Page numbers in bold signify the most relevant locations.
International Cases
International Court of Justice/Permanent Court of International Justice
Question of Jaworzina (Polish-Czechoslovakian Frontier), Advisory Opinion, 1923 pcij (ser. B) No. 8 (6 December) 271–273
Exchange of Greek & Turkish Populations, Advisory Opinion, 1925 pcij (ser. B) No. 10 (21 February) 174
Jurisdiction of the Courts of Danzig, Advisory Opinion, 1928 pcij (ser. B) No. 15 (3 March)10–11, 12–15, 28, 47, 56, 83n.371, 91, 92, 94, 98, 138, 140, 141, 142, 154, 156, 160, 162, 165, 168, 170
Société commerciale de Belgique (Belg. v. Greece), Judgment, 1939 pcij (ser. A/B) No. 78 (15 July) 248
North Sea Continental Shelf cases (Ger. v. Den.; Ger. v. Neth.), Judgment, 1969 icj 3 (20 February) 268
Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons, Advisory Opinion, 1996 icj 226 (8 July) 269
Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicar. v. U.S.), Judgment, 1986 icj 14 (14 June) 248
The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Para. v. U.S.), Provisional Measure, 1998 icj 248 (9 April) 248–249
The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Ger. v. U.S.), Provisional Measure, 1999 icj 9 (3 March), 2001 icj 466 (27 June) 248–249
The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (Ger. v. U.S.), Judgment, 2001 icj 466 (27 June) 248–251
Arrest Warrant of 11 April 2000 (Dem. Rep. Congo v. Belg.), Judgment, 2002 icj 3 (14 February) 270
Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mex. v. U.S.), Provisional Measure, 2003 icj 77 (5 February) 249
Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mex. v. U.S.), Judgment, 2004 icj 12 (31 March) 247n.1102, 249–250, 255
Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion, 2004 icj 136 (9 July) 264, 269
Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 31 March 2004 in the Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mex. v. U.S.), Provisional Measure, 2008 icj 311 (16 July) 249
Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of 31 March 2004 in the Case Concerning Avena and Other Mexican Nationals (Mex. v. U.S.), Judgment, 2009 icj 3 (19 January) 247, 262n.1162Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Guinea v. Dem. Rep. Congo), Judgment, 2010 icj 639 (30 November) 264
Jurisdictional Immunities of the State (Ger. v. It., Greece Intervening), Judgment, 2012 icj 99 (3 February) 251–252Application of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Qatar v. U.A.E.), Preliminary Objection, 2021 icj (4 February) 264n.1172 Questions of Jurisdictional Immunities of the State and Measures of Constraint against State-owned Property (Ger. v. It.) 255
European Court of Justice
Case 26/62, Van Gend en Loos v. Nederlandse administratie der belastingen, 1963 ecr 1 10–11, 90–92, 94, 96–100, 103, 105–106, 116–117, 121, 137–138, 140, 142, 160, 196
Cases 73 & 74/63, Handelsvereniging Rotterdam v. Minister van Landbouw, 1964 ecr 1 137
Case 6/64, Costa v. enel, 1964 ecr 585 10n.37, 92, 97, 100, 137–138Case 31/64, Sociale Voorzorg v. Bertholet, 1965 ecr 81 105n.481
Case 57/65, Lütticke v. Hauptzollamt Saarlouis, 1966 ecr 205 10n.37, 92, 100, 103–105, 137n.642
Case 27/67, Fink-Frucht v. Hauptzollamt München, 1968 ecr 223 100
Case 28/67, Molkerei-Zentrale Westfalen v. Hauptzollamt Paderborn, 1968 ecr 143 92, 97, 101, 106
Case 13/68, Salgoil v. Italian Ministry for Foreign Trade, 1968 ecr 453 100, 101n.458
Cases 2 & 3/69, Sociaal Fonds voor de Diamantarbeiders v. Chougol Diamond Co., 1969 ecr 211 101
Case 9/70, Grad v. Finanzamt Traunstein, 1970 ecr 825 107–108
Case 78/70, Deutsche Grammophon v. Metro, 1971 ecr 487 100Case 10/71, Ministère Public of Luxembourg v. Muller, 1971 ecr 723 104n.473
Case 93/71, Leonesio v. Italian Ministry for Agric. & Forestry, 1972 ecr 287 97–98, 101
Case 20/72, Belgian State v. nv Coblex, 1972 ecr 1057 138n.643
Cases 21 to 24/72, Int’l Fruit Company v. Produktschap voor Groenten en Fruit, 1972 ecr 1219 110–111, 113, 115–116, 192
Case 9/73, Schlüter v. Hauptzollamt Lörrach, 1974 ecr1135 93, 107, 111n.506
Case 181/73, Haegemann v. Belgium, 1974 ecr 449 109
Case 2/74, Reyners v. Belgian State, 1974 ecr 631 94n.424, 105
Case 41/74, van Duyn v. Home Office, 1974 ecr 1337 108
Case 43/75, Defrenne v. Sabena, 1976 ecr 455 119
Case 87/75, Bresciani v. Amministrazione Italiana delle Finanze, 1976 ecr 129 114, 116, 141
