Icelandic and Old Norse-Icelandic names as well as medieval names are alphabetized by given name. The alphabetical order is: a á b c d ð e é f g h i í j k l m n o ó p q r s t u ú v w x y ý z þ æ ö/ǫ å
absolution
13 –14 , 30 –31 , 109 –110 , 118 –119 , 129 , 145
Alþingi
14 , 44 –47 , 68 –69 , 80 –81 , 93 –94 , 96 , 97
anathema
9 , 10n15 , 17 –19 , 25 –26
Ari Þorgilsson (d. 1148)
68 –69
Arnórr Tumasson (d. 1221)
102 , 109 , 110 –111 , 112 –114 , 118 , 119 , 125
Arons saga Hjǫrleifssonar
127 , 128 , 129n6 , 136 –137 , 138 , 139 –140 , 151
manuscripts of,
128 , 128n4 , 128n5
Aron Hjǫrleifsson (d. 1255)
4 , 86 , 98 , 101 , 125 , 126 , 127 –128 , 130
outlaw sagas and,
128
pilgrim
142
“Aron’s drápa”
127 –128 , 143 –144
Ármann Jakobsson
142
Árna saga biskups
5 , 32 , 33 –34
Árni Þorláksson, Bishop of Skálaholt (d. 1298)
29 , 31 –34 , 80 –82
Ásbjǫrn, priest
102 –103
bannfæring
see
excommunication, translation into Old Norse-Icelandic
baptism
82 , 89 , 97
Battle at Helgastaðir
see
Helgastaðabardagi
Battle of Víðines
see
Víðinesbardagi
Battle of Ǫrlygsstaðir
see
Ǫrlygsstaðir, Battle of
Beistad, Heidi Anette Øvergård
66
Belgdalsbók (AM 347 fol.)
70n23
Boulhosa, Patricia Pires
70 –71
Brandr Sæmundarson, Bishop of Hólar (d. 1201)
24 , 25
breaking the confessional
93 , 98
Burchard, Bishop of Worms (d. 1025)
11 , 36 , 67 –68
burial, consecrated
13 , 76
ad sanctos
65 , 83
denial of,
8 , 13 , 14 –15 , 78 –79 , 80 –84
development of,
8n10 , 13 –14n34
in Anglo-Saxon sources
84
in Grágás
65
in Iceland
76 –77
in Íslendinga saga
109 –110 , 118 –119
salvation and,
13 –14
burial, unconsecrated
5 , 13 , 84
and suicide
30 , 78 –79n54
canon law
1 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 67
Bishop Árni Þorláksson and,
29 , 32 –34
development in high and late Middle Ages
16 –17
local usage of (ius particulare)
3 , 33 , 97
Sturla Þorðarson’s understanding of
125
translation(s) into Old Norse-Icelandic
29 –32
works known to have been in Iceland
28 –29 , 31 –33
Canterbury
21 –22 , 120
Carella, Bryan
41 –42 , 89 –90
clerical impediment
105
clerical violence
24 –25 , 117
Cnut/Knútr, King of England, Denmark, and Norway (d. 1035)
41 –42 , 66 , 88 , 89 –90
compensation
10n16 , 39 –40 , 44 , 46 , 58 –59 , 61 , 105 , 133 –134 , 145 –146 , 145 –146n79
to church
78 –79
confession
8 , 26 , 80 –81n60 , 136
consecrated ground, origins of,
8n10 , 13 –14n34
consecrated burial
see
burial, consecrated
conversion to Christianity, Iceland
76 –77 , 84 –85
