Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are used throughout the main text as well as in the Tables.
Journals, series, and books
| ÄA |
Ägyptologische Abhandlungen (Wiesbaden) |
| AAA |
Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology (Liverpool) |
| ÄAT |
Ägypten und Altes Testament |
| ÄF |
Ägyptologische Forschungen |
| AeUL |
Ägypten und Levante: Zeitschrift für ägyptische Archäologie und deren Nachbargebiete |
| AJA |
American Journal of Archeology |
| ArchNil |
Archéologie du Nil Moyen |
| ArchVer |
Archäologische Veröffentlichungen |
| ASAE |
Annales du Service des Antiquitiés de l’Égypte |
| ASEg |
Archaeological Survey of Egypt |
| BACE |
Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology |
| BAR-IS |
British Archaeological Reports, International Series |
| BdE |
Bibliothèque d’Étude (IFAO, Cairo) |
| BES |
The Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar |
| BEStud |
Brown Egyptological Studies |
| BIFAO |
Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale |
| BiGen |
Bibliothèque Générale |
| BiOr |
Bibliotheca Orientalis |
| BMFA |
Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts |
| BMMA |
Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art |
| BMPES |
British Museum Publications on Egypt and Sudan |
| BMSAES |
British Museum Studies in Ancient Egypt and Sudan |
| BSAE |
British School of Archaeology in Egypt |
| BSAE/ERA |
British School of Archaeology in Egypt / Egyptian Research Account |
| BSAW |
Berlin Studies of the Ancient World |
| BSEG |
Bulletin de la Société d’Égyptologie Genève |
| BSFE |
Bulletin de la Société française d’Egyptologie. Réunions trimestrielles, Communications archéologiques (Paris) |
| BullEgMus |
Bulletin of the Egyptian Museum |
| BzAe |
Beiträge zur Ägyptologie (Wien) |
| CAENL |
Contributions to the Archaeology of Egypt, Nubia and the Levant |
| CahKarn |
Cahiers de Karnak |
| CAJ |
Cambridge Archaeological Journal |
| CdE |
Chronique d’Égypte |
| CENiM |
Cahiers d’Égypte nilotique et méditerranéenne |
| CG |
Catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire |
| CHANE |
Culture and History of the Ancient Near East |
| DAIK |
Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Kairo |
| DAIK S |
Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Kairo, Sonderschrift |
| DE |
Discussions in Egyptology |
| EAO |
Égypte, Afrique et Oriente |
| ENiM |
Égypte nilotique et méditerranéenne |
| ESLP |
Bernard Bothmer, Egyptian Sculpture of the Late Period 700 B.C. to A.D. 100. New York: Brooklyn Museum 1960 |
| ET |
Études et Travaux |
| EU |
Egyptologische Uitgaven |
| EVO |
Egitto e Vicino Oriente |
| FIFAO |
Fouilles de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire |
| GHP Egyptology |
Golden House Publications Egyptology |
| GM |
Göttinger Miszellen |
| HÄB |
Hildesheimer Ägyptologische Beiträge |
| JAOS |
Journal of the American Oriental Society |
| JAEI |
Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections |
| JARCE |
Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt |
| JEA |
Journal of Egyptian Archaeology |
| JEH |
Journal of Egyptian History |
| JNES |
Journal of Near Eastern Studies |
| JJP |
Journal of Juristic Papyrology |
| JSSEA |
Journal of the Society of the Studies of Egyptian Antiquities (Toronto) |
| KAW |
Kulturgeschichte der Antiken Welt (Mainz am Rhein) |
| KEMI |
Kemi: Revue de Philologie et d’Archéologie Égyptiennes et Coptes |
| LÄ |
Wolfgang Helck and Eberhard Otto (eds.), Lexikon der Ägyptologie. Vols. I–V. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 1975–1989 |
| LD |
Karl Richard Lepsius, Denkmäler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien nach den Zeichnungen der von seiner Majestät dem Koenige von Preussen, Friedrich Wilhelm IV., nach diesen Ländern gesendeten, und in den Jahren 1842–1845 ausgeführten wissenschaftlichen Expedition auf Befehl seiner Majestät. 13 vols. Berlin: Nicolaische Buchhandlung. Online access: |
| LingAeg |
Lingua Aegyptia |
| MÄS |
Münchner Ägyptologische Studien |
| MDAIK |
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo (DAIK) |
| MDIAAK |
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Instituts für Ägyptische Altertumskunde in Kairo [after 1944: MDAIK] |
| MEEF |
Memoir of the Egypt Exploration Fund |
| Memnonia |
Memnonia: Bulletin édité par l’Association pour la sauvegarde de Ramesseum |
| MIFAO |
Mémoires publiés par les membres de l’Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire |
| MIO |
Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung der deutschen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin |
| MJbK |
Münchner Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst |
| MMAB |
Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin |
| MMJ |
Metropolitan Museum Journal |
| MonAeg |
Monumenta Aegyptiaca |
| MRE |
Monographies Reine Élisabeth |
| MSAG |
Mitteilungen der Sudanarchäologischen Gesellschaft zu Berlin |
| OBO |
Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis |
| OEAE |
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt |
| OIP |
Oriental Institute Publications |
| OIS |
Oriental Institute Seminars |
| OLA |
Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta |
| OLP |
Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica |
| OMRO |
Oudheidkundige Mededelingen uit het Rijksmuseum van Oudheden te Leiden |
| Or |
Orientalia |
| PALMA-Eg |
Papers on Archeology of the Leiden Museum of Antiquities. Egyptology |
| PAM |
Polish Archaeology in Mediterranean |
| PdÄ |
Probleme der Ägyptologie (Leiden/Boston/Köln) |
| PM |
Bertha Porter and Rosalind Moss (eds.), The Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Reliefs and Paintings, vols. I–VII, Oxford 1960–. Online access: |