Case 111/75, Mazzalai v. Ferrovia del Renon, 1975 ecr 657 133
Case 51/76, Verbond van Nederlandse Ondernemingen v. Inspecteur der Invoerrechten en Accijnzen, 1977 ecr 113 103
Case 74/76, Iannelli & Volipi v. Paolo Meroni, 1977 ecr 558 104n.473
Case 78/76, Steinike und Weinlig v. Germany, 1977 ecr 595 101, 104n.473
Case 38/77, Enka v. Inspecteur der Invoerrechten en Accijnzen, 1977 ecr 2203 104
Case 1/78, Kenny v. Ins. Officer, 1978 ecr 1489 94n.424
Case 21/78, Delkvist v. Anklagemyndigheden, 1978 ecr 2327 121–123, 125, 128
Case 203/80, Guerrino Casati, 1981 ecr 2595 101
Case 230/78, Eridania v. Minister of Agric. & Forestry, 1979 ecr 2749 123
Case 112/80, Dürbeck v. Hauptzollamt Frankfurt am Main-Flughafen, 1981 ecr 1095 257
Case 8/81, Becker v. Finanzamt Munster-Innenstadt, 1982 ecr 53 122
Case 17/81, Pabst & Richarz v. Hauptzollamt Oldenburg, 1982 ecr 1331 114–115
Case 104/81, Hauptzollamt Mainz v. Kupferberg, 1982 ecr 3641 94
Case 266/81, siot v. Ministero delle Finanze, 1983 ecr 731 111
Cases 267 to 269/81, Amministrazione delle Finanze dello Stato v. spi & sami, 1983 ecr 801 111
Case 14/83, von Colson & Kamann v. Land Nordrhein-Westfalen, 1984 ecr 1891 119, 133, 214
Case 79/83, Harz v. Deutsche Tradax GmbH, 1984 ecr 1921 133n.619, 214
Case 222/84, Johnson v. Chief Constable Royal Ulster Constabulary, 1986 ecr 1651 119–120
Case 286/85, McDermott & Cottier v. Minister of Social Welfare & Attorney Gen., 1987 ecr 1463 103
Case 80/86, Kolpinghuis Nijmegen, 1987 ecr 3969 108
Case 70/87, Fédération de l’industrie de l’huilerie de la cee (Fediol) v. Comm’n, 1989 ecr 1781 114, 123, 135–136, 259
Cases 231/87 & 129/88, Ufficio distrettuale delle imposte dirette di Fiorenzuola d’Arda & Others v. Comune di Carpaneto Piacentino & Others, 1989 ecr 3269 100
Case C-152/88, Sofrimport v. Comm’n, 1990 ecr i-2477 257
Case C-177/88, Dekker v. Stichting Vormingscentrum voor Jong Volwassenen, 1991 ecr i-3956 135
Case C-322/88, Grimaldi v. Fonds des Maladies professionnelles, 1989 ecr 4407
134 Case C-69/89, Nakajima v. Council, 1991 ecr i-2069 114, 123–124, 127–128, 130, 135–136, 259
Case C-100/89, Peter Kaefer & Andrea Procacci v. France, 1990 ecr i-4667 104
Case C-106/89, Marleasing s.a. v. La Comercial Internacional de Alimentación s.a., 1990 ecr i-4135 134, 215
Case C-192/89, Sevince v. Staatssecretaris van Justitie, 1990 ecr i-3461 258
Cases C-6 & 9/90, Francovich v. Italy, 1991 ecr i-5357 103, 136–137, 220
Case C-18/90, Office national de l’emploi v. Kziber, 1991 ecr i-221 118
Case C-271/91, Marshall v. Southampton & S. W. Hampshire Area Health Auth., 1993 ecr i-4400 120
Case C-236/92, Comitato de Coordinamento per la Difesa della Cava v. Regione Lombardia, 1994 ecr i-483 104
Case C-431/92, Comm’n v. Germany, 1995 ecr i-2189 121–122, 130
Case C-432/92, Queen v. Minister of Agric., Fisheries & Food, ex parte Anastasiou (Pissouri) & Others, 1994 ecr 3087 106n.487, 115n.526
Case C-280/93, Germany v. Council, 1994 ecr i-4973 111
Case C-469/93, Amministrazione delle Finanze dello Stato v. Chiquita Italia, 1995 ecr i-4533 111, 115n.526
Case C-61/94, Comm’n v. Germany, 1996 ecr i-3989 109, 134
Case C-70/94, Fritz Werner Industrie-Ausrüstungen GmbH v. Germany, 1995 ecr i-3189 134
Case C-194/94, cia Security Int’l v. Sinnalson & Securitel, 1996 ecr i-2201 124, 130, 213
Case C-72/95, Kraaijeveld v. Gedeputeerde Staten van Zuid-Holland, 1996 ecr i-5403 121–122
Case C-168/95, Arcaro, 1996 ecr i-4705 134
Case C-129/96, Inter-Environnement Wallonie v. Région Wallonne, 1997 ecr i-7411 125n.574
Case C-149/96, Portugal v. Council, 1999 ecr i-8395 111–114, 123, 127, 135, 192, 194, 259n.1152
Case C-162/96, A. Racke GmbH & Co. v. Hauptzollamt Mainz, 1998 ecr i-3655 124n.570
Case C-347/96, Solred v. Administración General del Estado, 1998 ecr i-937 131
Case C-104/97 P, Atlanta v. Council & Comm’n, 1999 ecr i-6983 257–258
Case C-435/97, wwf & Others v. Autonome Provinz Bozen & Others, 1999 ecr i-5613 122n.560
Cases C-240/98 to 244/98, Océano Grupo Editorial & Salvat Editores, 2000 ecr i-4943 126n.575
Case C-287/98, Luxembourg v. Linster, 2000 ecr i-6920
126, 130 Case C-377/98, Netherlands v. Parliament & Council, 2001 ecr i-7079 115, 127–128
Case C-403/98, Azienda Agricola Monte Arcosu v. Regione Autonoma della Sardegna & Others, 2001 ecr i-103 107
Case C-441/99, Riksskatterverket v. Soghra Gharehveran, 2001 ecr-i 7687 103
Case T-18/99, Cordis v. Comm’n, 2001 ecr ii-913 257–258
