This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 703829
The international workshop of the ACTECH project has been supported by:
Cover illustration: Mural painting from the “vault of the crafts” of Quṣayr ʿAmra depicting the production of an ashlar with the help of different kinds of axes and a square ruler. Courtesy of Ignacio Arce.
The Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available online at https://catalog.loc.gov
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022030124
Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface.
ISSN 2213-3844
ISBN 978-90-04-51679-3 (hardback)
ISBN 978-90-04-51645-8 (e-book)
Copyright 2022 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Hotei, Brill Schöningh, Brill Fink, Brill mentis, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Böhlau and V&R unipress.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Requests for re-use and/or translations must be addressed to Koninklijke Brill NV via brill.com or copyright.com.
This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner.



