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Mark S. Giacobbe

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In: Luke the Chronicler

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Mark S. Giacobbe

Mark S. Giacobbe
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Dar Hadith al Hassania

Abstract

This study examines the influence of the narrative structure of Samuel-Kings and Chronicles on the composition of Luke-Acts. The core contention is that Luke used Samuel-Kings and Chronicles—considered together as a unified two-part narrative—as a literary model for Luke-Acts in ways that are detectable and significant. Using a unique methodology that combines narrative criticism with concepts drawn from philosophy and argumentation theory (including Bayes’ Theorem and inference to the best explanation), I will argue that Luke models the Gospel of Luke on the books of Samuel and 1 Chronicles, presenting Jesus as the promised, ultimate Davidide. He likewise models the Book of Acts on Kings and 2 Chronicles, presenting the disciples of Jesus as the heirs of the kingdom of David—that is, in a manner analogous to the kings who are the main figures of those OT books. Luke’s portrayal of the disciples in Acts, however, involves a strong element of eschatological inversion, insofar as he characterizes them as victorious and faithful end-time kings, rather than failed and faithless ones (as the OT kings generally were). The evidence of this influence consists of verbal, thematic, structural, and other parallels, many of which have not been noticed or sufficiently appreciated before.

This study introduces a new term: the Samuel-Kings Narrative Arc (SKNA), which refers to the unified plotline contained in the OT books of Samuel-Kings and Chronicles. I will present evidence that reading these OT books as a single integrated narrative was common in the Second Temple period, as was understanding them in terms of a two-part “arc” with David as a high point and exile as a low point. Luke transforms this OT narrative in Luke-Acts into a story that points to ongoing kingdom victory (despite suffering and opposition). In addition to the new claim concerning the extent of Luke’s use of the SKNA as a literary model, this study advances understanding of these OT books in the context of Second Temple Jewish literature, refines the notion of imitational mimesis, and offers a new methodology for presenting arguments in biblical studies.

