Abbreviations
1 Textgenres
| GN |
Geographical name |
| Lex. |
Lexical text |
| Lit. |
Literary text |
| Math. |
Mathematical text |
| Med. |
Medical text |
| Om. |
Omen text |
| PN(f) |
(female) Personal name |
| Roy. |
Royal inscription |
2 Regions/Dialects
| Akk. |
Akkadian |
| Ass. |
Assyrian |
| Bab. |
Babylonian |
| Diy. |
Diyāla area |
| Elam |
Elam |
| ETigris |
Eastern Tigris region |
| LB |
Late Babylonian |
| MA |
Middle Assyrian |
| MB |
Middle Babylonian |
| MidEuphr. |
Middle Euphrates region |
| NA |
Neo-Assyrian |
| NB |
Neo-Babylonian |
| NBab. |
Northern Babylonia |
| NSyr. |
Northern Syria |
| OA |
Old Assyrian |
| OAkk. |
Old Akkadian |
| OB |
Old Babylonian |
| SB |
Standard Babylonian |
| SBab. |
Southern Babylonia |
| UpMes. |
Upper Mesopotamia |
3 Grammatical Terminology
| acc. |
accusative |
| adv. |
adverb |
| adj. |
adjective |
| affirm. |
affirmative |
| CV(V) |
consonant–vowel(-consonant) (sign) |
| dat. |
dative |
| fem. |
feminine |
| gen. |
genitive |
| I-/II-/III-weak |
verbs or roots with first, second or third weak radical |
| II-geminate |
verbs or roots with identical second and third root consonant |
| imp. |
imperative |
| inf. |
infinitive |
| loc. |
locative case |
| masc. |
masculine |
| nom. |
nominative |
| obj. |
object |
| obl. |
oblique case |
| p. |
person |
| perf. |
perfect |
| pl. |
plural |
| prec. |
precative |
| pred. |
predicate |
| pref. |
prefix |
| prep. |
preposition |
| pres. |
present |
| pret. |
preterite |
| proh. |
prohibitive |
| pron. |
pronoun, pronominal |
| ptc. |
participle |
| sg. |
singular |
| stat. |
stative |
| st. abs. |
status absolutus |
| st. cstr. |
status constructus |
| st. rect. |
status rectus |
| subj. |
subject |
| subord. |
subordinative |
| suff. |
suffix |
| term. |
terminative case |
| VC |
vowel-consonant (sign) |
| vent. |
ventive |
| vet. |
vetitive |
4 Bibliographical Abbreviations
For further bibliographical informations on the following abbreviations s. the website
| AbB |
Altbabylonische Briefe |
| ABIM |
Altbabylonische Briefe des Iraq-Museums |
| AfO |
Archiv für Orientforschung |
| AHw. |
Akkadisches Handwörterbuch |
| AJSL |
The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures |
| Akk. Suppl. |
Akkadica Supplement |
| AnOr. |
Analecta Orientalia |
| AOAT |
Alter Orient und Altes Testament |
| AOATS |
Alter Orient und Altes Testament. Sonderreihe |
| AoF |
Altorientalische Forschungen |
| AOS |
American Oriental Series |
| AOTU |
Altorientalische Texte und Untersuchungen |
| Archibab |
D. Charpin, Archives Babyloniens (XXe–XVIIe siècles av. J.-CV.). |
| ARDēr |
Altbabylonische Rechts- und Wirtschaftsurkunden aus Tell ed-Dēr im Iraq Museum, Bagdad |
| ARM |
Archives Royales de Mari |
| ARN |
Altbabylonische Rechtsurkunden aus Nippur |
| AS |
Assyriological Studies |
| ASJ |
Acta Sumerologica |
| Atr. |
Atra-ḫasīs |
| AUCT |
Andrews University Cuneiform Texts |
| AUWE |
Ausgrabungen in Uruk-Warka. Endberichte |
| BagM |
Baghdader Mitteilungen |
| BAM |
Die babylonisch-assyrische Medizin |
| BAP |
Beiträge zum altbabylonischen Privatrecht |
| BDHP |
Business documents of the Hammurapi period from the British Museum |
| BE |
The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania |
| BIN |
Babylonian Inscriptions in the Collection of James B. Nies, Yale University |
| BiOr. |
Bibliotheca Orientalis |
| BRM |
Babylonian records in the library of J. Pierpont Morgan |
| BWL |
Babylonian wisdom literature |
| CAD |
The Assyrian Dictionary of the University of Chicago |
| CDSmith |
Cuneiform Documents in the Smith College Library |
