antisthenes, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 10
Antoninus, 2nd-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2 (confusion between Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, cf. 5.1.25); 5.1.9 (his change of name); 5.1.11
Antyllus, 2nd-c. Greek physician
6.5.2
Anūshirwān see Kisrā Anūshirwān
Apellicon of Teos, purchaser of the works of Aristotle
4.6.13.2
Apollo, early expert on medicine and originator of Greek writing
2.1.2 (god at Rome); 2.2
Apollonius (? name uncertain), brother of Andromachus the Younger
1.8
Apollonius, pupil of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1
Apollonius (perh. of Alexandria, or of Citium), physician of antiquity
4.1.10.3; 4.1.10.5; 4.1.11.2
Apollonius (of Perga, Greek astronomer and geometer, d. ca. 190 BC)
10.3.14 no. 136
Apollonius of Tyana, Neopythagorean holyman and philosopher of 1st-c. AD, authority on occult in later traditions
5.1.8.2; 9.15n; 14.22.3.2n; 14.22.4.2 nos. 2, 12
Aqish (or Āqish), unidentified
15.51.10.3
ʿArafah, unidentified grammarian of Damascus
10.69.4 no. 4
Arbad ibn Rabīʿah, brother of the pre-Islamic poet Labīd
10.51,3
Archelaus, late-antique physician
6.1.1
Archigenes, Pneumatist physician under Trajan
4.1.10.3; 4.1.11.2
Archigenes, friend of Socrates
4.4.4 no. 65
Archimedes, Hellenistic Greek scientist
9.26n; 10.4.9 no. 20; 14.22.4.2 no. 25; 14.22.5.2 no. 43; 5.2 nos. 42, 43
Archipolis, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Archytas, philosopher of Tarentum
4.3.6.1
Ardashīr (Artaxerxes), Persian king
4.1.5
Ardashīr ibn Bābak, founder of the Sasanid dynasty (d. AD 242)
8.20.6
Aristippus the Elder, student of Socrates and founder of the Cyrenaic school of philosophy
4.3.6.2
Aristippus the Younger, grandson of Aristippus the Elder
4.3.6.2
Aristomenes, friend of Aristotle
4.6.6.1
Ariston, father of Plato
4.5.2
Aristotle, Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3; 4.1.11.4; 4.6; 5.1.26; 5.1.32; 5.1.37 nos. 46, 62; 6.2 (list of works commented on by John the Grammarian); 8.29.6n; 8.29.22n; 10.1.4; 10.1.14 nos. 5, 6, 28; 10.2.4 nos. 51, 52; 10.3.14 nos. 5, 6, 8, 10, 90, 144; 10.21; 10.22.4 no. 2; 10.23.3 nos. 1, 2, 4; 10.37.2; 10.37.5 nos. 1–9; 10.46.1; 10.64.15; 11.2; 11.5.8n; 11.5.23.5; 11.5.25 nos. 5n, 7, 8, 9, 76; 11.8.6 nos. 7n, 15n; 13.39.1; 13.59.4 (Ibn Bājjah’s commentaries) nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; 13.65; 13.66.6 (Ibn Rushd’s commentaries) nos. 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 27, 28, 31, 33, 39; 14.22.1; 14.22.4.1; 14.22.4.3 nos. 1, 2, 4, 11, 20, 22, 42; 14.22.5.1 nos. 1, 2, 16, 17; 14.22.5.2 no. 68n; 14.25.2; 14.25.5; 14.25.9 nos. 27, 76, 77n; 15.1.1.3; 15.1.2; 15.1.3.2; 15.1.3.3; 15.40.1; 15.40.8 no. 88.
Treatises specified: 9.13n; 9.37n; 14.21 no. 5 (doubts about On Vision); 14.22.4.1; 14.22.5.1 nos. 1, 16, 17 (various paraphrases); 14.30; 15.1.5 nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 31, 41, 43, 72, 74, 78, 81, 87, 97, 98, 102, 104, 108, 109; 15.40.9 nos. 40, 41; 15.51.1
Cited in poetry: 8.30; 11.19; 13.58; 15.17; AII.1(p)
Aristoxenus, pupil of Aristotle
4.3.4.3n; 4.6.3.4
Arius, nicknamed ‘the Critic’, physician of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Armīnus, 5.1.21.1 (confusion of Herminus and Albinus)
al-ʿArqalah Abū l-Nadā Ḥassān ibn Numayr al-Kalbī, poet (6th/12th c.)
15.8.2
Arsenius see Akhū l-Sayyidah
Artaxerxes see Ardashīr
Artemon, 2nd-c. grammarian from Cassandreia
4.6.13.2n
al-ʿArūḍī see Abū l-Ḥusayn al-ʿArūḍī
al-ʿArzamī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, early Abbasid poet
8.29.15n
Asad al-Dīn, known as Shīrkūh, one of the last viziers of Fatimid Egypt (d. 564/1169)
14.36.2
Asʿad al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Abī l-Ḥasan see Asʿad al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥasan
Asʿad al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥasan (Asʿad al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Abī l-Ḥasan) (570–635/1174–1237), one of a family of Egyptian physicians, acquainted with IAU
4.31.3; 14.54.6, 10; 14.54.6,10; 14.57
al-Asʿad al-Maḥallī, Asʿad al-Dīn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq, 13th-c. Jewish physician
14.42; 15.47.3 no. 6
Aṣbagh ibn Yaḥyā al-Ṭabīb, Andalusian physician
13.26
Asclepiades, late 2nd/early 1st-c. BC physician at Rome
4.1.11.2; 5.1.37 no. 108
Asclepiades the Second, physician of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Asclepiads, ancient Greek physicians claiming descent from or adherence to Asclepius
1.1
Asclepius, Greek god of healing
1.6; 2.1; 2.1.2 (temple at Rome and divinity); 5.1.9 (temple at Rome); 11.5.2
Asclepius the Second, legendary ancient Greek physician
3.2; 3.5; 3.6
al-Asfizārī see Najm al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Sharaf al-Dīn
al-Aʿshā see Maymūn ibn Qays ibn Thaʿlabah
al-Aʿshā, name of several poets
11.9.2.5n
al-Ashʿath ibn Qays ibn Maʿdī Karib, chieftain of clan Kindah (d. 40/661)
10.1.2
al-Ashtar see Mālik ibn al-Hārith al-Nakhaʿi
ʿĀṣim ibn Thābit ibn Abi l-Aflaḥ al-Anṣārī, one of the Anṣār
7.2.3
ʿĀṣim ibn ʿUmar ibn Qatādah, transmitter
7.2.3
al-ʿAskarī, Abū Aḥmad, philologist, lexicographer (d. 382/993)
10.1.13
al-ʿAskarī, Abū Hilāl, philologist (d. after 395/1005)
7.1.6n; 7.5.5n; 8.3.19n; 8.29.22n; 15.40.9 no. 30
al-Aṣmaʿī, philologist (d. 213/828)
14.55.2n
al-Asṭurlābī see al-Badīʿ al-Asṭurlābī
ʿĀtikah bint Zayd ibn ʿAmr ibn Nufayl, wife of al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām, poet
7.5.5
Atsiz ibn Muḥammad ibn Anūshtigīn, founded dynasty of the Khwārazm-Shāhs (reg. 521–551/1127–1172), great-grandfather of ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad
11.19.6.2
Atsiz ibn Uvak, Turkoman chief
14.50n
Augustus (formerly Octavian), Roman emperor
5.1.8.1; 5.1.21.2; 15.1.2
Aulinus, physician of late antiquity
4.1.11.2
Autolycus, author of Moving Sphere
14.22.3.2n; 15.31.6n
Avicenna see Ibn Sīnā
ʿAwānah ibn al-Ḥakam, 2nd/8th-c. historian
7.5.6
ʿAwf, of the tribe of Jaʿfar ibn Kilāb
15.8.4(p)
Awḥad al-Zamān see Abū l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī
ʿAwn Allāh ibn Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀzār al-Israʾīlī, physician in the service of al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh (d. 363/973)
14.9
ʿAwn al-ʿIbādī al-Jawharī, governor of al-Ḥīrah under Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.7; 8.3.16
Aws ibn Rabīʿah ibn Muʿattib, one of the ancestors of the Banū Kunnah subtribe
7.1.6n
Aʿyan ibn Aʿyan, Egyptian physician (d. 385/995)
14.13
Aybak see al-Malik al-Muʿizz ʿIzz al-Dīn Aybak
al-ʿAynzarbī see Ibn al-ʿAynzarbī
Ayyūb, known as al-Abrash see Ayyūb al-Ruhāwī al-Abrash
Ayyūb ibn al-Ḥakam al-Baṣrī, known as al-Kasrawī, unidentified source
8.19.3; 8.19.4; 8.19.5
Ayyūb al-Ruhāwī (Job of Edessa) al-Abrash, Syriac polymath, Christian physician and translator of Galen (d. ca. 835)
5.1.37 no. 115; 8.22; 9.7; 9.25; 10.22
al-Azdī, Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Abū l-Muṭahhar, 4th–5th/10th–11th-c. author
4.26.8n; 7.9.2n
al-ʿAzīz or al-ʿAzīz bi-Allāh, fifth Fatimid caliph (reg. 364–385/975–96)
4.10; 8.5.3; 10.48; 14.10; 14.13; 14.14.3; 14.15; 14.16; 14.21; 14.40.1n; 14.47.2n; 14.54.3n; AII.11
al-ʿAzīz ibn al-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn (reg. 589–595/1193–1198), son of Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn
14.37; 14.44.2; 15.40.4; 15.51.1; 15.51.9 no. 123n; AII.11
al-Azraq, secretary of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
8.29.6
ʿAzūr ibn al-Ṭayyib al-Baladī al-Yahūdī
10.46.4 no. 14
Bābak, head of the Persian Khurramī religious and social movement, rebel against caliphs al-Maʾmūn and al-Muʿtaṣim (d. 223/838)
8.11; 8.20.11n
al-Badīʿ ʿAbd al-Razzāq ibn Aḥmad ibn al-Khiḍr al-ʿĀmirī, Abū l-Qāsim, poet of unknown date
15.23.4.2
Badīʿ al-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ Manṣūr ibn Abī l-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Dāʾim al-Wāsiṭī, known as Ibn Sawād al-ʿAyn, transmitter
10.68.2.1; 10.68.2.2; 10.68.2.3
al-Badīʿ (or Badīʿ al-Zamān) al-Asṭurlābī, Abū l-Qāsim Hibat Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Aḥmad, physician and poet (d. 534/1139)
10.64.2n, 10.67; 10.68.2.4; 10.68.4
Badīʿ al-Zamān al-Hamadhānī (d. 398/1008), originator of the genre of maqāmah
10.67
al-Badīhī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad, 4th/10th-c. poet
11.7
Badr al-Dīn Abū l-ʿIzz Yūsuf ibn Makkī, known as Ibn al-Sinjārī
10.66.8; 10.81.3
Badr al-Dīn ibn Qāḍī Baʿlabakk, physician, transmitter
15.37.1, 15.50.6; 15.52
Badr al-Dīn Luʾluʾ (Badr al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍāʾil al-Malik al-Raḥīm), freedman who became regent of Mosul in 607/1210–1211 (d. 657/1259)
10.81.2; 10.83.3
Badr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Bahrām al-Samarqandī see al-Samarqandī, Badr al-Dīn
Badr al-Muʿtaḍidī, commander-in-chief of al-Muʿtaḍid
10.2.3.1; 10.3.6; 10.4.5
al-Bahāʾ, musician
15.51.1
Bahāʾ al-Dawlah see Manṣūr ibn Dubays
Bahāʾ al-Dīn
11.19.7 no. 22
Bahāʾ al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Sāʿātī, poet, brother of physician Fakhr al-Dīn Riḍwān
15.29
Bahāʾ al-Dīn Abū l-Thanāʾ Maḥmūd ibn Abī l-Faḍl Manṣūr ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Ismāʿīl al-Ṭabarī al-Makhzūmī, judge and physician – 15.39 (601/1204–1205)
1.9
Bahāʾ al-Dīn Ibn Shaddād
(d. 632/1234–1235), military judge and biographer of Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn 15.40.3
Bahāʾ al-Dīn ibn Nafādah? = adīb and poet Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Ibn Nafādah
Bahlawān, House of, Ildegizid or Eldigüzid dynasty in Azerbaijan
11.21
Bahmanyār (Abū l-Ḥasan Bahmanyār ibn al-Marzubān), pupil of Ibn Sīnā (d. 456/1067)
11.13.8 no. 41; 15.40.3
Bahrām Gūr (Bahrām V) (reg. 420–438), fifteenth Sasanid king of Persia
11.1
al-Bājī see ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn Maslamah
Bajkam, Abū l-Ḥasan (recte Abū l-Ḥusayn), military commander (d. 319/941)
10.4.8; 10.4.9 no. 4; 10.5.4
Bākahr, an otherwise unrecorded Indian physician and scholar
12.2
Bakhtiyār see ʿIzz al-Dawlah Bakhtiyār
al-Bakrī, Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz see Abū ʿUbayd al-Bakrī
al-Balādhurī, Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā, historian
7.5.6n; 7.6n
Baldwin, Prince, son of Amalric, Baldwin IV of Jerusalem, leprous (reg. 1174–1183)
14.49.3
Baldwin V of Jerusalem, son of Baldwin IV
14.49.3n
al-Bālisī, physician during Ikshidid dynasty (active 355/966)
14.8
Balīṭīyān see Politianus
al-Balkhī, Abū Zayd Aḥmad b. Sahl see Abū Zayd al-Balkhī
Balmuẓaffar ibn Muʿarrif see Bulmuẓaffar ibn Muʿarrif
al-Bandahī, unidentified singer
15.23.4.2(p)
Bānū, a sister of the caliph Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.25.6
Banū ʿAbd al-Dār, a subclan of Quraysh, to which al-Naḍr ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah al-Thaqafī belonged
7.2.1n; 7.2.3
Banū Awd, tribe of Zaynab
7.10
Banū Fazārūn. A secretarial family under the early Abbasids
8.21
Banū l-Ḥārith
14.30n
Banū l-Ḥārith al-Aṣghar ibn Muʿāwiyah
10.1.3
Banū Hāshim, Hāshimites (descendants of Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf; the Abbasids)
10.1.4; 10.4.5
Banū Ḥayyūn, mentioned as students of Abū l-Faraj ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
Banū Hūd, rulers in Saragossa, Murcia and Seville
13.57; 13.63.8.2n
Banū l-ʿIbād, the Christian Arab community of al-Ḥīrah
8.29.1
Banū Jaʿfar ibn Kilāb
15.8.4n
Banū Khālid, family of Umayyad clients in Cordova
13.12
Banū Khāqān
10.8.7
Banū Kunnah, a clan of the tribe Thaqīf
7.1.6
Banū Makhzūm, an important clan of Quraysh
7.5.3
Banū l-Munajjim, Zoroastrian family, courtiers al-Manṣūr (reg. 136–158/754–75), sponsors of translation movement
9.41n
Banū l-Mundhir, pre-Islamic Lakhmid dynasty of al-Ḥīrah
8.3.16
Banū Munqidh, clan of Syria who played a significant political role during the Ayyubid period
14.33.3n
Banū Mūsā ibn Shākir, three brothers (Muḥammad, Aḥmad, al-Ḥasan) prominent in the intellectual life of Baghdad 3rd/9th-c.
9.15n; 9.27n; 9.40; 10.1.7; 10.3.14 no. 83; 14.22.5.2 no. 73; 15.46.1
Banū Shākir, relatives of Abū Shākīr ibn Abī Sulayman and Rashīd al-Dīn Abū Ḥulayqah
8.29.5; 14.51.1n; 14.54.4; 14.54.13
Banū l-Ṣūfī
15.8.1; 15.8.4; 15.8.5(p)
Banū Umayyah, a clan of the tribe Quraysh, the first Muslim dynasty after the time of the four ‘rightly guided’ caliphs
7.2.1
Banū Yanāqī, Sevillian family
13.63.4
Bāqil, figure proverbial for his inarticulateness
15.31.2n
Baqiyyah ibn al-Walīd, transmitter
10.2.2.1
Baqqah (‘Bug’), Abū Mūsā the Physician known as
10.8.5
Bar Bahlūl, author of Syriac lexicon and translator
6.5.1; 8.29.22n
Bar Hebraeus (Abū l-Faraj ibn al-ʿIbrī), Syriac Orthodox historian, philosopher and translator (d. 685/1286)
4.5.4n; 8.11n; 8.24n; 8.26.6n; 8.29.1n; 8.29.12n; 8.29.17n; 9.16n; AII.5
Barak the Judge, ancient Hebrew hero
2.2
Barmakids, Iranian family of secretaries and viziers under early Abbasid caliphs
8.2n; 8.3.2n; 8.3.9n; 8.3.22; 8.8.2n; 8.20.4n; 8.25.7n; 8.29.2n; 8.29.22n; 12.2n; 12.3; 12.5; 12.6n
al-Barqī see Abū Bakr al-Barqī
Barzawayh (Barzūyah, Barzōē), Physician to Chosroës I Anūsharwān
11.2
Bashīr ibn al-Samaydaʿ, brother of Bishr ibn al-Samaydaʿ al-Azdī
8.20.10
al-Basbāsī see al-Shabānisī
Basīl al-Muṭrān, translator
9.18
al-Battānī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Jābir ibn Sinān (d. 317/929), astrologer and mathematician
13.5.1; 13.5.1 no. 2
al-Battī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad, transmitter
15.46.2
Baybars see al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn Baybars
Bayḍ al-Baghl (Mule’s Balls) see Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl
al-Bayhaqī, Ẓahīr al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Zayd ibn Funduq, Persian author of Tatimmat Ṣiwān al-Ḥikmah (d. 565/1169–1170)
5.1.5; 8.3.9n; 8.4.7n
al-Bayyāsī (or al-Bayāsī), Amīn al-Dīn Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā ibn Ismāʿīl al-Andalusī, Egyptian physician in Damascus, teacher of Asʿad al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥasan
14.57.1; 15.8.4; 15.14; 15.17
Bhela, author of a Sanskrit medical compendium (Saṃhitā)
12.6n
Binyāmīn, teacher of Abū Bishr Mattā ibn Yūnān
10.21
al-Bīrūnī, Abū l-Rayḥān, polymath (d. ca. 442/1050)
4.1.2n; 4.3.4.3n; 4.5.1n; 8.4.11; 11.13.8 nos. 42, 42; 11.15
Bishr ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kātib, unidentified
10.69.3.7
Bishr ibn Bīshī, known as Ibn ʿAnāyā al-Isrāʾīlī
10.23.3
Bishr ibn Ḥaḍram al-Kalāʿī (?Bishr ibn Ḥiẓrim al-Kalbī)
15.25
Bishr ibn al-Samaydaʿ al-Azdī, governor of Balad under al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20.10
al-Biṭrīq, Christian translator under al-Manṣūr
8.29.8; 9.31
Boethus, Flavius – 2nd-c. Roman senator
5.1.10.1; 5.1.25; 5.1.37 nos. 27, 28, 37
Bonus, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Bradua, Ti. Claudius Bradua Regillus Atticus, Roman consul
5.1.12.2
al-Buḥturī, poet (d. 284/897)
10.68.1.4n; AII.3.1
al-Buḥturī see also al-Walīd
al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad, compiler of one of the canonical collections of Hadith (al-Ṣaḥīḥ)
8.13.4n; 8.26.8n
Bukhtīshūʿ ibn Jibrīl, member of family of Christian physicians (d. 257/870)
8.3.6; 8.3.22; 8.4; 8.5.2n; 8.8.6n; 8.12.2n; 8.26.8; 8.29.10n; 8.29.13; 8.29.16; 9.30n; 9.49
Bukhtīshūʿ ibn Jūrjis, physician to Hārūn al-Rashīd
5.1.16.5; 8.2; 8.3.2n
Bukhtīshūʿ ibn Yūḥannā, physician to al-Muqtadir bi-Allāh and al-Rāḍī bi-Allāh
8.33
Bulmuẓaffar ibn Muʿarrif (Bulmuẓaffar Naṣr ibn Maḥmūd ibn al-Muʿarrif), Egyptian physician and poet (active 534/1140)
11.5.15; 11.5.21; 14.30
Būlus ibn Ḥanūn, physician in entourage of Abū Dulaf
8.20.10; 8.20.11
Bunān al-Raṣāṣī, chief servant of al-Muʿtaḍid
10.5.3; 10.10.5
al-Bundahī, Badīʿ al-Dīn, poet known to IAU
11.19.6.2
Buqrāṭ see Hippocrates
Burhān al-Dīn, vizier of Ayyubid emir ʿIzz al-Dīn al-Muʿaẓẓamī
15.49.6.2
Burhān al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl Sulaymān see al-Sharīf al-Kaḥḥāl
al-Burhān al-Munajjim, father of ibn al-Khiḍr al-Ḥalabī
10.67.3
al-Burjī, al-Ahzal Aḥmad ibn Isḥāq, named by Ibn Mandawayh al-Iṣfahānī
11.16 no. 1.39
Buskhunnar, Khorasanian chieftain and rebel (active 141/758–759)
8.10.3
Byzantines (Rūm, Banū l-Aṣfar)
11.13.7.9(p); 13.21.1; 13.58.4.3; 13.58.4.6(p)
Caesar see Julius Gaius Caesar
Callisthenes, ancient Greek historian
4.6.2.1
Cambyses, Persian Emperor, son of Cyrus
4.3.4.3
Cāṇakya see Shānāq
Caraka (also Sharak, Sīrk, or Jarak)– Indian physician, author of Carakasaṃhitā
12.2 no. 1
Cassius the Egyptian, 5th-c. AD physician
4.1.11.2
Chaldaeans (al-Kaldāniyyūn), part of the Nabataeans (Nabaṭ) of pre-Islamic Iraq
1.1; 1.2; 1.5; 4.3.4.1; 8.29.6
Chosroes see Kisrā
Christ see al-Masīḥ
Christians/Christianity
4.6.3.3; 4.6.7.1; 4.8.1; 5.1.8.2; 5.1.12.3 (continence); 5.1.13 (‘double bliss’); 5.1.14 (intransigence); 5.1.21.2; 6.1.2–3 (Trinitarian disputes); 6.5.1; 7.2.1; 7.4; 7.5.1; 7.5.2; 7.6; 8.1.2; 8.3.17; 8.6; 8.7; 8.15.2; 8.20.1; 8.20.5; 8.25.2; 8.26.3; 8.26.8; 8.29.1; 8.29.3; 8.29.6; 8.29.9; 8.29.12; 8.29.15; 8.29.16; 8.29.17; 9.42; 10.8.10; 10.10.3; 10.21; 10.22; 10.23.1; 10.37.1; 10.37.3; 10.38.1; 10.44.1; 10.54.1; 10.58.3; 10.59.1; 10.63.1; 10.63.2; 10.64.13; 10.64.16; 10.77.1; 10.78; 11.1; 11.8.2; 11.8.6 no. 2; 11.12; 11.13.7.7; 11.13.7.9; 13.13; 13.14; 13.15; 13.20; 13.21.1; 13.21.2.2; 13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.2; 13.36.2.3; 13.65; 14.1; 14.4.1; 14.6; 14.7; 14.11; 14.12; 14.15; 14.16; 14.49.1; 14.49.3; 14.54.9; 14.56.1; 15.1.2; 15.1.3.1; 15.3.1; 15.15; 15.23.1; 15.23.1.2; 15.23.2; 15.23.2.2; 15.26;15.27; 15.28; 15.40. 9 nos. 93, 94; 15.43.1; 15.43.3; 15.60.1; see also al-Masīḥ
Christodulos of Caesarea, Christodulos II ibn Sahl (?)
14.10n
Chrysermus, physician of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Chrysippus, 3rd-c. BC Stoic philosopher
4.1.11.3
Claudius, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.1
Cleinias of Tarentum, Pythagorean philosopher
4.3.6.2n
Cleomyttades, ancestor of Hippocrates
4.1.1
Cleopatra, Ptolemaic queen of Egypt (d. 30 BC), supposed author on cosmetics and medical/alchemical matters
4.1.11.2; 5.1.21.1 (teacher of Galen); 15.1.2 (‘the woman’)
Commodus, 2nd-c. Roman emperor
5.1.9; 5.1.12.2
Conius Megillus, fabricator of works allegedly by Pythagoras
4.3.6.2
Constantius, Emperor
14.25.2n
Coronis, mother of Asclepius by the god Apollo
2.1.6.1n
Creophylus, ancestor of Hermodamus
4.3.4.2
Crisamis, Greek king of antiquity, ancestor of Hippocrates
4.1.1
Crito, court physician of the emperor Trajan
4.1.10.5
Crito, friend of Socrates
4.4.2.3
Cronus, father of the younger generation of gods in Greek mythology
4.5.2n
Cylon, enemy of Pythagoras
4.3.4.3
Cyrus, founder of the Persian Empire
4.3.4.3
Ḍaḥḥāk (Arabic form of the Persian Dahhāk, Zahhāk, or Zuhāk), tyrannical king from Persian mythology
11.19.6.2
Dahīn al-Lawz, daughter of Damascene singer
15.56.1
Dāhir, otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
Dahishtak, superintendent of the Gondēshāpūr hospital in the reign of the caliph Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.25.8
al-Dakhwār see Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī
Damascius, 5th–6th-c. AD Neoplatonist philosopher
4.1.11.3n
Damon the Logician, 5th–4th-c. BC Sophist
4.1.11.3
al-Dānī see Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Dānī
Dānīl and Saʿdūn, brothers-in-law of Saʿīd ibn Ghālib, physician to al-Muʿtaḍid
10.10.5
Dāniyāl the Physician, physician in service of Muʿīzz al-Dawlah
10.27
Dāniyal, brother-in-law of the physician Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
8.26.8
Daqyūs (Decius), pupil of Abū l-Ḥakam al-Maghribī
15.8.15
Dārā (Darius), Arabic name of several Achaemenid rulers
1.4; 4.1.5; 4.5.1; 11.19
Dārā ibn Sām, Darius III, last Achaemenid king of Persia (reg. 336–330 BC)
5.1.8.1, 11.19.6.2
al-Dārimī see Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Khalaf
Darius see Dārā
al-Darkazīnī, ʿImād al-Dīn Abū l-Barakāt ibn Salamah, vizier under the Seljuq ruler Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad ibn Malikshāh (d. 521/1127)
10.64.19.2
Dāʾūd see Dāwūd
David, King, father of Solomon
1.4
al-Dawlaʿī see al-Khaṭīb al-Dawlaʿī
Dāwūd ibn Daylam, physician
10.12.2; 10.15
Dāwūd ibn Ḥunayn, physician son of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
8.29.8
Dāwūd ibn Rushayd, muḥaddith
7.1.5
Dāwūd ibn Sarābiyūn (or Sarāfīyūn), acc. to IAU brother of the physician Yūḥannā ibn Sarābiyūn, but probably courtier of al-Hādī (late 2nd/8th-c.)
8.2; 8.3.10n; 8.29.3n; 9.49n
Dāwūd al-Mutaṭabbib see Dāwūd ibn Sarābiyūn
Dāwūd Shāh see al-Malik ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Dāwūd ibn Bahrām
Dāwūd al-Ṭāʾī, traditionist
15.51.7
Daylam, physician
10.14
Daylamites, Iranian people originally from the Gīlān region
8.5.2; 8.5.3; 8.5.4; 8.5.5; 10.4.9 no. 8
Demeter, in Greek mythology, the goddess of harvests
2.1.6.3; 4.3.2
Demetrius, devout man of Croton
4.3.4.3
Democrates the Second, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.5
Democritus of Abdera, late-5th-c. founder of Atomist philosophy
4.1.2; 4.1.11.3; 4.7n
Demophilus, Athenian hierophant
4.6.2.1n
Dexippus, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
al-Dhahabī see Abū Jaʿfar al-Dhahabī
Dhū l-Kifl, mentioned in the Qurʾan
15.17(p)
Dhū l-Rummah, poet (d. 117/735–736)
AII.10
Dhū Yazan, pre-islamic Yemenite maker of spears
15.8.5n
Diocles, Dogmatic physician of late antiquity
3.4; 4.1.9.2n
Diocles, 3rd–2nd-c. BC mathematician and geometer
4.1.11.3
Diogenes, Greek Cynic philosopher
4.1.11.3; 5.1.32
Diogenes, nutritionist of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Diogenes Laërtius, 3rd-c. AD biographer of Greek philosophers
4.6.2.1n; 4.6.6.1n; 4.6.6.2n; 4.6.13.1n
Dionysius, tyrant of Sicily
4.5.2
Dionysus – Greek god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine
2.1.6.2
Diophantus
14.22.5.2 no. 91
Dioscorides, Greek pharmacologist (d. ca. 90)
1.7n; 1.11; 2.1.6.2; 3.2; 3.3; 4.1.11.1 (summary of book); 9.19n; 5.1.32; 5.1.37 no. 44n; 13.36.1; 13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.3; 13.36.2.4; 13.36.3 nos. 1, 2; 13.86.3 no. 1; 14.25.2; 14.58.1; 14.58.2; 14.58.4 no. 2; 15.10; 15.40.9 nos. 113, 114
Dioscorides the Oculist, late-antique physician
5.2.1
Dioscorides the Younger, 2nd-c. AD grammarian
4.1.10.4
Dioscorus, mid-5th-c. Patriarch of Alexandria
6.1.3
Dioteles, friend of Aristotle
4.6.6.1
Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn ibn al-Athīr (558–559/1163–636–637/1239), literary critic
15.31.6n
Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn ibn al-Bayṭār see Ibn al-Bayṭār
Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn ibn Ṣaqar (or Ṣaqr) – unidentified transmitter
15.18
Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn ʿUmar al-Rāzī, father of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī, authority on Islamic law
11.19.4
Dogmatists see Analogists
Domitian, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Dracon, son of Hippocrates
4.1.2; 4.1.10.1
Dubays ibn Ṣadaqah, Mazyadid ruler (reg. 501–529/1108–1135)
10.65
al-Dunaysirī see ʿImād al-Dīn al-Dunaysirī
Durrī, a slave or servant
15.47.2.1(p)
Egyptians, Ancient
1.1; 1.5; 2.1.3; 2.1.4; 4.3.1; 4.3.4.1; 4.3.4.2; 4.5.2
Elias, Jewish prophet
15.51.7
Elias, Christian priest see Iliyyāʾ
Elias of Nisibis, 11th c., brother of Zāhid al-ʿUlamāʾ, metropolitan of Nisibis, chronographer
5.1.7; 9.16n
Elijah of Nisibis
9.16n
Elishaʿ see al-Yasaʿ
Empedocles of Agrigentum, Presocratic philosopher
4.1.11.3; 4.1.11.4; 4.2; 4.3.1
Empiricists, school of ancient Greek physicians
1.1; 1.8; 3.1–3; 4.1; 10.4
Ephorus, Greek historian
4.6.4.1
Epicurus, Athenian philosopher
4.6.3.1
Epicurus, physician of antiquity
3.3; 3.4
Epigenes, addressee of Galen’s On Prognosis
5.1.28
Erasistratus, 3rd-c. BC anatomist
3.2; 4. 5.1.10.1; 5.1.37 no. 20 (with note); 5.1.37 no. 28
Eubulus of Bithynia, 4th-c. BC ruler of lands in Asia Minor
4.6.2.1n
Euclid, Greek geometrician
4.1.11.3;4.5.1n; 9.12; 10.1.14 nos. 85, 95; 10.3.14 nos. 59, 60, 87; 10.67.4.1(p); 11.5.25 no. 18; 11.13.2.5; 11.13.3.2 no. 29; 11.13.3.10; 11.13.8 no. 65; 11.19.7 no. 41; 13.6.1.1; 14.22.2; 14.22.3.2; 14.22.4.2 nos. 1, 2, 4, 5, 24; 14.22.5.1 no. 18; 14.22.5.2 nos. 2, 39, 40, 55, 56; 14.22.5.2 no. 85n; 15.1.5 no. 52; 15.7(p); 15.31.6 nos. 7, 8; 15.33; 15.60.1
Eudemus, 2nd-c. Peripatetic philosopher
5.1.25
Eudemus of Rhodes, pupil of Aristotle
4.1.11.3; 4.6.3.4; 4.6.13.1 no. 36; 14.25.5 no. 7
Eudemus, 1st-c. AD ophthalmologist
4.1.11.2; 4.1.11.3
Eugenianus, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 20
Eumenes, pupil of Aristotle
4.6.3.4
Eunostus, brother of Pythagoras
4.3.4.1
Euphanes, Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3
Eurymedon, Athenian hierophant
4.6.2.1
Eusebius of Caesarea, 4th-c. bishop, chronographer and apologist
5.1.8.1; 4.6.2.1n
Eusebius of Dorylaeum, 5th-c. bishop
6.1.3
Eustathius, pupil of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1; 4.1.10.1n
Eustathius, circle of al-Kindī, see Usṭāth
Eutyches, 5th-c. Constantinopolitan archimandrite misidentified with John Philoponus/John the Grammarian
6.1.3
Eutychius see Saʿīd ibn al-Biṭrīq
al-Faḍl ibn Jarīr al-Takrītī
10.39
al-Faḍl ibn al-Rabīʿ, vizier of caliphs Hārūn al-Rashīd and al-Amīn
8.3.4; 8.3.22; 8.25.2; 8.25.3; 8.25.4; 8.25.5
al-Faḍl ibn Sahl, vizier under the caliph al-Maʿmūn
8.20.7n
al-Faḍl ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khālid ibn Barmak, son of Yaḥyā ibn Khālid ibn Barmak
8.3.22; 8.25.7
al-Fāʾiz bi-Naṣr Allāh (Abū l-Qāsim ʿĪsā ibn al-Ẓāfir bi-Amr Allāh), ninth Fatimid caliph of Egypt
14.31.6
Fakhr al-Dawlah ibn al-Muṭṭalib, founder of Dār al-Dhahab law-college
15.40.2
Fakhr al-Dīn al-Māridīnī see al-Māridīnī, Fakhr al-Dīn
Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī, Ibn Khaṭīb al-Rayy (‘The Son of the Preacher of Rayy’), philosopher and theologian, author of the monumental Qurʾanic commentary Mafātīḥ al-ghayb
11.11 no. 1; 11.19; 11.20; 11.23; 15.1 no. 44; 15.19; 15.21; 15.30 no. 2; 15.31.6 nos. 5, 19; 15.40.9 nos. 19, 85; 15.52.1.1; 15.59 no. 1
Fakhr al-Dīn Riḍwān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Rustam al-Khurāsānī al-Sāʿātī, physician, clock-maker and littérateur
15.29
Fakhr al-Quḍāt ibn Buṣāqah see Ibn Buṣāqah
Fakhr al-Kuttāb Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī Ibrāhīm al-Juwaynī al-kātib, Ibn al-Luʿaybah see al-Juwaynī
Fannūn, Abū Naṣr, the Physician
10.30
al-Faʾr, al-Fār see Mouse
al-Fārābī, Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Ūzlūgh ibn Ṭarkhān, philosopher and scholar of music (ca. 256–338/870–950)
4.6.5.1; 4.6.13.1n; 10.22.1.2; 11.13.2.8; 13.59.2.3; 13.59.4 no. 14; 13.66.6 nos. 33, 46 14.22.4.1n; 14.25.2; 14.29.4 no. 3; 15.1; 15.17(p); 15.40.3; 15.40.9 no. 98, 119n; 141; 142; 15.51.4
Faraj, known as Abū Khurāsān, mawlā of Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Rashīd
8.3.15
al-Farazdaq (Hammām ibn Ghālib), Umayyad poet (d. 110/728)
14.55.2(p)
al-Farghānī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Kathīr, (d. after 247/861)
10.1.7
Farīd al-Dīn Dāmādh, scholar in Nishapur
15.19n
al-Fāriqī, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, poet (d. after 561/1166)
15.1n
al-Fāris see Abū l-Khayr ibn Abī Sulaymān Dāwūd, al-Fāris (the knight)
Fāris al-Dīn Maymūn al-Qaṣrī, Ayyubid emir (d. 611/1214)
15.23.2.2
al-Fārisī, Abū ʿAlī see Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn Aḥmad
Fasānjas [or Fasānajis] see Ibn Fasānjas
al-Fatḥ ibn Khāqān, held various posts under al-Muʿtaṣim, al-Wāthiq, al-Mutawakkil (d. 247/861)
7.1.5n; 8.4.7; 8.4.8n; 8.26.9; 8.26.12
Fatḥ al-Dīn ibn Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir, Egyptian physician
14.44.1n; 14.45; 14.46
Fathyūn al-Turjumān see Pethion the Translator
Fāṭimah Umm Muḥammad, daughter of Ghaḍīḍ
7.8, 8.3
Fatimids 13.2.2.1; 13.3.2.3
Favorinus of Arelate, 2nd-c. AD Roman philosopher
4.6.2.1n
Fayrūz (var. Fahrūn, Fahrūz)
10.8.10
Filio, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
al-Fīrūzābādī, Abū Ṭāhir Majīd al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb, 8th/14th-c. lexicographer
8.29.1n; 8.32.2n
Flavian, archbishop of Constantinople 446–449
6.1.3
Franks
10.83.3; 13.58.4.4; 14.49.2; 14.49.3; 15.11.2; 15.11.2.1; 13.58.4.4; 15.40.3; 15.45.2; 15.51.5
Frederick II (Emperor, ‘king of the Franks’)
10.83.3; 13.63.8.1n
Furāt ibn Shaḥāthā, Jewish physician serving ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā ibn Muḥammad
8.18.1; 8.18.2; 8.18.3; 8.18.4
Furius, physician of antiquity, pupil of Plato the Physician
3.5
Furnus, physician of antiquity, pupil of Plato the Physician
3.5
Gabriel (Archangel)
AII.3.3(p)
Gaius (Gaius Julius Caesar known as Caligula), 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.1
Galba, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Galen/Jālīnūs, physician to emperors Marcus Aurelius, Commodus, Septimius Severus
1.5n; 1.9; 4.8.1; 5.1; 5.1.2 (Seal of Physicians, rescues medicine from Methodism); 5.1.3–5.1.15 (rejection of John the Grammarian’s chronology); 5.1.3 (education, cf. 5.1.23–5.1.24.1–2); 5.1.4–5.1.5 (not contemporary with Christ); 5.1.5 (uncle of Paul); 5.1.12.3 (Christian continence); 5.1.14 (on Jews and Christians); 5.1.16.1–5 (house at Smyrna); 5.1.17 (under Nero acc. to Ibn Juljul); 5.1.18.1 (gladiatorial surgeon);5.1.19 (deals with charlatan); 5.1.21.1 (taught by Cleopatra; death, cf. 5.1.21.2); 5.1.22 (alleged cause of death); 5.1.30 (no fees); 5.1.31 (appearance); 5.1.32 (name); 5.1.34–5.1.36 (sayings); 5.1.37 (works); 5.1.38–39 (attributed); 6.2 (list of works commented on by John the Grammarian); 6.3.1–4 (works forming the Alexandrian curriculum); 8.29.14n; 9.1; 9.31n; 10.2.4 no. 45; 10.3.14 no. 22; 10.37.2; 10.46.1; 10.57; 10.66.1; 10.66.9 no. 3; 11.5.10; 11.5.23 no. 5; 11.5.25 nos. 17, 72, 92, 11.8.4; 11.8.6 no. 12; 11.12; 11.17; 13.1.3 nos. 10, 11, 12; 13.19.1; 13.24.3(p); 13.38.2; 13.39.1; 13.43; 13.44; 13.51.1; 13.51.4 nos. 4, 5; 13.54; 13.59.4 no. 20; 13.61.3.2(p); 13.61.4 no. 4; 13.66.6 nos. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23; 14.21 no. 2; 14.22.5.1 no. 21; 14.22.1; 14.22.4.1; 14.22.4.3 no. 44; 14.22.4.4; 14.22.4.3 no. 44.4(?); 14.22.4.3 no. 44.30; 14.25.2; 14.25.9 nos. 14, 50, 51; 14.27.1; 14.27.2; 14.32.4(p); 14.39.3(p); 14.43.1; 14.54.6; 14.54.12 (On Prognosis 6); 14.55.2(p); 14.56.1; 14.58.2; 15.1 nos. 41, 78; 15.17 no. 1; 15.40.8n; 15.40.9 nos. 88, 101, 112; 15.43.1; 15.50.3; 15.51.1; 15.52.1.1
Treatises (Arabic titles), significant discussion or citation
Abundance
10.3.14 no. 19
Acute Diseases
10.3.14 no. 18
Affected Locations/Parts
5.1.37 no. 15; 10.3.14. no. 115; 11.5.25 no. 43
Anatomical Procedures
5.1.37 no. 21
Anatomy of the Womb
10.3.14 no. 20
Art of Medicine
14.29.4 no. 2
Avoiding Distress
5.1.26; 5.1.37 no. 120
Bad Mixture
10.3.14 no. 17
Birth at Seven Months
10.3.14 no. 21
Black Bile
10.3.14 no. 16
Blood Vessels
5.1.37 no. 10
Bones
5.1.37 no. 7
Causes and Symptoms
5.1.37 no. 14; 10.37.5 no. 22; 11.5.25 no. 142; 14.43.3 no. 2; 15.39 no. 2; 15.43.1
Character Traits
5.1.6; 5.1.12.2; 10.16 nos. 1, 2
Classification of Diseases of Internal Parts
10.37.5 no. 23
Commentary on Hippocrates’ Aphorisms
5.1.37.no. 88; 10.56 no. 2; 10.64.20 no. 6; 11.5.25 no. 163
Commentary on Hippocrates’ Nature of the Embryo
5.1.37 no. 101
Commentary on Hippocrates’ Oath
1.1; 1.6; 2.1.6.1; 4.1.1; 4.1.2; 4.1.9.2 no. 26; 5.1.36 no. 11; 13.51.2
Commentary on Hippocrates’ Prognosis
10.64.20 no. 7
Composition of Drugs (‘by Groups and Varieties’, ‘by Places’)
5.1.37 no. 79; 10.57 no. 2; 14.25.9 nos. 48, 49
Critical Days/Crises
10.3.14 no. 110; 10.37.5 no. 27
Elements
5.1.37 no. 11; 10.3.14 no. 111; 10.37.5 no. 18; 14.25.9 no. 7
Examinations by Which the Best Physicians are Recognized
5.1.18.1–3; 5.1.29.1–3; 15.51.3
Fevers
10.37.5 no. 25
Glaucon
5.1.37 no. 6; 10.37.2; 10.37.5 no. 17; 10.57 no. 3; 13.51.4 no. 4; 14.25.9 nos. 4, 5, 6
Good and Bad Juices
5.1.24.1–2
Great Book of the Pulse
5.1.37 nos. 16, 66; 11.5.25 no. 141; 10.3.14 no. 80; 10.37.5 no. 24; 14.22.4.3 no. 44.13
Hippocratic commentaries
5.1.37 nos. 87–102, 155–157; 10.3.14 no. 29; 14.25.9 no. 26
Method of Healing
5.1.37 no. 20; 10.3.14 no. 89; 10.37.5 no. 28; 10.64.20 no. 8; 11.5.25 no. 140; 14.22.4.1; 14.25.9 no. 43; 15.43.1
Mixtures
10.37.5 no. 19; 14.25.9 no. 8
Muscles
5.1.37 no. 8
Natural Faculties
10.37.5 no. 20; 5.1.37 no. 13
Nutritive Properties
10.3.14 no. 84
Opinions of Hippocrates and Plato
Own Books (Pinax)
5.1.9; 5.1.10.1–2; 5.1.37 nos. 1, 92; 5.1.40; 11.5.25 no. 92
Phlebotomy
10.3.14 no. 28; 14.25.9 no. 46
Plethora
14.25.9 no. 45
Proof
5.1.37 no. 115
Purgatives
10.3.14 no. 114
Regimen of Health
10.37.5 no. 29; 14.25.9 no. 44
Sects
5.1.37 no. 3; 10.37.5 no. 14; 10.46.4 nos. 17, 18; 10.57 no. 3; 14.25.9 no. 1
Secret Remedies
5.1.39 no. 167
Simple Drugs
5.1.37 no. 53; 10.1.14 no. 157; 10.3.14 no. 15; 14.25.9 no. 47
Sixteen Books
6.3–4; 10.37.5 no. 30; 15.40.3; 14.39.4; 15.51.1
Small anatomy
10.37.5 no. 21
Small Art
5.1.37 no. 4; 10.37.5 no. 15; 10.57 no. 3; 14.25.9 nos. 2, 55
Small Pulse
5.1.37 no. 5; 10.3.14 no. 38; 10.37.5 no. 16; 10.57 no. 3; 14.25.9 no. 3
Substitute Drugs
10.64.20. no. 18
Summaries of Plato’s Books
5.1.37 no. 124
Use of the Parts
5.1.37 no. 49; 10.37.5 no. 41; 11.17 no. 5; 15.40.9 no. 43; 15.57.1
Cited in poetry: 5.1.33; 8.30; 13.24.3; 13.61; 14.32; 14.39; 14.55; 15.10; 15.17; 15.45.3; 15.50.6; 15.52.1.2; AII.1
‘Galen of the Arabs’ i.e. Abū Bakr al-Rāzī
11.5.2
Gallus of Emesa, physician of antiquity
3.6; 4.1.10.2; 4.1.11.2
Gayōmart, grandfather of Hermes in Persian tradition, identified with Adam
2.1.4
Geber see Jābir ibn Ḥayyān
Genghis Khan, Mongol ruler
11.19.5
Germans, enemy of Rome
5.1.9
Gessius, late-antique physician
4.1.11.3; 5.1.37 no. 101; 5.2.1; 6.1.1
al-Ghaḍanfar, Abū Taghlib Faḍl Allāh (d. 369/979), Ḥamdānid emir
15.3.1.3
Ghaḍīḍ, known as Umm Jaʿfar, favourite concubine of Hārūn al-Rashīd
7.3; 7.8; 8.3.10; 8.3.22n; 8.4.11; 8.25.8
al-Ghāfiqī, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Ghāfiqī, (d.ca. 560/1165), botanist and pharmacologist from al-Andalus
13.54; 14.58.2
Ghālib, physician of al-Muʿtaḍid (active 289/900)
8.32.2; 10.10
Ghassān ibn ʿAbbād, governor of Khorasan under al-Maʾmūn
8.21.1; 8.21.2; 8.21.3
Ghaṭafān, confederation of ancient Arabian tribes
8.13.2n
al-Ghazālī, Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Ṭūsī (d. 505/1111), philosopher and theologian
11.19.7 no. 3; 13.59.2.3; 13.81.2; 15.40.3
Ghiyāth al-Dīn, Muḥammad ibn Malik-Shāh Abū Shujāʿ Ghiyāth al-Dunyā wa-l-Dīn, Seljuq ruler (498–511/1105–1118)
10.64.19.16; 10.66.9 no. 2; 11.19.7 no. 23
Ghūrus, the second great physician of antiquity (after Asclepius)
2.2
Glaucon, philosopher friend and dedicatee of Galen
4.1.11.3; 5.1.32; 5.1.37 no. 6; 10.37.2
Glaucias of Tarentum, commentator on Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Gnosidicus, ancestor of Hippocrates
4.4.1
Gorgias, a physician of antiquity, pupil of Ghūrus
3.2
Greeks
2.1.1 (al-Yūnāniyyūn); 5.1.15 (Rūm as al-Gharīqiyyūn)
Gregorius, Methodist physician of antiquity
3.5
Gregory (of Nyssa) see Nemesius
Ḥabbūs ibn Māksan ibn Zīrī ibn Manād al-Ṣanhājī, first emir of the Zirid dynasty in Granada
13.6.1.2
al-Hādī, Abū Muḥammad Mūsā ibn al-Mahdī, Abbasid caliph (reg. 169–170/785–86)
8.2; 8.8.1; 8.8.2; 8.15.1n; 8.26.12n
Habīb al-ʿAjamī, traditionist
15.51.7
Hadrian, 2nd-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2; 5.1.25
al-Ḥafīd Abū Bakr ibn Zuhr see Ibn Zuhr, al-Ḥafīd Abū Bakr
al-Ḥāfiẓ li-Dīn Allāh (Abū l-Maymūn ʿAbd al-Majīd ibn al-Amīr Abī l-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn al-Imām al-Mustanṣir bi-Allāh), Fatimid caliph (d. 544/1149)
14.31.4;14.31.6
al-Ḥāfiẓ ibn ʿAsākir see Ibn ʿAsākir
al-Ḥāfiẓī, Zayn al-Dīn, see Zayn al-Dīn al-Ḥāfiẓī
al-Ḥajjāj ibn Maṭar (al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar), translator of Euclid (active 169–218/786–833)
8.29.5; 9.12
al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar see al-Ḥajjāj ibn Maṭar
al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf al-Thaqafī, Umayyad governor (ca. 41–95/661–714) loyal to caliphs ʿAbd al-Malik and al-Walīd
7.9.1; 7.9.2; 8.8.6n; 8.13.3n; 8.18.1; 8.18.4
al-Ḥakam ibn Muḥammad ibn Qanbar (or Qunbur) al-Māzinī, 3rd/9th-c. poet from Basra
8.7
Ḥakam al-Dimashqī, personal physician to Muʿāwiyah
7.7
al-Ḥakam II, al-Mustanṣir bi-Allāh, second Umayyad caliph of al-Andalus (reg. 350–366/961–76), 8.29; 13.5; 13.6.1.1; 13.18; 13.19.1; 13.19.2.1;13.19.3; 13.27.1; 13.28; 13.30; 13.31; 13.32; 13.33; 13.34.1; 13.36.2.4; 13.49; 13.59.2.1
al-Ḥākim, sixth Fatimid caliph (reg. 385–411/996–1021)
14.7; 14.16; 14.17; 14.18; 14;19; 14;20; 14.21; 14.22.3.1; 14.25.3
Ḥakīm al-Zamān see al-Jilyānī
al-Ḥallājī see Yaḥyā ibn Abī Ḥakīm
Ḥamdīn ibn Ubbā
13.12; 13.18
Ḥamdūn, Ibrāhīm, called Ḥamdūn (Ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Dāwūd ibn Ḥamdūn), courtier of caliphs al-Maʿmūn, al-Muʿtaṣim
8.4.7
Ḥāmid ibn al-ʿAbbās, vizier under al-Muqtadir
10.4.4.1
Ḥāmid ibn ʿAlī. Oculist. Brother of the famous physician Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī
15.50.1
Ḥammād ibn Isḥāq, musician (150–235/767–850)
7.10
Hammām ibn Ghālib, see al-Farazdaq
al-Ḥammār see Saʿīd ibn Fatḥūn al-Saraqusṭī
Ḥamzah ibn al-Ḥasan, unidentified physician
11.16 nos. 1.5, 1.21, 1.28, 1.29, 1.31
al-Ḥaqīr al-Nāfiʿ, Egyptian Jewish wound specialist (jarāʾiḥī) under al-Ḥākim
14.18
al-Ḥarastānī see Jamāl al-Dīn al-Ḥarastānī
al-Harawī, student of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
Ḥarb ibn Muḥammad, unidentified
7.1.5
al-Ḥarīrī, author of Maqāmāt (d. 516/1122)
15.40; 15.40n; 15.40.9 no. 26
al-Ḥarīsh, physician at the court of the caliph al-Muʿtaṣim (active 221/836)
8.26.10
al-Ḥārith al-Akbar, ancestor of al-Kindī
10.1.3
al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah al-Thaqafī, legendary Arab physician, contemporary of the prophet Muḥammad
7.1; 15.46.6n
al-Ḥārith ibn Buskhunnār, Khorasanian prince (141/758–759)
8.10.3
al-Ḥārithī, unidentified poet
15.37.2n
al-Ḥarrānī, Aḥmad ibn Yūnus ibn Aḥmad
10.9.1; 13.19
al-Ḥarrānī, ʿUmar ibn Yūnus ibn Aḥmad
13.19; 13.29.2
al-Ḥarrānī, Yūnus ibn Aḥmad
13.18; 13.19
Ḥarrānians see Ṣābiʾans
al-Ḥarsūn, administrator under al-Muqtadir
8.5.2
Harthamah ibn Aʿyan, surnamed ‘the unfortunate’ (al-mashʾūm), commander under al-Manṣūr
8.3.16; 8.10.3; 8.15.1
Hārūn ibn ʿAzūz ‘the Monk’, chronographer
5.1.7 (translation of the Torah into Greek)
Harūn ibn Mūsā al-Ushūnī, Andalusian physician
13.33
Hārūn ibn Sulaymān ibn al-Manṣūr, friend of the physician Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
8.26
Hārūn ibn Suwāratagin, Turkish officer
8.20.5n
Hārūn, a minor physician of Baghdad
11.5.25 no. 93
Hārūn al-Rashīd, Abbasid caliph (reg. 170–193/786–809)
5.1.16.2; 8.2; 8.3.15n 8.15.1n; 8.20.4n; 8.26.12n; 8.27.2n; 8.29.2n; 9.12n; 12.1n; 12.2 no. 3n; 12.5; 12.6; 14.1
Hārūt, mentioned with Mārūt in the Qurʾan (al-Baqarah 2:102) as fallen angels
10.68.2.2(p); 10.69.3.7(p); 15.56.1n
Ḥasan the physician
10.37.4
al-Ḥasan, physician to al-Muqtadir (295/908–320/932)
11.5.25 no. 93
al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī, famous preacher (d. 110/728)
15.51.7
al-Ḥasan al-Fasawī, physician under the Būyid dynasty
11.10
al-Ḥasan ibn al-ʿAbbās, known as al-Ṣanādīqī, unidentified historian
8.29.5
al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī Abū l-Jawāʾiz al-Wāsiṭī (d. 460/1067–1068), poet
10.64.19.7n
al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib, grandson of Muḥammad (d. ca. 49/669–670)
7.5.6
al-Ḥasan ibn al-Bahlūl al-Awānī l-Ṭīrhānī see Bar Bahlūl
al-Ḥasan ibn Bishr al-Dimashqī, satiric poet at the court of the Fatimid caliph al-ʿAzīz bi-Allāh
AII.11
al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Azdī, a source used by Ibn Juljul
7.1.6
al-Ḥasan ibn Isḥāq ibn Muḥārib al-Qummī
11.5.25 no. 122
al-Ḥasan ibn Makhlad ibn al-Jarrāḥ, vizier under al-Muʿtamid (d. 269/882)
8.4.7; 10.14.1; 10.14.2.1; 10.14.2.2; 10.44.5 nos. 3, 20
al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Yaḥyā, student of al-Kirmānī
13.9
al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭūsī al-Tamīmī, known as al-Abaḥḥ (‘the hoarse’), astrologer favoured by Ghaḍīḍ
7.8.2; 8.3.10
al-Ḥasan ibn Quraysh, early 3rd/9th-c. physician
8.15.1
al-Ḥasan ibn Sahl, governor of Iraq under al-Maʾmūn
8.3.5; 9.32
al-Ḥasan ibn Sahl, unidentified (4th/10th c.)
10.54.3 no. 2
al-Ḥasan ibn Ṣāliḥ ibn Bahlah al-Hindī
8.20.11
al-Ḥasan ibn Zīrak see Ibn Zīrak, al-Ḥasan
al-Ḥasan ibn Suwar see Ibn al-Khammār
al-Ḥasan ibn Zīrak see Ibn Zīrak
al-Ḥasanī see al-Sharīf Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥasanī
Ḥasanwayh, unidentified student of al-Kindī
10.1.9
Ḥasdāy ibn Isḥāq, Andalusian physician
13.36.2.3; 13.36.2.4; 13.49
Ḥasdāy ibn Yūsuf ibn Ḥasdāy, Abū l-Faḍl, Andalusian physician
13.9; 13.50
Ḥasdāy ibn Shaprūṭ see Ḥasdāy ibn Isḥāq
Hāshim, assistant to Saʿīd ibn Tawfīl
14.4.3–4
Hāshim, branch of the tribe of Quraysh
15.46.2
Ḥasnūn, Banū, physicians at the ʿAḍudī Hospital
11.5.6
Ḥassān ibn al-Ḥubāb ibn al-Walīd al-Qushayrī, 5th/11th-c. poet
15.43.3n
Ḥātim ibn Saʿīd, Andalusī poet
13.63.8.2n
Ḥātim al-Ṭāʾī – pre-Islamic poet proverbial for his generosity
15.45.3(p); 15.58.1
Hawāzin, Arab tribe
15.8.4(p)
Ḥaydar ibn Kāwūs see al-Afshīn
Ḥayrūn ibn Rābiṭah see Khayrūn ibn Rābiṭah
(al-)Ḥayṣ Bayṣ (‘Pell-Mell’) Abū l-Fawāris Saʿd b. Muḥammad al-Tamīmī, poet (d. 574/1179)
10.64n; 10.68.1.1; 10.68.1.2; 10.68.1.3; 10.68.1.4; 10.68.2.3
Ḥayzūn ibn Rābiṭah see Khayrūn ibn Rābiṭahal-Ḥaẓīrī, ʿAlī ibn Yūsuf ibn Abī l-Maʿālī Saʿd ibn ʿAlī – known as Dallāl al-Kutub (‘the Book Hawker’); poet and anthologist
10.65.3
Heracleides, physician of antiquity, father of Hippocrates
3.6; 4.1.1
Heracleides of Tarentum, 1st-c. BC Empiricist
4.1.11.2
Heracles, divine hero in Greek mythology
2.1.6.2; 4.3.2; 4.4.2.3
Heraclitus, Presocratic Greek philosopher
4.5.2
Hermann of Carinthia, Istrian scholar and translator
4.6.13.3n
Hermes, legendary Egyptian-Greek sage, Hermes Trismegistus (Thrice-Great), identified with the Islamic Idrīs/Hermes the Second/Hermes the Third
1.1; 1.4; 2.1.4; 4.1.10.5; 10.4.9 no. 14; 14.21n; 14.23.4n
Hermias ‘the Slave’, ruler of Atarneus
4.6.2.1
Herminus, teacher of Alexander of Aphrodisias
4.1.11.3n; 5.1.21.1n
Hermodamus, descendant of the Homeric Cryophylus of Samos
4.3.4.2
Hero, late-antique physician
5.2.1
Herodotus, 5th-c. BC Greek historian (ca. 485–424 BC)
1.8n
Herodotus, 1st–2nd-c. physician at Rome
1.8
Herophilus of Chalcedon, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.5
Herpyllis, Aristotle’s maid/concubine
4.6.6.1; 4.6.6.2
Hibat Allāh ibn ʿAlī Majd al-Dīn Ibn al-Ṣāḥib, ustādh Dār al-Khilāfah (d. 583/1187)
10.64.16
Hibat Allāh ibn al-Faḍl ibn Ṣāʿid, Jamāl al-Ruʾasāʾ Abū l-Fatḥ, family of Ibn al-Tilmīdh
10.64.19.17
Hibat Allāh ibn Ilyās, physician
15.23.4.2
Hibat Allāh, al-Raʾīs see al-Raʾīs Hibat Allāh
Hieron, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 20
hierophants, priests at Athens
4.6.2.1
Hilāl ibn Abī Hilāl al-Ḥimṣī, mathematician (d. 218/833), translator of Apollonius’ K. al-Makhrūṭāt
9.15
Hilāl ibn Badr ibn Ḥasanwayh, Kurdish chieftain in the Jibāl region (d. 405/1014)
11.13.3.3
Hilāl ibn al-Muḥassin ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ṣābiʾ, secretary and historian under the Būyids (d. 448/1056)
10.3.8; 10.5.5; 10.8.7
Himerius, detractor of Aristotle
4.6.2.2
Hind, unidentified woman
13.61.3.2(p)
Hipparchus, student of Aristotle
4.6.6.1
Hippocrates, Greek physician
1.1; 1.9; 2.1.5; 4.1; 4.5.3n; 5.1.37 no. 46; 9.31n; 10.1.14 no. 129; 10.37.2; 10.37.5 nos. 10–13; 11.5.10; 11.5.25 nos. 117, 163; 11.6; 11.8.4; 11.17 no. 3; 13.1.3 nos. 10, 12; 13.24.3(p); 13.51.1; 13.51.2; 14.21 no. 2; 14.25.2; 14.25.7; 14.25.9 nos. 21, 26, 28, 29, 50; 14.32.4; 14.54.6
Hippocratic works specified: 3.3; 4.9.1 (list of twelve main works); 4.9.1.2 (list of other works); 9.11; 10.64.20 no. 6; 11.16 no. 3 (Aphorisms); 10.64.20 no. 7 (Prognosis); 11.5.25 no. 16311.17 nos. 3, 4; 11.18 no. 3; 13.51.4 no. 1 (Oath); 11.17 no. 3; 13.51.4 no. 2 (Aphorisms); 11.17 no. 4; 14.21 no. 2; 14.22.4.3 no. 44.7; 14.22.4.3 no. 44.14; 14.22.4.3 nos. 44.7, 44.30; 14.25.9 nos. 26, 28, 29; 14.54.9 (Prognosis); 15.1 no. 53; 15.10 nos. 1, 2; 11.17 no. 3; 14.54.3 (Aphorisms and Prognosis) 15.30 no. 4; 15.40.9 nos. 37 (Aphorisms), 38, 39 (Acute Diseases); 15.47.3 no. 4; 15.58.8 no. 4; 15.60.1 (Aphorisms and Prognosis); AI.1 no. 1
Cited in poetry: 5.1 (al-Maʿarrī), 8.30 (Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn), 13.24.3 (Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd Rabbih and Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Rabbih), 13.58 (Abū l-Ṣalt Umayyah), 14.32.4 (Yūsuf ibn Hibat Allāh), 14.51.3 (ʿAḍud al-Dīn ibn Munqidh), 15.8 (Abū l-Faḍl ibn al-Milḥī), 15.10 (Ibn al-Budhūkh), 15.17 (Abū l-Ḥakam al-Maghribī), 15.37.4 (IAU), 15.52.1. (IAU, two poems); AII.1 (Anon); AII.15 (Ibn ʿUnayn)
Hippocrates of Gerasa, physician of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Hippolytus, 3rd-c. theologian
4.3.4.1n
Hishām I al-Riḍā, emir of al-Andalus in 172–180/788–796
13.24.1
Hishām II al-Muʾayyad bi-Allāh, caliph in al-Andalus in 365–399/976–1009 and 400–403/1010–1013
13.19.3; 13.31; 13.34.1; 13.36.1; 13.36.3 nos. 1, 3
Homer
4.1.11.3; 5.1.38 no. 139
Ḥubaysh al-Aʿsam see Ḥubaysh ibn Ḥasan al-Dimashqī
Ḥubaysh ibn Ḥasan al-Dimashqī, translator nephew of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
1.2; 5.1.37 no. 114; 8.29.5; 8.31; 9.4; 9.49; 10.3.14 nos. 27, 126
Hūd, pre-Islamic Arab prophet
15.17(p)
Ḥujjat al-Dīn Marwān ibn ʿAlī ibn Salāmah al-Fanakī, vizier (d. after 550/1155)
10.69.3.10; 10.69.4 no. 5
Hūlākū (Hūlāgū, Hülegü), Mongol conqueror, grandson of Genghis Khan (d. 663/1265)
15.32
Humām al-Dīn al-ʿAbdī, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Naṣr, poet (d. 596/1199)
10.74
Ḥumayd al-Ṭāʾī, known as al-Ṭūsī, Abbasid general of al-Maʾmūn
8.10.4
Ḥunayn ibn Balūʿ al-ʿIbādī, a composer and singer of the Umayyad era
8.29.11
Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq, Abū Zayd Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq al-ʿIbādī, Christian physician and translator (192– 260/808–873)
4.1.8.1n; 4.1.9.1n; 4.3.5n; 4.4.3; 4.4.4n; 4.5.2; 4.5.4n; 4.6.3.5; 4.6.7.1; 4.6.7.2; 4.6.8; 4.6.9; 4.6.13.3n; 5.1.37; 5.1.37 nos. 7, 34, 35, 65, 66, 115 (his searches for manuscripts), 117, 118, 124, 129; 5.1.38; 5.1.39; 7.8.3n; 8.1.2; 8.3.7n; 8.4.1; 8.20.3n; 8.29; 8.30; 8.31; 8.35; 9.2; 9.3; 9.4; 9.5; 9.7; 9.10n; 9.12n; 9.19; 9.20; 9.24; 9.26n; 9.27n; 9.28n; 9.30n; 9.31; 9.33; 9.34n; 9.40; 9.41n; 9.42n; 9.44n; 9.45n; 9.46n; 9.47n; 9.48n; 9.49n; 10.1.5; 10.2.4 no. 17; 10.17; 10.34 no. 1; 10.37.5 no. 31; 10.53 no. 1; 10.55 no. 2; 11.3; 11.5.25 no. 92; 11.8.6 no. 12; 14.22.4.3 no. 44.30; 14.22.4.1n; 14.25.2n 14.25.5; 14.25.9 no. 12
Treatises specified: 8.16 no. 3; 9.30n; 9.41n; 9.49n; 11.8.6 no. 11; 13.36.2.1 (translation of De Materia Medica); 10.56 no. 1; 10.64.20 no. 9; 10.74; 11.17 nos. 1, 2; 13.58.5 no. 3 (Masāʾil); 13.61.4 no. 3 (K. al-mudkhal ilā l-ṭibb); 14.25.9 no. 12; 15.30 no. 5; 15.31.6 no. 2; 15.36.2 no. 2; 15.37 no. 3; 15.39 no. 9; 15.46.4 no. 1; 15.50.7 no. 6; 15.60.1
Ādāb al-falāsafah
5.1.34
al-Hurthī see Najm al-Dīn Abū l-Ghanāʾim Muḥammad
Ḥusām al-Dawlah, Ḥamdanid prince ruling Mosul, 4th/10th-c.