Case T-30/99, Bocchi Food Trade Int’l v. Comm’n, 2001 ecr ii-943 257–258
Case T-52/99, T. Port v. Comm’n, 2001 ecr ii-981 257–258
Cases C-397/01 to 403/01, Pfeiffer & Others v. Deutsches Rotes Kreuz, Kreisverband Waldshut eV, 2004 ecr i-8835 133
Cases T-64/01 & 65/01, Afrikanische Frucht-Campagnie, 2004 ecr ii-521 257–258
Case C-93/02 P, Biret Int’l v. Council, 2003 ecr i-10497 257–258
Case C-201/02, The Queen, on the Application of Wells v. Sec’y of State Transp., Local Gov’t & the Regions, 2004 ecr i-723 122n.560
Case C-377/02, Van Parys v. Belgisch Interventie- en Restitutiebureau (birb), 2005 ecr i-1465 257–258
Cases C-387, 391 & 403/02, Berlusconi & Others, 2005 ecr-i 3565 108
Case T-19/02, Chiquita Brands Int’l v. Comm’n, 2005 ecr ii-315 257–258
Case C-212/04, Adeneler & Others v. elog, 2006 ecr i-6000 134
Case C-344/04, iata & elfaa v. Dep’t of Transp., 2006 ecr i-403 116
Case C-351/04, Ikea Wholesale Ltd v. Comm’rs Customs & Excise, 2007 ecr i-7723 258Case C-308/06, Intertanko & Others v. Sec’y of State for Transp., 2008 ecr i-4057 115–116
Cases C-120/06 P & 121/06 P, fiamm v. Council, 2008 ecr i-6513 258
Case C-366/10, ataa & Others v. Sec’y of State for Energy & Climate Change, 2011 ecr i-13833 115–117Case C-363/12, Z v. A Gov’t Dep’t, 2014 ecr 159 115
Cases C-401/12 P to 403/12 P, Council, Parliament, & Comm’n v. Vereniging Milieudefensie & Stichting Stop Luchtverontreiniging Utrecht, eu:c:2015:4 115, 124n.570
Cases C-404/12 & 405/12, Council & Comm’n v. Stichting Natuur en Milieu & Pesticide Action Network Europe, eu:c:2015:5 115
Case C-612/13 P, Client Earth v. Comm’n, 2015 ecr i-486 115
Case C-573/17, Criminal Proceedings against Daniel Adam Popławski, eu:c:2019:530 130–131
Case “Relating to Certain Aspects of the Laws on the Use of Languages in Education in Belgium” v. Belgium (Merits) (judgment of 23 July 1968), Application Nos. 1474/62; 1677/62; 1691/62; 1769/63; 1994/63; 2126/64 31
Marckx v. Belgium (judgment of 13 June 1979), Application No. 6833/74 32
Van Oosterwijk v. Belgium (judgment of 6 November 1980), Application No. 7654/76 32
Inter-American Court of Human Rights
Enforceability of the Right to Reply or Correction (Arts. 14(1), 1(1) and 2 American Convention on Human Rights), Advisory Opinion oc-7/85, ser. A, No. 7 (29 August 1986) 164
Almonacid Arellano et al. v. Chile, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, ser. C, No. 154 (26 September 2006) 36
Cabrera Garcia & Montiel Flores v. Mexico, Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs, Judgment, ser. C, No. 220 (26 November 2010) 36
Gelman v. Uruguay, Merits and Reparations, Judgment, ser. C, No. 221 (24 February 2011) 36
wto
Japan—Taxes on Alcoholic Beverages, wt/ds8/ab/r, wt/ds10/ab/r, wt/ds11/ab/r (adopted 1 November 1996) 256–257
ec—Regime for the Importation, Sale & Distribution of Bananas, wt/ds27/r/usa, wt/ds27/ab/r (adopted 25 September 1997); wt/ds27/rw/ecu (adopted 6 May 1999); wt/ds27/rw2/ecu, wt/ds27/ab/rw2/ecu (adopted 11 December 2008); wt/ds27/rw/usa, wt/ds27/ab/rw/usa (adopted 22 December 2008) 113, 257
ec—ec Measures Concerning Meat & Meat Products (Hormones), wt/ds26/ab/r (adopted 13 February 1998) 113
Japan—Import Quotas on Dried Laver & Seasoned Laver, wt/ds323/r (1 February 2006) 113
Human Rights Treaty Bodies
Communication No. 477/1991, j.a.m.b.-r. v. Netherlands, 2 Report of the Human Rights Committee, 49 U.N. gaor, Supp. No. 40, at 294, a/49/40 (1994) (Views of 7 April 1994) 163
Communication No. 418/1990, Araujo-Jongen v. Netherlands, 2 Report of the Human Rights Committee, 49 U.N. gaor, Supp. No. 40, at 114 a/49/40 (1994) (Views of 22 October 1993) 163
Communication No. 36/2012, Blok et al. v. Netherlands, U.N. Doc. cedaw/c/57/d/36/2012 (2014) (Views of 17 February 2014)
164–165
ilo
Report of the Commission Appointed under Article 26 of the Constitution of the International Labour Organization to Examine the Complaint Filed by the Government of Portugal concerning the Observance by the Government of Liberia of the forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29), 46 Official Bull., Supp. ii (1963) 42
Domestic Cases
Argentina
Judgment of 7 July 1992, csjn, 315 Fallos 1492 183n.840
Australia
Bradley v. Commonwealth of Australia & the Postmaster-Gen. (Austl. 1973), 101 j.d.i. 865 (1974), 52 ilr 1 235
Austria