Abbreviations

AB	The Anchor Bible
AbrN	Abr-Nahrain
Ag. Ap.	Against Apion
AGJU	Arbeiten zur Geschichte des antiken Judentums und des Urchristentums
Agr.	On Agriculture
AJP	American Journal of Philology
AnBib	Analecta Biblica
An. post.	Posterior Analytics
ANRW	Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt: Geschichte und Kultur Roms im Spiegel der neueren Forschung. Part 2, Principat. Edited by Hildegard Temporini and Wolfgang Hause. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1972–
Ant.	Jewish Antiquities
ApOTC	Apollos Old Testament Commentary
Bacch.	Bacchanals
BDAG	Danker, Frederick W., Walter Bauer, William F. Arndt, and F. Wilbur Gingrich, Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000
BECNT	Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
BETL	Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaniensium
Bib	Biblica
BibInt	Biblical Interpretation
BINS	Biblical Interpretation Series
BLS	Bible and Literature Series
BN	Biblische Notizen
BNP	Brill’s New Pauly: Encyclopedia of the Ancient World. Edited by Hubert Cancik. 22 vols. Leiden: Brill, 2002–2011
BrTCB	Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible
BSac	Bibliotheca Sacra
BWANT	Beiträge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament
BZAW	Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
BZNW	Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft
CBET	Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology
CBC	The Cambridge Bible Commentary
CQ	Classical Quarterly
CTM	Concordia Theological Monthly
CurBR	Currents in Biblical Research
Decal.	On the Decalogue
DH	Deuteronomistic History
DJD	Discoveries in the Judean Desert
DJG	Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels. Edited by Joel B. Green, Jeannine K. Brown, and Nicholas Perrin. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2013
DLNT	Dictionary of the Later New Testament and Its Developments. Edited by Ralph P. Martin and Peter H. Davids. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1997
DOTHB	Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books. Edited by Bill T. Arnold and H. G. M. Williamson. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2005
ECC	Early Christianity in Context
EEN	Elijah-Elisha narrative
EKKNT	Evangelisch-katholischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament
Ep.	Epistulae morales
EstBib	Estudios Bíblicos
Eup.	Eupolemus
ExpTim	Expository Times
FAT	Forschungen zum Alten Testament
FDV	Franz-Delitzsch-Vorlesungen
FRLANT	Forschungen zur Religion und Literatur des Alten und Neuen Testaments
FTS	Frankfurter theologische Studien
HBS	Herders Biblische Studien
HTh	History and Theory
HThKNT	Herders Theologischer Kommentar zum Neuen Testament
HTS	Harvard Theological Studies
HvTSt	Hervormde teologiese studies
IBE	inference to the best explanation
ICC	International Critical Commentary
Int	Interpretation
J.W.	Jewish War
JBL	Journal of Biblical Literature
JETS	Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society
JGRChJ	Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and Judaism
JPTSup	Journal of Pentecostal Theology Supplement Series
JSJ.S	Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism
JSNT	Journal for the Study of the New Testament
JSNTSup	Journal for the Study of the New Tetament Supplement Series
JSOTSup	Journal for the Study of the Old Tetament Supplement Series
JTS	Journal of Theological Studies
Jub.	Jubilees
KEK	Kritisch-exegetischer Kommentar über das Neue Testament
LAB	Liber antiquitatum biblicarum
LAE	Life of Adam and Eve
LCL	Loeb Classical Library
LD	Lectio Divina
Liv. Pro.	Lives of the Prophets
LNTS	The Library of New Testament Studies
Mart. Isa.	The Martyrdom and Ascension of Isaiah.
NICNT	New International Commentary on the New Testament
NICOT	New International Commentary on the Old Testament
NIGTC	New International Greek Testament Commentary
NovT	Novum Testamentum
NovTSup	Supplements to Novum Testamentum
NSBT	New Studies in Biblical Theology
NTD	Das Neue Testament Deutsch
NTPG	Wright, N. T. The New Testament and the People of God. Christian Origins and the Question of God 1. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1992
NTS	New Testament Studies
OTL	Old Testament Library
PBTM	Paternoster Biblical and Theological Monographs
PNTC	Pillar New Testament Commentaries
Poet.	Poetics
PRSt	Perspectives in Religious Studies
RQ	Restoration Quarterly
RST	Regensburger Studien zur Theologie
RTR	Reformed Theological Review
SAC	Studies in Antiquity and Christianity
Sam. Tg.	Samaritan Targum
SBLDS	Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series
SBLMS	Society of Biblical Literature Monograph Series
SBLSP	Society of Biblical Literature Seminar Papers
SBLSymS	Society of Biblical Literature Symposium Series
SBS	Stuttgarter Bibelstudien
SCS	Septuagint and Cognate Studies
Sib. Or.	Sibylline Oracles
SKNA	Samuel-Kings Narrative Arc
SKNA 1	1–2 Samuel and 1 Chronicles
SKNA 2	1–2 Kings and 2 Chronicles
SNT	Studien zum Neuen Testament
SNTSMS	Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series
SOTSMS	Society for Old Testament Studies Monograph Series
Spec. Laws	On the Special Laws
SR	Studies in Religion
SSN	Studia Semitica Neerlandica
STDJ	Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah
T. Benj.	Testament of Benjamin
T. Jud.	Testament of Judah
T. Levi	Testament of Levi
T. Mos.	Testament of Moses
T. Naph.	Testament of Naphtali
Tg. Isa.	Targum Isaiah
Tg. Onq.	Targum Onqelos
TJ	Trinity Journal
TOTC	The Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries
TUGAL	Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur
TynBul	Tyndale Bulletin
WBC	Word Biblical Commentary
WMANT	Wissenschaftliche Monographien zum Alten und Neuen Testament
WTJ	Westminster Theological Journal
WUNT	Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament
ZAW	Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft
ZNW	Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der älteren Kirche

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Luke the Chronicler

The Narrative Arc of Samuel-Kings and Chronicles in Luke-Acts

Series: Biblical Interpretation Series, Volume: 211

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004540286

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 21 Mar 2023

Subjects
- Biblical Studies
  - Biblical Interpretations
- Theology and World Christianity
  - Biblical Theology

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Luke the Chronicler

The Narrative Arc of Samuel-Kings and Chronicles in Luke-Acts

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