Index of Names and Subjects
ʿAbbās b. Firnās (d. 887)
23, 24, 124, 154–5, 352, 683
ʿAbbās b. Nāṣiḥ (d. after 844)
6, 7, 23, 220, 683, 709
Abbon abbot of Fleury (fl. 988–1004)
398
ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Qādir Abī l-Shaykh al-Lakhmī (fl. 1668)
899–901
ʿAbd Allāh b. Aḥmad al-Ṭulayṭulī (fl. 1066)
161, 215–218
ʿAbd Allāh Aṣnāk al-Marrākushī (fl. ca. 1655)
272, 899, 900–1
ʿAbd Allāh ibn Buluqqīn, king of Granada (r. 1073–1090)
164, 167–9
ʿAbd Allāh Ḥusayn Quṣʿa b. Muḥammad b. Ḥusayn al-Ḥanafī al-Tūnisī (fl. 1680)
817
ʿAbd Allāh b. Masrūr (first half of the 10th c.)
244
ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Tamīmī al-Kātib, governor of Ifrīqiyā (974–987)
251–2
ʿAbd Allāh al-Naṣrānī (9th c.)
823
ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣanhājī al-Dādisī, muwaqqit in Marrakesh (?)
816
ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Ḥabīb (d. ca. 853) Kitāb fī l-nujūm
3, 50, 85, 147, 158
ʿAbd al-Malik b. Zaydān, Abū Marwān, sultan of Morocco (1627–30)
896
ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, Almohad Caliph (1133–1163)
9
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān I Umayyad amīr of Córdoba (756–788)
131
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān II Umayyad amīr of Córdoba (821–852)
2, 7, 134, 154–6, 158, 352, 683
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Lujāʾī al-Fāsī, Abū Zayd (d. 1371)
18, 127
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān III al-Nāṣir Umayyad Caliph of Córdoba (912–961)
6, 141, 158, 220
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Fāsī (1631–1685)
899–900
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rustum (778–788)
7
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Ṣūfī (903–998)
335, 561, 564, 642, 647–8, 654, 687, 822–5
ʿAbd al-Wād dynasty in Tilimsān (1236–1550)
10
ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. Rustum (788–824)
7
Abraham ibn Dāwūd (fl. ca. 1148–1180)
189
Abraham ibn ʿEzra (ca. 1089–ca. 1167)
26, 27, 189, 191–197, 203, 209, 213, 235, 250, 255, 271, 279–80, 292, 294–296, 301, 303, 313, 321, 690, 832, 846, 856, 866–7, 886, 888, 904; recensions of his astrological works 191–193; Hebrew and Latin texts 191–193; travels 191; Arabic sources 193–4; factors that alter the results of nativity horoscopes 195; horoscopes 196–7; other translations of Ibn ʿEzra’s works 197; Liber de rationibus tabularum 194–5, 642–3, 655, 661, 687, 689, 704, 821–2; on the use of the astrolabe 414–17; Luḥot 821–2; Tabulae Pisanae 687, 822; almanac 878, 880–902
Abraham bar Ḥiyya (ca. 1070–1145)
27, 153, 186, 189–191, 690, 831–2, 856, 866–71, 904; Yesodeh ha–tebunah u migdal ha-emunah 189–190; Sefer ha-ʿibbur 189; Ṣūrat ha-ʾareṣ 189, 567–8, 572–3, 704; Megillat ha-megalleh and astrological history 190, 304, 307–319; Sefer tiqqun ha-tequfot min ha-luhot ha-ʿeleh 190, 821; Sefer Heshbon mahalakhot ha-kokhavim 820; Luḥot ha-nasiʾ 820–1
Abraham Hebreo, scientific collaborator of Alfonso X (fl. 1264–77)
477, 555–6
Abraham Zacut
;
see Zacut
Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Muʾaddib (?, before 1400)
75
Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan al-Marrākushī
:
see Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī al-Marrākushī:
Abū Bakr al-Munajjim al-Khulānī (fl. ca. 1050–1090)
163
Abū Bakr ibn Yūsuf (fl. 1208–18)
401
Abū l-Barakāt al-Baghdādī (11th–12th c.)
540–1, 824
Abū Ḥafṣ ʿUmar b. Ḥafṣ b. Abī Tammām (d. 928)
502–3
Abū Ḥāmid al-Gharnāṭī (d. 1169): al-Muʿrib ʿan baʿḍ ʿajāʾib al-Maghrib
86, 145, 146
Abū Ḥammū Mūsā (1359–1389), sultan of Tilimsān
122
Abū Ḥanīfa al-Dīnawārī (d. 895)
638, 767
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī, Merinid sultan of Morocco (1331–1351)
8, 13, 173–4, 179, 797
Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī al-Marrākushī: (late 13th c.) Kitāb al-mabādiʾ wa l-ghāyāt
17, 104, 334–5, 350–1, 403, 406, 407, 429–30, 463, 464, 471, 489–90, 504, 577, 586, 600, 612, 615–6, 655, 658, 704, 739, 743, 748, 812. 828
Abū ʿInān, Merinid sultan (1348–1358)
14, 122, 307
Abū Isḥāq al-Zajjāj (d. 923)
638
Abū Jaʿfar al-Sulamī (d. 1346) Tawassuṭ al-manāzil fī l-shuhūr bi maʿrifat waqt al-fajr wa l-ṣuḥūr
87
Abū Kursūm al-Yahūdī
:
see Jacob Corsuno
Abū Maʿshar (ca. 786–886)
183–4, 194, 209, 221, 233, 235, 240, 244, 275, 288, 302, 304, 313, 318, 321, 767, 779, 850
Abū Miqraʿ/Muqriʿ/Maqraʿ, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Baṭṭīwī (fl. 1320)
16, 46, 47, 51, 52, 73, 75, 78, 86
Abū l-Qāsim b. Sirāj (first half of the 15th c.)
