Abbreviations
The Assyriological abbreviations used in the body of this work and the bibliography can be found in the following sources: Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative,1 Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, and the Archiv für Orientforschung. Selected and additional abbreviations include:
| ABRT |
J.A. Craig. 1896. Assyrian and Babylonian Religious Texts. Volumes 1–2. Assyriologische Bibliothek. Leipzig: J.C. Hinrichs. |
| ARN |
M. Çig, M., H. Kizilyay, and F.R. Kraus. 1952. Altbabylonische Rechtsurkunden aus Nippur. Istanbul: Milli Eǧitim Basimevi. |
| BBSt |
L.W. King. 1912. Babylonian Boundary Stones and Memorial Tablets in the British Museum. London: British Museum. |
| BER 4 |
W.J. Hinke. 1907. A New Boundary Stone of Nebuchadrezzar I from Nippur. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania. |
| BHT |
S. Smith. 1924. Babylonian Historical Texts relating to the Capture and Downfall of Babylon. London: Methuen. |
| BI |
The Banca d’Italia Collection in Rome. |
| Brett |
H.H. von der Osten. 1936. Ancient Oriental Seals in the Collection of Mrs. Agnes Baldwin Brett. OIP 37. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. |
| CANES |
E. Porada. (ed.) 1948. Corpus of Ancient Near Eastern Seals in North American Collections, I: The Collection of the Pierpont Morgan Library. Washington: Pantheon Books. |
| CCO |
L. Delaporte. 1920–1923. Musée du Louvre, Catalogue des cylindres orientaux, cachets et pierres gravées de style oriental. 2 Volumes. Paris: E. Leroux. |
| CMAwR |
Tz. Abusch and D. Schwemer. 2011–2020. Corpus of Mesopotamian Anti-witchcraft Rituals. 4 Volumes. AMD 8/1–4. Leiden; Boston: Brill. |
| Deimel ŠL |
A.S.J. Deimel, 1928–. Šumerisches Lexikon. Roma: Pontificio Istituto Biblico. |
| Delaporte BN |
L. Delaporte. 1910. Catalogue des cylindres orientaux et des cachets assyro-babyloniens, perses et syro-cappadociens de la Bibliothèque Nationale. Paris: E. Leroux. |
| ETCSL |
J.A. Black, G. Cunningham, J. Ebeling, E. Flückiger-Hawker, E. Robson, J. Taylor, and G. Zólyomi. 1998–2006. The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, Oxford. Accessible at |
| Genève |
M.-L. Vollenweider, 1996. Catalogue raisonné des sceaux-cylindres et intailles du Musée d’ Art et d’ Histoire de Genève. Genève: Musée d’ Art et d’ Histoire de Genève. |
| Horniman |
Cylinder Seals from the Horniman Museum, London. |
| Jones |
W.H.S. Jones. 1923–1931. Hippocrates. 4 Volumes. Loeb Classical Library nos. 147–150: Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. |
| Kist |
J. Kist. 2003. Ancient Near Eastern Seals from the Kist Collection: Three Millennia of Miniature Reliefs. CHANE 18. Leiden: Brill. |
| PKG 14 |
W. Orthmann. 1975. Der Alte Orient. Propyläen Kunstgeschichte 14. Berlin: Propyläen Verlag. |
| Ojeil |
C. Saporetti, G. Matini, P. Negri Scafa, S. Ticca and S. Viaggio. 2014. Contratti della Collezione Ojeil, Testi della Collezione Ojeil. Roma: Informic@pplicata. |
| SAA 10 |
S. Parpola. 1993. Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. SAA 10. Helsinki: The Neo Assyrian Text Corpus Project. |
| SAAS 1 |
S. Herbordt. 1992. Neuassyrische Glyptik des 8.–7. Jh. v. Chr. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Siegelungen auf Tafeln und Tonverschlüsse. SAAS 1. Helsinki: The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project. |
| Sotheby’s Monaco |
Sotheby’s Sales Catalogue Antiquités et Objets d’ Art. Collection Martine, Comtesse de Béhague, provenant de la succession du Marquis de Ganay, Sotheby’s, Monaco, 5 December 1987. |
| Sotheby’s 1988 |
Sotheby’s (firm). 1988. Ancient glass, ancient jewellery, middle eastern, Egyptian, south Italian, Greek, Etruscan and Roman. |
| TCBI 1 |
F. Pomponio, G. Visicato, and Å. Westenholz. 2006. Le Tavolette cuneiformi di Adab delle collezioni della Banca d’Italia. Volume 1. Roma: Banca d’Italia. |
| TCBI 2 |
F. Pomponio, M. Stol, and Å. Westenholz. 2006. Tavolette cuneiformi di varia provenienza delle collezioni della Banca d’Italia Volume 2. Roma: Banca d’Italia. |
| TCTI 2 |
B. Lafont and F. Yildiz. 1996. Tablettes cunéiformes de Tello au Musée d’ Istanbul datant de l’ époque de la IIIe dynastie d’ Ur. Publications de l’ Institut historique-archéologique néerlandais de Stamboul 77. Leiden: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut te Istanbul. |
| VAR |
A. Moortgat. 1940. Vorderasiatische Rollsiegel. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Steinschneidekunst. Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag. |
| WAS 2 |
D. Collon. 1982. Catalogue of the Western Asiatic Seals in the British Museum 2: Akkadian, Post Akkadian and UrIII Periods. London: British Museum Press. |
| WAS 3 |
D. Collon. 1986. Catalogue of the Western Asiatic Seals in the British Museum: Cylinder Seals 3: Isin-Larsa and Old Babylonian Periods. London: British Museum Press. |
| WAS 5 |
D. Collon. 2001. Catalogue of West Asian Cylinder Seals in the British Museum 5: Neo Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian Periods. London: British Museum Press. |
Accessible at