Judgment of 18 December 1923, ogh, 5 Entscheidungen des österreichischen Obersten Gerichtshofes in Zivil- und Justizverwaltungssachen 765 183n.840
Judgment of 27 June 1960, VfGH, 83 Juristische Blätter 352 (1961), 3 Y.B. Eur. Conv. Hum. Rts. 616 (1960), 40 ilr 238 33, 145, 149, 186Judgment of 14 October 1961, VfGH, 84 Juristische Blätter 145 (1962), 4 Y.B. Eur. Conv. Hum. Rts. 604 (1961), 40 ilr 241 33
Judgment of 25 November 1997, ogh, 1Ob190/97s 245n.1093
Belgium
Judgment of 31 December 1840, Cass., 1841 Pas. belge i 158 221n.1008
Judgment of 22 May 1925, Cass., 1925 Pas. belge i 253, 3 ilr 120 221n.1008
Judgment of 30 April 1951, Tribunal Civil de Bruxelles, 41 Revue critique de droit international privé 111 (1952), 18 ilr 3 248
Judgment of 13 April 1964, Cass., 1964 Pas. belge i 849, 47 ilr 328 154, 209
Judgment of 16 February 1970, Cass., 1970 Pas. belge i 533, 69 ilr 202 209
Judgment of 27 May 1971, Cass., 1971 Pas. belge i 896, 93 ilr 203 (Le Ski case) 154
Judgment of 19 October 1978, Tribunal du Liège, 22 Y.B. Eur. Conv. Hum. Rts. 494 (1979) 31
Judgment of 17 January 1984, Cass., 1984 Pas. belge i 524 18
Judgment of 4 April 1984, Cass., 103 Journal des tribunaux 444 (1984)
18 Judgment of 6 September 1989, ce, No. 32989, 1 Revue trimestrielle des droits de l’homme 184 (1990) (M’Feddal case) 158, 206–207
Judgment of 20 December 1990, Cass., 1990 Pas. belge i 392 206–207n.943
Judgment of 7 May 1992, Cour d’arbitrage, No. 33/92, m.b. (4 June 1992) 207n.943
Judgment of 19 May 1994, ca, Administration publique- mensuel 109 (June 1994) 158
Judgment of 22 March 1995, ce, No. 52424 40n.142
Judgment of 12 February 2003, Cass., 122 Journal des tribunaux 243, ildc 5 (be 2003) 270
Judgment of 22 July 2003, cc, No. 106/2003 207n.947
Judgment of 28 April 2008, ce, No. 182454 40n.142
Canada
Baker v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship & Immigration), [1999] 2 scr 817, 148 ilr 594 219
Re Drummond Wren, 1945 Ont. R. 778 (Ont. High Ct. 1945), 12 ilr 178 219n.998
Re Noble & Wolf, [1949] 4 dlr 123 (Ont. High Ct. 1948), 15 ilr 302 219
Re Noble & Wolf, [1949] 4 dlr 375, 399 (Ont. Ct. App. 1949), 15 ilr 302 219
Re Pub. Serv. Employee Relations Act, Labour Relations Act & Police Officers Collective Bargaining Act, 38 dlr 4th 161, 94 ilr 246 270
Czech Republic
Judgment of 26 February 2004, Const. Ct., ii ÚS 604/02, Sb n u ÚS 7/2004, ildc 877 (cz 2004) 244
Judgment of 3 May 2006, Const. Ct., Pl.US 66/04 135
France
Judgment of 17 March 1960, Cour de Paris, 1960 j.c.p. ii 11609 47, 175
Judgment of 28 March 1962, Cass. (ch. Civ.), 1963 D. Jur. 518 43
Judgment of 8 November 1963, Cass. (ch. crim.), 1963 Bull. Crim. 666 237, 238n.1076Judgment of 4 June 1964, Cass. (ch. crim.), 1964 Bull. Crim. 413, 92 j.d.i. 93 (1965), 45 ilr 90 230
Judgment of 18 November 1967, Cour d’appel de Paris, 95 j.d.i. 728 (1968), 48 ilr 231 237
Judgment of 20 November 1981, ce, Rec. Lebon 428 237
Judgment of 20 April 1984, ce, Nos. 37772 et 37774 40
Judgment of 4 June 1996, Cass. (ch. soc.), 102 r.g.d.i.p. 495 (1998) 237
Judgment of 23 April 1997, ce Sect., No. 163043, Rec. Lebon (gisti case)
204–205, 212–213 Judgment of 15 July 1999, Cass. (ch. civ.), 1999 Bull. Civ. i 155, 127 j.d.i. 45 (2000), 104 r.g.d.i.p. 541 (2000), 127 ilr 144 237n.1066
Judgment of 25 April 2006, Cass. (ch. civ.), 2006 Bull Civ. i 178, 110 r.g.d.i.p. 950 (2006), ildc 771 (fr 2006) 236–237
Judgment of 11 April 2012, ce Ass., No. 322326, Rec. Lebon, ildc 2000 (fr 2012) (gisti case) 189, 196, 205–206, 212–213
Judgment of 10 February 2014, ce, No. 358992, 70 Actualité juridique, Droit administratif 380 (2014), ildc 2375 (fr 2014) 40
Germany
Judgment of 29 November 1927, rg, 119 rgz 156 149
Judgment of 21 June 1955, Bundesgerichtshof, 18 bghz 22 149
Judgment of 21 March 1957, BVerfG, 6 BVerfG 290, 24 ilr 542 151
Judgment of 11 March 1959, bfh, 3 Bundessteuerblatt 486 152
Judgment of 5 July 1962, olg Bremen, 5 Y.B. Eur. Conv. Hum. Rts. 358 (1962) 31
Judgment of 30 October 1962, BVerfG, 15 BVerfGE 25, 38 ilr 162 157, 230n.1045
Judgment of 20 July 1964, bgh, 17 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 2119 (1964) 31
Judgment of 23 September 1965, fg Hamburg, 5 Fontes Iuris Gentium, Ser. A, Sec ii. 969 (1978) 184n.845
Judgment of 31 January 1966, bgh, 45 bghz 58 185
Judgment of 21 December 1967, BVerwG, 29 BVerwGE 20 149
Judgment of 5 November 1970, lg Frankfurt, 26 Juristenzeitung 234 (1971) 31
Judgment of 22 June 1972, bgh, 50 bghz 83, 73 ilr 226 217