45
Abū l-Qāsim b. Ḥasan al-Shaddād (fl. 1345)
113
Abū l-Qāsim al-Zahrāwī (ca. 936–ca. 1013)
510
Abū l-Ṣalt Umayya b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Abī l-Ṣalt (ca. 1068–1134)
403, 405–7, 414–5, 471; equatorium 487–9, 498
Abū Tāshufīn I (1318–1337), sultan of Tilimsān
122
Abū Yaʿqūb Yūsuf, Almohad caliph (r. 1163–1184)
169
Abū Yūsuf al-Manṣūr, Almohad caliph (r. 1184–99)
751
Abū Yūsuf Yaʿqūb, Merinid sultan (1258–1286)
143
Abū l-Yusr al-Shaybānī (d. 911)
5
Adelard of Bath (fl. 1116–1142)
27, 53, 688–690
al-Afḍal, minister of the Fatimid Caliph al-Mustaʿlī (1094–1101)
405, 498
Aflaḥ b. Rustum (824–872)
7
Aghbāl, Sīdī ʿAbd al-Karīm (fl. ca. 1700–1797)
900–1
Aghlabī dinasty in the Maghrib (800–910)
5
Aḥkām al-ṣulub
:
see crosses
Aḥmad b. Abī l-Ḥusayn, Kalbī emir of Sicily (d. 1036)
227–8, 251
Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dahmānī (fl. 1450)
106
Aḥmad b. ʿAlī al-Sharafī (fl. 1328)
401
Aḥmad b. Fāris al-Munajjim (fl. ca. 968–982), Mukhtaṣar fī l-anwāʾ
50, 85–86, 142, 159–160
Aḥmad b. Jumhūr al-Judāmī (d. 1229) Qaṣīda fī maʿrifat al-mutawassiṭ min al-manāzil fī waqt al-fajr
9, 87–93
Aḥmad al-Maṣyūb/Maṣʿūb al-Fāsī (d. 1613)
896
Aḥmad b. Muḥammad Bū Daydāḥ al-Qayrawānī (fl. before 1737)
818
Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Hārūn al-Hadabī (fl. 1328)
401
Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Naqqāsh (fl. 1080)
400
Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Yaḥṣubī al-Qurṭubī (12th c.)
9
Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Anṣārī, astrologer of Muḥammad VI of Granada (1360–62)
12, 13
Aḥmad b. Qāsim b. ʿAmmār al-Sūsī (fl. 1842)
113
Aḥmad b. ʿUmar al-Kabbī (fl. 1585)
402
Aḥmad b. ʿUthmān al-Asṭurlābī, Abū ʿAlī (first half of the 10th c.)
354, 373
Aḥmad b. Yūsuf b. al-Dāya, Abū Jaʿfar (d. ca. 944)
181, 183
Albertus Magnus (ca. 1193–1280)
543
Alchandreana
20, 219–223
Alchandreus
219
Alexander Macedo
219
Alfonso I of Aragon (1104–1134)
21, 26, 690
Alfonso IV of Portugal (1326–1367)
13, 38, 206
Alfonso V of Aragón (1416–1458)
207
Alfonso V of Portugal (1438–1481)
213
Alfonso VI of Castile (1065–1109)
21, 166, 578
Alfonso X of Castile (1252–1284)
23, 32, 33
Alfonsine works
34–36, 122, 125–126, 794, 871; Alfonsine collaborators 36, 198.
Alfonsine Tables
35, 40, 42, 49, 54, 198, 285, 303, 310, 348, 444–5, 554–5, 679, 704, 725, 754, 814, 827–858, 865, 867–71, 873, 885, 889, 896, 901, 904; trepidation 642, 643–649, 857, 859, 874; lunar equation of anomaly 692, 779; solar, lunar and planetary velocities 808, 834–5; Ibn al-Zarqālluh’s lunar correction 833–4; Islamic context of the Castilian canons 835–6; Tabulae resolutae 40, 41, 830, 840; sexagesimal structure 840–4; chronological tables 841–4; connection with the Marāgha observatory? 372, 828.
Libro conplido en los iudizios de las estrellas
198, 228–254; horoscope of the translation 198–200, 832, 856.
Libro de las cruzes
556;
see crosses
.
Libro del saber de astrología
325, 556, 709, 827: Libro de la açafeha 262, 450, 556–7; Libro de la alcora or de la fayçon dell espera 262, 281, 330–341; Libro de las armellas 269, 281, 285, 287, 353, 368–72; Libro del astrolabio llano 137, 262, 271, 421, 432–440, 444–5, 851, 856, 879; Libro del astrolabio redondo 269, 271, 341–352, 377, 444–5; Libro del ataçyr 269, 290; Libro de las estrellas fixas/ IV Libros de la ochava espera 555, 563–4, 647, 854; Libro de la lámina universal 262, 443–450; Libro primero de las láminas de los siete planetas 476–9; Libro segundo de las láminas de los siete planetas 479–487; Libro del quadrante para rectificar 444–5, 851, 879; Libro del relogio del agua 125–126, 348, 444–5; Libro del relogio del argent vivo 125–126, 555; Libro del relogio de las candelas 122; Libro del relogio de la piedra de la sombra 114–5, 629, 837–9, 856.
Libro del quadrante sennero
474–5, 857
Translation of al-Battānī’s canons
684, 856–7
Translation of Ibn al-Haytham’s Fī hayʾat al-ʿālam
553–567; Alfonso X was not very interested in cosmology 554–5; a restructured translation 556–60; references to other Alfonsine works 560–61; terminology 561–4; figura pinee/pineata/pineatum 562–4; wrong position of the equant point in the model for the superior planets 565; other errors 566–7.
