Figures
1 Leander swimming to Hero. Casa dei Vettii, Pompeii, wall fresco. Photograph A. Krüss, Hamburg. Europeana Website from KU Leuven Libraries. https://www.europeana.eu/en/item/2024903/photography_ProvidedCHO_KU_Leuven_9988815670101488. Public Domain 31
2 Cloelia and her fellow hostages escape from Lars Porsenna by swimming across the Tiber. Guidoccio di Giovanni Cozzarelli, The Legend of Cloelia, cassone, tempera and gold on wood, c. 1480. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession number 11.126.2. Public domain 39
3 The Shipwreck Krater, Pithekoussai, c. 725–700 BCE. “The Maritime History Podcast.” http://maritimehistorypodcast.com/ep-026-sailing-advice-from-hesiod-the-farmer-poet/screen_shot_2014-02-21_at_80838_pm-144575a2d6767fd67f7/ 55
4 Caesar’s swim at Alexandria. Jan Luyken, print, 1690. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, accession no. RP-P-1896-A-19368-845, ID no. 143588. Creative Commons 128
5 Horatius Cocles escapes by swimming in the Tiber after defending the bridge from Etruscan attack. Diana Scultori, engraving after Giulio Romano, c. 1575–88. Los Angeles, Lacma, Mary Stansbury Ruiz Bequest (M.88.91.153). Public domain 135
6 Civilis swims to safety after attacking four camps of the Romans. Antonio Tempesta, etching after Otto van Veen, Romanorum et Batavorum societas, plate 31. Rome, 1611. Public domain 147
7 Erik the Eloquent rescues King Frothi III. Olaus Magnus, Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus, 353. Rome, 1555 205
8 Soldier equipped with a ring float. Olaus Magnus, Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus, 356. Rome, 1555 207
9 Dogfish attacking a foreign sailor as he goes for a swim. Olaus Magnus, Historia de gentibus septentrionalibus, 764. Rome, 1555 209
10 Piero della Francesca, Madonna di Senigallia, 1470. Urbino, Galleria Nazionale delle Marche 228
11 Wasserkirche, Zurich. Jos (Jodocus) Murer, Murerplan (detail). Zurich, 1576 251
12 Swimmer partially underwater as he imitates a dolphin. Everard Digby, De arte natandi libri duo, Sig. P1v. London, 1587 288
13 Sebastiano Filippi, detto Bastianino, Nuoto, frescoed ceiling panel after Pirro Ligorio. Ferrara, Salone dei Giochi, Castello Estense, c. 1574–76. Sailko, Photograph, 17 February 2016. Wikipedia Commons. Creative Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Castello_estense_di_ferrara,_int.,_salone_dei_giochi,_affreschi_di_bastianino_e_ludovico_settevecchi_(post_1570)_06.JPG. With the kind permission of the administrators of the Provincia di Ferrara 290