8.5.4
Ḥusām al-Dīn Timurtāsh ibn Ilghāzī ibn Artuq see Timurtāsh ibn Ilghāzī
al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh, grandfather of Abū ʿAlī al-Qiyānī
8.20.12
al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭalib
15.51.7
al-Ḥusayn ibn Fahm, a source for the historian Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn Thābit al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī
8.26.17
Ḥusayn ibn Kharmīn, known as Ibn Kharmīl, ruler of Herat
11.19.3
al-Ḥusayn al-Khādim, eunuch serving al-Maʾmūn
8.24
al-Ḥuwayzī, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad Abū l-ʿAbbās ‘al-ʿAbbāsī’, administrator in Baghdad of uncertain date
10.68.2.1(p)
al-Huzaymī al-Abīwardī, Abū Naṣr, 4th/10th-c. poet
15.1.4n
Hypsicles, Greek mathematician and astronomer (d. 120 BC)
10.1.14 no. 97
Iamblichus, Syrian Neoplatonist philosopher
4.3.6.2n; 4.3.6.2 no. 20
Ibn ʿAbbād, Abū l-Qāsim Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAbbād, known as Kāfī l-Kufāh or al-Ṣāḥib, Būyid vizier (d. 385/995)
8.5.2; 8.5.3; 8.5.6 nos. 1, 2; 11.5.22; 11.13.3.13; 11.13.7n
Ibn al-Abbār, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Khawlānī, Andalusian scholar
8.29.8n
Ibn ʿAbbās see ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-ʿAbbās
Ibn ʿAbd al-Ḥakam, Egyptian historian, author of Futūḥ Miṣr (d. 257/871)
14.15n
Ibn ʿAbd Rabbih, Abū ʿUmar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, Andalusian littérateur, author of al-ʿIqd al-farīd (d. 328/940)
7.1.2n; 7.5.5n; 7.10n; 13.24.1; 13.24.3
Ibn ʿAbd Rabbih, Abū ʿUthmān Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, nephew of Abū ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd Rabbih, Andalusian physician
13.24
Ibn ʿAbd Rabbih, Muḥammad Raʾs al-Baghl, littérateur
7.1.5n
Ibn Abī l-Ashʿath, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, Persian physician active in Mosul (d. ca. 360/970)
10.46; 10.48; 15.3.1.3; 15.3.1.3n; 15.4; 15.40.9 nos. 154, 155
Ibn Abī l-Bayān, al-Shaykh al-Sadīd ibn Abī-l-Bayān (i.e. Sadīd al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl Dāwūd ibn Abī l-Bayān Sulaymān ibn Abī l-Faraj Isrāʾīl ibn Abī l-Ṭayyib Sulaymān ibn Mubārak), Jewish physician from Egypt
14.15n; 14.32.1; 14.43
Ibn Abī Dāʾūd
8.20.6, probably an error for Ibn Abī Duʾād
Ibn Abī Duʾād, chief qadi under al-Muʿtaṣim
8.4.2; 8.4.5; 8.20.6n
Ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir, Jamāl al-Dīn (al-Shaykh al-Imām al-ʿĀlim Abū ʿAmr ʿUthmān ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAqīl al-Qaysī, also known as Ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir), Egyptian physician and author
14.44; 14.45; 14.46; 15.51.1
Ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir see also Fatḥ al-Dīn ibn Jamāl al-Dīn and Shihāb al-Dīn ibn Fatḥ al-Dīn
ibn Abī Ḥulayqah see Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abū Saʿīd Muḥammad ibn Abī Ḥulayqah
Ibn Abī Rimthah (or Ramthah) al-Tamīmī (also known as Abū Rimthah or Ramthah), physician contemporary of Muḥammad
7.3
Ibn Abī Ṣādiq al-Nīsābūrī, Abū l-Qāsim ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAlī, 5th/11th-c. Persian physician
8.29.22; 11.17; 15.37.6 no. 3; 15.50 no. 6; 15.57.1
Ibn Abī l-Sāj
11.5.25 no. 193
Ibn Abī Shaybah, Mālikī traditionist and historian
13.63.2
Ibn Abī Uṣaybiʿah, Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn al-Qāsim ibn Khalīfah, the author of the present book
passim
Treatises specified: Preface K. Maʿālim al-umam wa-akhbār dhawī l-ḥikam (The Outstanding Personalities of All Nations); 5.1.27 (intention to write a monograph on Galen); 10.67.3 Iṣābāt al-munajjimīn (The Predictions of the Astrologers); 11.5.13 Ḥikāyāt al-aṭibbāʾ fī ʿilājāt al-adwāʾ (Anecdotes of Physicians on the Treatment of Illnesses); 15.42 K. al-tajārib wa-l-fawāʾid (Experiences and Useful Lessons)
poetry by IAU: 15.20; 15.32; 15.37.4; 15.45.3; 15.49.6.1; 15.52.1.1; 15.52.1.2; 15.54
Ibn Abī Uways, Ismāʿīl, transmitter
15.46.2
Ibn Abī ʿUyaynah, name of two 2nd/9th-c. poet brothers
7.3
Ibn Abī l-Waqqār, Abū l-Faḍl Ismāʿīl, physician
15.12; 15.17
Ibn al-ʿAdīm, Kamāl al-Dīn ʿUmar ibn Aḥmad, 7th/13th-c. historian
8.26.17n; 8.29.6n
Ibn Aflaḥ, Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn Aflaḥ al-kātib, poet (d. 535/1141)
10.62; 10.64.19.14; 10.64.19.18; AII.5
Ibn al-Aḥmar, poet from the 1st/7th c.
13.63.8.2
Ibn al-ʿAmīd, Abū l-Faḍl Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad (d. 360/970), vizier and man of letters
11.5.22; 11.13.3.13
Ibn al-Āmidī see Abū l-Ḥasan ibn al-Āmidī
Ibn ʿAnāyā al-Isrāʾīlī see Bishr ibn Bīshī
Ibn al-Anbārī, Sadīd al-Dawlah Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm, kātib al-inshāʾ in Baghdad chancery (d. 558/1162–1163)
10.68.2.2
Ibn ʿArabī, Muḥyī l-Dīn (d. 638/1240), Andalusī mystic and poet
13.62.2.2; 13.63.8.1
Ibn ʿAsākir, author of Taʾrīkh Dimashq (d. 571/1176)
15.49.6
Ibn al-Aṣamm
13.88
Ibn al-Aṭṭār, Ẓahīr al-Dīn Abū Bakr Manṣūr ibn Naṣr (d. 575/1179), vizier under al-Mustanjid
15.40.3
Ibn al-ʿAynzarbī, Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū Naṣr ʿAdnān ibn Manṣūr, Egyptian physician
14.28n; 14.29; 14.30; 14.31.6; 14.32.1
Ibn Bābashādh, Abū l-Ḥasan Ṭāhir b. Aḥmad al-Miṣrī, grammarian
14.25.9 no. 93n; 15.40.3; 15.40.9 no. 14
Ibn Bābashādh, Abū Sulaymān, addressee of Ibn Riḍwān
14.25.9 no. 93
Ibn Badraj
probably an error for Ibn Barzaj
Ibn al-Baghūnish, Abū ʿUthmān Saʿīd ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭulayṭulī
13.34.2; 13.37; 13.38; 13.44
Ibn Bājjah, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā ibn al-Ṣāʾigh, Andalusian philosopher and physician (d. 533/1139)
13.51.2; 13.59
Ibn al-Bakhtārī
8.20.11n
Ibn Bakhtawayh, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿĪsā, 11th c. physician from Wāsiṭ, active ca. 420/1030
5.1.22; 10.1.12; 10.52
Ibn Bakkalārish (also Baklārish and Biklārish), Andalusian physician
13.57
Ibn Baks (Bakūs) see ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Baks and Ibrāhīm ibn Baks
Ibn al-Baladī, Sharaf al-Dīn, vizier under al-Mustanjid
10.63.2
Ibn Baqiyyah, Abū Ṭāhir [Muḥammad], vizier of ʿIzz al-Dawlah Bakhtiyār (d. 367/978)
10.8.2
Ibn al-Barakhshī, Abū Ṭāhir Muwaffaq al-Dīn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-ʿAbbās, physician and littérateur from Wāsiṭ (d. after 560/1165)
10.62
Ibn Barhān, Abū l-Fatḥ Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad, grammarian and jurist (d. 520//1126)
15.40.2
Ibn Barrī, grammarian
15.40.9 no. 26
Ibn Barzaj, Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī, student of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4; 10.37.5 no. 40
Ibn Bassām, 3rd/9th-c. poet
8.20.5n
Ibn al-Baṭṭī, Abū l-Fatḥ Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Bāqī ibn Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān al-Baghdādī, Hadith scholar, chief traditionist of Iraq (musnid al-ʿIrāq) (477/1084–564/1169)
15.40.1
Ibn al-Bawwāb, famous calligrapher (d. 413/1022)
15.57.1
Ibn al-Bayṭār, Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad al-Mālaqī al-Nabātī, Andalusian pharmacologist (d. 646/1248)
1.3.2n; 8.26.6n; 14.54.11n; 14.58
Ibn al-Biṭrīq, translator of Greek into Arabic under al-Maʾmūn
4.5.4n; 8.29.5; 9.32
Ibn al-Budhūkh al-Qalaʿī, Abū Jaʿfar ʿUmar ibn ʿAlī, Maghribī physician working in Damascus
15.10
Ibn Bundar (probably Abū l-Qāsim Yaḥyā ibn Thābit al-Wakīl) (d. 566/1170)
15.40
Ibn al-Būrī, Muwaffaq al-Dīn, Christian scribe
15.23.2.2
Ibn Buṣāqah, al-Ṣāḥib Fakhr al-Quḍāh Abū l-Fatḥ Naṣr Allāh ibn Hibat Allāh al-Ḥanafī, poet (d. 650/1252–1253)
15.22
Ibn Buṭlān, al-Mukhtār ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAbdūn, Christian physician (d. 458/1066)
4.1.10.2n; 6.1.1; 8.3.23n; 8.6; 8.26.16; 8.30.5; 10.8.2; 10.13.2; 10.13.4; 10.23.2; 10.36; 10.37.4; 10.38; 10.69.3.1; 14.25.1n; 14.25.3 (quoted); 14.25.5; 14.25.9 nos. 22n, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 102; 15.23.5n
Ibn al-Dahhān, Fakhr al-Dīn (also Abū Shujāʿ), Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Baghdādī, astronomer (d. 590/1194)
10.66.4; 15.24
Ibn al-Dahhān see also Wajīh al-Dīn al-Wāsiṭī
Ibn Dahn (or Ibn Dhan) the Indian, translator of Sanskrit medical texts and head of Baghdad hospital
12.2 nos. 4n, 7n
Ibn al-Dakhwār, ʿAlī, see Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī (d. 628/1230)
Ibn al-Darrī, Yūsuf ibn Durrah, poet (d. 545/1151)
10.64.19.11n
Ibn Dāwūd ibn Sarābīyūn, physician son of Dāwūd ibn Sarābīyūn
8.3.10
Ibn al-Dāyah, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm (d. between 330/941 and 340/951), Ṭūlūnid historian and son of Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Dāyah
7.6 (quote from unidentified source); 8.3.6n; 8.29.13 (quote from R. fī l-mukāfaʾah); 10.1.7 (quote from K. Ḥusn al-ʿuqbā); in Ch. 14 he is paraphrased or quoted without attribution in 14.3; 14.4.1–14.4.4
Ibn al-Dāyah, Abū l-Ḥasan Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ḥāsib, courtier and assistant to Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī, author of Akhbār al-atibbāʾ (d. ca. 265/878)
5.1.16.1–5 (Galen’s status); 7.7.2; 7.8.2; 7.8.3; 8.3.6; 8.3.7; 8.3.10; 8.3.11; 8.3.12; 8.3.14; 8.3.15; 8.3.16; 8.3.17; 8.3.18; 8.3.19; 8.8.2; 8.8.3; 8.8.4; 8.8.5; 8.8.6; 8.9; 8.10.2; 8.10.4; 8.11; 8.13.2; 8.13.4; 8.15.2; 8.18.1; 8.18.3; 8.18.4; 8.19.3; 8.19.4; 8.19.5; 8.20.4; 8.20.5; 8.20.7; 8.20.8; 8.20.9; 8.20.10; 8.10.11; 8.21.2; 8.21.3; 8.21.4; 8.25.7; 8.26.5; 8.26.6; 8.26.7; 8.26.8; 8.26.9; 8.26.10; 8.26.11; 8.26.11; 8.26.12; 8.26.13; 8.26.14; 8.27.2; 8.27.3; 8.27.4; 8.29.2; 8.29.3; 12.6 (these are all quotations from the Akhbār al-aṭibbāʾ)
Ibn al-Dayjūr, Egyptian teacher of music
15.51.1
Ibn al-Dhahabī, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad al-Azdī, 5th/11th-c. Andalusian physician
13.41
Ibn Dhan see Ibn Dahn
Ibn Diḥyah (d. 633/1235), Andalusian poet and anthologist
AII.10
Ibn Dīnār, 5th/11th-c. physician in Mayyāfāriqīn
10.41
Ibn al-Dubaythī al-Wāsiṭī, al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd ibn Yaḥyā, historian (d. 637/1239)
10.80
Ibn Duminj [Domingo?], Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Khamīs ibn ʿĀmir
13.11
Ibn Durayd, grammarian (d. 321/933)
7.1.6n; 8.3.16n
Ibn Durustawayh ibn al-Marzubān al-Fasawī, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jaʿfar, grammarian (d. 347/958)
15.40.2
Ibn Faḍl Allāh al-ʿUmarī, encyclopaedist (d. 749/1349)
4.4.4n; 7.1.6n; 7.8.1n; 7.10n; 8.3.23n; 8.30.5n
Ibn Faḍlān (Jamāl al-Dīn Abū l-Qasim Yaḥyā ibn ʿAlī ibn Hibat Allāh al-ʿAllāmah al-Baghdādī) – (513/1121–595/1199), professor of Shāfiʿī law in Baghdad
15.40.2
Ibn Fāris al-Qazwīnī (d. 395/1004), philologist
15.50.5
Ibn Fasānjas [or Fasānajis], Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-ʿAbbās, unidentified 11th-c. critic of astrologers and enemy of Ibn al-Haytham
14.22.4.3 nos. 13, 14
Ibn Fatḥ Ṭamlūn, Muḥammad
13.17
Ibn Fātik see al-Mubashshir ibn Fātik
Ibn al-Fawwāl see Munaḥḥim ibn al-Fawwāl'
Ibn al-Furāt, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsā ibn al-Ḥasan (d. 312/924), vizier to al-Muqtadir
10.5.2
Ibn Ghalindū see Abū l-Ḥakam ibn Ghalindū
Ibn al-Ghazāl see Abū Jaʿfar ibn al-Ghazāl
Ibn Habal (or Hubal), Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī al-Baghdādī, also known as al-Khilāṭī
10.66.8; 10.81
Ibn Habal (or Hubal), Shams al-Dīn Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abī l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī, physician (b. 548/1153)
10.82
Ibn al-Habbāriyyah, al-Sharīf Abū Yaʿlā Muḥammad b. Ṣāliḥ, poet (d. 504/1110–1111 or 509/1116)
10.64.17.2, 10.64.19.2n; 10.65.2; 10.68.2.4n 15.8.7n
Ibn Ḥafṣūn see Aḥmad ibn Ḥakīm ibn Ḥafṣūn
Ibn al-Ḥājib, Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Aḥmad, Damascene physician
15.24
Ibn al-Ḥajjāj, Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥusayn, poet (d. 391/1001)
10.67.5 no. 1
Ibn al-Ḥallāʾ al-Mursī, Andalusian physician
13.83
Ibn Ḥamawayh, Abū l-Fāḍl Muḥammad, judge
11.18 no. 1
Ibn Ḥamawayh (or Ibn Ḥammūyah), Muʿīn al-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad
15.51.7
Ibn Ḥamawayh (or Ibn Ḥammūyah), Ṣadr al-Dīn. Shāfīʿī faqih
15.51.7
Ibn Ḥamdān, surgeon at the al-Nūrī hospital in Damascus
15.23.4.2
Ibn Ḥamdān, Naṣīr al-Dawlah Abū ʿAlī l-Ḥusayn ibn Abī ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn Ḥamdān, 11th-c. commander under al-Mustanṣir
14.26.3 no. 2
Ibn Ḥamdūn al-Nadīm (Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥamdūn), littérateur and companion of caliphs al-Maʾmūn, al-Muʿtaṣim, al-Mutawakkil (d. 264/877–878)
8.4; 8.26.16
Ibn Ḥāmid ibn Muḥammad, Abū Naṣr al-ʿAzīz Aḥmad, nicknamed Āluh or Aluh, mustawfī (‘accountant–general’) under the Seljuq Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad ibn Malikshāh (d. 525/1131)
10.64.19.19
Ibn Ḥammūyah see Ibn Ḥamawayh
Ibn Hāniʾ al-Andalusī, poet (d. ca. 362/973)
10.51; AII.4
Ibn Hawqal, 4th/10th-c. geographer
4.6.3.3n
Ibn al-Haytham, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan ibn al-Haytham, mathematician, writer on optics (d. 430/1039)
10.38.4; 12.1n; 14.22; 14.23.1; 14.25.9 nos. 45n, 63; 15.40.9 no. 158
Ibn Ḥayyawayh see Abū l-Aṣbagh ʿĪsā Ibn Ḥayyawayh
Ibn Ḥazm (d. 456/1064), Andalusī polymath
13.59.2.1; 13.86.1
Ibn Ḥibbān, traditionist
7.5.6n
Ibn Hindū, Abū l-Faraj ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, poet and physician author of K. Miftāḥ al-ṭibb (d. 420/1029)
6.4 (discussion of Alexandrian curriculum); 10.64.19.4n; 10.64.19.7n; 11.8.5; 11.9
Ibn Hishām, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Malik, author of a biography of Muḥammad
7.2.3n
Ibn Hubal see Ibn Habal
Ibn Hubayrah, Abū l-Muẓaffar ʿAwn al-Dīn Yaḥyā ibn Muḥammad, Ḥanbalī scholar, vizier to caliphs al-Muqtafī and al-Mustanjid (d. 560/1165)
10.63.2, 10.68.2.5
Ibn Hubayrah, ʿIzz al-Dīn, vizier, patronized by Saladin (d. 560/1165)
15.40.3; 10.68.2.3n
Ibn Ḥumayd, transmitter
7.2.3
Ibn al-ʿIbrī see Bar Hebraeus
Ibn al-Imām, Abū l-ḤasanʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
13.59.2.1; 13.59.3
Ibn Isḥāq, vizier of the Umayyad emirs in Cordova
13.20
Ibn Isḥāq, Abū Isḥāq Ismāʿīl, transmitter
15.46.2
Ibn al-Jabbāb, al-Qāḍī al-Jalīs ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn al-Ḥusayn, poet (d. 561/1166)
15.47.2.1(n)
Ibn Jahīr see Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad
Ibn Jahwar, Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik, vizier under ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III
13.21.2.1
Ibn Jakkīnā (Jakīnā, Ḥakīnā), al-Ḥasan b. Aḥmad b. Muḥammad, 6th/12th-c. poet
10.64.17.3; 10.64.19.6n; 10.67.4.1n; 10.67.4.3n
Ibn al-Jammālah, copyist of Ibn al-Muṭrān
15.23.4; 15.23.4.1
Ibn Jamīʿ see Ibn Jumayʿ
Ibn Janāḥ see Marwān ibn Janāḥ
Ibn al-Jarrāḥ see Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Jarrāḥ ibn Dāwūd and see Abū ʿAlī ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāʾūd and see ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāʾūd ibn al-Jarrāḥ and see al-Ḥasan ibn Makhlad ibn al-Jarrāḥ and see ʿĪsā ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāwūd ibn al-Jarrāḥ
Ibn Jazlah, Yaḥyā ibn ʿĪsā ibn ʿAlī, 5th/11th-c. physician
10.59; 14.58.4 no. 1n
Ibn al-Jazzār, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Khālid, 4th/10th-c. physician
4.1.10.2n; 13.2.2.1; 13.3; 13.25; 13.35 no. 2
Ibn Jinnī, Abū l-Fatḥ ʿUthmān al-Mawṣilī, grammarian (d. 392/1002)
15.40.9 no. 25
Ibn Jubayr (d. 614/1217), Andalusī traveller and writer
13.74
Ibn Juljul, Abū Dāwūd Sulaymān ibn Ḥassān al-Andalusī, physician, author of Ṭabaqāt al-aṭibbāʾ wa-l-ḥukamāʾ (d. after 384/954)
4.5.1; 4.1.1n; 4.1.8.1n; 4.1.11.1n; 4.6.13.3n; 5.1.15; 5.1.17; 7.1.1n; 7.1.6; 7.3; 7.5n; 8.19.2; 8.26.3; 8.29.9; 8.29.12; 9.32n; 10.1.4; 10.9.1; 10.44.1; 11.5.7; 11.5.19n; 13.1.2, 13.3.2.1, 13.3.2.2; 13.3.2.3; 13.17; 13.19.23; 13.21.2.1; 13.23n; 13.23.2; 13.25n; 13.27.2n; 13.32n; 13.36; 13.38.1
Ibn Jumayʿ or Ibn Jamīʿ, Al-Shaykh al-Muwaffaq Shams al-Riyāsah Abū l-ʿAshāʾir Hibat Allāh ibn Zayn ibn Ḥasan ibn Ifrāʾīm ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Jumayʿ al-Isrāʾīlī, Jewish physician
13.61.2.1; 14.32; 14.36.3; 14.43.2; 15.40.9 no. 87
Ibn al-Jundī, al-Qāḍī Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Hārūn al-Ghassānī, transmitter
10.81.3
Ibn al-Kalbī, Hishām, 2nd/8th-c. historian
7.9.4n; 7.10n; 8.26.13n
Ibn al-Karīm see Shams al-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad al-Kātib al-Baghdādī ibn al-Karīm
Ibn Karnīb (or Kurnayb), Abū Aḥmad al-Ḥusayn ibn Abī al-Ḥusayn Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Zayd
10.3.14 no. 27; 10.19; 10.21
Ibn Kashkarāyā see Abū l-Ḥusayn
Ibn al-Kattānī (or al-Kitānī), prefect of Damascus in time of al-Yabrūdī
15.3.1.6
Ibn al-Kattānī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn, Andalusian physician (d. ca. 420/1029)
13.29
Ibn al-Kattānī Abū l-Walīd Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn, Andalusian physician
13.28; 13.29.1
Ibn Kazūrā
10.23.2
Ibn al-Khaḍir al-Ḥalabī, Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm, known as al-Suṭayl, poet (d. 655/1257)
10.64.19.1; 10.67.2; 10.67.4.2; 10.76.3; 10.67.4.1; 10.67.3; 45.3; 15.50.6
Ibn Khaldūn, historian (d. 808/1406)
8.3.22n
Ibn Khaldūn al-Ḥaḍramī, Abū Muslim ʿUmar ibn Aḥmad (d. 449/1057)
13.5.1; 13.10
Ibn Khallikān, biographer (d. 681/1282)
8.3.16n; 8.29.11n; 8.30.5n; AII.8.1; AII.10
Ibn al-Khammār, Abū l-Khayr al-Ḥasan ibn Suwār ibn Bābā ibn Bihrām (Bihnām), teacher of Ibn al-Ṭayyib and Ibn Hindū
6.4; 10.37.4; 11.5.20; 11.8; 11.9.1
Ibn Khanbash al-Yūnānī, Ibrāhīm (name occurs also as Ibn Ḥanbash, Ibn al-Ḥabashī, Ibn Ḥubaysh), commander of the Fatimid army
13.2.2.1
Ibn Kharūf, ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Kharūf, poet, grammarian (d. ca. 609/1212)
15.50.6
Ibn al-Khashshāb, Abū Muḥammad (or Abū Aḥmad) ʿAbd Allāh ibn Aḥmad Ibn al-Khashshāb al-Baghdādī, grammarian (d. 567/1172)
11.21; 15.40.2; 15.40.9 no. 26; 10.78; 10.81.4
Ibn al-Khayyāṭ, Abū Bakr Yaḥyā ibn Aḥmad, Andalusian physician (d. 447/1055–1056)
13.45
Ibn al-Khayyāṭ, Zayn al-Mulk Abū Ṭālib, unidentified (6th/12th c.)
15.8.3
Ibn Khaṭīb al-Rayy see Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
Ibn al-Khaybarī, servant of al-Mutawakkil
8.12.2
Ibn al-Khiḍr al-Ḥalabī see Ibn al-Khaḍir al-Ḥalabī
Ibn Khudūd, addressee of al-Samawʾal ibn Yaḥyā
11.21 no. 2
Ibn Killis, Abū l-Faraj Yaʿqūb, vizier of Fatimid caliph al-ʿAzīz (318–380/930–91)
10.48; 14.14.3; 14.14.8 no. 4; AII.11
Ibn al-Kitānī see Ibn al-Kattānī
Ibn Kunāsah, Iraqi poet and scholar (123–207 or 208/ 741– 823 or 824)
7.10
Ibn al-Kuraydī see Najm al-Dīn ʿUmar ibn Muḥammad al-Kuraydī
Ibn Kurnayb see Ibn Karnīb
Ibn al-Labbād see ʿAbd al-Laṭīf ibn Yūsuf al-Baghdādī
Ibn al-Lajlāj, personal physician to al-Manṣūr
8.9; 8.20.11
Ibn al-Luʿaybah see al-Juwaynī
Ibn al-Lubūdī see Najm al-Dīn ibn al-Lubūdī and see Shams al-Dīn ibn al-Lubūdī
Ibn Mākūlā, al-amīr Abū Naṣr ʿAlī ibn Hibat Allāh, Hadith scholar and poet (d. 485/1092)
11.9n
Ibn Maʿn see al-Muʿtaṣim bi-Allāh, Ibn Ṣumādiḥ
Ibn Maʿdān see Abū l-ʿAskar al-Ḥusayn ibn Maʿdān
Ibn Māhān, see Yaʿqūb al-Ṣīrāfī
Ibn Mājah, compiler of a canonical collection of hadiths
7.1.5n
Ibn Mandawayh, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, poet, father of Ibn Mandawayh al-Iṣfahānī
11.16
Ibn Mandawayh al-Iṣfahānī, Abū ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, physician of Persia
11.16
Ibn Manẓūr, Abū l-Qāsim Aḥmad ibn al-Qāḍī Abī Bakr Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Qaysī al-Mālikī al-Ishbīlī, chief qadi of Seville (d. 520/1126)
13.61.3.2
Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad ibn Mukarram ibn ʿAlī, 7th/13th-c. lexicographer
7.1.6n; 8.29.1n
Ibn Marʾah also known as Sharaf al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn Abī l-Futūḥ al-Baghdādī
15.52.2n
Ibn al-Māristāniyyah, Abū Bakr ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Abī l-Faraj ʿAlī ibn Naṣr ibn Ḥamzah, physician (d. 599/1203)
10.79
Ibn Masarrah, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh, Esotericist (Bāṭinī) philosopher from Cordoba (d. 319/931)
4.2
Ibn Māsawayh see Mīkhāʾīl ibn Māsawayh and Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
Ibn Maʿshar al-ṭabīb, physician to al-Ḥākim in Egypt
14.20
Ibn Mashghūf see Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān ibn al-Hādī
Ibn al-Masīḥī see Abū Naṣr Saʿīd ibn Abī l-Khayr
Ibn Maṣūṣā, student of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
Ibn Maṭrūḥ, Abū l-Ḥasan Yaḥyā ibn ʿĪsā ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ḥusayn Jamāl al-Dīn, poet and high official under Ayyubids, vizier of Damascus (592–649/1196–1251)
10.64.19.7n; 14.32.2; 14.32.4n; 15.49.2; 15.50; 15.56.1
Ibn Maymūn see Abū Ghālib Muḥammad ibn al-Mubārak
Ibn Maymūn (Maimonides) see Mūsā ibn Maymūn
Ibn Miknasah al-Iskandarī, poet
15.58.3n
Ibn al-Milḥī, Abū l-Faḍl, poet (6th/12th c.)
15.8.1
Ibn al-Minfākh see Najm al-Dīn ibn al-Minfākh
Ibn Muʾahhal (?Mūhal), poet (?= ‘Ibn Mūhad al-Shāṭibī’)
13.68n
Ibn al-Muʿallim al-Hurthī, Najm al-Dīn Abū l-Ghanāʾim Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī, poet from Wāsiṭ (501–1108/592–1196)
10.62.3
Ibn al-Muʾammil, Abū l-Ḥusayn Ṣāʿid ibn Hibat Allāh, physician (d. 591/1195)
10.78
Ibn al-Mudabbir, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad, courtier and man of letters (d. 279/892)
10.44.5 no. 5
Ibn al-Mudabbir, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, known as al-Kātib, high official under al-Wāthiq and al-Mutawakkil (d. 270 or 271/883 or 84)
8.4.10; 9.46
Ibn Muhājir, founder of law-college in Mosul
15.40.3
Ibn Mulsāqah, Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd ibn Hishām al-Ḥajarī, known as Ibn Mulsāqah, copyist in Fatimid Egypt
14.26.1
Ibn Mulūkah al-Naṣrānī
13.15
Ibn al-Munajjim, Abū Aḥmad Yaḥyā ibn ʿAlī, Abbasid littérateur (d. 300/912)
10.3.11
Ibn al-Munajjim, Abū ʿĪsā
10.44.2
Ibn al-Munajjim, ʿAlī ibn Yaḥyā see ʿAlī ibn Yaḥyā, known as Ibn al-MunajjimIbn al-Munajjim al-Miṣrī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Mufarrij, poet (d. 616/1219–1220)
14.32.4
Ibn Munqidh, ʿAḍud al-Dīn (or ʿAḍud al-Dawlah) Abū l-Fawāris Murhaf ibn Usāmah (d. 613/1216), poet, son of Usāmah ibn Munqidh
14.51
Ibn Munqidh, Muʾayyid al-Dawlah Abū l-Muẓaffar Usāmah see Usāmah ibn Munqidh
Ibn Munqidh, al-Mubārak ibn Kāmil ibn ʿAlī, high official under Saladin
14.33, 14.33.3
Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, ʿAbd Allāh, translator of Kalīlah wa-Dimnah (d. ca. 137/755)
11.2; 4.6.11n
Ibn Muqashshir Abū l-Fatḥ Manṣūr ibn Sahlān, Christian physician
14.15; 14.16; 14.18; 14.20n
Ibn Muqlah, Abbasid vizier, famous calligrapher (d. 328/940)
10.5.3; 10.5.4; 14.29.3n
Ibn al-Murakhkhim, Abū l-Wafāʾ Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd, physician and chief qadi under al-Muqtafī (d. 555/1160)
10.68.2.4
Ibn Mūrāṭīr see Abū l-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn Mūrāṭīr
Ibn Mus′hir, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Saʿīd ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd al-Wāḥid, poet (d. 543/1148 or 546/1151)
10.69.3.12
Ibn al-Muʿtazz, ʿAbd Allāh, Abbasid prince and poet (d. 296/908)
8.3.19n; 13.63.8.2n
Ibn al-Muṭrān, Muwaffaq al-Dīn, Abū Naṣr Asʿad ibn Ilyās, personal physician of Saladin, teacher of al-Dakhwār, author of Bustān al-aṭibbāʾ wa-rawḍat al-alibbāʾ (d. 578/1191)
1.2; 5.1.14;10.64.4; 15.3.1.1; 15.3.1.4; 15.3.1.6; 15.23; 15.34; 15.36.1; 15.50.1; AII.15; AII.15(p)
Ibn al-Muwaffaqī, unidentified physician
15.3.2 no. 2
Ibn al-Nabbāsh, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥāmid al-Bijāʾī, Andalusian physician
13.42
Ibn al-Nadīm, Abū l-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Abī Yaʿqūb Ishāq, known as al-Warrāq al-Baghdādī, author of the Fihrist
4.1.5n; 4.1.9.1n; 4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.1n; 4.1.11.3n; 4.5.2n; 4.5.4n; 4.6.2.3n; 4.6.3.5; 4.6.13.3n; 4.7n; 4.8n; 6.1.2; 7.1.5n; 8.2n; 8.15.1n; 8.16n; 8.26.4; 8.26.16n; 8.26.20n; 8.28n; 8.29.2n; 8.29.5n; 8.29.9 n; 8.29.11n; 8.36n; 8.37n; 8.38n; 10.1.6; 10.1.9; 10.1.12; 10.4.2; 10.22.2; 10.44.2; 11.4; 11.5.9
Ibn Nafādah see Bahāʾ al-Dīn ibn Nafādah
Ibn Nafīs, Abū l-Ḥasan see Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Nafīs
Ibn al-Nafīs, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Abī l-Ḥazm al-Qurashī (or al-Qarashī) (d. 687/1288), physician
AI
Ibn al-Naḥḥās, Muwaffaq al-Dīn Hibat Allāh Abū l-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Kātib, poet
15.49.6.2
Ibn Nāʿimah (ʿAbd al-Masīḥ ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥimṣī al-Nāʿimī), translator of Greek philosophy
9.13; 9.37n
Ibn al-Nāqid see Abū l-Faḍāʾil ibn al-Nāqid
Ibn al-Naqqāsh, see Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn al-Naqqāsh
Ibn Nubātah al-Khaṭīb, orator and preacher, author of al-Khuṭab al-nubātiyyah (d. 374/984–985)
15.40.9 no. 15
Ibn al-Qabīḍī, Muḥammad ibn Abī l-Wafāʾ ibn Aḥmad al-ʿUmarī (active 610/1213), poet
10.68.2.4n
Ibn Qablāl see Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Qablāl
Ibn Qāḍī l-Yaman, Sharaf al-Dīn Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar al-Kātib, poet (b. 589/1193)
15.49.6.2
Ibn Qamāniṣ al-Hindī, unidentified Indian king
12.3 no. 4
Ibn al-Qāsim, son of Abū Dulaf and tax-collector under al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20.11
Ibn Qaṭramīz see Abū Ṭāhir ibn ʿAbd al-Bāqī
Ibn al-Qaṭṭān al-Baghdādī see Abū l-Qāsim Hibat Allāh ibn al-Faḍl
Ibn Qawsayn (Qūsīn), physician in Mosul
10.49
Ibn al-Qaysarānī, Muḥammad ibn Naṣr ibn Dāghir, poet (d. 548/1154)
10.67.4.2
Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah, writer on law and theology (d. 751/1350)
7.9.2n
Ibn al-Qifṭī, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Shaybānī, vizier and biographer author of Ikhbār al-ʿulamāʾ bi-akhbār al-ḥukamāʾ commonly referred to as Tārīkh al-ḥukamāʾ (d. 646/1248)
4.1.5n; 4.1.9.1n; 4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.1n; 4.3.1n; 4.4.2.1n; 4.4.4n; 4.5.2n; 4.5.4n; 4.6.3.2n; 4.6.13.1n; 4.8n; 4.8.2n; 7.1.1n; 7.5n; 7.8.1n; 8.1.1n; 8.1.2n; 8.3.6n; 8.4.10n; 8.6n; 8.10n; 8.11n; 8.12n; 8.13n; 8.14n; 8.15.1n; 8.16n; 8.18n; 8.20.3n; 8.20.12n; 8.21n; 8.24n; 8.26.5n; 8.26.6n; 8.26.8n; 8.26.9n; 8.26.13n; 8.26.14n; 8.26.20n; 8.27n; 8.27.4n; 8.28n; 8.29.2n; 8.29.6n; 8.29.11n; 8.29.12n; 10.77.3; 11.3; 11.21; 13.3.4 no. 5; 14.14.3; 14.14.4n; 14.14.6; 14.22.3.1–2; 14.39.2n; 15.23.2; 15.23.2.1; 15.36.1.1
Ibn al-Quff, Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq, Christian physician (d. 685/1286)
10.3; 10.37.3; 15.60
Ibn Qusaym, unidentified
15.47.2.2(p)
Ibn Qūsīn see Ibn Qawsayn
Ibn Qutaybah al-Dīnawarī, Islamic polymath (213–276/828–89)
7.1.6n; 8.29.22n; 10.1.10; 15.40.2; 15.40.9 no. 1
Ibn Raḥmūn see Salāmah ibn Raḥmūn
Ibn Rāʾiq, military commander (d. 330/942)
10.4.9 no. 5
Ibn Raqīqah, Abū l-Thanāʾ Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭabīb ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Shujāʿ al-Shaybānī al-Ḥanawī, Sadīd al-Dīn, physician author of K. Mūḍiḥat al-ishtibāh fī adwiyat al-bāh (565/1169–636/1238)
10.54.2; 10.64.10; 10.64.18; 10.69.1; 10.69.3.1; 10.75.1; 10.75.2; 14.23.2; 14.30; 15.18.1; 15.18.1.4; 15.33; 15.46; 15.51.1; see also Sadīd al-Dīn al-Manṭiqī
Ibn Rashīq, author of the K. al-ʿumdah
15.40.9 no. 31
Ibn al-Rāwandī, Abū l-Ḥusayn Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā b. Isḥāq, b. start 3rd/9th-c., follower then critic of Muʿtazilism and the prophecy of Muḥammad
10.1.14 no. 187; 14.22.5.1 no. 8; 15.1.5 no. 42
Ibn Riḍwān, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī, Egyptian physician at court of Fāṭimid caliph al-Mustanṣir (d. 453/1061 or 460/1068)
1.5; 4.1.2; 4.1.8.1n; 4.1.9.1n; 5.1.4n (Galen’s dates); 6.3.1–4 (account of the Alexandrian medical curriculum); 8.26.9n; 10.38.2; 10.38.3; 10.38.6 no. 6; 11.5.25 no. 166; 11.8.4; 14.7; 13.2.3 no. 1; 13.51.4 no. 4; 13.58.5 no. 3; 13.61.4 no. 3; 14.14.8n; 14.22.4.3 no. 44n; 14.23.1; 14.25; 14.26.1; 14.27.2; 14.32.2; 15.3.1.2; 15.40.9 no. 88
Specific treatises
Resolution al-Rāzī’s Doubts regarding Galen
11.8.4
Useful Book
6.3.1–4
Ibn Rūmān al-Naṣrānī, Khālid ibn Yazīd
13.14
Ibn al-Rūmiyyah, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Mufarrij al-Nabātī, expert in botany
13.63.6; 13.86
Ibn Rushd, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh see Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rushd
Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Abū l-Walīd Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, philosopher (d. 595/1198)
13.59.3; 13.62.4 no. 1; 13.65; 13.66; 13.81.1; 13.82; 14.58.4 no. 1n
Ibn Ruzzīk see Ṭalāʾiʿ ibn Ruzzīk
Ibn Saʿādah, Abū Zakariyyā Yahūdhā, 11th-c. Jewish Egyptian physician
14.25.9 nos. 17, 18, 55
Ibn al-Sāʿātī see Fakhr al-Dīn Riḍwān and Bahāʾ al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī
Ibn Ṣadāqah, Ibrāhīm ibn Abī l-Faḍl, physician of Aleppo
15.18.1.1
Ibn Ṣadaqah, (probably Jalāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṣadaqah), vizier and friend of Amīn al-Dawlah Ibn al-Tilmīdh (d. 556/1161)
10.64.19.15; 10.68.2.5
Ibn Ṣādiq see Ibn Abī Ṣādiq
Ibn Sadīr, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh, physician (d. 6060/1210)
10.80
Ibn al-Ṣaffār, Abū l-Qāsim Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh
13.7
Ibn al-Ṣaffār al-Mutaṭabbib, Abū Jaʿfar ibn ʿAbd Allāh, student of Ibn Khaldūn
13.5.1; 13.10
Ibn Ṣafiyyah, Abū Ghālib al-Ṭabīb al-Naṣrānī, physician during the reign of al-Mustanjid (566–575/1170–1180)
10.63; AII.9
Ibn Ṣāḥib al-Ṣalāh, Abū al-Qāsim Hishām ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, unidentified Sevillian physician
13.61.3.1
Ibn Sahlān, probably Zayn al-Dīn ʿUmar ibn Sahlān al-Sāwī or al-Sāwajī, author of al-Tabṣirah (= K. al-Baṣāʾir al-Naṣīriyyah fī ʿilm al-manṭiq)
15.19; 15.30
Ibn al-Sāʿī, Tāj al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Anjab, 7th/13th-c. historian
8.23.1n
Ibn Ṣāʿid al-Qurṭubī ([al-Qāḍī] Abī l-Qāsim Ṣāʿid ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī) see Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī
Ibn al-Ṣāʾigh al-ʿAntarī, Abū l-Muʾayyad Muḥammad ibn al-Mujallī (d. ca. 560/1165)
10.69
Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ, Najm al-Dīn Abū l-Futūḥ Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Sarī, philosopher, astronomer, physician (d. 540/1145 or 548/1153)
10.75.1; 15.17
Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ al-Shahrazūrī (d. 643/1225), Hadith scholar
15.17n
Ibn Samajūn, Abū Bakr Ḥāmid, author of a K. al-adwiyah al-mufradah
13.52; 15.40.9 no. 80
Ibn al-Samḥ al-Baghdādī, Abū l-Qāsim Aṣbagh ibn Muḥammad, Christian commentator on Aristotle (d. 418/1027)
13.5.1; 13.6; 14.22.4.3 no. 43; 14.22.5.2 no. 91n; 14.24
Ibn al-Samīnah see Yaḥyā ibn Yaḥyā
Ibn Sanāʾ al-Mulk, al-Qāḍī l-Saʿīd Abū l-Qāsim Hibat Allāh ibn Abī l-Faḍl Jaʿfar ibn al-Muʿtamid, Ayyubid qadi and writer of muwashshaḥāt (550–608/1155–1211)
14.33.3; 14.39.3 (poem on Maimonides); 15.40.3
Ibn Sarābiyūn, Dāwūd see Dāwūd ibn Sarābīyūn
Ibn Sarābiyūn, Yūḥannā see Yūḥannā ibn Sarābiyūn
Ibn al-Sarrāj, author of K. al-Uṣūl
15.40.2
Ibn Sawād al-ʿAyn see Badīʿ al-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ Manṣūr
Ibn al-Ṣayrafī see Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn Sulaymān
Ibn Sayyid al-Muhandis, Abu Zayd ʿAbd ar-Rahman, Andalusī geometer
13.59.4 no. 19
Ibn Shahdā al-Karkhī, Syriac-to-Arabic translator
9.11
Ibn al-Shajarī, scholar, teacher of al-Khaṭīb al-Tibrīzī
15.40.2
Ibn Shākir al-Kutubī, Muḥammad (d. 764/1363), Syrian historian and anthologist
AII.2.2
Ibn Shamʿūn, Yūsuf see Yūsuf al-Isrāʾīlī
15.41
Ibn al-Shanāʿah, unidentified Andalusī mathematician
13.38.1
Ibn Shaprūṭ see Ḥasdāy ibn Isḥāq
Ibn al-Sharīf al-Jalīl, al-Sayyid al-Naqīb al-Kāmil, author of panegyric on Amīn al-Dawlah Ibn al-Tilmīdh
10.64
Ibn al-Shaṭajayrī, Ḥabīb ibn Aḥmad, Andalusī poet
13.14
Ibn Shaʿyā see Abū l-Barakāt ibn Shaʿyā
Ibn (al-)Shibl al-Baghdādī, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn (or Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥusayn) ibn ʿAbd Allāh, physician and poet from Baghdad (d. 474/1081–1082)
10.51; AII.3.1; AII.3.2; AII.3.3
Ibn al-Shiḥnah, Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar ibn Muḥammad al-Mawṣilī, poet (d. 608/1211 or 606/1209)
14.55.2n
Ibn Shūʿah see al-Muwaffaq ibn Shūʿah
Ibn Shukr see al-Ṣaḥib Ṣafī al-Dīn ibn Shukr
Ibn al-Sikkīt, philologist and lexicographer (d. ca. 243/857)
7.2.4n
Ibn Sīnā, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Shaykh al-Raʾīs (d. 428/1037)
1.2n; 8.26.6n; 10.35; 10.37.2; 10.51.2; 10.64.20 no. 12; 10.69.3.1; 10.75.1; 10.75.2; 10.75.4 no. 1; 10.83.7 no. 3; 11.11; 11.12; 11.13; 11.14; 11.15; 11.17; 11.19.7 nos. 34n, 35n, 62; 11.20; 11.23; 13.59.2.3; 13.61.2.1; 13.61.4 no. 6; 13.66.6 nos. 5, 37, 40; 14.29.4 no. 3; 14.32.5 no. 2n; 14.48.2; 14.48.3 no. 1; 15.10; 15.10 no. 4; 15.20 no. 2; 15.21 no. 2; 15.29; 15.29 nos. 1, 2; 15.31.6 nos. 1, 3, 4; 15.37.5 no. 2; 15.40.1; 15.40.3; 15.40.4; 15.40.9 nos. 87, 144, 147; 15.45.3(p); 15.46.4 no. 1; 15.49.6; 15.50.1; 15.57.1; 15.50.6(p); 15.52.1.1(p); 15.60.2 no. 2; AI.1; AI.2; AI.3; AII.1(p); AII.8.1; AII.8.2
Ibn al-Sinjārī see Badr al-Dīn Abū l-ʿIzz Yūsuf ibn Makkī
Ibn Siqlāb, Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb, Christian physician of Ayyubid emir Fāris al-Dīn Maymūn al-Qaṣrī (d. 624/1227)
15. 23.2.2; 15.43; 15.44
Ibn al-Ṣūfī see Muʾayyid al-Dīn Abū l-Fawāris
Ibn Sukaynah (probably Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Abū Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn al-Amīn al-Baghdādī), (d. 607/1210), pupil of Ibn Khashshāb
15.40.3
Ibn Sukkarah al-Hāshimī (d. 385/995), poet
15.52.1.2n
Ibn al-Ṣūrī see Rashīd al-Dīn ibn al-Ṣūrī
Ibn al-Suwaydī, ʿIzz al-Dīn Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad, Damascene physician (d. 690/1291)
15.23.3; 15.57
Ibn Ṭabāṭabā al-ʿAlawī, Abū l-Ḥāsan Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad (d. 322/934)
10.1.10n; AII.2.1n
Ibn al-Tabbān, Ṣafī al-Dīn Abū ʿAlī, teacher of music
15.51.1
Ibn Ṭalḥah al-Kātib al-Baghdādī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Ḥamzah, secretary to the Ḥājib of the Bāb al-Nūbī (d. 599/1202–1203)
15.40.3
Ibn Tammām see Abū l-Maʿālī ibn Tammām
Ibn al-Tammār, Abū Bakr al-Ḥusayn
11.5.25 no. 60
Ibn Tāshufīn (or Tāshfīn), Almoravid ruler (reg. 453–500/1061–1106)
13.59.2.1n; 13.61.4 no. 9
Ibn Tātalī, itinerant scholar
15.40.3; 15.40.3n
Ibn al-Ṭayyib, Abū l-Faraj ʿAbd Allāh, Christian physician and philosopher (d. 435/1043)
10.37; 10.38.1; 10.38.4; 11.13.8 no. 97; 14.22.5.1 nos. 3, 21; 14.25.5; 14.25.9 no. 22; 15.3.1; 15.4; 15.36.2 no. 1
Ibn al-Thallāj see Muḥammad ibn Thawāb
Ibn Thawābah, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, jurist (d. 277/890–891)
10.2.4 no. 46
Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Ṣāʿid ibn Ibrāhīm, physician, father of Amīn al-Dawlah Ibn al-Tilmīdh
10.58.2; 10.64.1
Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Amīn al-Dawlah Abū l-Ḥasan Hibat Allāh ibn Ṣaʿīd, Christian court physician of al-Mustaḍī bi-Amr Allāh, author of al-Aqrābādhīn al-kabīr, intellectual (466/1073–561/1165)
8.16 no. 1; 10.63.3; 10.64; 10.66.7; 10.67.1; 10.68.1.3; 10.68.2.4; 10.75.1; 10.76.3; 11.5.25 no. 93; 11.12 no. 1; 15.13; 15.23.1; 15.40.3
Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Muʿtamad al-Mulk Abū l-Faraj Yaḥyā ibn Ṣāʿid ibn Yaḥyā, physician and poet (d. 559/1164 according to Yāqūt, but Ibn al-Qifṭī has ca. 502/1108)
10.65
Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Raḍī al-Dawlah Abū Naṣr ibn Hibat Allāh (ibn) Ṣāʿid, physician son of (Amīn al-Dawlah) ibn al-Tilmīdh
10.64.15; 10.64.16; 15.40.3n
Ibn Ṭufayl (d. 581/1185–1186), Andalusī philosopher
13.66.6 no. 36
Ibn Tuffāḥ, contemporary of Ibn al-Tayyib
10.37.4
Ibn Ṭughj, founder of the Ikshīdid dynasty (reg. 323–334/935–46)
14.6; 14.8n; 14.14.3
Ibn Ṭūlūn see Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn
Ibn Ṭūmār al-Hāshimī see Ibrāhīm ibn al-ʿAbbās
Ibn Tūmart (d. 524/1130), Almohad Mahdī
13.62.1; 13.66.3n
Ibn Ṭumlūs see Abū Isḥāq ibn Ṭumlūs
Ibn ʿUbaydah al-Karkhī, grammarian (d. 605/1208)
15.40.2
Ibn ʿUkāshah, unidentified surgeon in al-Karkh
10.76.2; 10.76.3
Ibn al-ʿUlayq (or al-ʿUlayyiq), student of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
Ibn ʿUlaymah, see Nāṣir al-Dīn Zikrī or Zakarī
Ibn ʿUmar, Companion of the Prophet, transmitter
10.81.3
Ibn Umm al-Banīn al-Aʿraf, physician in Cordova (active 310/922)
13.23
Ibn ʿUnayn, Sharaf al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Naṣr (or Naṣr Allāh) ibn al-Ḥasan, Damascene poet (d. 630/1233)
11.19.3; 15.3.1; 15.25; AII.15
Ibn ʿUrwah, unidentified
15.33 no. 3
Ibn ʿUrwah, Hishām, transmitter
15.46.2
Ibn Uthāl, Christian of Damascus, personal physician to Muʿāwiyah
7.5
Ibn Uthrudī, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī, physician
10.73
Ibn Uthrudī, Abū l-Ghanāʾim Hibat Allāh ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, physician
10.70
Ibn Uthrudī, Abū l-Ghanāʾim Saʿīd ibn ʿAlī ibn Hibat Allāh, physician
10.72
Ibn Uthrudī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Hibat Allāh ibn ʿAlī, physician
10.71
Ibn Uthrudī, ʿAlī ibn Hibat Allāh, physician
10.37.4; 10.64.20. no. 14
Ibn Uthrudī, Jamāl al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī l-Ghanāʾim Saʿīd ibn ʿAlī ibn Hibat Allāh ibn ʿAlī, physician
10.74
Ibn Waḥshiyyah, Abū Bakr Aḥmad (or Muḥammad) ibn ʿAlī al-Nabaṭī, alchemist and astronomer, author of K. al-filāḥah al-nabaṭiyyah (d. ca. 190/800)
1.1; 15.23.5 no. 4; 15.40.3
Ibn Wāfid, ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm, author of a K. al-adwiyah al-mufradah (d. 460/1068)
13.29.2; 13.37; 13.39; 13.59.4 no. 20; 15.40.9 no. 79
Ibn Wakīʿ al-Tinnīsī, ʿAlī ibn Wakīʿ al-Tinnīsī, poet and critic (d. 393/1003)
10.64.19.7n
Ibn al-Waqashī, Abū al-Walīd Hishām ibn Aḥmād ibn Hishām, qadi of Talavera (Toledo)
13.11; 13.11n
Ibn al-Waṣīf al-Ṣābiʾ
10.9; 13.19.1
Ibn al-Wāsiṭī, physician to al-Mustaẓhir bi-Allāh
10.61; 10.62.2 (?)