Partidas
843–4
Setenario
555
Alfonso XI of Castile (1312–1350)
13, 179, 206
Alfonso de Córdoba (1458–ca. 1502)
42; Lumen coeli 42; Tabule astronomice Elisabeth Regine 42, 867, 869–70, 873
Alfonso Dinis (ca. 1300–1350)
38, 206, 208
ʿAlī ibn Abī ʿAlī al-Qusanṭīnī, Abū l-Ḥasan (fl. 1359–61)
12, 13, 56, 173, 619, 623, 624–6, 642, 660, 675, 714–720, 903; computation of planetary longitudes 716; influence of Ibn al-Zarqālluh and the school of Ibn Isḥāq 717
ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-ʿImrānī (d. 955) Kitāb al-ikhtiyārāt
180, 186
ʿAlī b. Aḥmad al-Ṣanhājī al-Tilimsānī ibn al-Faḥḥām, Abū l-Ḥasan (fl. 1357)
18, 122–3, 127–8
ʿAlī b. Khalaf, Abū l-Ḥasan b. Aḥmar al-Ṣaydalānī/al-Shajjār (11th c.): universal plate
262, 285, 440–1, 443–450, 465, 466, 468; meridian stereographic projection 441–3; relative chronology of the three universal astrolabes 460–2
ʿAlī b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Faraj (fl. 1608)
402
ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Azdī (fl. 1544)
402
ʿAlī ibn Mūsā al-Lakhmī al-Qarabaqī (d.1440)
45
ʿAlī ibn Riḍwān (998–1061)
208, 322
ʿAlī b. Shadhān b. Mūsā b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥasanī (fl. 1317)
767
ʿAlī b. Sulaymān al-Zahrāwī al-Ḥāsib (fl. end of 10th c.), Risāla fī maʿrifat saʿat al-mashriq
45
ʿAlī b. Yūsuf b. Tashfīn Almoravid caliph (1106–1143)
8, 143
Alidades (triquetrum?)
324–5
Almanacs
37, 38, 39, 40, 153, 202, 726, 877–8, 880–902
Almanach of Tortosa
121, 884–5
Almohads (ca. 1147–1276)
7, 8, 9, 10, 169–171
Almoravids (ca. 1050–ca. 1147)
7, 8, 169–171
Aluaten Sarracenus
219
Alvarus Ovetensis
198
Aly Abenragel
:
see ʿAlī ibn Abī l-Rijāl
Ammonius (ca. 440–ca. 520)
880, 884
al-Andalus’ role in the transmission of Arabic science to Europe
18–31
Andalusian revolt against Ptolemy
516–544; criticisms of Ptolemy 525
Andarzaghar b. Zādān Farrūkh
194
Andrés Rodríguez of Zamora (fl. 1438)
39, 209, 572
Andrés de Li (fl. 1492ff)
207
Animodar
153, 186, 213, 291–300, 722, 738; animodar of the ruling planet 293–4; animodar of the conception 294–300
Anonymous Toledan astronomer of the 11th c.: Kitāb al-Istidrāk
498, 507–8; Risālat al-hayʾa 506–7, 656
Anonymous Tunisian recension of Ibn Isḥāq’s zīj (ca. 1266–81)
12, 53, 56, 57, 63, 66, 67, 94, 95, 97, 98, 118, 137, 261, 272, 280, 292–4, 297–8, 301–2, 304–306, 441, 590, 611, 622–5, 627–8, 629–634, 638, 655–6, 660, 663–5, 667, 669, 673–5, 679, 688, 699, 709, 711, 715, 717–20, 728–9, 735, 736, 738, 739, 740, 748, 750, 752, 764–781, 786, 789–791, 793, 799, 802–3, 804, 808, 813, 819, 837–9, 841, 844–5, 847–8, 886–7, 903
Antoninus, Roman Emperor (r. 137–161)
648
Anwāʾ
3, 9, 49–50, 74
Apogees, motion
507, 578, 629–634, 657–661, 733, 740–2, 775–8, 833, 848–9, 864–5, 874–76, 890
Apolonius’ Conics (3rd c. BCE)
563
Arc of light (qaws al-nūr)
66–67
Argafalau Caldeus
219
Argote de Molina, Gonzalo (1548–1596)
858
ʿArīb b. Saʿīd (d. 980)
3, 50, 294–5, 437, 506, 684, 685
Aristotle (385–323 BCE), Physics
526; Metaphysics, De caelo 530, 541
al-Arkand
23, 220, 683
Armāniyūs
880
Armillary ring (ḥalqa)
324–5
Armillary sphere
174, 324, 352–372, 828
Arrival of Eastern sources to al-Andalus
21–23, 25–31, 42–43
Ascalu Hismaelita
119
Ascelin of Augsburg (fl. beginning of the 11th c.)
382–3, 392, 398
Ascensional difference
:
see Timekeeping
al-Asfī al-Andalusī (fl. 1701)
148
aṣḥāb al-Mumtaḥan
823
al-Ashrafī zīj
686
Aṣnāk
:
see ʿAbd Allāh Aṣnāk al-Marrākushī
Astrolabe
18, 100; standard astrolabe 373–440; dhāt al-ṣafāʾiḥ 354; munbaṭaḥ/mubaṭṭaḥ 354, 373; ḥūtī 354, 373; zodiacal-calendar scale 373–4; Maslama and stereographic projection 374, 376; Ibn al-Ṣaffār and Ibn al-Samḥ’treatises on the intrument 376–8; introduction in Catalonia (10th c.) 378–392; the “old corpus” of texts on the astrolabe and other instruments 378–9; Catalan origin of the collection 380–1; sources 381–7; is the “old corpus” the result of translations? 387–392; Carolingian astrolabe 18, 392–397; European diffusion of the “old corpus” 397–399; astrolabe makers in al-Andalus and the Maghrib 399–402, 411–12; treatises on the use of the astrolabe in al-Andalus and the Maghrib 402–410; astrolabes made in the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula 410–13; Latin texts on the construction and use of the astrolabe 413–431; Alfonsine books on the construction and use of the instrument 432–440; linear astrolabe 471.
see universal astrolabes
Astrolabii sententiae
18, 118
Astrological geography
247–9
Astrological history
153
Astrological months
190, 241, 760–1
Astrology between 950 and 103
1158–160
Astromagical compilation in Catalan (end of the 14th c.)
205–6
al-ʿAṭṭār, author of a zīj (?)
816
Autolycus of Pitane (fl. ca. 300 BCE)
330
Avendauth
:
see Abraham ibn Dāwūd
Awmātiyūs
880
Azarquiel
:
see Ibn al-Zarqālluh
al-ʿAzīz, Fāṭimid caliph (975–996)
5
Bādīs b. al-Manṣūr Zīrid king in Qayrawān (r. 996–1016)
169, 227
Banū Mūsā b. Shākir (fl. 850–875)
687, 823–5
Banū Waqār (14th c.)