| CH |
Codex Hammurapi |
| CHJ |
Contribution à l’histoire juridique de la 1re dynastie babylonienne |
| CM |
Cuneiform Monographs |
| CRRAI |
Compte Rendu, Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale |
| CT |
Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum |
| CUSAS |
Cornell University Studies in Assyriology and Sumerology (Bethesda 2007 ff.) |
| Edubba 7 |
F.N.H. Al-Rawi/S. Dalley, Old Babylonian Texts from Private Houses at Abu Habbah, Ancient Sippar. London 2000 |
| FAOS |
Freiburger Altorientalische Studien |
| FM |
Florilegium Marianum |
| Fs. Birot |
J.-M. Durand/J.-R. Kupper (ed.), Miscellanea babylonica: mélanges offerts à Maurice Birot. Paris 1985 |
| Fs. de Meyer |
H. Gasche/M. Tanret/C. Janssen/A. Degraeve (ed.), Cinquante-deux réflexions sur le Proche-Orient ancien: offertes en hommage à Léon De Meyer (= MHEO 2, 1994) |
| Fs. Dussaud |
Mélanges syriens offerts à René Dussaud: par ses amis et ses élèves, 1–2 (= BAH1 30/1–2, 1939) |
| Fs. Pope |
J.H. Marks/R.B. Good (ed.), Love & Death in the Ancient Near East. Guilford 1987 |
| Fs. Reiner |
F. Rochberg-Halton (ed.), Language, Literature and History: Philological and Historical Studies Presented to Erica Reiner (= AOS 67, 1987) |
| Fs. Sjöberg |
H. Behrens/D. Loding/M.T. Roth (ed.), DUMU-E2-DUB-BA-A: studies in honor of Åke W. Sjöberg (= OccPubl. S.N. Kramer Fund 11, 1989) |
| GAG |
W. von Soden, Grundriß der akkadischen Grammatik |
| Gilg. |
Gilgamešepos |
| GKT |
Grammatik der Kültepe-Texte |
| HdO |
Handbuch der Orientalistik |
| HS |
Hilprecht-Sammlung |
| HSS |
Harvard Semitic Series |
| HUCA |
Hebrew Union College Annual |
| Izbu |
Šumma Izbu |
| JAOS |
Journal of the American Oriental Society |
| JCS |
Journal of Cuneiform Studies |
| JEOL |
Journal of the Ancient Near Eastern Society „Ex Oriente Lux“ |
| JNES |
Journal of Near Eastern Studies |
| JRAS |
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland |
| JSS |
Journal of Semitic Studies |
| KAR |
Keilschrifttexte aus Assur religiösen Inhalts |
| Kisurra |
Die altbabylonischen Briefe und Urkunden aus Kisurra |
| KTT |
M. Krebernik, Keilschrifttexte aus Tuttul (Tall Biʿa) (= WVDOG 100, 2001) |
| KUB |
Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazköi |
| LAOS |
Leipziger Altorientalistische Studien |
| LAPO |
Littératures Anciennes du Proche-Orient |
| LB |
Collection de Liagre Böhl |
| LE |
Laws of Ešnuna |
| LIH |
The Letters and Inscriptions of Hammurabi, King of Babylon |
| LSS |
Leipziger Semitistische Studien |
| MAD |
Materials for the Assyrian Dictionary |
| MARI |
MARI. Annales de recherches interdisciplinaires |
| MC |
Mesopotamian Civilizations |
| MCT |
Mathematical Cuneiform Texts |
| MDP |
Mémoires de la Délégation en Perse |
| Mém. de NABU |
Mémoires de NABU |
| MHET |
Mesopotamian History and Environment. Texts |
| MIO |
Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung |
| MKT |
Mathematische Keilschrift-Texte |
| MLVS |
Mededeelingen uit de Leidsche Verzameling van Spijkerschrift-inscripties |
| MRWH |
Mittelbabylonische Rechts- und Wirtschaftsurkunden der Hilprecht-Sammlung Jena |
| MSL |
Materialien zum sumerischen Lexikon |
| MVAeG |
Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatisch-Ägyptischen Gesellschaft |
| NABU |
Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires |
| NAPR |
Northern Akkad Project Reports |
| Nisaba |
Nisaba. Studi assiriologici Messinesi |
| OB Lú |
The Old Babylonian Lu-Series |
| OBO |
Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis |
| OBTI |
Old Babylonian Tablets from Ishchali and Vicinity |