Ibn al-Yasaʿ, Abū Yaḥyā al-Yasaʿ ibn ʿĪsā ibn Ḥazm, Fatimid historian
13.40; 13.52; 13.61.2.2
Ibn Yūnus see Kamāl al-Dīn ibn Yūnus
Ibn al-Zaffān see Ifrāʾīm (Ephraim) ibn al-Zaffān
Ibn Zahrūn see Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn
Ibn Zaylā see Abū Manṣūr ibn Zaylā
Ibn Zayrak, see Ibn Zīrak, al-Ḥasan
Ibn al-Zayyāt, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, Abbasid vizier and poet (d. 243/847)
8.4.2; 8.20.11; 9.49
Ibn Zīrak, al-Ḥasan, Egyptian physician during governorship of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn
14.3; 14.4.1n
Ibn al-Zubayr, al-Qāḍī al-Muhadhdhab al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Zubayr, poet (d. 561/1166)
14.47
Ibn al-Zubayr, al-Qāḍī Nafīs al-Dīn see Nafīs al-Dīn ibn al-Zubayr
Ibn Zuhr, Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Zuhr ibn Abī Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad ibn Marwān, Andalusian physician
1.5 n.; 13.61; AII.10
Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad ibn Marwān, Andalusian physician
13.60
Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān ibn Abī l-ʿAlāʾ ibn Zuhr (Abū Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abī l-ʿAlāʾ Zuhr ibn Abī Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad ibn Marwān ibn Zuhr), Andalusian physician
1.5; 13.61.4 nos. 6, 7; 13.62; 13.63.3; 13.66.1; 13.76; 13.77; 13.80.2
Ibn Zuhr, Abū Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥafīd Abī Bakr Muḥammad ibn Abī Marwān ʿAbd al-Malik, Andalusian physician
13.64
Ibn Zuhr, al-Ḥafīd Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Abī Marwān ibn Abī l-ʿAlāʾ, Andalusian physician and poet
13.62.2.3; 13.62.4 nos. 4, 7; 13.63; 13.68.2; 13.78
Ibn Zurʿah, Abū ʿAlī ʿĪsā ibn Isḥāq ibn Zurʿah, Christian philosopher and translator (331–398/943–1008)
10.22.3; 10:23; 14.25.9 no. 25
Ibrāhīm (Abraham, al-Khalīl), Hebrew Patriarch, Father of Muslims in Islam
15.31.2; 15.31.3
Ibrāhīm, pupil of Jūrjis ibn Jibrīl and personal physician to al-Manṣūr
8.1.1; 8.1.2
Ibrāhīm ibn al-ʿAbbās ibn Ṭūmār al-Hāshimī, a source used by IAU
8.32.2; 8.32.3
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh, 2nd/8th-c. Alid rebel
8.18.2
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAbd Allāh, Christian translator
4.8.1
Ibrāhīm ibn Abī Bakr ibn ʿAlī al-Iṣfahānī, pupil of Fakhr al-Dīn Rāzī
11.19.6.1
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAdī (probably brother of Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī), disciple of al-Fārābī
15.1.5 no. 72
Ibrāhīm I ibn al-Aghlab, first Emir of the Aghlabids in Ifrīqiyah (reg. 183–196/799–812)
13.1.3
Ibrāhīm ibn Aḥmad al-Marwāzī, teacher of Abū Bishr Mattā ibn Yūnus (d. 339–341/951)
15.1.2; 15.1.3
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī, physician of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn
8.26.9
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Mahdī, grandson of al-Mahdī
8.8, 8.9
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī al-Ḥuṣrī, 10th c. littérateur from Qayrawān, 8.4.5
Ibrāhīm ibn Ayyūb al-Abrash, physician under al-Mutawakkil and al-Muʿtazz
8.23
Ibrāhīm ibn Bābā al-Daylamī, contemporary of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.3.15
Ibrāhīm ibn Baks/Bakūs/Bakūsh/Bakkūsh al-ʿUshārī/al-ʿAshshārī(?), Abū Isḥāq, 4th/10th-c. Christian physician and translator active in Baghdad
4.7n; 8.29.8; 9.37; 9.38; 10.23.2; 10.42; 11.8.6 no. 13
Ibrāhīm ibn Bunān, brother of the physician Salmawayh ibn Bunān
8.20.1; 8.0.9
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Buḥturī, official of al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20.11
Ibrāhīm ibn Fazārūn, personal physician of Ghassān ibn ʿAbbād
8.21
Ibrāhīm ibn Hilāl al-Ṣābiʾ see Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Hilāl al-Ṣābiʾ
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿĪsā, Baghdadi physician and companion of Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
14.2
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿĪsā ibn al-Manṣūr, known as Ibn Nazīhah, grandson of al-Manṣūr
8.21.2
Ibrāhīm ibn Jamīl, official during the reign of al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
10.77.3
Ibrāhīm ibn Khalaf, Samaritan physician, student of Raḍī al-Dīn al-Raḥbī
15.36.1.1
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī, Abū Isḥāq, brother of Hārūn al-Rashīd and briefly caliph in 202–203/817–818
5.1.16; 8.3.5; 8.3.6n; 8.3.11; 8.3.12; 8.3.14; 8.3.17; 8.3.18; 8.3.19; 8.4.5; 8.8.3; 8.8.4; 8.8.5; 8.8.6; 8.9; 8.13.2; 8.20.4; 8.20.5; 8.26.8n; 8.27.2; 8.27.3
Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad see Ibn al-Mudabbir
Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Baṭḥā, 4th/10th-c. official
10.4.7
Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsā, ‘the Secretary’ (al-kātib), 3rd/9th-c. patron of Greek-to-Arabic translators
9.47
Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā ibn Maymūn, son of Mūsā ibn Maymūn (Maimonides)
14.39.2n; 14.40
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Qāsim, probably biographer of al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf
7.9.4
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Raʾīs Mūsā see Ibrāhīm ibn Mūsā ibn Maymūn
Ibrāhīm ibn Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAlī, cousin of caliphs al-Saffāḥ and al-Manṣūr
8.3.22n; 12.6
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Ṣalt, Christian translator
9.27; 9.28; 14.25.2n
Ibrāhīm ibn Sinān, mathematician (d. 355/946)
14.22.4.2 no. 21
Ibrāhīm ibn Sinān ibn Thābit ibn Qurrah, Abū Isḥāq (d. 330/941)
10.6
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Sindī ibn Shāhak, prefect of police under Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.10.3n
Ibrāhīm ibn ʿUthmān ibn Nahīk, prefect of police under Hārūn al-Rashīd
5.1.16.2; 8.3.22
Ibrāhīm ibn Zayn al-Dīn, Director of the al-Nūrī hospital in Damascus around the year 1045/1635–1636
15.50.4n
Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn see Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn
Ibrāhīm al-Jawāliqī (active beginning 8th/14th c.), copyist of MS Sb
AII.6n
al-Ibshīhī (d. ca. 850/1446), anthologist
AII.2.1
Idrīs, Qurʾanic figure identified with Enoch and Hermes
2.1.3; 2.1.4; 2.1.5; 10.3.1
Idrīs ibn ʿAbd Allāh Ibn al-Yamān al-Andalusī, poet (d. 470/1077–1078)
10.51.5n
Ifrāʾīm ibn al-Zaffān, Jewish physician in Egypt, student of Ibn Riḍwan
14.25.9 no. 25; 14.26; 14.27.1; 14.27.2
Iftikhār al-Dīn (Iftikhār al-Dīn Abū Hāshim ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn al-Faḍl al-Hāshimī), leader of the Ḥanafī madhhab in Aleppo and shaykh of the statesman Ibn al-ʿAdīm
15.18.1.3
al-Ikhshīd ibn Ṭughj see Muḥammad ibn Ṭughj
Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ (the Brethren of Purity), 4th/10th-c. secret society of Ismāʿīlī philosophers
4.1.8.1n; 4.5.4n; 13.9
al-Īlāqī, Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf or Sharaf al-Zamān Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Īlāqī of Bākharz in Persia, student of Ibn Sīnā
11.14; 15.30
Ilghāzī ibn Artuq, Najm al-Dīn, Artuqid ruler (reg. 507–516/1115–1122)
10.75.1
Iliyyāʾ al-Qass, 5th/11th-c. Christian priest
10.59.1; 10.59.2 no. 5
ʿImād al-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn Qarā Arslān ibn Dāwūd ibn Artuq, 12th-c. Artuqid ruler of Kharpūt (Harpūt)
15.18.3 no. 2
ʿImād al-Dīn al-Dunaysirī, physician and literary scholar
15.58
ʿImād al-Dīn al-Iṣfahānī see al-Kātib al-Iṣfahānī
ʿImād al-Dīn al-Salmāsī
15.22
ʿImrān (Amram), father of Moses in Ex. 6:20 and the father of Maryam/Mary in Qurʾan
11.13.7.7
ʿImrān ibn Abī ʿAmr
13.16; 13.17
ʿImrān al-Isrāʾīlī, Awḥad al-Dīn ibn Ṣadaqah, Jewish physician student of Raḍī al-Dīn al-Raḥbī (d. 637/1240)
15.23.4.1; 15.36.1.1; 15.42
ʿImrān the Short (al-Qaṣīr), transmitter
10.2.2.1
Imruʾ al-Qays, a Bedouin (not the homonymous poet)
10.69.3.2n; 15.25
Iqbāl al-Dawlah ʿAlī al-ʿĀmirī (reg. 436–468/1044–1076), petty king of Denia
13.48
al-Irbilī, ʿIzz al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ḥasan [= al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad] al-Ghanawī al-Ḍarīr, poet (d. 660/1262) 14.48; 15.21
ʿĪsā, expert in jurisprudence, brother of Majd al-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn al-Dāyah
14.49.2; 14.49.3
ʿĪsā, a boy, subject of an epigram
15.58.7
ʿĪsā, Jesus son of Mary
15.23.4.2(p); 15.58.7(p); see also al-Masīḥ
ʿĪsā ‘the Muslim’, early 3rd/9th-c. physician
8.15.1
ʿĪsā, known as Abū Quraysh, apothecary and personal physician to al-Mahdī
8.2; 8.8
ʿĪsā ibn Abī Khālid, early 3rd/9th-c. physician, a contemporary of Sahl al-Kawsaj
8.15.1
ʿĪsā ibn ʿAlī, uncle of al-Manṣūr
8.3.10
ʿĪsā ibn ʿAlī, student of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq, physician to al-Muʿtamid ʿalā Allāh
8.3.10n; 8.34
ʿĪsā ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿĪsā ibn Dāwūd ibn al-Jarrāḥ, Abū l-Qāsim, poet (d. 391/1001)
10.22; 14.22.4.4n
ʿĪsā ibn al-Biṭrīq, Christian physician, brother of Saʿīd ibn al-Biṭrīq
14.11; 14.12
ʿĪsā ibn Ḥakam al-Dimashqī, known as Masīḥ
7.6; 7.8; 8.3.10n; 8.3.22n; 8.15.1
ʿĪsā ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Nūḥ ibn Abī Nūḥ, scribe of al-Fatḥ ibn Khāqān
8.26.9
ʿĪsā ibn Isḥāq ibn Zurʿah, Abū ʿAlī
10:23; 14.25.9
ʿĪsā ibn Jaʿfar ibn al-Manṣūr, cousin of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.22; 8.8.5
ʿĪsā ibn Māhān, guard commander under al-Mahdī and Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3
ʿĪsā ibn Māsarjīs (or Māsarjawayh), physician and translator
9.9
ʿĪsā ibn Māssah al-Baṣrī, medical writer (d. ca. 275/888)
8.3.8; 8.4.10; 8.8.1; 8.12.2; 8.20.2; 8.23.1; 8.25.2; 8.26.2; 8.28
ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā, known as al-Jurjānī, son of al-Hādī
8.10.3
ʿĪsā ibn Mūsā ibn Muḥammad, nephew of al-Saffāḥ and al-Manṣūr
8.18.1
ʿĪsā ibn Qusṭanṭīn (known as Abū Mūsā), late-antique physician
6.5.2
ʿĪsā ibn Ṣahārbukht, Christian physician, student of Jūrjis ibn Jibrīl ibn Bukhtīshūʿ
8.29.22 no. 16; 8.37; 9.26
ʿĪsā ibn Shahlā, student of Jūrjis ibn Jibrīl, personal physician to al-Manṣūr
8.1.1; 8.1.2
ʿĪsā ibn Usayd al-Naṣrānī, Abū Mūsā, student of Thābit ibn Qurrah
10.3.12; 10.3.14 nos. 27, 85
ʿĪsā ibn Yaḥyā ibn Ibrāhīm, pupil of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
5.1.37 no. 115; 8.35; 9.5
ʿĪsā ibn Yūnus ‘the secretary and accountant’ (al-kātib al-ḥāsib), patron of translators
9.44
ʿĪsā the physician of al-Qāhir bi-Allāh, 10.26
ʿĪsā al-Raqqī see al-Raqqī al-Tiflīsī
al-Iṣfahānī, Abū l-Faraj see Abū l-Faraj ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn
Isḥāq ibn ʿAlī, brother of Abū ʿAlī al-Qiyānī
8.14
Isḥāq ibn ʿAlī al-Ruhāwī, 3rd/9th-c. physician, author of Adab al-ṭabīb
8.3.8; 8.4.10; 8.8.1; 8.12.1; 8.12.2; 8.20.2; 8.23.1; 8.25.2; 8.26.2; 8.28n; 10.57
Isḥāq ibn Ḥunayn, translator of Greek philosophy, author of Taʾrīkh al-aṭibbāʾ (d. ca. 298/910–911)
1.1n; 4.1.10.4n; 4.1.10.5n; 4.1.11.1n; 4.4.3; 4.5.2; 4.5.4n; 4.6.3.5; 5.1.3–4 (Galen’s dates); 5.1.12.1 (defective chronology); 8.20.3; 8.29.8; 8.29.22n; 8.30; 8.31n; 9.3; 9.4; 9.44n; 10.24 no. 2
Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm, secretary to Ibn Ṭūlūn
14.4.1
Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm al-Mawṣilī, musician (d. 235/850)
15.40n
Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl, known as Bayḍ al-baghl, associate of Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm (Ibn al-Dāyah)
8.26.5
Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Nasṭās (Abū Yaʿqūb Isḥāq ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Nasṭās ibn Jurayj), Christian physician in service of al-Ḥākim
14.7; 14.16
Isḥāq ibn ʿImrān, physician at the court of Ziyādat Allāh ibn al-Aghlab
13.1; 13.2.1; 14.4.1n
Isḥāq ibn al-Khaṣīy, friend of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
8.29.2; 8.29.3
Isḥāq ibn Mūsā, physician (d. 363/973) and son of Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀzār
Isḥāq ibn Mūsā, Abbasid prince, son of the caliph al-Hādī and his favourite concubine, Amat al-ʿAzīz
8.10.3
Isḥāq ibn Qasṭār, Andalusian physician
13.48
Isḥāq ibn al-Ṣabbāḥ, governor of Kufa under al-Mahdī and al-Rashīd, and father of al-Kindī
10.1.2
Isḥāq ibn Shahrām, ambassador to Basil II (reg. 976–1025)
8.29.6
Isḥāq ibn Shalīṭā, physician of al-Muṭīʿ li-Allāh
10.28
Isḥāq ibn Sulaymān ibn ʿAlī al-Hāshimī, governor under Hārūn al-Rashīd and al-Amīn
12.2 no. 6n; 12.5
Isḥāq ibn Sulaymān al-Isrāʾīlī, medical writer (d. 320/932 or 344/955)
13.2; 13.3.1; 15.40.9 nos. 54, 55, 56
Isḥāq ibn Yūnus, student of Ibn al-Samḥ
14.22.5.2 no. 91; 14.24
Isḥāq al-Ṭabīb, physician in Cordova (active 287/900)
13.20
Isidore of Seville, encyclopaedist author of Etymologies (d. 636)
5.1.15
al-Iskāfī see Abū Thughrah
al-Iskandar al-Afrūdīsī see Alexander of Aphrodisias
Ismāʿīl ibn Abī Sahl ibn Nawbakht, son of Abū Sahl ibn Nawbakht
8.9
Ismāʿīl ibn Bulbul, Abū l-Ṣaqr, vizier of al-Muʿtamid (d. 278/892)
8.26.16; 10.3.6; 10.3.14 no. 113
Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar, brother of al-Muʿtazz
8.23.1
Ismāʿīl ibn Mūsā, physician son of Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀzār al-Israʾīlī
10.9; 14.9
Ismāʿīl ibn Mūsā, son of al-Hādī
8.8.4; 8.10.3
Ismāʿīl ibn al-Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Bannāʾ al-Qifṭī, jurist
15.23.2.1
Ismāʿīl al-Zāhid (the Ascetic), Ḥanafī scholar of Bukhara (d. 402/1012)
11.13.2.3
Ismāʿīl al-Ẓāfir ibn Dhī l-Nūn, emir of the ṭāʾifah of Toledo
13.38.1; 13.38.2
Isrāʾīl the bishop (unidentified)
15.1.2
Isrāʾīl ibn Sahl, early 3rd/9th-c. physician
8.17
Isrāʾīl ibn Zakariyyā ibn al-Ṭayfūrī, Christian personal physician of al-Mutawakkil
8.12; 8.26.12; 9.49
Iṣṭifan ibn Basīl, translator (d. ca. 298/910)
4.1.11.1n; 8.29.9; 9.19; 13.36.2.1
Ītākh (or Aytākh), Turkish general
8.20.5n
ʿIzz al-Dawlah, brother of Muʾayyid al-Dīn Ibn al-Ṣūfī
15.8.6
ʿIzz al-Dawlah Bakhtiyār, Būyid Emir (d. 366–367/977)
10.8.2; 10.29; 10.30
ʿIzz al-Dīn Abū l-Qāsim al-Khiḍr ibn Abī l-Ghālib Naṣr al-Azdī al-Ḥimṣī
10.75.4 no. 1
ʿIzz al-Dīn Farrukh-Shāh (or ʿIzz al-Dīn al-Muʿaẓẓamī or ʿIzz al-Dīn Aybak al-Muʿaẓẓamī), Ayyubid governor of Ṣarkhad
15.23.3; 15.37.4; 15.46.3; 15.48; 15.49.1; 15.51.2
ʿIzz al-Dīn Farrukh Shāh ibn Shāhān Shāh ibn Ayyūb, Ayyubid governor of Baalbek
15.51.2
ʿIzz al-Dīn al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Ghanawī al-Rāfiḍī al-Irbilī al-Ḍarīr (d. 660/1262), poet, philosopher, teacher of Ibn al-Quff
14.48.3; 15.21; 15.60.1
ʿIzz al-Dīn ibn al-Suwaydī see Ibn al-al-Suwaydī
al-Jabbān see Abū Manṣūr al-Jabbān
Jabhar, otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
Jābir ibn Ḥayyān, Abū Mūsā ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Kūfī (Geber), alchemist (d. ca. 200/810)
1.2n; 11.5.25 no. 176; 15.40.3
Jābir ibn Manṣūr see al-Sukkarī, Jābir ibn Manṣūr
Jabrāʾīl (Archangel) see Gabriel
Jacob see Yaʿqūb
Jacob Baradaeus, 6th-c. bishop of Edessa
6.1.2
Jacobites (al-Yaʿqūbiyyah)
6.1.2; 6.1.3; 10.22.1.2, 14.1; 15.3.1
Jaʿdah bint al-Ashʿath ibn Qays, conspirator under Muʿāwiyah
7.5.6
Jaʿfar ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ṣaqlabī, chamberlain of al-Ḥakam II
13.30
Jaʿfar ibn Kilāb, Arab tribe
15.8.4(p); 15.8.5(p); 15.8.6(p)
Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad, last Imam recognized by both Twelver and Ismaili Shi’is (d. 148/765)
15.51.7
Jaʿfar ibn Mūsā, son of al-Hādī
8.10.3; 8.15.1n
Jaʿfar ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khālid ibn Barmak, vizier and sponsor of Indian science (d. 187/803)
8.3.2; 8.3.16; 8.3.22; 8.10.3n; 8.15.1n; 8.20.4n; 12.6
Jaʿfar, al-Khalīfah
unidentified 11.13.7.9
al-Jāḥiẓ, Abū ʿUthmān ʿAmr ibn Baḥr, author of works of adab, theology, etc. (d. 255/868–869)
4.5.1n; 7.2.3n; 7.6n; 8.26.16; 11.5.25 nos. 40, 41; 11.16 no. 1.30; 13.63.8.2n; 15.40.9 no. 50; AII.2.2
Jaḥẓah, Aḥmad ibn Jaʿfar al-Barmakī, courtier, man of letters, poet (d. 324/936)
8.30.5n; 10.1.13
al-Jahshiyārī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh, 4th/10th-c. man of letters, historian
8.3.16n
Jalāl al-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ Muḥammad ibn Nubātah, al-Ṣāḥib, unidentified high official
15.46.3.9
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Baghdādī, al-Qāḍī, pupil of Kamāl al-Dīn ibn Yūnus
10.83.3
Jalāl al-Dīn ibn Ṣadaqah, al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī, vizier under al-Mustarshid
10.68.2.5n
Jalāl al-Dīn Khwārazmshāh, (reg. 617–628/1220–1231) last ruler of the Khwārazm-shāhs 11.13
Jālīnūs see Galen
al-Jamāl (Jamāl al-Dīn), unidentified subject of a love epigram by al-Dunaysirī
15.58.4
Jamāl al-Dawlah Abū l-Ghanāʾim
15.8.5
Jamāl al-Dīn (Ibn al-Jammālah), copyist serving Ibn al-Muṭrān
15.23.4; 15.23.4.1
Jamāl al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Laṭīf, notable from Baghdad
15.40.3
Jamāl al-Dīn al-Ḥarastānī, judge
15.53; 15.50.6
Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir see Ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir
Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Āmidī, son of Sayf al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī ʿAlī al-Āmidī
15.22
Jamāl al-Dīn al-Naqqāsh al-Siʿirdī see al-Siʿirdī, Jamāl al-Dīn al-Naqqāsh
Jamāl al-Dīn ʿUthmān (d. 658/1258)), physician brother of Sharaf al-Dīn ibn al-Raḥbī
15.37.3
Jamāl al-Dīn ʿUthmān ibn Aḥmad, grandson of physician Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir
14.44.1n
Jamāl al-Dīn Yaḥyā ibn Maṭrūḥ see Ibn Maṭrūḥ
Jamīl ibn Maʿmar, poet-lover (d. 82/701)
14.32.4(p)
Janān, slave-girl loved by Abū Nuwās
8.19.3
al-Jānis (Jābis, Ḥābis?), unidentified author of a book on leadership (?)
14.25.9 no. 97
al-Jannābī al-Qarmaṭī, Abū Ṭāhir Sulaymān, leader of Qarmaṭians (d. 332/943–944)
11.13
Jarak see Caraka
Jārī, otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
Jarīr al-Ṭabīb
11.5.25 no. 75
al-Jarīrī, Muʿāfā ibn Zakariyyā, littérateur (d. 390/1000)
7.1.6n
Jarjah ibn Zakariyyā, 3rd/9th-c. Nubian chieftain
8.26.10
al-Jawād, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī Jamāl al-Dīn al-Iṣfahānī (d. 574/1178), vizier under the Zangids
10/.81.6 no. 2
Jawād al-Ṭabīb al-Naṣrānī (the Christian Physician) (3rd/9th c.)
13.13; 13.18
al-Jawālīqī, Abū Manṣūr Mawhūb ibn Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Khiḍr (d. 539/1144), lexicographer and traditionalist
15.46.2
Jawdar (or Jawdhar), otherwise unrecorded Indian scholar
12.4
al-Jawharī, Abū Naṣr Ismāʿīl ibn Ḥammād (d. 393/1002 or 398/1007), 10th-c. lexicographer
7.1.1; 7.2.4n; 14.32.2; 15.50.5
al-Jawharī, al-ʿAbbās ibn Saʿīd, astronomer under al-Maʾmūn
12.3 no. 1
Jawzah, servant of Khwand Khātūn, wife of Muwaffaq al-Dīn ibn al-Muṭrān
15.23.2
al-Jazūlī, Abū Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz (d. between 606/1209 and 616/1219), grammarian
13.64.2.1
Jesus see ʿĪsā and al-Masīḥ
Jews
4.6.7.1; 5.1.7; 5.1.8.1; 5.1.8.2; 5.1.14; 7.2.1; 8.3.10; 8.5.3; 8.5.6 no. 7; 8.18.1; 8.19; 10.4.4.2; 10.23.3; 10.49; 10.64.2; 10.66.1; 10.66.6; 10.66.7; 10.68.2.1n, 10.68.2.2; 11.13.7.7n; 11.21; 11.21 no. 4; 13.1.2; 13.2.1n; 13.26.2.3n; 13.46; 13.47; 13.48; 13.49; 13.50; 13.57; 13.66.3; 14.18; 14.22.3.2; 14.23.3n; 14.26.1; 14.27.1; 14.27.2; 14.32.4; 14.33.1; 14.34.1; 14.34.2; 14.36.3; 14.38.1; 14.39.1; 14.39.4 no. 6; 14.41;14.42; 14.44.3; 15.8.11; 15.15; 15.16; 15.40.3; 15.40.9 nos. 93, 94; 15.41
Jibrīl (Archangel) see Gabriel
Jibrīl ‘the oculist’, oculist to al-Maʾmūn
8.24
Jibrīl ibn Bukhtīshūʿ, Christian physician serving Hārūn al-Rashīd
5.1.16; 5.1.37. no. 115; 8.3; 9.35; 9.49; 10.27; 11.5.6; 12.6
Jibrīl ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Bukhtīshūʿ
8.5
al-Jīlī, Rafīʿ al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz see Rafīʿ al-Dīn al-Jīlī
al-Jilyānī, Ḥakīm al-Zamān Abū l-Faḍl ʿAbd al-Munʿim ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥassān al-Ghassānī al-Andalusī, physician, ophthalmologist, and poet (d. 600/1203–1204)
15.11; AII13; AII.14
Jinn (jinnees, demons)
10.38.3; 10.67.4.2(p); 10.69.3.12(p); 10.69.3.13n; 11.13.7.8(p); 11.19.6.2n; 15.15 no. 57; 15.10(p); 15.56.1n; 15.57.2(p)
Jirāb al-Dawlah, musician and wit under al-Muqtadir
8.26.16
Jirjis, 5th/11th-c. Christian physician in Cairo
14.27.3
Jirjis al-Faylasūf, unidentified lampoonist
14.27
Job of Edessa (Iyob of Edessa) see Ayyūb al-Ruhāwī al-Abrash
Joseph ibn Shimʿon, student of Maimonides
14.39.2n
John, mid 5th-c. Patriarch of Antioch
6.1.3
John the Baptist
5.1.8.1
John the Grammarian/Yaḥyā al-Naḥwī, conflation of John Philoponus (ca. 490–575) and one or more unidentified late-antique medical writers, alleged contemporary of ʿAmr ibn al-ʿĀṣ
2.1.5; 3.2; 4.1.11.1n; 4.1.11.3; 5.1.3; 5.1.4; 5.1.12.1; 6.1.1; 6.1.2; 6.1.3; 6.2; 14.22.4.3 no. 11; 15.1.5 no. 43
John Philoponus, Neoplatonist Christian philosopher (ca. 490–575)
6.1.1n; 6.1.2n; 6.1.3 (imaginary biography)
Joseph see Yūsuf
Joseph ben Judah, see Yūsuf al-Isrāʾīlī
Jubal son of Lamech son of Methuselah (Yūfāl ibn Lāmakh ibn Matūshālakh)
1.5
al-Jubbāʾī see Abū ʿAlī al-Jubbāʾī
Julian the Apostate
14.25.2n
Julius Gaius Caesar, Roman general and dictator
5.1.8.1
al-Jumaḥī see Muḥammad ibn Sallām al-Jumaḥī
al-Junayd ibn Muḥammad, celebrated Sufi (d. 298/910)
15.51.7; 15.51.10.1(p)
Jurayj ibn al-Ṭabbākh, unidentified physician
14.4.4
Jurhum, pre-Islamic Arabian people
14.32.4(p)
al-Jurjānī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad (d. 482/1089), author of al-Kināyāt
10.3.8
Jūrjis ibn Jibrīl, first of the Christian Bukhtīshūʿ family of physicians
5.1.16.5; 8.1; 9.1; 9.26n
Jūrjis ibn Mīkhāʾīl
8.3.16; 8.15.1; 8.15.2
al-Juwaynī, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī ibn Ibrāhīm al-Juwaynī al-Kātib, known as Ibn al-Luʿaybah, poet (d. in Cairo 586/1190)
14.31, 14.31.8
al-Jūzjānī see Abū ʿUbayd al-Jūzjānī
Kaʿb ibn Zuhayr, 1st/7th-c. poet
14.31.8n; 15.40.9 no. 9
Kadbānuwayh (Persian for Lady of the House), patron of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.3.3
Kāfūr al-Ikhshīdī, Abū-l-Misk Kāfūr, Ikhshīdid commander
14.6n; 14.8
al-Kalbī, Hishām, historian
7.1.6n
al-Kaldāniyyūn see Chaldaeans
Kamāl al-Dīn Abū l-Qāsim ibn Abī Turāb al-Kātib al-Baghdādī
11.5.4
Kamāl al-Dīn al-Ḥimṣī, pupil of Raḍī al-Dīn al-Raḥbī
15.39
Kamāl al-Dīn ibn Yūnus, Abū ʿImrān (or Abū l-Fatḥ) Kamāl al-Dīn Mūsā ibn Yūnus ibn Muḥammad al-Mawṣilī, mathematician and jurist (551–639/1156–1242)
10.83; 15.40.3
Kamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Mīkāʾīl, dedicatee of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.7 no. 37
al-Kanbanārī see Abū l-ʿAbbās al-Kanbanārī
Kankah (or Kanakah) al-Hindī, Indian astrologer-astronomer (active ca. 775–800)
12.1
Kaṅkāyana, Indian physician
12.1n
Karaites, Jewish sect
14.33.1; 14.41; 14.43.1
Kasdaeans (al-Kasdāniyyūn)
1.5 see also Chaldaeans
al-Kashkarī (or al-Kaskarī), Yaʿqūb, 4th/10th-c. physician in Baghdad
11.5.6n
al-Kātib al-Iṣfahānī, ʿImād al-Dīn, state secretary of Nūr al-Dīn and Saladin, anthologist (d. 597/1201)
15.13; 15.40
Kawkīn, relation of ʿAḍud al-Dawlah
8.5.2
Kay Bahman, mythical Kayanian king
4.1.5
Kaykāʾūs ibn Kaykhusraw, al-Malik al-Ghālib, Seljuqid ruler of al-Rūm (Anatolia) (reg. 608–618/1211–1220)
10.82
Kayqubādh ibn Kaykhusraw ibn Qilij Arslān, ruler of Erzerum in Anatolia (reg. 588–593/1192–1197)
15.40.5
Kaysān ibn ʿUthmān ibn Kaysān, 10th-c. physician from Egypt and brother of the physician Sahlān
14.15
al-Kayyāl, Aḥmad ibn Zakariyyā (active 3rd/9th c.), Ismaili missionary
11.5.25.no. 136
al-Khabūshānī, Najm al-Dīn, theologian, supporter of Saladin
14.36.2; 14.36.3
Khafīf al-Samarqandī, servant of al-Muʿtaḍid
10.10.5
Khalaf ibn ʿAbbās al-Zahrāwī, Andalusian physician
13.56
Khalaf ibn Khalīfah, poet (possibly Khalaf ibn Khalīfah ibn Ṣāʿid, d. 181/797–780)
15.37.2n
Khalaf al-Ṭūlūnī, Abū ʿAlī, Baghdadi physician (active 302/914)
14.5
Khālid, clan of the Jaʿfar ibn Kilāb
15.8.4(p)
Khālid ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz see Abū ʿUthmān
Khālid ibn al-Muhājir ibn Khālid ibn al-Walīd, nobleman under Muʿāwiyah
7.5.3; 7.5.4; 7.5.5
Khālid ibn Ṣafwān ibn al-Ahtam al-Tamīmī, transmitter, noted for his eloquence (d. 135/752)
8.26.13
Khālid ibn Shahriyār, Khorasanian prince (active 141/758–759)
8.10.3
Khālid ibn al-Walīd, commander (d. 21/642)
7.5.2n
Khālid ibn Yazīd see Ibn Rūmān al-Naṣrānī
al-Khālidiyyān, the brothers Abū Bakr al-Khālidī and Abū ʿUthmān al-Khālidī known as al-Khālidiyyān, poets and men of letters (d. 380/990 and ca. 390/100)
8.26.15
al-Khalīl see Ibrāhīm
al-Khalīl ibn Aḥmad, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Farāhīdī al-Azdī, lexicographer, grammarian (d. 175/791)
8.29.1
al-Khansāʾ, poetess (d. after 24/644)
10.51.3(p); 15.17(p)
al-Khāqānī, Abū l-Qāsim ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad (d. 314/926–927), vizier under al-Muqtadir
10.5.2
Kharijites
10.2.3.1
Kharshā, slave-girl of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.29.2
Khaṣīb al-Naṣrānī, 2nd/8th-c. Christian physician
8.7
al-Khaṣībī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Aḥmad ibn al-Khaṣīb (d. 328/940), vizier
10.5.3
al-Khaṭīb al-Baghdādī, Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn Thābit (d. 463/1071), author of Tārīkh Baghdād
8.26.17; 8.30.5n
al-Khaṭīb al-Dawlaʿī, preacher and student of law (d. 598/1202)
15.40.3
al-Khaṭīb al-Tibrīzī see al-Tibrīzī
al-Khaṭṭābī, Ḥamd ibn Muḥammad, traditionist (d. ca. 388/998)
15.40.3; 15.40.9 no. 1
al-Khawātīmī see Shams al-Dīn al-Kutubī
Khayrūn ibn Rābiṭah, translator
9.22
Khayyām, ʿUmar (Omar), Persian poet
11.19n
al-Khayzurān bint ʿAṭāʾ al-Jurashiyyah, wife of al-Mahdī
8.2n; 8.8; 8.10.2
al-Khāzinī, 6th/12th-c. astronomer
4.6.13.3n
Khindif, branch of North Arabian tribes
15.8.6(p)
Khudhāwayh ibn Sahl, son of Sahl al-Kawsaj
8.15.2
Khunad Khātūn or Khwand Khātūn, wife of Saladin
15.23.2
al-Khūnajī, Afḍal al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍāʾil Muḥammad ibn Nāmawar, physician, teacher or IAU (d. 646/1248)
14.48
al-Khuraymī, Abu Yaʿqūb Isḥāq ibn Ḥassān, poet (d. 214/829)
10.5n
Khusraw see Kisrā
Khusrawshāh ibn Mubādir, 4th/10th-c. king of Daylamites
8.5.3; 8.5.6 no. 4
al-Khusrawshāhī see Shams al-Dīn al-Khusrawshāhī
al-Khuwayyī see Shams al-Dīn al-Khuwayyī
Khwārazmshāh Abū l-ʿAbbās Maʾmūn ibn Maʾmūn (recte Muḥammad), ruler of Khwārazm (d. 387/997)
11.8.6 no. 10
Khwārazm Shāh, Muḥammad b. Tekish ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn (ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn ʿAlī Khwārazm Shāh or Muḥammad
Khwārazm Shāh) (reg. 596–617/1200–1220)
11.19.3; 11.19.4; 11.19.5; 11.19.6; 11.19.7 nos. 4, 45; 11.24
al-Khwārazmī see Jalāl al-Dīn Khwārazm Shāh
al-Khwārizmī, Muḥammad ibn Mūsā, 4th/10th-c. encyclopedist
4.6.4.1n; 13.5.1
Kinānah, Arab tribe
15.46.2
al-Kindī, Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥaq, philosopher (ca. 185–252/801–866)
1.1; 4.4.2.2n; 4.5.4n; 10.1; 10.2.1; 10.3.14 no. 27; 11.3; 11.5.25 no. 31; 13.61.4 no. 8; 14.22.5.2 no. 85n; 15.1.3.2; AII.2.1; AII.2.2; AII.2.3; AII.2.4
al-Kindī al-Naḥwī, Tāj al-Dīn Abū l-Yumn Zayd ibn al-Ḥasan, grammarian and teacher of literary sciences (d. 613/1217)
15.23.1; 15.29; 15.39; 15.40.3; 15.48; 15.50; 15.51.2
al-Kirmānī, Abū l-Ḥakam ʿAmr ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī
13.5.1; 13.9
al-Kīshī, author of a commentary on the Hippocratic Aphorisms
15.60.2n
Kisrā (Khusraw, Chosroes), generic name for pre-Islamic Persian kings
14.32.4(p); 15.11.2.1(p)
Kisrā Anūshirwān, Sasanid ruler (reg. 537–579)
7.1.2; 7.1.3; 7.1.4; 7.1.6; 8.20.6
al-Kumayt ibn Maʿrūf al-Asadī (d. ca. 100/718), poet
8.29.15n
Kūmiyah, Berber tribe
13.81.1
Kunnah bint Kusayrah of Thumālah (Azd), eponymous ancestress of the Banū Kunnah subtribe
7.1.6n
Kushājim, Abū l-Fatḥ Maḥmūd ibn al-Ḥusayn, poet and prose writer (d. ca. 360/970)
13.3.3
Kutāmah, Berber tribe
13.2.2.2
Kuthayyir ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, known as Kuthayyir ʿAzzah, 1st/7th-c. poet
7.5.6; 15.8.5n
Labīd ibn Rabīʿah, pre-Islamic poet
10.51.3(p); 15.8.4(p); 15.31.1; 15.45.3(p); 15.46.2n
Laecanius Arius of Tarsus, 1st-c. AD pharmacologist
4.1.11.2
Lajhad see Hermes
Lakhmids, pre-Islamic dynasty based at al-Ḥīrah
8.3.16n; 8.29.1n
Laqīṭ, traditionist (?Laqīṭ ibn Ṣabirah, one of Muḥammad’s Companions)
7.3
Leon, pupil of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1
Luqmān, pre-Islamic sage
4.2; 15.17(p); 15.58.4n
Luʾluʾ (?Luʾluʾ al-ḥājib al-ʿĀdilī)
15.40.3
Lycus of Macedonia, 2nd-c. anatomist
4.1.10.2; 5.1.37 nos. 23, 29, 30
Maʿadd, legendary ancestor of the North Arabs
10.1.3; 15.47.2.1(p)
al-Maʿarrī, Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Sulaymān, Syrian poet and prose writer (d. 449/1057)
5.1.33; 11.19.7 no. 9n; 10.38.4; 10.51.3n; 11.19.7 no. 9n; AII3.3
Macarius, physician of antiquity
3.6
Machaon, son of Asclepius
2.1.5n; 4.6.2.1
al-Madāʾinī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad, historian (d. 228/842–843)
7.5.2; 7.5.5n
Mādhava, Indian author of the Nidān or Nidāna, also called Mādhavanidāna (active ca. AD 700)
12.2 no. 3n
Maʿdī Karib ibn Muʿāwiyah, pre-Islamic chieftain of Hadramaut
10.1.2
Magnus of Alexandria, late-antique physician
5.2.1
Magnus of Emesa, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.2
al-Mahdī, third Abbasid caliph (reg. 158–169/775–85)
8.2n; 8.3.11n; 8.8.1; 8.8.3; 8.8.4; 8.18.3; 8.25.8n; 12.6
Maḥmūd ibn Muḥammad Ghiyāth al-Dīn al-Ghūrī (reg. 602–609/1206–1212), Ghūrid ruler
10.67.5 no. 2; 11.19.3; 11.19.6
Maḥmūd ibn Sebüktigin, Sultan of Ghaznah (reg. 388–421/998–1030)
11.8.3n; 11.8.4
Maḥmūd ibn Zankī (or Zangī) see al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn Zankī
Maimonides see Mūsā ibn Maymūn
al-Majd (Majd al-Dīn) ibn al-Ṣāḥib see Hibat Allāh ibn ʿAlī Majd al-Dīn
Majd al-Dawlah, Rustam, Būyid emir of Rayy and the Jibāl (reg. 387–420/997–1029)
11.13.3.3; 11.13.8 no. 11
Majd al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Ibrāhīm, father of Badr al-Dīn ibn Qāḍī Baʿlabakk
15.52.1
Majd al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṣaḥnūn al-Dimashqī
15.52.2n
Majd al-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn al-Dāyah, foster brother of Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn Zangī
14.49.2; 14.49.3
Majd al-Dīn al-Jīlī, scholar, teacher of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.1; 11.19.7 no. 30
Majnūn Laylā, Qays ibn al-Mulawwaḥ, 1st/7th-c. poet
10.3
al-Majrīṭī, Abū l-Qāsim Maslamah ibn Aḥmad, physician from Cordova (d. 398/1007)
13.5; 13.7; 13.8; 13.10; 13.29.2; 13.38.1; 13.45
al-Majūsī see ʿAlī ibn al-ʿAbbās al-Majūsī
Makḥūl, transmitter
10.2.2.2
al-Makīn Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn see al-Qāḍī al-Makīn Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn
Mākird the Daylamite, 4th/10th-c. official
10.5.3
Makkī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qayrawānī, Abū Muḥammad, Qurʾanic scholar and dream interpreter (d. 437/1045–1046); see also ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Qayrawānī
1.7
al-Makkī, Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā, poet (d. 248/862)
8.3.23n
al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Ayyūb, known as Sayf al-Dīn, brother and successor of Saladin (d. 615/1218)
11.19 no. 18; 13.86.2; 14.31.7; 14.32.5 no. 8; 14.38.1; 14.39.1; 14.43.2; 14.49.2–3; 14.50; 14.51.2; 14.54.3; 15.34; 15.36.1.3; 15.39; 15.40.5; 15.42; 15.45.2; 15.46.3; 15.46.4 no. 3; 15.47.1; 15.48; 15.49.2; 15.50; 15.51.3; 15.51.5; 15.51.6; 15.51.8
al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Khwārazm Shāh Abū l-ʿAbbās Maʾmūn ibn Maʾmūn = Maʾmūn II ibn Maʾmūn I, Abū l-ʿAbbās (reg. 399–407/1009–1017)
11.12 no. 8
al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn Zankī (or Zangī), ruler of Aleppo and Damascus, founder of al-Bīmāristān al-Nūrī (al-Nūrī hospital)
14.49.2n; 15.9; 15.12; 15.13; 15.15; 15.23.4.2; 15.24; 15.25; 15.33; 15.34; 15.35; 15.36.1; 15.37; 15.38; 15.39; 15.46.3; 15.50; 15.51; 15.52.1; 15.53
al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Sayf al-Dīn Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb see al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Ayyūb
al-Malik al-Afḍal Nūr al-Dīn ʿAlī, Saladin’s eldest son
14.39.1; 14.39.4 no. 3; 15.28; 15.40.3
al-Malik al-Afḍal Shahanshāh ibn Amīr al-Juyūsh (d. 515/1121), Fatimid commander
13.58.2.1; 13.58.2.2; 13.58.4.4
al-Malik ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Dāwūd ibn Bahrām (also known as Dāwūd Shāh), governor of Erzinjān (d. 624/1225)
15.40.5; 15.40.9 no. 96
al-Malik al-Amjad Majd al-Dīn Bahrām Shāh ibn ʿIzz al-dīn Farrukh Shāh ibn Shāhinshāh ibn Ayyūb, Ayyubid ruler (d. 628/1230)
15.20 no. 1; 15.48; 15.49.1; 15.51.2; 15.51.11 nos. 1, 6
al-Malik al-Ankūr, probably = (Malik) al-Inkitār (‘(King of) l’ Angleterre’), name of Richard I
15.50.6
al-Malik al-Ashraf Abū al-Fatḥ Mūsā, son of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb = al-Malik al-Ashraf I Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀdil II Abū Bakr Sayf al-Dīn, Abū l-Fatḥ Muẓaffar al-Dīn, of Diyarbakr, Ayyubid ruler (reg. 626–635/1229–1237)
15.11.2; 15.35; 15.36.1.1; 15.46.3; 15.47.1; 15.50.5; 15.51; 15.52.1; 15.53
al-Malik al-Ashraf Shāh Arman Mūsā, the son of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb (?identical with al-Malik al-Ashraf Abū al-Fatḥ Mūsā)
15.46.4 no. 3; 15.52
al-Malik al-Ashraf, the son of al-Malik al-Manṣūr, the ruler of Homs
15.56.1
al-Malik al-Awḥad Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb, son of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb, Ayyubid ruler of the city of Khilāṭ
15.46.3
al-Malik al-ʿAzīz, Fatimid caliph (reg. 365–386/975–96)
14.54.3n
al-Malik al-ʿAzīz Uthmān, Ayyubid ruler of Egypt, son of Saladin
14.37; 14.44.2; 15.22 no. 17; 15.40.3; 15.40.9 no. 23; 15.51.1
al-Malik Bahāʾ al-Dawlah ibn ʿAḍud al-Dawlah = Abū Naṣr Bahāʾ al-Dawlah Fīrūz b. Fanā Khusraw ʿAḍud al-Dawlah, Būyid prince (reg. 388–403/998–1012)
11.10
al-Malik al-Fāʾiz Ibrāhīm ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil I, Ayyubid prince
15.29
al-Malik al-Ḥāfiẓ Nūr al-Dīn Arslān Shāh ibn Abī bakr ibn Ayyūb, Ayyubid governor
15.32
Mālik ibn al-Hārith al-Nakhaʿī, known as al-Ashtar, supporter of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib
7.5.6
Mālik ibn Wuhayb al-Ishbīlī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh, Sevillian polymath (d. 252/1130)
13.59.2.2
al-Malik al-Jawād Muẓaffar al-Dīn Yūnus ibn Shams al-Dīn Mamdūd ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil, Ayyubid ruler of Damascus
15.50.6; 15.52.1
al-Malik al-Kāmil ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil (= al-Malik al-Kāmil I Nāṣir al-Dīn = al-Malik al-Kāmil I Muḥammad ibn al-ʿĀdil I Muḥammad or Aḥmad Sayf al-Dīn, Abū l-Maʿālī Nāṣir al-Dīn), Ayyubid ruler of Egypt (reg. 615–635/1218–1238)
14.45; 14.47.2; 14.49.2; 15.35; 15.37; 15.50.3
al-Malik al-Kāmil Muḥammad ibn Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb (573–635/1177–1238), fourth Ayyubid sultan in Egypt
14.22.2n; 14.40.1; 14.44.2; 14.45; 14.49.2;14.51.2; 14.53; 14.54.3; 14.54.4; 14.54.4–6; 14.54.8; 14.54.9; 14.54.10; 14.54.11; 14.56.1; 14.57.1; 14.57.3; 14.58.3; 15.37.3; 15.40.9 no. 14; 15.49.2; 15.50; 15.51.4
al-Malik al-Manṣūr Nāṣir al-Dīn Abū l-Maʿālī Muḥammad ibn al-Malik al-Muẓaffar Taqī al-Dīn ʿUmar ibn Shāhinshāh ibn Ayyūb, Ayyubid ruler of Hama
15.22; 15.24; 15.46.3; 15.54
al-Malik al-Manṣūr ʿIzz al-Dīn Taqī al-Dīn Abū Saʿīd Farrukh Shāh Dāwūd, Ayyubid ruler of Baalbek and Damascus
15.49.1; 15.51.2
al-Malik al-Manṣūr = al-Malik al-Mujāhid Shīrkūh II ibn al-Qāhir Muḥammad Nāsir al-Dīn, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn, lord of Homs (reg. 581–637/1186–1240)
15.31.1; 15.31 no. 22
al-Malik al-Masʿūd, Lord of Āmid
15.56.1
al-Malik al-Masʿūd Aqsīs ibn al-Malik al-Kāmil = al-Masʿūd Yusuf, son of al-Malik al-Kāmil, emir of Yemen
14.57.1
al-Malik al-Muʾayyad Najm al-Dīn Masʿūd, son of al-Malik al-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb
15.51.11 no. 3
al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam Sharaf al-Dīn ʿĪsā ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil I, Ayyubid ruler of Damascus (576–624/1180–1227). Ayyubid ruler of Damascus
14.50; 14.53; 14.56.1; 15.19; 15.22; 15.29; 15.36.1; 15.43.1; 15.43.3; 15.45.2; 15.45.3 no. 1; 15.50.3; 15.51
al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam Shihāb al-Dawlah Abū l-Fatḥ Mawdūd ibn Masʿūd ibn Mahmūd
11.15 no. 1
al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam Tūrānshāh, son of al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb
14.54.3
al-Malik al-Muʿizz ʿIzz al-Dīn Aybak al-Turkumānī, Mamlūk ruler of Egypt (reg.648–655/1250–1255)
15.32; 15.49.3; 15.49.4; 15.49.6
al-Malik al-Muẓaffar Quṭuz al-Muʿizzī, Sayf al-Dīn, Baḥrī Mamlūk (reg. 657–658/1259–1260)
11.13.7.9; 15.32
al-Malik al-Muẓaffar Taqī al-Dīn ʿUmar ibn al-Malik al-Amjad Bahrām Shāh ibn Farrukh Shāh ibn Shāhinshāh ibn Ayyūb
15.20; 15.24
al-Malik al-Muẓaffar I ʿUmar ibn Shāhanshāh Nūr al-Dīn, Abū Saʿīd Taqī al-Dīn, Ayyubid ruler of Hama (reg. 574/1178–587/1191)
15.24
al-Malik al-Mujāhid Shīrkūh II ibn al-Qāhir Muḥammad Nāsir al-Dīn, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn
(reg. 581/1186–637/1240)–
al-Malik al-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Abū l-Muẓaffar Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb, Ayyubid ruler (d. 1260)
15.11.1; 15.11.2; 15.54(?)
al-Malik al-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Dāʾūd ibn al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam (= al-Malik al-Nāṣir II Dāʾūd ibn al-Muʿaẓẓam ʿĪsā Sharaf al-Dīn, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn), Ayyubid ruler of Damascus (reg. 624–626/1227–1229, d. 1259)
15.21; 15.35; 15.42; 15.43.3; 15.45.2; 15.51
al-Malik al-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb see Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn (Saladin)
al-Malik al-Nāṣir II Yūsuf ibn al-ʿAzīz Muḥammad Ghiyāth al-Dīn II, Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn, Ayyubid ruler of Aleppo (reg. 634–658/1236–1260)
15.32; 15.49.3; 15.51; 15.54
Malik al-Nuḥāh ‘King of Grammarians’, Abū Nizār al-Ḥasan ibn Ṣāfī (d. 568/1173)
15.8.12
al-Malik al-Qāhir Muḥammad ibn Shīrkūh I Asad al-Dīn ibn Shādhī, Naṣīr al-Dīn (also known as Asad al-Dīn Shīrkūh), lord of Homs (reg. 574–581/1178–1186)
15.23.4.1
al-Malik al-Saʿīd Ghāzī ibn al-Malik al-Manṣūr, Artuqid ruler of Mardin
15.58.5
al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ II Ayyūb ibn al-Kāmil Muḥammad Nāṣir al-Dīn, Najm al-Dīn, Ayyubid ruler of Egypt (reg. 638–647/1240–1249)
14.32.2; 14.45; 14.54.3; 14.55.3; 14.56.1; 14.56.3; 14.56.2; 14.56.4 no. 1; 14.58.3; 14.58.4 no. 3; 15.31.1; 15.49; 15.52.1
al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ ʿImād al-Dīn Abū l-Fidāʾ Ismāʿīl ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb – (reg. 635/1237–1238 and 637–643/1239–1245), Ayyubid ruler of Damascus and Egypt
15.20; 15.49.2; 15.50; 15.51
al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Ghāzī ibn Yūsuf, Ayyubid ruler of Aleppo (d. 613/1216)
10.75.2; 15.18.1; 15.18.1.3; 15.23.2.1; 15.30; 15.40; 15.50.6
al-Malik al-Ẓāhir Rukn al-Dīn, Baybars I al-Bunduqdārī, Baḥrī Mamlūk, fourth Mamlūk ruler of Egypt (reg. 658–676/1260–1277)
14.46; 14.54.3; 14.55.1; 14.55.2; 14.55.3; 15.32
al-Maʾmūn, seventh Abbasid caliph (reg. 198–218/813–833)
8.3.5; 8.3.11n; 8.3.13; 8.3.15n; 8.3.17; 8.3.20; 8.3.22; 8.3.23; 8.4.2n; 8.13; 8.15.1n; 8.20.4n; 8.21.1n; 8.25.7n; 8.26.17n; 8.29.3n; 9.12; 9.32n; 9.40n; 9.41; 10.1.3; 10.1.14 no. 22; 12.3 no. 1; 14.25.1n; AII.2.2n
al-Maʾmūn, Yaḥyā ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Dhī l-Nūn, king of the ṭāʾifah of Toledo (reg. 435–467/1043–1074)
13.38.2; 13.39.2; 13.45
Maʾmūn ibn Maʾmūn (recte Muḥammad) see Khwārazmshāh Abū l-ʿAbbās Maʾmūn
al-Manāwī, author of a commentary on the Hippocratic Aphorisms
15.60.2n
Mani (Mānī), founder of Manicheism (d. 276)
5.1.8.2n
Manichaeans
10.1.14 nos. 114, 171
Mankah al-Hindī (Māṇikya), Indian physician and translator under Hārūn al-Rashīd
12.1n; 12.2 no. 6n; 12.3 no. 1; 12.5
al-Manṣūr, Abbasid caliph (reg. 136–158/754–75)
8.1; 8.2; 8.3.4n; 8.3.10n; 8.3.17n; 8.8n; 8.181.1n; 8.25.2n; 8.29.5n; 8.29.8n; 9.1; 9.31n; 9.41n; 11.2; 12.5n; 14.1
al-Manṣūr ibn Abī ʿĀmir, chamberlain of al-Ḥakam II and de facto ruler of al-Andalus between 368–392/978–1002
13.29.1; 13.35 no. 3; 13.52
Manṣūr ibn Bānās, translator
9.34
Manṣūr ibn Dubays, Bahāʾ al-Dawlah, Mazyadid ruler (reg. 474–479/1082–1086)
10.64.2
al-Manṣūr ibn Ismāʿīl [ibn Khāqān], ‘Governor of Khorasan and Transoxiana’ to whom IAU (apparently in error) says al-Rāzī dedicated his book al-Manṣūrī
11.5.9; 11.5.14
Manṣūr ibn Ṭalḥah ibn Ṭāhir ibn al-Ḥusayn (active 3rd/9th c.), philosopher and Ṭāhirid governor
11.5.25 no. 165
al-Manṣūr, Yaʿqūb Abū Yūsuf ibn ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, third Almohad ruler (r 580–595/1184–1199)
13.63.3; 13.63.5; 13.66.3.; 13.66.4; 13.68.3; 13.72; 13.73; 13.74; 13.77; 13.79; 13.83; 13.85
Manṣūr al-Namarī, poet of the 2nd/8th c.