39, 208, 868
al-Baqqār, Abū ʿAbd Allāh (fl. 1411–18)
14, 15, 230, 292, 814; Kitāb al-adwār fī tasyīr al-anwār 14, 174, 175, 283–5, 304, 309, 634–6, 638–41, 817; Kitāb al-amṭār wa l-asʿār 14, 165–6, 174, 214, 215–219, 249–50, 303, 319–323, 880; sources 319–20; weather prediction 320–1; oscillation of prices 322; eclipses 323
Bartomeu de Tresbens (fl. 1361–1374)
37, 201, 203–5
Batecombe
:
see William Batecombe
al-Battānī
2, 54, 114, 136, 187, 188, 244, 248, 276, 282–5, 311–2, 314–7, 348, 369, 423, 444–5, 504, 514, 546, 568, 588–591, 593–5, 597–8, 601, 608–10, 637, 642–4, 648, 651, 662, 674, 675, 684–686, 688, 722–29, 732–4, 747, 753, 767. 776, 779, 786, 789, 804, 808, 820–1, 826–7, 833, 848–9, 851–3, 856–7, 865, 868–72, 903
Bayazid II, Ottoman sultan (1481–1512)
894
bayḍa, astronomical instrument
18, 326–7, 354
Bern de Prüm abbot of Reichenau (beginning of the 11th c.)
398
Bernard of Verdun (ca. 1300)
495, 543, 655–7, 747, 851, 880
Bernardo el Arábigo (ca. 1250–80)
827
Bernat de Granollachs (fl. 1418–1487), Lunari
38, 207, 883
Bianchini
:
see Giovanni Bianchini
al-Birjandī (d. 1525)
586
Birth of the Prophet
54, 300, 306, 318, 601, 890
al-Bīrūnī (973–1048)
262, 264, 269, 288, 321–2, 429, 442–3, 452, 487, 511, 841, 877
Bishr al-Isrāʾīlī
767
al-Biṭrūjī (fl. before 1200)
9, 499, 516–17, 528–9, 530–544, 546, 553, 568–70, 575–6, 857; astronomical knowledge 524; spiral motion (lawlab) 529–30; motions in opposite directions 529; astronomical system 530–544; planetary order 531; use of eccentrics and epicycles 531–2; planetary models 532–3; taqṣīr, incurtatio, delay 532, 534–5, 547, 573; istīfāʾ, completion 535; motion of the fixed stars 532–8, 644; Eudoxian hippopede 536–8; transmission of motion 538–42; shawq/tashāwuq/desiderium 540–2, 547; diffusion of al-Biṭrūjī’s system 543–4
Bonfils, Immanuel b. Jacob (fl. 1340–65)
869–70
Bonjorn (= Yomṭob), Jacob b. David (fl. 1361)
38, 41, 203, 692, 805–6, 868–70, 873, 883, 886, 888, 891, 904
Brāhmasphutasiddhānta (7th c.)
601, 691
Calendars
48–52
Calendar of Córdoba
3, 51, 52, 73, 75, 83, 437, 506, 684, 702, 767
Calo Calonymos (fl. 1531?)
544
Candle clocks
6, 18, 121–123
“Carolingian” astrolabe
:
see astrolabe
Casting of rays
:
see projection of rays
Celestial globe: De horologio secundum alcoram
326–7; celestial spheres in the Iberian Peninsula 328–30; Qusṭā b. Lūqā and Alfonso X on the celestial sphere 330–341; astrological uses of the celestial sphere 336–7
Centre of the world (Qubbat al-arḍ)
247–8, 305, 314
Charles V, king of France (1364–80)
858
Chaucer, Geoffrey (1340?–1400)
720–21
Clepsydras: ʿAbbās ibn Firnās
124; Gerbert of Aurillac 124; ms. Ripoll 124; Ibn Khalaf al-Murādī 124–125; al-Zarqāl 125; Libro del relogio del agua 125–126; Libro del relogio del argent vivo 125–126; Pedro IV of Aragón 126–127; Qarawiyyīn Mosque of Fez 17–18, 127, 143; of the madrasa Bū ʿInāniyya in Fez 18, 127–128.
Comets
206, 207
Conjunctions
:
see planetary conjunctions
Constantin, dean of Fleury (988–996) and abbot of Micy (1011–1021)
398
Copernicus (1473–1543)
510, 544, 655
Córdoba Royal Library
7
Cresques Abraham (fl. 1375), Catalan Atlas
121, 411, 883
Cresques Vivier of Avignon (d. 1391)
201
Crosses, astrological system for simple predictions
15, 20, 35, 156, 161, 198, 214–219, 223
Cycles, astrological
179; 240–1, 243–7, 274–6, 300, 307–8
al-Ḍabbī (fl. ca. 788–ca. 852), Urjūza
154–6, 158, 214
al-Dahmānī, Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (fl. 1450)
473
Dalmacius Planes (d. 1383)
37, 201–202, 329, 649, 859, 879
Dalmau ses Planes
:
see Dalmacius Planes
Dār al-ḥikma (Raqqāda)
5, 153
David ben Yomṭob (14th c.)
203
dawr
244, 246–7, 275–6
De utilitatibus astrolabii
19
Diego Ortiz de Calzadilla (fl. 1469–76)
40, 210, 212
Diego de Torres (fl. 1480–87)
40, 41, 110
Dínesis
430
Dioscorides (ca. 40–ca 90 CE)
374
Displaced equations
667–671, 781–82, 819–20, 831
Distances and sizes of the celestial bodies
503, 547–553, 573–575
Division of the houses of the horoscope
257–8, 905: Standard method 258–261, 346, 889; Prime vertical method 262–267; Equatorial method 267–270, 709; hour lines method 271, 346, 416–7, 437; dual longitude method 271–2, 304–5, 346, 899; split differences method 272–3
Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad (fl. 1680)
464
Dominicus Gundissalinus (fl. 1148–78)
32
Dorotheos of Sidon (first c. CE)
194, 241
Double argument tables
819, 831, 884
Double epicycle
569
Duarte, king of Portugal (1433–38)
212–3
Dūnash ibn Tamīm, Abū Sahl (fl. 900–960)
6, 353–368, 575, 684; works 353–6, 373, interest in hayʾa 353–4, 356, 499–503; armillary sphere 354–368; the inhabited world 356–7
Eclipses: solar 9.9.1438
572; 29.7.1478 873; 16.3.1485 210–212, 214; 8.6.1518 214; lunar 15.9.973 705–708; 8.12.1052 681; 3.3.1067 681; 7.10.1074 681; 30.1.1078 681; 5.8.1263 828–9; 21.11.1471 207; 6/7.11.1519 214.