Judgment of 13 December 1977, BVerfG, 46 BVerfGE 342, 65 ilr 146 157, 230n.1045
Judgment of 17 December 1991, vgh Baden-Württemberg, 53 Z.a.ö.R.V. 366 (1993) 23
Judgment of 22 February 1995, BVerwG, 1-C 11/94 39
Judgment of 7 November 2001, bgh, 5 StR 116/01, 2002 Neue Z. für Strafrecht 168 251
Judgment of 14 October 2004, BVerfG, 111 BVerfGE 307, ildc 65 (de 2004) 244
Judgment of 19 September 2006, BVerfG, 2 BvR 2115/01, 64 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 499 (2011), ildc 668 (de 2006) (consular access) 250–251
Judgment of 6 March 2007, bgh, 171 bghz 275 269
Judgment of 5 November 2013, BVerfG, 2 BvR 1579/11 251n.1120
Judgment of 7 October 2003, Const. Ct., 12 (No. 10) Decisions of the Constitutional Court 1281, ildc 601 (hu 2003) 241
Israel
Judgment of 15 September 2005, Sup. Ct., hcj 7957/04, ildc 157 (il 2005) 269
Italy
Judgment of 5 May 1924, Cass., 49 Foro It. i 537, 2 Ann. Dig. 320 152
Judgment of 21 May 1973, Cass., 2 i.y.b.i.l. 285 (1976), 77 ilr 551 215
Judgment of 22 December 1980, Corte cost., 64 r.d.i. 662 (1981) 18
Judgment of 11 March 2004, Cass. (Sez. Unite civili), No. 5044, 87 r.d.i. 539 (2004), 128 ilr 658, ildc 19 (it 2004) (Ferrini case) 251
Judgments of 24 October 2007, Corte cost., Nos. 348 & 349, 17 i.y.b.i.l. 292 (2007) 274
Judgment of 7 April 2011, Corte Cost., 94 r.d.i. 960 (2011), ildc 1732 (it 2011) 244–245
Judgment of 28 March 2012, Tribunale Firenze, 95 r.d.i. 583 (2012) 252
Judgment of 14 May 2012, Corte Appello Torino, 95 r.d.i. 917 (2012), ildc 1905 (it 2012) 252
Judgment of 9 August 2012, Cass. (Sez. i penale), No. 32139, 95 r.d.i. 1196 (2012), ildc 1921 (it 2012) 252–253
Order of 21 February 2013, Cass. (Sez. Unite civili), No. 4284, 168 ilr 524, ildc 1998 (it 2013) 253n.1127
Judgment of 21 January 2014, Cass. (Sez. Unite civili), No. 1136, 23 i.y.b.i.l. 436 (2013), ildc 2727 (it 2014) 253n.1127
Order of 21 January 2014, Tribunale Firenze, 23 i.y.b.i.l. 436 (2013) 254
Judgment of 22 October 2014, Corte cost., No. 238, 98 r.d.i. 237 (2015), 54 i.l.m. 471 (2015), 168 ilr 529, ildc 2237 (it 2014) (State immunity) 254
Judgment of 26 March 2015, Corte cost., No. 49, 25 i.y.b.i.l. 536 (2015), ildc 2435 (it 2015) 274n.1210
Japan
Judgment of 29 September 1948, Sup. Ct. Grand Bench, 2 Keishū 1235 201
Judgment of 28 April 1951, Nagoya District Ct., 2 Gyōsaishū 925 201
Judgment of 14 March 1984, Tokyo High Ct., 23 Gyōsaishū 351, 28 j.a.i.l. 202 (1985) 268
Judgment of 29 June 1984, Kyoto Dist. Ct., 31 Shōmu geppō 207 (Kyoto Necktie case) 190
Judgment of 18 November 1964, Sup. Ct., 18 Keishū 579
239 Judgment of 25 April 1973, Sup. Ct. Grand Bench, 27 Keishū 547 263
Judgment of 22 April 1982, Tokyo Dist. Ct., 28 Shōmu geppō 2200, 27 j.a.i.l. 148 (1984) 268
Judgment of 19 December 1984, Osaka High Ct., 35 Gyōsaishū 2220 23
Judgment of 2 March 1989, Sup. Ct., 35 Shōmu geppō 1754 23
Judgment of 18 April 1989, Tokyo Dist. Ct., 36 Hanrei jihō 36, 29 i.l.m. 391 (1990) (Siberian Internment case) 229–230
Judgment of 6 February 1990, Sup. Ct., 36 Shōmu geppō 2242 (Kyoto Necktie case) 190n.871
Judgment 20 April 1990, Tokyo High Ct., 1344 Hanrei jihō 35, 34 j.a.i.l. 129 (1991) 275–276
Judgment of 19 January 1993, Oita Dist. Ct., 1457 Hanrei jihō 36 263
Judgment of 3 February 1993, Tokyo High Ct., reproduced in part in Gaikokujin Hanzai Saibanreishu 55 (1994) 19
Judgment of 5 March 1993, Tokyo High Ct., 40 Shōmu geppō 2027, 37 j.a.i.l. 129 (1994) (Siberian Internment case) 149, 186, 201, 228–229
Judgment of 15 July 1994, Tokyo Dist. Ct., 1505 Hanrei jihō 46, 38 j.a.i.l. 133 (1995) 23
Judgment of 28 October 1994, Osaka High Ct., 1513 Hanrei jihō 71, 38 j.a.i.l. 118 (1995) 19, 268
Judgment of 11 October 1995, Osaka Dist. Ct., 901 Hanrei taimuzu 84, 39 j.a.i.l. 265 (1996) 23
Judgment of 15 March 1996, Tokushima Dist. Ct., 1597 Hanrei jihō 115, 40 j.a.i.l. 118 (1997) 19, 268
Judgment of 27 March 1997, Sapporo Dist. Ct., 1598 Hanrei jihō 33, 41 j.a.i.l. 92 (1998), 127 ilr 173 (Nibutani Dam cse) 19, 210–211
Judgment of 21 July 1998, Tokushima Dist. Ct., 1674 Hanrei jihō 123 265–266
Judgment of 31 July 1998, Tokyo District Court, 1657 Hanrei jihō 43 268
Judgment of 4 September 2013, Sup. Ct. Grand Bench, 67 Minshū 1320, 57 j.y.b.i.l. 480 (2014), ildc 2060 (jp 2013) (inheritance of a child born out of wedlock) 265
Judgment of 19 September 2013, Sapporo Dist. Ct., unreported 211