Cormack, Margaret
116
church buildings
ban on entry into,
85
bloodshed and,
22 , 108 –109
sanctuaries
see
, sanctuary
crusader(s)
142
Dalir
108
Decretum, of Gratian
15 –16 , 19 , 21 , 29 , 31 –32 , 36 –37 , 81 –82
Doxey, Gary
142
dreams, prophetic
108
Edwards, Genevieve
37
Eichmann, Eduard
67
Eidsivatings law
90
Einarr Hafliðason (d. 1393)
32
Einarr skemmingr
132
Eiríkr, Archbishop of Niðaróss (d. 1205)
24
excommunication
1 , 4 , 6
abuses of
20 –21
consequences of
8
damnation and,
11 –13 , 15 , 36 –37 , 83
enforcement of
22
early medieval
10
for disobedience
19
formulas for
11 –13 , 33 –34
imposed by bishops (ferendae sententiae)
7 , 18 , 27 , 103
in Icelandic sources
23 , 28
latae sententiae
see
excommunication, Si quis suadente
minor and major
17
Old English
11
political conflicts and,
21 –23 , 99 , 125
rituals
10
secular sanctions and,
8 –10 , 88 –91
Si quis suadente,
5 , 18 –19 , 24 , 29 , 31 –33 , 37 , 82 –83 , 89 , 103 –104 , 116 –117
The Council of Trent and,
20 –21
translation into Old Norse-Icelandic
25 –26 , 27 , 29 –30 , 32 –33 , 116
unjust
15 –16 , 20 –21
exile
22n68 , 50 , 94 –95 , 100 –101 , 122 , 145 , 147 , 149 –150
Eyjafjǫrðr
145
Eyri (farm)
134 –135
Eyjólfr Kársson
85 –86 , 111 –112 , 130 , 131 –132
Fagurey, Breiðafjǫrðr
101
Faulkes, Anthony
147 –148
Fjalla-Eyvindur (Jónsson), útilegumaður
2n3 , 63n112
fjǫrbaugsgarðr
38 , 93
as a fine
50
as temporary banishment from Iceland
50
as uniquely Icelandic
50
for breaches of Church law
26 –27 , 51 –52 , 94 , 98
in the context of Grágás
38
literal meaning of
49
minor excommunication and,
53 , 72 –74
offenses leading to
51
Flateyjarbók (gsk 1005 fol.)
148 –149
Flugumýrarbardagi
117
Fóstbræðra saga
65 , 84 –85 , 149 , 150 –151 , 152
Frederick ii, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1250)
23
Frostathing law, older
51 , 68 –69 , 78 , 84 , 88 –89 , 94 –95
Geirþjófsfjǫrðr
137
Gísla saga Súrsonar
38n110 , 128n4
Gísli Markússon
85 –86
Gísli Súrsson
55 –56 , 85n6 , 128n4 , 136 –137n50 , 139 –140
Glámr
85
Glendinning, Robert
136 –137
Goffredus of Trano (d. 1245)
17 –18 , 28 , 75 –76
Gratian
15 –16 , 52n66 , 78 –79n54 , 81 –82
Grágás
1 , 26 , 52 , 68 , 70 –72 , 93 –94 , 129
Konungsbók manuscript
see
Konungsbók, Grágás
Staðarhólsbók manuscript
see
Staðarhólsbók, Grágás
Grettir Ásmundarson
55 –56 , 84 –85n76 , 139 –140 , 141 , 147 –148n87
buried as Christian
84 –85
not entering a church
86
St. Olaf and,
147 –148
Grettis saga
38 , 55 –56 , 84 –85 , 84 –86 , 152
Grímsey