Egidius of Tebaldis
198, 199, 857
El Salado, battle (1340)
13; horoscopes of the battle 173–179, 796–7
Enrique IV of Castile (1454–1474)
210
Enrique de Villena (ca. 1384–1434)
330; Tratado de astrología 39, 40, 71, 208, 549, 553, 572–75, 830. Distances and sizes of the planetary spheres 573–5
Enoch
194
Ephemerides
876–7, 878–80
Epistles of the Brethren of Purity (Rasāʾil Ikhwān al-Ṣafāʾ)
497
Equation of time
603, 622, 761–3, 766, 793–5
Equatoria
3, 42, 153, 458, 475–492
Eras
52–55, 710, 754, 843–4
Eudoxus of Knidos (390–337 BC)
532, 576
Faḥṣ Ṭarīf
:
see El Salado
Fardariyya/Fardār/Ifrādiyya
240–1, 300–1, 321
al-Farghānī (d. 861)
546, 549, 552, 568, 570, 690, 821–3
Fāṭimids in the Maghrib (910–972)
5
al-Fazārī (second half of the 8th c.)
437, 506, 683, 691, 850
Fernando de Fontiveros (fl. 1476–ca. 1480)
40
Fernando Gallego (1440–1507)
209
Ferrand Martínez (fl. 1391)
38, 885
Fishtālī, Abū l-Rabīʿ Sulaymān b. Aḥmad (d. 1794)
468, 900
Fiṭna, period of civil war after the fall of the Cordoban Caliphate
161
Flood
54
Franco of Poland (end of the 13th c.)
495
Frederick II of Sicily (r. 1220–1250)
521
Fulbert, Bishop of Chartres (1006–28)
398–9
Gedalia b. Shlomo b. Yaḥyā (fl. 1428–ca. 1480)
212
Gerard of Cremona (fl. 1157–1176)
22, 33, 437, 494, 508–9, 545, 709, 724–5
Gerbert of Aurillac (945–1003)
120, 124, 221–222, 380, 397–8
Ghāyat al-ḥakīm/Picatrix
158, 205, 220, 579, 767
Ghiyām b. Rujār (William, son of Roger) = William II of Sicily (1154–1166)
632, 765, 903
Giovanni Bianchini (d after 1469)
647, 830
Gonzalo García Gudiel
:
see Gonzalo Pétrez
Gonzalo Pétrez, archbishop of Toledo (1280–1299)
32
Gonzalo de Vivero, bishop of Salamanca (d. 1480)
888, 893
Guillaume Lunell (fl. 1384–88)
201
Ḥabash al-Ḥāsib (d. 869)
248, 333, 359, 377–8, 420, 443, 466, 469, 588, 826
al-Ḥabbāk al-Tilimsānī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad (fl. 1271–1286)
18, 46, 127, 143
al-Ḥabbāk al-Tilimsānī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Abī Yaḥyā (d. 1463)
403, 795, 796, 815; Fajr al-anhār 46, 47
al-Ḥabbāk, Abū ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Aḥmad (fl. 1514–1562), Natāʾij al-afkār fī sharḥ Rawḍat al-azhār
46, 47, 76, 78, 79, 80, 81, 84, 86, 139, 437, 636–9, 640, 771, 794, 816, 879
Ḥabṭaq method
:
see double argument tables
Ḥabūs ibn Mākzan (r. 1019–1038), sultan of Granada
160
Ḥaḍari, star
142
Ḥafṣid dynasty in Tunis (1206–1574)
7, 10
al-Ḥajarī, Aḥmad b. Qāsim (1570–after 1640)
41, 55, 56, 896–7
al-Ḥakam I, Umayyad amīr of Córdoba (796–822)
7, 154, 214, 220
al-Ḥakam II al-Mustanṣir, Umayyad Caliph of Córdoba (961–976)
24, 50, 141, 142, 149, 684
al-Ḥākim bi amr Allāh, Abū ʿAlī al-Manṣūr (996–1021)
632
al-Ḥakīm al-Mirrīkh (fl. 1304)
640
Ḥanash al-Ṣanʿānī (fl. ca. 700)
130, 141
al-Harawī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh (?)
637
al-Ḥarrānī (fl. middle of the 9th c.)
155
al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. Khalaf al-Umawī (d. 1205–6), Kitāb al-anwāʾ, Kitāb al-luʾluʾ al-manẓūm fī maʿrifat al-awqāt bi l-nujūm
9, 44, 45, 50, 74, 85, 115, 142, 146, 324
al-Ḥasan b. Khalīl b. ʿAlī al-Karādīsī al-Ṭubnī (1420–1482), Ashkāl al-wasāʾiṭ fī rasm al-munḥarifāt wa l-basāʾiṭ
115
Ḥasdāy b. Shaprūṭ, Abū Yūsuf (d. ca. 970)
6, 353, 380, 500
al-Hāshimī, ʿAlī b. Sulaymān (second half of the 9th c.)
443, 823
Ḥassān b. al-Nuʿmān al-Ghassānī (fl. ca. 703)
129
haylāj
238, 252, 274, 276–7
Ḥayyim de Briviesca (fl. ca. 1350–1400)
888
Hebrew translations of Arabic sources in the 13th–14th c.
22
Henrique the Navigator, prince of Portugal (1394–1460)
213
Henry I (1100–1135) King of England
690
Hermann of Carinthia (fl. 1138–1143)
27, 32, 181–183, 185, 376, 413, 688
Hermann Contractus (1013–1054)
115, 382–3, 392, 398, 420
Hermann the German (fl. 1240–1256)
32, 33
Hermes
194, 218, 244, 264, 267, 287, 291, 294
Hibat Allāh’s astrolabe (1120–21)
479
Hipparchus (ca. 190–ca. 120 BCE)
588–591, 593, 595, 597–8, 608–10, 614, 617, 658, 662, 673, 753
Hishām I, Umayyad emir of Córdoba (788–796)
154
Hour
70–128
Hugo Sanctelliensis (fl. 1145)
26–27, 32, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 194, 690; Liber imbrium ab antiquo Indorum astrologo nomine Iafar editus 182
Humeniz
880
Ḥusayn b. ʿAlī (fl. 1309)
469
Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad al-Hamdānī (fl. 968)
142
Ibn ʿAbd Rabbihi (860–940)
158
Ibn Abī l-Fayyāḍ (986–1066)
130
Ibn Abī l-Rijāl al-Qayrawānī, ʿAlī (d. after 1035): Biography
227–8.