| OBTR |
Old Babylonian Temple Records |
| OECT |
Oxford Editions of Cuneiform Texts |
| OLA |
Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta |
| OLZ |
Orientalistische Literaturzeitung |
| Or. |
Orientalia |
| PBS |
The Museum Publications of the Babylonian Section, University of Pennsylvania |
| PIHANS |
Publications de l’Institut Historique-Archéologique Néerlandais de Stamboul |
| PRAK |
Premières recherches archéologiques à Kich |
| PTS |
Princeton Theological Seminary |
| QS |
Quaderni di Semitistica |
| RA |
Revue d’Assyriologie et d’Archéologie Orientale |
| RATL |
J. Eidem, The Royal Archives from Tell Leilan (= PIHANS 117, 2011) |
| RGTC |
Répertoire géographique des textes cunéiformes |
| RHA |
Revue Hittite et Asianique |
| Riftin |
A.P. Riftin, Staro-Vavilonskie juridičeskie i administrativnye documenty |
| RIMA |
The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods |
| RIME |
The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Early Periods |
| RlA |
Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie |
| SAACT |
State Archives of Assyria. Cuneiform Texts |
| SAD |
M.P. Streck et alii, Supplement to the Akkadian Dictionaries (= LAOS 7) |
| SD |
Studia et Documenta ad Iura Orientis Antiqui Pertinentia |
| SEAL |
M.P. Streck/N. Wasserman, Sources of Early Akkadian Literature |
| Semitica |
Semitica. Cahiers publiés par le Laboratoire d’études sémitiques, Collège de France |
| Shemshara 1 |
J. Eidem/J. Læssøe, The Shemshara Archives. Vol. 1 The Letters |
| Shemshara 2 |
J. Eidem, The Shemshara Archives. Vol. 2. The Administrative Texts |
| SLB |
Studia ad Tabulas Cuneiformes a F.M.Th. de Liagre Böhl Collectas Pertinentia |
| SpTU |
Spätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk |
| STA |
Selected temple accounts from Telloh, Yokha and Drehem: cuneiform tablets in the Library of Princeton University |
| StEL |
Studi Epigrafici e Linguistici sul Vicino Oriente Antico |
| StOr. |
Studia Orientalia |
| Sumer |
Sumer. A journal of archaeology and history in Arab world |
| Syria |
Syria. Archéologie, art et histoire |
| TBP |
Texte zur babylonischen Physiognomatik |
| TCL |
Textes Cunéiformes. Musée du Louvre, Département des antiquités orientales |
| TEBA |
Tablettes économiques et administratives d’époque babylonienne ancienne: conservées au Musée d’art et d’histoire de Genève |
| TIM |
Texts in the Iraq Museum |
| TLB |
Tabulae Cuneiformes a F.M.Th. de Liagre Böhl Collectae Leidae Conservatae |
| TMB |
Textes mathématiques babyloniens |
| TUAT |
Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments |
| TuL |
Tod und Leben nach den Vorstellungen der Babylonier |
| UCP |
University of California Publications |
| UET |
Ur Excavations. Texts |
| UF |
Ugarit-Forschungen. Internationales Jahrbuch für die Altertumskunde Syrien-Palästinas |
| VAB |
Vorderasiatische Bibliothek |
| VOM |
A, Finet (ed.), La voix de l’opposition en Mésopotamie. Bruxelles 1973 |
| VS |
Vorderasiatische Schriftdenkmäler der Königlichen Museen zu Berlin |
| WZKM |
Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes |
| YBC |
Yale Babylonian Collection |
| YOS |
Yale Oriental Series. Babylonian texts |
| ZA |
Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie |
| ZDMG |
Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft |
5 Other Abbreviations
| BC |
before Christ |
| e.g. |
exempli gratia, for example |
| fn. |
footnote |
| lit. |
literally |
| mng. |
meaning |
| n. |
note |
| DN |
divine name |
| r. |
reverse |
| ref. |
reference |
| s.v. |
sub voce |
| var. |
variant |