114 , 130 , 131 –132 , 133 –134 , 135 , 136 –137 , 138 , 141
Grímseyjarför
114 , 130 , 131 –132 , 133 –134 , 135 , 136 –137 , 138 , 141
Guðmundr Arason, Bishop of Hólar (d. 1237)
4 , 99 , 102 , 112
Aron Hjǫrleifsson and,
98 , 127 –128 , 136 –140 , 142
final years
114n96
protector of outlaws
106 , 109 –110 , 119
sagas of
23 –24n72
Thomas Becket as model
120 –121
Guðmundr inn seki
85 –86
Guðmundar saga B
117 –118n111 , 123 , 127 –128
Guðrún Ása Grímsdóttir
125
Guðrún Nordal
133 –134
Gulathing law, older
43 , 61 , 68 –69 , 72 –75 , 78 , 84
Gulathing law, newer Christian
29 , 80 –81
Hafliði Másson (d. 1130)
68 –69
Hallr Kleppjárnsson
103 –105 , 117
Haraldr harðráði, Norwegian king (d. 1066)
142
Haraldr Sæmundarson
86 , 133 –134
Hauksbók (am 544 4to)
28n95 , 75 –76n41 , 150 –151 , 152
Hákon Hákonarson, Norwegian king (d. 1263)
90 –91 , 98 , 129 , 130 , 132 –133 , 141 –142 , 143 , 147 , 150 –151
Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar
100 , 118
Helgastaðabardagi (1220)
113 , 134 –135
Helgi Skúli Kjartansson
71
Henry ii, English king (d. 1189)
21 –22 , 99 , 120 , 121 , 122 , 124
heresy
7 , 19 , 21 , 88
“Heyr himna smiður”
107 , 113
Hincmar, Bishop of Rheims (d. 882)
9 –10 , 15n41
Hítardalr
131
Hjǫrleifr Gilsson
139 –140
Holy Land
129 , 142 , 143 –145
Hólar
70n23 , 104 , 107 –108 , 111 –112 , 112n84 , 113 –114 , 131 –132 , 141
Hrafn Sveinbjarnarson (d. 1213)
130
Icelandic Homily book
26 , 76 –77
interdict
14 , 22
Íslendinga saga
65 , 99 , 100 , 102 , 108 , 115 –116 , 118 –120 , 124 , 127 –128 , 134 , 136 , 138 , 141 , 144 , 155 –156
Íslendingabók
65
Jarl Skúli Bárðarson (d. 1240)
142 , 143 , 147
Járnsíða
38 , 43 , 60 , 62 , 70 , 100 –101 , 115 , 129
Jerusalem, see also Holy Land,
130 , 138 , 142 , 143 , 144 –145n74
John, English king (d. 1216)
23n69
Jones, Gwyn,
50 , 53 –54 , 70 –71 , 76
Jón Halldórsson, priest
117
Jón rauði, Archbishop of Niðaróss (d. 1282)
22n68
Jónsbók
1 , 51 –52 , 59 –62 , 66 , 74 , 129 , 138 –139 , 151
judicial ordeal
14 –15n39 , 110 , 118 , 123
jurisdiction(s)
5 , 8 –9n13 , 22 , 36 , 58 –59 , 61 , 77 –78 , 88 –89 , 91 –92 , 93 , 94 –95 , 115 –116 , 119 , 121 –122 , 124 , 125 , 150
Jörundr, Archbishop of Niðaróss (d. 1309)
35
Kálfr Guttormsson
145
Kolbeinn Tumason (d. 1208)
4 , 124 , 125
Bishop Guðmundr Arason and,
102 , 105 , 120
death of,
107 , 110 , 117 –119 , 122 –124
excommunication of,
103 , 104
Kolbeinn ungi Arnórsson (d. 1245)
114note 95
Konungsbók manuscript of Grágás (gks 1157 fol.)