Kitāb al-bāriʿ fī aḥkām al-nujūm
6, 14, 35, 114, 153, 169, 151, 198, 203–6, 208, 228–254, 278, 279, 281, 321, 554, 767, 856, 903–4; sources 228–234, 241–2; anwār al-kawākib 234–5, maximum equations of anomaly 236; nativities 237; tasyīr 237, 273; Seven ages of men and the corresponding ruling planets 239–40; cycles 240–1, 274–5; human activities suitable to apply the technique of elections 242–3; Saturn-Jupiter conjunctions and other cycles 243–247, 300, 304; astrological geography 247–9; astrometeorology 249–50; horoscopes 251–254.
Other works
254–7; Ḥall al-ʿaqad wa bayān al-raṣad 255, 764; Urjūza fī dalīl al-raʿd 255; Urjūza fī aḥkām al-nujūm 255–7
Ibn Abī l-Ṣalt
:
see Abū l-Ṣalt
Ibn Abī l-Shukr al-Maghribī, Muḥyī al-Dīn (d.1283)
586, 637–8; Tāj al-azyāj 12, 14, 106, 640–1, 704, 814–6, 817, 879, 904
Ibn al-Ādamī (first half of the 10th c.)
580, 585, 683
Ibn al-ʿAssāl (fl. 1281)
544
Ibn ʿĀṣim (d. 1013)
50, 85
Ibn ʿAzzūz al-Qusanṭīnī, Abū l-Qāsim (d. 1354)
Kitāb al-fuṣūl fī jamʿ al-uṣūl
12, 13, 14, 15, 173, 175, 275, 277–8, 283, 303–4, 307, 796.
al-Zīj al-Muwāfiq
12, 58, 60, 65, 66, 71, 93, 95. 96, 97, 98, 174–5, 261, 288, 303, 600, 615–6, 623, 626, 634–5, 638, 651, 659–60, 663–5, 667, 671–3, 675, 679–80, 692, 699, 709, 712, 714, 747–9, 795–813, 871–2, 901, 903–4; correction of Ibn Isḥāq’s mean motion tables 796–8; armillary sphere 353, 638, 797, 798; goal year cycles for the planets and the Moon 804–807, 883, 886, 889.
al-Zīj al-Kāmil
796
Risāla fī adwār al-nayyirayn
796
Madkhal al-ṣināʿa ʿalā madhhab al-jamāʿa
173
Maqālat al-Zuḥal
173
Ḥurūz fī sharḥ al-rumūz
173, 797
Ibn Bājja (1070?–1138)
8, 499, 508, 514, 516–17, 527, 542, 575; competence in astronomy 518–21; Kalām fī l-hayʾa 525–6
Ibn al-Bannāʾ al-Marrākushī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad b, Muḥammad b. ʿUthmān al-Azdī (1256–1321)
12, 13, 15, 16, 61, 145, 402–3, 465–6, 504
Kitāb al-anwāʾ
15, 50, 52, 74
Minhāj al-ṭālib fī taʿdīl al-kawākib
12, 53, 57–58, 60, 67, 68, 69, 93, 95, 261, 280, 285, 590, 600, 623–5, 634–7, 641, 651, 655, 658, 660, 663–71, 673–5, 679–80, 699, 717–20, 747–8, 764–792, 794, 799, 808, 813–4, 836–7, 841, 844–5, 847, 850, 872, 886, 894, 900, 903; displaced equations 667–671, 781–82; new procedures for the computation of planetary equations 781–791, 851
ʿIlm al-awqāt bi l-ḥisāb
48, 76, 78
al-Kalām ʿalā l-tasyīrāt wa-maṭāriḥ al-shuʿāʿāt
275, 285
Ibn Bargūth, ʿAbd Allāh (d. 1056)
496, 587, 588, 590, 608–10, 753
Ibn Bāṣoh, Aḥmad b. Ḥasan/Ḥusayn (d. 1310)
45, 111, 266–7, 269, 282, 288, 401
Ibn Bāṣoh, Ḥasan/Ḥusayn b. Muḥammad (d. 1316)
45, 79, 111, 136, 279–80, 402; Plate for all latitudes 263, 268, 281, 282, 285, 286, 287, 288, 443, 449, 466–469; plate of sines 471
Ibn Bāṣoh, Ibrāhīm b. ʿAlī al-Andalusī (14th c.?)
468
Ibn al-Bayṭār (?)
767, 819
Ibn al-Damīna (?)
194
Ibn Ghāzī b. al-Kās, Abū Bakr, minister of the Merinid sultans Abū Fāris (1366–72) and Abū Zayyān (1372–74)
14, 173
Ibn Ḥabīb
:
see ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Ḥabīb
Ibn al-Hāʾim, Abū Muḥammad ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Ghāfiqī (fl. 1205) al-Zīj al-Kāmil fī l-Taʿālīm
10, 53, 94, 97, 580, 586, 612, 614, 617, 657, 659–60, 672, 681, 721, 722, 728, 751–764, 767, 769, 793–4, 799, 842; trepidation 619–622, 627, 652, 749, 754, 776; solar model 664–5, 667, 755, 757; anomalistic year 754, 759; sidereal year 759–60; lunar model 676–9, 756, 758, 778; criticism of Ibn al-Kammād 744, 749, 752–3, 764; planetary parameters 757; equation of time and trepidation 761–3; planetary velocities
Ibn al-Ḥajjām al-Qayrawānī (876–957) Kitāb al-mawāqīt wa maʿrifat al-nujūm wa l-azmān
3
Ibn al-Ḥātim, Abū ʿAlī al-Ḥasan (fl. 939), De imaginibus caelestibus
159, 220
Ibn al-Haytham (d. after 1040)
532
Shukūk ʿalā Baṭlamiyūs
8, 508, 517, 519–20, 521, 527, 553, 567, 571, 575, 637
Qaṣīda fī tarḥīl al-nayyirayn/ Qaṣīda fī l-hayʾa
85
Fī hayʾat al-ʿālam
477, 484, 488, 498, 517, 521, 526, 553–567
Ibn Ḥayyān, Muqtabis
133–134, 154, 156–8, 683
Ibn Ḥazm Risāla fī faḍl al-Andalus
21, 31; nativity horoscope 159
Ibn Hibintā (fl. ca. 850)
229, 233, 237, 247, 249, 273, 278, 281, 290, 323, 701, 779, 850
Ibn Hilāl al-Sabtī, Muḥammad (first half of the 14th c.)