Judgment of 7 October 2013, Kyoto Dist. Ct., 2208 Hanrei jihō 74, 57 j.y.b.i.l. 503 (2014) 217
Judgment of 27 November 2013, Tokyo High Ct., 1405 Hanrei taimuzu 273 (price of imported pork) 114, 192, 193, 194–195, 202
Judgment of 28 March 2014, Sup. Ct., unreported 195
Judgment of 8 July 2014, Osaka High Ct., 2232 Hanrei jihō 34 217
Judgment of 16 December 2015, Sup. Ct. Grand Bench, 69 Minshū 2427 265
Judgment of 16 December 2015, Sup. Ct. Grand Bench, 69 Minshū 2586
266 Judgment of 25 December 2015, Osaka High Ct., 1663/1664 Chingin to Shakai Hosho 10 (2016) 207
Judgment of 17 March 2016, Tokyo Dist. Ct., unreported 202
Judgment of 26 August 2016, Tokyo High Ct., 2349 Hanrei jihō 120 114, 167, 177, 194n.888, 202
Judgment of 25 May 2018, Tokyo Dist. Ct., unreported 202
Judgment of 17 January 2019, Tokyo High Ct., 65 Shōmu geppō 1482 (price of imported pork) 114, 149, 167n.778, 168–169, 177, 181, 190, 195, 202, 203, 212
Judgment of 19 November 2019, Hiroshima Dist. Ct., 2450 Hanrei jihō 102 220–221
Judgment of 30 March 2020, Tokyo Dist. Ct., unreported 202
Judgment of 16 September 2020, Hiroshima High Ct., 2486 Hanrei jihō 60 220–221
Judgment of 20 October 2020, Tokyo High Ct., unreported 221n.1007
Judgment of 23 June 2021, Sup. Ct. Grand Bench, 1488 Hanrei taimuzu 94 (surname-selection system) 266
Judgment of 22 March 2022, Sup. Ct., Court’s website 220–221
Kosovo
Judgment of 18 March 2010, Const. Ct. 171n.794
Luxembourg
Judgment of 24 October 1960, Luxembourg Ct. of Summary Jurisdiction, 4 Y.B. Eur. Conv. on Hum. Rts. 622 (1961) 191n.878
Judgment of 28 June 1990, Cass. 18
Judgment of 14 March 1991, Cass. 18
Morocco
Judgment of 13 August 1954, Tangier Ct. App. Int’l Tribunal, 21 ilr 136 248n.1106
Netherlands
Judgment of 30 June 1934, The Hague Cantonal Ct., 1936 nj 6, 7 Ann. Dig. 507 175
Judgment of 1 March 1950, The Hague Dist. Ct., 1952 nj 238 220
Judgment of 17 April 1958, Sup. Ct., 6 Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht 195 (1959), 26 ilr 602 238
Judgment of 6 March 1959, Sup. Ct., 10 Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht 82 (1963) 209
Judgment of 24 February 1960, Sup. Ct., 8 Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Internationaal Recht 285 (1961), 33 ilr 380
31 Judgment of 6 December 1983, Sup. Ct., 16 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 526 (1985) 23
Judgment of 30 May 1986, Sup. Ct., 18 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 389 (1987) 40
Judgment of 3 July 1986, Central Appeals Ct., 19 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 427 (1988), 96 ilr 339 28
Judgment of 16 February 1989, Central Appeals Ct., 21 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 375 (1990) 28n.91
Judgment of 20 April 1990, Sup. Ct., 22 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 376 (1991), 96 ilr 389 24, 28n.91
Judgment of 21 December 2001, Sup. Ct., 34 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 383, 392 (1998) 268–269
Judgment of 14 March 2003, Central App. Ct., 36 Neth. Y.B. Int’l L. 466 (2005) 263
Judgment of 16 May 2012, The Hague Dist. Ct., ecli:nl:rbsgr:2012:bw6789 199
Judgment of 26 March 2013, The Hague Ct. of Appeal, 2013 nj 176 199
Judgment of 10 October 2014, Sup. Ct., 2015 nj 12 (tobacco in small cafés) 176, 185, 198–199
Poland
Judgment of 5 April 1929, Sup. Ct., 5 Ann. Dig. 345 238
Russia
Judgment of 14 July 2015, Const. Ct., No. 21-P, ildc 2455 (ru 2015) 246
South Africa
State v. Makwanyane & Mchunu, 1995 (3) sa 391 (cc), 127 ilr 321, 345, ildc 647 (sa 1995) 269–270
Spain
Judgment of 16 December 1991, Const. Ct., stc 245/1991, 129 b.j.c. 86 244
Switzerland
Judgment of 23 May 1962, BGer, 88 bge i 86, 91, 32 ilr 348 149
Judgment of 13 October 1972, tf, 98 atf Ib 385 176–177, 183n.840, 191
Judgment of 12 July 1974, BGer, 100 bge Ib 226, 31 s.j.i.r. 208 (1975) 149, 183n.840, 238
Judgment of 25 January 1979, BGer, 105 bge ii 49, 93 ilr 591 182–183, 190–191
Judgment of 29 May 1985, BGer, 111 bge Ib 68 185, 199
Judgment of 2 September 1986, tf, 112 atf Ib 183 154, 192
Judgment of 11 February 1994, tf, 120 atf Ia 1 26
Judgment of 22 September 2000, BGer, 126 bge i 242, ildc 350 (ch 2000)
27–28n.87
United Kingdom
Attorney-Gen. for Canada v. Attorney-Gen. for Ontario, [1937] ac 326 (pc), 8 ilr 41 5n.14
Blathwayt v. Lord Cawley, [1976] ac 397, 426 (hl) 219
Buvot v. Barbuit, (1737) Cases Temp Talbot 281 2n.11