43 –44 , 46 , 47 , 48 –49 , 51 , 52 –53 , 57 , 61 , 68 –69 , 71 , 77 –79 , 80 , 94 , 151 , 152
Kristinréttr Árna Þorlákssonar
29 –30 , 80 –81 , 89 , 91 –92
Kristinna laga þáttr
2 –3 , 78 –79
Landnámabók
38
Lange, Gudrun
133
Lateran, Fourth Council (1215)
15 –16
Lateran, Second Council (1139)
18
Laurentius Kálfsson, Bishop of Hólar (d. 1331)
32 , 33 –35 , 90 –91
Lára Magnúsardóttir
6 , 23 –24 , 26 , 66 , 96
Lárentíus saga biskups
5 , 33 –34 , 90 –91
lesser outlawry
see
fjǫrbaugsgarðr
Liber extra (Decretales Gregorii ix)
5 , 13 –14n35 , 29 , 31 –32 , 36 , 93n105 , 103n21
Liebermann, Felix
66 , 96
Logan, F. Donald
16 –17 , 19 –20
Louis iv, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1347)
23
Lyon, First Council of (1245)
15
Magnús Hákonarson “lagabætir,” Norwegian king (d. 1280)
60n97 , 125
maiming of clerics
24 , 116 , 117
Maitland, Frederic William
66 , 96 –97
manuscript(s)
3 –4 91 –92
of Frostathing law, older
43
of Grágás
65 , 71 –72 , 155
of Gulathing law, older
43
of Merovingian laws
40 –41
of outlaw sagas
54 , 56 , 62
Marafioti, Nicole
84
Málmey
131 –132
McSweeney, Thomas
70 –71
miracle(s)
112 , 114 –115 , 120 , 136 –137 , 138
Mǫðruvellir
107
Niðaróss
23 –24 , 28 , 111 , 119
cathedral canons of,
35 , 90 –91
Nikolaus Árnason, Bishop of Oslo (d. 1225)
111
Nilsson, Bertil
82 –83 , 98
Njáls saga
38 , 76 , 115 , 132note 25
Norway, Icelandic submission to
1 –2 , 51 –60
Oddi
86 , 103 , 113 , 134 –135 , 139
Ogmundr sneis
107 –108
Old English
11 , 41 –43 , 145 –146n79
ordeal
see
judicial ordeal
Ormr Jónsson
134
outlawry
2 , 38
as hell
139 –140
Church law and,
30 –31 , 93
consequences of
45
district
54n75 , 145
escaping or annulling
46
full
38 , 44 , 57 , 86 –87 , 151 , 152 see also, skóggangr
in early English/Anglo-Saxon law
41 –42
in Merovingian law
39 –41 Salic law
in saga literature
2 , 54 , 57
landscape and,
56
lesser
see
fjǫrbaugsgarðr
Norwegian legal influence on Iceland and,
60
political
56 –57 , 99 , 125
social status and,
54 –55
state power and,
57
outlaw(s)
burial of
79 –80 , 84 –85
forbidden in churches
85
helping or associating with
47 –48 , 72 –74 , 103
impunity for killing
45 –46 , 80 , 106
kings and,
60 , 147 , 152 –153
óferjandi
43 –46 , 61 , 77 , 135
Óláfr Haraldsson, Norwegian king
see
St. Olaf
Óláfr Þórðarson, hvítaskáld (d. 1259)
101 , 143 –144
penance
7 , 72 , 94 –95 , 103 , 145 –146n79
papal ban (papal excommunication), see also excommunication, Si quissuadente
5 , 31 –33
papal letters
19 –20 , 23 –24
Páll Jónsson, Bishop of Skálaholt (d. 1211)
103
pilgrimage
21 –22 , 89 , 95 , 126 , 129 , 130 , 138 , 141 , 142 , 143 –144 , 147
as atonment
89 , 94 –95 , 144 –146
as atonment for outlawry
129 , 139 , 141 –142 , 145 , 146 , 152 –153
Pope Clement iii (d. 1191)
24
Pope Gregory vii (d. 1085)
8 , 72
Pope Innocent iv (d. 1254)
15 , 36
Pope Leo i (d. 461)
8n10 , 13 –14 , 83
Pope Nicholas iii (d. 1280)
19 –20n60
privilegium fori
99 , 102 –103 , 115 –116 , 120 –122 , 124 see also, jurisdiction
Quoniam multos
8 , 72 –75
Rauðasandr
85
Raymond of Penyafort (d. 1275)
28 , 29n96 , 31 –32n108 , 75 –76n41
Regino of Prüm (d. 915)
67 –68
Reykholt
110
ritual, for excommunication
10 , 33
River Jordan
143 –144 , 152
Rohrbach, Lena
71
Rome
13 , 144 –145n74 , 145 –146
Rǫgnvaldr Kársson
132 –133
sacrament(s)
7 , 8 –9 , 17 –18 , 22
St. Olaf, King Óláfr Haraldsson, St. Olav, Norwegian king (d. 1030)
30 –31 , 69 –70 , 84 –85 , 148 –151
Salic law(s)
39 –42
sanctuary
8 , 40 –41 , 61 –62 , 86 –87 , 108
in the context of fjǫrbaugsgarðr
38 , 76
sekr
38 , 57 , 60
Si quis suadente
see
excommunication, Si quis suadente
Sighvatr Sturluson (d. 1238)
108 , 112 –114 , 130 , 132 , 140 –141 , 146 –147
Sigurðr Ormsson
103 –105 , 117
Siuts, Hinrich
67 –68
Skagafjǫrðr
108 , 131 –132 , 134 –135
Skarðsbók (am 350 fol.)