292, 637, 639, 640, 767
Ibn Hishām al-Lakhmī (d. 1181–2)
85–86
Ibn ʿIdhārī (ca. 1250–ca. 1312)
161
Ibn Isḥāq al-Tamīmī al-Tūnisī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad b. ʿAlī (fl. 1193–1222)
11, 39, 57, 66, 68, 69, 70, 172, 174, 632, 636–7, 639–40, 655, 661, 764–781, 793–4, 799, 802–3, 839, 848, 865, 868, 871–2, 903; solar model with variable eccentricity 766;
see Anonymous Tunisian recension of Ibn Isḥāq’s zīj
Ibn al-Jallāb (alife ca. 1069?)
496
Ibn Jaydūr (?)
637
Ibn al-Kammād, Abū Jaʿfar Aḥmad b. Yūsuf (fl. 1116)
8, 38, 39, 41, 42, 53, 93, 94, 95, 97, 504, 639, 735–753, 767
Kitāb mafātīḥ al-asrār
169, 291–300, 767;
Muqtabas
261, 272, 288, 600, 610–17, 626, 642, 650–1, 655, 659, 661–5, 667, 674–5, 679, 686, 688, 704, 712, 728, 735–7, 739–751, 776, 779, 799, 802–4, 811–3, 819, 833, 842, 848, 850, 865–8, 870–1, 874–5, 880, 885, 890–1, 894, 904; sidereal and anomalistic years 743–5; star list 747–750;
al-Kawr ʿalā l-dawr
291, 611–2, 672, 737–8, 745–6 ;
al-Amad ʿalā l-abad
571, 611–2, 738–9; trepidation theory 610–17, 618, 621, 627, 634, 738, 812, 874
Ibn Khalaf al-Murādī, Aḥmad or Muḥammad (ca. 1050?)
4, 18; Kitāb al-asrār fī natāʾij al-afkār 4, 73, 115–116, 118, 124–125, 126, 147
Ibn Khaldūn (1332–82)
497–8, 632, 765, 768
Ibn al-Khaṣīb al-Kūfī, Abū Bakr al-Ḥasan (alive in 845)
186
Ibn al-Khaṭīb (1313–1374)
5, 12, 45, 168; Aʿmāl al-aʿlām 161; Iḥāṭa 171–172
Ibn al-Khayyāṭ, Yaḥyā b. Aḥmad (977–1055) Lāmiyya
15, 164–166; Risāla fī l-qirānāt al-nujūmiyya 164
Ibn Lubbūn, Abū ʿĪsā
328
Ibn Marāna al-Sabtī (fl. 1069)
7
Ibn Marzūq (d. 1379)
13
Ibn Masʿūd b. Farmīja (fl. 1372–1394)
815; Ḥuṣūl al-maqāṣid wa l-āmāl min al-ṭuruq wa l-fawāʾid allatī tuʿlamu minhā mudad al-wulāt wa l-ʿummāl 14, 174; Risāla kāfiyat al-sayb fī l ʿamal bi l-jayb 105–106, 473
Ibn al-Mashshāṭ al-Asṭurlābī, Muḥammad b. Saʿīd al-Saraqusṭī (11th c.)
404
Ibn Masrūr
690
Ibn al-Muʿādh
:
see Khalaf ibn al-Muʿādh
Ibn Muʿādh al-Jayyānī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b, Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad al-Shaʿbānī (d. 1093)
4, 8, 118, 611, 735
Liber de crepusculis
835; height of the atmosphere 755
Kitāb majhūlāt qisī al-kura
26, 475, 492, 622, 708–9, 762
Tabulae Jahen
53, 57, 61, 62, 63, 65, 94, 95, 97, 137, 139, 261, 263, 290, 704, 708–714, 767, 811, 813, 903; maximum equations 712–13, 779, 850; tables of apparent sizes of planets 713; star table 713–14; constant precession 713–14; tables of solar, lunar and planetary velocities 714, 808–9.
Risāla fī maṭraḥ al-shuʿāʿāt
263–4, 267–8, 283, 290–1, 714;
Ibn al-Muftī, Abū Zayd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿUmar b. Aḥmad al-Sūsī al-Jazūlī al-Buʿaqīlī (d. 1611)
637, 639, 641, 771
Ibn Munʿim (12th–13th c.), Fiqh al-ḥisāb
10, 751
Ibn al-Muthannā, Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd al-Karīm (fl. ca. 875–925?)
688, 690–1, 724, 823, 841
Ibn al-Naṭṭāḥ, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Yaḥyā, Abū ʿĀmir (12th c.?)