Duke v. gec Reliance, [1988] 2 wlr 359 (hl) 134, 215
Fothergill v. Monarch Airlines, [1981] ac 251 (hl), 74 ilr 627 6n.20
J.H. Rayner Ltd. v. Dep’t of Trade & Indus., [1989] Ch. 72 (ca), ildc 1733 (UK 1990) 229
Oppenheimer v. Cattermole, [1976] ac 249 (hl), 72 ilr 446 219, 276
Pratt v. Attorney-Gen. for Jamaica, [1994] 2 ac 1 (pc), 98 ilr 335 271
Triquet v. Bath, (1764) 3 Burr. 1478 (kb) 4
United States of America
Aerovias interamericanas de Panama v. Bd. of Cty. Comm’rs, 197 F. Supp. 230 (s.d. Fla. 1961) 60, 72, 76
Aetna Cas. & Sur. Co. v. Bd. of Supervisors, 168 s.e. 617 (Va. 1933) 260n.1154
Asakura v. City of Seattle, 265 U.S. 332 (1924), 2 ilr 314, ildc 1679 (US 1924) 84
Bacardi Corp. of Am. v. Domenech, 311 U.S. 150 (1940) 63n.247
Balfour, Guthrie & Co. v. United States, 90 F. Supp. 831 (n.d. Cal. 1953), 17 ilr 323 72
Benjamins v. British European Airways, 572 F.2d 913 (2d Cir. 1978) 59
Bertrand v. Sava, 684 F.2d 204 (2d Cir. 1982) 73
Breard v. Greene, 523 U.S. 371 (1998), 118 ilr 22, ildc 684 (US 1998) 249–250
British Caledonian Airways v. Bond, 665 F.2d 1153 (d.c. Cir. 1981) 79
Cameron Septic Tank Co. v. Knoxville, 227 U.S. 39 (1913) 70, 71n.291Canadian Transport Co. v. United States, 430 F. Supp. 1168 (d.d.c. 1977) 81
Cardenas v. Smith, 733 F.2d 909 (d.c. Cir. 1984) 66–67, 172
Committee of U.S. Citizens Living in Nicaragua v. Reagan, 859 F.2d 929 (d.c. Cir. 1988), 85 ilr 248, ildc 1685 (US 1988) 248
Commonwealth v. Hawes, 76 Ky. (13 Bush) 697 (1878) 57, 83, 202n.930
Cook v. United States, 288 U.S. 102 (1933), 6 ilr 3 57, 79, 222
Corus Staal v. Dep’t of Commerce, 395 F.3d 1343 (Fed. Cir. 2005), ildc 1649 (US 2005) 259
Curran v. City of New York, 77 n.y.s. 2d 206 (n.y. 1947), 14 ilr 154 57, 62, 69, 72, 176
De Lima v. Bidwell, 182 U.S. 1 (1900) 222
Diggs v. Richardson, 555 F.2d 848 (d.c. Cir. 1976), 95 ilr 611, ildc 2136 (US 1976)
60, 70, 82, 236 Dooley v. United States, 182 U.S. 222 (1900) 222n.1014
Edwards v. Carter, 580 F.2d 1055 (d.c. Cir. 1978) 79–80
esab Group, Inc. v. Zurich Ins. plc, 685 F.3d 376 (4th Cir. 2012), ildc 1988 (US 2012) 66
Estes v. Gatliff, 163 s.w. 2d 273 (Ky. Ct. App. 1942) 260n.1154
Evans v. Supreme Council of the Royal Arcanum, 120 n.e. 93 (n.y. 1918) 260n.1154
Ex parte Dove, 49 F.2d 816 (D. Minn. 1925), 6 ilr 346 68–69, 176
Ex parte Toscano, 208 F. 938 (s.d. Calif. 1913) 57
Fernandez v. Wilkinson, 505 F. Supp. 787 (D. Kan. 1980), 87 ilr 446, ildc 2019 (US 1980) 230
Filartiga v. Pena-Irala, 630 F.2d 876 (2d Cir. 1980), ildc 681 (US 1980) 230, 275
Filartiga v. Pena-Irala, 577 F. Supp. 860 (e.d.n.y. 1984), 77 ilr 169, ildc 873 (US 1984) 230
Five Per Cent Cases, 6 Ct. Cust. App. 291 (1915) 72n.294
Footwear Distributors & Retailers of Am. v. United States, 852 F. Supp. 1078 (Ct. Int’l Trade 1994), 107 ilr 269 259
Foster v. Neilson, 27 U.S. (2 Pet.) 253 (1829), ildc 2021 (US 1829) 8, 10, 42, 50–51, 83–84
Fourteen Diamond Rings, 182 U.S. 176 (1901) 222n.1014
Frolova v. U.S.S.R., 761 F.2d 370 (7th Cir. 1985), 85 ilr 236 59, 62n.239, 63–64, 69, 76–77, 80, 82
Fujii v. State, 217 P.2d 481 (Cal. Dist. Ct. App. 1950) 8–9
Fujii v. State, 242 P.2d 617 (Calif. 1952), 19 ilr 312 9, 62–63, 64, 76–77, 80, 86–87, 88, 183
Gen. Elec. Co. v. Robertson, 21 F.2d 214 (D. Md. 1927) 72, 79
Handel v. Artukovic, 601 F. Supp. 1421 (c.d. Cal. 1985), 79 ilr 396 59
Head Money Cases, 112 U.S. 580 (1884) 54, 56
Hennebique Const. Co. v. Myers, 172 F. 869 (3d Cir. 1909) 73
Holmes v. Laird, 459 F.2d 1211 (d.c. Cir. 1972), 60 ilr 35 83
Hopson v. Kreps, 622 F.2d 1375 (9th Cir. 1980) 54
Hurd v. Hodge, 334 U.S. 24 (1948), 14 ilr 98 89, 216
Igartua de la Rosa v. United States, 32 F.3d 8 (1st Cir. 1994) 76
Igartua-De la Rosa v. United States, 417 F.3d 145 (1st Cir. 2005) 183n.842
In re Alien Children Educ. Litig., 501 F. Supp. 554 (s.d. Tex. 1980) 54
In re Rath, 402 F.3d 1207 (Fed. Cir. 2005) 45
In re Sweeley, 33 n.y.s. 369 (n.y. 1895) 87
Indemnity Ins. Co. of N. Am. v. Pan. Am. Airways, 58 F. Supp. 338 (s.d.n.y. 1944), 12 ilr 271 60, 71
Jones v. Meehan, 175 U.S. 1 (1899)
63n.244 Kalmich v. Bruno, 450 F. Supp. 227 (n.d. Ill. 1978) 59
Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co., 569 U.S. 108 (2013) 276n.1215
Komlos v. Compagnie Nationale Air France, 111 F. Supp. 393 (s.d.n.y. 1952) 59
Koyo Seiko v. United States, 442 F. Supp. 2d 1360 (Ct. Int’l Trade 2006) 259n.1151
Mannington Mills, Inc. v. Coagulum Corp., 595 F.2d 1287 (3d Cir. 1976), 66 ilr 487, ildc 2732 (US 1979) 59, 67