13.63.8.2
Mantias, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.2; 4.11.2
al-Manṭiqī see Abū Sulaymān Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir
al-Maqrīzī, Taqī al-Dīn (d. 845/1442), Egyptian historian
AII.16
Mar Elias see Elias of Nisibis
Marcian, 5th-c. emperor
6.1.3
Marcus, physician of antiquity, pupil of Ghūrus
3.2; 4.1.10.5
al-Māridīnī, Fakhr al-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Salām, physician and teacher of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī al-Maqtūl and Sadīd al-Dīn ibn Raqīqah
10.64.18; 10.75; 15.18.1; 15.29; 15.46.1; 15.46.2; 15.46.3; 15.46.3.9; 15.50
Marinus, late-antique physician
3.6; 5.2.1
Marinus of Alexandria, 2nd-c. anatomist
5.1.37 no. 22
Marinus, a king of the Greeks, perhaps to be identified with the mythological hero Minos
7.2.2
Marius ‘the Methodist’ see Thessalus
Marsyas, legendary Phrygian satyr associated with music
1.1n
Martialius, 2nd-c. anatomist at Rome
5.1.10.1; 5.1.10.2
Maʿrūf al-Karkhī, ascetic, Sufi and traditionalist (d. 200/815–816)
15.51.7
Mārūt, one of the two angels who descended to earth in Babylon
10.68.2.2n; 15.56.1n
Marwān ibn ʿAlī ibn Salāmah al-Fanakī see Ḥujjat al-Dīn
Marwān ibn al-Ḥakam, Umayyad caliph (reg. 646–645/684–5)
7.5.6; 8.19.2n
Marwān ibn Janāḥ, Andalusian physician and philologist
13.47
Marwān (II) ibn Muḥammad al-Jaʿdī al-Ḥimār (reg. 127–132/744–50), last Umayyad caliph
15.31.1n
Maryam bint Bukhtīshūʿ, sister of Jibrīl ibn Bukhtīshūʿ, mother of Jūrjis ibn Mīkhāʾīl
8.15
al-Maryamī, probably the 3rd/9th-c. Egyptian poet al-Qāsim ibn Yaḥyā al-Maryamī
13.58
al-Marzubānī, Abū ʿUbayd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿImrān, 4th/10th-c. scholar
8.29.15n
al-Marzūqī, Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan, author of a commentary on the Ḥamāsah of Abū Tammām
7.2.3n; 8.29.15n
Māsarjawayh (also Māsarjīs, Persian Māsargōye), Jewish Umayyad physician and translator
6.5.1; 8.19; 9.8
Māsarjīs see Māsarjawayh
Māsawayh, son of Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
8.26.12
Māsawayh Abū Yūḥannā, physician in the service of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.25
al-Maṣdūm, Abū l-Ḥusayn ibn Asdūn, Andalusian physician
13.62.3; 13.63.6; 13.77; 13.78
Māshāʾallāh, astrologer courtier of Hārūn al-Rashīd
12.1n
al-Masīḥ, Christ, the Messiah
5.1.4; 5.1.5; 5.1.6; 5.1.7; 5.1.8; 5.1.11; 5.1.12.1–2; 5.1.13; 5.1.14; 5.1.21.2; 8.5; 8.26; 8.29; 11.13.7(p); 15.8.1(p); 15.51.3(p); 15.58.7(p); see also Christians/Christianity
Masīḥ ibn Ḥakam, physician at the court of Hārūn al-Rashīd
12.5n
al-Masīḥī see Abū Sahl al-Masīḥī
Maslamah, transmitter
7.2.3
Maslamah ibn Aḥmad see al-Majrīṭī
Masrūr, ghulām of al-Muʿtaḍid
10.10.2
Masrūr al-Kabīr (Masrūr al-Khādim al-Kabīr), eunuch, transmitter, fictional companion of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.20.4n; 12.6
Masrūr Samānah, eunuch associate of al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20.4
al-Mastūr, Abū l-Faraj al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad, grammarian and poet (d. 392/1001–1002)
10.64
Masʿūd ibn Maḥmūd ibn Sebüktegin (reg. 421–432/1030–1040), ruler of Ghaznah
11.13.3.17; 11.13.8 no. 5; 11.15 no. 13
al-Masʿūdī, Abu l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, author of historical and geographical works (d. 345/956)
4.6.1; 4.6.3.3; 5.1.6; 7.5.5n; 7.5.6n; 7.6n; 8.3.7n; 8.3.16n; 8.29.11n; 8.29.22n; 11.5.25 no. 201
Maternus, Triarius Maternus Lasciuius, Roman consul
5.1.12.2
Mattā ibn Yūnān (or Yūnus) see Abū Bishr Mattā
Matthaeus the Elder, physician of antiquity, pupil of Mēnas
3.3
Matthaeus the Younger, physician of antiquity
3.4
al-Māwardī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn Ḥabīb, Shāfiʿite jurist (d. 450/1058)
10.38.4
Maximinus, physician of antiquity
3.6
al-Maydānī, Abū l-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, philologist (d. 518/1124)
7.1.6n; 7.5.5n
al-Maymandī, Shams al-Kufāh Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥasan, Ghaznavid vizier (d. 424/1032)
11.13
Maymūn ibn Hārūn, kātib (d. 297/909–910)
8.3.13
Maymūn ibn Qays ibn Thaʿlabah al-Aʿshā, poet (d. after 3/625)
10.1.2; 11.9.2.5n
Maymūn al-Qaṣrī, Fāris al-Dīn, Ayyubid ruler of Sidon and Nablus (d. 611/1214)
15.23.2.2
al-Māzyār ibn Qārin (d. 225/840), last of the Qārinid rulers of Tabaristan
11.4
Melissus, Empiricist physician of antiquity
3.5; 4.1.11.3
Melkites (al-Malakiyyah)
14.1; 14.6n; 14.10n; 14.15; 14.54.1n; 15.23.1n; 15.43.1
Menalcus, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Mēnas, legendary Greek physician
3.2; 3.3
Menelaus, Greek author on spherics
14.22.3.2n; 15.31.6n
Menemachus, Methodist physician of antiquity
3.5
Menodotus, 2nd-c. empiricist physician
5.1.37 no. 110
Methodists, school of ancient Greek physicians
1.1; 4.1.10.1
Miʾat Alf, the mother of Abū l-ʿAshāʾir (probably Abū l-ʿAshāʾir [Jaysh] ibn Khumārawayh, third ruler of the Tulunid dynasty)
14.4.4
Michael the Syncellus, brother of Theodore at Mar Saba
9.23n
Mihrawayh ibn Shahriyār, Khorasanian prince
8.10.3
Mihyār al-Daylamī, poet (d. 428/1036–1037)
10.38.4
Mīkhāʾīl, son-in-law of Jibrīl ibn Bukhtīshūʿ
8.3.5; 8.3.16; 8.3.20
Mīkhāʾīl ibn Māsawayh, personal physician to al-Maʾmūn, brother of Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
8.25.1; 8.27; 8.29.3n
Milo of Agrigento, physician of antiquity
3.6
Milo of Croton, Greek athlete
4.3.4.3; 5.1.35n
Milon the Second, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.2
al-Minfākh see Muwaffaq al-Dīn al-Minfākh
Miskawayh, Abū ʿAlī Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, philosopher and historian (d. 421/1030)
10.45; 10.64.20 no. 5
al-Mismaʿī al-Mutakallim
11.5.25 no. 73
Mithridates, king of Pontus
4.1.10.2; 8.20.11n
al-Miṭwāʿ see Shams al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl ibn Abī l-Faraj
Mnaseas, Methodist physician of antiquity
3.5
Mnesarchus, pupil of Hippocrates and father of Pythagoras
4.1.10.1; 4.3.4.1
Mnesitheus, Athenian Dogmatist physician
4.1.10.4
Modestus, physician of antiquity, pupil of Ghūrus
3.2
Mongols see al-Tatar
Moses see Mūsā
the Mouse (al-Faʾr, al-Fār, perhaps = Alvar), Andalusī physician
13.62.2.3
Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān, founder of Umayyad dynasty (reg. 41–60/661–680)
7.1.1; 7.5.1; 7.5.2; 7.5.3
Muʿāwiyah ibn al-Ḥārith al-Akbar, pre-Islamic chieftain in Hadramaut, ancestor of al-Kindī
10.1
Muʿāwiyah ibn Jabalah, pre-Islamic chieftain of the Banū l-Ḥārith al-Aṣghar in Hadramaut, ancestor of al-Kindī
10.1.3
Muʿāwiyah ibn Yaḥyā, transmitter
10.2.2.1
Muʾayyid al-Dīn, the son of Ibn al-Ṣāʾigh al-ʿAntarī
10.69.3.1
Muʾayyid al-Dīn Abū Ismāʿīl al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī, vizier
11.21 no. 1
Muʾayyid al-Dīn Abū l-Fawāris al-Musayyab ibn ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn, also known as Ibn al-Ṣūfī, vizier in Damascus under Muʿīn al-Dīn Unur
15.8.4
Muʾayyid al-Dīn al-ʿUrḍī (ca. 596–664/ca. 1200–1266), teacher of Ibn al-Quff
15.60.1
Mubārak ibn Abī l-Khayr Salāmah ibn Mubārak ibn Raḥmūn see Mubārak ibn Salāmah ibn Raḥmūn
Mubārak ibn Salāmah ibn Raḥmūn, physician in Egypt
14.28
al-Mubarrad, Abū l-ʿAbbās Muḥammad ibn Yazīd al-Azdī, philologist, grammarian (d. 285/898)
15.40.2
al-Mubashshir ibn Fātik, Maḥmūd al-Dawlah Abū l-Wafāʾ (5th/11th c.), author of Mukhtār al-ḥikam
1.4; 2.1.3; 2.1.7; 4.1.5n; 4.1.7; 4.1.8.1n; 4.1.10.2n; 4.3.3n; 4.3.4.1; 4.3.4.2n; 4.3.5; 4.4.2.1; 4.4.24n; 4.4.2.5; 4.4.4; 4.5.1n; 4.5.3; 4.6.2.1n; 4.6.3.1; 4.6.3.2; 4.6.3.4; 4.6.8n; 4.6.11; 5.1.21.1; 5.1.23; 5.1.35; 10.22.3; 14.23; 14.27.1
Muḍar ibn Nizār ibn Maʿadd ibn ʿAdnān, ancestor of one of the main branches of the ‘Northern Arabs’
8.10.4n; 15.33(p); 15.46.2(p)
al-Mufaḍḍal ibn Zimām, mawlā (client) of al-Mahdī
10.5.2
al-Mufashkil, unidentified Jewish physician lampooned by Abū l-Ḥakam al-Maghribī
15.8.11
al-Mufīd, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Nuʿmān al-Ḥārithī al-ʿUkbarī, Imāmī Shiite theologian (d. 413/1032)
14.25.9 no. 40n
al-Muhadhdhab Abū Saʿīd ibn Abi Sulayman see Abū Saʿīd ibn Abi Sulayman
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī (known as al-Dakhwār), high-ranking Syrian physician teacher of IAU, Ibn al-Nafīs and Ibn Qāḍī Baʿlabakk (d. 628/1230)
10.64.4; 10.66.3; 10.68.1.3; 10.68.2.1; 10.75.2; 11.12; 14.54.2; 14.56.1; 15.3.1.1; 15.3.1.4; 15.23.4.1; 15.23.4.2; 15.31.1; 15.32; 15.37.1; 15.42; 15.43.1; 15.50; 15.51; 15.52.1; 15.53; 15.54; 15.56.1; 15.56.2 no. 2; 15.57.1; AI.2
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Khaḍir (or al-Khiḍr) al-Ḥalabī see Ibn al-Khaḍir al-Ḥalabī
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Abū Saʿīd Muḥammad ibn Abī Ḥulayqah, Egyptian physician b. 620/1223
14.54.14; 14.55
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Aḥmad see Ibn al-Ḥājib
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn Habal see Ibn Habal
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn al-Naqqāsh (Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Abī ʿAbd Allāh ʿĪsā ibn Hibat Allāh al-Naqqāsh al-Baghdādī), Damascus physician
10.64.19.1n; 14.31.5; 14.44.2; 15.13; 15.14; 15.23.1; 15.24; 15.36.1; 15.48
Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Abī Saʿīd al-Sāmirī, Samaritan philosopher and physician (d. 624/1227)
15.48; 15.49.1
al-Muhājir ibn Khālid ibn al-Walīd, son of the celebrated commander Khālid ibn al-Walīd
7.5.2; 7.5.3
Muḥammad, Prophet, Messenger of God
7.1.5; 10.1.2; 10.2.2.1; 10.2.2.2; 10.68.2.4(p) (‘Aḥmad’); 10.81.3; 11.19.6.2(p); 11.19.7 no. 11; 14.22.5.1 no. 7; 14.25.9 no. 80; 14.31.8n; 15.1.5 no. 62; 15.18.2(p); 15.31.2(p); 15.31.4(p); 15.46.2; 15.46.3.10(p); 15.51.7
Muḥammad, son of the caliph al-Mutawakkil
8.20.5n
Muḥammad, son of caliph al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
10.76.2
Muḥammad I al-Awṣat, fifth Umayyad emir of al-Andalus (reg. 238–272/852–86)
13.12; 13.13; 13.18
Muḥammad al-Amīn see al-Amīn
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥasan (or al-Ḥasan), known as ‘The Pure Soul’ (al-Nafs al-Zakiyyah), 2nd/8th-c. ʿAlid rebel
8.18.1
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masarrah al-Jabalī see Ibn Masarrah
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, son of Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ and secretary to al-Manṣūr
11.2n
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṭāhir, head of police under al-Mutawakkil (d. 253/876)
8.4.10; 8.29.15n
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Bāqī al-Bazzār, poet
15.51.5n
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn al-Zayyāt see Ibn al-Zayyāt
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdūn al-Jabalī al-ʿIdwī, Andalusian physician (active 350/960)
13.29.2; 13.34; 13.37; 13.38.1
Muḥammad ibn Abī l-ʿAbbās see al-Saffāḥ
Muḥammad ibn Abī Ayyūb ibn al-Rashīd, grandson of Hārūn al-Rashīd; and patient of Yuhanna ibn Masawayh
8.26.11
Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr, governor of Egypt in the caliphate of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib
7.5.6
Muḥammad ibn Abī l-Faḍl al-Ṭūsī, governor of Ṭūs
10.8.4
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Abī l-Ashʿath, son of Aḥmad ibn Abī l-Ashʿath
10.46.3
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Ṣāliḥ al-ʿAbdī, unidentified westerner physician
13.61.3.1
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Tamīmī al-Maqdisī, author of Māddat al-baqāʾ
4.5.1n; 15.40.9 no. 35
Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī, al-Bāqir, fifth Imam of theTwelver Shi’is
15.51.7
Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Khallāl al-Baṣrī, Abū l-Ḥusayn, source of al-Tanūkhī
11.5.11
Muḥammad ibn Hārūn ibn Makhlad ‘Kubbah al-Kātib’, 3rd/9th-c. poet
13.58
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥajjāj ibn Yūsuf
7.9.4
Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan al-Warrāq, source quoted by Ibn al-Nadīm
11.5.9
Muḥammad ibn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAbbādah, 5th/11th-c. Andalusian grammarian
8.29.8n
Muḥammad ibn Isḥāq, transmitter
7.2.3
Muḥammad ibn al-Jahm (active 3rd/8th c.), Muʿtazilite philosoper and official
10.1.14 no. 190
Muḥammad ibn Jarīr al-Ṭabarī see al-Ṭabarī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad
Muḥammad ibn Khalaf al-Marzubān, 3rd/9th-c. scholar and translator
7.10
Muḥammad ibn Maḥmūd Khwārazmshāh, Sejljūq sultan (d. 554/1159)
10.63.3
Muḥammad ibn Malik-Shāh Abū Shujāʿ Ghiyāth al-Dunyā wa-l-Dīn, Seljuq ruler (reg. 498–511/1105–1118)
10.64.19.16(p); 10.66.9 no. 2
Muḥammad ibn Marwān Ibn Zuhr al-Iyādī, father of Abū Marwān ibn Zuhr
13.60.1
Muḥammad ibn Maymūn Markūsh, Andalusian grammarian and poet
13.29.2
Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥasanī see al-Sharīf Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥasanī
Muḥammad ibn Mūsā, Abū Jaʿfar al-Munajjim (‘the astrologer’), son of Mūsā ibn Shākir, patron of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
8.29.22 no. 29; 9.19n; 9.40; 9.47n; 10.3.2.3; 10.3.14 no. 95
Muḥammad ibn Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, patron of translators, perhaps = Abū ʿImrān Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Hishām al-Iṣbahānī, high official under al-Mutawakkil (d. 246/860–861)
9.43
Muḥammad ibn Saʿd, uncle of Saʿīd ibn al-Umawī, a source for Ibn Juljul
7.1.6
Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd ibn Hishām al-Ḥajarī see Ibn Mulsāqah
Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd al-Ṭabīb, one of the Andalusī translators of De Materia Medica
13.36.2.3
Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ, 3rd/9th-c. Abbasid prince
8.8.4
Muḥammad ibn Sallām al-Jumaḥī, traditionist and author of Ṭabaqāt al-shuʿarāʾ (d. ca. 231–232/845–6)
8.7; 8.26.17
Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān ibn al-Hādī, known as Ibn Mashghūf, grandson of al-Hādī (reg. 785–786)
8.26.12
Muḥammad ibn Ṣāliḥ ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-ʿAlawī (d. 252/866–867 or 255/868–869)
AII.2.1
Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir ibn al-Ḥusayn
8.19.3
Muḥammad ibn Tamlīkh, 4th/10th-c. Andalusian physician and judge
13.27
Muḥammad ibn Thawāb, known as Abū l-Thallāj (?Abū l-Falāḥ), Iraqi physician, disciple of Ibn Abī l-Ashʿath
10.46.2; 10.46.4 nos. 1, 4; 10.47; 15.4
Muḥammad ibn Tawwāb al-Mawṣilī
15.4n
Muḥammad ibn Ṭughj see Ibn Ṭughj
Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn Yaḥyā, Abū l-Ḥasan, al-Sharīf
10.8.5; 10.8.7
Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, unidentified
14.36.2
Muḥammad ibn Yasīr, poet
8.29.22n
Muḥammad al-Sāʿātī, clockmaker and chronometrist, father of Fakhr al-Dīn Riḍwān al-Sāʿātī
15.29
Muḥammad al-Shajjār, one of the Andalusī translators of De Materia Medica
13.36.2.3
al-Muḥassin ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ṣābiʾ (d. 410/1010), father of Hilāl al-al-Ṣābiʾ
10.4.9; 10.8.8; 10.8.9
al-Muhtadī bi-Allāh, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Wāthiq, son and successor to al-Wāthiq (reg. 255–256/869–70)
8.4.4; 8.16; 8.23.3n
Muḥyī l-Dīn, Abū l-Maʿālī Muḥammad ibn al-qāḍīʿAlī Zakī al-Dīn (d. 598/1202), chief judge of Damascus
15.50; 15.33
Muḥyī l-Dīn, judge of Marand
11.19.2
Muḥyī l-Dīn ibn (al-)ʿArabī see Ibn ʿArabī
Muʿīn al-Dīn ibn Raqīqah, brother of Sadīd ibn Raqīqah
15.46.1
Muʿīn al-Dīn, Father of Khunad or Khwand Khātūn, the wife of Saladin
15.23.2
Muʿīn al-Dīn ibn Shaykh al-Shuyūkh, Ayyubid emir
15.49.2
Muʿīn al-Dīn Unur
15.8.4n
al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh, Maʿadd, fourth Fāṭimid caliph (reg. 341–364/953–75)
14.14.3; 14.9; 14.15n; 14.22.3.1n
Muʿizz al-Dawlah, founder of Būyid rule in Baghdad (d. 356/967)
8.5.2; 10.27
Muʿizz al-Dawlah Thimāl ibn Ṣāliḥ, Mirdāsid ruler of Aleppo (reg. 442–449/1050–1057–8)
10.38.2
Mujāhid al-ʿĀmirī, ruler of the ṭāʾifah of Denia (reg. 405–436/1014–1044/45)
13.7; 13.48; 13.60.2
Mujāhid al-Dīn Qaymāz
10.81.2
al-Muktafī, Abbasid caliph (reg. 288–295/902–908)
8.30.1n; 9.26n; 14.5n
Mumahhid al-Dawlah, Abū Manṣūr, ruler from the Marwānid dynasty at Mayyāfāriqīn
8.5.4; 8.5.5; 10.27
Munaḥḥim ibn al-Fawwāl, Andalusian physician
13.46
al-Munayḥī, Abū l-Ghawth ibn Niḥrīr, 4th/10th-c. poet
10.64
Muʾnis al-Faḥl, chief of police under al-Muʿtaḍid
10.2.3.1
Muʾnis al-Khādim, servant of al-Muʿtaḍid
10.10.5
Munkar, Islamic angel
15.8.11(p)
al-Muntaṣir bi-Allāh, eleventh Abbasid caliph (reg. 247–248/861–62) – 8.4.3al-Muqtadir bi-Allāh (Abū l-Faḍl Jaʿfar ibn Aḥmad al-Muʿtaḍid), Abbasid caliph (reg. 295–320/908–932)
8.5.2; 8.26.16n; 8.33; 9.36n; 14.5n; 15.1.3; 15.1.3.2
al-Muqbilī, Abū Naṣr Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf, Iraqi physician
10.55
al-Muqtadī bi-amr Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 476–478/1075–1094)
10.58.1; 10.58.5 no. 1; 10.59.1; 10.59.2 nos. 1, 2, 3
al-Muqtadir bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 295–320/908–932)
10.4.1; 10.4.4.1; 10.4.6; 10.4.7; 10.5.1; 10.44.1
al-Muqtafī li-amr Allāh (Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Mustaẓhir), Abbasid caliph (reg. 530–555/1136–1160)
10.63.3; 10.68.1.4; 10.72
Murshid, unidentified
10.62.3(p)
Mūsā ‘the blind’, Abbasid prince
8.10.3
Mūsā, Moses
10.51.2(p); 13.50; 15.17(p); 15.46; 15.40.3; 15.46.3.6(p); 15.56.1n
Mūsā al-Hādī see al-Hādī
Mūsā ibn ʿAbd al-Malik, secretary to the caliph al-Mutawakkil (reg. 232–247/847–61)
8.12; 9.43n
Mūsā ibn Abī l-ʿAbbās al-Shāshī, governor of al-Shāsh (Tashkent)
8.10.4
Mūsā ibn Abī l-Faraj ibn al-Daḥḥāk
AII.2.2n
Mūsā ibn al-ʿAyzār see Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀzār al-Isrāʾīlī
Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀzār al-Isrāʾīlī, physician in the service of al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh
14.9
Mūsā ibn Isrāʾīl al-Kūfī (129–222/746–747–837), personal physician of Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī
8.18
Mūsā ibn Jaʿfar, al-Kāẓim, seventh Imam of the Twelver Shi’is
15.51.7
Mūsā ibn Khālid ‘the Translator’ (al-turjumān), pupil of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
8.29.8; 9.20
Mūsā ibn Maymūn, Moses Maimonides, Abū ʿImrān al-Qurṭubī (527–606/1135–1208) Jewish theologian, philosopher and physician
14.38.1n; 14.39; 14.40.1n; 15.40.3; 15.51.1
Mūsā ibn Muḥammad ibn Saʿīd ibn Mūsā ibn Ḥudayr, vizier under ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III
13.21.2.1
Mūsā ibn Yūsuf ibn Sayyār, Abū Māhir, physician
10.24; 10.25
Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj, compiler of a canonical collection of hadiths (d. 261/875)
7.1.5n
Muslim ibn al-Walīd, poet (d. 207/823)
10.64.19.5n, 13.63.8.2n
al-Mustaḍīʾ bi-amr Allāh, Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn al-Mustanjid, Abbasid caliph (reg. 566–575/1170–1180)
10.63.2; 10.64.5
al-Mustaʿīn, Abbasid caliph (reg. 248–252/862–66)
8.4.3; 8.4.8n; 8.23.1n; 10.1.6
al-Mustaʿīn bi-Allāh, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad ibn Hūd, ruler of the tāʾifah of Saragossa (reg. 478–503/1085–1110)
13.57
al-Mustakfī bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 333–334/944–46)
10.5.1
al-Mustanjid bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 555–566/1160–1170)
10.63.2; 10.64.5; 10.66.1
al-Mustanṣir (Abū Tamīm Maʿadd al-Mustanṣir bi-Allāh), Fatimid caliph (420–487/1029–1094)
10.38; 14.25.3n; 14.25.5; 14.26.3 no. 2n
al-Mustanṣir bi-Allāh (Abū Jaʿfar al-Mustanṣir al-Manṣūr ibn al-Ẓāhir), Abbasid caliph (reg. 623–640/1226–1242)
8.4.3n; 10.38.3; 5.35; 15.40.7
al-Mustarshid bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 512–529/1118–1135)
10.62.1
al-Mustaẓhir bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 487–512/1094–1118)
10.58.1; 10.61
al-Muʿtaḍid bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 279–289/892–902)
10.2.3.1; 10.2.3.2; 10.2.3.3; 10.2.4 no. 20; 10.3.2.3; 10.3.6; 10.3.14 no. 139; 10.10.1; 10.10.4; 10.10.5; 10.11; 10.12.2; 10.15; 14.5n; 14.11
al-Muʿtaḍid bi-Allāh Abī ʿAmr ʿAbbād ibn ʿAbbād, ruler of the tāʾifah of Seville (reg. 433–460/1042–1069)
13.61.1
al-Muʿtamar ibn al-ʿAssāl, theologian
8.29.22n
al-Muʿtamid, governor of Damascus
15.40.3
al-Muʿtamid ʿalā Allāh, Aḥmad ibn al-Mutawakkil, Abbasid caliph (reg. 256–279/870–92)
8.26.16n; 8.34; 8.32.1n; 10.14.1; 10.14.2.1; 14.5n
Mutammim ibn Nuwayrah, 1st/7th-c. poet
14.32.4(p); 15.37.4(p)
al-Mutanabbī, Abū l-Ṭayyib Aḥmad ibn al-Ḥusayn al-Juʿfī, poet (d. 354/965)
14.27.2n; 15.8.2n; 15.8.15n; 15.17n; 15.31.1n; 15.37.4n; 15.40.2; 15.40.4n; 15.46.3.6n; 15.49n (MS B); 15.52.1.2n; 15.54n
al-Muṭarriz, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī al-Sulamī al-Dimashqī, grammarian, lexicographer and adīb (d. 456/1064)
15.31.6 no. 18
al-Muʿtaṣim bi-Allāh, Muḥammad Abū Isḥāq, Abbasid caliph (reg. 218–227/833–42)
7.1.5n; 7.8.3n; 8.3.5n; 8.4.2n; 8.4.5n; 8.4.7n; 8.4.10n; 8.11n; 8.12.1n; 8.20.1; 8.20.2; 8.20.3; 8.20.4; 8.20.5; 8.20.6; 8.20.7; 8.20.11; 8.26.4; 8.26.17; 8.27.3; 9.49n; 10.1.3; 10.68.1.4; 11.4
al-Muʿtaṣim bi-Allāh, Ibn Ṣumādiḥ, emir of Almeria
13.40
al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 232–247/847–61)
8.4.1; 8.4.2; 8.4.3; 8.4.4; 8.4.7; 8.4.8; 8.4.9; 8.12.1; 8.1.2.2; 8.16; 8.20.5; 8.23.1; 8.23.2; 8.26.3; 8.26.4; 8.26.9; 8.26.12; 8.26.15; 8.26.16; 8.26.18; 8.29.7n; 8.29.9; 8.29.11; 8.29.12; 8.29.13; 8.29.16; 8.29.17; 8.29.18; 8.29.19; 8.29.20; 8.29.22; 9.43n; 9.46n; 9.49n; 10.1.7; 10.4.5; 10.10.1; 10.14.2.1; 10.68.1.4; 11.4; 13.36.2.1
Mutayyam, musician
8.3.23
Muʿtazilites, al-Muʿtazilah, ‘rationalist’ theologians
11.5.25 nos. 53, 144; 13.4; 14.22.4.3 nos. 20, 36; 14.22.5.1 nos. 11, 12
al-Muʿtazz bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 252–255/866–69)
5.1.37 no. 101; 8.4.3n; 8.4.8; 8.23.1; 8.23.2; 8.23.3
al-Muṭīʿ li-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 334–363/946–74)
10.5.1; 10.28; 10.29
al-Muttaqī, Abbasid caliph (reg. 329–333/940–44)
10.5.1
al-Muwaffaq Abū l-Barakāt ibn al-Quḍāʿī see Abū l-Barakāt ibn al-Quḍāʿī
al-Muwaffaq bi-Allāh, Ṭalḥah ibn Jaʿfar al-Mutawakkil (reg. 256–278/870–91), Abbasid prince
8.32.1; 8.32.2; 8.32.3; 10.3.6; 10.10.1; 10.10.2; 10.10.3; 10.10.4
Muwaffaq al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Sulamī, pupil of Ilyās ibn al-Muṭrān
15.24; 15.34; 15.45.1; 15.50.1; 15.50.6
Muwaffaq al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Salām, physician and philosopher
15.54
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū l-Khayr, brother of Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Abī Ḥulayqah, oculist
14.55.3
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū Naṣr ʿAdnān ibn Manṣūr see Ibn al-ʿAynzarbī
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū Shākir ibn Abī Sulaymān Dāwūd see Abū Shākir ibn Abī Sulaymān Dāwūd
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Abū Ṭāhir al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad, unidentified
10.64.19.19
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Hibat Allāh see Ibn al-Naḥḥās
Muwaffaq al-Dīn ibn al-Muṭrān see Ibn al-Muṭrān, Muwaffaq al-Dīn
Muwaffaq al-Dīn ibn al-Quff, philologist and littérateur, father of the physician Ibn al-Quff
15.60.1
Muwaffaq al-Dīn al-Minfākh, Abū l-Faḍl Asʿad ibn Ḥulwān, physician
15.55
Muwaffaq al-Dīn ibn al-Ṣaraf, physician at the al-Nūrī hospital
15.51.2
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb Ibn Siqlāb see Ibn Siqlāb
Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb al-Sāmirī (Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb ibn Ghanāʾim), Samaritan physician and philosopher
15.59; 15.60.1
al-Muwaffaq ibn Shūʿah, Jewish physician serving Saladin
14.31.2n; 14.36; 14.47.2
al-Muẓaffar, ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Abī ʿĀmir, chamberlain of al-Ḥakam II and de facto ruler of al-Andalus in 392–399/1002–1008
13.19.1
Muẓaffar ibn al-Dawātī, 5th/11th-c. official
10.61
Myrmex, servant of Aristotle
4.6.6.2
Nabataeans (al-Nabaṭ)
1.1n; 1.5 (of Iraq and Syria); 8.29.6n
Nabataeans of Iraq see Chaldaeans
al-Nābighah al-Dhubyānī, pre-Islamic poet
15.58.4n; 10.64.19.18n
al-Nābulusī, surveyor of Fayyum
9.45n
al-Naḍr ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah al-Thaqafī, opponent of the Prophet Muḥammad
7.2; 7.5.2n
al-Nadrūmī see Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Nadrūmī
Nāfashal see Nūfashal
Nāfiʿ, transmitter
10.81.3
Nāfiʿ, servant of Khālid ibn al-Muhājir ibn Khālid ibn al-Walīd
7.5.3
Nāfiʿ ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah, son of the slave-girl Sumayyah and, probably, the physician al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah
7.1.1
Nafīs al-Dīn ibn al-Zubayr, al-Qāḍī, pupil of Ibn Shūʿah and al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Raʿīs al-Ṭibb (b. 555 or 556/1160)
14.31.2; 14.31.4; 14.31.7; 14.36.3; 14.47; 15.51.1
Najāḥ al-Sharābī, Najm al-Dawlah Abū l-Yumn (d. 615/1218), official at the caliphal court
10.76.2; 10.77.2
al-Najāshī al-Ḥārithī, 1st/7th-c. poet
7.5.6n
Najīb al-Dīn Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad al-Samarqandī see al-Samarqandī, Najīb al-Dīn Abū Ḥāmid
Najm al-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ Shāh Ghāzī Malik Shāh, son of Ṭughril Beg
11.21 no. 3
Najm al-Dīn Abū l-Ghanāʾim Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-Muʿallim al-Hurthī, poet of Wāsiṭ
10.62.3
Najīb al-Dīn Asʿad al-Hamadānī (or al-Hamadhānī), philosopher from Persia
15.30
Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb, father of Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn (Saladin)
14.36.2; 15.23.5 no. 3
Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ see al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ II Ayyūb
Najm al-Dīn Ḥamzah ibn ʿĀbid al-Ṣarkhadī, transmitter
10.83.4
Najm al-Dīn ibn al-Lubūdī, physician son of Shams al-Dīn ibn al-Lubūdī
15.31
Najm al-Dīn ibn al-Minfākh, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Abī l-Fāḍl Asʿad ibn Ḥulwān nicknamed ‘the son of the singer’, physician teacher of Ibn al-Quff
15.56; 15.59 no. 2; 15.60.1
Najm al-Dīn ibn al-Ṣalāḥ see Ibn al-Ṣalāḥ
Najm al-Dīn Ilghāzī ibn Artuq see Ilghāzī ibn Artuq
Najm al-Dīn al-Qamrāwī, Abū l-Faḍāʾil Mūsā ibn Muḥammad ibn Mūsā ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿĪsā al-Kinānī (d. 651/1253), student of Kamāl al-Dīn ibn Yūnus
10.83.4
Najm al-Dīn ʿUmar ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Kuraydī, al-Qāḍī
1.9; 10.66.7; 10.83
Najm al-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Sharaf al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Asfizārī
11.19.4
Najm ibn Ṭarafah, master falconer
13.25
al-Najm al-Khabūshānī see al-Khabūshānī
Nakīr, Islamic angel
15.8.11n
Namrūd ibn Kūsh see Nimrod, son of Cush
Nāqil al-Hindī
12.2 no. 13
Narses the Roman, late-antique physician
5.2.1
al-Nāshiʾ al-Akbar, Abū l-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mālik al-Anbārī, also known as Ibn Shirshīr (d. 293/906), poet and Muʿtazilite theologian
11.5.25 no. 19
Nasīm, servant of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn
14.4.1; 14.4.2
Nasīm, al-Sitt (Lady), a woman of Baghdad writing letters on behalf of al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
10.77.3
al-Nāṣir, unidentified ruler
11.13.7.9(p)
al-Nāṣir Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad (reg. 595–610/1199–1213), fourth Almohad ruler
13.63.3; 13.64.1; 13.64.2.1; 13.66.5; 13.67; 13.68.2; 13.68.3; 13.70; 13.71; 13.76; 13.79; 13.81.2; 13.82; 13.84; 13.85
Naṣīr al-Dawlah Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥusayn ibn Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn Ḥamdān see Ibn Ḥamdān
Naṣīr al-Dawlah, perhaps = Naṣr al-Dawlah Abū Naṣr Aḥmad ibn Marwān, prince of the Marwānid dynasty of Diyarbakr (d. 463/1061)
8.6 no. 10; 10.39; 10.41
Nāṣir al-Dawlah, Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan ibn ʿAbd Allāh, prince of the Ḥamdānid dynasty (d. 357/968?)
10.46.2
Naṣīr al-Dawlah ibn Marwān, Marwānid ruler of Diyār Bakr (d. 489/1096)
10.39
Naṣīr al-Dīn, unidentified
10.64.2(p); 10.75
Nāṣir al-Dīn ibn Yaghmūr, head of the household of the Ayyubid ruler al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ Ismāʿīl
15.49.4
Naṣīr al-Dīn Nāṣir ibn Mahdī al-ʿAlawī al-Rāzī (d. 617/1220), vizier
10.76.2
Nāṣir al-Dīn Zikrī or Zakarī, Ayyubid emir also known as Ibn ʿUlaymah, companion to al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ Najm al-Dīn Ayyūb
15.49.5
Naṣīr al-Ḥalabī see Nuṣayr al-Ḥalabī
Nāṣir ibn Ismāʿīl, al-Sharīf Abū Ṭālib
10.22.4 no. 7
al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 575–622/1180–1223)
15.40; 10.76.2; 10.76.3
Naṣr al-Dawlah Aḥmad ibn Marwān, Marwānid ruler of Mayyāfāriqīn and Diyār Bakr (reg. 401–453/1010–1060–1)
10.38.6 no. 10; 10.41; 10.54.1; 10.54.2; 10.70 mo. 1 (see also Naṣīr al-Dawlah)
Naṣr ibn Manṣūr ibn Bassām, grandfather of 3rd/9th-c. poet Ibn Bassām
8.20.5
Nasṭās ibn Jurayj – Christian physician practised during the reign of al-Ikhshīd ibn Ṭughj
13.14; 14.6; 14.7
al-Nātilī see Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Nātilī
Nawbakht, Banū
11.3
al-Nawbakhtī, Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥasan (d. between 300/912 and 310/922), Imamite scholar and translator
10.3.8.7
Naẓīf al-Qass al-Rūmī
10.33; 11.5.6
Nazīn Bālī see Ninus, son of Belus
al-Naẓẓām, Muʿtazilite theologian, (d. between 220/835 and 230/845)
10.64.19.1n; AII.2.2n
Nebrus, ancestor of Hippocrates
4.4.1
Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon
4.1.5
Nemesius, 4th-c. author confused with Gregory of Nyssa
6.5.2
Nero, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.1; 5.1.8.2
Nerva, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Nicanor of Stagira, commander under Alexander the Great
4.6.6.1; 4.6.13.3 no. 114
Nicolaus, late-antique physician
4.1.11.3n; 5.2.1
Nicolaus Damascenus
13.66.6 no. 9
Nicomachus, father of Aristotle (wrongly identified as Nicomachus of Gerasa)
4.6.1
Nicomachus of Gerasa, mathematician (d. AD120)
10.3.14 no. 103
Nicus, nicknamed ‘the One-eyed’, fabricator of works supposedly by Pythagoras
4.3.6.2
Nifṭawayh, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad, grammarian (244–323/858–935)
10.1.9
al-Nīlī, Abū Sahl Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, physician and man of letters (d. 420/1020)
10.56
Nimrod, son of Cush
2.1.4
Ninus, son of Belus, mythical founder of Nineveh
2.1.4
Niqūlā, Byzantine monk collaborator in the Andalusī translation of De Materia Medica
13.36.2.3; 13.36.2.4
Nitaforas, fictional Greek prince, son of King Rufistanes
4.6.7.2
(al-)Niẓām, possibly the famous Seljuq statesman Niẓām al-Mulk (d. 485/1092)
10.58.5 no. 4
al-Niẓām, unidentified (6th/12th c.)
10.81.2
Nizār ibn Maʿadd ibn ʿAdnān, legendary ancestor of one of the main branches of the ‘Northern Arabs’
8.10.4n; 15.8.5(p)
Nuʿaym, perhaps Abū ʿAbd Allāh Nuʿaym ibn Hammad ibn Muʿāwiyah al-Khuzāʿī al-Marwazī, 3rd/10th-c. Hadith scholar
7.3
Nūfashal (or Nāfashal or T-w-q-sh-t-l or Tūqashtal or Tugashtal or Fūfasal), unidentified Indian medical author
12.2 no. 10
Nūḥ ibn Manṣūr (reg. 366–387/977–97), Samanid emir of Transoxiana
11.13.2.1,9
Numenius, 2nd-c. AD Platonist philosopher
4.3.1n
Nūr al-Dīn ibn Jamāl al-Dīn ibn Artaq or Artuq, ruler of Ḥīnī
15.46.3
Nūr al-Dīn ibn Zankī (or Zangī) see al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Nūr al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn Zankī
Nuṣayr (or Naṣīr) al-Ḥalabī, unidentified
15.8.11
Nuṣrat al-Dīn ibn Jahān Pahlawān ibn Shams al-Dīn Eldigüz, ruler of Azerbaijan (d. 582/1186)
11.21n
Olympiodorus, 5th-c. philosopher
4.5.4n
Olympius, slave belonging to Aristotle
4.6.6.2
Oribasius, 4th-c. physician to Julian the Apostate
1.5; 9.19n; 4.1.10.1n; 5.1.32; 5.2.1 (Oribasius the Obstetrician); 5.2.1 (works); 14.25.2
Orosius, late 4th/early 5th-c. author of Historiae adversum paganos
2.1.1n; 2.1.2; 2.1.4n; 13.36.2.1
Otho, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Palladius, late-antique physician
5.2.1n; 6.1.1
Pamphilianus, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 82
Panaetius of Rhodes, 2nd-c. BC Stoic philosopher
4.1.11.3n
Pantacles, Empiricist physician of antiquity
3.5
Parmenides, Presocratic philosopher
3.2; 3.4
Patrophilus, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 117n
Paul, apostle
5.1.5 (nephew of Galen); 5.1.8.1; 5.1.25n
Paul of Aegina, 7th-c. physician and author of Collectiones medicae
4.1.11.3; 5.2.1 (works); 14.25.2
Paulus, physician of antiquity, pupil of Ghūrus
3.2; 3.4; 4.1.10.5
Pedanius see Dioscorides
‘Pell-Mell’ see (al-)Ḥayṣ Bayṣ
Pelops, Dogmatist teacher of Galen
5.1.25; 5.1.37 nos. 36, 101
Perdiccas, 5th-c. BC king of Macedonia
4.1.5
Perennis, Tigidius, 2nd-c. praetorian prefect
5.1.12.2
Perictione, pen-name of an author who wrote in the style of Pythagoras
4.3.6.2n
Peripatetics (al-Mashshāʾūn), followers of a school of philosophy founded by Aristotle
2.1.6.4; 5.1.25; 13.66.6 no. 32
Persius, late-antique physician
5.2.1n; 6.1.1n
Peter, apostle
5.1.8.1
Peter II, king of Aragon
13.71n
Pethion the Translator, author of a lost ecclesiastical history (active 2nd half 9th c.)
8.1.1; 8.2.1; 8.3.2; 8.3.3n; 8.3.4; 9.16
Petrus, physician of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Phaedo, friend of Socrates
4.4.2.3
Phaenarete, father of Praxitela and grandfather of Hippocrates
4.1.1
Phaestis, mother of Aristotle
4.6.2.1
Phalaris, 6th-c. BC tyrant of Akragas (the modern Agrigento) in Sicily
4.3.6.2n
Phanias, physician of antiquity, pupil of Plato the Physician
3.5
Pherecydes of Syrus, early cosmologist, teacher of Pythagoras
4.3.4.1; 4.3.4.2; 4.3.6.2n
Philadelphus, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, ruler of Egypt 283–46 BC
5.1.5–5.1.8.1 (translation of Torah)
Philagrius, 3rd–4th-c. medical author
3.6; 5.1.37 no. 80; 5.2.2 (works); 6.5.2; 10.8.12n; 14.25.9 no. 34
Philinus of Kos, founder of Empiricist sect (active 260 BC)
1.1; 3.5
Philip, king of Macedon, father of Alexander the Great
4.6.2.3
Philip Arrhidaeus, half-brother of Alexander the Great
5.1.8.1n (era of)
Philo, slave belonging to Aristotle
4.6.6.2
Philo (or Philon) of Tarsus, 1st-c. pharmacologist
1.9; 4.1.11.2; 11.5.2
Philocles, 5th-c. BC tragedian
4.1.11.3n
Philotimus, Dogmatist physician of antiquity
3.5
Phlegyas, father of Coronis, the mother of Asclepius
2.1.6.1n
Piso, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 83
Plato, 4th-c. BC philosopher
1.2; 4.1.11.3; 4.1.11.4; 4.4.3; 4.5; 5.1.12.3; 5.1.26; 5.1.32; 5.1.37 nos. 45, 46, 123 (summaries of his works); 10.1.14 no. 36; 10.3.14 no. 143; 10.4.9 no. 16; 11.5.25 nos. 80, 130; 14.22.4.3 no. 44.7; 14.25.2; 14.25.5n; 14.25.9 nos. 76, 95; 15.1.3.2; 15.1.5 nos. 31, 53, 107; 15.40.9 no. 124; AII.2.2n
Plato the Physician, legendary ancient Greek physician
3.2; 3.5
Pliny the Younger, 1st/2nd-c. courtier
5.1.8.2n
Plotinus
4.6.13.3n; 9.13n
Plutarch of Athens, Neoplatonist philosopher
4.1.11.3; 4.5.1n
Plutarch of Chaeronea (ca. 45–120)
11.5.25 nos. 130, 138
Podalirus, son of Asclepius
2.1.5n
Polemon, 2nd-c. Greek nobleman
4.1.6
Poliarcho, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Politianus (Balīṭīyān), patriarch of Alexandria and physician
14.1
Polybus, son-in-law of Hippocrates
4.1.2; 4.1.10.1
Polycrates, tyrant of Samos
4.3.4.2
Porphyry, philosopher author of Isagoge (d. ca. 305)
4.1.10.5; 4.1.11.3; 4.3.2n; 4.3.3; 4.3.6.1; 4.3.6.2; 8.29.22n; 10.1.14 no. 23; 10.2.4 no. 1; 10.21 no. 3; 10.23.3 no. 3; 10.37.5 no. 33; 11.2; 11.5.25 no. 76; 11.8.6 no. 15n; 11.13.2.4n; 15.1.5 no. 13; 14.22.4.3 nos. 1, 2; 14.25.9 no. 96
Posidonius, 4th-c. BC physician
14.25.9 no. 33
Posidonius, 2nd-c. BC philosopher
14.25.9 no. 33
Praxagoras, late 4th-c. Hippocratic physician
4.1.10.1; 5.1.38 no. 153
Praxitela, mother of Hippocrates
4.1.1
Priscianus Lydus, 6th-c. Neoplatonist
4.1.11.3n
Proclus, Neoplatonist (d. 485)
4.1.11.3; 4.6.13.3n; 4.8.2n; 5.1.37 no. 45; 6.1.2; 6.1.3n; 6.2 (Diadochus son of Mulus); 11.5.13.no. 129
Protas of Pelusium, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.5n
Proxenus, executor of Nichomachus
4.6.2.1
(Pseudo-)Elias the Neoplatonist, (ca. 6th c.), commentator on Porphyry and Aristotle
11.8.6 no. 15
Ptolemy, later 2nd-c. AD astronomer
4.1.105; 4.6.2.1; 4.6.6.1; 4.6.13.1; 8.3.6n; 8.15.1n; 10.1.14 nos. 28, 119; 10.3.14 no. 101; 10.38.4; 11.3; 11.13.3.16; 11.15 nos. 7, 14; 11.19; 14.22.5.2 nos. 27, 64
Works:
Almagest
11.12n; 11.13.2.5; 11.13.3.1,10; 11.13.3.16; 13.5.1; 14.22.2; 14.22.3.2; 14.22.4.2 nos. 3, 5; 14.22.5.1 nos. 18, 19; 14.22.5.2 no. 38; 14.22.5.2 no. 86n; 15.1.5 no. 1
Tetrabiblos
9.31n; 14.25.2; 14.25.9n; Optics: 14.22.5.1 no. 18
Ptolemy al-Gharīb, author of the Vita Aristotelis
4.6.2.1, 4.6.6.1; 4.6.13.1–3
Ptolemy Philopator, 3rd-c. BC pharaoh
4.1.10.2n
Ptolemy the Physician
4.1.10.5
Pulcheria, sister of Theodosius II
6.1.3n
Pythagoras
2.1.4; 4.1.11.3; 4.1.11.4; 4.3; 4.3.2 (teaching and diet); 4.3.4.1–2 (travels and settlement in Italy); 4.3.4.3 (opposition of Cylon and death);4.4.1; 4.4.2.2; 4.5.1n; 4.6.3.1; 10.2.4 no. 34; 14.25.9 no. 24
Pythagoras ‘the physician’
3.6
Pythais, mother of Pythagoras
4.3.4.1
Pythias, niece of Hermias, wife of Aristotle
4.6.2.1n
Qabīḥah, concubine mother of al-Muʿtazz (reg. 252–255/866–869)
8.23.1
al-Qāḍī al-Ajall al-Sadīd Abū l-Manṣūr ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Abī l-Ḥasan ʿAlī see al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Raʾīs al-Ṭibb
al-Qāḍī al-Fāḍil ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿAlī, kātib to Saladin (d. 596/1200)
14.33.3; 14.39.4 no. 4n; 15.18.1; 15.23.2.1; 15.24; 15.25; 15.40.3
al-Qāḍī al-Jalīs Abū l-Maʿālī ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn al-Jabbāb (or al-Ḥabbāb), poet (d. 561/1166)
15.47n
al-Qāḍī Nafīs al-Dīn ibn al-Zubayr see Nafīs al-Dīn ibn al-Zubayr
al-Qāḍī al-Makīn Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn, unidentified
14.32.5 no. 4
al-Qāḍī al-Nuʿmān (d. 363/ 974), theologian and qadi of the Fatimid caliph Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh
13.3.2.2; 13.3.2.3
al-Qāḍī al-Saʿīd see Ibn Sanāʾ al-Mulk
al-Qaḥātībah, an important Arab family settled in Khorasan
8.18.2n
al-Qāhir, Abū Manṣūr Muḥammad al-Qāhir bi-Allāh, 19th Abbasid caliph (reg. 320–322/932–34)
10.4.1; 10.4.2; 10.8.8; 10.26; 14.11
Qaḥṭān, legendary ancestor of the South Arabs
15.47.2.1(p)
al-Qamarī see al-Qumrī
al-Qamrāwī see Najm al-Dīn al-Qamrāwī
Qanbar, servant of Amīn al-Dawlah Ibn al-Tilmīdh
10.64.7
al-Qārah, Arab tribe famous for archery
10.68.2.2(p)
Qarāṭīs, head wife or concubine of the physician Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
8.26.8
Qasānjas see Ibn Fasānjas
al-Qāsim ibn ʿUbayd Allāh (d. 291/903–904), vizier under al-Muʿtaḍid and al-Muktafī
8.14; 8.30.1; 8.30.5; 10.2.3.1; 10.2.3.2; 10.10.5
Qaṣīr, counsellor of Jadhīmah, pre-Islamic king of al-Ḥīrah
15.49.6.1(p)
Qayḍā al-Ruhāwī, translator associate of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
9.33
Qaymāz, Mujāhid al-Dīn see Mujāhid al-Dīn Qaymāz
Qāymāz, Quṭb al-Dīn al-Mustanjidī, Armenian Mamlūk of al-Mustanjid bi-Allāh
10.63.2
Qays ʿAylān, legendary ancestor of an important branch of the ‘North Arabs’
15.8.4(p); 15.8.6(p)
Qays ibn ʿĀṣim, famous tribal leader, contemporary of Muḥammad
15.52.1.1
Qays ibn Maʿdī Karib, pre-Islamic chieftain of clan Kindah, ancestor of al-Kindī
10.1.2
Qays ibn al-Mulawwaḥ see Majnūn Laylā
Qayṣar ibn Abī l-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd al-Ghanī ibn Musāfir al-Ḥanafī, ʿAlam al-Dīn, known as Qayṣar and as al-Taʿāsīf, mathematician and architect (d. 649/1251)
13.63.8.1; 14.22.2; 15.51.6
al-Qaysarānī see Ibn al-Qaysarānī
al-Qazwīnī, Raḍī, scholar
15.40.3
al-Qazwīnī, Abū Yaḥyā Zakariyyā ibn Muḥammad, physician, astronomer and geographer (d. 682/1283)
4.4.2.1n
Qiwām al-Dīn Ṣāʿid al-Muhannā
11.21 no. 5n; 11.22
Qubād, 5th–6th-c. Sasanian king
4.6.11n
Qudāmah ibn Jaʿfar, author of Naqd al-shiʿr (d. ca. 337/948)
15.40.9 nos. 20, 21
Quintus, 2nd-c. physician at Rome
4.1.11.2n; 5.1.25; 5.1.37 nos. 23n, 105
al-Qummī, Muʾayyid al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm, vizier (d. 629/1231 or 630)
10.77.3
al-Qumrī (or al-Qamarī), Abū Manṣūr al-Ḥasan ibn Nūḥ al-Qumrī (or al-Qamarī), Persian physician
11.11
Quraysh, Muḥammad’s tribe
7.1.5n; 7.2.1; 7.2.3; 7.5.3
Quss ibn Sāʿidah al-Iyādī, legendary pre-Islamic orator
10.64.17.1(p); 10.68.1.4(p); 14.55.2(p); 15.31.2; 15.52.1.1
Qusṭā ibn Lūqā al-Baʿlabakkī
4.5.4n; 4.7n; 9.6; 10.44; 15.17(p)
Qutaylah bint al-Ḥārith, sister (or possibly daughter) of al-Naḍr ibn al-Ḥārith ibn Kaladah al-Thaqafī
7.2.3
Quṭb al-Dīn Qāymāz see Qāymāz
al-Quṭb (Quṭb al-Dīn) al-Miṣrī, physician and philosopher
11.19.2; 11.20; 15.59 no. 1
Quṭb al-Dīn al-Shīrāzī (d. 710/1311)
14.48.4 no. 1n
Qutham ibn ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib al-Hāshimī, cousin and Companion of Muḥammad
7.5.6
Quṭuz see al-Malik al-Muẓaffar Quṭuz
Quwayrī (sometimes spelled Fūthirī or Fūtirī), Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm, teacher of philosophy in Baghdad
10.18; 10.21; 15.1.2
Rabban al-Ṭabarī, physician and astrologer
11.3
al-Rabʿī, Taqī al-Dīn ʿAbbās ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿUbayd, father of ʿImād al-Dīn al-Dunaysirī
15.58.1
al-Rabīʿ ibn Yūnus ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Abī Farwah, chamberlain to al-Mansūr
8.1; 8.2; 8.3.4n; 8.3.22n; 8.25.2n
Rabīʿ ibn Zayd al-Ushquf (Recemundus), Mozarabic bishop of Elvira
13.29.2
Rabīʿah, Arab clan of the tribe of Jaʿfar ibn Kilāb
15.8.4(p)
Rabīʿah al-Raqqī, poet under Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.18
Rabʿīn, Khorasanian chieftain and rebel in 141/758–759
8.10.3
al-Raḍī (al-Riḍā?), unidentified vizier of al-Jazīrah
10.69.3.11
al-Rāḍī bi-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg, 322–329/934–40)
9.33; 10.4.1; 10.4.8; 10.5.3; 10.5.4; 15.1
Raḍī al-Dawlah Abū Naṣr see Ibn al-Tilmīdh, Raḍī al-Dawlah
Raḍī al-Dīn al-Raḥbī see al-Raḥbī, Raḍī al-Dīn
al-Raḍī al-Qazwīnī (?= Raḍī al-Dīn Abū al-Khayr Aḥmad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Ṭāliqānī) (d. 590/1194), teacher of dialectic and exegesis
15.40.3
Rafīʿ al-Dīn al-Jīlī, Abū Ḥāmid ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn Ismaʿīl ibn ʿAbd al-Hādī, chief justice of Damascus (d. 641/1243)
15.20; 15.49.2; 15.49.6
al-Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī, Abū l-Qāsim al-Ḥusayn ibn Muḥammad, 5th/11th-c. author of Muḥāḍarāt al-udabāʾ
10.64.19.15
Rāḥah (Rājah?), otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
al-Raḥbī, Jamāl al-Dīn ibn, physician (d. 658/1259)
15.36.1.4; 15.37.3; 15.38
al-Raḥbī, Raḍī al-Dīn, Syrian physician (d. 631/1233)
10.64.12; 14.31.5; 14.44.2; 15.29; 15.36; 15.42; 15.50.1; 15.50.4; 15.51.2; AII.15(p)
al-Raḥbī, Sharaf al-Dīn ibn, student of ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī (583–667/1187–1268)
15.36.1.4; 15.37; 15.50.6
al-Raʾīs Hibat Allāh, Jewish Egyptian physician (d. 580s/1184–1193)
14.35; 14.43.2
al-Raʾīs Mūsā see Mūsā ibn Maymūn
Rajāʾ the physician of Khorasan
10.37.4
al-Raqqī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad see Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Khalīl al-Raqqī
al-Raqqī, Abū l-Qāsim ʿAlī ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, transmitter
15.46.2
al-Raqqī al-Tiflīsī, Abū l-Qāsim ʿĪsā, physician and astronomer under Sayf al-Dawla Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥamdān al-Taghlibī (reg. 333–356/944–67)
15.2
Rashīd, a servant of al-Muwaffaq bi-Allāh
8.32.3
Rashīd al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Khalīfah, physician and uncle of ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī
10.83.5; 14.42.2; 14.44.4; 14.56.1; 15.1.3; 15.40.9 no. 85; 15.50.6; 15.51
Rashīd al-Dīn Abū Ḥulayqah ibn al-Fāris (Rashīd al-Dīn Abū l-Waḥsh ibn al-Fāris Abī l-Khayr ibn Abī Sulaymān Dāwūd ibn Abī l-Manā ibn Abī Fānah), Egyptian physician known as Abū Ḥulayqah
14.49.2; 14.51.1n; 14.54; 14.55.2(p);14.55.3; 14.56.2
Rashīd al-Dīn Abū Saʿīd ibn Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb, Christian physician of Jerusalem (d. 646/1249)
14.56
Rashīd al-Dīn Abū l-Thanāʾ Ḥammād ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Ḥammād ibn al-Fuḍayl al-Ḥarrānī, teacher of Hadith
15.33
Rashīd al-Dīn ibn al-Ṣūrī, physician, botanist and pharmacologist, student of ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādi (573–639/1177–1242)
15.45; 15.50
Rashīq, servant of Ibn al-Jazzār
13.3.2.1
Ravigupta, author of Siddhasāra (K. Sindhashār) (active 650)
12.2 no. 4n
al-Rāwandī see Ibn al-Rāwandī
Ray, Indian scholar
12.1
Raymond of Tripoli, regent of Baldwin V of Jerusalem
14.49.3n
al-Rāzī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Zakariyyā, physician and philosopher (ca. 250–313/854–925)
1.10; 4.1.10.5n; 5.1.32; 6.5.2 (source on late-antique medicine); 7.9.1n; 8.15.1n; 8.19.1; 8.19.6n; 9.15n; 10.56 no. 2; 11.4; 11.5; 11.8.4; 11.17 no. 6; 12.2; 13.59.4 no. 22; 13.61.4 no. 4; 14.21n; 14.22.5.1 no. 4; 14.25.2; 14.25.5; 14.25.9 nos. 51, 91; 14.56.4 no. 2; 15.1.5 no. 44; 15.36.1.1; 15.36.1.2; 15.60.1
Works:
al-Kitāb al-Ḥāwī fī l-ṭibb
10.64.20 no. 4; 12.2; 14.21 no. 1; 15.39 no. 4; 15.50.7 no. 1
Doubts on Galen
15.40.9 no. 101
Taʿālīq ʿalā K. al-Ḥāwī: 14.56.4 no. 4
al-Rāzī, Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn, eldest son of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.5
al-Rāzī, Fakhr al-Dīn see Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
al-Rāzī, Shams al-Dīn also known as Fakhr al-Dīn, youngest son of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.5
Richard I ‘Coeur de Lion’ see al-Malik al-Ankūr
al-Riḍā (al-Raḍī?), vizier of al-Jazīrah
10.69
Riḍwān, guardian angel of Paradise; name of unidentified person
10.64.19.11(p)
Risālah, a slave-girl of Slavic origin
8.25.8; 8.26.9; 8.29.3
Romanos, Byzantine Emperor
13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.2; 13.36.2.3
Rūfīl (or Rūbīl), apparently teacher of Abū Bishr Mattā ibn Yūnus
10.21; 15.1.3.1
Rufistanes, fictional Greek king
4.6.7.2
Rufus of Ephesus, Greek physician (active 100)
4.1.10.2 (‘the Great’; his works); 4.3.2n; 5.1.26; 5.1.38 (confusion with Galen); 11.8.6 no. 12; 14.25.2
al-Ruhāwī see Isḥāq ibn ʿAlī
Rukn al-Dawlah, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan ibn Būyah (d. 366/976), Buyid emir
11.6
al-Rukn al-Dīn al-Rāzī, brother of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.4
al-Rumaylī, 5th/11th-c. Andalusian physician
13.40
Rūsā (or Rūshī or Zūsī), female Indian medical author
12.2 no. 11
Ṣāb, or Ṭāṭ, son of Idrīs and reputed ancestor of the Sabians
10.3.1
al-Ṣābiʾ see Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Hilāl al-Ṣābiʾ and see Aḥmad ibn Waṣīf and see Hilāl ibn al-Muḥassin ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ṣābiʾ and see al-Muḥassin ibn Ibrāhīm al-Ṣābiʾ
Ṣābiʾans/Sabians, a polytheistic community in Ḥarrān (northern Mesopotamia)
1.5; 4.6.7.1; 8.29.6; 10.1.14 no. 207; 10.2.4 no. 29; 10.3.1; 10.3.2.3; 10.3.14 nos. 55, 147; 10.4.9 nos. 10, 15
Sabrishoʿ ibn Quṭrub (written Shīrshūʿ or Shīrīshūʿ), physician from Gondēshāpūr
9.39
Sābūr, Arabic form of Shapur, name of several Sasanian emperors
11.19.6.2
Sābūr Dhū l-Aktāf, Shāpūr II (reg. 309–379), Persian King of Kings
11.1
Sābūr ibn Sahl, early 3rd/9th-c. Christian physician
8.15.1; 8.16; 8.26.6n
Saʿd al-Dīn Abū Saʿīd ibn Abī Sahl al-Baghdādī al-ʿAwwād, transmitter
10.64.9; 10.66.6
Saʿd al-Dīn ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz
AII.16
Saʿd al-Dīn ibn Muwaffaq al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Sulamī, Damascus physician
15.35; 15.50.6
Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ, Companion of Muḥammad
7.1.1
Saʿd ibn Muʿādh, Companion of Muḥammad
15.57.1
Saʿd ibn ʿUbādah, Companion of Muḥammad
15.51.1
Saʿd al-Mulk Naṣīr al-Dīn Abū l-Maḥāsin Saʿd al-Mulk, vizier of Muḥammad ibn Malik-Shāh (496/1103) and of Malik-Shāh II (498/1105)
10.64.19.16
Saʿdān the Shoemaker (Saʿdān al-Iskāf)
15.17
Ṣadaqah ibn Manjā ibn Ṣadaqah al-Sāmirī
14.42.3 no. 4; 15.46.3; 15.47
Ṣadaqah ibn Manṣūr ibn Dubays al-Asadī, Sayf al-Dawlah, Mazyadid ruler of al-Ḥillah (reg. 479–501/1086–1108)
10.64.19.13; 10.65.2(p); 10.65.3
Ṣadaqah al-Sāmirī see Ṣadaqah ibn Manjā
al-Sadīd Abū l-Manṣūr ʿAbd Allāh see al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Raʾīs al-Ṭibb
Sadīd al-Dīn, father of IAU
14.26.2n; 14.29.2; 14.34.2; 15.49.6
Sadīd al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl Dāwūd ibn Abī l-Bayān Sulaymān ibn Abī l-Faraj Isrāʾīl ibn Abī l-Ṭayyib Sulaymān ibn Mubārak see Ibn Abī l-Bayān
Sadīd al-Dīn Abū Manṣūr, son of Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb ibn Siqlāb
15.44
Sadīd al-Dīn ibn Raqīqah see Ibn Raqīqah
Sadīd al-Dīn Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭabīb al-Ḥanawī, see Ibn Raqīqah
Sadīd al-Dīn al-Manṭiqī, probably to be identified with Sadīd al-Dīn ibn Raqīqah
13.58.2.1; 14.23.2; 14.30; 15.49.6; 15.51.1
al-Sadīd Raʿīs al-Ṭibb, al-Shaykh see al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Raʿīs al-Ṭibb
Saʿdūn, son-in-law of Ghālib the physician
10.10.5
al-Ṣafadī, Khalīl ibn Aybak, historian (d. 763/1363)
7.1.5n; 7.2.3n; 8.4.3n; 8.2.11n; 8.26.11n; 8.26.13n; 8.26.16n; 8.29.8n; 8.30.5n
al-Saffāḥ, first Abbasid caliph (reg. 132–136/749–54)
8.7; 8.18.1n
Ṣafī al-Dīn ibn Shukr, al-Ṣāḥib Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAlī, Ayyubid vizier (548–622/1154–1225)
14.31.7; 15.36.1.3; 15.48; 15.50.1
Ṣafī al-Dīn Ibrāhīm ibn Marzūq, vizier of al-Malik al-Ashraf ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil
15.36.1.2
Ṣafī al-Dīn Khalīl ibn Abī l-Faḍl ibn Manṣūr al-Tanūkhī, kātib of Latakiyah
15.15; 15.18.1.3
Saḥbān, legendary orator and poet of the tribe of Wāʾil
15.31.1; 15.37.4(p); 15.47.2.1(p); 15.52.1.1(p)
al-Ṣāḥib Ibn ʿAbbād see Ibn ʿAbbād
al-Ṣāḥib Ṣafī al-Dīn ibn Shukr see Ṣafī al-Dīn ibn Shukr
al-Sāhir see Yūsuf known as al-Sāhir
Sahl al-Kawsaj (Sahl the Beardless), early 3rd/9th-c. pĥysician
8.15
Sahl ibn Jubayr, early 3rd/9th-c. pĥysician
8.15.1
Sahlān ibn ʿUthmān ibn Kaysān, Abū l-Ḥasan, Christian physician (d. 380/991)
14.15; 14.43.3 no. 1n
Saḥnūn ibn Saʿīd ibn Ḥabīb al-Tanūkhī (d. 240/855), Mālikī scholar
13.63.2
Saʿīd, grandfather of al-Tamīmī
14.14.3
Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī (al-Qāḍī Ṣāʿid), Abū l-Qāsim Ṣāʿid ibn Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Taghlibī al-Andalusī, author of Ṭabaqāt al-umam (d. 462/1070)
4.1.11.4; 4.2; 4.4.1; 4.4.2.1n; 4.6.3.2n; 4.6.4.1; 10.1.8; 11.5.8; 13.4; 13.5.1; 13.6.1.1; 13.6.1.2; 13.9; 13.27.2; 13.29.2; 13.34.2; 13.37; 13.38.1; 13.39.2; 13.60.2; 15.1.3n; 15.1.3.2
Saʿīd al-Dawlah Abū l-Fakhr, Egyptian physician, son of Abū l-Barakāt ibn Shaʿyā
14.41
Saʿīd ibn ʿAbd Rabbih, Abū ʿUthmān ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad
13.24
Ṣāʿid ibn ʿAbdūs, Abū Manṣūr, physician contemporary with Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
Ṣāʿid ibn Bishr ibn ʿAbdūs
10.13; 10.23.2; 10.38.4
Saʿīd ibn al-Biṭrīq (Eutychius), physician, patriarch of Alexandria, historian author of K. al-tārīkh al-majmūʿ alā-l-taḥqīq wa-l-taṣdīq (Naẓm al-jawhar) (263–328/877–940)
14.1; 14.10n; 14.11; 14.12
Saʿīd ibn Fatḥūn al-Saraqusṭī, contemporary of Ibn al-Kattānī
13.29.2; 13.36.2.3n
Saʿīd ibn Ghālib, son of Ghālib the physician
10.10.5; 10.11
Ṣāʿid ibn al-Ḥasan see Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Ṣāʿid ibn al-Ḥasan
Ṣāʿid ibn al-Ḥasan al-Rabaʿī al-Baghdādī (d. 417/1026), philologist
AI.1n
Saʿīd ibn Hibat Allāh ibn al-Ḥusayn, Abū l-Ḥasan, 5th/11th-c. physician
10.58; 10.59.1; 10.60; 10.66.1
Ṣāʿid ibn Hibat Allāh ibn al-Muʾammil see Ibn al-Muʾammil
Ṣāʿid ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Tūmā see Abū l-Faraj Ṣāʿid ibn Hibat Allāh
Saʿīd ibn Isḥāq al-Naṣrānī, chronicler under Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.13
Saʿīd ibn Jubayr, 1st/7th-c. legal scholar from Kufah
7.9.4
Ṣāʿid ibn Makhlad, Abū l-ʿAlāʾ, Dhū l-Wizāratayn, kātib to al-Muwaffaq and vizier to al-Muʿtamid (d. 276/889)
8.32.3; 10.10.3
Saʿīd ibn Ṣāliḥ, chamberlain of al-Mutawakkil
8.12.2
Saʿīd ibn Salm ibn Qutaybah ibn Muslim, chieftain of Zāʾidah clan
8.10.3
Saʿīd ibn Tawfīl, Abū ʿUthmān, Christian physician in the service of Aḥmad ibn Ṭūlūn
14.3; 14.4; 13.1.3 no. 4
Saʿīd ibn al-Umawī, a source for Ibn Juljul
7.1.6
Saʿīd ibn Yaʿqūb al-Dimashqī see Abū ʿUthmān Saʿīd ibn Yaʿqūb al-Dimashqī
al-Sakhāwī, ʿAlam al-Dīn, grammarian and muqriʾ
15.37.1
Ṣakih, otherwise unknown Indian physician and scholar
12.2
Ṣakhr, brother of al-Khansāʾ
10.51.3n; 15.17(p)
Saladin see Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn (Saladin)
Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn ibn Muḥammad Yāghī Siyān, 13th-c. emir of Hama
15.46.3; 15.46.3.8
Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn/Saladin, Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb, al-Malik al-Nāṣir, Ayyubid monarch (532–589/1138–1193)
10.63.2; 13.79n; 14.31.6; 14.32.1; 14.32.5n; 14.32.5 no. 8n; 14.33.1; 14.33.3; 14.34.2n; 14.36.1; 14.36.2n; 14.37n; 14.38.1; 14.39.1; 14.39.4 no. 3; 14.40.1n; 14.43.2n; 14.44.2n; 14.47.2n; 14.49.2–4; 14.50; 14.54.15; 14.55.2n; 15.11.1; 15.11.2; 15.11.3 nos. 7, 11; 15.13; 15.14; 15.16; 15.18.1; 15.23.1; 15.23.1.1; 15.23.1.2; 15.23.2; 15.23.2.2; 15.24; 15.25; 15.26; 15.27; 15.28; 15.36; 15.40; 15.48; 15.51
Salāmah ibn Muʿattib, one of the ancestors of the Banū Kunnah subtribe
7.1.6n
Salāmah ibn Raḥmūn (Abū l-Khayr Salāmah ibn Mubārak ibn Raḥmūn), Jewish Egyptian physician
14.23.3; 14.27
Ṣāliḥ ibn Bahlah al-Hindī, Indian physician in household of Hārūn al-Rashīd, perhaps descendant of Bhela author of the Saṃhitā
8.20.11n; 12.6
Ṣāliḥ ibn al-Rashīd, son of Hārūn al-Rashīd, governor of al-Baṣrah
8.3.15
Ṣāliḥ ibn Shaykh ibn ʿAmīrah ibn Ḥayyān ibn Surāqah al-Asadī, patient of Ibn Māsawayh (217/832)
8.26.13
Ṣāliḥ ibn Waṣīf, Turkish military captain and ruler in Samarra in the reign of al-Muhtadī (255–256/869–70)
8.23.3
Sālim, eunuch mawlā of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.1.2
Sallām al-Abrash, Abū Salamah, early translator and member of Hārūn al-Rashīd’s household
8.15.1; 8.29.2; 12.6
Salm, superintendent of the Bayt al-Ḥikmah in Baghdad
5.29.5
Salmā, intellectual under al-Maʾmūn
8.29
al-Salmāsī, ʿImād al-Dīn ʿUthmān ibn Ismāʿīl ibn Khalīl
15.22
Salmawayh ibn Bunān, Christian physician of al-Muʿtaṣim, collaborator of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq (d. 225/840)
7.8.3; 8.20; 8.26.10; 8.27.3; 9.49; 10.1.9
Samāʾ al-Dawlah, Abū l-Ḥasan ibn Shams al-Dawlah, Būyid emir of Hamadan (reg. 412–414/1020–1023)
11.13.3.7–8
Samānah, chief steward of the caliph al-Wāthiq
8.26.2
al-Samʿānī, Abū Saʿd (incorrectly Saʿīd) ʿAbd al-Karīm ibn Abī Bakr Muḥammad ibn Abī l-Muẓaffar (al-)Manṣūr al-Tamīmī al-Marwazī al-Shafiʿī, Tāj al-Islām (al-Dīn) Qiwām al-Dīn, also known as Ibn al-Samʿānī, biographer (506–562/1113–1166)
15.13
Samaritans, Israelite sect
15.36.1.1; 15.47.1; 15.48(p); 15.49.1; 15.60.1
al-Samarqandī, Badr al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Bahrām ibn Muḥammad al-Qalānisī, physician
11.22
al-Samarqandī, Najīb al-Dīn Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar, physician in Herat
11.23
al-Samawʾal, pre-Islamic Jewish poet
15.8.11(p)
al-Samawʾal ibn Yaḥyā ibn ʿAbbās al-Maghribī, mathematician (d. 570/1174)
11.21
Sāmīn (or Binyāmīn) see Binyāmīn
al-Sāmirī see Ṣadaqah al-Sāmirī and see Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yaʿqūb and see Muhadhdhab al-Dīn Yūsuf
al-Ṣanawbarī, Abū Bakr Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad, poet (d. 334/945)
15.8n; 8.30.5n
Sancho VII, King of Navarre
13.71n
Sanḥārīb, Armenian ruler and patron of Qusṭā ibn Lūqā (active late 9th–early 10th-c.)