81 –82n63
Skálaholt
29 , 70n23 , 103
skogar kaup
65 , 94 –95
skógarmaðr/skógarmenn,
38 , 46 , 57 , 63 , 115n100 , 132 –133 , 144 see also, outlawry, full and skóggangr
skóggangr
38 , 57 , 82 –83 , 86 –87 , 89 , 151 , 152
Skæringr, cleric
105 –106 , 109
Snorri Sturluson (d. 1241)
100 –101 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 147
Staðarhólsbók (am 334 fol.), manuscript of Grágás
38 , 44 , 45 –46 , 47 , 60 , 68 –69 , 70 , 75 , 79 –80 , 93
Stiklastaðir, Battle of
84 –85 , 149 –150
Sturla Þórðarson, historian and lawman (d. 1284)
99 –102 , 120
Bishop Guðmundr Arason and,
101 , 110 –111
Íslendinga saga and,
99 –102
knowledge of canon law
125
knowledge of secular law
100 –101 , 115
ordeal and,
118
The Norwegian court and,
100 –101
Sturla Sighvatsson (d. 1238)
129 –130 , 132 , 133 –136 , 140 –141
Sturlunga saga
99 , 112
Sturlung family
100 –101 , 129 , 134 –135 , 136 , 146 –147
Sveinbjarnarsons (sons of Hrafn Sveinbjarnarson)
134 –135 , 135n42
Sæmundr Jónsson, of Oddi (d. 1222)
103
Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274)
15
Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1170)
21 –22 , 101 , 120 –122 , 124
Thómas saga Erkibyskups
21 –22n65 , 99 , 122
Thómasskina, gks 1008 fol.
120
Treharne, Elaine
89 –90
Trondheim
136 , 139 –140
Tumi Sighvatsson (d. 1222)
113 –114 , 130 –132 , 140 –141 , 152
udaða menn
5 , 30 –31 , 78
unbaptized, denied consecrated burial
77 –78
Úlfar Bragason
152
Úlfljótr
68 –69
útilegumaður/útilegumenn
2 , 63
Víðinesbardagi
107 , 117
Vodola, Elisabeth
8 –9 , 10
vow(s)
142 , 143 , 145 –146
wargus, as term for outlaw
39 –41
in Grágás, Konungsbók
41n14
Westfjords
85 , 108 , 128n4 , 132 –133 , 136 –137 , 138 , 141
William Rufus, English king (d. 1100)
122
William ii
see
William Rufus
Winroth, Anders x,
97n115
Wormald, Patrick
69 –70
Þorgeirr Hávarsson,
84 –85 , 148 –149
Þorlákr Ketilsson (d. 1240)
131
Þorlákr Þórhallsson, saint, Bishop of Skálaholt (d. 1193)
23 –24n71 , 24 , 25
Þormóðr Bersason
84 –85 , 147 –148n87 , 148 –150
Þórarinn Jónsson
134
Þórðr kakali Sighvatsson (d. 1256)
117n110 , 135 , 146 –147
Þórðr Sturluson (d. 1237)
100 –101 , 114n96 , 134 –135 , 143 –144n72
Ǫrlygsstaðir, Battle of
135 , 135n42 , 146 –147
Åqvist, Gösta
58 –59 , 66