| Ranke, PN |
Hermann Ranke, Die Ägyptischen Personennamen. Vol. I–III. Glückstadt: von J.J. Augustin, 1935–1977 |
| RdE |
Revue d’Égyptologie |
| SAGA |
Studien zur Archäologie und Geschichte Altägyptens |
| SAK |
Studien zur Altagyptischen Kultur |
| SAOC |
Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization |
| SCO |
Studi Classici e Orientali |
| SIE |
Studies in Egyptology (London/New York) |
| SRAT |
Studien zu den Ritualszenen altägyptischer Tempel |
| SSEA |
Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities |
| SsR |
Studien zur spätägyptischen Religion |
| UGAÄ |
Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Altertumskunde Ägyptens |
| VA |
Varia aegyptiaca |
| VicOr |
Vicino Oriente |
| Wb. |
Adolf Erman and Hermann Grapow, Wörterbuch der aegyptischen Sprache. 5 vols. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1971 |
| ZÄS |
Zeitschrift für Ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde |
Other abbreviations
| CEDAE |
Centre d’Études et de Documentation sur l’Ancienne Égypte |
| CFEETK |
Centre Franco-Égyptien d’Étude des Temples de Karnak |
| CLES |
Corpus of Late Egyptian Sculpture, Brooklyn Museum |
| CK (with appropriate number) |
number of record of the Karnak Cachette database created and edited by Laurent Coulon: |
| FIP |
First Intermediate Period |
| GEM |
Global Egyptian Museum. Internet Museum combining objects from the worldwide museum collections, directed by Dirk van der Plas and Mohamed Saleh: |
| GW |
God’s Wife |
| IFAO |
Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale |
| IMOC PAS |
Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, the Polish Academy of Sciences (Warsaw) |
| LP |
Late Period |
| MK |
Middle Kingdom |
| NK |
New Kingdom |
| OK |
Old Kingdom |
| PCMA UW |
Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology, University of Warsaw |
| SCA |
Supreme Council of Antiquities |
| SIP |
Second Intermediate Period |
| TIP |
Third Intermediate Period |
| TT |
Theban tomb |
Abbreviations of museum names (used in text and tables)
| Amsterdam APM |
Allard Pierson Museum, Amsterdam |
| Athens |
National Archaeological Museum of Athens |
| Aix-en-Provence |
Musée Granet, Aix-en-Provence |
| Baltimore |
Walters Art Museum, Baltimore |
| Basel |
Antikenmuseum Basel und Sammlung Ludwig, Basel |
| Berlin |
Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin |
| Berkeley |
Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology, University of California Berkeley |
| BM/British Museum |
British Museum, London |
| Bologna |
Museo Civico Archeologico, Bologna |
| Boston MFA |
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston |
| Bristol |
City Museum, Bristol |
| Brooklyn |
Brooklyn Museum, New York |
| Brussels |
Musées Royaux d’Art et d’Histoire, Brussels |
| Cairo |
Egyptian Museum, Cairo |
| Cambridge |
Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge |
| Chicago FMNH |
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago |
| Chicago OIM |
Oriental Institute Museum of the University of Chicago |
| Cleveland |
Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio |
| Copenhagen AEIN |
Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen |
| Copenhagen NM |
National Museum, Copenhagen |
| Durham |
Oriental Museum, Durham University |
| Dublin |
National Museum of Ireland, Dublin |
| Edinburgh |
National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh |
| Florence |
Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Firenze (Direzione regionale Musei della Toscana) |
| Glasgow |
Hunterian Museum, the Univeristy of Glasgow |
| Hannover |
Museum August Kestner, Hannover |
| Hildesheim |
Römer-Pelizaeus Museum, Hildesheim |
| Jerusalem |
Israel Museum, Jerusalem |
| Kansas |
The Neslon-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City |
| Leiden RMO |
Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, Leiden (National Museum of Antiquities) |
| Lisbon |
Museu Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisbon |
| Liverpool |
Liverpool Museum |
| Louvre |
Musée National du Louvre, Paris |
| Manchester |
Manchester Museum, University of Manchester |
| Michigan |
Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor |
| Moscow |
Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow |
| Munich |
Staatliches Museum Ägyptischer Kunst, Munich |
| Naples |
Museo Nazionale in Naples |
| New York MMA |
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
| Oxford |
Ashmolean Museum, Oxford |
| Parma |
Museo di Antichità, Parma |
| Petrie Museum |
Petrie Museum, UCL London |
| Penn |
Penn Museum, Philadelphia |
| Raleigh |
North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh |
| San Jose |
Rosicrucian Egyptian Museum, San Jose CA |
| Seattle |
Seattle Art Museum |
| St. Louis |
City Art Museum of Saint Louis |
| Stockholm |
Medelhavsmuseet Egyptiska Avdelningen, Stockholm |
| Toulouse |
Musée Georges-Labit, Toulouse |
| Tunisia |
Carthage National Museum |
| Turin |
Museo Egizio, Turin |
| Tübingen |
Museum der Universität Tübingen |
| Thorvaldsens |
Thorvaldsens Museum, Copenhagen |
| Uppsala |
The Victoria Museum of Egyptian Antiquities, Uppsala |
| Ure |
The Ure Museum of Greek Archaeology, the University of Reading, UK |
| Vatican |
Gregorian Egyptian Museum, Musei Vaticani |
| Vienna KHM |
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna |
| Virginia |
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond |
| Warsaw |
Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie (National Museum, Warsaw) |
| Yale |
Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven |
| Zagreb |
Archaeological Museum, Zagreb |