Figures
1 Paul Cézanne, La Montagne Sainte-Victoire, 1892–95 8
2 Samuel Courtauld 55
3 Georges Seurat, La Baignade, 1884 69
4 Edgar Degas, Miss La La at the Cirque Fernando, 1879 74
5 Vincent van Gogh, Sunflowers, 1888 76
6 Albert Barnes 88
7 Paul Cézanne, Les Grande Baigneuses, 1895–1906 98
8 Cablegram, 29 June 1920 99
9 Drexel & Co. cablegram transfer, 23 July 1920 100
10 Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia, room 22, south wall 108
11 Chaim Soutine, The Pastry Chef, 1919 111
12 Kojiro Matsukata 121
13 Cover of the catalogue for the Exhibition of Contemporary French Art 1924 131
14 Morie Ogiwara, Woman, Bronze, 1910 135
15 Morie Ogiwara, Woman, Plaster, 1910 136
16 Auguste Rodin, Éve, 1897 139
17 Public Library, Museum and National Gallery, Melbourne 146
18 Édouard Manet, Maison à Reuil, c. 1882 163
19 Giambattista Tiepolo, The Banquet of Cleopatra, 1743–1744 164
20 FBC minutes, 23 April 1937 167
21 Paul Cézanne, La Route Montante, 1881 169
22 Edgar Degas, Portrait of a Woman, 1876–1880 170
23 Assis Chateaubriand 185
24 Paul Cézanne, The Negro Scipion, c. 1866 189
25 Chaim Soutine, Great Tree, 1942 190
26 Exhibition Catalogue, Masterpieces from the São Paulo Museum of Art, 1954 193
27 Edgar Degas, The Little Fourteen-Year-Old Dancer, 1880 194
28 Paul Gauguin, Poor Fisherman, 1896 205
Graphs
1 Appreciation of the US dollar against the French franc, 1916–1940 4
2 Twentieth century translocation of Paul Cézanne’s 37 paintings of Mont Sainte-Victoire 10
3 Exhibitions in France, Europe (ex France) and America that included paintings by Cézanne, 1900–1945 15
4 Percentage share of world GDP 21
5 Total merchandise imported to America 23
6 Total merchandise imported to America from France 1918–1940 24
7 French exhibitions of modern French art that included paintings by Cézanne, 1900–1945 33
8 French gold reserves, 1914–1936 36
9 Retail price for bread in Paris, France, 1900–1936 38
10 Appreciation of international currencies against the French franc, 1916–1940 40
11 Share of total income and wages earned by the top 1% of income earners in France 47
12 Top 1% of income as a percentage of total income in France and the United States of America 49
13 Appreciation of the British pound against the French franc, 1916–1940 63
14 Multiple increases in the British pound against the French franc shown with Courtauld’s acquisitions, 1916–1940 66
15 Exchange rate between the British pound and the French franc, January 1924–June 1924 72
16 Appreciation of the United States dollar and British pound against the French franc, 1916–1940 94
17 Multiple increases in the United States dollar against the French franc shown with Barnes’ acquisitions of paintings by Cézanne, 1913–1940 95
18 Exhibitions in America that included paintings by Cézanne, 1900–1945 97
19 Purchase cost of 13 paintings by Paul Cézanne from the Hoogendijk collection by Albert Barnes 103
20 Appreciation of the United States dollar, British pound and Japanese yen, against the French franc, 1916–1940 126
21 Purchase cost of Kojiro Matsukata’s order in August 1918 shown in yen, 1916–1940 30
22 Appreciation of the United States dollar, British pound, Australian pound and Japanese yen against the French franc, 1916–1940 159
23 Population growth in the eight largest Latin American countries, Western Europe and the United States of America, 1870–1973 178
24 Percentage growth of GDP per capita using 1990 international dollars 179
25 Appreciation of the United States dollar, British pound, Australian pound, Japanese yen and Argentinian peso against the French franc, 1916–1940 181
26 Appreciation of the Argentinian peso and Brazilian milreis against the French franc, 1916–1960 183
27 Appreciation of the Brazilian milreis against the French franc and MASP acquisitions of French modernist art 186
B1 Appreciation of the United States dollar, British pound, Australian pound, Japanese yen and Argentinian peso against the French franc, 1916–1940 230
C1 Twentieth century translocation of Paul Cézanne’s 37 paintings of Mont Sainte-Victoire 233
C2 Twentieth century translocation of Vincent van Gogh’s 11 paintings of sunflowers 234
C3 Translocation of Edgar Degas’ 566 sculptures cast between 1918 and 1936 235
D1 Total artworks imported from all countries to the United States 237
D2 Increase in imports of ‘Original paintings and statuary’ versus ‘Works of art 100 years old’ 238
D3 Cross section of the Knoedler dealer stock books, 1900–1960 239
Tables
1 Purchase dates for Paul Cézanne’s paintings of Mont Sainte-Victoire 155
2 FBC international purchasing power in 1921, 1926 and 1939 161
A1 Pre-First World War ‘par’ values to gold 226
C1 Twentieth century translocation of Paul Cézanne’s 37 paintings of Mont Sainte-Victoire 232