10. 44.4
al-Sanī al-Baʿlabakkī, Christian physician at Damascus
10.64.13; 15.3.1; 15.3.1.2
Ṣanjahal, Indian physician and astrologer
12.2
Sanjar, Aḥmad ibn Malikshāh, Seljuq ruler (reg. 490–552/1118–1157)
10.68.2.1(p)
al-Sanjārī, ʿAzīz al-Dīn, judge
15.50.6
al-Sarakhsī, Aḥmad ibn al-Ṭayyib
8.29.11; 10.1.9; 10.2; 10.3.14 no. 50; 11.5.25 no. 72
al-Sarakhsī, Thiqat al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm, physician
11.19.7 no. 62
Sarī al-Saqaṭī, famous Sufi (d. 253/867)
15.51.7
Ṣārim al-Dīn al-Tabnīnī, Ayyubid emir
15.42
Ṣaʿṣaʿah, Arab tribe
11.13; 15.8.4(p)
Satyrus, teacher of Galen
5.1.25; 5.1.37 no. 23n
Sawārtakīn al-Farghānī, servant of al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20.5
Sawwār ibn ʿAbd Allāh
15.37.2n
Sayf al-Dawlah Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ḥamdān al-Taghlibī, Ḥamdānid emir (reg. 333–356/944–67)
8.29.6; 10.31; 15.1.1.1; 15.1.3
Sayf al-Dawlah Ṣadaqah ibn Manṣūr see Ṣadaqah ibn Manṣūr ibn Dubays
Sayf al-Dīn ʿAlī ibn Qīlīj (or Fulayḥ), emir
10.64.19.4n; 15.52.1
Sayf al-Dīn al-Āmidī see al-Āmidī, Sayf al-Dīn
Sayf al-Dīn al-Kurdī, emir under ruler al-Malik al-Ṣāliḥ Ismāʿīl
15.49.4
Sayf al-Dīn al-Mushidd Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn ʿUmar ibn Qizil, emir and poet
15.49.4; 15.52.2 no. 2
Sayf ibn Dhī Yazan, legendary hero
15.8.5n
Sayf al-Islām, Sayf al-Islām Abū l-Fawāris al-Malik al-ʿAzīz Ẓahīr al-Dīn Ṭughtukīn ibn Ayyūb, brother of Saladin (d. 593/1197)
14.54.15
al-Sayyid al-Naqīb al-Kāmil Ibn al-Sharīf al-Jalīl, poet
10.64.17.1
al-Sayyidah (d. 419/1028), regent and mother of Majd al-Dawlah
11.13.3.3
Sejanus, 1st-c. AD Roman official
4.1.11.2n
Seleucus, founder of the Seleucid empire
5.1.8.1n (era of); 8.29.11n
Seljuqs
10.68.1.4; 13.58.4.4n; 15.18.1.1n; 15.40.5; 15.40.9 nos. 85, 130; AII.5
Serapis, Greco-Egyptian god of healing
1.5
Serenus, Methodist predecessor of Galen
3.3
Sergius of Rēsh ʿAynā/Raʾs al-ʿAyn, Syriac physician and translator (d. 536)
5.1.37 no. 101; 6.5.2; 8.29.3; 9.24; 9.27
Sergius, physician of antiquity, pupil of Plato the Physician
3.5
Sergius, pupil of Jūrjis ibn Jibrīl, later served Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.1.1
Sergius Paullus, prefect of Rome ca. 168
5.1.25
Seth see Shīth
Severus, anti-Chalcedonian patriarch of Antioch 512–518
6.1.2
Severus, physician of antiquity
3.4; 4.1.10.5n
Shaʿbān, lampooned physician
13.58.4.9
al-Shabānsī, Qāsim ibn Muḥammad al-Qurashī al-Marwānī, Cordovan physician and poet
13.36.2.3
al-Shaʿbī, ʿĀmir ibn Sharāḥīl, famous transmitter (d. between 103/721 and 110/728)
7.2.4
al-Shābushtī, 4th/10th-c. man of letters
8.3.16n; 8.25.7n
Shādhān, Abū Saʿīd Shādhān ibn Baḥr, student of Abū Maʿshar
10.1.5
al-Shadhūnī see Abū Muḥammad al-Shadhūnī
al-Shāfiʿī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Idrīs, al-Imām, famous legal scholar, eponym of al-Shāfiʿite school (d. 204/820)
11.19.7 no. 12; 15.21 no. 1; 15.58
al-Shāfiʿī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ʿAbd Allāh, traditionist
15.46.2
Shaftar, nickname of poet Abū l-Maʿālī al-Sulamī
15.8.10
Shaghab, mother of al-Muqtadir
10.4.6
al-Shāghūrī, Shihāb al-Dīn Fityān ibn ʿAlī, poet (d. 615/1218)
15.48; 15.50.6
Shāhak, Khorasanian mother of al-Sindi ibn Shāhak
8.10.3
Shahdā al-Karkhī, Syriac translator
9.10
al-Shahrastānī, Tāj al-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm, 6th/12th-c. historian of religions
4.1.8.1n; 4.1.8.3n; 4.1.8.4n; 4.4.2.1n; AII.8.1
al-Shahrazūrī, 7th/13th-c. physician, historian and philosopher
4.3.2n; 4.4.2.1n; 4.4.2.5n
Shahriyār, Khorasanian prince and rebel (d. 141/758–759)
8.10.3
Shams al-ʿArab al-Baghdādī ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz ibn al-Nafīs ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Wahbān, poet and muḥaddith (d. 622/1225)
15.51.3
Shams al-Dawlah, Būyid emir of Hamadān (reg. 387–412/997–1021)
11.13.3.3; 11.13.3.4; 11.13.3.6; 11.13.3.7; 11.13.3.8
Shams al-Dīn Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad al-Kātib al-Baghdādī ibn al-Karīm, author of K. al-Ṭabīkh
7.2.3; 7.5.2; 10.62.2; 10.63.3; 10.76.2; 10.77.2; 10.79
Shams al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl ibn Abī l-Faraj, oculist from Damascus known al-Miṭwāʿ
15.8.4; 15.9; 15.33
Shams al-Dīn ibn al-Lubūdī, physician at the Bīmāristān al-Nūrī
15.30; 15.31.1
Shams al-Dīn al-Khusrawshāhī, ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd ibn ʿĪsā, physician, student of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī, 11.11; 15.44; 15.21; 15.60.1
Shams al-Dīn ibn al-Miṭwāʿ see Shams al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl ibn Abī l-Faraj
Shams al-Dīn al-Khuwayyī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn al-Khalīl ibn Saʿādah ibn Jaʿfar ibn ʿĪsā, jurist under al-Malik al-Muʿaẓẓam ʿĪsā ibn al-Malik al-ʿĀdil I
11.19.1; 15.19; 15.20; 15.50.6
Shams al-Dīn al-Kutubī, transmitter known as al-Khawātīmī
15.37.1
Shams al-Dīn Mawdūḍ. Son of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil
15.52.1
Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Ḥusaynī, copyist working for family of IAU
15.49.6
Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Kullī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Abī l-Maḥāsin, physician
15.53
Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Shihāb al-Dīn Fityān, son of Shaykh Shihāb al-Dīn Fityān al-Shāghūrī
15.48
Shams al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Wattār al-Mawṣilī
11.19.3
Shams al-Dīn al-Rāzī, youngest son of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.5
Shams al-Khawāṣṣ Ṣawāb, vizier under al-Malik al-ʿĀdil
15.50.2
Shānāq, legendary Indian sage Cāṇakya (also referred to as Kauṭilya) and minister of Candragupta Maurya (reg. 321–298 BC)
12.3; 12.5
Shapur see Sābūr
Shāpūr II see Sābūr Dhū l-Aktāf
al-Shāqānī, unidentified Ṣūfī
15.40.3
al-Sharābī, Aḥmad ibn Hārūn
8.26.9
Sharaf al-Dīn ibn al-Baladī see Ibn al-Baladī
Sharaf al-Dīn Ismāʿīl, al-Sharīf see al-Sharīf Sharaf al-Dīn Ismāʿīl
Sharaf al-Dīn Ismāʿīl ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar, 7th/13th-c. kātib and poet
15.49.6.2
Sharaf al-Dīn al-Mutānī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Mūsā al-Ḥawrānī al-Mutānī (d. 659/1260–1261), student of Kamāl al-Dīn ibn Yūnus
10.83.3
Sharaf al-Dīn al-Muẓaffar ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar al-Ṭūsī, mathematician and astronomer (d. 610/1213)
15.24; 15.33
Sharaf al-Dīn ʿUmar, preacher, father of Burhān al-Dīn
15.49.6.2
Sharaf al-Dīn Yūsuf al-Baghdādī, son of Muwaffaq al-Dīn Yūsuf al-Baghdādī
15.40.9 no. 60
Sharaf al-Kuttāb Abū l-Faraj Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥamzah ibn Jiyā (or Jiyāʾ) (d. 579/1183), teacher of Ibn al-Muʾammil
10.78
Sharaf al-Zamān al-Mābarsāmī
11.22
Sharāḥīl ibn Maʿn ibn Zāʾidah, chieftain of the Zāʾidah clan
8.10.3
Sharak see Caraka
al-Sharīf, Aleppan dedicatee of al-Samawʾal
11.21 no. 6
al-Sharīf al-Bakrī
15.35
al-Sharīf al-Kaḥḥāl, Burhān al-Dīn Abū l-Faḍl Sulaymān, oculist in Syria
15.25
al-Sharīf Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥasanī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh, Andalusian physician
13.55
al-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā see al-Ajall al-Murtaḍā
al-Sharīf Sharaf al-Dīn Ismāʿīl, physician in service of ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad Khwārazm Shāh
11.24
al-Sharīf ʿUmar ibn Ḥamzah see ʿUmar ibn Ḥamzah
al-Shaybanī, Najīb al-Dīn Abū l-Fatḥ Naṣr Allāh ibn al-Muẓaffar ibn ʿUqayl
15.25
al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Raʾīs al-Ṭibb (al-Qāḍī al-Ajall al-Sadīd Abū l-Manṣūr ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Shaykh al-Sadīd Abī l-Ḥasan ʿAlī, Sharaf al-Dīn), Egyptian physician (d. 592/1195)
14.31; 14.47.2
al-Shaykh al-Sadīd ibn Abī-l-Bayān see Ibn Abī-l-Bayān
Shibl al-Dawlah Abū l-Hayjāʾ Muqātil ibn ʿAṭiyyah, poet (d. 505/1111)
15.18n
Shihāb al-Dīn Atābekī, governor of Damascus
15.40
Shihāb al-Dīn also known as al-Sharīf al-Marāghī
15.22
Shihāb al-Dīn ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Ṣiqillī, grammarian
8.29.8
Shihāb al-Dīn Abū Shāmah, authority on Qurʾan
15.52.1
Shihāb al-Dīn Fityān ibn ʿAlī al-Shāghūrī see al-Shāghūrī
Shihāb al-Dīn al-Ghūrī (Muḥammad ibn Sām I, Shihāb al-Dīn, Muʿizz al-Dīn al-Ghūrī), sultan of Ghūrid empire with his brother Ghiyāth al-Dīn Muḥammad (569–599/1173–1203), sole ruler (599–602/1203–1206)
11.19.3
Shihāb al-Dīn ibn al-ʿĀlimah, judge, half-brother of Najm al-Dīn ibn al-Minfākh
15.56.1
Shihāb al-Dīn ibn Fatḥ al-Dīn ibn Abī l-Ḥawāfir, Egyptian physician
14.44.1n; 14.46
Shihāb al-Dīn al-Naqjawānī, musician
15.51.1
Shihāb al-Dīn al-Nīsābūrī, disciple of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī
11.19.2
Shihāb al-Dīn Ṭughrīl, early 7th/13th-c. Atabeg of Aleppo
15.40.6; 15.40.7
Shiklah, mother of Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī
8.8.3; 8.27.3
al-Shīrāzī, Abū Isḥāq Ibtrāhīm ibn ʿAlī, Shāfiʿite jurisprudent (d. 476/1083)
10.83.7 no. 2n; 15.21 no. 1
Shīrkūh, vizier under the Fatimids, uncle of Saladin (d. 564/1169)
14.36.2
Shīrshūʿ (or Shīrīshūʿ) ibn Quṭrub see Sabrishoʿ ibn Quṭrub
Shīrzīl ibn Rukn al-Dawlah, emir (?of Iṣfahān)
11.16 no. 1.36
Shīth, Seth, prophet according to Islam
15.17(p)
Shuʿayb, Jewish astrologer
8.3.10
Shuʿayb ibn Abī Ḥamzah, transmitter
10.81.3
Shuhdah bint Aḥmad ibn al-Faraj ibn ʿAmr al-Ibarī, grammarian (d. 574/1178)
15.40.2
Shujāʿ, mother of al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh
10.4.5
Shujāʿ al-Dīn ibn al-Ḥasan al-Baghdādī, musician
15.51.1
Shukr ibn Abī l-Futūḥ al-ʿAlawī al-Ḥasanī, emir of Mecca, poet (d. 453/1061)
11.9n
al-Shumays, chief steward under al-Malik al-ʿĀdil
15.50.2
Sībawayh, Abū Bishr ʿAmr ibn ʿUthmān, grammarian (d. between 177/793 and 180/796–797)
8.29.8; 15.40.2
Sibṭ ibn al-Jawzī, historian
15.40.3n
Sibṭ ibn al-Taʿāwīdhī, poet (d. 584/1188)
15.58.6n
Sibylla, brother of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem
14.49.3n
Siculus, Dogmatist physician of antiquity
3.5
Siennesius, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
al-Siʿirdī, Jamāl al-Dīn al-Naqqāsh, contemporary of IAU
1.2
al-Sijistānī, Abū Sulaymān see Abū Sulaymān Muḥammad
al-Silafī see Abū Ṭāhir Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad
Sīmā al-Dimashqī (Sīmā al-Turkī), servant of al-Muʿtaṣim
8.7
Simeon of Taybūthā, physician
6.5.1
Simichus, tyrant of Centuripae, Sicily
4.3.4.2
Simmias, friend of Socrates
4.4.2.3
Simon, member of Aristotle’s household
4.6.6.2
Simplicius, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.2; 4.1.11.3
Simus, physician of antiquity
3.4
Sinān ibn Thābit, physician and scientist, son of Thābit ibn Qurrah
10.3.14 nos. 49, 94; 10.23.2; 10.4; 10.31; 11.5.6
Sind (Sanad) ibn ʿAlī, astrologer to al-Maʾmūn
10.1.7; 10.3.14 no. 142
al-Sindī ibn Shāhak, ?ex-slave from Sind holding important offices
8.10.3
al-Sinjārī, Ṭāhir ibn Ibrāhīm, physician
11.18; 15.60.2n
al-Ṣiqillī, Abū Bakr, director of a madrasah
15.57.1
Ṣiqlāb, servant of al-Mutawakkil
8.12.2
al-Sīrāfī, Abū Saʿīd Ḥasan (or al-Ḥasan) ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Marzubān, grammarian (290–368/903–979)
15.40.2
Sirjis al-Raʾsī see Sergius of Rēsh ʿAynā
Sīrk see Caraka
Sīsin al-Mannānī (Sissinios the Manichaean)
11.5.25 no. 13
Sitt al-Shām, sister of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb
15.48; 15.51.6
Socrates, Greek philosopher
4.1.10.5; 4.1.11.3; 4.1.11.4; 4.4; 5.1.32; 10.1.14 nos. 203–206
Solomon see Sulaymān
Solon, Athenian lawgiver
4.5.2
Sophists (al-Sūfisṭāʾiyyah)
10.1.14 nos. 29, 173; 10.3.14 no. 12
Sophocles, legendary physician of antiquity
3.3
Sophroniscus, father of Socrates
4.4.2.1
Sophus, Dogmatic physician of antiquity
3.5
Soranus, 2nd-c. Methodist physician
4.1.11.2; 5.1.37 no. 101
Sostratus, ancestor of Hippocrates
4.1.1
Stephanus, Athenian admirer of Aristotle
4.6.2.2
Stephanus, late-antique physician
3.4; 4.1.11.3; 5.2.1; 6.1.1
Stephanus of Ḥarrān, late-antique physician
5.2.1; 6.1.1
Stoics (Aṣḥāb al-miẓallah), school of philosophy founded by Zeno of Citium
2.1.6.4
al-Subkī, Tāj al-Dīn (d. 771/1370), Shāfiʿī jurist and historian
AI.1; AI.2
Sufyān ibn Saʿīd al-Thawrī, 8th-c. Hadith scholar
7.4
Sufyān ibn ʿUyaynah ibn Maymūn al-Hilālī al-Kūfī, traditionalist
7.3n
al-Suhrawardī, Shihāb al-Dīn, philosopher and mystic
15.18; 15.20; 15.40.3
al-Suhrawardī see also Abū l-Najīb al-Suhrawardī
al-Sukkarī, Jābir ibn Manṣūr, pupil of Ibn Abī l-Ashʿath and Muḥammad ibn Thawwāb
15.4
al-Sukkarī, Jābir ibn Mawhūb, physician son of Mawhūb ibn Ẓāfir
15.7
al-Sukkarī, Mawhūb ibn Ẓāfir ibn Jābir, Abū l-Faḍl, physician son of Ẓāfir ibn Jābir
15.6
al-Sukkarī, Ẓāfir ibn Jābir, Abū Ḥakīm, physician son of Jābir ibn Manṣūr
10.37.5 no. 40; 15.5
Sukkarah al-Ḥalabī, Jewish physician under al-Malik al-ʿĀdil
15.15
al-Sulamī, see Muwaffaq al-Dīn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Sulamī
Sulaym, Arab tribe
15.8.4(p); 15.8.5(p)
Sulaymān, Solomon son of David
1.4; 10.4.4.2n; 11.19; 15.46.3.2(p)
Sulaymān, oculist of Baghdad
11.5.25. no. 93
Sulaymān, mawlā of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.7; 8.4.4
Sulaymān Abū Bakr ibn Tāj, physician in al-Andalus (active 310/922)
13.22
Sulaymān ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṭāhir, Baghdadi official under al-Muhtadī
8.4.4
Sulaymān ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān, seventh Umayyad caliph (reg. 96–99/715–717)
8.13.2
Sulaymān ibn Ayyūb al-Faqīh (d. 377/987–988), Cordovan jurist
13.24.2
Sulaymān ibn Dāwūd ibn Bābān, physician accompanying Abū Dulaf
8.20.11
Sulaymān ibn al-Ḥakam ibn Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh, Umayyad ruler of al-Andalus (reg. 400/1009–1010 and 403–407/1013–1016)
13.45
Sulaymān ibn Ḥassān see Ibn Juljul
Sulaymān ibn Mihrān al-Asadī, known as al-Aʿmash, Hadith scholar of the Tābiʿūn
7.4
Sulaymān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿĪsā ibn al-Nāshī, Andalusī mathematician
13.6.1.2
Sulaymān ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, transmitter
10.2.2.1
Sulaymān ibn Wahb, vizier of al-Muhtadī
8.4.4
Sulayṭah, eunuch of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil Abū Bakr ibn Ayyūb
15.51.3
al-Ṣūlī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā, court companion of caliphs, expert on poetry and chess, author of K. al-Awrāq (d. 335/947)
8.3.5; 8.21.10n; 8.26.11n; 8.26.17
Sumayyah, mother (possibly by Abū Sufyān, father of Muʿāwiyah) of Ziyād ibn Abīhī, governor of Iraq
7.1.1
Sunqār, rebel in Khorasan in the time of al-Manṣūr
8.10.2
Surkhāb (al-Kiswah), chief servant of al-Muʿtaḍid
10.10.5
Suśruta, 6 c. BC Indian author of the Suśruta-Saṃhitā
12.2 no. 2
Suwārtigīn al-Farghānī, an associate of al-Muʿtaṣim
8.20
al-Suyūṭī, Jalāl al-Dīn (d. 911/1505), Egyptian polymath
AI.3
Syennesis of Cyprus, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.1n
Symmachus, physician of antiquity
3.4
al-Ṭabarī see Abū l-Ḥasan Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad al-Ṭabarī
al-Ṭabarī, Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Jarīr-Ṭabarī, polymath historian and Qurʾanic commentator (d. 310/923)
8.3.7n; 8.10.3n; 10.12.2; 10.22.2
al-Ṭabarī, Rabban see Rabban al-Ṭabarī
al-Ṭabarī see ʿAlī ibn Sahl Rabban al-Ṭabarī
al-Ṭabarī, astrologer favoured by Ghaḍīḍ
7.8.2
Tadrus al-Sanqal see Theodore the Syncellus
Tādurā al-Usquf (Tādurī the Bishop), Theodore of Karkh Guddan, patron of letters, associate of Sergius of Rēsh ʿAynā
9.42
Ṭāhir ibn al-Ḥusayn, Abū l-Ṭayyib, commander under al-Maʾmūn, founder of the Ṭāhirid dynasty of governors of Khorasan
7.7.2n; 8.10.4; 8.27.4
Ṭāhir ibn al-Ḥusayn ibn Yaḥyā al-Makhzūmī al-Baṣrī, Abū Muḥammad, late 4th/10th or early 5th/11th-c. poet
10.64n
Ṭāhir ibn Ibrāhīm see al-Sinjārī
Ṭāhir ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā al-Makhzūmī
10.64.19.4n
al-Ṭāʾiʿ li-Allāh, Abbasid caliph (reg. 363–381/974–91)
10.5.1; 10.29
Tāj al-Dīn ibn Yūnus al-Bulghārī, writer on simple drugs
15.45.4 no. 2
Tāj al-Dīn al-Kindī see al-Kindī, Tāj al-Dīn
Tāj al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Urmawī, teacher of IAU
11.19.7 no. 37
Tāj al-Dīn Rashīq, eunuch (khādim) at the court of al-Nāṣir li-Dīn Allāh
10.77.3
Tāj al-Mulk [al-Qūhī], general of Samāʾ al-Dawlah’s armies at Hamadan
11.13.3.7; 11.13.3.8
Ṭalāʾiʿ ibn Ruzzīk, vizier who held power during the reign of the Fatimid caliph al-Fāʾiz bi-Naṣr Allāh
14.31.6n
Ṭalḥah ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, opponent of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib at the Battle of the Camel
7.5.5n
al-Tamīmī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Saʿīd, 10th-c. physician
14.14; 14.25.9 no. 32
al-Tanūkhī see Ṣafī al-Dīn Khalīl ibn Abī l-Faḍl ibn Manṣūr al-Tanūkhī
al-Tanūkhī, Abū ʿAlī al-Muḥassin ibn ʿAlī al-Tanūkhī (d. 384/994), judge and prose writer
8.29.6n; 8.30.5n; 10.62 3; 11.5.11, 11.5.12
Taqī l-Dīn Khazʿal ibn ʿAskar ibn Khalīl (Abū l-Majd Taqī al-Dīn Khazʿal ibn ʿAskar ibn Khalīl), grammarian (d. 623/1226)
14.56.1
Ṭarafah, pre-Islamic poet
15.8
Tarmirah, physician of al-Muqtadir
8.5.2
Tāsh Farrāsh, commander in chief of the Ghaznavid troops
11.13.3.18
Ṭāṭ see Ṣāb
al-Tatār (or al-Tatar), the Tatars or Mongols
10.13.6; 11.13.7.9; 11.19.5; 11.20; 11.23; 15.32; 15.38; 15.54
al-Tawḥīdī, Abū Ḥayyān, 4th/10th-c. intellectual and author
7.1.2n; 8.3.16n; 8.26.9n
Tayādhūq
7.9; 8.18.4
Tayādūrus (Theodorus), court physician to Shāpūr II
11.1
Ṭayfūr, ?father of the literary man and historian, Abū l-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Abī Ṭāhir Ṭayfūr, claimed to be the brother of al-Khayzurān, wife of al-Mahdī
8.10.2; 8.10.3
al-Ṭayfūrī, father-in-law of the physician Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh
8.26.8
Teucros, presumed author of the Tankalūshā
11.19.7 no. 53
Teuthras, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 5
al-Thaʿālibī, Abū Manṣūr ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad, anthologist and poet (d. 429/1038)
4.6.10n; 4.6.11n; 7.9.2n; 8.29.22n; 11.9.1
Thābit the Translator see Thābit ibn Qurrah al-Ḥarrānī
Thābit ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn see Abū l-Ḥasan Thābit ibn Ibrāhīm ibn Zahrūn
Thābit ibn Ibrāhīm, Abū l-Ḥusayn, transmitter
10.3.8
Thābit ibn Qurrah al-Ḥarrānī, mathematician and scientist
1.5n; 2.1.5; 8.29.5; 8.29.22n; 9.12; 9.28; 10.1.5; 10.2.4 no. 25; 10.3; 10.19; no. 1; 11.3; 14.22.4.3 no. 44n; 14.25.9 no. 45n
Thābit ibn Sinān ibn Thābit ibn Qurrah, physician and historian
8.4.9; 8.23.2; 10.3.9; 10.4.4.1; 10.4.5; 10.4.6; 10.4.7; 10.4.8; 10.5; 10.10.5; 10.16; 10.26; 10.28; 13.19.1
Thaʿlab, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Zayd, grammarian (200–291/815–904)
15.40; 15.40.9 no. 10
Thales, member of Aristotle’s household
4.6.6.2
al-Thamānīnī, Abū l-Qāsim ʿUmar ibn Thābit, grammarian (d. 442/1050)
15.40.2
Thamūd, legendary Arabian tribe
11.13.7.9
Thaqīf, an ancient Arabian tribe of the al-Ṭāʾif district
7.1.1n; 7.1.6; 7.2.1
Thawr ibn Murtiʿ ibn Kindah, pre-Islamic Arabian chieftain
10.1.3
Theodosius, 2nd-/1st-c. BC Greek mathematician and astronomer
10.1.14 no. 223; 14.22.3.2n; 14.25.2n; 15.31.6n (Treatise on Spherics)
Theon (d. AD 405), Greek mathematician
10.3.14 no. 117
Theano, king of Pytho
4.3.4.3
Themison of Laodicea, founder of the Methodist school of medicine
4.1.10.4n; 4.1.11.2n
Themistius, philosopher and courtier (ca. 317–388)
14.25.2; 15.40
Themistius ‘the physician’, physician of antiquity
3.6; 4.1.11.3; 8.29.22n
Theocritus of Anazarbus, physician of antiquity
4.1.11.2
Theodore at Mar Saba, brother of Michael the Syncellus
9.23n
Theodore of Karkh Guddan see Tādurā al-Usquf
Theodore the Bishop (al-usquf) see Tādurā al-Usquf
Theodore the Syncellus (Tadharus, or Tadrus, al-Sunqal), translator
9.23
Theodoretos, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.5
Theodorus, ancestor of Hippocrates
4.1.1
Theodorus of Athens, Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3
Theodorus see Tayādūrus
Theodosius, late-antique physician
6.1.1; 10.1.14 no. 223; 14.25.2n; 15.31.6n (Treatise on Spherics)
Theodosius II, 5th-c. emperor
6.1.3n
Theodosius, catholicos in the time of al-Mutawakkil
8.29.17
Theodotus, physician of antiquity
4.1.10.4
Theomnestus of Nicopolis, Byzantine writer on veterinary medicine
8.29.22n
Theon, 2nd-c. AD mathematician and philosopher
4.1.11.3; 4.5.2n
Theophrastus of Eresos, philosopher and successor to Aristotle (d. ca. 287 BC)
4.1.11.3; 4.6.3.4; 4.6.3.5; 4.6.6.1; 4.6.13.1n; 4.7; 14.25.5 no. 7; 15.1.2
Treatises: 9.37n (Causes of Plants and On Sense Perception)
Thessalus, eldest son of Hippocrates
4.1.2; 4.1.10.1n
Thessalus of Tralles, 1st-c. Greek Methodist physician
1.1; 3.4; 3.5; 5.1.37 no. 20
Thomas of Edessa (Tūmā al-Ruhāwī), contemporary of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq
9.33; 9.34
Thrasybulus, dedicatee of Galen
5.1.37 no. 85
Thrasyllus of Mendes, 1st-c. AD grammarian and literary commentator
4.5.1n; 4.5.4n
Thuʿal, Arab tribe famous as archers
10.68.2.2(p)
Thumāmah al-ʿAbsī al-Qaʿqāʿī, brother-in-law of ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān
8.13
Tiberius, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.1; 5.1.11
al-Tibrīzī, Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyā ibn ʿAlī, called al-Khaṭīb al-Tibrīzī, philologist (d. 502/1108–1109)
15.40.2; 15.46.2
Timaeus, disciple of Plato
4.5.1
Timaeus of Locri, pseudonymous Neopythagorean forger
4.5.2n
Timaeus of Tarsus, late-antique physician
5.2.1
Timaeus ‘the Palestinian’, commentator on the works of Hippocrates
4.1.10.4
Timarchus, friend of Aristotle
4.6.6.1
Timbreus, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Timotheus, Greek philosopher, teacher of Socrates
4.1.11.3; 4.4.2.1
Timothy I, patriarch of the Church of the East, 780–823
8.25.8
Timurtāsh ibn Najm al-Dīn Il-Ghāzī, Ḥuṣām al-Dīn (reg. 516–548/1122–1154), Artuqid ruler
10.75.1; 10.75.3; 15.17
al-Tirmidhī, 3rd/9th-c. collector of hadiths
8.19.3; 8.19.4; 8.19.5
Titus, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Titus Ṭamīdiyūs, alleged 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Trajan, 2nd-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2; 5.1.11
Trallianus see Alexander of Tralles
Tubbaʿ, rulers of pre-Islamic Yemen
14.32.4(p); 15.11.2.1(p); 15.37.2(p)
al-Ṭufayl, father of ʿĀmir ibn al-Ṭufayl, tribal hero and poet (d. ca. 10/632)
15.8.4(p)
Tugashtal, see Nūfashal
al-Ṭughrāʾī Abū Ismāʿīl al-Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī, poet (d. 515/1121)
10.64.17.3; 11.13n
Ṭughril Beg, founder of the Seljuq Empire (reg. 1037–1063)
11.21 no. 3
Tullius of Alexandria, physician of late antiquity
4.1.11.2
Tūmā al-Ruhāwī see Thomas of Edessa
Tumulicus, disciple of Hippocrates
4.1.10.1n
Tūqashtal see Nūfashal
al-Turjālī see Abū Jaʿfar ibn Hārūn
Turkmen
15.18.1.2; 15.32; 15.49.3
Turks
8.4.10; 8.26.10; 10.69.3.9(p); 11.13.7.9(p); 13.63.8.1(p); 14.54.3; 15.1.1; 15.11.2.1(p); 15.23.1.3; 15.50.2
al-Ṭurṭūshī, Abū Bakr Muḥammad ibn al-Walīd, jurist (451–520/1059–1127)
15.3.1.5
al-Ṭūsī, Sharaf al-Dīn al-Muẓaffar ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Muẓaffar, mathematician and astronomer (d. 610/1213)
15.24
Tycho, slave belonging to Aristotle
4.6.6.2
Tyrrhenus, brother of Pythagoras
4.3.4.1
ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Bukhtīshūʿ
8.4.13; 8.5.2
ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Jibrīl (or Jabrāʾīl) ibn ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Bukhtīshūʿ, physician and source for IAU (d. after 1058)
5.1.7–5.1.13 (Galen’s dates); 5.1.8.1–5.1.9 (dates of Roman emperors); 6.1.3 (on John the Grammarian); 8.4.10; 8.5.2; 8.5.4; 8.29.7; 8.29.8n; 8.6; 8.39; 10.8.3; 10.8.4; 10.8.5; 10.8.6; 10.17; 10.27; 10.29; 10.30; 10.44.4; 10.46.2; 11.5.6; 11.5.22; 11.12; 14.20; 15.2
ʿUbayd Allāh ibn al-Mahdī, governor of Egypt under Hārūn al-Rashīd
14.1
ʿUbayd Allāh ibn al-Muẓaffar see Abū l-Ḥakam ʿUbayd Allāh
ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Sulaymān, Abū l-Qāsim, vizier (d. 288/901)
10.3.14 no. 81
ʿUbayd Allāh ibn Yaḥyā ibn Khāqān, vizier to al-Mutawakkil
8.4.3n; 8.4.10n; 8.12.2n
ʿUdhrah, Arab tribe
14.32.4n
ʿUlayyān al-ʿUkkāz al-Ḥalabī, unidentified
15.8.12
ʿUmar, servant of Ibn al-Muṭrān
15.23.2.1; AII.15
ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, eighth Umayyad caliph (reg. 99–101/717–720)
7.1.5n; 7.4; 8.19.2
ʿUmar ibn Ḥafs ibn Barīq, Andalusian physician
13.25
ʿUmar ibn Ḥamzah, al-Sharīf, grammarian
15.40.2
ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, second caliph (reg. 13–23/634–644) after Muḥammad’s death
7.1.5
ʿUmar ibn al-Farrūkhān al-Ṭabarī, astronomer (active 762–812)
7.8.2; 8.3.10; 9.31n; 10.1.5
ʿUmar ibn Maʿadd, contemporary of Ibn al-Jazzār
13.3.2.1
ʿUmar ibn al-Qurashī, judge, pupil of Muhadhdhab al-Dīn ibn al-Naqqāsh
15.13
ʿUmar ibn Ṣakhr, companion of Saʿīd ibn Tawfīl
14.4.4
ʿUmar ibn Yūnus ibn Aḥmad al-Ḥarrānī
13.19; 13.29.2
Umayyah Abū l-Ṣalt see Abū l-Ṣalt Umayyah
Umm Asmāʾ, concubine of al-Mahdī
8.8.3
Umm ʿĪsā, daughter of al-Hādī and wife of al-Maʾmūn
8.10.3
Umm Jaʿfar Zubaydah see Ghaḍīḍ
Umm Muḥammad, daughter of al-Hādī
8.10.3
Umm Muḥammad, daughter of Ghaḍīḍ
7.8.2
ʿUqbah ibn Abī Muʿayṭ, adversary of Muḥammad
7.2.3
Ūqlīdis, Uqlīdis see Euclid
ʿUrwah ibn al-Zubayr, late 7th-c. Medinan jurist
7.5.3; 7.5.4; 7.5.5
Usāmah ibn Munqidh, Muʾayyid al-Dawlah Abū l-Muẓaffar Usāmah ibn Murshid ibn ʿAlī ibn Muqallad ibn Naṣr ibn Munqidh, poet and anthologist (488–584/1095–1188)
15.13; 15.43.3n
Usṭāth (Eustathius), circle of al-Kindī (active first half of 3rd/9th c.)
8.29.8; 9.21
ʿUthmān, unidentified subject of a riddle epigram
15.58.5
ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān, third caliph following Muḥammad’s death, successor to ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb
7.1.1
ʿUthmān ibn Thumāmah, son of Thumāmah al-ʿAbsī al-Qaʿqāʿī
8.13
al-Uṭrūsh, al-Ḥasan (d. 304/917), Shiite missionary (Dāʿī)
11.5.25 no. 194
Vāgbhaṭa, author c. 600 AD of Aṣṭāṅgahṛdaya-Saṃhitā (K. Astānkar/Astāngar al-jāmiʿ)
12.2 no. 7n
Verus, Lucius, 2nd-c. Roman emperor
5.1.9
Vespasian, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Vitellius, 1st-c. Roman emperor
5.1.8.2
Wahb ibn Muḥammad al-Kalwadhānī, Abū Ṣaqr, 4th/10th-c. official
10.4.5
Wajīh al-Dīn al-Wāsiṭī, Abū Bakr al-Mubārak ibn Abī Ṭālib al-Mubārak ibn Abī l-Azhar Saʿīd Ibn al-Dahhān al-Ḍarīr, grammarian, teacher of ʿAbd al-Laṭīf al-Baghdādī (532–612/1137–1215)
15.40.2
al-Walīd, poet (probably al-Walīd ibn ʿUbayd Allāh al-Buḥturī, d. 284/897)
15.23.4.2(p)
al-Walīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān, sixth Umayyad caliph (reg. 86–96/705–715)
7.6; 7.9.1n; 8.13.2
Wallādah bint al-ʿAbbās ibn Jazʾ, sister of Thumāmah al-ʿAbsī al-Qaʿqāʿī, wife of ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān
8.13.2n
al-Wāqidī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar, historian (d. 207/822)
7.5.6
al-Warrāq, Maḥmūd ibn Ḥasan (d. ca. 230/845), poet
AII.3.2
al-Washshā, Abū l-Ṭayyib Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad, man of letters, grammarian and lexicographer (d. 325/937)
7.9.2n
Waṣīf the Turk, commander under al-Muʿtaṣim
8.4.10
(al-)Wathay
11.16 no. 1.17
al-Wāthiq bi-Allāh, ninth Abbasid caliph (reg. 227–232/842–47)
7.1.5; 8.4.2; 8.4.5n; 8.4.10n; 8.20.5; 8.20.6; 8.21.4n; 8.26.2; 8.26.4; 8.26.17n; 9.46n; 9.49n
Wuḥaysh see Abū l-Waḥsh Wuḥaysh al-Asadī Sabʿ ibn Khalaf
Xenocrates, master of the Athens Academy
4.5.2
Xenocrates of Aphrodisias, 1st-c. AD pharmacologist
4.1.10.5; 4.1.11.2
al-Yabrūdī, Abū l-Faraj Jirjīs [Jūrjis] ibn Yuḥannā ibn Sahl ibn Ibrahīm, Christian physician from Damascus (d. ca. 450/1058)
15.3
Yabūlūs, unidentified Roman king
1.8
Yāghī Siyān see Ṣalāḥ al-Dīn ibn Muḥammad
Yahūdā ibn Saʿādah see Ibn Saʿādah
Yaḥyā ibn Abī Ḥakīm al-Ḥallājī, personal physician of the caliph al-Muʿtaḍid
8.36
Yaḥyā ibn Abī Manṣūr, astronomer (d. 216/832)
14.25.1
Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī, Christian philosopher and theologian (d. 363/974)
1.4; 1.5; 4.5.4n; 4.7n; 4.8.1; 8.29.5; 10.22; 10.23.1; 11.7; 11.8.2; 11.8.6 no. 13; 14.25.9 no. 78; 15.1.3.1
Yaḥyā ibn al-Biṭrīq, translator of philosophical works and medical author (d. ca. 200/815)
9.32
Yaḥyā ibn Isḥāq, physician in al-Andalus (active 300/912)
13.21
Yaḥyā ibn Khālid ibn Barmak, member of the Barmakid family (d. 190/806)
8.2; 8.3.9; 8.8.1n; 8.8.2n; 8.29.22n; 12.2 no. 2; 12.3 no. 1; 15.1 no. 43
Yaḥyā ibn Māsawayh, 11th-c. writer on pharmacology
8.30.4(p)
Yaḥyā ibn Saʿīd ibn Yaḥyā (also known as Abū l-Faraj al-Anṭākī), Christian physician and historian continuator of Saʿīd ibn al-Biṭrīq (ca. 369/980)
14.10; 14.11
Yaḥyā ibn Yaḥyā, known as Ibn al-Samīnah, physician from Cordova (d. 315/927)
13.4
Yaḥyā al-Marwazī (? = Abū Yaḥyā al-Marwazī), teacher of Abū Bishr Mattā
10.21
Yaḥyā al-Naḥwī see John the Grammarian
Yandūn, servant of al-Hādī
8.10.3
Yaʿqūb (Jacob)
15.31.5(p)
Yaʿqūb, superintendent of Baghdad hospital
8.15.1
Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq ibn Mūsā ibn al-ʿĀzār al-Israʾīlī, physician in the service of al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh
14.9
Yaʿqūb ibn Killis see Ibn Killis
Yaʿqūb ibn Siqlāb see Ibn Siqlāb
Yaʿqūb al-Sīrāfī Ibn Māhān, physician and author of a work on medical matters
8.38
Yaʿqūb of Edessa see Ayyūb al-Ruhāwī (Ayyūb of Edessa)
al-Yaʿqūbī, geographer and historian
7.5.3n; 8.3.16n
al-Yaʿqūbiyyah see Jacobites
Yāqūt al-Ḥamawī, geographer and biographer
7.2.3n; 8.3.16n; 8.4.7n; 8.20.5n
al-Yasaʿ, Elisha, patron of translators
9.49
Yāsīn al-Sīmiyāʾī, magician
15.40.3
Yāsir, servant of al-Maʾmūn
8.24
Yazīd ibn Khālid ibn Rūmān, son of Ibn Rūmān
13.14
Yazīd ibn Mazyad, chieftain of Zāʾidah clan
8.10.3
Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiyah ibn Abī Sufyān, the second Umayyad caliph (reg. 64/684–685)
7.5.2; 7.6
Yazīd ibn Muqbil, a rider in the courier service of Iraq in the time of the caliph al-Maʾmūn
8.26.17
Yazīd ibn Rūmān, Abū Rawḥ al-Madanī, transmitter
7.2.3
Yazīd ibn Rūmān al-Naṣrānī al-Andalusī, Christian physician
13.14; 14.6 no. 2
Yazīd ibn Yūḥannā ibn Abī Khālid, known as Yazīd Būr, personal physician to al-Maʾmūn and then Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī
8.13
Yūfāl ibn Lāmakh ibn Matūshālakh see Jubal son of Lamech son of Methuselah
Yūḥannā ibn ʿAbd al-Masīḥ, Abū ʿAlī, friend of al-Faḍl ibn Jarīr al-Takrītī
10.39
Yūḥannā ibn al-Biṭrīq see Yaḥyā ibn al-Biṭrīq
Yūḥannā ibn Bukhtīshūʿ, Christian physician, collaborator of Ḥunayn ibn Isḥāq (d. ca. 912)
8.32; 9.30
Yūḥannā ibn Fātilah
9.37n
Yūḥannā ibn Ḥaylān, Christian philosopher (d. during caliphate of al-Muqtadir)
15.1.2; 15.1.3; 15.1.3.2
Yūḥannā ibn Māsawayh, Christian physician
8.3.5; 8.3.8; 8.8.1; 8.15.1; 8.15.2; 8.20.2; 8.20.3; 8.20.8; 8.25.7; 8.26; 8.27.1; 8.29.2; 8.29.3n; 8.29.4; 9.49; 10.1.14 no. 272; 13.3.3(p); 14.2
Yūḥannā ibn Sahl, son of Sahl al-Kawsaj
8.15.1
Yūḥannā ibn Sarābiyūn, medical author probably later 3rd/9th c. (IAU wrongly making him brother of Dāwūd ibn Sarābiyūn, q.v.)
6.5.1; 9.37n (al-Kunnāsh al-ṣaghīr); 9.49n; 10.8.12 no. 1; 11.5.25 no. 93
Yūnus ibn Ḥabīb, poet and critic (d. 182/798)
7.5.5n
Yūsuf, Joseph
15.31.5(p)
Yūsuf I, Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf
13.63.3; 13.65; 13.72
Yūsuf known as al-Sāhir, physician in the time of the caliph al-Muktafī
8.39
Yūsuf al-Baṣrī, known as ‘the Short’, physician accompanying Abū Dulaf
8.20.11
Yūsuf II, Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf al-Mustanṣir, Almohad ruler (reg. 610–621/1213–1224)
13.65; 13.68.3; 13.71; 13.72; 13.75; 13.76; 13.78; 13.80.2; 13.82
Yūsuf al-Fāsī al-Isrāʾīlī see Yūsuf al-Isrāʾīlī
Yūsuf ibn Aḥmad ibn Ḥasdāy, Abū Jaʿfar, Andalusian physician
13.51; 13.59.4 no. 17
Yūsuf ibn Hibat Allāh ibn Muslim, unidentified poet
14.32.4
Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm ibn al-Dāyah see Ibn al-Dāyah, Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm
Yūsuf ibn Ibrāhīm, mawlā of Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mahdī
8.27
Yūsuf ibn Iṣṭifan, physician
11.16 no. 1.39
Yūsuf ibn Ṣalībā, physician accompanying Abū Dulaf
8.20.11
Yūsuf ibn Tāshufīn see Ibn Tāshufīn
Yūsuf ibn Yaḥyā al-Nāshī see Yūsuf al-Isrāʾīlī
Yūsuf ibn Yaʿqūb, student of al-Rāzī
11.5.25 no. 212
Yūsuf ibn Yazdād, physician
11.16 no. 1.34
Yūsuf al-Isrāʾīlī, Abū al-Ḥajjāj Yūsuf ibn Yaḥyā ibn Isḥāq al-Sabtī al-Maghribī, Jewish physician often known as Ibn Shamʿūn (d. 1227)
14.22.3.2 (quoted as source under name Yūsuf al-Fāsī al-Isrāʾīlī); 15.40.7n; 15.41, 15.50.7 no. 7
Yūsuf al-Khūrī or al-Qass (the priest), Abū Yaʿqūb ibn Yūsuf ibn ʿĪsā known as Yūsuf the Translator, the Physician, and the Sleepless, physician under al-Muktafī
9.26
Yūsuf Laqwah, alchemist associate of al-Maʾmūn
8.11
Yūsuf al-Naṣrānī, Christian physician and patriarch of Jerusalem 981–983
14.10
Yūsuf the Translator see Yūsuf al-Khūrī or al-Qass (the priest)
Yūsuf al-Wāsiṭī, 4th/10th-c. Baghdadi physician
8.5.2
al-Ẓāfir bi-Amr Allāh (Abū Manṣūr Ismāʿīl ibn al-Ḥāfiẓ al-Dīn Allāh), twelfth Fatimid caliph (reg. 544–549/1149–1154)
14.29.3; 14.31.6
Ẓāfir al-Ḥaddād al-Iskandarī, poet (d. 529/1135)
13.58.4.2
Ẓāfir ibn Jābir al-Sukkarī see al-Sukkarī, Ẓāfir ibn Jābir
Ẓāfir ibn Tamīm, physician, presumably of Ibn al-ʿAynzarbī
14.29.4 no. 4
Zāhid al-ʿUlamāʾ, Abū Saʿīd Manṣūr ibn ʿĪsā, physician of Naṣr al-Dawlah and brother of Elias of Nisibis
10.54; 11.5.2
al-Ẓāhir li-Iʿzāz Dīn Allāh, seventh Fatimid caliph (reg. 413–427/1023–1036)
14.21
al-Zahrāwī, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī ibn Sulaymān
13.5.1; 13.8
al-Zahrāwī, Khalaf ibn ʿAbbās see Khalaf ibn ʿAbbās al-Zahrāwī
Zahrūn, contemporary of Ibn al-Ṭayyib
10.37.4
al-Zajjāj, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Muḥammad al-Sarī, grammarian (d. 310/922)
15.40.2
Zakariyyā ibn al-Ṭayfūrī, pĥysician on campaign with al-Afshīn in 222/837
8.11; 8.15.1; 9.49
Zakhariyyā ibn Thawābah see Anbā Zakhariyyā ibn Thawābah
al-Zamakhsharī, Abū l-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar, grammarian (467–538/1075–1144)
7.5.6n; 11.19.7 no. 8; 15.40.9 no. 12
Zangī ibn Āq Sunqur, ʿImād al-Dīn (reg. 521–541/1127–1146), founder of the Zangid dynasty of Mosul and Aleppo
10.69.4 no. 5
Zankal, Indian physician
12.2
Zankī see Zangī
Zarāfah, majordomo to al-Mutawakkil
8.29.11
Zarathustra (Zarādusht)
1.5; 4.3.4.1
Zarayāyal, late-antique physician
5.2.1
Zarnab, pupil of al-Kindī
10.1.14 no. 79
Zarūbā see Zarūyā
Zarūyā (Zarūbā?) ibn Mānaḥūh (Mājūh?) al-Nāʿimī al-Ḥimṣī, translator
9.14
al-Zawzanī, ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf al-ʿAbdalakānī (d. 431/1040), poet
15.1n
Zayd ibn Rāfiʿ, mawlā of al-Muhājir ibn Khālid ibn al-Walīd
7.5.2
Zayn al-Dīn, the blind, philosopher
15.52.1
Zayn al-Dīn al-Ḥāfiẓī, Sulaymān, physician in Aleppo and Damascus under the Ayyubids
15.32
Zayn al-Dīn al-Kashshī, disciple of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī in Marand
11.19.2
Zayn al-Dīn ibn Muʿṭī, grammarian (d. 628/1231)
15.51.2
Zayn al-Ḥassāb, unidentified 6th/12th-c. pupil of Abū l-Bayān ibn al-Mudawwar in Egypt
14.33.4
Zayn al-Mulk Abū Ṭālib see Ibn al-Khayyāṭ, Zayn al-Mulk Abū Ṭālib
Zaynab, female physician of the Banū Awd
7.10
Zengi see Zangī
Zeno the Elder, i.e. Zeno of Elea, Presocratic Greek philosopher
4.1.11.3
Zeno the Younger, i.e. Zeno of Citium, Hellenistic philosopher
4.1.11.3
Zeno of Cyprus, 4th-c. AD Greek physician
4.1.10.2n
Ziyād, traditionist (?Ziyād ibn Labīd, a Companion of Muḥammad)
7.3
Ziyād ibn Abīhi (also known as Ziyād ibn Abī Sufyān), governor of Iraq and the eastern provinces under Muʿāwiyah
7.1.1
Ziyādat Allāh ibn al-Aghlab al-Tamīmī, last Aghlabid emir in Ifrīqiyah (reg. 290–296/903–907)
13.1.2; 13.2.2.1
Zoroaster see Zarathustra
Zoroastrians
1.5; 4.6.7.1
Zubaydah Umm Jaʿfar, wife of Hārūn al-Rashīd
8.3.22; 8.4.11; 8.25.7n
al-Zubayr ibn al-ʿAwwām, fought on ʿĀʾishah’s side at the Battle of the Camel, killed by Ibn Jurmūz
7.5.4; 7.5.5
Zūsī see Rūsā
Index of Place Names to Vols. 2 and 3
The Arabic article (a)l-, in all positions, is ignored for the alphabetical order. The numbers provided in the entries refer first to the chapter number, then the biography number, and then, when relevant, to numbered subsections and sub-subsections within that biography. The numerical references apply to both the edited Arabic text and the annotated English translation. After a number, n refers to a footnote, ‘no.’ refers to listed titles or sayings, and (p) refers to places mentioned in poems. Cross references are supplied for places with names common in English (e.g., Dimashq see Damascus).
The index covers the edition, translation, and annotation of the ʿUyūn but not the essays and material in the first volume of A Literary History of Medicine.