Medellín v. Dretke, 371 F.3d 270 (5th Cir. 2004), ildc 298 (US 2004) 250
Medellín v. Dretke, 544 U.S. 660 (2005) 58
Medellín v. Texas, 552 U.S. 491 (2008), 136 ilr 689, ildc 947 (US 2008) 54–56, 58–59, 62–64, 66–67, 69–70, 73, 83n.368, 85, 183n.842, 196, 249–250, 255, 278
Missouri v. Holland, 252 U.S. 416 (1920), 1 ilr 4, ildc 1684 (US 1920) 85–86, 223
Mora v. n.y., 524 F.3d 183 (2d Cir. 2008), ildc 1100 (US 2008) 58–59n.223, 250
Murray v. The Schooner Charming Betsy, 6 U.S. (2 Cranch) 64 (1804), ildc 1682 (US 1804) 87
Namba v. McCourt, 185 Or. 579, 204 P.2d 569 (1949), 16 ilr 257 88
Noel v. Linea Aeropostal Venezolana, 144 F. Supp. 359 (s.d.n.y. 1956) 59
Noel v. Linea Aeropostal Venezolana, 247 F.2d 677 (2d Cir. 1957) 59
Orantes-Hernandez v. Smith, 541 F. Supp. 351 (c.d. Cal. 1982) 88
Oyama v. California, 332 U.S. 633 (1948), 16 ilr 247 88
Pauling v. McElroy, 164 F. Supp. 390 (d.d.c. 1958), 26 ilr 1 60
People v. Carroll, 148 n.e.2d 875 (n.y. 1958) 65
People of Saipan v. United States Dep’t of Interior, 502 F.2d 90 (9th Cir. 1974), 61 ilr 113 61–62, 82, 85, 196
Petition of Georgakopoulos, 81 F. Supp. 411 (e.d. Penn. 1948) 53, 77–78
Pettibone v. Cook, 120 F.2d 850 (8th Cir. 1941) 222
Power Auth. v. Fed. Power Comm’n, 247 F.2d 538 (d.c. Cir. 1957) 75–76
Puerto Rico v. Muskie, 507 F. Supp. 1035 (d.p.r. 1981) 60
Rice v. Sioux City Memorial Park Cemetery, Inc., 60 n.w. 2d 110 (1953), 20 ilr 244 89n.405
Robertson v. Gen. Elec. Co., 32 F.2d 495 (4th Cir. 1929), 4 ilr 413 63n.244, 77, 83–84, 186n.853
Sanchez-Llamas v. Oregon, 548 U.S. 331, 134 ilr 719, ildc 697 (US 2006) 58n.223, 250n.1117
Saudi Arabia v. Nelson, 113 S. Ct. 1471 (1993), 100 ilr 544 275–276
Serra v. Lappin, 600 F.3d 1191 (9th Cir. 2010), ildc 1776 (US 2010) 88
Siderman de Blake v. Republic of Argentina, 965 F.2d 699 (9th Cir. 1992), 103 ilr 454, ildc 2171 (US 1992) 275
Smith v. Canadian Pac. Airways, 452 F.2d 798 (2d Cir. 1971) 59
Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain, 542 U.S. 692 (2004), 127 ilr 691, ildc 117 (US 2004) 76
State ex rel. W.G. Platts, Inc. v. Superior Court, 349 P.2d 1087 (Wash. 1960)
260n.1154 Tel-Oren v. Libyan Arab Republic, 517 F. Supp. 542 (d.d.c. 1981), 77 ilr 192 67, 82
Tel-Oren v. Libyan Arab Republic, 726 F.2d 774 (d.c. Cir. 1984), 77 ilr 192, ildc 875 (US 1984) 59, 230
The Over the Top, 5 F.2d 838 (D. Conn. 1925), 3 ilr 154 52, 79, 222n.1011
The Pictonian, 500 F.2d 267 (e.d.n.y. 1974), 3 ilr 157 222
Timken v. United States, 354 F.3d 1334 (Fed. Cir. 2004) 259n.1151
Torres v. State, No. 2004–442, slip op. (Okla. Crim. App., 13 May 2004), 43 i.l.m. 1227 (2004), ildc 113 (US 2004) 249
Torres v. State, 120 P.3d 1184 (Okla. Crim. App. 2005) 249n.1113
Trans World Airlines v. Franklin Mint Corp., 466 U.S. 243 (1984), 101 ilr 587 59
Turner v. American Baptist Missionary Union, 24 F. Cas. 344, 345 (c.c.d. Mich. 1952) 51
United Shoe Mach. Co. v. Duplesis Shoe Mach. Co., 155 F. 842 (1st Cir. 1907) 72–73, 79
United States v. Bent-Santana, 774 F.2d 1545 (11th Cir. 1985) 57, 60
United States v. Duarte-Acero, 296 F.3d 1277 (11th Cir. 2002), ildc 1922 (US 2002) 76
United States v. Ferris, 19 F.2d 925 (n.d. Cal. 1927), 4 ilr 193 222n.1011
United States v. McCullagh, 221 F. 288 (D. Kan. 1915) 86n.384United States v. Percheman, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 51 (1933) 51n.182, 84n.378
United States v. Postal, 589 F.2d 862 (5th Cir.1979), 91 ilr 509, ildc 1876 (US 1979) 6, 62n.239, 64n.252, 68–69, 71n.289, 72, 85, 196
United States v. Rauscher, 119 U.S. 407 (1886) 201–202
United States v. Shauver, 214 F. 154 (e.d. Ark. 1914) 86n.384
United States v. Steinberg, 478 F. Supp. 29 (n.d. Ill. 1979) 239
United States v. Yousef, 327 F.3d 56 (2d Cir. 2003), ildc 305 (US 2003) 88
United States ex rel. Martinez-Angosto v. Mason, 344 F.2d. 673 (2d Cir. 1965), 42 ilr 232 52, 77
United States Mach. Co. v. Duplesis Shoe Mach. Co., 115 F. 842 (1st Cir. 1907) 72
Von Dardel v. U.S.S.R., 623 F. Supp. 246 (d.d.c. 1985), 77 ilr 258 275
Ware v. Hylton, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 199 (1796) 50n.181, 78
Warren v. United States, F.2d 919 (2d Cir. 1950) 44n.158
Warren v. United States, 340 U.S. 523 (1951), 19 ilr 464 44, 68, 72, 77, 185n.850
Whitney v. Robertson, 124 U.S. 190 (1888) 51, 73, 86
Willis v. St. Paul Sanitation Co., 48 Minn. 140, 50 n.w. 1110 (Minn. 1892) 53