al-ʿAbbāsah, a town in Egypt favoured by Ayyubids as a retreat for hunting and fishing
14.54.4
Abdera, ancient Greek city
4.1.2; 4.1.9.2
Abīward see Bāward
Abū Hurayra, village west of al-Raqqah
14.50n
Abū Najīḥ Street (Sikkat Abī Najīḥ), in Mosul
10.81.2
Acragas, ancient Greek city in Sicily, the modern Agrigento
3.4n; 3.5n; 4.1.11.3n; 4.3.4.2n
Acre (Akko, ʿAkkā), a city in the northern coastal plain of modern-day Israel
15.11.2; 15.11.2.1; 15.40.3
Ādharbayjān see Azerbaijan
ʿĀdiliyyah Law College (al-Madrasah al-ʿĀdiliyyah), in Damascus
15.19
ʿAḍudī Hospital (al-Bīmāristān al-ʿAḍudī), in Baghdad
10.31; 10.32; 10.33; 10.37.1; 10.37.2; 10.42; 10.58.3; 10.72n; 10.79; 11.5.2; 11.5.3; 11.5.4; 11.5.5; 11.5.6; 11.5.7; 14.22.5.1n; 15.3.1n; 15.13n
Aegina, Greek island
4.1.9.2n; 4.1.11.3n; 8.29.22n
Afqah see Maghārat Afqah
Afrūjiyyā see Phrygia
Afshanah, a village near Bokhara, birthplace of Ibn Sīnā
11.13.2.1
Āghmāt, town in mid-southern Morocco
13.66.3n
Agrigento see Acragas
Ahlat see Khilāṭ
al-Ahwāz (or Ahvaz), an early important commercial town on the river Kārūn (or Dujayl) situated halfway between Baghdad and Shiraz
8.3.10; 8.3.14; 8.15.1; 10.25; 11.16 no. 1.33; 14.22.4.3 no. 23; 14.22.4.4
ʿAjlūn (Ajloun), a hilly town in the north of present-day Jordan
15.51.5; 15.60.1
Akhmīm, city in Upper Egypt, the ancient Panopolis
2.1.4n
ʿAkkā, Akko see Acre
Alarcos, city in today’s province of Ciudad Real (Spain)
13.66.3n
Alburz, mountain range in northern Persia
8.20.11n
Aleppo (Ḥalab, Greek Beroea), city in Syria
5.1.19; 8.26.10n; 10.38.2; 10.69.4 no. 5n; 11.21 no. 6; 14.21 no. 3; 14.22.3.2; 14.49.2n; 15.1.5 no. 72; 15.2n; 15.5; 15.6; 15.7; 15.12; 15.15; 15.16; 15.18.1; 15.18.1.3; 15.18.1.4; 15.23.2.1; 15.30; 15.31; 15.32; 15.40.5; 15.40.6; 15.40.7; 15.40.9 nos. 24, 73, 78, 85, 168; 15.41; 15.45.3; 15.49.3; 15.50.6; 15.51.1; 15.51.4n; 15.54
Alexandria (al-Iskandariyyah)
4.1.10.3n; 4.1.11.2; 4.1.11.3; 5.1.21.1; 5.1.25; 5.1.26; 5.1.37 no. 115; 6.1.1; 6.1.2; 6.1.3 (Museum/House of Knowledge); 7.1.5n; 7.4; 8.19.1n; 8.29.9; 11.8.6 no. 15; 13.51.3; 13.51.4 no. 3; 13.58.2.1; 13.58.4.2; 13.86.2; 14.1; 14.11; 14.25.2n; 14.26.3 no. 2; 14.32.5 no. 3; 14.54.10; 15.1.2; 15.31.1; 15.33
ʿĀlij, of uncertain location, often said to be a sandy tract in Arabia
10.69.3.10(p)
ʿĀliqīn, location outside of Damascus
14.38.1n
Almeria (Almería, al-Mariyyah), town in al-Andalus
13.30; 15.8.1n
al-ʿAlth, town north of Baghdad, on the east bank of the Tigris
8.25.7
Alzira (Jazīrat al-Shuqar), city in the province of Valencia (Spain)
13.84
Amida (Āmid), an ancient town in eastern Anatolia
10.2.3.1; 10.10.5; 10.75.3; 11.13.7.9(p); 15.22n; 15.56.1
al-Amīniyyah Law College (al-Madrasah al-Amīniyyah), in Damascus
15.34
ʿAmmūriyah (Amorion/Amorium; Syriac Amūrīn), stronghold on the military road from Constantinople to Cilicia, southwest of Ankara
8.26.3; 8.26.5; 8.29.3n
Amorion/Amorium see ʿAmmūriyah
ʿAmtā, small village in Jordan
15.51.5
Anatolia (Bilād al-Rūm; see also Asia Minor)
10.82; 15.40.5
Anazarbus, Anazarba see ʿAyn Zarbah
al-Anbār (Greek Bērsabōra), important town on the left bank of the Euphrates near Baghdad
8.3.16; 5.16.1
Ancyra, the modern Ankara
8.26.3
al-Andalus, Islamic Spain and Portugal
1.7n; 8.3.6; 8.19.2n; 10.9.1n; 13 passim; 14.6n; 14.27.2n; 15.11.1
Anṭākiyah see Antioch
Antioch (Anṭākiyah, Antakya), ancient town in northern Syria (now in Turkey)
5.1.8.2; 6.1.3; 7.4; 10.38.6 no. 7; 10.61; 14.3; 14.4.1; 14.27.3; 15.1.2
Apamea, Greek city in north-west Syria
4.10.1.3n
Aphrodisias, ancient Greek city in south-western Anatolia
4.1.10.5; 4.1.11.3; 4.8; 4.8.2
ʿAqrabāʾ, a locality near the Syrian city of Damascus
15.32
al-Aqṣā Mosque (al-Jāmiʿ al-Aqṣā), in Jerusalem
15.40.5
Aquileia, Roman city of northern Italy
5.1.9
Arabian Peninsula
7.5.3n
Arbil see Erbil
Argos, Greek city of the Peloponnese
2.1.1
al-ʿArīsh, Egyptian city on the Mediterranean coast of Sinai
7.5.6
Armenia (Armīniyah), region of the southern Caucasus
5.1.16.1; 10.44.4; 10.46.4 no. 15
Arzan al-Rūm see Erzerum
Arzanjān see Erzinjan
Ascalon, coastal city of Palestine
6.1.1n; 14.33.3n; 15.1.3n
Asia Minor (Bilād al-Rūm; see also Anatolia)
14.3n; 14.54.11; 14.58.1; 14.58.2
ʿAsqalān see Ascalon
Aswān, town on the eastern bank of the Nile in Upper Egypt
14.22.3.1
Asyūṭ (Assiut), city of Upper Egypt important for trade and agriculture
5.1.21.1
Atarneus, ancient Greek city in Asia Minor
4.6.2.1
Athens
2.1.6.1n; 2.1.6.4n; 4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.3; 4.4.2.1; 4.4.2.3; 4.4.3; 4.5.1; 4.5.2; 4.6.2.1; 4.6.2.3; 4.6.3.1; 5.1.21.1; 5.1.25n
Atlantic Ocean (Baḥr al-Ẓulmah, Sea of Darkness)
13.4n
al-ʿAttābiyyah, a quarter in Baghdad famous for its cloth called ʿattābī
15.18.1.3n
ʿAydhāb, a once important port on the Red Sea in what is now modern-day Sudan
15.23.2.1
ʿAyn Jālūt see Wādī Kanʿān
ʿAyn Shams, now a suburb of Cairo, the ancient Heliopolis
4.3.4.2
ʿAyn Zarbah/Zarbā (Anazarbos, Anazarba), ancient city in south-western Anatolia
4.1.11.2; 4.1.11.3; 5.1.8.2; 14.29.1
Azerbaijan (Ādharbayjān), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia
8.11n; 8.20.11n; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.21
al-Azhar Mosque (al-Jāmiʿ al-Azhar)
14.22.2; 14.22.3.1; 15.40.4
al-ʿAzīziyyah, a region consisting of five villages in Egypt named after the Fatimid caliph al-ʿAzīz
14.54.3
al-ʿAzīziyyah Law College (al-Madrasah al-ʿAzīziyyah), in Damascus
15.40.5
Baalbek (Baʿlabakk, Greek Heliopolis), an ancient settlement and small town in modern-day eastern Lebanon
5.1.8.2; 15.20; 15.37; 15.48; 15.49.2; 15.51.2; 15.51.4; 15.51.10.1(p); 15.51.11 no. 1; 15.52.1
Bāb al-Azaj (the ‘Portico Gate’), a quarter in eastern Baghdad with many markets and large businesses
10.8.4; 10.81.1
Bāb Baradān, one of the gates of Baghdad, located on the Baradān road
8.10.3; 8.25.7
Bāb al-Barīd, district in Damascus
15.57.1
Bāb al-Farādīs (or Bāb al-Imārah), one of the seven gates of Old Damascus
15.51.4, 8
Bāb al-Faraj (Gate of Deliverance), the name of gates in both Damascus and Aleppo
15.18.1; 15.18n
Bāb al-Fatḥ (Victory Gate), in Seville
13.61.3.2; 13.62.3; 13.64.2.1
Bāb al-Gharabah (‘Willow Tree Gate’), in Baghdad
10.64.7
Bāb al-Imārah see Bāb al-Farādīs
Bāb al-Jawz (Walnut Tree Gate), in Cordova
13.21.2.1
Bāb Khirbat al-Harrās, gate in Baghdad
10.77.3
Bāb Khurāsān, a gate of al-Manṣūr’s Round City (Madīnat al-Salām, the official name of Baghdad), located to the northeast, on the Khorasan road
8.10.3
Bāb al-Maydān see al-Maydān Gate
Bāb al-Naqb, a place midway between the Bāb Khurāsān and the Bāb Baradān in Baghdad
8.10.3
Bāb al-Naṣr (Victory Gate), one of the city gates of Damascus
15.20
Bāb al-Raḥmah (the Door/Gate of Mercy), one of the doors of the Golden Gate in Jerusalem
14.49.3
Bāb al-Ṣaghīrah, one of the city gates of Damascus
15.52.2
Bāb Shāʿ, in al-Ruhā
14.54.3
Bāb Tūmā one of the city gates of Damascus
15.3.1.5
Bāb Zuwaylah, a gate in the southern wall of the Fatimid fortifications of Cairo
14.31.6n
Babel (Bābil), ancient Babylon in Mesopotamia
1.1; 2.1.3; 2.1.4; 4.3.4.1; 10.68.2.2(p); 10.69.3.8(p); 11.13.7.9(p); 15.8.6(p); 15.56.1n
Bābilyūn or Bābalyūn see Qaṣr al-Shamaʿ
Bactria see Balkh
Badajoz (Baṭalyaws)
13.21.1; 13.21.2.2
al-Badandūn, Badhandūn see Budandūn
Badhdh, a district and fortress of northern Azerbaijan
8.11n
Badr, a place southwest of Medina, site of a battle between the nascent Muslim community and the Meccans
7.2.3n
Baghdad (Baghdād or Baghdādh, and Madīnat al-Salām, ‘the City of Peace’, the official name of Baghdad)
1.11n; 2.1.1n; 4.1.11.1n; 8.1.1; 8.3.5; 8.3.15n; 8.3.16; 8.3.17; 8.4.2; 8.4.4; 8.4.11n; 8.5.2; 8.5.3; 8.5.4; 8.6n; 8.7; 8.8.2; 8.8.6; 8.10.2n; 8.10.3n; 8.10.4; 8.15.1; 8.18.2; 8.20.5; 8.20.6n; 8.20.10; 8.25.2; 8.25.4; 8.25.7; 8.26.4; 8.26.5; 8.26.8; 8.27.4; 8.29.1; 8.29.5n; 8.29.9; 8.29.22; 8.30.3; 8.33; 9.11n; 9.37n; 9.38n; 9.42; 10.1.4; 10.1.6; 10.1.7; 10.1.9; 10.1.12; 10.2.3.1; 10.2.4 no. 19; 10.3.2.3; 10.3.4; 10.4.2; 10.4.4.1; 10.4.7; 10.4.8; 10.5.4; 10.6; 10.7; 10.8.2; 10.8.3; 10.8.4; 10.8.10; 10.8.11; 10.11; 10.12.1; 10.13.1; 10.13.2; 10.13.3; 10.13.5; 10.14.1; 10.15; 10.16; 10.20; 10.21; 10.22.2; 10.23.1; 10.23.2; 10.26; 10.28; 10.29; 10.31; 10.32; 10.33; 10.37.1; 10.37.3; 10.37.5 no. 40; 10.38.1; 10.51.1; 10.38.2; 10.60; 10.63.2; 10.63.3; 10.64.1; 10.64.3n; 10.64.6; 10.64.7; 10.64.12; 10.64.13; 10.64.16; 10.64.17.1n; 10.64.17.2n; 10.64.17.3; 10.66.1; 10.66.2; 10.66.6; 10.67.5 no. 1n; 10.68.1.1; 10.68.1.3; 10.68.2.1n; 10.67.2.2n; 10.68.2.3n; 10.68.2.4n; 10.68.2.7(p); 10.70; 10.71; 10.72; 10.73; 10.76.2; 10.77.1; 10.77.2; 10.77.3; 10.78; 10.79; 10.81.1; 10.81.2; 10.81.4n; 10.81.5n; 11.5.1; 11.5.2; 11.5.3; 11.5.4; 11.5.6; 11.5.11; 11.5.25, no. 93; 11.7; 11.8.2; 11.13.8 no. 75; 11.21; 12.2 no. 7n; 11.13.7.9(p); 12.5; 12.6; 13.1.2; 13.19; 13.34.1; 13.49; 13.61.3.1; 14.1; 14.2; 14.22.4.2 no. 19; 14.22.4.3 no. 23; 14.22.5.1n; 14.22.5.1 no. 3n; 14.22.5.1 no. 13; 14.22.5.2 no. 73n; 14.25.9 no. 22n; 14.25.9 no. 25n, 64n, 78n; 14.29.1, 2; 14.31.5; 15.1.1; 15.1.2; 15.1.3.2; 15.1.5 no. 32; 15.3.1; 15.5; 15.8; 15.12; 15.13; 15.17; 15.24; 15.35; 15.36; 15.40; AII.5
Bahnasāʾ, a locality on the road between Malatya and Aleppo
15.40.6
Baḥr al-Ẓulmah see Atlantic Ocean
Bahrain (al-Baḥrayn)
10.1.3
Bājarmā see Beth Garmai
Bājat al-Gharb see Beja
Bajjānah see Pechina
Baʿlabakk see Baalbek
Balad or Balaṭ, a city on the Tigris
8.20.10n; 10.48; 10.66.1; 11.13.7.9(p)
Balansiyah see Valencia
Balkh (ancient Bactria), city in Khorasan, in the north of present-day Afghanistan
11.5.9; 11.13.2.1; 11.13.7.9(p)
Baluchistan
14.25.9 no. 42n
Bamyan (Bāmyān), a town in modern-day Afghanistan situated on the ancient silk route
11.19.3
Bānyās canal (Nahr Bānyās), near Damascus
10.75.1
Baʿqūbā, a place north-east of Bagdad, famous for its dates and fruit
10.68.1.4
Baradā, the river on which Damascus stands
7.7.2; 10.69.3.9(p)
Baradān Bridge, one of the bridges over the Tigris in Baghdad
8.25.7
Barāhān see Fardajān
Barakhsh see Warakhshah
Barqah, the eastern coastal region of modern Libya
7.5.6
Basra (al-Baṣrah), a city on the Shaṭṭ al-ʿArab waterway, southeast of Baghdad (medieval Basra is located in Zubayr, 20 km southwest of modern Basra)
1.9; 8.3.14; 8.3.15; 8.3.22; 8.4.3; 8.7; 8.19.1; 8.19.3; 8.26.17n; 8.29.1; 10.1.4; 11.10; 13.34.1; 14.22.1–2; 14.22.4.3 no. 36; 14.22.4.4; 14.22.5.1 no. 8n; 14.22.5.2 no. 80n; 15.8.8
al-Baṣṣah, small town in Northern Palestine
13.58.4.4
Baṭalyaws see Badajoz
Bāward (also Abīward), town in Khorasan
11.13.2.11
Bawwān, a valley in southern Persia
15.54(p)
Bayn al-Qaṣrayn (‘between the two palaces’), a square between the eastern and western palaces built by the Fatimids in the centre of Cairo
14.51.2
Bayt Laḥm see Bethlehem
Bayt al-Maqdis see Jerusalem
Beja (Bājat al-Gharb), city in the Alentejo region (Portugal)
13.78
Beruniy see Bīrūn
Beth Garmai (Bājarmā), region around Kirkuk
6.5.1; 9.49n
Bethlehem (Bayt Laḥm)
5.1.8.1
Bīʿat Mār Tūmā (The Church of Saint Thomas), in Baghdad
10.22.3
Bīʿat Sūq al-Thalāthāʾ (Tuesday Market Church) see Tuesday Market
Bijāyah see Bougie
Bilād al-ʿAjam, Lands of the Persians, Greater Persia
11; 10.3.7.3; 11.5.14
Bilād al-Rūm, Lands of the Romans or Byzantines see Anatolia and Byzantine Empire and Asia Minor
Bilād al-Shām see Syria
Bilbays, a town in lower Egypt, northeast of Cairo on the edge of the desert
15.49.4
Biʾr Maymūn, a well in or near Mecca, exact location uncertain
8.9
Biʾr Zuwaylah, a well or pit near a quarter in Cairo called Ḥārat Zuwaylah, where the caliphal horses were kept
14.31.6
al-Birbāʾ, locality in Upper Egypt, near Panopolis
2.1.4n
Birkat al-Fīl (‘the Elephant Pond’), the largest of several ponds and marshy areas in Cairo left by the River Nile as it shifted towards the West
14.54.6
Birkat al-Ḥabash (‘the Pond of the Abyssinians’), pool or lake on the southern fringes of Fustat
13.58.4.5
Bīrūn, formerly known as Kath and capital of Khwārazm (modern-day Uzbekistan); in 1957 renamed ‘Beruniy’ in honour of al-Bīrūnī
11.15
Bistam, Bisṭām, town in Persia
11.5.12
Bithynia, ancient region in northwestern Asia Minor
4.1.11.2n; 4.6.2.1
Bokhara (Bukhara, Bukhārā)
11.13.2.1; 11.13.2.3; 11.13.2.9; 11.13.2.11
Bosra (Buṣrā, Bostra), a town in southern Syria near the Jordan border, an important stopover on the ancient caravan route to Mecca
15.51.8
Bostra see Bosra
Bougie (Bijāyah), town in modern Algeria
13.66.3
Bruttium, ancient region in southern Italy, the modern Calabria
4.3.4.3n
Budandūn (al-Badandūn, Badhandūn, modern Bozantı), a river and town in Anatolia
8.26.17
al-Buḥayrah, the western province of the Nile delta during the Fatimid period
14.26.3 no. 2
Bukhārā see Bokhara
Burj, a village near Isfahan
10.68.1.4n; 11.16n
Būrnūs, unidentified; possibly Praesus, an ancient coastal town in eastern Crete, or Portus, the port of Rome
1.8
Būshanj, a town in eastern Persia
8.10.4; 8.27.4
Buṣrā see Bosra
Byblos, locality in present-day Lebanon
15.20n
Byzantine Empire (balad al-Rūm, ‘land of the Romans’)
8.26.5; 9.12n; 10.3.2.2; 10.23.2; 15.23.1; 15.39
Caesarea (Qaysāriyyah or Qaysariyyah), a coastal town of Palestine
5.1.8.1n; 14.10n
Cairo (al-Qāhirah, Miṣr) [see also Old Cairo]
6.3.1n; 8.5.3; 13.51.1; 13.51.2; 13.51.3; 13.58.2.1; 13.58.4.2; 13.86.2; 14.7; 14.14.3; 14.14.7; 14.21 no. 2; 14.22.2; 14.22.3.1–2; 14.22.5.2 no. 91n; 14.24; 14.25.1; 14.25.3;14.25.9 no. 61; 14.26.3 no. 2; 14.27.3; 14.29.2, 3; 14.31.5, 6, 8; 14.32.1n; 14.33.3n, 4; 14.34.1; 14.36.2; 14.37; 14.39.2n; 14.40.1, 2; 14.41; 14.42.1, 3 no. 3; 14.43.1; 14.44.2, 3; 14.45; 14.47.2; 14.48.2; 14.50; 14.51.2, 4; 14.54.3, 4, 6n, 7, 8, 15; 14.55.1, 2; 14.56.1; 14.57.2; 14.58.3; 15.1.5 no. 32; 15.3.1.2; 15.13; 15.14; 15.29; 15.40.3; 15.40.4; 15.40.5; 15.49.2; 15.49.4; 15.50.3; 15.51.1; 15.53
Campanar, town located north-west of Valencia (Spain)
13.87n
Campanario, city in the province of Badajoz (Spain)
13.87n
Candlestick Market see Sūq al-Qanādīl
Canjáyar (Qanjayrah), city in the region of Almería (Spain)
13.79
Carmona (Qarmūniyah), a city in al-Andalus
8.19.2n
Carrhae see Ḥarrān
Carthage, Roman city of North Africa
5.1.8.2n
Carystus, ancient Greek city-state on Euboea
3.4n; 4.1.9.2n
Castle of Barqā (Qalʿat Barqā), unidentified place in Armenia
10.46.4 no. 15
Caulonia, ancient town in southern Italy
4.3.4.3
Cave of Afqah see Maghārat Afqah
Centuripae, Sicilian town near Mt. Etna
4.3.4.2
Ceuta (Sabtah), a city in North-Africa
14.22.3.2n; 15.41n
Chaeronea, ancient Greek city of Boeotia
4.6.2.2n
Chalcedon, Greek city on the Bosporus
4.1.10.5; 6.1.3 (Council of Chalcedon)
Chalcidice, region in northern Greece
4.6.2.1; 4.6.6.2n
Chalcis, ancient Greek city
4.6.6.2
China
8.3.16n; 14.47.1n
Chios, Aegean island
2.1.1n; 5.1.21.1
Chorasmia, Chorezm see Khwārazm
Church of Saint Theodore (Kanīsat Mār Thawādrus), Coptic church lying just to the south of Old Cairo
14.10
Circesium (Qarqīsiyā), town in north-eastern Syria
5.1.16.1n
Citium, ancient city in Cyprus
4.1.10.3n; 4.1.10.5n; 4.1.11.3n
City of Peace see Baghdad
Cnidos see Knidos
Constantine see Qusṭanṭīnah
Constantinople (al-Qusṭanṭīniyyah)
5.1.8.2; 5.2.15; 6.1.3; 8.26.5; 8.29.6; 9.23n; 10.36; 10.38.4; 10.38.6 no. 10; 13.36.2.2; 14.25.2n
Cordova (Córdoba, Qurṭubah)
1.7n; 4.2; 13.4; 13.5.1; 13.7; 13.9; 13.12; 13.23; 13.27.2; 13.29.2n; 13.34.2; 13.35; 13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.3; 13.36.2.4; 13.36.3 no. 1; 13.38.1; 13.66.1; 13.66.3; 13.81.1; 13.82; 14.39.1n; 15.41
Corinth, Greek city on the Isthmus
5.1.25
Cos see Kos
Cranon, ancient Greek city in Thessaly
4.1.5
Crete (Iqrīṭish, Iqrīṭush)
1.1; 1.8n; 1.11; 4.3.4.3 (spelled f-r-m-s)
Croton, ancient Greek city in southern Italy
4.3.4.2; 4.3.4.3
Ctesiphon see al-Madāʾin
Cyprus
4.1.10.1n; 4.1.10.2n; 5.1.21.1
Dabarkī (or Divrigi), small town and district of Sivas Province in modern-day Turkey
15.40.6
al-Dakhwāriyyah College, medical school in Damascus
15.50.5n; 15.57.1
Damascus (Dimashq or al-Shām, which may also refer to Greater Syria; Jilliq, properly a site in the Ghūṭah, sometimes stands for Damascus, esp. in poetry)
1.4n; 2.1.3n; 4.8; 7.5.1; 7.5.3; 7.5.6; 7.7.1; 7.7.2; 7.8.3; 8.5.3; 8.26.14; 8.29.22n; 10.38.4; 10.64.13; 10.69.3.9(p, Jilliq); 10.69.3.10(p, Jilliq); 10.69.4 no. 4; 10.75.1; 10.75.2; 11.13.7.9(p, Jilliq); 13.4; 14.3; 14.22.2n; 14.31.5; 14.32.2; 14.36.2; 14.38.1n; 14.39.1n; 14.42.1; 14.42.3 nos. 3, 4; 14.44.2; 14.49.2n; 14.50; 14.51.2; 14.54.2; 14.54.3; 14.54.9; 14.55.3n; 14.56.1, 2; 14.57.2; 14.58.2; 14.58.3; 15.1.1; 15.1.1.1; 15.1.1.2; 15.1.5 no. 32; 15.3.1; 15.3.1.1; 15.3.1.2; 15.3.1.5; 15.3.1.6; 15.8; 15.9; 15.10; 15.11; 15.12; 15.13; 15.14; 15.15; 15.17 (Dimashq and Jilliq); 15.18.1; 15.18.1.1; 15.18.1.2; 15.19; 15.20; 15.21; 15.22; 15.23.1; 15.23.2.1; 15.23.2.2; 15.23.3; 15.23.4.1; 15.23.4.2; 15.24; 15.27; 15.29; 15.30; 15.31.1; 15.32; 15.33; 15.34; 15.35; 15.36.1; 15.37.1; 15.37.3; 15.37.4; 15.38; 15.39; 15.40.1; 15.42; 15.43; 15.44; 15.45; 15.46; 15.47.2.1(p); 15.48; 15.49.1; 15.49.2; 15.49.3; 15.49.6; 15.50.1; 15.50.2; 15.50.3; 15.50.5; 15.50.6(p); 15.50.7 no. 3; 15.51.1; 15.51.2; 15.51.3; 15.51.4; 15.51.5; 15.51.6; 15.51.7; 15.51.8; 15.52.1; 15.53; 15.54 (Dimashq and Jilliq); 15.56.1; 15.57.1; 15.58; 15.59; 15.60.1; AI.1; AII.15
Damascus Gate (Bāb al-Shām), in Baghdad
10.4.6
Damāwand see Dunbāwand
Damietta (Dimyāṭ), a port in Egypt
10.61; 14.49.2; 14.54.9; 14.54.10; 14.54.15; 15.45.2
Dāniyah see Dénia
Daqūqāʾ, a town in the Jazīrah province of modern Iraq, on the main road between Baghdad and Mosul
8.5.2
Dār al-Dhahab (Golden House), a law college (madrasah) in Baghdad
15.40.2
Dār al-Ḥijārah, area in Damascus
15.8.1
Dār Ibn al-Zaʿfarānī (the House of Ibn al-Zaʿfarānī), in al-Ruhā
14.54.3
Dār al-Rūm, the Christian quarter of Baghdad
8.5.2; 8.25.2
Dārā, fortress town of northern Mesopotamia
5.1.16.1
Darb al-Fālūdhaj (Sweetmeats Alley), in Baghdad
15.40.2
Daybul, seaport of Sind
8.21.4n
Daylam, highlands in Iran close to the Caspian Sea, also the name of its people
10.4.9 no. 8; 11.13.7.9(p) (spelled al-Daylamān)
Dayr al-ʿAdhārā, a convent near the town of al-ʿAlth
8.25.7n
Dayr al-ʿAlth, a convent near the town of al-ʿAlth
8.25.7n
Dayr Banī l-Ṣaqr, unidentified locality not far from Baghdad or Sāmarrā
8.20.5
Dayr Durtā see Durtā
Dayr al-Jamājim, a Nestorian monastery in central Iraq
7.9.4n
Dayr al-Khandaq, monastery north of Cairo
14.50; 14.51.4
Dayr Qunnā, a Nestorian monastery on the Tigris S. of Baghdad
10.21
Dayr al-Quṣayr, the Monastery of Saint Arsenius near the town of Ṭurā, south of Cairo
14.15
Dayr al-Sīq, monastery south of Jerusalem
15.43.2
Delos, Greek island
4.3.4.1
Dénia (Dāniyah), town in al-Andalus
13.7; 13.58.1; 13.60.2
Dezful, city in western Iran
8.1.1n
Dhāt al-Ajraʿ (the sandy tract), unidentified desert location
11.13.7.1(p)
Dhū Murār, unidentified place
7.5.4(p)
Dihistān
11.13.2.11
Dijlah see Tigris
Dimashq see Damascus
Dimyāṭ see Damietta
Diospolis, ancient city in Egypt
4.3.4.2
Divrigi see Dabarkī
Diyār Bakr (Diyarbakır), city in Eastern Anatolia
8.6n; 10.1n; 10.13.3n; 10.38.4; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.21; 14.50n; 14.54.3n; 15.17n; 15.18n; 15.22n; 15.46n
Diyār Muḍar, region in northern Mesopotamia
14.50n; 15.17n
Diyār Rabīʿah
10.38.4; 11.13.7.9(p)
Dorylaeum, ancient Greek city in Phrygia
6.1.3
Dunaysir, town (now ruins) south-west of the city of Mārdīn in modern-day Turkey
15.58
Dunbāwand (or Damāwand), a mountain in northern Persia
8.8.4
Durtā, place of a monastery in Iraq
10.51.6(p)
Ecbatana see Hamadan
Edessa see al-Ruhā
Egypt (Miṣr; al-Diyār al-Miṣriyyah) see also Old Cairo
1.3; 1.5; 1.7n; 1.10n; 2.1.3; 2.1.4; 4.3; 4.3.4.2; 4.5.2; 5.1.16.1; 5.1.37 no. 115; 8.5.3; 6.1.2; 7.4n; 7.5.6; 8.18.3; 8.21.4; 8.26.9; 10.1.7; 10.38.2; 10.38.3; 10.38.4; 11.13.7.9; 11.20; 12.6; 13.2.1; 13.2.2.1; 13.3.4 no. 20; 13.34.1; 13.51.1; 13.58.2.1; 13.58.2.1; 13.58.4.5; 13.58.5 no. 1; 13.59.4 no. 17; 13.60.2; 13.86.1; 14.1; 14.2; 14.3; 14.4.1; 14.4.4; 14.10; 14.11; 14.13; 14.14.1; 14.14.3; 14.14.7; 14.17; 14.14.8 no. 4; 14.15; 14.18; 14.21n; 14.22.1–2; 14.22.3.1; 14.22.5.2 no. 91; 14.23.1–2; 14.25.1; 14.25.3; 14.25.9 nos. 15, 61, 100; 14.26.1–2; 14.27.1, 2, 4 nos. 2, 4; 14.28; 14.29.1, 2, 4 nos. 1, 4; 14.31.3n, 4n, 5.6n; 14.32.2; 14.32.3; 14.32.4; 14.33.3n; 14.35n; 14.36.1, 2; 14.37; 14.39.1, 2; 14.40.2; 14.42.1; 14.43.2n; 14.43.3 no. 1; 14.44.2; 14.45n; 14.46; 14.47.1, 2; 14.48.2; 14.49.1, 2; 14.50; 14.51.1, 2n; 14.53; 14.54.2, 3; 14.54.4n; 14.54.9; 14.54.12n; 14.54.13; 14.55.1n; 14.55.3n; 14.56.1n; 14.56.3; 14.57.1, 2; 14.58.3; 15.1.1.2; 15.24; 15.25; 15.31.1; 15.31.2; 15.31.3; 15.31.4; 15.32; 15.33; 15.38; 15.40.1; 15.40.2; 15.40.9 nos. 57, 58, 59; 15.41; 15.45; 15.49; 15.50.3; 15.51.1; 15.54; 15.58; AI.3; AII.11; AII.16
Egyptian provinces (al-Diyār al-Miṣriyyah)
14.2; 14.14.3; 14.22.2
Elea (Velia), ancient Greek city on the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy
3.4n; 4.1.11.3n
Elephant Pond see Birkat al-Fīl
Elvira, Roman city in today’s province of Granada (Spain)
13.29.2n
Emesa, the modern Homs (Ḥimṣ) in Syria
4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.2
Ephesus
4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.2n; 4.3.4.1; 6.1.3 (Robber Council of); 8.29.22n
Epidaurus (Fīdārūs and Qindārūs), in the Peloponnese
1.6; 2.1.2n; 2.1.6.4n
Epirus, ancient Greek state in the western Balkans
14.25.9 no. 34n
Erbil (or Arbil or Irbil), city in northern Iraq, east of Mosul
15.24
Eresos, ancient Greek city on Lesbos
15.1.2
Erzerum, Erzurum (Arzan al-Rūm), city in Anatolia, modern-day Turkey
15.40.5; 15.40.6
Erzinjan (Arzanjān), city in Anatolia, modern-day Turkey
15.40.5; 15.40.6; 15.40.9 nos. 96, 160
Etruria – land of Etruscans, Tyrrhenia
1.1n
Euphrates (al-Furāt), one of the two great rivers of Mesopotamia
8.26.12n; 11.13.7.9(p)
Fārāb (or Farāb; modern Otrar or Utrar), town in Khorasan now southern Kazakhstan
15.1
Faramā (Greek Pelusium), strategic city on the eastern Delta
5.1.21.1; 14.4.1
Fardajān, also known as Barāhān, a fortress near Hamadān
11.13.3.7; 11.13.8 nos. 16, 17, 18
Farghāmus see Pergamum
Farghānā, region in eastern Transoxiana
8.20.5n
Fārs see Persia
Fās see Fez
Fasā, town in Fars Province of Persia
11.10
Fayd, a town in the Ḥijāz, at halfway point on the pilgrimage route between Iraq and Mecca
8.9
Fayyum (al-Fayyūm) – a large district in central Egypt that had a large Christian population
9.45
Feltmakers’ Market (al-Labbādīn), in Damascus
15.8.1; 15.10; 15.11.1
Fez (Fās), city in Morocco
13.59.3; 13.74; 14.39.2n; 15.41
Fīdārūs see Epidaurus
Filasṭīn see Palestine
Fīlmān, unidentified locality; possibly corruption of Fīlān (an eastern Caucasian region close to the western coasts of the Caspian)
15.20
Fīrūzkūh, a fortified city in the province of Ghūr in Central Afghanistan, capital of the senior branch of the Ghūrid sultans
11.19.3
al-Furāt see Euphrates
Fustat (al-Fusṭāṭ; Old Cairo, Miṣr al-ʿAtīqah; Miṣr al-Qadīmah), the first Muslim capital of Egypt
10.38.3; 10.38.4; 10.38.6 no. 6; 13.34.1; 14.2; 14.3; 14.4.1; 14.11; 14.12; 14.15n; 14.14.7; 14.25.3; 14.32.1; 14.32.3; 14.33.1n; 14.38.1; 14.39.2; 14, 40.1
Gate of Exile see Bāb al-Ghurbah
Gate of Victory see Bāb al-Fatḥ
Gaza (Ghazzah), town in Palestine
14.49.3n
Gerasa, the modern Jerash, Jordan
4.1.11.2; 4.6.1
Ghallah Lane (Darb al-Ghallah), in Baghdad
10.77.3
Gharnāṭah see Granada
Ghaznah, a town in eastern Afghanistan, now called Ghazni
11.15 no. 13
Ghazzah see Gaza
Ghūr, province of Central Afghanistan in medieval times
11.19.3n
al-Ghūṭah, the fertile land south and east of Damascus
15.54n
al-Ghuwayr, name of several locations in Arabia
13.63.8.1(p)
Giza (al-Jīzah), a town on the west bank of the Nile
14.25.3; 14.54.8
Gondēshāpūr (Jundaysābūr), ruins of ancient city to the southeast of Dizfūl in southwest Iran
7.1.1; 8.1.1; 8.1.2; 8.2; 8.16; 9.1n; 9.16n; 8.3.22; 8.4.2; 8.25.1; 8.25.2; 8.25.4; 8.25.8; 8.29.1; 8.29.2; 8.37; 9.16n; 9.26n; 9.39; 11.1; 12.2 no. 7n
Granada (Gharnāṭah), city in al-Andalus
13.6.1.2; 13.59.3; 13.70; 13.74; 13.75
the Great Hospital (al-Bīmāristān al-Kabīr) see Nūri Hospital
Greece (bilād al-Yūnāniyyīn, Yūnān)
4.2; 4.3.1; 4.3.6.2 (ʾ-l-ā-dh-ā, i.e. Hellas)
Green Sea (al-Baḥr al-Akhḍār) see Mediterranean
Gūn Gunbad, a gate and quarter in Isfahan
11.13.3.9; 11.13.4
Gurgān see Jurjān
Gurgānj (Kurkānj, al-Jurjāniyyah)
11.13.2.5; 11.13.2.11; 11.13.8 no. 31
Hadramaut (Ḥaḍramawt)
10.1.3
Hajar, in eastern Arabia
15.49.6.1(p)
Ḥakamān, a town near Basra, Iraq
8.19.3
Ḥalab see Aleppo
Ḥallāwiyyah Law College (al-Madrasah al-Ḥallāwiyyah), in Aleppo
15.18.1.3
Hama (Ḥamāh), city in Syria
15.22; 15.22 no. 6; 15.24; 15.46.3; 15.54; 15.55
Hamadan (Hamadhān, modern Hamadān, ancient Ecbatana), city in Persia
8.10.2; 10.75.1; 11.13.3.3, 11.13.3.4; 11.13.3.6; 11.13.3.8; 11.13.3.9; 11.13.3.11; 11.13.3.19; 11.13.4; 11.13.8 nos. 2, 7, 19, 75, 76, 88; 11.19.2; 15.17
Ḥammām al-Faʾr (the Bathhouse of the Mouse), in Fustat
14.15
al-Ḥanbaliyyah Law College (al-Madrasah al-Ḥanbaliyyah), in Damascus
15.35
al-Ḥaram (the Holy Precinct, in Mecca)
15.8.2(p)
al-Ḥarasiyyāt (or al-Ḥarashiyyāt? reading uncertain), estates in Iraq
10.10.3
Harāt see Herat
al-Ḥarbiyyah, a quarter by the Ḥarb gate in Baghdad
10.16
Harpūt see Kharpūt
Ḥarrān, an ancient town (Carrhae) of Upper Mesopotamia, in the modern Turkish province of Diyarbakır
1.5n; 2.1.4n; 4.1.11.2; 7.4; 8.29.6n; 9.35n; 10.3.1; 10.3.2.2; 10.3.10; 13.9; 15.1; 15.47.1
Harthamah’s Camp, a district in the eastern part of Baghdad
8.10.3
al-Ḥasakah, city and governorate in modern Syria
8.29.3n; 9.25n
Hatra (Haṭrā, Hāṭrā), a place near Samarra (not to be confused with ancient Hatra/al-Ḥaḍr near Mosul)
10.68.2.2n
Ḥawrān (Hauran or Houran), a volcanic plateau in southwestern Syria extending into the northwestern corner of modern-day Jordan
10.83.4; 15.27; 15.27n; 15.57.1
Ḥazzah, a settlement west of Irbil (Arbil), in Iraq
9.35n
Hejaz see al-Ḥijāz
Heliopolis see ʿAyn Shams and Baalbek
Heraclea, ancient city in what is now Turkey
4.3.4.1
Herat (Harāt), a city in modern-day Afghanistan
8.10.4; 11.19.2; 11.19.3; 11.19.5; 11.19.6.1; 11.23
al-Ḥijāz (Hijaz, Hejaz), a region in the western Arabian Peninsula, Najd to the east and Tihāmah to the west
7.5.2; 8.9; 11.13.7.9(p); 15.8.12(p)
al-Ḥillah, town in Iraq
10.64.19.13n
Ḥimṣ see Homs
Ḥimyar, ancient kingdom of south-west Arabia
15.11.2n
al-Hind see India
Ḥīnī (modern Hani), a town near the city of Diyarbakır in eastern Anatolia
10.75.2; 15.46.3
al-Ḥīrah, a town on the Euphrates, southwest of the modern Najaf, in Iraq
8.3.7; 8.3.16; 8.9; 8.29.2; 8.29.11n; 15.49.6.1n
Ḥiṣn al-Faraj (Victory Castle, Aznalfarache), in Seville
13.63.5
al-Ḥiyār (or Ḥiyār Banī l-Qaʿqāʿ), probably in northern Syria
8.13.2
the Holy Precinct see al-Ḥaram
Homs (Ḥimṣ), a city in Syria
4.1.1n; 10.68.2.7(p); 15.23.4.1; 15.31.1; 15.42; 15.56.1
Houran see Ḥawrān
the House of Ibn al-Zaʿfarānī see Dār Ibn al-Zaʿfarānī
al-Ḥuwayzah, place in Khuzistan
10.68.2.1n
Hymettus, a mountain in Attica
4.3
Ibiza (Yābisa)
13.36.2.3n
Īdhaj (also known as Māl-i Amīr), city in western Persia
11.13.3.18
Ifrīqiyah, area that comprises today’s Tunisia, Western Libya and Eastern Algeria
13.1.2; 13.2.1; 13.3.2.1; 13.3.2.2; 13.66.3; 13.85
al-Īghārān, two fiefs in western Persia
10.68.1.4
Īlāq, town near Nishapur
11.14n
Īliyāʾ see Jerusalem
Imros, Greek Aegean island
4.3.4.1
ʿIndān, unidentified village near Aleppo(?)
15.15
India (al-Hind)
1.1; 1.5; 2.1.3; 8.21.4; 11.2; 11.9.2.1(p); 12.1; 12.2; 12.3; 12.4; 12.5; 12.6; 13.6.1.1 no. 6; 13.6.2 no. 7
Indian Ocean, Ocean
14.25.9 no. 42n
Indus, river see Mihrān
Ionia (Yūnān), ancient Greek city and islands states of the eastern Aegean and its seaboard
2.1.1n
al-ʿIqāb see Navas de Tolosa
Iqrīṭīsh, Iqrīṭush see Crete
Iraq (al-ʿIrāq), the southern part of modern Iraq
1.5; 7.1.1n; 7.8.3; 7.9.1n; 8.5.2; 8.29.3; 9.32n; 9.44; 10 passim; 11.13.7.9(p); 12.2n; 12.5; 12.6; 13.86.1; 14.1; 14.26.2; 14.43.3 no. 1; AII.5
Irbil see Erbil
ʿĪsābādh, a palace and pleasure ground built by the caliph al-Mahdī on the eastern side of Baghdad
8.10.3
Isfahan (Iṣfahān), city in Persia/Iran, south of Tehran
8.10.4n; 8.20.11; 10.67.1; 11.13.3.9, 10, 11, 17, 18; 11.13.4; 11.13.8 nos. 12, 13, 21, 33, 53; 15.13
al-Iskandariyyah see Alexandria
Istanbul
8.29.22n; 9.19n; see also Constantinople
al-Ītākhīyyah see Dayr Banī l-Ṣaqr
Italy
4.3.4.1; 4.3.4.2; 4.3.4.3
al-Jabal see al-Jibāl
Jabal Tayyiʾ, an upland region in northern Arabia encompassing Mt. Ajaʾ and Mt. Salmā
8.10.4
Jaʿbar, a fortress in the mediaeval town of al-Raqqah in present day Syria
14.50; 14.51.2; 14.54.3; 15.32
Jaén (Jayyān), city in Andalusia
15.45.1n
Jaʿfarī Canal, a canal in Samarra
10.1.7
Jājarm, town in Khorasan
11.13.2.11
al-Janādil, the ‘cataracts’ of the River Nile
14.22.3.1
Jarkh Band, place in Armenia or Azerbaijan
10.79
Játiva (Shāṭibah), town in eastern al-Andalus
13.61.3.1n
Jayrūn, a gate in Damascus
15.8.1; 15.29n
al-Jāzir, unidentified location
11.13.7.9(p) (see also Khāzir)
al-Jazīrah, northern Mesopotamia
5.1.37 no. 115; 8.18.2; 10.38.4; 13.9
al-Jazīrah (Jazīrat Miṣr), the island of Rawḍah (Roda) in the River Nile near Cairo
14.31.6
Jazīrat al-ʿArab, the Arabian Peninsula
8.18.2n
Jazīrat ibn ʿUmar (later, Gazarta), modern-day Cizre in southeastern Turkey
15.36.1; 15.36.1.4
Jazīrat al-Shuqar see Alzira
Jerusalem (al-Quds, Bayt al-Muqaddas, Bayt al-Maqdīs, Īliyāʾ)
5.1.8.2; 5.1.21.2; 8.5.3; 10.75.1; 14.10; 14.14.1–3; 14.14.6; 14.49.1; 14.49.2–4; 14.56.1; 15.11.2.1(p); 15.11.3 no. 7; 15.23.2.1; 15.31.4; 15.31.6 no. 11n; 15.40.3; 15.40.5; 15.40.9 no. 59; 15.43.2; 15.45.1; 15.45.2; 15.51.1
al-Jibāl (‘the Mountains’, i.e. the Zagros Mountains; also al-Jabal), region in western Persia, ancient Media
8.20.11n; 9.26.n; 11.5.22; 11.6n; 11.13.3.1
Jīlān (or al-Jīlān), a region in Tabaristan, near the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea
8.5.2n; 8.20.11n; 15.20
Jilliq see Damascus
al-Jīzah see Giza
Jordan, river
5.1.8.1
Jordan, country
14.50n
Jundaysābūr see Gondēshāpūr
Jurjān (Gurgān)
11.13.2.11; 11.13.3.1; 11.13.3.15; 11.13.8 nos. 9, 10, 22
al-Jurjāniyyah see Gurgānj
Jūrqab, a district near Shīrāz in Persia/modern Iran
8.5.2
al-Kaʿbah, the Kaaba, Bayt Allāh (‘God’s House’)
1.11n; 10.62.3(p); 10.67.4.1n; 15.46.2(p)
Kairouan (al-Qayrawān), a holy city in modern Tunisia
1.7n; 13.1.2; 13.2.1; 13.3.1; 13.3.2.1; 13.3.2.3; 13.25; 13.60.2
Kamākh (or Kemah), a fortress near the city of Erzerum, modern-day Turkey
15.40.6
Kanaan (Kanʿān)
11.13.7.9(p)
Kanīsat Mār Thawādrus see Church of Saint Theodore
Karaj (al-Karaj, Karaj Abī Dulaf), a city in the Jibāl province of Persia
10.68.1.4n; 11.13.3.18. See also al-Īghārān
Karak (al-Karak), a fortress situated to the east of the Dead Sea
1.11; 14.50; 14.51.2; 14.52; 14.53; 15.21; 15.23.2.2; 15.42; 15.44; 15.45; 15.51.3; 15.60.1
Karkh (al-Karkh), a district of Baghdad
9.11; 9.42; 10.76.2
Karkh Guddan, ancient city near the modern Iraq-Iran border
9.42n
Kārūn (or Dujayl, the ‘small Tigris’), river in Khuzestan
14.22.4.3n
Kashkar (or Kaskar), an ancient town on the west bank of the Tigris, opposite Wāsiṭ
8.8.6n; 8.10.1; 8.13.3n
Kath see Bīrūn
Khabūshān, town near Nishapur
14.36.2n
al-Khandaq (lit. ‘the moat’, ‘the trench’), a village near New Cairo (al-Qāhirah)
14.22.3.1
Khānqāh al-Sumaysāṭī, in Damascus
14.36.2
al-Kharibah (lit. ‘the site of ruins’), an unidentified Egyptian locality
14.54.3
Kharmaythan, a district of Bukhara
11.13.2.1
Kharpūt (or Harpūt, Kharberd, Kharpert; Arabic Khartabirt), a town north of the city of Diyarbakir, the modern the town of Elāzij in eastern Turkey
15.18 no. 2; 15.18n
al-Khaṭṭ, place in eastern Arabia famous for its lances
10.68.2.2(p); 13.58.4.4(p); 15.8.5(p)
Khātūn Mosque (Masjid Khātūn), in Damascus
15.33
al-Khawarnaq, legendary Sasanian palace in southern Iraq
15.54(p)
Khaybar, oasis c. 95 miles north of Medina
10.68.2.1(p); 10.69.3.12(p)
al-Khayf, name of several places in the Hijaz, including one at Minā near Mecca
7.1.6n; 10.81.5(p)
Khāzir or Khāzar, river between Irbil and Mosul
11.13.7.9(n)
Khilāṭ (modern Ahlat), a town on the west bank of Lake Van in Asia Minor
10.81.2; 11.13.7.9(p); 15.46.3
Khiva see Khwārazm
Khorasan, the eastern part of Persia, including parts of what are today Central Asia and Afghanistan
7.7.2n; 8.3.7; 8.3.17; 8.10.2n; 8.10.4n; 8.11n; 8.18.2; 8.19.3n; 8.20.11n; 8.27.4n; 8.29.2n; 9.7n; 9.40n; 10.4.2; 10.9.1; 11.5.9; 11.5.12; 11.5.14; 11.5.25 nos. 35n, 90; 11.12; 11.13.2.11; 11.13.3.13; 11.13.7.9(p); 15.1.1; 15.29; 15.40.2
Khujanda, city in Transoxiana
8.11n
Khūnaj, town near Zanjān in Azerbaijan
14.48.n
Khurasan, Khurāsān see Khorasan
Khusrawshāh (modern Khosrow Shahr), a small settlement west of Tabrīz in Persia
15.21
Khuwayy, a town in Azerbaijan
15.19
Khuzestan (Khūzistān), a province in the southwest of Iran, between the Zagros mountains and the Persian Gulf
8.3.10n; 8.20.11n; 8.26.9; 9.26; 9.37; 10.68.2.1n; 14.22.4.3n; 14.22.5.1 no. 8n
Khwārazm (Khuwārizm, Khwārizm, Khorezm, Chorasmia), a city in the Xorazm province of present-day Uzbekistan; modern name Khiva
11.13.3.14; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.15; 11.19.6.1
Kirmān, a province of Persia, lying south of Khorasan
8.5.2; 8.20.5n; 10.38.4; 10.64.17.2(p)
Kirmānshāh (Qarmīsīn)
11.13.3.4
Knidos (or Cnidos) – island/peninsula in Mediterranean
1.1; 4.1.1; 3.1.n
Kos (or Cos)– Greek island state of the Dodecanese
1.1; 1.6; 2.1.5; 3.5n; 3.6n; 4.1.1; 4.1.2; 4.1.10.1n
Kufa (al-Kūfah), town in Iraq, near present-day Najaf
8.3.7n; 8.3.14n; 8.8.3n; 8.10.4n; 8.18.1; 8.18.2; 8.20.6n; 8.26.13; 8.29.2; 10.1.2
al-Kūlam, a town in India, now the port of Quilon in Kerala
14.47.1
Kurkānj see Gurgānj
Kūthā, place of a monastery near Baghdad
10.51.6n
al-Labbādīn see Feltmakers’ Market
al-Lādhiqiyyah see Latakiyah
Laʿlaʿ, a place of uncertain location
15.51.10.2(p)
Laribus or Lorbeus (al-Arīs), city in Libya
13.2.2.1
Latakiyah (al-Lādhiqiyyah), the principal port of in Syria
15.15; 15.18n
Lemnos, Aegean island
4.3.4.1; 5.1.21.1n
Libn, a place said to be in China (error for Yemen?)
8.3.16n
Libya
4.3.2
al-Liwā, desert location in Arabia
15.43.3(p)
Locris, region in ancient Greece
4.3.4.3; 4.5.2n
Lower Mesopotamia, southern Iraq
1.1n
Lucena (al-Yussānah), city in today’s province of Cordoba (Spain)
13.66.3
al-Maʿarrah (or Maʿarrat al-Nuʿmān), a city in northwestern Syria
15.12; 15.55
Macedon (Macedonia), ancient kingdom on the periphery of Greece
4.1.10.2n; 4.6.2.1
al-Madāʾīn, an ancient town (Ctesiphon) 20 miles southwest of Baghdad
7.1.2n; 8.3.20; 8.20.6n; 8.26.8; 10.80
al-Madīnah see Medina
Madīnat al-Salām see Baghdad
Madīnat al-Zahrāʾ caliphal city on the outskirts of Cordova
13.19.1; 13.19.2.1
al-Madrasah al-ʿĀdiliyyah see al-ʿĀdiliyyah Law College
al-Madrasah al-Amīniyyah see al-Amīniyyah Law College
al-Madrasah al-ʿAzīziyyah see al-ʿAzīziyyah Law College
al-Madrasah al-Dakhwāriyyah see al-Dakhwāriyyah College
al-Madrasah al-Ḥallāwiyyah see al-Ḥallāwiyyah Law College
al-Madrasah al-Ḥanbaliyyah see al-Ḥanbaliyyah Law College
al-Madrasah al-Niẓāmiyyah see al-Niẓāmiyyah Law College
al-Madrasah al-Qilījiyyah see al-Qilījiyyah Law College
Madrasat Ibn Muhājir (Law College of Ibn Muhājir), in Mosul
15.40.3
Madrid (Majrīṭ)
13.5n
Maghārat Aqfah (the Cave of Aqfah), village and cave between the villages of Baalbek and Byblos, northeast of modern-day Beirut
15.20
Maghrib (al-Maghrib, ‘the West’), North Africa excluding Egypt
10.38.4; 11.20; 11.21; 13.1.2, 13.2.2.1; 13.61.4 no. 9; 14.14.3; 14.27.1; 14.39.2; 14.58.1; 15.41; 15.50.6; 15.53
Magnesia, ancient Greek city
4.3.4.1
al-Maḥallah, a provincial town in Egypt, probably al-Maḥallah al-Kubrā
14.42.1
al-Maḥallah al-Kubrā, town in the Delta, Egypt
14.42.2n
Mahdia (al-Mahdiyyah), city in the coast of Tunisia
13.58.4.1; 13.58.4.2; 13.64.2.1
Makkah see Mecca
Makrān (or Mukrān), the coastal region of southern Baluchistan that today is the political boundary between Pakistan and Iran
14.25.9 no. 42
Málaga (Mālaqah), city in al-Andalus
14.25.4
Malatya (Malaṭyah), a city in the eastern Anatolia region of Turkey
15.40.6
Malāzkird (or Mantzikert; modern Malazgirt), a town a little north of Khilāṭ in Asia Minor
15.46.3
Manbij, city northeast of Aleppo
14.49.2n
al-Manṣūr, name of the camp of Saladin on the outskirts of Acre
15.11.2
Manṣūrī Hospital (Bīmāristān al-Manṣūrī), established in Cairo in 683/1285
AI.2; AI.3
Mantzikert see Malāzgird
Maqābir al-shuyūkh (‘Cemetery of the Venerable Men’), in Marrakesh
13.63.3
Maʿqil Canal (Nahr Maʿqil), in Basra
15.8.8(p)
Mar Saba, monastery in Palestine
9.23n
Maragheh (Marāghah), a city on the river Sufi Chay in the Azerbaijan province of Iran, famous for an early observatory
11.19.1; 11.21; 15.60.1n
Marand, a city in the modern-day east Azerbaijan Province, Iran
11.19.2
al-Marāwizah, a quarter in Baghdad contiguous with al-Ḥarbiyyah where the people of Marv used to dwell
10.20n
Mardē see Māridīn
Māridīn (Mārdīn), city of northern Mesopotamia
5.1.16.1n; 15.17n; 15.58; 10.75.1; 10.75.2; 10.81.2; 15.58.5
al-Mariyyah see Almería
Marj al-Ṣuffar, a large plain south of Damascus, Syria
15.40.4; 15.50.3
Marrakesh (Marrākush), city in Morocco
13.61.4 no. 9; 13.63.3; 13.64.2.1; 13.66.3n; 13.66.5; 13.68.3; 13.70; 13.71; 13.72; 13.73; 13.78; 13.87
Marw see Merv
Mary see Merv
Mashhad, a city in Iran
8.10.4n; 8.29.2n
al-Maṣīr, a district within the city of Samarra
8.20.5
Maṣīṣ (perhaps Mases in the Argolid)
4.1.11.2
Masjid see Mosque
Maṣṣīṣā see Mopsuestina
Mā warāʾ al-Nahr see Transoxiana
al-Mawṣil see Mosul
al-Maydān Gate (Bāb al-Maydān), in Mosul
10.81.4
Mayyāfāriqīn (Martyropolis; modern Silvan), settlement east of the city of Diyarbakir in eastern Anatolia (now in Turkey)
8.5.4; 8.5.5; 8.6; 10.13.3; 10.41; 10.54.1; 10.54.2; 15.17n; 15.18.1.4; 15.19; 15.46.3; 15.46.3.9(p); 15.46.4 no. 3
Mazdākhān or al-Mazdaqān, a village near al-Rayy
11.19.6.1
Mecca (Makkah)
7.1.1; 7.1.6n; 7.2.1; 7.2.3n; 7.5.3; 7.5.4; 7.6; 8.3.8; 8.4.11n; 8.8.3n; 8.9; 10.62.3(p); 10.64.19.8n; 15.24; 15.40.4; 15.51.5; 15.51n
Media see al-Jibāl
Medina (al-Madīnah)
7.2.1n; 7.2.3n; 7.4n; 7.5.3n; 7.5.5n; 8.4.11n; 8.18.1n; 8.18.2n; 11.16 no. 1.38; 15.46n
Medina Sidonia see Sidonia
Mediterranean Sea
5.1. 21.1 (‘Green Sea’); 8.21.4 (‘Roman Sea’); 8.21.4; 13.3.2.1; 13.4n; 14.3n
Memphis, city in ancient Egypt
2.1.3; 4.3.4.2
Mendes, ancient city in the Nile delta
4.5.1n; 4.5.4n
Merv (or Merw, Marw), a medieval city in present-day Turkmenistan, now called Mary
8.10.4; 10.20n; 15.1.2; 15.1.3; 15.13n
Mesopotamia
1.5n; see also al-Jazīrah
Metapontum, ancient Greek city in southern Italy
4.3.4.3
Methone, ancient city in Thrace
4.6.2.1
Mihrān, the River Indus
8.21.2n; 8.21.3; 8.21.4
Miletus, ancient Greek city on the western coast of Asia Minor
4.3.4.1
Minā, a place near Mecca
7.1.6n
Miṣr see Egypt and Cairo
Miṣr al-ʿAtīqah, Miṣr al-Qadīmah see Fustat
Monastery see Dayr
Monastir (al-Munastīr), city on the coast of Tunisia
13.3.2.1; 13.58.4.1
Mopsuestia (Maṣṣīṣā), city of Cilicia in southern Anatolia
4.1.11.2
Mosque of al-Ḥājib Luʾluʾ (Masjid al-Ḥājib Luʾluʾ), in Cairo
15.40.3
Mosque of al-Khabūshānī (Masjid al-Khabūshānī), in Damascus
14.36.2
Mosul (al-Mawṣil), a city in northern Iraq on the west bank of the Tigris near ancient Nineveh
1.11n; 8.5.4; 9.35; 10.38.4; 10.46.2; 10.47; 10.49; 10.63.2; 10.68.1.4; 10.69.4 no. 5n; 10.81.1; 10.81.2; 10.81.4; 10.81.6; 10.82; 10.83.1; 10.83.2; 10.83.3; 10.83.4; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.21; 14.26.3 no. 2n; 15.4; 15.5; 15.24; 15.40.1; 15.40.3
Mount Ajaʾ, a mountain in the Jabal Ṭayyiʾ region
8.10.4n
Mount Ḥaḍan, in Arabia
7.5.6(p)
Mount Lebanon, a mountain range in Lebanon
15.45.4
Mount Qāsiyūn, a mountain overlooking Damascus
15.13; 15.21; 15.34; 15.36.1.4; 15.37; 15.50.6; 15.51.4; 15.57.2
Mount Salmā, a mountain in the Jabal Ṭayyiʾ region
8.10.4n
Mount Sinai (Ṭūr Sīnāʾ), 1.1
Mufaḍḍal Lane (Darb al-Mufaḍḍal), location in East Baghdad
10.5.2
al-Muḥammadiyyah see Dayr Banī l-Ṣaqr
Mukrān see Makrān
al-Munastīr see Monastir
al-Munaybiʿ, a locality just west of Damascus in Syria
15.33
Mūrāṭīr see Murviedro
Murcia (Mursiyah), a city in south-east al-Andalus
13.42; 13.53; 13.62.2.2; 13.81.2n; 13.83; 15.8.1n
Murviedro (Mūrāṭīr), city in Spain known today as Sagunto
13.68.1
al-Mushaqqar, a settlement and port on the eastern coast of Arabia, exact location unknown
10.1.3
Mutān, a village near Ṣarkhad in Syria
10.83.4
Muṭbaq, name of a prison in the southern part of Baghdad
8.29.16
Mysia, a region in the northwest part of ancient Anatolia
1.1
Nablus (Nābulus), a city approximately 49 km N. of Jerusalem
15.51.5
Nadrūmah see Nedroma
Najaf, town in south central Iraq
8.9
Najd, central Arabian plateau
14.47.1(p); 15.51.10.2(p)
Naḥlah (Nahle), village near Baalbek
15.37.4(p)
Nahr Bānyās see Bānyās canal
Nahr ʿĪsā, canal in Baghdad
10.4.4.2n
Nahr al-Kalbah, one of the canals of Baghdad
8.11
Nahr al-Mahdī, one of the canals of Baghdad
8.10.3
Nahr al-Malik, canal and district in Baghdad
10.4.4.2
Nahr Maʿqil see Maʿqil Canal
Nahr Ṣarṣar, one of the four main canals around Baghdad
8.2
al-Nahrawān, a town and system of canals on the lower Tigris River
8.27.4
Najaf, city in Iraq
8.29.1n
Naples
4.1.10.2n
Nasā, a town in Khorasan
11.13.2.11 (see also Nisā)
Naṣībīn (modern Nusaybin; ancient Nisibis or Nasibis), in south-eastern Analtolia, on the Syrian border
4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.3n; 5.1.7; 5.1.16.1n; 8.1.2; 15.36.1
Nāṣirī Hospital (al-Bīmāristān al-Nāṣirī), in Cairo
14.32.1n; 14.39.2n; 14.40.1n; 14.43.1; 14.47.2
Navas de Tolosa (al-ʿIqāb), city in today’s province of Jaén
13.71
Naysābūr see Nishapur
Nedroma (Nadrūmah), town near to the city of Tlemcen (Morocco)
13.81.1
Nighyā, settlement near al-Anbār
5.1.16.1
al-Nīl, town near al-Ḥillah in Iraq
10.56n
Nile, river (Baḥr al-Nīl)
8.21.4; 10.38.4; 13.58.4.5(p); 14.15n; 14.22.3.1; 14.25.3.1; 14.31.6n; 14.54.6n; 14.54.8n; 15.40.3
Nilometer (al-Miqyās)
14.31.6n
Nineveh (Nīnawah), Iraq
2.1.4n; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.18n
Nisā or Nasā, a village near Nishapur
8.10.4
Nishapur (Naysābūr, Nīsābūr; modern Nishapur), a city of north-eastern Khorasan province of Iran
7.7.2n; 7.9.2n; 11.5.12; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.19; 11.20; 14.36.2n
Nisibis see Naṣībīn
al-Niẓāmiyyah Law College (al-Madrasah al-Niẓāmiyyah), in Baghdad
10.64.2; 10.81.4; 14.22.5.1n; 15.40.2
North Africa (excluding Egypt) see Maghrib
al-Nūbah, Nubia
8.21.4
Nūrī Hospital, ‘the Great Hospital’ (al-Bīmāristān al-Nūrī, al-Bīmāristān al-Kabīr) founded by Nūr al-Dīn in Damascus in 543/1154
15.9; 15.13; 15.23.4.2; 15.24; 15.30; 15.33; 15.34; 15.35; 15.36.1; 15.37.1; 15.38; 15.39; 15.42; 15.46.3; 15.50.1; 15.50.3; 15.50.5; 15.51.3; 15.51.6; 15.52.1; 15.53; 15.57.1; AI.2n
Old Cairo (Miṣr al-Qadīmah) see Fustat; see also Qaṣr al-Shamaʿ
Olynthus, ancient Greek city in Chalcidice
4.6.2.1
Osuna (Ushūnah), city in the province of Seville (Spain)
13.33n
Otrar see Fārāb
Oxus river
10.68.2.1n
Palermo, city in Sicily
4.6.3.3
Palestine (Filasṭīn)
5.1.37 no. 115; 8.20.10; 8.20.11; 12.6
Palmyra (Tadmur), ancient city of Syria
15.49.6.1n
Pechina (Bajjānah), city in today’s province of Almería (Spain)
13.71
Peloponnese, peninsula and region in southern Greece
2.1.1n
Pelusium, ancient city on the eastern fringe of the Nile delta
4.1.10.5n; see also al-Faramā
Perfume Market (Sūq al-ʿIṭr), in Baghdad
10.64,7
Pergamum (Pergamon, Farghāmus; modern Bergama), a Greek city in the Aeolis region of western Asia Minor
1.6; 5.1.15; 5.1.18.1; 5.1.25; 5.1.26; 5.1.37 no. 36n
Persia (Fārs [specifically for southern Iran] or Bilād al-ʿAjam, a vague term for an area rather larger than modern Iran)
1.1; 1.5; 2.1.3; 4.1.5; 4.1.9.2; 7.1.1; 7.5.6n; 8.3.4; 8.5.2; 8.20.6; 8.20.11n; 8.29.9; 10.37.3; 10.38.4; 10.64.1; 11.5.14; 11.10; 11.16; 11.17; 11.19.3; 11.19.5; 11.20; 11.21; 14.22.4.3n??; 14.32.4n; 15.30; 15.40
Petra, ancient city in southern Jordan
1.5n; 4.1.11.3n
Pharos, Raʾs al-Tīn quarter of Alexandria
6.1.3
Phrygia (Afrūjiyā) – an ancient and in part mythical kingdom in the west-central part of Asia Minor
1.1
Pontus, ancient region on the southern coast of the Black Sea
4.1.10.2n; 8.20.11n
Port-Vendres (Haykal al-Zuharah), coastal town in the Eastern Pyrenees
13.4n
Portico Gate see Bāb al-Azaj
Praesus, an ancient coastal town in eastern Crete
1.8n
Pytho, old name for Delphi
4.3.4.3
al-Qābūn, a stop on road from Damascus to Iraq, today a part of greater Damascus
15.18.1.2
al-Qādisiyyah, a town on the east bank of the Tigris, southeast of Samarra
8.3.7n; 8.20.6; 8.29.2
al-Qāhirah see Cairo
al-Qalāʾīn, a place on the western side of Baghdad
8.25.7
Qalʿat Barqā see Castle of Barqā
Qalʿat Jaʿbar see Jaʿbar
Qamrā (Qamrāʾ, Qamrāw), a village near Ṣarkhad in Syria
10.83.4
Qanādir, town in Iṣfahān
8.10.4n
Qānariz, town near Nishapur
8.10.4n
Qanjayrah see Canjáyar
al-Qarāfah Cemetery, in Cairo
14.48.2
al-Qarash, a village in Syria
AI.1
Qarduwān, unidentified place
10.5.4
Qarmīsīn see Kirmānshāh
Qarmūniyah see Carmona
Qāsiyūn see Mount Qāsiyūn
Qaṣr Faraj, a quarter in the eastern side of Baghdad
8.5.2
Qaṣr Ibn Hubayrah, a town in Iraq, midway between Baghdad and Kufa
8.10.4
Qaṣr al-Shamaʿ (or al-Shamʿ), the Arabic name for the Graeco-Coptic township of Babylon (Bābilyūn), on the east bank of the Nile
14.10n; 14.15; 14.25.3
Qaṭīʿat al-Raqīq (or al-Daqīq), a fiefdom in Baghdad; see also Bīʿat Mār Tūmā
10.22.3
al-Qāṭūl (‘canal’), a district of Samarra
8.20.5; 8.20.6
Qaṭwān Steppe
11.14n
al-Qayrawān see Kairouan
Qaysāriyyah or Qaysariyyah see Caesarea
Qazwīn, a town and district northwest of Tehran and south of Gīlān, in northern Persia
8.20.11; 11.13.3.3
al-Qilījiyyah Law College, al-Madrasah al-Qilījiyyah, in Damascus
15.52.1
Qubādir Zubayrūn, of uncertain identity, possibly Qanādir in Iṣfahān or Qānariz near Nīshapur
8.10.4
al-Quds see Jerusalem
Qūliyāthā, an estate near Wāsiṭ
10.62.3(p)
Qurrah, village near Smyrna
5.1.16.2
Qurṭubah see Cordova
Qūṣ, town in Upper Egypt not far from modern Luxor
13.59.3
Qusṭanṭīnah (Constantine), city in present-day Algeria
13.58.4.3(p)
al-Qusṭanṭīniyyah see Constantinople
Quṭrabbul, a village not far from Baghdad
8.1.1; 8.27.4
al-Rabadhah, a way station on the main pilgrimage route between Kufa and Mecca
8.8.3
Raḍwā, Mt., a mountain in Arabia
7.5.6(p)
al-Raḥbah (or Raḥbat Mālik ibn Ṭawq or Raḥbat al-Shām), a town on the right bank of the Euphrates; modern al-Mayādīn in eastern Syria
10.53; 10.69.3.7; 15.36.1
al-Rāhib, a place on the road between Samarra and Damascus
7.8.3
al-Ramlah, a town on the coastal plain west-northwest of Jerusalem
14.14.3
Raqqa (al-Raqqah), a city on the north bank of the Euphrates, about 160 kilometres east of Aleppo, Syria
7.5.3n; 8.3.13; 8.8.6; 10.8.11; 10.17.n; 14.50n; 15.2; 15.32n; 15.52.1; 15.52.2 no. 1
Raqqādah, palace city of the Aghlabids southwest of Kairaouan
13.2.2.2
Raʾs al-ʿAyn see Rēsh ʿAynā
al-Rawḍah see al-Jazīrah (Jazīrat Miṣr)
Rayy (or al-Rayy), a town near the modern city of Tehran
1.10n; 6.4n; 7.7.2n; 8.5.2; 8.5.3; 8.5.4; 8.10.2; 8.10.3; 11.5.1; 11.5.7; 11.5.9; 11.5.11; 11.5.12; 11.5.14n.; 11.5.22; 11.6; 11.9.2.4(p); 11.13.3.3; 11.13.7.9(p); 11.13.8 no. 11; 11.19.1; 11.19.4; 11.19.5; 11.19.6.1; 11.20; 15.19; 15.21; 15.21 no. 3; 15.31 no. 5; 15.40.9 no. 19; 15.59 no. 1
Rēsh ʿAynā (Raʾs al-ʿAyn), an ancient city on the modern Syria-Turkey border, today forming a single divided city with Ceylanpınar in Turkey
5.1.8.2n; 5.1.16.1; 8.29.3; 8.29.8n; 9.24
Rhodes, the largest island in the Dodecanese island chain off the Anatolian coast of Turkey
1.1; 4.1.1; 4.1.11.3n; 4.6.13.2n; 15.1
Ribāṭ al-Fatḥ, district in north-west Morocco
13.64.2.1
Roda see al-Jazīrah (Jazīrat Miṣr)
Roman Sea see Mediterranean
Rome (Rūmiyah)
1.8n; 1.10n; 2.1.2; 4.1.9.2; 4.1.10.4n; 4.1.11.2n; 4.3.4.2n; 4.4.2.3; 4.6.13.2n; 5.1.9; 5.1.10.1; 5.1.11; 5.1.17; 5.1.19; 5.1.21.1; 5.1.21.2; 5.1.25; 5.1.26; 5.1.37 no. 37; 15.1.2; 15.11.2.1(p)
al-Ruhā or al-Ruhāʾ (Edessa, modern Urfa), ancient city now in northern Mesopotamia
9.7n; 9.25; 9.33; 10.57n; 11.13.7.9(p); 14.50; 14.51.2; 14.54.3; 15.11.2
Rūmiyah see Rome
Sabta see Ceuta
Sābūr Khwāst, a town between Khuzestan and Isfahan
11.13.3.10; 11.13.8 no. 14
al-Ṣafrāʾ, a place 17 miles from Badr in the Ḥijāz
7.2.3; 7.2.4
Saint Acisclo Church, church in Cordova
13.14
Salé (Salā), coastal city in north-western Morocco
13.64.2.1
Ṣalkhad see Ṣarkhad
Ṣamʿ, unidentified village near Aleppo
15.15
Samanqān, town in Khorasan
11.13.2.11
Samarkand (or Samarqand), a city in modern-day Uzbekistan
8.11n; 11.19.5; 11.22; 11.23
Samarra (Sāmarrāʾ, Surra Man Raʾā), a town on the east bank of the middle Tigris in Iraq, north of Baghdad
7.8.3; 8.2.3; 8.4.3n; 8.4.7; 8.12.2; 8.20.4n; 8.20.5; 8.20.7n; 8.25.7n; 8.26.18; 10.1.7n; 10.44.5 no. 5n; 11.3; see also al-Sāmir
al-Samāwah, the steppe and desert lands between southern Iraq and Syria
10.64.18
al-Sāmir, possibly = Samarra
11.13.7.9(p)
Samos, an island off the western coast of Anatolia
2.1.1n; 4.1.11.3n; 4.3.4.1; 4.3.4.3
Samosata (Sumaysāṭ), an ancient city in south-east Anatolia on the upper Euphrates
15.28
Sanaa (Ṣanʿāʾ), in Yemen
15.18.2(p)
Şanlıurfa (or Urfa) see al-Ruhā
Saqṭīthā, a hamlet near Baghdad
8.11
Saragossa (Saraqusṭah, Zaragoza), city and petty kingdom in al-Andalus
13.9; 13.29.1; 13.46; 13.50; 13.63.8.2
al-Ṣarāh, canal in Baghdad
10.81.5(p)
Sarakhs, town in Khorasan
10.2.1n; 11.19.7n
Saraqusṭāh see Saragossa
Ṣarkhad (or Ṣalkhad), a stronghold in southern Syria near the border of present-day Jordan
b10.83; 15.23.3; 15.37.4; 15.46.3; 15.49.6; 15.60.1
Ṣarṣar, a town near Baghdad
8.2
al-Sawād, the fertile alluvial plains of southern Iraq
8.3.22; 8.4.5; 8.10.1; 8.10.4; 14.34.2n
Sāwah, town in northern Persia
10.64.19.19
Saydnāyā (Sednaya), a city in the mountains north Damascus
15.3.1
Scyros, Greek island
4.3.4.1
Seville (Ishbīliyah, Sevilla), city in al-Andalus
13.10; 13.60.1; 13.60.2; 13.61.3.1; 13.61.3.2; 13.62.2.2; 13.62.2.3; 13.62.3; 13.62.4 no. 7; 13.63.2; 13.63.5; 13.63.8.1; 13.63.8.2; 13.64.2.1; 13.64.2.2; 13.65; 13.66.3; 13.73; 13.75; 13.76; 13.77; 13.78n; 13.80.1; 13.81.1; 13.81.2; 13.86.1; 13.86.2; 13.87; 13.88.1; 15.45.1n
Shadūnah see Sidonia
Shahrazūr, district in western Kurdistan
11.13.7.9(p)
al-Shām see Damascus and Syria
Shammāsiyyah Gate quarter, a neighbourhood on the eastern side of Baghdad
8.25.7
Shaqqā (or Shaqqah), a village in the Ḥawrān, Syria
15.27
al-Sharā, a region proverbial for lions, said to be in Yemen
10.64.17.2(p); 15.8.5(p)
Shāsh, Tashkent, in modern Uzbekistan
8.1.4
Shāṭibah see Játiva
al-Shawbak see Shoubak
Shiraz (Shīrāz), ancient city in the Fārs region of southwestern modern Iran
8.5.2; 11.5.6; 11.13.3.15; 14.22.4.3n
Shirimsāḥ (or Shirmasāḥ), a town near Damietta in Lower Egypt
14.49.2
Shoubak (al-Shawbak), a fortress town in the Transjordan
5.1.32
Shushtar see Tustar
Sicily (Ṣiqilliyah or Ṣiqilliyyah)
4.3.4.2; 4.3.6.2 no. 17; 4.5.2; 4.6.2.1; 5.1.21.2
Sidonia (Shadūnah), city in today’s province of Cádiz (Spain)
13.22; 13.27.1
Ṣiffīn, a place near the modern al-Raqqah, in Syria
7.5.3; 7.10n
Siʿird (or Siʿirt, Isʿird; modern Siirt), a town in south-eastern Anatolia
1.3.1
Sijistān (Sīstān), province in eastern Iran
2.1.1n; 15.1.3.1n
Silvan see Mayyāfāriqīn
Sinai see Mount Sinai
Sind (al-Sind or Sindh), a region along the lower Indus River
8.21.2; 8.21.3; 11.15
Sinjar (or Sinjār), a town in Iraq near Mount Sinjar
11.18n
al-Sīq, the ‘Great Lavra’ of the Dayr Mār Sābā monastery near Jerusalem
15.43.2
Sīstān see Sijistān
Smyrna, ancient Greek city of Asia Minor
4.1.11.3n; 4.5.1n; 4.5.4n; 5.1.16.2; 5.1.25; 5.1.37 no. 36
Stagira, ancient Greek city
4.6.2.1; 4.6.2.2; 4.6.2.3; 4.6.3.2; 4.6.6.2
Sumaysāṭ see Samosata
Sūq al-ʿIṭr see Perfume Market
Sūq al-Qamḥ see Wheat Market
Sūq al-Qanādīl (Candlestick Market), a quarter in Fustat
14.32.3
Sūq al-Thalāthāʾ see Tuesday Market
Sūq Yaḥyā (Yaḥyā’s Market), a district on the eastern side of Baghdad
8.8.2; 10.4.6
Ṣūr see Tyre
Sūrā, town in southern Iraq
10.4.4.2
Surra Man Raʾā see Samarra
al-Sūs (ancient Susa; modern Shūsh), a town in the southwestern province of Khuzestan
8.3.22
Susia see Ṭūs
al-Suwaydāʾ, a town in the Ḥawrān in southern Syria
15.57.1
Syria (al-Shām, i.e. Greater Syria, normally also including modern Syria, Jordan, Palestine/Israel, and Lebanon)
1.5; 2.1.4; 4.1.1n; 4.2; 4.3; 5.1.37 no. 115; 7.2.3n; 7.5.2; 8.3.14n; 8.3.18n; 8.18.2; 8.20.6n; 10.38.4; 10.64.13; 10.83.4; 13.4n; 13.58.4.4; 13.86.1; 14.3n; 14.4.1; 14.4.4; 14.25.9 no. 39; 14.31.5, 6; 14.32.3n; 14.43.3 no. 1; 14.46; 14.49.2n; 14.50n; 14.51.1n; 14.54.3n; 14.54.4n; 15.1.5 no. 32; 15.4; 15.11.1; 15.17(p); 15.18.1; 15.19; 15.21; 15.23.2.1; 15.25; 15.29; 15.30; 15.31.1; 15.32; 15.36.1; 15.38; 15.40.2; 15.40.5; 15.41; 15.49.4; 15.50.3; 15.51.2; 15.34.13; 15.57.1; 15.58
Syracuse, Greek city in Sicily
4.3.4.2n
Syrus, Greek island of the Cyclades
4.3.4.1
Ṭabarān (gates of Isfahan)
11.13.3.9
Tabaristan (Ṭabaristān), region of northern Persia on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea
10.5.4; 10.67.3; 11.3; 11.4; 11.5.14; 11.6
Tabrīz, a city in the northern region of Persia, in the Quru River valley
15.21
Tādlā, in Morocco
13.66.3n
Tadmur see Palmyra
al-Ṭāʾif, town in Arabia, approx. 65 km east of Mecca
7.1.1
Takrīt (or Tikrīt), town between Baghdad and Mosul
10.39n; 10.68.2.1n
Talavera, city in today’s province of Toledo (Spain)
13.11n
al-Ṭalīl, an unidentified locality on the way to Karak
1.11
Tall Bāshir see Turbessel
Tangier (Ṭanjah), city in Morocco
13.4n
Taormina (Tauromenium), ancient Greek city in Sicily
4.3.4.2n
Ṭarābulus see Tripoli
Tarentum (Taras), ancient Greek city of southern Italy
3.6n; 4.1.10.2n; 4.1.11.2; 4.3.4.3; 4.3.6.1
Tarsus, ancient city in south-central Anatolia
1.9n; 4.1.11.2; 4.1.11.3
Ṭārum, district of Daylam in north-western Iran
11.13.3.6
Tashkent see Shāsh
Tbilisi see Tiflis
Tehran, capital of modern Iran
1.10n; 7.1.2n
Tenessos see Tinnīṣ
Teos, ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia
4.6.13.2n
Thabīr, Mt., a mountain in Arabia
7.5.6(p)
Thamil Lane (Darb Thamil), in Baghdad
10.81.1
al-Tharthār, a wadi in northern Mesopotamia
11.13.7.9(p)
Thasos, Greek island in northern Aegean
4.1.5n
Thrace, historical region of northern Balkan peninsula
4.6.2.1
Tiflis (Tiflīs, modern Tbilisi), capital of the modern-day republic of Georgia
10.79; 15.2n
Tigris (Dijlah), one of the two great rivers of Mesopotamia
8.26.9; 8.26.12n; 10.1.7; 10.4.6; 10.21n; 10.64.7; 10.69.3.8; 11.13.7.9(p)
Tihāmah, the Arabian coastal plain on the Red Sea
14.47.1(p)
Tikrīt see Takrīt
Tilimsān see Tlemcen
Tinnīs, town and lake of the eastern part of the Nile Delta, ancient Tenessos
5.1.21.1
Tirmidh, a town on the Oxus river
10.68.2.1(p)
Ṭīzanābādh, a town between Kufa and al-Qādisiyyah, on the pilgrim route
8.3.7
Tlemcen (Tilimsān), city in north-western Algeria
13.81.1; 13.85
Toledo (Ṭulayṭulah), city and Andalusī ṭāʾifah in Spain
13.11; 13.11n; 13.38.1; 13.38.2; 13.39.2; 13.45; 13.48
Tralles, ancient Greek city of south-west Anatolia
1.1n; 4.1.10.4n
Transoxiana (Mā warāʾ al-nahr)
11.5.14
Tripoli (Ṭarābulus), city in Lebanon
2.1.5n
Tripoli (Ṭarābulus al-Gharb), city in Libya
2.1.5n
Troy, ancient city, the modern Hisarlık, Turkey
1.1n; 2.1.5
Trujillo (Turjālah), city in today’s province of Cáceres (Spain)
13.65
Ṭulayṭulah see Toledo
Tūmā Gate see Bāb Tūmā
Tuesday Market (Sūq al-Thalāthāʾ), in Baghdad
10.76.3
Tunis (Tūnis), capital of today’s Tunisia
13.68.2
al-Ṭūr (or Ṭūr ʿAbdīn), a plateau in northern Mesopotamia
15.51.11 no. 1
Ṭūr Sīnāʾ see Mount Sinai
Ṭurā, a town about 10 miles (15 km) south of Cairo
14.15n
Turbessel (Tall Bāshir; modern Tellbasar Kalesi, Turkey), a castle and town in northern Syria in the valley of the Sājūr, a tributary of the Euphrates
15.56.1
Turjālah see Trujillo
Ṭūs, an ancient city near Mashhad in Iran
8.3.4; 8.29.2; 11.13.2.11; 15.24; 15.24n
Tustar (or Shūshtar, Shūstar, Tushtar), a town in the Khuzestan province of Persia
11.10
Tyre (Ṣūr), a city in the south of present-day Lebanon
4.1.11.3; 4.3.4.1; 11.2; 13.4n; 15.45.1
Tyrrhenia see Etruria
al-ʿUdhayb (Little Sweetwater), name of several desert locations
15.49.6.1(p)
ʿUkbarā, a town located on the east bank of the Tigris, halfway between Baghdad and Samarra
8.5.2; 8.25.7n
Umayyad Mosque, in Damascus
15.19; 15.24; 15.29; 15.33; 15.34; 15.40.3; 15.57.1n
Urfa see al-Ruhā
Ushūnah see Osuna
Usrūshanah, the mountainous district between Samarqand and Khujand
8.11
al-Uthayl, a place near Medina
7.1.3(p)
Utrar see Fārāb
Valencia (Balansiyah), city in al-Andalus
13.41; 13.68.1; 13.84
Victory Castle see Ḥiṣn al-Faraj
Victory Gate see Bāb al-Fatḥ and Bāb al-Naṣr
Wādī Kanʿān (the Wadi of Kanaan, also known as ʿAyn Jālūt, Goliath’s Spring) the site in Palestine of the victory of the Mamluks over the Mongols in 658/1260
11.13.7.9; 15.32
Walnut Tree Gate see Bāb al-Jawz
Warakhshah or Farakhshah, a town near Bokhara
10.62.1n
Wāsiṭ, important mediaeval city of central Iraq
7.9.5; 8.13.3n; 10.1.6; 10.4.8; 10.62.1; 10.62.2; 10.62.3
Wheat Market (Sūq al-Qamḥ), in Damascus
15.35
Yabrūd, a large village near Saydnāyā, north of Damascus
15.3.1
Yadhbul, mountain in Arabia
11.19.3(p)
Yalamlam, a mountain in Arabia
14.32.4(p)
Yamama (al-Yamāmah), region in central and eastern Arabia
10.1.1.4; 10.1.3; 14.47.1n
al-Yaman see Yemen
Yemen (al-Yaman)
1.1; 7.1.1; 8.3.16n; 8.10.2n; 8.10.4; 10.38.4; 14.32.4n; 14.33.3; 14.57.1; 15.8.1n
Yūnān, said to be a ‘(pen)insula’, home of the Greeks (see also Ionia) 2.1.1
al-Yussānah see Lucena
Zabīd, town in Yemen
14.33.3n
al-Ẓafariyyah, neighbourhood in East Baghdad
15.40.2n
Zagros Mountains see al-Jibāl
al-Zahrāʾ see Madīnat al-Zahrāʾ
Zamakhshar, in Khwārazm
15.40.9 no. 12n
Zanjān, a town and district approximately 150 kilometres west of Qazwīn
8.20.11
Zarafshān, river in Transoxiana
8.11
Zaragoza see Saragossa
al-Zawrāʾ, name of several locations, including a part of Baghdad
10.64.17.1(p); 15.18.2n
Zayzāʾ, a locality north of Amman, Jordan
15.32
al-Zuqāq (‘The Strait [of Gibraltar]’)
13.4n
Subject Index to Vols. 2 and 3
The Arabic article (a)l-, in all positions, is ignored for alphabetical order. The numbers provided in the entries refer first to the chapter number, then the biography number, and then, when relevant, to numbered subsections and sub-subsections within that biography. The numerical references apply to both the edited Arabic text and the annotated English translation. After a number, n refers to a footnote, ‘no.’ refers to listed titles or sayings, and (p) refers to names mentioned in poems.
Booklists have been indexed only where titles are of particular interest or relevance. The index covers the edition, translation, and annotation of the ʿUyūn but not the essays and material in the first volume of A Literary History of Medicine.
abdominal pain see gastro-intestinal complaints
abortifacients (farzajah)
4.1.3.1
abscess see ailments
aconite (bīsh)
aconite-mouse (bīsh mūsh)
1.3.2n
agriculture (filāḥah)
4.1.3.2; 5.1.23; 5.1.24.1; 8.29.22 no. 92; 14.25.2
ailments
abscess (khurūj)
8.3.1 1
acute illness (marḍah ḥāddah)
10.23.2
corruption of the constitution/discrasia (fasād mizāj)
10.12.2; 15.42
illness of morals (akhlāq)
10.4.8
mania (māniyā) which is rabies (al-junūn al-sabuʿī)
15.50.4
unspecified ailment (waṣab)
15.46
see also, cancer; epilepsy; eye ailments; fever; gastro-intestinal complaints; gout; headache; leprosy; measles; mental and emotional disorders; paralysis; pestilential diseases; psychosomatic illnesses; skin conditions; respiratory and throat ailments; smallpox; ulcer; vertigo; wasting disease
air, climate (hawāʾ)
7.8.3; 8.3.16; 8.27.4; 8.29.22 nos. 22, 23, 28; 10.3.14 no. 29; 13.24.1; 14.14.8 no. 1; 14.25.9 no. 100; 14.32.5 no. 3; 15.52.1
alchemist (kīmiyāʾī)
10.1.14 no. 255; 15.40.9 no. 150
alchemy, chemistry (ṣināʿat al-kīmiyāʾ)
2.1.4; 5.1.22; 8.11; 11.5.14; 11.5.15; 11.5.17; 11.5.25 nos. 22, 23, 31; 13.41; 14.30; 15.1.5 no. 96; 15.11.1; 15.40.3; 15.40.4; 15.40.9 no. 151
algebra (jabr wa-muqābalah)
10.2.4. no. 16; 10.3.14 no. 135; 10.44.5 no. 38; 11.21; 14.22.4.2 no. 4; 14.22.5.2 no. 91; 15.31.6 no. 21
almanac see calendar
almond (lawz)
8.4.6; 8.20.12
aloes, a species of aloe plant (ṣabr, ṣabir, ṣabur)
1.6
aloes-wood (ʿūd)
8.4.6; 8.29.22 no. 30; 10.64.3
alum, Yemeni (shabb yamānī)
5.1.22
amputation
10.66.3
treating a limb amputated as punishment
10.5.4
analogy (qiyās)
1.1n; 1.3.2; 1.12; 3.3; 3.4; 3.5
anatomy
5.1.10.1; 5.1.18.3; 5.1.25; 5.1.37 nos. 8–10, 21–24, 27–35, 49; 13.66.5
see also dissection
angel (malʾak)
2.1.2; 2.1.6.2; 4.1.2; 8.29.16; 11.19.6.1
animals (ḥayawān)
4.1.3.4; 4.3.5 no. 28; 4.4.2.1; 4.4.2.2; 4.6.11 no. 74; 4.6.13.3 no. 136; 5.1.18.2; 5.1.34 no. 6; 5.1.37 nos. 11, 25, 26; 8.6 no. 10; 8.34 no. 1; 10.1.14 no. 147; 10.3.14 no. 150; 10.37.5 no. 9; 10.4.4.2; 10.46.4 no. 2; 11.5.25 no. 221; 13.36.2.4; 13.59.4 no. 4; 13.66.4; 13.66.6 no. 6; 15.1.5 no. 75; 15.40.9 nos. 40, 50, 154, 167
aniseed (ḥabb al-anīsūn)
13.16; 13.26
ant (namlah)
6.1.3
antidote see theriac; bezoar
anxiety see mental and emotional ailments
ape (qird, fem. qirdah, pl. qurūd)
8.26.10
apoplexy (saktah)
10.8.2; 10.13.5 (saktah damawiyyah); 14.56.2n
see also apparent death
apothecaries, testing of
8.11
apothecary shop, physician’s shop (dukkān)
14.32.3; 15.10; 15.11.1
apparent death (saktah)
2.1.5; 10.3.9; 10.64.3; 12.6; 14.32.3; 15.3.1.2; 15.3.1.3; 15.3.1.5
see also apoplexy; fainting
apples see fruit
Arabic language and grammar, syntax (al-ʿarabiyyah, naḥw, iʿrāb)
5.1.32; 6.1.3; 8.29.1; 8.29.8; 8.29.15; 8.29.22 nos. 64, 80; 9.16; 10.2.1; 10.2.4 no. 42; 10.64.1; 10.64.10; 10.75.1; 10.81.4; 11.5.25 no. 178; 11.12; 11.13.3.2 no. 14; 11.13.3.13; 11.13.7.8 no. 12, 82; 11.16 no. 1.31; 13.4; 13.27.1; 13.63.1; 13.64.2.1; 13.81.2; 14.22.1; 14.29.3; 15.1.3.3; 15.8.11; 15.19 no. 2; 15.23.1; 15.23.1.3; 15.24; 15.25; 15.33; 15.34; 15.40.1; 15.40.2; 15.40.5; 15.40.7; 15.40.9 nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 14, 25, 29; 15.46.1; 15.47.2.2; 15.50.1; 15.51.1; 15.51.2; 15.57.1; 15.60.1
arak tree (arāk)
13.63.8.2
Arcturus (star, al-Simāk)
13.68.8.2
arithmetic, computation (ḥisāb, arithmāṭīqī)
4.3.1; 4.6.9; 5.1.3; 5.1.24.1; 10.1.4; 10.1.6; 10.1.14 no. 34, 35; 10.2.4 no. 16; 10.3.14 no. 103; 10.44.1; 10.44.5 nos. 57, 58; 11.13.2.2; 11.13.3.10; 11.13.7.8 no. 66; 11.21; 11.21 nos. 2, 5; 13.34.1; 14.22.4.2 nos. 4, 13; 14.22.5.2 nos. 70, 78, 84, 92; 15.31.6 no. 12; 15.40.9 no. 33; 15.51.2; 15.51.11 no. 1
see also numbers
aromatic plants (rayāḥīn)
7.1.3
basil (ḥamāḥim)
8.4.7
fūtanj or fudhanj, a collective name of various species of aromatic plants, including the various mints
1.11n
rose (ward)
5.1.29.1; 7.1.3
violet (banafsaj)
7.1.3; 8.8.2
arrow wound
10.10.2
arrowhead extraction
4.1.9.2 no. 59
art of treating eye diseases, ophthalmology (ʿilāj al-ʿayn/ṣināʿat al-kuḥl/ʿilm al-kuḥl)
3.5; 8.29; 14.36.1; 14.37; 14.47.2; 14.55.3; 15.11.1; 15.46.1; 15.51.1
ass see donkey
asthma see respiratory ailments
astrolabe (asṭurlāb)
8.13.3; 10.1.14 no. 99; 10.67.2; 11.15 nos. 6, 11; 13.6.1.1; 13.6.2; 13.7; 13.58.4.7; 13.58.5 no. 8; 15.50.5
astrologer, astronomer (munajjim, ḥāsib)
7.8.2; 8.3.10; 8.4.4; 10.1.7; 10.1.14 no. 167; 10.3.2.3; 10.44.1; 10.64.7; 10.67.3; 11.3; 12.6; 13.45; 13.58.5 no. 1; 14.22.4.3 nos. 13, 14, 21; 15.24; 15.49.5
astrology, astronomy (ʿilm al-nujūm, al-maʿrifah bi-l-nujūm, ʿilm al-hayʾah, ʿilm al-aflāk, al-uṣūl al-falakiyyah)
5.1.24.1; 8.18.1; 8.32.4; 10.1.6; 10.2.4 no. 12; 10.3.14 nos. 57, 77, 137; 10.4.1; 10.4.9 no. 9; 10.40 no. 1; 10.44.5 nos. 37, 54; 10.67.1; 10.83.3; 10.83.7 no. 7; 11.13.3.10; 11.13.3.16; 11.15; 11.15 nos. 4, 8; 12.1; 12.2; 12.3; 13.5.1; 13.6.1.1; 13.7; 13.9; 13.10; 13.11; 13.29.1; 13.50; 13.59.2.2; 13.59.4 no. 16; 13.76; 14.21; 14.22.4.3 no. 31; 14.23; 14.25.1; 14.30 no. 2; 15.8.11; 15.9; 15.18.1; 15.29; 15.33; 15.46.1; 15.49.5; 15.50.5; 15.51.1; 15.51.6
judicial astrology (aḥkām al-nujūm)
10.1.6; 10.3.6; 11.13.7.8 no. 81; 13.45; 14.25.9 no. 83; 14.49.1; 15.1.5 no. 67; 15.43.2
astronomical table (zīj)
10.3.14 no. 141; 10.67.5 no. 2; 11.15 no. 13; 13.5.1; 13.5.2 no. 21; 13.6.1.1 no. 6; 13.6.2 no. 7; 13.7; 15.24; 15.31.6 nos. 23, 34; 15.33
atmosphere (jaww)
10.1.14 nos. 77, 177, 215, 216; 10.2.1 no. 44; 10.3.14 no. 83; 10.2.4 no. 44; 10.3.14 no. 83
autumn (kharīf)
11.5.25 no. 15
backgammon (nard)
11.5.25 no. 85; 15.23.3
balance (mīzān, qarasṭiyūn, qarasṭūn)
4.3.3; 4.3.5. no. 35; 4.6.11.8; 10.3.14 no. 54; 10.44.5 no. 47; 10.64.19.9; 14.22.5.2 no. 67
baldness resulting from illness (qaraʿ)
5.1.34 no. 8
banana see fruit
barley (shaʿīr)
8.26.16; 8.26.20 no. 30; 10.13.3; 10.36; 10.42; 10.64.3; 13.68.2; 14.25. 9 no. 17
barley water (māʾ shaʿīr)
8.14; 10.13.2; 10.13.3; 10.3; 15.50.4
basil see aromatic plants
bath, bathhouse (ḥammām)
4.1.9.1 no. 6; 5.1.37. no. 20; 7.1.3; 7.1.5; 7.8.3; 7.9.1; 7.9.3; 8.3.24; 8.20.12; 8.26.20 no. 17; 8.28 no. 7; 8.29.10; 8.29.16; 8.29.17; 8.29.19; 8.29.22 nos. 69, 86; 10.1.14 no. 248; 10.13.3; 10.36; 10.44.5 no. 55; 10.63.2; 10.69.3.8; 10.76.2; 11.5.25 no. 223; 13.3.4 no. 25; 13.60.2; 14.15; 14.54.3; 15.3.1.2; 15.3.1.4; 15.23.3; 15.36.1.2
baths, as therapy
10.63
beer (fuqqāʿ)
11.16 nos. 1.24, 1.25; 15.3.1.2
bees (naḥl)
15.8.1
bezoar see theriac
bile
7.1.4
preponderance of yellow bile
8.36; 10.36
bindweed or dodder of thyme (afīthimūn or afītimūn, Gr. ἐπίθυμον )
1.1
birds (ṭayr)
8.4.12; 10.3.8; 10.3.14 no. 130
bustard (ḥubārā)
1.11
eagle (ʿuqāb)
1.10; 1.11n
egrets (?) (bīḍāniyyāt)
8.4.12
(mālik al-ḥazīn)
10.3.14 no. 130
falcon (bāzī, used for all species of raptors)
1.11
ibis or crane (ghurnayq, pl. gharānīq)
1.10
lammergeier (also called ‘bearded vulture’)
1.7n
osprey (also called ‘sea hawk’ or ‘fish hawk’)
1.7n
ṣafrāghūn, a small bird such as a wren
1.7
pigeon, dove (ḥamāmah, warqāʾ)
8.4.12; 11.13.7.1; 11.19.3; 13.68.8.2; 13.66.3
rails (?) (ḥaḍāniyyāt)
8.4.12
sandgrouse (qaṭā)
13.63.8.1; 13.66.3
sandpipers (ṭīṭawiyyāt)
8.4.12
sparrow (zurzūr)
15.46.3.6
stork (laqlaq)
1.11
woodpecker? (dharīfūs)
1.11n
see also meat
bīsh-mouse see aconite mouse
bites of wild animals (nahsh al-sibāʿ al-ḍāriyah)
1.8; see also snakebite
scorpion sting (lasb ʿaqrab)
10.13.4
bitter apple see colocynth
bladder stones see calculi
blindness see eye ailments
blood
blood loss
10.64.3, during menstruation 8.5.2
blood discharge (nafth al-dam)
11.5.11
blood in urine
10.36
excess, plethora of blood (al-imtilāʾ al-damawī /al-imtilāʾ daman ghalīẓan)
1.7; 10.8.4
plethora in the blood vessels of the head (imtilāʾ fī ʿurūq al-raʾs)
1.7
melancholic blood (dam sawdāwī)
2.1.6.3
passing blood and caul [said of an infant] (qiyām al-dam wa-l-aghrās)
10.46.2
see also menstruation, nosebleed
bloodletters
10.13
bloodletting (faṣd)
1.2; 1.6; 1.7; 3.5; 5.1.10.1; 5.1.24.2; 5.1.29.2; 8.3.10; 8.5.2; 8.12.1; 8.20.3; 8.26.5; 8.26.14; 8.26.15; 8.26.17; 10.5.3; 10.8.2; 10.8.5; 10.13.2; 10.13.3; 10.13.5; 10.14.2.1; 10.36; 13.15; 14.31.2; 14.54.6; 15.3.1.1; 15.40.4; 15.42; 15.50.1
bloodletting as regimen
8.3.22; 8.20
boats
ḥarrāqah
8.25.7
marākib
5.1.7
zanbariyyah
8.26.11
bone-setting and correcting dislocations (jabr al-ʿiẓām al-maksūrah wa-iṣlāḥ al-makhlūʿah)
3.5; 4.1.9.1 no. 12; 4.1.9.2 no. 29; 4.1.10.2 no. 39; 11.5.25 no. 69 and no. 182
books, fake and attributed
4.1.9.2; 4.3.6.2; 5.1.37 no. 132; 5.1.38; 7.1.5n; 8.3.6n; 8.20.6n; 8.30.6n; 9.32n; 10.1.14 nos. 30n, 97; 10.51.2; 10.64.20 no. 14; 10.69.3.1; 11.2n; 11.4n; 11.5.25 nos. 93, 166; 11.12.8 no. 64; 11.16 no. 1.30; 12.1n; 13.66.6 nos. 1n, 5; 14.14.8n; 14.15n; 14.22.5.2 no. 85; 14.23.4 no. 2; 14.25.1n; 14.25.9 no. 32; 14.42.3n; 14.43.3 no. 1n; 15.23.5 no. 4; 15.40.1n; 15.40.9 no. 18.n; 15.52.2 no. 1n
books, summaries/abridgements (fawāʾid, ikhtiṣār, iḥtiyār, jawāmiʿ, jumlah, khulāṣah, masāʾil, mujarrad, mūjaz, nukhbah, talkhīṣ, thimār)
4.1.9.1 no. 4; 5.1.37 nos. 16, 66, 124, 172; 6.1.1; 6.2 nos. 25–26; 6.3.1; 6.4; 6.5.1; 8.26.20 no. 45; 8.29.9; 8.29.22 nos. 1, 11–22, 25, 35, 37, 62, 88, 103, 104; 8.30.6 no. 9; 9.43; 10.1.14 nos. 14, 23, 33, 157; 10.2.4 nos. 1–5, 52;10.3.14 nos. 5–7, 10, 15–22, 28–29, 38, 53, 80, 84, 89, 103, 105, 110–111, 114–115, 144; 10.16 no. 1; 10.37.5 no. 30–32; 10.56 no. 1; 10.57 no. 3; 10.64.20 nos. 4–8; 11.5.25 no. 7–9; 11.11 no. 1; 11.12 no. 6; 11.13.3.1; 11.17 no. 2; 13.5.2 no. 2; 13.51.4 no. 6; 13.66.6 no. 27; 14.14.8 no. 3; 14.22.4.2 nos. 1, 3; 14.22.4.3 nos. 22, 44(1–30); 14.22.5.1 nos. 16–17; 14.22.5.2 no. 91; 14.39.4 no. 1; 14.56.4 no. 1; 15.1.5 nos. 102, 107; 15.6; 15.20 no. 2; 15.21 no. 1–2; 15.23.5 no. 4; 15.31.6 nos. 1–7; 15.33 no. 3; 15.36.2 no. 2; 15.39 nos. 3, 9; 15.40.3; 15.40.9 nos. 2, 30–31, 34–35, 39–40, 43–50, 53–56, 79–80, 112, 154–155, 159; 15.50.7 no. 1–2; 15.51.11 no. 1
see also commentaries
bookworm, woodworm (araḍah)
8.29.6
boots, leather (khuff, zarbūl)
14.4.3; 15.18.1.4
botany see plants
boy-love
10.8.6; 10.67.4.3; 10.69.3.8; 13.58.4.3; 13.58.4.9; 15.46.3.8; 15.58.4; 15.58.7
boxthorn/ buckthorn (ʿawsaj)
1.1n
brazier, censer (mijmarah)
10.64.19.10; 13.58.4.7
bread (khubz)
4.3.2; 4.3.4.3; 5.1.16.3; 8.4.7; 8.4.12; 8.5.3; 8.20.12; 8.25.3; 8.26.11; 8.26.15; 8.29.10; 10.5.4; 10.64.3; 15.3.1.5; 15.49.4
loaf (raghīf)
8.3.15; 8.29.10; 10.3.9
flat loaf (ruqāq)
8.4.7; 8.20.12
bread stuffed with meat etc. (bazmāward)
14.4.1
breathlessness see respiratory ailments
brooms (khūṣ al-makānis, ‘the palm leaves of brooms’)
1.11
burial, funeral, tomb (qabr, dafn, jināzah)
4.1.7; 4.1.8.1 no. 22; 4.1.8.3; 4.6.3.2–3; 4.6.12; 5.1.9; 5.1.21.1–2; 8.1.2; 8.3.20; 8.5.5; 8.9; 10.8.4; 12.6; 13.58.4.1; 13.63.3; 13.64.2.1; 14.15; 14.32.4
cake (kaʿk, kaʿkah)
8.29.10; 14.1
calcite
5.1.21.1
calculus/calculi (ḥasāh) lithiasis, a stone [urinary, bladder or kidney]
10.76.2; 13.2.2.2; 13.21.2.1; 14.54.8
bladder stones (ḥajar fī l-mathānah)
1.7
kidney stones (ḥaṣāh fī l-kulā)
13.2.2.2
calendar, almanac (taqwīm, taʾrīkh)
10.3.14 no. 73; 11.13.3.11; 13.49; 14.11 no. 3; 15.33 no. 1
camphor (kāfūr)
8.4.6; 8.4.7; 10.5.4; 11.16 no. 1.27; 15.48; 15.50.4
kāfūr qayṣūrī or fayṣūrī
15.48
camphor burial
12.6
camomile (bābūnaj)
7.14; 14.54.15; 15.18.2; 15.48
camomile flowers (uqḥuwān pl. aqāḥī)
13.63.8.2
Cancer (constellation, al-Saraṭān)
10.1.14 no. 165; 10.38.4
cancer (disease) (saraṭān)
8.39
Canopus (star, Suhayl)
10.4.9 no. 3
Capella (star, al-ʿAyyūq)
13.58.4.4; 13.58.4.7
carbuncle see skin diseases
carpentry (nijārah)
15.33
case histories (mujarrabāt, tajārib)
5.1.18.2–3; 5.1.28–29.3; 5.1.37 no. 69; 11.13.8 no. 7; 13.3.4 no. 15; 13.24.4 no. 2; 13.39.3 no. 3; 13.61.4 nos. 5, 9; 14.26.3 no. 1; 14.29.4 no. 4; 14.33.5; 14.34.3; 14.38.2; 15.42; 15.51.11 no. 8; 15.56.2 no. 3
cassia, purging (khiyār shanbar)
8.29.19
castoreum (jundabīdastar/jand bādastar/jund bīdastar)
2.1.6.3; 5.1.32; 15.48
castration (khiṣāʾ)
8.29.2
cat (sinnawr)
1.11; 14.4.1
cataracts see eye ailments
catarrh see respiratory and throat ailments
catnip (al-ḥashīsh, in the sense of ḥashīshat al-sanānīr ‘the herb for cats’)
1.11
cautery (kayy)
3.5
censer (midkhanat al-bakhūr)
10.64.19.10
chalk, white (ḥawār)
13.24.1
chamomile see camomile
charlatans (khabīth, makhraqah, mughāliṭ, sūfisṭāʾī)
1.1; 4.1.10.4; 5.1.2; 5.1.19; 8.10.3; 8.11; 14.27.3; 14.36.3
chemistry see alchemy
chess (shaṭranj)
10.2.4 no. 40; 13.58.4.9; 13.63.2; 13.63.4; 13.80.2; 15.23.3
chick (farrūj)
8.29.22 and see under meat
chicken see meat
chicory see endive
childbirth, difficult
1.10
church (kanīsah pl. kanāʾis, bīʿah)
8.1.2; 8.3.16; 8.25.2; 8.26.6; 8.29.16; 8.29.17; 10.37.3; 10.38.4; 13.14
chyme (kaymūs) juice, gastric juice
2.1.6.3; 5.1.24.1; 8.13.3; 13.60.2
circumcision
14.31.4
civil war (fitnah)
8.20.4; 13.5.1
clay, edible (ṭīn)
7.9.2
client see mawlā
climate see air, climate
climes, zones of the world defined by length of day
1.1
clock (sāʿah)
10.1.14 no. 120; 15.29; 15.33
water-clock (binkām)
14.22.5.2 no. 76
coitus see sexual intercourse
cold foods (bawārid)
10.23.2
colic see gastro-intestinal ailments
college, law see law college
college, medical (madrasah)
15.50.6
colocynth, pulp of (ḥanzal; saḥm al-ḥanẓal)
1.6; 8.4.12
colour (lawn, pl. alwān)
8.29.22 no. 82; 9.9 no. 1; 10.1.14 no. 121, 122, 244
comet (kawkab dhū dhuʾābah)
10.1.14 no. 218; 14.21 no. 6
commentary (ḥawāshī, sharḥ, tafsīr, taʿlīq)
2.1.6.1; 4.1.7; 4.1.9.1 no. 52; 4.3.6.2 no. 20; 4.7 no. 7; 4.8.1; 4.8.2 nos. 1–9, 31; 5.1.37 nos. 45, 87–102, 128, 155–157, 184–185; 6.1.1; 6.2 nos. 1–24, 35; 8.29.22 no. 1, 75–77, 103; 10.17; 10.18 no. 1; 10.21 no. 3; 10.22.2; 10.22.4 no. 2; 10.34 no. 1; 10.37.2; 10.37.5 nos. 1–29, 33; 10.44.5 no. 50; 10.46.4 no. 17–18; 10.56 no. 2; 10.64.20 nos. 9–10, 12–13; 10.75.4 no. 1; 10.75.4 no. 1; 10.83.7 no. 2; 11.7 no. 4; 11.8.6 nos. 3–4, 15; 11.13.3.2 no. 45; 11.13.2.4; 1.13.3.7; 11.13.8; 11.13.8 nos. 1, 5, 7, 79, 88; 11.17 nos. 1, 3–5; 11.18 no. 2; 11.19.7 nos. 1–3, 8–10, 34, 36, 62; 11.20; 13.6 nos. 1, 6; 13.51.4 nos. 1, 2, 4, 7; 13.59.4 no. 1; 13.63.6; 13.66.6 nos. 5, 9–23, 28; 13.86.3 no. 1; 14.22.4.2 nos. 1, 3; 14.22.5.2 nos. 2, 86; 14.25.9 nos. 1–8, 24, 28–29, 32–33, 64; 14.29.4 no. 2; 14.30; 14.39.4 no. 5; 14.48.4 no. 1; 14.58.2; 14.58.4 no. 2; 15.1.5 nos. 1–8, 13, 24, 25–28, 72, 74, 81–82, 109; 15.3.1.2; 15.10; 15.10 nos. 1–4; 15.20 no. 1; 15.22 no. 8; 15.29 no. 2; 15.30 nos. 2, 3–4; 15.31.6 nos. 18–19; 15.37.6 nos. 2–3; 15.39 no. 2; 15.40.2; 15.40.9 nos. 9, 12, 14–18, 21, 25, 28, 37–38, 87, 98, 141–142; 15.41 no. 2; 15.46.4 nos. 1, 3; 15.47.3 nos. 1, 3, 4; 15.48; 15.56.2 nos. 3–4; 15.57; 15.59 no. 1; 15.60.2 nos. 2–3, 8–9
compass (birkār)
14.22.5.2 nos. 13, 22, 23
computation see arithmetic
confinement see imprisonment
consumption see wasting disease
convulsions see paralysis
cooked food, cookery (ṭabīkh)
8.26.20 no. 21; 10.2.4 no. 20; 10.45 no. 2; 14.9 no. 1; 15.36.1.1
copper (nuḥās)
13.58.2.1
cosmetics (zīnah)
8.29.22 no. 107; 13.62.4 no. 3
cottonseed (bizr quṭūn)
8.4.6
cough see respiratory ailments
cramping see paralysis
Cretan dittany (mashkaṭarāmshīr)
1.11
crucifixion (ṣalb)
13.1.2; 13.51.1
crystal (billawr)
8.26.15; 8.32.2
cumin (kammūn)
8.26.6
cupping (ḥijāmah)
7.1.3; 7.7.2; 8.3.10; 8.3.13; 8.20.6; 8.25.5 8.26.20 no. 9; 8.28 no. 6; 15.11.2.1 (p)
a base occupation
15.40.8 no. 8n
to staunch bleeding
7.7
date palm (nakhl)
10.1.14 no. 250; 15.40.9 no. 160
date wine see wine
dates, Azādh
8.26.17
paste (tamr ʿajwah)
7.1.1
fresh (ruṭab)
8.26.17
‘Days of the Old Woman’ (days in winter, ayyām al-ʿajūz)
10.1.14 no. 219; 10.2.4. no. 37
see also women, old
deformity (qabḥ)
5.1.34 no. 8
child born with two faces in a single head (mawlūd bi-wajhayn wa-raʾs wāḥid)
11.5.2
delirium (birsām, Persian bar-sām)
4.1.3.3
delusion (tawahhum)
12.1 no. 6; 12.2. no. 14
demons see jinn
Deneb, α Cygni, a star in constellation Cygnus (Dhanab)
8.4.13
depilatory paste (nūrah)
7.1.5; 10.36
dhimmīs
8.3.8; 10.4; 14.36.2
diagnosis by pulse
6.4; 8,1.1; 8.3.16; 8.5.5; 8.10.4; 8.25.6; 8.26.11; 8.26.17; 8.29; 11; 13.61.1; 14.54.5; 14.54.12; 15.50.4
diagnosis by urine
8.1.1; 8.2; 8.3.16; 8.5.4; 8.7; 8.10.4; 8.19.4; 8.26.5; 8.26.11; 13.61.1; 13.88.1; 15.50.1
of pregnancy, by urine
8.8.1; 8.10.2; 8.10.3
of sex of unborn infant, by urine analysis
8.10.2
telling animal from human urine
8.2
dialectics, disputation (jadaliyyah, jadal)
10.2.4 no. 51; 11.13.7.8 no. 46; 11.19.7 no. 56; 13.4; 14.22.4.1; 15.1.5 nos. 4, 17, 18; 15.22 nos. 7, 8
diarrhoea see gastro-intestinal complaints
diet (azm)
7.1.1; 7.1.3; 11.5.25 no. 32
diet, dietary regime (ḥimyah)
1.4; 5.1.24.1–2; 7.1.4; 7.1.5; 8.3.6; 8.4.12; 8.20.3; 8.20.11
diet, as cure
15.15; 15.36
digestive (aṣṭumakhīqūn/jawārish/jawārishn) an agent that improves appetite and digestion; a stomachic
8.5.2; 8.13.3; 10.69; 13.19.2.2
ḥabb al-aṣṭumakhīqūn (stomachic seed)
8.13.3
jawārishn al-khūzī
8.26.6
‘Key to Joy from All Sorrow (Miftāḥ al-surūr min kull al-humūm)’
14.14.7
al-marūsiyā
8.26.6
al-miqdādhīqūn
8.26.6
‘Pleasure for the Soul (Mufriḥ al-nafs’)’
14.14.7
diseases see ailments; epilepsy; eye ailments; fever; gastro-intestinal complaints; gout; headache; leprosy; measles; mental and emotional ailments; paralysis; pestilential diseases; psychosomatic illnesses; respiratory ailments; smallpox; ulcer; wasting disease
dissection (tashrīḥ)
5.1.18.2; 5.1.37 nos. 25–26; 8.26.10; 8.26.14
divination (faʾl)
10.1.14 no. 40; 10.2.4 no. 39
diviner (ʿarrāf)
10.37.5 no. 38
dodder of thyme see bindweed
dog (kalb)
1.11; 10.1.14 no. 141
dogmatism
3.4n; 3.6
donkey (ḥimār)
2.1.6.7; 8.5.2; 8.26.16; 13.21.2.1
dream, vision (ruʾyā, ruʾyah, ḥulm, manām)
5.1.3; 8.8.5; 8.29.5; 8.29.19; 10.1.14 no. 195; 10.2.4 no. 31; 10.37.5 no. 37; 10.44.5 no. 30; 10.54.3 no. 3; 10.64.8; 11.5.25 no. 16; 11.12 no. 7; 11.13.2.8; 11.13.7.8 no. 96; 13.64.2.2; 13.64.2.3; 15.1.5 no. 70; 15.50.2
dream interpretation
8.29.5; 13.64.2.3
dropsy see gastro-intestinal complaints
drought (qaḥṭ, pl. quḥūṭ)
1.12
drug, a medicament, a physic (dawāʾ/mudāwāh)
8.3.17; 8.3.22; 7.5.1; 13.56; 13.62.1; 14.42.1
applying a substance possessing the opposite nature
8.26.17
cooling medicines (mubarridāt)
13.23
compounding drugs (tarkīb al-adwiyah/aḥkām al-tarkībāt)
5.1.37 no. 79; 7.7.1; 13.79; 14.14.6; 14.43.1
desiccating powder (dawāʾ yābis)
14.18
dispensary of potions and electuaries (khizānat al-ashribah wa-l-maʿājīn)
13.72
drugs made easy to take
13.62
drug that is lethal; a drug to kill others (dawāʾ li-l-talaf)
1.2; 2.1.4; 7.5.1; 7.5.2; 8.7; 8.29.7
emetic (dawāʾ muqayyiʾ)
7.9.3; 8.20.11; 8.27.4; 10.36; 13.88.2
Great Helper (dawāʾ … al-mughīth al-kabīr)
13.18
medicinal powders (al-safūfāt)
13.13; 14.43.1
medicinal syrups, potions (sharāb/ashribah)
13.13; 13.18; 13.19.2.2; 13.19.3; 14.43.1
medicinal confection (laʿūq)
13.13; 13.22
medicinal paste or salve (maʿjūn pl. maʿājīn, maʿjūnāt)) sometimes called an electuary or hiera
8.5.2; 8.30.2; 12.5; 13.18; 13.19.2.2; 13.19.3; 14.14.1
hot electuaries (maʿājīn ḥārrah)
10.13.3
iyārij fīqarā
8.14
medicinal powder (safūf, pl. safūfāt)
8.13.2
‘Monk’s Remedy’ (dawāʾ al-rāhib)
13.13
ointments (marāhim)
13.62.2.3
occult properties of substances (khawāṣṣ al-mawjūdāt)
12.1
pastilles (aqrāṣ)
14.42.2; 14.43.1
purgative (dawāʾ mus′hil)
10.36; 13.62.2.1
simple drugs
5.1.37 no. 53; 7.5.1; 14.8; 13.36.1; 13.36.2.4; 13.39.2; 13.52; 13.53; 13.54; 13.55; 13;56; 13.57; 1.62.1; 14.14.1
topical medications (adwiyah mawḍiʿiyyah)
15.23.4.2
see also eye medicaments
see also depilatory paste
drunkenness, intoxication (sukr) drunk (sakrān)
8.9; 10.4.8; 10.17; 12.2 no. 12; 13.51.3; 13.58.4.9; 14.14.4; 14.25.9 no. 101; 15.8.3; 15.46.3.6
dūbayt (verse form; ‘quatrain’)
10.83.6; 11.5.6n; 15.11.3 no. 8; 15.31.5; 15.37.5; 15.47.1; 15.47.2.2; 15.58.7
durrāʿah (outer garment)
8.4.10; 8.5.2; 14.4.3
dyeing (ṣabgh, khiḍāb)
8.4.6; 10.1.14 no. 244; 10.2.4 no. 47; 10.44.5 no. 51; 15.37.3; 15.50.1; 15.57.2
dysentery see gastro-intestinal complaints
eagle stone see ‘The stone of the eagle’
ebb and flow (madd wa-jazr)
8.29.22 no. 54; 10.1.14 no. 257
ebony (abanūs)
8.4.11
eclipse, solar (kusūf)
10.1.14 no. 170; 10.3.14 nos. 93, 117, 118
lunar (khusūf)
10.3.14 nos. 93, 117, 118
eggs (bayḍ)
2.1.6.3; 7.7.2; 8.29.22 no. 36; 10.1.14 no. 249; 10.64.19.11; 13.63.7
Egyptian priests (kahanah)
3.3.4.2
Egyptian script, types of (khaṭṭ)
4.3.4.1
Egyptian willow (khilāf)
8.4.6
elecampane (rāsan and alānī)
1.1
electuary see drug
elegy (rithāʾ, marthiyah)
7.2.3; 7.2.4; 7.5.5; 7.5.6
elements (usṭuqussāt)
10.44.5 no. 7; 13.2.1; 13.2.3 no. 5; 13.59.4 no. 27; 15.51.11 no. 7
elephantiasis see leprosy
empiricism
2.1.1; 3.5
endive, or chicory (hindabāʾ/hundabāʾ)
1.3.1
enema (ḥuqnah)
5.1.22; 7.1.4; 7.8.2; 8.4.13; 10.13.2; 10.31; 10.36; 11.9.2.5 (p); 11.13.3.18; 11.16 no. 1.34; 15.3.1.5
envy (ḥasad)
8.4.2; 8.4.7; 8.5.2; 8.15.2; 8.20.6; 8.29.13; 8.29.14; 8.29.15
epidemics see pestilential diseases
epilepsy (ṣarʿ)
5.1.34 no. 8; 11.13.3.18
epileptic fit (maṣrūʿ)
15.11 (marginal poetry)
erysipelas see skin conditions
esotericism (bāṭinīyah)
4.2
estates/property (dār, ḍayʿah, manzil)
4.1.5; 4.6.6.2; 5.1.16.2, 4; 5.1.24.1; 8.3.9; 8.3.13; 8.3.14; 8.3.22; 8.4.10; 8.11; 8.12.1; 8.20.4; 8.19.17; 8.32.3; 10.1.4; 10.3.6; 10.5.3; 10.54.2; 10.61; 10.64.5; 10.77.2; 11.13.2.1; 13.12; 13.60.2; 13.62.2.2; 14.51.2; 14.57.1
(iqṭāʿ)
8.3.13; 8.25.5; 8.29.7; 8.33; 10.10.3; 10.10.5; 11.19.4; 14.51.2; 15.23.3; 15.50.5
ethics, morals (akhlāq, adab al-nafs, faḍāʾil)
10.1.14 no. 200; 10.2.4 nos. 41, 49; 10.3.14 nos. 58, 99; 10.44.5 no. 61; 10.45.3; 11.13.2.10; 11.13.7.8 no. 51; 11.19.7 no. 28; 13.10; 13.66.6 no. 11; 14.22.2; 14.22.5.2 no. 88; 15.1.5 no. 28
Eucharist (qurbān)
8.5.3; 8.5.6 no. 8
eunuch (khaṣīy, pl. khiṣyān)
7.9.2; 8.10.3; 8.29.2
(khādim)
8.1.2; 8.3.7; 8.3.15; 8.20.4; 8.24; 8.25.3; 8.25.4; 8.25.5; 10.77.3; 15.40.7
(ustādh)
10.10.5
head eunuch (zimām al-dār)
14.54.8; 15.50.2
evil eye (al-ʿayn)
10.64.19.11
execution see killing
exercise (riyāḍah)
10.3.7; 10.40 no. 3; 11.5.25 no. 135
eye ailments
3.5; 8.24; 8.25.3; 8.25.4; 8.25.5; 8.29.22 nos. 2,3; 13.19.1; 13.22; 14.5; 14.17; 14.55; 15.46.3; 15.51.3
blindness (ʿamy/ʿamā)
10.26; 10.42; 10.66.4; 11.5.9; 11.5.19
cataracts (ruṭūbah fī l-baṣar/māʾ nazala fī l-ʿaynayn/al-māʾ al-nāzil)
10.81.2; 11.5.9; 11.5.19; 15.10; 15.46.1; 15.51.3 quoting Galen
couching of the eye (qadḥ al-ʿayn)
10.9.2
chalazion (barad, ‘hail’) or more commonly baradah (‘hailstone’)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
congested pus (middah muḥtaqanah), a hypopyon (?)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
defective eyesight (ẓulmat al-baṣar)
1.10
excess of flesh in the inner corner of the eye (ziyādat laḥm al-muʾq wa-nuqṣānuhi)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
fistulas; lachrymal fistulas or abscesses (nawāsīr)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
injury (with a stick)
13.65
ophthalmia (ramad)
7.10; 10.30
pain in the eyes (wajaʿ al-ʿaynayn)
12.5
prolapse (nutūʾ)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
prolapse of the iris (al-ghishāʾ al-ʿinabī)
5.1.29.1
pterygium (zafarah)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
roughness of the eyelid (ghilaẓ)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
shaʿr (either shaʿr zāʾid, excessive or superfluous eyelashes, or shaʿr munqalib, ingrown eyelashes or trichiasis)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
sore eyes (alam al-ʿayn)
7.10
trachoma (jarab)
15.51.3 quoting Galen
ulcer in the eye (qarḥah fī l-ʿayn)
5.1.29.1
eye medicaments
10.66
collyrium, eye-salve (kuḥl)
5.2.1; 7.10; 8.24; 8.25.3; 8.25.4; 14.44; 14.55.3
eye-salve (shiyāf/shiyāfāt)
5.1.29.1; 13.22
eye-salve of lead (shiyāf ābār)
10.68.1.3
eye-wash (miyāh)
5.1.29.1
instruments for applying collyriums and eye powders (makāḥil)
8.24
probes for applying collyrium (mirwad pl. marāwid/dastaj/mīl pl. amyāl)
4.1.7; 8.24; 14.44.3
eyesight see vision
fainting (maṣdar, ghashy/ghushy)
8.12.2
famine, shortage of commodities (al-ghalāʾ)
14.25.3
see also pestilential disease
fasting (ṣawm)
8.3.16; 8.3.22; 8.5.3; 8.20.6; 8.29.17; 14.54.10; 15.47.1
fennel (rāzayānaj or rāziyānaj)
1.10
fenugreek (ḥulbah)
5.1.29.1; 7.1.1
fever, ague (ḥummā pl. ḥummayāt/ḥarārah)
5.1.29.2; 6.3.3; 8.14; 8.26.17; 11.10; 13.24.2; 14.54.10; 15.8.13(p); 15.40.4; 15.50.4; 15.50.5; 15.51.8
acute fever (ḥummā ḥāddāh)
10.8.6; 10.8.9
constant fever (al-ḥummā al-dāʾimah)
12.5
fever occurring every third day (ḥummā muthallathah)
8.26.11
feverish (maḥmūm)
11.10
hectic fever (ḥummā l-diqq)
10.5.4
humoral fevers (ḥummayāt al-akhlāṭ)
14.25.9 no. 67
ʿillah min ḥarārah
8.4.8
paroxysms and crises of fevers
10.38.4
periodic changes of fevers (adwār al-ḥummayāt)
14.25.9 no. 53
quartan fever (ḥummā l-ribʿ)
8.15.2; 10.8.5; 12.5; 13.19.3
tertian fever (ḥummā l-ghibb)
12.5
fish (samak)
8.3.7; 8.4.11; 8.21.3; 8.21.4; 8.26.7; 8.26.9; 8.26.16; 10.23.2; 11.5.25 no. 96
salted fish (ṣīr)
14.1
marinated fish (samak qarīṣ)
14.3
flatulence see gastro-intestinal complaints
flavours see tastes
flax (kattān)
14.4.3
fleas (barāghīth)
13.58.4.7
flies (dhubāb)
8.4.7
flogging, lashing, whipping (ḍarb sawṭ, ḍarb dirrah)
7.5.3; 8.15.2; 8.29.18; 10.1.6; 10.1.5; 10.5.3; 14.4.4
Flood, The (ṭūfān)
2.1.4
fog (ḍabāb)
10.1.14 no. 220; 10.2.4 no. 38; 11.8.6 no. 7
fried foods (muṭajjanāt)
10.23.2
frog (ḍifdiʿ)
13.62.2.2
fruit (fākihah, pl. fawākih)
7.1.3; 7.9.1; 7.9.4; 8.4.7; 8.29.10; 11.5.25 no. 71; 14.4.4; 14.54.3
apples (tuffāḥ)
8.4.8; 8.5.2; 8.26.19; 8.29.10; 10.69.3.7; 15.50.2
apricots (mishmish)
15.3.1.5
banana (mawz)
8.27.2
grapes (ʿinab)
13.62.2.1
grapes, dish made with sour – (ḥiṣrimiyyah)
10.8.7
lemon, citron (utrujj)
7.1.3; 8.4.6; 14.54.11
lime, lemon (laymūn, līmūn)
14.32.5 no. 5; 14.54.11
melon (biṭṭīkh)
8.4.7; 8.8.6; 11.5.25 no. 75
mulberries, Syrian (tūt Shāmī)
11.5.25 no. 75
orange (nāranj)
8.32.2; 10.69.3.7
plums (khawkh)
8.4.12; 8.20.9
pomegranate (rummān)
7.1.3; 8.4.6; 8.29.10; 10.69.3.7; 15.48
quince (safarjal)
8.29.10; 10.27; 14.4.4
tamarind (tamr hindī)
11.16 no. 1.26
tamarisk fruit (kizmāzak)
8.20.12
tamarisk as firewood
8.4.6
funeral see burial
garlic (thūm)
15.15
gastro-intestinal complaints
ailment of stomach (ʿillat al-maʿidah)
13.19.2.1
abdominal pain, colic (maghṣ/maghaṣ/maghīṣ)
1.2; 8.30.2
colic, ileus, abdominal pain (qawlanj/qūlanj)
7.8.2; 8.3.4; 8.4.3; 8.4.12; 8.4.13; 8.14; 8.30; 10.13.3; 11.9.2.5 (p); 11.13.3.3, 4, 6, 18; 11.13.5; 14.54.7; 15.16; 15.40.4; 15.50.1
constipation (imsāk)
10.27
constipation (?) (taʿadhdhur al-ṭabīʿah)
8.19.5
diarrhoea (is′hāl/ʿillat al-is′hāl)
1.1; 1.2; 8.13.4; 8.20.10; 13.19.3; 13.30; 14.3; 14.4.4; 14.11; 15.33; (khilfah) 8.13.2; 8.19.5; sajaj AII.1
uncontrollable diarrhoea (dharab)
5.1.22; 8.29.11; 10.4.3; 10.5.4; 10.4.4.1
diarrhoea with vomiting (hayḍah)
7.9.2; 8.18.4; 14.3; 14.4.1
dropsy (istisqāʾ)
1.9; 8.4.2; 10.12.2; 10.62.2; 11.5.12 (cured by eating snake flesh); 13.32; 14.33; 15.23.4.2 (istisqāʾ ziqqī) treated by draining (bazl); 15.24
dysentery (dūsinṭāriyyā)
8.19.5
dysentery of the liver with vomiting of blood (dusinṭāriyyā kabidiyyah)
15.48
dyspepsia (quṣūr fī l-haḍm)
7.9.2; 7.9.3
flatulence (rīḥ/riyāḥ)
7.1.4; 11.13.3.18; 12.5
in the belly (rīḥ jawwālah fī l-baṭn)
1.2
indigestion (maʿidah fasadat)
8.1.1; 8.26.6
indigestion (tukhmah)
13.19.2.2
leech in intestines
11.5.11
liver, swelling of (waram fī l-kabid)
10.6
nausea (ghathayān)
1.2
non-specific intestinal ailment (sūʾ al-qitb)
13.62.2.2
non-specific intestinal ailment (mabṭūn)
8.20.11
pain in the belly (wajaʿ al-baṭn)
12.5
pain in the lumbar region (wajaʿ al-khāṣirah)
13.22
retching (tahawwuʿ)
1.2
rumbling in the belly (qarāqir)
1.2
spleen, inflammation of (ṭuḥāl)
14.54.10
swellings of (awrām al-ṭihāl)
10.38.4
hardened spleen
10.36
swollen abdomen
13.62.2.2
weakness of the stomach (ḍuʿf fī l-maʿidah)
1.1; 7.9.2; 7.9.3
vomiting (qayʾ/al-quyāʾ)
1.2; 10.27; 15.52.1
critical bout of (quyāʾ buḥrānī)
1.7
vomiting of blood
15.48
see also calculus/calculi
gazelle (ẓaby)
13.63.8.1
Gemini (al-Jawzāʾ)
10.38.4
gems see precious stones
generation and corruption (kawn wa-fasād)
4.6.4.2; 4.8.4.2. no. 5; 13.59.4 no. 3; 14.25.9 no. 72
geomancy (raml)
11.19.7 no. 40
geometry (handasah)
4.3.1; 4.3.4.1; 4.5.1; 5.1.3; 5.1.21.1; 5.1.2310.1.4; 10.1.6; 10.1.14 nos. 93, 96, 99–101; 10.3.6; 10.3.14 nos. 62, 82, 113, 135, 137; 10.4.9 no. 18; 10.44.1; 10.44.5 no. 22; 11.3; 11.5.25 nos. 11, 147; 11.13.2.2; 11.13.2.5; 11.19.7 no. 42; 11.21 no. 3; 13.6.1.1; 13.6.2; 13.9; 13.10; 13.11; 13.34.1; 13.38.1; 13.38.2; 13.44; 13.50; 13.58.5. no. 8; 13.59.2.2; 13.59.4 no. 16; 14.22.4.2 nos. 1, 2, 15, 17, 20, 22; 14.22.4.3 no. 26; 14.22.5.1 no. 13; 14.32.4; 14.36.3; 15.1.5 no. 103; 15.9; 15.17; 15.24; 15.33; 15.43.2; 15.47.2.2
(geodesy, surveying, misāḥah)
10.1.14 no. 109; 13.32; 14.22.4.2 no. 9; 14.22.5.2 nos. 15, 58; 15.51.11 no. 2
giant
8.5.2
giraffe (zarāfah)
13.66.4
gladiators (al-mubārizūn fī l-ḥarb)
5.1.18.1, 2
glass (zujāj)
8.32.2; 10.1.14 no. 243; 13.58.4.5
glassblowing
2.1.4
goat (māʿiz)
1.11; 2.1.6.3
God/Creator (Allāh, Bāriʾ, Khāliq, Mubdiʿ)
Preface; 1.1; 1.5; 1.6; 1.12; 2.1.2; 2.1.4; 2.1.5; 2.1.5.2; 4.3.5 nos. 1–4, 41; 4.4.2.3; 4.6.11 no. 8; 7.3; 8.1.2; 8.3.17; 8.13.4; 8.19.2; 8.26.9; 8.29.7; 8.29.16–21; 8.29.22 no. 78; 10.1.14 nos. 10, 38, 113, 184, 190, 270, 282; 10.2.4 no. 33; 10.4.8; 10.22.4 no. 1; 10.66.7; 11.5.25 nos. 4, 87; 11.8.6 no. 9; 11.12; 11.13.6; 11.19.6.1; 11.19.7 no. 5; 13.66.5; 14.22.4.3 no. 18; 14.22.4.4; 14.22.5.1 no. 11; 14.25.6; 15.1.4; 15.18.2; 15.40.8 nos. 6, 18; 16.46.2; 15.47.3 no. 7; 15.52.1.1
gold (dhahab)
4.1.5; 4.3.6.2 no. 18; 5.1.7; 5.1.37; 7.9.3; 8.4.11; 8.4.12; 8.5.2; 8.26.15; 8.29.5; 8.29.6; 8.32.2; 10.1.14 no. 269; 10.76.2; 11.5.16; 11.5.17; 11.5.25 no. 82; 13.27.2; 13.66.3; 14.31.2; 14.31.4; 14.31.6; 14.34.2; 14.54.6; 15.23.3; 15.40.3; 15.50.3; 15.51.8
gout (niqris) – gout
8.5.2; 10.5.4; 13.68; 15.43.3
governance, administration (siyāsah, tadbīr)
2.1.2; 4.4.5; 4.6.13.1 nos. 17, 37; 10.1.14 nos. 197, 199; 10.2.4 no. 11; 10.3.14 no. 140; 10.44.5 no. 45; 11.2; 14.22.5.2 no. 90; 14.25.9 no. 87; 14.29.4 no. 5; 15.1.3.2; 15.1.5 no. 60; 15.33 no. 4; 15.40.9 nos. 116–117; 15.43.3
government inspectorate, inspection (ḥisbah)
10.2.3.1; 10.2.4 nos. 7–8; 13.19.3; 13.51.1
grammar see Arabic language and grammar
Greek language (Yūnānī, Yūnāniyyah)
2.2; 4.6.9; 8.1.1; 8.22; 8.29.2; 8.29.3; 8.29.4; 8.29.8; 8.29.9; 8.32.1; 9.2; 9.32; 9.44; 9.47; 9.49; 10.33; 10.44.2; 10.44.3; 11.5.25 no. 66; 13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.2; 13.36.2.3
(Ighrīqī)
13.36.2.2; 13.36.2.3
(lughat al-Rūm al-qadīmah wa-hiya al-Yūnāniyyāh)
5.1.32
(Rūmī, ‘Byzantine’, vernacular Greek)
8.26.8; 9.32; 15.43.1
gruel (kishk, kishkiyyah)
8.3.12
hadith
8.13.4; 13.65; 13.68.1; 13.86.1; 15.10; 15.13
haemorrhoids (bawāsīr, sing. bāsūr)
12.5
fissures caused by haemorrhoids (shiqāq al-bawāsīr)
11.16 no. 1.14
hail (barad)
10.1.14 no. 268
hair dye see henna
halo (hālah)
10.1.14 no. 80; 11.8.6 no. 7; 14.22.5.2 no. 8
hallucinations see psychosomatic ailments
hangover, effects of alcohol (khumār)
8.29.12; 13.37; 14.14.4
ḥarrāqah (kind of boat resembling a yacht)
8.25.7
headache (ṣudāʿ/ishtikā l-raʾs)
7.9.2; 8.2; 8.8.2; 11.8.5; 11.13.3.14; 12.5; 15.1.4(p)
migraine (shaqīqah)
12.5
‘pain in the brain’ (alam al-dimāgh) associated with a gastric distress at the mouth of the [cardiac] orifice of the stomach and the diaphragm
8.5.3; 8.5.6 no. 4
violent/excruciating (ṣudāʿ mubarriḥ)
1.7
health, definition of
8.19.4
Hebrew (lisān al-Yahūd, al-ʿIbrāniyyah)
13.47; 13.48
hedgehog (al-qunfudh)
1.11
hemiplegia see paralysis
hemlock (qūniyūn)
4.4.3.2
henna (ḥinnāʾ)
8.5.4; 15.50.1
hair dye ‘black henna’ (katam)
15.57
herb (ḥashīshah) – a general term
1.2; 1.3.2n; 1.11
heretic (zindīq, mulḥid)
8.29.16; 8.29.18; 10.1.14 no. 174
hiccups (fuʾāq/fuwāq)
8.4.11
hiera see medicinal paste
ḥisbah see government inspectorate
honey (ʿasal)
4.1.9.1 no. 6; 4.3.2; 4.3.4.3; 7.5.5; 7.5.6; 8.13.4; 8.27.2; 10.36; 15.8.1
cure for diarrhoea
8.13.4
ḥābūq honey
4.3.2
rose honey (julanjubīn)
11.13.3.14
horoscopes see nativities
hospital (bīmāristān)
Anṭākiyah
10.38.6 no. 7
Baghdad (ʿAḍudī hospital)
10.31; 10.32; 10.33; 10.37.1; 10.37.2; 10.42; 10.58.3; 10.64.1; 10.72; 10.79; 11.5.2; 11.5.3; 11.5.4; 11.5.6; 11.5.7; 14.22.5.1 no. 3n
Baghdad (founded by Abū l-Ḥasan Bajkam)
10.4.8
Baghdad (founded by Ibn al-Furāt)
10.5.2
Baghdad (founded by ‘good vizier’ ʿAlī ibn Īsā)
10.4.4.1; 10.16
Baghdad (Hārūn al-Rashīd)
8.25.8
Baghdad (under Muqtadir)
10.4.4.2
Baghdad (Badr al-Muʿtaḍidī’s hospital)
10.4.5
Baghdad (founded by Shaghab, mother of al-Muqtadir)
10.4.6
Baghdad (unspecified)
8.5.2; 8.5.4; 8.15.1; 8.25.5; 8.25.6; 10.13.1; 10.76.2; 11.5.5 (before ʿAḍudī)
Cairo (Nāṣirī hospital)
14.40.1; 14.40.2; 14.43.1; 14.47.2; (not the later hospital belonging to the fort, but the older one that was situated, at that time, near the flea markets of lower Cairo) 15.51.1
Damascus (Nūrī)
15.9; 15.13; 15.23.4.2; 15.24; 15.30; 15.33; 15.34; 15.35; 15.36.1; 15.37.1; 15.38; 15.39; 15.40.3; 15.42; 15.46.3; 15.50.1; 15.50.3; 15.50.4; 15.50.5; 15.51.2; 15.51.3; 15.51.4; 15.52.1; 15.53; 15.57.1; 15.58; (two hospitals founded by Ibn Zangi) 15.51.6; (al-Bīmāristān al-Ṣaghīr) 15.57.1
director (amīn)
13.71
Fusṭāṭ
13.34.1
general
4.1.10.2 no. 20; 5.1.20; 10.54.3 no. 1; 10.64.20 nos. 2, 3; 11.5.25 nos. 218; 11.16 no. 1.32; 14.43.3 no. 1
Gondēshāpūr
8.1.1; 8.1.2; 8.16; 8.25.1; 8.25.2; 8.25.6; 8.25.8
Jerusalem
15.45.1
Marrakesh
13.71
Mayyāfāriqīn
10.54.1; 10.54.2; 10.54.3 no. 2 the Fāriqī hospital
origin of term bīmāristān and association with Hippocrates
4.1.4
al-Raqqah
15.52.1
Rayy
11.5.7
House of Wisdom (bayt li-l-ḥikmah, bayt al-ḥikmah) ‘Museum’
4.6.7.2; 6.1.3; 8.29.5
hubris
13.58
humours, four
5.1.36 nos. 5–9; 6.3.2; 7.1.4
atrabilious/melancholic humours (khilṭ sawdāwī)
10.23.2
hunchback, gibbosity (ḥadab)
5.1.34 no. 8
hypochondria see mental and emotional disorders
hyssop see thyme
ice, snow (thalj)
5.1.8.1; 5.1.22; 7.8.3; 8.3.7; 8.4.6; 8.8.2; 8.8.6; 10.1.14 no. 268; 11.5.25 nos. 95, 109, 110; 11.13.3.14; 13.1.2; 15.3.1.2
icon (qūnah)
8.29.16; 8.29.17
imprisonment, prison, confinement, arrest (ḥabs, iʿtiqāl, qabḍ, sijn)
4.4.1; 4.4.2.3; 4.4.4 no. 15; 5.1.15; 7.5.3; 7.5.4; 8.3.4; 8.3.5; 8.7; 8.10.4; 8.29.7; 8.29.18; 10.2.3.1; 10.3.6; 10.4.4.1; 10.5.3; 10.5.4; 10.8.8; 10.10.3; 10.29; 10.79; 11.13.3.4; 13.1.2; 13.58.2.1; 13.58.2.2; 13.58.3.1; 13.58.3.4; 14.49.2; 15.48; 15.49.2; 15.49.4; 15.49.5; 15.50.2
incense (bakhūr)
8.3.24; 8.4.6; 8.4.7; 8.20.3; 8.20.6; 8.20.12; 8.29.10; 10.37.3
(nadd)
10.64.3; 13.58.4.7
inflammation (awrām)
10.23.2
ink (ḥibr)
10.1.14 no. 279; 10.64.19.3; 11.5.25 no. 175
inkpad (līqah)
10.1.14 no. 279
innate heat (ḥarārat al-gharīzah)
14.54.7
insomnia (sahar)
5.1.29.3; 8.39; 10.36
(yaqaẓah)
5.1.39 no. 162
(araq) Galen
5.1.29.3
intellect, intelligence, reason (ʿaql)
4.1.8.2 no. 34; 4.4.4 nos. 33, 49; 4.5.3 no. 50; 4.5.4 no. 4; 5.1.18.1; 5.1.18.2; 5.1.35 nos. 11, 12; 7.1.2; 8.20.6; 8.26.16; 10.1.14 nos. 20, 208; 10.2.4 no. 32; 10.16; 10.23.3 no. 5; 10.37.3; 10.66.9 no. 7; 11.5.25 no. 158; 11.13.2.2; 13.59.4 no. 11; 13.66.6 nos. 29, 31, 34, 35; 14.22.4.3 no. 33; 15.1.5 nos. 47, 48
Active Intellect (al-ʿaql al-faʿʿāl)
11.13.7.8 no. 18; 13.59.2.2; 13.59.4 nos. 9, 24
intelligibles, general (maʿqūlāt kulliyyah)
4.6.5.1; 7.2.2
intestinal complaints see gastro-intestinal complaints
intoxication see drunkenness
jaundice (yaraqān)
1.10
in swallows
1.10
jaundice stone see ‘The stone of jaundice’
jewels see precious stones
jinn (demons)
15.1.5 no. 57
Jupiter (al-Mushtarī)
7.8.2; 11.13.7.9; 13.58.4.8; 14.25.1; 15.1.4
jurisprudence see law
Kaʿbah
1.11n
kharībī (kind of cucumber)
8.19.5
kidney stones see calculi
13.2
killing, execution, murder, assassination (qatl, ightiyāl)
7.5.3; 7.5.4; 7.5.5; 7.5.6; 7.9.4; 8.4.3; 8.10.3; 8.23.3; 8.29.7; 8.29.15; 8.29.19; 8.29.20; 10.2.3.1; 10.2.3.2; 10.2.3.3; 10.64.16; 10.64.19.13; 10.77.2; 10.77.3; 11.5.17; 11.13.3.4; 11.19.5; 11.20; 11.23; 12.5; 13.1.2; 13.51.1; 13.58.4.4; 13.71; 15.18.1; 15.18.2; 15.20; 15.40.3; 15.49.3; 15.49.4
ladder (sullam)
15.36.1.2
lamb (sakhlah, kharūf)
14.4.1; 14.25
see also meat
lassitude; looseness of the limbs
see paralysis
Latin language (Laṭīnī)
5.1.16.1; 13.36.2.2
latitudes (ʿurūḍ)
10.3.14 no. 116
laurel tree see plants
law, Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh)
5.1.14; 10.81.4; 10.83.1; 10.83.4; 10.83.5; 10.83.7 nos. 2, 4; 11.13.2.3; 11.19.4; 11.19.7 nos. 4, 6, 13; 13.4; 13.66.1; 13.66.6 nos. 2, 3, 25; 13.80.2; 14.39.2; 15.21. no. 1; 15.34; 15.35; 15.40.2; 15.52.1
Jewish law (fiqh al-Yahūd, sharīʿat al-Yahūd)
13.48, 13.49
law college, law school (madrasah)
10.43.4; 10.64.3; 10.81.4; 10.83.1; 10.83.3; 10.83.4; 11.19.2; 15.18.1.3; 15.19; 15.20; 15.22; 15.34; 15.35; 15.40.2; 15.40.5
revealed law, Sharia (al-ʿulūm al-sharʿiyyah)
4.3.4.3; 4.5.3 no. 24; 5.1.13; 8.29.5; 10.69.3.13; 10.83.1; 11.19.1; 13.59.2.1; 13.63.6; 13.66.6 no. 26; 13.68.1; 14.25.2; 14.48.1; 14.57.1; 15.19; 15.21; 15.22
laxatives (mulayyin)
7.9.3; 8.5.5; 8.20.3; 8.26.20 no. 40; 8.29.20; 8.30.5; 14.54.11
see also purgation, purgatives
lemon see fruit
lemon balm (al-rayḥān al-turunjānī)
14.54.11
see also ‘catnip’
leprosy, or elephantiasis (judhām)
14.49; 15.23.4.1
(al-baraṣ wa-l-judhām)
1.3.2n
leper (majdhūm)
1.8; 15.23.4.1 (or someone with elephantiasis); al-abraṣ 8.22 n. 1
mujadhdham ‘leprous’
14.49.2
tajadhdhama (he contracted leprosy) AII.5
lettuce (khass)
1.6
juice made of the leaves of lettuce (ʿuṣārat al-khass)
1.6
lightning (barq)
10.1.14 no. 268
linen (kattān)
13.12
linguistic disciplines (ʿilm al-lisān)
4.6.3.1
lion (asad)
13.63.8.1
liver (kabid)
1.6; 1.11
see also gastro-intestinal complaints
lizard (ʿaẓāyah)
14.14.6
Egyptian lizard, skink (saqanqūr)
15.40.9 no. 74
locusts (jarād)
1.9; 10.62.2; 10.62.3
logic (manṭiq, burhān, qiyās)
3.3; 3.4; 4.1.11.4; 4.6.4.1; 5.1.3; 5.1.23; 5.1.24.1; 5.1.34 no. 11; 5.1.37 no. 20; 8.23.4 no. 2; 8.26.5; 8.29.22 nos. 37, 63; 8.30.4; 8.30.6 no. 8; 10.1.4; 10.1.8; 10.1.14 nos. 2, 24–26, 30; 10.2.4 no. 53; 10.3.14 nos. 7, 88; 10.18; 10.20; 10.21; 10.22.4 no. 5; 10.23.1; 10.23.3 no. 2; 10.38.6 no. 8; 10.44.5 nos. 49, 59; 10.58.2; 10.75.1; 10.78; 10.83.7 no. 5; 11.2; 11.5.23 no. 4; 11.5.25 nos. 6, 101; 11.7; 11.13.2.4; 11.13.2.8; 11.13.3.1; 11.13.3.2 nos. 11, 25, 33; 11.13.3.7; 11.13.3.8; 11.13.3.10; 11.13.3.15; 11.13.7.8 no. 8, 30, 31, 35, 92; 13.2.1; 13.2.3 no. 8; 13.9; 13.29.1; 13.30; 13.34.1; 13.38.2; 13.44; 13.46; 13.47; 13.48; 13.50; 13.51.4. no. 6; 13.58.5 no. 10; 13.63.5; 13.63.6; 13.66.6 no. 33; 14.23.4 no. 3; 14.25.9 no. 92; 14.27.1; 14.27.2; 14.29.4 no. 3; 14.48.4 nos. 3, 4, 5; 15.1.2; 15.1.3.2; 15.1.3.3; 15.1.5 nos. 9, 10, 12, 76; 15.3.1; 15.8.11; 15.17; 15.29; 15.40.9 nos. 97, 123, 129, 130, 133, 166, 169; 15.59 no. 3
(al-ṣināʿah al-dhihniyyah)
13.59.2.1; 13.59.4 no. 14
(qiyas, analogy)
8.26.16
love (ʿishq)
4.1.8.3; 5.1.34 nos. 12–13; 10.1.14 no. 194; 10.2.4 no. 36; 10.69.4 no. 7; 11.13.7.8 no. 98; 14.54.12
(maḥabbah)
10.37.5 no. 42; 11.5.25 no. 22.11
lute (ʿūd)
7.1.1; 11.5.7; 11.9.2.3; 13.58.1; 13.59.1; 15.8.1; 15.14; 15.29; 15.51.4; 15.58.3
madrasah see under law, Islamic jurisprudence
magic, natural (sīmiyāʾ)
10.83.3; 11.5.14; 15.18.1.1; 15.18.1.2; 15.40.3
magic number grids, magic squares (ʿadad al-waqf)
10.3.14 no. 124; 14.22.5.2 no. 51; 15.31.6 no. 22
magician see sorcerer
mallow (anthārīqūn)
4.3
mandrake (luffāḥ)
8.4.7; 10.13.3
manna (taranjubīn)
8.29.19
marble (marmar)
8.29.6
marriage (nikāḥ, tazwīj)
4.1.8.1 no. 22; 4.4.2.1; 4.6.2.3; 4.6.6.1–2; 7.9.1; 15.11.2.3
Mars (al-Mirrīkh)
10.1.14 no. 165; 10.38 4; 11.13.7.9; 14.25.1
marshmallow (khiṭmī)
2.1.6.2; 8.19.5
mastic (maṣṭakā)
15.48
mathematical sciences (al-ʿulūm al-riyāḍiyyah, riyāḍiyyāt)
4.1.11.4; 4.6.3.2; 4.6.4.2; 9.40; 10.1.14 no. 15; 10.67.1; 11.3; 11.13.2.8; 11.13.3.10; 11.21; 13.8; 13.43; 13.58.1; 14.21; 14.22.1; 14.22.3.1; 14.22.4.2 no. 24; 14.23.1; 15.1.1; 15.14; 15.24; 15.33; 15.51.6
applied mathematics (muʿāmalāt)
13.5.2; 13.6.1.1.; 13.6.2. no. 2; 13.8; 14.22.4.2 no. 10; 14.22.5.2 no. 10; 15.51.1
mathematician (riyāḍī, ṣāḥib al-riyāḍāt)
4.6.3.4; 13.5.1
mawlā (client; manumitted slave; fem. mawlāh, pl. mawālī)
7.1; 7.5.2; 7.5.3; 8.3.7; 8.3.15; 8.10.2; 8.10.3; 8.20.7; 13.24.1
measles (ḥaṣbah)
8.3.11; 10.46
see also smallpox
meat (laḥm)
4.3.4.3; 4.6.10; 5.1.16.3; 7.1.3; 7.9.1; 7.9.4; 8.3.7; 8.3.12; 8.3.15; 8.4.12; 8.21.2; 11.5.3; 11.13.7.6
calf, veal (ʿijl)
15.15
camel (jazūr)
7.1.3
chicken, hen, cock, pullet, poult, poultry, squab (dajāj, dīk, farrūj, farkh)
2.1.6.3; 5.1.16.4; 8.3.6; 8.4.6; 8.4.7; 8.25.3; 10.5.4; 11.5.12; 13.66.3; 14.4.1; 14.25.9 no. 56; 15.3.2; 15.36.1.3; 15.50.4
cow, beef (baqar)
7.1.3; 15.15
cooked in sour milk (maḍīrah)
8.26.16
cooked in vinegar (maṣūṣ)
8.4.7
dried salt meat (qadīd māliḥ)
7.1.3; 7.1.5; 7.8.3; 7.9.1
francolin (durrāj)
8.3.13; 8.4.12; 8.20.12; 10.3.9; 10.68.1.2
horse (faras)
15.3.1.2
kid, young goat (jady)
8.4.7; 8.25.3; 14.4.1
kid brains (dimāgh jady)
8.20.11
lamb (ḥamal, kharūf, ḍaʾn fatī)
7.1.3; 8.4.7; 14.4.1; 15.1.1.2; 15.25
liver (kabid)
10.3.9; 10.8.4
mutton (ḍaʾn)
15.36.1.3
peacock (ṭāwūs)
8.21.2; 8.26.8
roast meat (kardanāj, Persian gardanāj)
8.3.6; 14.4.1
(shiwāʾ)
8.3.7
stewed meat (isfīdbāj)
8.4.12; 8.13.3
(yakhnī)
14.54.11
sheep (ghanam)
15.18.1.2
snake, viper (afʿā)
15.23.4.1
medical experience (tajribah)
1.1; 1.8
medical knowledge
acquired by chance
1.8; 1.9
acquired through instinct
1.11
behaviour/etiquette
4.1.3.1–3; 4.1.4–7; 5.1.18; 5.1.30; 7.1.2; 8.29.7; 10.1.11; 10.3.14 no. 33; 11.5.23; 14.25.1; 14.25.7–8; 14.25.9 nos. 28–29; 15.40.8
discovery/invention of
1.1–1.11
essential to all human societies
1.4
from God and divine inspiration
1.1; 1.2; 1.5
from observation or imitation animals
1.10
Hippocrates’ definition
4.1.8.2 no. 33; 5.1.2
human invention
1.1; 1.2
inspired by dreams
1.1; 1.6; 1.7
invented by Egyptians
1.1
invention of Chaldaeans
1.1
invention of Hermes
1.1
invented by people of Kos
1.1
public displays
5.1.10.1; 5.1.18.2
teaching (taʿlīm), teacher (muʾaddib, muʿallim, mudarris, shaykh, ustādh), student/pupil (mushtaghil, mutaʿallim, tilmīdh)
3.1; 3.2; 4.5.2; 5.1.16.2; 5.1.37 nos. 7–10, 36; 6.1.1; 6.3.1–6.4; 8.29.3; 10.37.3; 10.66.1; 13.63.6; 14.22.4.1; 14.25.5; 14.25.8; 15.1.5 no. 93; 15.36.1.1; 15.37.1; 15.40.7; 15.40.8 nos. 2,3; 15.50.3; 15.50.5; 15.51.2; 15.50.6; 50.51.9 nos. 14, 22
medicinal earths, terra sigillata (al-ṭīn al-makhtūm)
5.1.21.1; ṭīn, probably ‘Khurāsānī clay’ 7.9.2
medicine, definition of
8.20.8
melancholia see mental and emotional disorders
melon see fruit
memory (ḥifẓ)
4.4.2.1; 4.6.11 no. 84; 8.20.6; 8.26.14; 8.30.6. no. 11
menstruation (ḥayḍ)
retained menstruation (ḥayḍ muḥtabas)
1.1
mental and emotional disorders
agitation (qalaq)
1.2
anxiety, worry (hamm)
1.1; 4.1.8.2 no. 29; 5.1.34 nos. 1, 3, 6
corruption of the mind (fasād al-ʿaql)
10.8.10
delusions
10.66.2
disorder of the mind (ikhtilāṭ)
10.23.2
distress (karb)
1.2
melancholia, melancholy (ghalabat al-sawdāʾ/hamm)
8.26.20 no. 44; 10.1.12.no. 3; 10.66.2; 11.13.3.3; 13.1
al-waswās al-sawdāwī
4.1.3.3
hypochondria, melancholic (maraḍ al-marāqqiyyā)
10.13.6; 10.13.7; 15.40.9 no. 157
sadness, grief, sorrow (ḥuzn)
1.1
(ghamm)
4.1.8.2 no. 29; 5.1.34 nos. 1,2,3,5
see also insomnia; vertigo
Mercury (ʿUṭarid)
14.25.1; 15.1.4
metaphysics (al-ʿilm al-ilāhī, mā baʿd al-ṭabīʿah)
4.1.11.4; 4.4.1; 4.4.2.4; 4.6.3.1; 4.6.4.2; 10.46.1; 10.46.4 no. 3; 10.69.4 no. 2; 11.5.8; 11.5.25 nos. 76, 77, 80, 81, 145, 151, 152, 174; 11.13.2.8; 11.13.3.7; 11.13.7.8 nos. 2, 83; 13.59.2.2; 13.59.2.3; 13.66.6 no. 7; 13.66.6 nos. 9, 10, 37; 14.22.4.1; 14.22.4.3; 14.22.5.1 nos. 3, 4; 14.25.9 no. 91; 14.27.2; 14.27.4 no. 3; 15.1.3.2; 15.1.5 nos. 44, 73; 15.40.9 nos. 159, 166; 15.59 no. 3
meteorology (al-āthār al-ʿulwiyyah)
13.59.4 no. 2; 14.22.4.1; 14.22.5.1 no. 16; 15.1.5 no. 26
mezereon (māzariyūn)
1.9; 10.62.2–3
midget
8.5.2
Mihrajān (Persian feast of vernal equinox)
8.21.2
milk (laban, albān)
8.6; 8.12; 8.29.22 no. 58; 10.10.1; 11.5.25 no. 200; 14.25.9 no. 14; 15.15
asses’ milk (laban al-utun)
14.25.9 no. 18
churned (makhīḍ)
8.26.6
fresh (laban ḥalīb)
8.4.6
sour milk, yoghurt (laban)
8.3.12; 8.26.16; 13.1.2
water buffalo milk (laban al-jawāmīs)
14.3; 14.4.1
milkwort see spurge
Milky Way (al-majarrah)
10.51.2; 14.22.5.2 nos. 46, 62; 14.25.9. no. 63
mint (nammām)
8.4.7
see also aromatic plants
mirror (mirʾāh)
4.5.3 no. 36; 10.1.14 nos. 98, 108, 262; 10.44.5 no. 43; 13.63.8.1; 14.22.5.1 no. 18; 14.22.5.2 nos. 18, 19; 15.8.3
monk (rāhib pl. ruhbān)
7.8.3; 8.3.10; 8.3.16; 8.3.20; 8.25.8; 8.26.7; 8.26.8; 8.26.9; 10.31; 10.38.6 no. 1; 10.69; 13.13; 13.21.2.2; 13.36.2.4; 14.14.2; 14.49.2; 15.43.2
monkey see ape
monkshood see aconite
moon (qamar)
7.8.2; 8.4.13; 8.29.22 no. 55; 10.1.14 nos. 80, 231; 10.3.14 nos. 93, 101; 14.22.5.2 nos. 6, 49, 82; 14.25.1
new or crescent moon (hilāl)
5.2.1; 10.1.14 no. 61; 10.3.14 no. 64; 13.58.4.6; 14.22.5.2 nos. 20, 21; 15.33; 15.33 no. 2
full moon (badr)
13.58.4.9; 13.63.8.2; 14.39.3
mountains (jibāl)
10.2.4 no. 28; 10.3.14 no. 1; 15.51.11 no. 6
mouse (faʾr)
1.3.2n; 14.4.1; 14.25.9 no. 57
mukhammasah (strophic poem)
15.58.6
mule (baghl)
8.5.2; 8.5.5; 8.26.16; 8.29.20; 10.83.3; 14.4.3; 14.31.5; 14.44.3; 14.51.2; 15.23.3; 15.49.2; 15.50.3; 15.50.5
murder see killing
music: musical melodies (mūsīqī, luḥūn mūsīqiyyah)
1.1; 4.3.1; 4.3.2; 10.1.14 nos. 55, 59, 60; 10.2.4 nos. 13, 14, 23; 10.3.14 nos. 40–42; 10.44.2; 10.64.9; 11.5.25 no. 180; 11.13.3.10; 11.13.7.8 no. 47; 13.50; 13.58.1; 13.58.5. no. 7; 13.59.114.22.5.1 no. 9; 15.1.1.3; 15.1.5 nos. 35, 38; 15.8.1; 15.9; 15.14; 15.18.1.1; 15.51.1; 15.51.4
music, as cure for ailments
1.1
musical composition (taʾlīf al-luḥūn)
10.1.4; 10.1.14 no. 55
musical pipe (ālat al-zamr)
10.3.14 no. 128
musk (misk)
8.4.6; 8.20.6; 13.58.4.7; 13.63.8.2
mustard (khardal)
8.4.9; 10.23.2
muwashshaḥāt (strophic poems)
13.63.1; 13.63.8.2; 13.68.2; 15.11.3 no. 8
myrobalan, a kind of plum (ihlīlaj or halīlaj)
napkin (mindīl, mandīl)
8.32.2
nard see spikenard
nativities (horoscopes, mawālīd)
10.1.14 nos. 66, 68, 168, 169; 12.1 no. 2; 12.2; 12.4; 14.25.1
nausea see gastro-intestinal complaints
Nawrūz, Nayrūz (Persian New Year)
8.4.11; 8.21.2; 15.31.5
needle (ibrah)
10.64.19.9; 10.65.3
nosebleed (ruʿāf)
1.2; 5.1.29.2; 15.3.1
numbers (aʿdād)
4.4.2.2 no. 11; 4.5.1; 10.1.4 10.1.14 nos. 36–38, 107; 10.2.4 no. 16; 10.3.14 no. 46; 13.5.1; 13.6.1.1; 13.6.2; 13.7; 13.8; 13.9; 13.38.1; 13.45; 13.50; 14.22.4.2 no. 23; 15.31.6 no. 22
see also arithmetic
numbness (khadar)
5.1.18.3; 13.65; 14.48
oath (ʿahd, ḥalf, yamīn)
4.1.1; 4.1.2; 4.1.3.1; 8.29.7; 8.32.3; 10.64.3; 11.13.3.2 no. 36; 13.58.4.2; 13.63.5; 15.58.2
oath of allegiance (bayʿah)
8.10.3; 11.13.3.7; 11.13.6; 11.13.8
obesity
8.8.5
cure by induced fear
8.8.5
occult properties (khawāṣṣ)
8.6; 8.29.22 no. 108; 12.1; 13.61.4
oculist
5.2.1; 8.24; 13.2.1; 13.65; 14.17; 14.34.1; 14.34.2; 14.44.3; 15.11.1; 15.11.2; 15.25; 15.33; 15.36.1; 15.50.3; 15.51.1
container of eye medicines (mukḥulah)
14.44.3
oculist’s bag (ʿuddat al-kuḥl)
14.34.2
oleander (diflā)
1.11
olives, olive tree (zaytūn)
1.7; 13.63.4
olive oil (zayt)
15.48
omens (sawāniḥ)
10.1.14 no. 104
onager (ʿayr)
13.58.4.4
onions (baṣal)
7.8.3
ophthalmology see art of treating eye diseases; eye ailments
opium (afyūn/abyūn)
1.8; 5.1.21.1; 8.20.11; 15.50.4
optic nerve (ʿaṣab al-ʿayn)
8.5.2; 8.5.6 no. 3
optics (ʿilm al-manāẓir)
10.1.14 nos. 86, 117; 11.5.25 no. 18; 14.22.4.2 no. 5; 14.22.5.2 nos. 3, 27
organ (musical instrument, urghun)
15.14
ornithomancy (zajr)
10.1.14 no. 40; 10.3.8
orpiment (zarnīkh, zirnīkh)
8.29.2
orpine ‘Livelong’/‘Everlasting’ (Ḥayy al-ʿālam) a variety of sedum
1.9
overeating (biṭnah)
7.1.5
ox (thawr)
1.11; 5.1.35 no. 16
oxymel, a syrup made of honey and vinegar (sakanjubīn or sakanjabīn)
8.3.15; 8.4.8; 8.27.2; 14.42.2
pain
earache
13.21.2.2
pain in the joints
8.5.2; 12.6
pain in the back
12.5
pain in the knees
12.5
stabbing pain (wajaʿ nākhis)
6.3.3
throbbing ache (ḍarabān)
10.5.4
see also headache; eye ailments; gastro-intestinal complaints; gout
paleness, cure of
15.36.1.3
palsy see tremor
panacea see theriac; see bezoar
paper (waraq, qirṭās, ruqʿah, ṭirs)
8.26.6; 8.26.15; 8.29.21; 8.29.22; 8.32.3
paralysis
convulsions, cramping (al-shanāj/al-tashannuj)
13.62.2.3
drooping head (tasaqquṭ al-raʾs)
5.1.34 no. 8
inability to walk, weakness of movement
15.10
lassitude; looseness of the limbs (istirkhāʾ)
10.13.2; 10.23.2; 10.36
paralysis, partial (fālij/falaja), hemiplegia
4.1.7; 8.3.3; 8.8.3; 8.8.4; 8.26.16; 8.26.17; 8.30.3; 10.13.2; 10.23.2; 10.36; 12.5; 14.25.9 nos. 42 and 68; 14.54.7; 14.56.2; 15.23.4.2
a hemiplegic (maflūj)
15.8.13(p); 15.42
paralysis of face (laqwah)
10.13.2; 10.23.2; 10.36
paralysis of arm/ paralysis of limbs
8.3
paralysis and slackness of tongue
15.50.5
tremors, trembling, the palsy (irtiʿāsh)
12.5 (rajafān) 14.14.2
see also epilepsy, numbness, rigidity
paronomasia (tajnīs)
11.13.5; 13.63.8.1; 15.58
patrons/patronage
5.1.7; 5.1.10.1; 5.1.37 nos. 20, 27, 28, 37, 167
peacock (ṭāwūs)
8.26.8 and see under meat
penis, swollen
13.21.2.1
penis, ulcerated
13.22
pepper (filfil)
8.3.6
perfumes, scents (rawāʾiḥ ṭayyibah, ṭīb, ʿiṭr, lakhālikh)
4.1.11.2; 4.4.2.2 no. 4; 8.3.13; 8.3.22; 8.4.2; 8.4.7; 8.29.19; 9.9 no. 2; 10.1.14 no. 252, 253; 13.68.2; 14.14.3
musk-and-ambergris perfume (ghāliyah)
8.9; 15.48
oil of the ben tree (duhn bān)
15.48
nadd
10.64.3
Persian language (fārisiyyah)
8.1.1; 8.2; 8.3.11; 8.5.2; 8.25.6; 8.29.4; 9.2; 10.37.3; 10.64.1; 11.2; 11.13.7.8 no. 68; 11.19.1; 12.2 no. 1; 12.3. no. 1; 12.5; 15.51.2
pestilential disease (ṭāʿūn, pl ṭawāʿīn/wabāʾ/awbāʾ/amrāḍ fāshiyah)
1.12; 5.1.10.2; 5.9; 10.1.14 no. 155; 10.4.4.2; 10.38.4; 11.8; 14.14.3; 14.25.3; 15.50.3
see also famine
pharmaceutical terms: see drug; emetics; enema; syrup
philosopher (faylasūf, pl. falāsifah, mutafalsif)
2.1.6.2; 4.6.7.1; 4.6.9; 7.2.2; 8.2; 8.5.3; 8.29.22 nos. 12, 61, 87; 10.1.1.1; 10.1.4; 10.1.6; 10.1.14 nos. 194, 202, 267, 279; 10.3.6; 10.19; 10.37.1; 10.44.1; 10.44.5 nos. 23, 62; 10.51.1; 10.67.1; 10.75.3; 11.5.15; 11.5.25 nos. 41, 184; 11.8.4; 11.8.6 no. 6; 11.19.7 no. 21; 12.5; 13.1.2; 13.10; 13.29.2; 13.36.3 no. 4; 13.39; 13.41; 13.48; 14.25.9 no. 90; 15.1.1; 15.1.1.3; 15.1.5 no. 39; 15.3.1; 15.8.1; 15.17; 15.43.2
philosophy (falsafah)
4.3.6.2; 4.6.4.1–4.6.5.3; 5.1.18.1; 7.2.1; 8.29.15; 10.1.2; 10.1.14 nos. 1–4, 24; 10.2.4 no. 43; 10.3.3; 10.3.11; 10.37.5 nos. 37, 38; 10.44.2; 10.58.2; 10.78; 11.5.7; 11.5.9; 11.5.23 nos. 4, 148; 11.9.3 no. 2; 11.13.2.2; 11.13.2.3; 11.13.2.7; 13.29.1; 13.30; 13.31; 13.38.2; 13.46; 13.59.2.1; 14.22.4.1; 14.22.4.4; 14.25.9 no. 23; 14.25.9 no. 75; 14.27.2; 15.1.1.2; 15.1.5 nos. 31, 49, 56, 85, 95, 98; 15.18.1; 15.40.3; 15.47.1
(al-ʿulūm al-ḥikmiyyah, al-kutub al-ḥikmiyyah, ḥikmah)
9.6; 9.23; 10.6; 10.18; 10.22.1.1; 10.23.1; 10.35; 10.37.2; 10.37.3; 10.38.1; 10.38.3; 10.46.1; 10.51.2; 10.58.1; 10.66.9 no. 1; 10.67.1; 10.70; 10.75.1; 10.81.1; 10.83.1; 10.83.4; 10.83.7 no. 6; 11.3; 11.5.25 nos. 191, 193; 11.7; 11.8.2; 11.9.1; 11.13.3.2 no. 34; 11.13.7.8 nos. 6, 15, 16, 75, 76; 11.14; 11.15; 11.17; 11.19.1; 11.20; 13.42; 13.63.5; 13.65; 13.66.3; 13.66.6 no. 26; 13.76; 14.14.2; 14.21; 14.22.2; 14.23.1; 14.24; 14.27.1; 14.30; 14.42.1; 14.48.1; 14.54.1; 14.57.1; 15.1.1; 15.1.1.1; 15.1.1.3; 15.1.3.2; 15.3.1; 15.5; 15.8.1; 15.17; 15.19; 15.20; 15.21; 15.22; 15.23.1; 15.29; 15.30; 15.31.1; 15.31.6 nos. 9, 10, 11; 15.33; 15.40.3; 15.48; 15.51.1; 15.51.2; 15.52.1; 15.59
phlebotomy see bloodletting
phlegm (balgham)
14.26.3 no. 3; 14.54.7
repletion of (al-imtilāʾ min al-balgham)
10.8.4
abnormal phlegm (al-khām)
12.5
see also humours
physicians
physician attending in women’s quarters
8.1; 8.25; 13.21.1; 14.4.3; 14.4.4
physicians, feuds between
8.20
physicians, examination of
10.4
physician’s shop see apothecary’s shop
revenue and payments to court physicians
8.3.22; 8.5.2; 8.8.1; 8.10.3; 8.12.1; 8.13.3; 8.23.1; 8.24; 8.25.5; 8.26.2; 8.26.16; 8.29.5; 8.29.7; 8.29.11; 8.29.20; 10.3; 14.18; 14.31.5; 14.34.2; 14.57.1; 15.3.1.6; 15.15; 15.23.3; 15.36.1; 15.50.1; 15.50.3; 15.52.1
physiognomy (firāsah)
4.1.6; 8.29.22 no. 105; 10.1.14 no. 154; 11.19.7 no. 67
pickled dishes (bawādir)
8.3.7
pilgrimage, hajj (ḥajj)
7.6; 8.3.8; 8.3.10; 8.9; 10.37.3; 10.44.5 no. 20; 13.86.2; 15.24; 15.40.7; 15.51.5
pistachio nuts (fustuq)
7.7.2; 7.9.2; 8.18.4
plagues see pestilential disease
plants (nabāt)
4.1.3.4; 4.1.11.1; 11.5.23 no. 3; 13.53; 13.59.4 no. 5; 13.64.1; 13.86.1; 14.14.1; 14.58.1; 14.58.2; 15.40.9 no. 34; 15.45.4
botany (ʿilm al-nabāt)
13.86.1; 14.58.1
fleabane (qūnūrā)
2.1.6.3
herbalist (ʿashshāb)
14.58.3
laurel or sweet bay (ghār)
2.1.6.3
seeds of (ḥabb al-ghār)
1.3.2
Pleiades (al-Najm, al-Thurayyā)
10.69.3.7; 13.58.4.4; 13.58.4.5; 13.58.4.6; 15. 17 vs. 54; AII.1
pleurisy see respiratory and throat ailments
plums see fruit
poison, poisoning (samm)
1.3.2n; 7.5.1; 7.5.2; 7.5.5; 7.5.6; 8.10.3; 8.34 no. 2; 10.1.14 no. 136; 10.44.5 no. 21; 11.5.25 no. 90.8; 12.2. no. 13; 12.3 no. 1; 13.1.1; 13.58.4.2; 13.63.7; 13.64.2.1; 14.14.5; 14.14.6; 14.39.4 no. 4
see also hemlock
Pole Star (al-Farqadān)
15.18.2
pomegranate see fruit
porcelain (ṣīnī)
8.4.11
porridge (ʿaṣīdah)
14.4.4
poultice (ḍimād)
hot poultice/dressing (ḍimād ḥārr)
10.36
precious stones, gems, jewels (jawāhir, ḥuliyy)
8.3.22; 8.26.20. no. 11; 10.1.14 nos. 241, 242; 1.15 no. 1; 15.15; 15.57.2 no. 1
balas ruby, spinel (balakhsh)
15.18.1.3
predestination, Fate (qadar)
8.29.22 no. 78; 11.19.7 no. 19; 13.58.4.4; 15.30 no. 1
prison see imprisonment
prognosis (taqdimat al-maʿrifah)
8.3.11; 13.24.1; 14.54.4
by pulse
15.23.4.2; 15.36.1.4
prognosis from weight of excrement
8.20.11
prophethood (nubuwwah)
4.3.1; 7.2.1; 7.2.2; 10.44.2; 14.22.5.1 no. 7; 14.25.9 no. 80; 15.31.4
prophets (anbiyāʾ)
8.5.3; 8.5.6 no. 6; 8.29.16; 8.29.22 no. 97; 10.2.2.2; 15.51.9 no. 3
prosody (ʿarūḍ)
13.4
providence (ʿināyah ilāhiyyah)
7.2.1
psychosomatic ailments
8.3.3; 10.66.2; 14.14.4; 14.14.5; 14.54.12
psychological cures
8.4.11 (for hiccups); 8.8.5 (for obesity)
pumpkin see squash
pungent food (muḥarrafāt)
10.23.2
punkah (khaysh)
8.4.6; 8.4.7
purging (istifrāgh)
13.2.2.1; 14.54.7
two methods of (istifrāghayn)
1.2
purgation (is′hāl)
10.27; 10.36
purgative (dawāʾ mus′hil)
8.25.4; 10.36
pus (ṣadīd)
10.66.3; 13.21.2.1
pyramids (ahrām) and Egyptian temples (barābī)
1.5; 2.1.4
qīthārah (lyre-like instrument)
14.36.1
quatrain see dūbayt
quicklime see depilatory paste
quince see fruit
rain (maṭar)
4.6.3.3; 5.1.36 no. 1; 10.1.14 no. 268; 10.69.3.11; 14.27.4 no. 2; 15.46.2
rainbow (qaws quzaḥ)
8.29.22 no. 96; 11.8.6 no. 7; 14.22.5.2 no. 8
rajaz see urjūzah
Ramadan (Ramaḍān)
8.3.10; 8.20.6; 14.54.10; 15.35; 15.57.2
rays (shuʿāʿāt)
10.1.14 nos. 72, 73; 11.3
reason see intellect
reducing luxations see bone-setting
reed-pipes (zamr and mizmār)
1.1
regimen (tadbīr)
3.5; 6.3.4; 7.1.5; 7.9.3; 7.9.4; 10.8.2; 10.8.5; 10.8.10; 10.13.2; 10.23.2; 10.36; 10.46.2; 10.76
religions, interrelations of
4.6.7.1; 5.1.7; 5.1.14
respiratory, head, and throat ailments
asthma (rabw)
5.1.29.3
bad breath
8.4.11
breathlessness (ḍīq al-nafas)
5.1.29.3; 6.3.3; 13.1.2; 13.22; 14.25.9 no. 54
severe shortness of breath (ḍīq nafas shadīd)
5.1.29.3; 10.8.5
difficult breathing (al-tanaffus al-shadīd)
14.25.9 no. 54
catarrh, head cold (nazlah/nazlah ṣaʿbah/nazlah min rāʾsihi)
5.1.29.3; 7.8.3; 15.40.4
choking, obstruction in throat
8.4.11
cough, coughing (suʿāl)
5.1.29.3; 6.3.3; 14.9 no. 2
pleurisy (shawṣah/birsām)
5.1.34 no. 8; 10.1.12 no. 3; (dhāt al-janb) 6.3.3; 15.37.1; 15.40.4; (mubarsam) AII.1
putrid or bad humours (akhlāṭ radīʾah) in the chest(ṣadr)
1.1
snake caught in throat
13.88.2
see also nosebleed
retching see gastro-intestinal complaints
rhetoric, eloquence (balāghah)
4.6.3.1; 4.6.5.1–2; 8.29.15; 9.15; 10.1.14 no. 275; 13.50; 15.11.3 no. 6; 15.31.1; 15.40.9 no. 24
rhetoric, oratory (khaṭābah, khiṭābah)
10.37.5 no. 7; 15.1.5 nos. 3, 23, 63
rhythm (īqāʿ)
10.1.14 no. 56; 15.1.5 nos. 36, 37
rice (aruzz)
8.19.5
riddle (lughz pl. alghāz)
4.3.3; 4.5.2; 10.3.14 no. 149; 10.64.19.9; 10.64.19.10; 10.65.3; 15.8.10; 15.11.3 no. 9; 15.23.5 no. 5; 15.51.10.3; 15.57.2; 15.58.5
letter riddle (taṣḥīf)
8.26.16
rigidity, stiffness, rigor, petrifaction (jumūd)
10.23.2
robe of honour (khilʿah)
8.1.1; 8.1.2; 8.2; 8.4.10; 8.5.2; 8.8.1; 8.10.3; 8.29.7; 8.29.20; 8.34; 10.10.2; 10.76.2; 11.13.3.3; 11.19.3; 14.18; 14.31.2; 14.31.5; 14.54.6; 15.15; 15.23.3; 15.42; 15.49.6; 15.50.3; 15.51.4; 15.51.8
Roman empire, border (ḥadd arḍ al-Rūm)
5.1.16.1
Roman villas (buyūt)
5.1.16.3
rose water (māʾ al-ward)
8.4.6; 8.4.7; 8.8.2; 8.27.2; 10.5.4; 11.13.7.6; 14.54.3; 15.50.2
rue (sadhāb)
1.11
rumbling in the belly see gastro-intestinal complaints
sadness see mental and emotional disorders
saffron, essence of (khalūq)
5.1.29.1; 8.4.7
St. John’s-wort, hypericum (al-dādhī)
8.19.5
salt (milḥ), salty (māliḥ), saltiness (mulūḥāh)
4.4.4 no. 58; 8.3.10; 8.4.12; 8.26.7; 8.29.22 no. 81; 10.3.9; 10.3.14 no. 9; 10.23.2; 13.2.2.1; 14.54.11
salve see medicinal paste
sandalwood (ṣandal)
8.4.6; 8.4.7; 15.48
Sanskrit (al-lisān al-Hindī, lughat al-Hind)
12.2 no. 1; 12.3 no. 1; 12.4; 12.5
Saturn (Zuḥal)
7.8.2; 10.1.14 no. 165; 10.38.4; 11.13.7.9.; 13.58.4.8; 14.25.1; 15.1.4
sauce (ṣalṣ)
14.54.11
scabies see skin conditions
scammony (saqamūniyāʾ)
1.6; 8.3.6; 8.4.12; 8.20.9
scents see perfumes
scorpion (ʿaqrab, pl. ʿaqārib)
10.1.9.4; 10.13.4; 13.2.2.2; 14.14.6
yellow scorpion (jarrārah)
14.14.6
scorpions, burned – cure for kidney stones
13.2
senses (ḥawāss)
8.25.7; 10.1.14 no. 274; 11.5.25 no. 99; 15.40.9 nos. 89, 152
sensibles, particular (maḥsūsāt juzʾiyyah)
7.2.2
serpent (tinnīn)
2.1.6.3
sexual attraction
7.1.4
sexual intercourse (bāh, bāʾ, ityān al-nisāʾ, ghishyān al-nisāʾ, jimāʿ, mujāmaʿah, nikāḥ, al-takhlīṭ maʿa l-ḥuram, tanāsul)
4.1.6; 4.1.8.1 no. 16; 7.1.4; 7.1.5; 7.8.3; 7.9.3; 7.9.4; 8.3.3; 8.3.4; 8.3.24; 8.6; 8.26.19; 8.29.22 no. 61; 10.3.13; 10.22.4 no. 7; 10.40 no. 2; 10.44.5 no. 3; 10.69.3.1; 11.5.25 nos. 88, 89, 220; 11.13.3.18; 11.16 no. 1.15; 11.21 no. 8; 14.3; 14.25.9 no. 35; 15.8.14; 15.10.3; 15.39 no. 1; 15.46.3.6; 15.46.4 nos. 2, 3
shadows (aẓlāl)
10.3.14 no. 74; 10.64.19.9; 11.15 no. 12; 14.22.4.2 no. 21; 14.22.5.2 no. 36
shoes (shamashk, shamshak, tamashk, tamshak)
15.8.3; 15.17
siglaton fabric (siqlāṭūn)
8.5.2
silk (ḥarīr)
13.68.2
raw silk (ibrīsam)
13.58.2.1
silver (fiḍḍah)
8.3.7; 8.3.17; 8.4.6; 8.5.2; 8.26.17; 8.29.5; 8.29.10; 10.1.14 no. 269; 11.5.17; 11.5.25 no. 82; 14.31.2; 14.31.4; 14.54.6; 14.54.14; 15.3.1.6
silver dirham (dirham) passim
singing, song (ghināʾ, ṣawt)
8.29.11; 10.1.12; 10.2.4 no. 10; 15.8.1
singers, songstresses (mughannūn, qiyān, mughanniyāt)
8.3.16; 8.29.11; 10.2.4 nos. 10, 53; 10.65.3; 15.56.1
Sirius (al-Shiʿrā)
10.69.3.10; 10.69.4 no. 4; 14.25.1
skin conditions
carbuncle (jamrah)
14.28
erysipelas (warishkīn or warshkīn), an acute dermatological infection but also an non-specific skin ailment
8.3.11
scabies, severe itching (jarab)
4.1.7; 8.26.6; 8.26.7
scrofula (khanāzīr)
5.1.18.3
whitlow (dāḥis)
10.66.3
yellow skin
13.62.2.2
see also leprosy; measles; paleness; ulceration
slave/servant (ghulām, jāriyah, mamlūk)
4.1.4; 4.4.2.4; 4.6.6.2; 8.3.3; 8.4.6; 8.5.2; 8.8.1; 8.10.2; 8.15.2; 8.19.3; 8.25.1; 8.25.8; 8.26.15; 8.29.2; 10.38.6 no. 2; 11.8.4; 11.13.8 no. 61; 11.19.6.1; 12.6; 13.19.3; 13.36.2.3; 14.1; 15.8.7; 15.51.3
see also eunuch
sleep (nawm)
7.9.1; 7.9.4; 8.3.10; 8.16. no. 4; 8.18.4; 8.29.10; 8.29.19; 8.39; 10.1.14 no. 195; 10.2.4 no. 31; 10.13.3; 10.44.5 no. 30; 10.46.4 no. 14; 10.70 no. 2; 11.12; 11.13.2.8; 12.6; 13.3.4 no. 14; 13.88.2
prolonged sleep (subāt)
5.1.37 no. 106; 5.1.39 no. 176
see also insomnia
smallpox (judarī/jadarī)
10.46
ḥumayqāʾ, another form of pox, related to judarī and ḥaṣbah (measles)
10.46
snake, viper, serpent (ḥayyah, afʿān, thuʿbān)
1.8; 1.10; 1.11; 7.1.2; 11.5.12; 12.2. no. 13; 13.88.2; 14.14.5; 14.14.6; 14.54.8; 15.23.4.1
snakebite (nahsh al-afāʿī wa-l-ḥayyāt)
1.8; 14.14.5
viper’s flesh (luḥūm al-afāʿī)
1.8
see also serpent
sneezewort (kundus)
12.6
sneezing, induced to rouse from unconsciousness
14.64.3
snow see ice
sorcerers (sāḥir, pl. saḥarah)
1.1
of Babel
1.1.n
of the Yemen
1.1
sorrow see mental and emotional disorders
soul (nafs)
4.1.8.3; 4.3.2; 4.4.2.2; 4.4.2.3 nos. 5; 4.4.4 nos. 2–4
soup (of date and milk, farīqah)
7.1.1
spasms see paralysis
speech impediment, foreign accent (luknah), mistakes (laḥn)
4.3.5 no. 30; 5.1.18.2; 8.10.1; 9.26; 13.19.2.2
(luthghah)
10.1.14 no. 159
(thiqal fī l-lisān)
15.50.5
spices (afāwīh, tawābil)
4.1.11.1; 8.4.7
spikenard (sunbul) or nard
1.11
spleen see gastro-intestinal complaints
spring (rabīʿ)
11.5.25 no. 15
spurge (yatūʿ), a collective name for plant species that contain milky sap, including the spurge or milkwort family
1.2
squash, gourd, pumpkin (qarʿ)
8.3.15; 8.4.9; 8.26.11
stomach, weakness of see gastro-intestinal complaints
stomachic see digestive; also purgatives
‘stone of the eagle’, the ‘eagle stone’ (ḥajar al-ʿuqāb), a stone that rattles
1.10
‘stone of jaundice’ (ḥajar al-yaraqān), unidentified
1.10
stone crop see orpine
stroke see apparent death
Sufi robe (khirqah)
15.51.7
sugar (sukkar)
8.27.2; 10.13.3
sugar syrup (ʿasal ṭabarzad)
10.30
sumac (summāq)
1.2
dish with (summāqiyyah)
10.8.7
sun (shams)
7.1.5; 8.4.12; 8.20.5; 8.29.12; 8.29.22 no. 55; 10.1.14 no. 80; 10.3.4; 10.3.14 no. 75; 11.5.25 nos. 15, 100, 193; 14.25.1; 15.49.5
sun, observation of
10.3
sundial (rukhāmah)
10.1.14 no. 101; 10.3.14 nos. 100, 112; 14.22.5.2 nos. 11, 66
surgery (al-aʿmāl bi-l-yad)
14.17; 14.31.1; 15.23.4.2
surgeon (jarāʾiḥī)
15.3.1.1; 15.23.4.2
surveying (misāḥah) see under geometry
sweet bay see plants
sweet pudding (fālūdhaj)
8.8.1
sweetness (ḥalāwah)
13.2.2.1
sweets (ḥalwā)
8.3.7; 8.4.7; 8.25.3; 14.25.9 no. 103
swelling (waram)
8.26.17; 8.27.3
inflammed, hot (waram ḥarr)
1.9; 11.5.2
swelling of forearm
10.5.4
syllogism, analogy (qiyās, miqyās)
4.6.4.2; 4.6.5.1; 10.3.14 no. 51; 10.21 no. 2; 11.13.2.7; 13.66.6 no. 30; 14.22.4.1; 14.22.4.3 no. 6; 14.25.9 no. 77; 15.1.5 nos. 6, 11, 14, 15, 82, 106; 15.17 vss. 20, 28; 15.40.9 nos. 134, 135, 144, 145, 147, 148, 163; 15.47.2.1
syntax see Arabic language
Syriac language ([al-lughah] al-suryāniyyah)
4.2n; 4.3.6.2n; 5.1.37 nos. 101, 115; 8.4.1; 8.19.1; 8.20.10; 8.22; 8.29.2; 8.29.3; 8.29.4; 8.29.8; 8.29.22 nos. 6, 16; 8.23.1; 9.2; 9.25; 9.34; 9.39; 10.3.5; 10.3.12; 10.3.14 nos. 27, 129, 133, 134; 10.4.9 no. 20; 10.20; 10.21; 10.22.1.2; 10.44.3; 10.64.1; 11.8.2; 15.2
syrup, or sweet fruit drink (sharāb, pl. ashribah)
rose syrup (sharāb al-ward)
1.7
Dīnārī potion (sharāb Dīnārī)
10.41
see also oxymel
tamarisk charcoal (faḥm al-ghaḍā)
8.4.6
tamarisk fruit see fruit
tarantula (rutaylāʾ)
14.14.6
tastes, flavours (ṭuʿūm, madhāqāt)
5.1.37 no. 53; 8.29.22 no. 73; 9.9 no. 2; 11.5.25 no. 203
teaching of medicine see medical knowledge
teeth and gums
5.1.19; 5.2.2 no. 15; 8.29.22 nos. 46, 100
discharges from (nazlah fī asnānihi)
14.54.6
temperament (mizāj)
10.36
a change in (taghayyur mizāj)
10.36; 14.42.2
temple (haykal)
2.1.2; 4.3.4.3; 4.4.2.3; 4.6.2.1; 4.6.7.1; 5.1.9; 8.29.6
terra sigillata see medicinal earths
therapeutic methods see bloodletting; cupping; music; purging
theriac, antidote, panacea (tiryāq)
1.3.2; 1.8; 5.1.32; 8.17; 15.45.2
bezoar (bādzahr or bādazuhr)
1.11n
‘great theriac’ (al-tiryāq al-kabīr)
13.79; 13.86.2
‘mithridatum’ (mitrūdaytūs)
8.20.11
Theriac of Anthora (al-tiryāq al-antulah) based on aconite
13.62.1
tiryāq al-fārūq (a theriac of some 80 ingredients)
14.14.1; 14.14.3; 14.32.1; 14.49.2; 14.54.6; 14.54.7
theriac called ‘Saviour of souls’ (Mukhalliṣ al-nufūs)
14.14.6
‘Theriac of the Fifty Ingredients’ (al-tiryāq al-khamsīnī)
13.63.3
‘Theriac of Seventy [Drugs]’ (al-tiryāq al-sabʿīnī)
13.62.1
thunder (raʿd)
10.1.14 no. 268
thunderbolt (ṣāʿiqah)
10.1.14 no. 268
thyme (al-ṣaʿtar) or wild marjoram – a general term for various species, including thyme, wild marjoram and rue
1.11
ticklishness (daghdaghah)
8.29.22 no. 71
time (zamān)
4.6.13.1; 4.8.2 no. 35; 10.69.4 no. 6; 11.5.25 no. 74; 13.66.6 no. 38
toothbrush, toothpick (siwāk)
7.9.4; 8.26.20. no. 35
toothpick (khilāl)
8.4.12; 10.62.3
Traditions, Prophetic (Ḥadīth)
10.1.4; 10.2.1
translation (naql, tarjamah, ḥall)
4.1.7; 4.1.9.2 no. 11; 4.1.10.3; 4.8.1; 5.1.7–5.1.8.1; 5.1.32; 5.1.37; 5.1.37 nos. 101, 105, 107, 114, 115, 129; 5.1.39; 5.1.39 nos. 167; 5.1.40; 6.5.1; 6.5.2; 8.1.1; 8.1.2; 8.4.1; 8.19.1; 8.22; 8.26.3; 8.29.3; 8.29.4; 8.29.5; 8.29.6; 8.29.7; 8.29.8; 8.29.9; 8.29.13; 8.29.15; 8.29.20; 8.29.22 nos. 6, 7, 16, 79; 8.30.1; 8.31; 8.32.1; 9 passim; 10.3.5; 10.3.14 no. 27; 10.4.9 no. 20; 10.16; 10.22.1.2; 10.23.2; 10.33; 10.44.3; 11.2; 11.3; 11.8.2; 12.2; 12.3. no. 1; 12.4; 12.5; 13.36.2.1; 13.36.2.2; 13.36.2.3; 15.2
translator (mutarjim, turjumān, nāqil)
8.1.1; 8.2; 8.3.2; 8.3.20; 8.3.21; 8.4.2; 8.4.8; 8.25.1; 8.29.2; 8.29.3; 8.29.8; 8.29.16; 9 passim; 10.1.5; 10.23.1; 10.43; 11.3; 13.36.2.1
transmissible diseases see leprosy; measles; smallpox
treacle (sayalān)
8.4.7
tremors see paralysis
trees (shijāriyyāt)
13.53
Turkish language (turkī)
15.51.2
turmeric (zaʿfarān al-shiʿr)
8.4.7
ulcer (qarḥ pl qurūḥ/qarḥah)
5.1.29.1; 13.17; 13.62
ulcer, lethal (dubaylah qattālah)
5.9
ulcers, melancholic (qurūḥ sawdāwiyyah)
10.36; 10.38.4
ulcer, suppurating (dubaylah)
5.1.24.2; 13.62.2.3
ulcer or wound, spreading and inflammatory (naghlah)
13.62.2.3
ulceration (akilah)
14.56.2
ulceration of the bowel (saḥj)
11.13.3.18
ulcerous disease (maraḍ al-qurūḥ)
13.22
umm walad (slave-concubine who has borne a child to her owner)
7.8.2
universe (ʿālam, kull)
4.4.2.4; 4.5.1
urine (bawl, māʾ)
7.9.1; 8.1.1; 8.2; 8.3.16; 8.5.4; 8.7; 8.8.1; 8.10.2; 8.10.3; 8.10.4; 8.19.4; 8.20.11; 8.26.5; 8.26.11; 8.26.16; 8.27.3; 8.29.15; 8.29.33 nos. 35, 41; 10.8.5; 10.8.7; 10.36; 10.44.5 no. 48; 10.64.4; 11.18 no. 2; 13.1.3 no. 10, 13; 13.2.1; 13.2.3 no. 4; 13.3.2.2; 13.14; 13.21.2.1; 14.6; 14.25.8; 14.32.4; 15.39 no. 8; 15.40.9 no. 55; 15.47.1; 15.50.1
urination, burning (ḥirqat al-bawl)
10.64.4
urination, dribbling; possibly strangury (taqṭIr al-bawl)
12.5
urination, passing sand with (bawl al-raml)
10.64.4
see also diagnosis by urine
urjūzah (poem, often didactic, in rajaz metre)
10.64.7; 13.66.6 no. 5; 15.8.7; 15.10; 15.10 no. 2; 15.46.1; 15.46.4 no. 7
vacuum (khalāʾ)
11.5.25 no. 74; 15.1.5 no. 22
vegetables (buqūl)
7.1.3; 8.3.7; 8.29.22 no. 44
aubergine (bādhinjān)
10.64.3
carrots (jazar)
15.3.1.3
chard (silq)
8.30.2
chickpeas (ḥimmaṣ)
4.3.2; 14.44.3
cucumber (qiththāʾ)
8.19.5; 10.8.7
(khiyār)
8.26.11; 10.8.7; 11.5.25 no. 54
endive (hindibāʾ)
7.1.3; 8.20.12; 10.64.13; 11.13.3.2 no. 40; 11.13.7.8 no. 34; 14.54.10
lettuce (khass)
7.1.3
orache (sarmaq)
8.26.11
parsley (maqdūnis)
14.54.11
pulses, beans (qaṭānīy, māsh)
4.1.11.1; 8.3.15; 8.26.11
rhubarb (rāwand)
14.32.5 no. 6; 15.40.9 no. 73
vegetarian dishes (muzawwarāt, mazāwīr)
10.64.17.3; 15.42
venesection see bloodletting
venom see poison
Venus (al-Zuharah) the planet
8.4.13; 10.69.3.7; 13.58.4.6; 14.25.1
vermin (ḥasharāt, hawāmm)
10.1.14 no. 26411.5.25 no. 131
centipedes (dhawāt al-arbaʿ wa-l-arbaʿin rijlan)
14.14.6
vertigo, dizziness (sadar/duwār/hawas)
8.26.20 nos. 22, 23; 8.30.2
vinegar (khall)
8.8.2; 8.20.12; 10.64.13
vinegar stew (sikbāj)
8.8.6
viper see snake
vision, eyesight(baṣar)
1.7; 1.10
vizier (wazīr)
4.5.3 no. 6; 8.2; 8.3.22; 8.4.3; 8.4.4; 8.4.10; 8.4.13; 8.5.2; 8.5.3; 8.12.2; 8.25.2; 8.25.4; 8.25.5; 8.26.16; 8.29.12; 8.30.5; 8.32.3; 10.3.6; 10.3.14. no. 81; 10.4.4.1; 10.4.4.2; 10.4.5; 10.5.2; 10.5.3; 10.8.2; 10.13.3; 10.13.5; 10.14.1; 10.14.2.2; 10.16; 10.48; 10.63.2; 10.63.3; 10.64.5; 10.64.19.2; 10.64.19.15; 10.64.19.16; 10.68.2.3; 10.68.2.5; 10.69.3.11; 10.69.4 no. 5; 10.76.2; 10.77.2; 10.77.3; 10.81.6 no. 2; 11.5.25 no. 211; 11.13.3.7; 11.19.5; 13.17; 13.20; 13.21.1; 13.21.2.1; 13.21.2.2; 13.29.2; 13.37; 13.39.1; 13.51.1; 13.51.2; 13.58.2.2; 13.63.1; 13.63.2; 13.63.7; 14.22.2; 14.29.2; 14.31.7; 14.32.2; 15.23.2; 15.29; 15.31.1; 15.40.3; 15.47.1; 15.48; 15.49.1; 15.49.2; 15.49.5; 15.49.6; 15.49.6.2; 15.50.1
vomiting, induced as cure
8.4.11; 8.4.12; 13.1.2; 13.88.2
see also gastro-intestinal complaints
washing one’s hands and feet (ghasl, ghusl)
7.8.3; 8.3.7
wasting disease (dhubūl/sill)
5.1.37 no. 72; 8.8.6; 8.20.12; 11.13.3.14
water, drinking (māʾ)
4.1.8.1 nos. 14, 15; 4.1.9.1 nos. 3, 6; 4.4.4 no. 58; 7.1.3; 7.1.5; 7.6; 7.8.3; 7.9.1; 7.9.3; 7.9.4; 8.3.10; 8.4.12; 8.26.17; 10.13.3; 10.42; 11.5.25 no. 90; 13.41; 14.32.5 no. 3; 15.3.1.2; 15.40.9 no. 62; 15.46.3.6
drinking upon awakening
8.3.10
weasel (ibn ʿirs)
1.11
wheat (ḥinṭah)
13.63.5; 15.40.9 no. 75
whitlow see skin conditions
wild marjoram see thyme
willow (ṣafṣāf)
8.4.6
winds (riyāḥ)
10.1.14 no. 224; 10.44.5 no. 18; 13.24.1
(hot wind, simoom, samūm pl. samāʾim)
10.1.14 no. 155; 11.5.25 no. 12; 13.35.4
wine (sharāb, mashrūb)
2.1.6.3; 7.1.3; 8.1.1; 8.3.13; 8.4.6; 8.4.7; 8.4.12; 8.26.2; 8.26.19; 8.27.4; 8.29.10; 10.37.5 no. 39; 10.51.6; 10.55 no. 1; 11.5.25 nos. 97, 159; 11.9.2.3; 11.13.2.8; 11.13.3.5; 11.13.3.15; 11.13.6; 11.13.7.6; 11.16 no. 1.20; 12.6; 15.8.1; 15.40.9 no. 76; 15.46.3.6
(khamr, rāḥ, ṭilāʾ, mudām)
1.8; 8.3.7; 8.3.22; 8.5.3; 8.5.6 no. 8; 8.8.2; 8.3.7; 8.26.15; 10.51.5; 10.56; 10.64.19.3; 10.64.19.6; 10.69.3.4; 10.69.3.9; 10.69.3.13; 11.9.2.3; 11.13.7.7; 13.1.3 no. 12; 13.51.3; 13.58.4.7; 13.63.8.2; 13.79; 14.54.15; 15.1.1.2; 15.1.4; 15.8.8; 15.18.2; 15.47.2.2; 15.51.10.1; 15.57.2; 15.58.3
date wine (nabīdh)
7.1.6; 8.3.15; 8.3.19; 8.4.7; 8.4.11; 8.9; 8.19.5; 8.27.4; 8.29.11; 10.17; 10.44.5 no. 6; 11.16 no. 1.22; 12.6; 13.58.4.5; 14.4.1; 15.8.3; 15.15
Ṭīzanābādh wine
8.3.7
wives resentful
14.23.2
wolf (dhiʾb)
14.4.1
wolf’s-bane see aconite
women (nisāʾ, niswah)
1.10; 4.1.3.1; 4.1.9.1 no. 7; 4.1.11.2; 4.3.2; 4.4.4 nos. 59, 61, 63, 64; 4.6.8; 5.1.12; 5.1.16.1; 5.1.21.1; 5.2.1; 7.1.2; 7.1.4; 7.1.5; 8.5.4; 8.25.7; 8.26.8; 8.26.20 nos. 24, 32; 8.28.4 no. 4; 10.2.2.1; 10.3.9; 10.13.5; 10.48; 11.5.25 no. 118; 12.2 nos. 8, 11; 13.21.1; 13.63.7; 13.63.8.2; 14.3; 14.4.3–4; 14.25.7; 14.27.4 no. 4; 14.54.5; 14.54.9; 15.18.1.1; 15.45.3
women, old (ajūz)
7.1.5; 7.9.1, 3, 4; 8.3.24; 8.26.19; 11.13.7.3; 15.8.14
see also ‘Days of the Old Woman’
women as patients
7.8.2; 8.25.6; 8.27.3; 5.1.21.1; 13.63.7; 14.1; 14.42.2; 14.54.4; 14.54.9; 14.54.12; 15.15; 15.50.1; 15.50.2; 15.51.8
women medical practitioners
4.1.11.2; 7.10; 13.63.7
worms (dūd)
1.11
wormwood (shīḥ)
15.3.1.1
wounds
7.10; 14.18
wound healing (ʿilāj al-jirāḥāt/ʿilm al-jirāḥ)
3.5; 14.36.1; 14.37; 14.47.2
wound specialist (jarāʾiḥī)
14.18
yoghurt see under milk
zanbariyyah see boat
zeodary (būhā, Persian zadwār)
1.3.2n
‘killer of bīsh (aconite)’ (qātil al-bīsh), possibly a form of zeodary
1.3.2
zīrbājah (dish with chicken and various ingredients)
8.29.10; 10.64.17.3
zodiac (falak al-burūj)
10.1.14 nos. 65, 283; 10.3.14 no. 67