130, 147, 150, 403, 407–9, 415
Ibn al-Qifṭī (1172–1248)
462–3
Ibn Qunfudh al-Qusanṭīnī (1339–1407)
14, 15, 161, 173, 174, 235, 255–6, 272, 273, 276–7, 279, 304–306, 307, 636–7, 658, 795
Ibn Qutayba (d. 889)
638
Ibn al-Raqqām, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm b. ʿAlī b. Aḥmad/Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Mursī al-Andalusī al-Tūnisī al-Awsī (d. 1315)
12, 16, 17, 144, 402–3, 492, 636, 663–7, 717, 764–781, 799, 813, 837, 844–5, 868, 871–2, 903
Risāla fī ʿilm al-ẓilāl
17, 109–110, 139
al-Zīj al-Qawīm
12, 17, 54, 57, 58, 61, 62, 63, 95, 97, 138–139, 144, 178, 261, 272, 280, 619, 623–6, 634–5, 637, 642, 655, 660, 675, 699, 740, 769–70, 793, 795, 812, 836, 847–8
al-Zīj al-Shāmil
12, 54, 57, 58, 60, 61, 65, 89, 93, 95, 97, 138–139, 261, 268, 272–3, 280, 285, 287, 619, 623, 626, 627–8, 634–6, 655, 660, 667, 674–5, 679, 699, 752, 758, 769, 775, 793, 794, 798, 804, 808–9. 836, 841, 847–8
al-Zīj al-Mustawfī
12, 54, 58, 59, 63, 64, 79, 93, 95, 96, 97, 138–139, 261, 272, 280–1, 282, 283, 284–5, 286–7, 288, 291, 305, 619, 623–5, 626, 627–8, 634–5, 655, 660–1, 667, 674–5, 679–80, 699, 704, 766. 770–1, 793, 794–5, 848
Ibn al-Rassām (?) or Abū ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Rassām
637
Ibn Rushd (1126–1198)
9, 31, 142, 149, 499, 508, 514, 516–17, 525, 526, 538, 546, 575; competence in astronomy: Mukhtaṣar al-Majisṭī 521–22, 526–8; trepidation 522, 527; observation of Suhayl 522; number of movers 528; Jāmiʿ on the Metaphysics 528, 541; Tafsīr/Sharḥ on the Metaphysics 529; spiral motion (lawlab) 529–30, motions in opposite directions 529, 573
Ibn Rushd al-Jadd, Abū l-Walīd (d. 1126)
143, 146
Ibn al-Ṣaffār, Aḥmad (d. 1035)
53, 106, 110, 116, 131, 136, 147, 160, 270, 344, 376–7, 408–9, 415, 417–8, 420, 431, 436–7, 473, 688, 689, 700, 703–5, 715, 767
Ibn al-Samḥ, Abū l-Qāsim (d. 1035)
3, 53, 136, 160, 262–4, 267, 271, 288, 344, 376–8, 387, 408, 415, 424, 426, 431, 473, 496, 688; equatorium 476–479, 480, 487, 490, 492, 692
Ibn al-Samīna (d. 927–8)
158
Ibn al-Sarrāj (d. ca. 1329)
449, 465
Ibn Sayyid, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (fl. 1063–1096)
496
Ibn Shaddād, Abū l-Qāsim (fl. 1345)
17
Ibn al-Shamir/ Shimr (fl. 821–852)
24, 154–5, 683
Ibn al-Shāṭir (d. 1375–6)
12, 465, 487, 544, 640–1, 814, 816–7, 894, 904
Ibn al-Shāṭṭ, Qāsim b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad al-Sabtī (1246–1323)
404, 409–10
Ibn Sīnā (980–1037)
497, 527
Ibn al-Tarjumān (fl. 1300)
640
Ibn Ṭībugha/Ṭaybugha ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī (fl, 1400)
465
Ibn Ṭufayl (d. 1185/6)
516–17, 526, 531, 575
Ibn Wāfid (d. 1074–5)
441
Ibn Yūnus (d. 1009)
487, 627, 632, 819
Ibn Yūnus, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī al-Balansī al-Ḥākimī (fl. 1331)
638, 824–5
Ibn al-Zarqālluh, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā al-Naqqāsh (d. 1100)
3, 8, 11, 30, 31, 39, 418–9, 431–2, 473, 496, 504, 507, 519, 532, 571, 576, 577–9, 611, 681–2, 687, 721, 724–5, 728–9, 735, 740, 755, 811, 824, 867, 871–2, 884, 903–4
Almanac
39, 57, 63, 67, 68, 69, 94, 95, 96, 106, 347, 506, 689, 692–3, 699, 724, 727, 740, 805, 853, 857, 880–3
Ṣafīḥas zarqāliyya and shakkāziyya
104, 136, 268, 281, 285, 286, 287, 324–5, 344, 440–1, 444, 450–66, 468, 556; maʾmūniyya 451, 460; ʿabbādiyya 460; meridian stereographic projection 441–3; meridian orthographic projection 452, 456–459; sine quadrant 452, 470–1; circle of the Moon and the computation of the geocentric lunar distance 453, 459–60; transversal ruler 455–6, 459; relative chronology of the three universal astrolabes 460–2; transmission of the ṣafīḥas to the Mashriq and the Maghrib 462–466, 682; armillary sphere 353, 368–372;
al-Ṣafīḥa al-zījiyya (equatorium)
479–487: identification of Mercury’s deferent with an ellipse 483–5, 563;
On the solar year
521, 578, 654–667, 772, 825, 828: motion of the solar and planetary apogees 578, 657–661, 733, 776–7, 833, 848, 874; three kinds of solar year (tropical, sidereal and anomalistic) 661–2, 846; solar model with variable eccentricity 662–667, 672, 674, 737, 739, 747, 778, 833, 850–1
On the motion of the fixed stars
329, 521, 524, 534, 568, 578, 583, 585, 586–610, 612, 614, 615, 617, 618, 622, 623, 639, 642–4, 749, 762, 857; cyclical variation of the obliquity of the ecliptic 603–7, 627, 641, 762, 832, 837
Invalidity of Ptolemy’s method to determine Mercury’s apogee
578;
Modified lunar model
578–9, 676–681, 811, 833–4
see Toledan Tables
Ibn al-Zarqiyāl
:
see Ibn al-Zarqālluh
Ibn Zurayq al-Khayrī/Jīzī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Ibrāhīm (d. 1400)
816
al-Zayyāt, Isḥāq b. al-Ḥasan b. Abī l-Ḥusayn (fl. 975–1025)
709
Ibrāhīm II, Aghlabī amīr in Tunis (875–902)
5, 153–4
Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbd al-Karīm (fl. 1066)
400
Ibrāhīm b. ʿAlī al-Andalusī al-Marrākushī (fl. 1727)
344
Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad al-Balawī (fl. 1686)
469
Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. Futūḥ/Fattūḥ al-ʿUqaylī al-Gharnāṭī (d. 1464)
403
Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. al-Raqqām (fl. 1320)
402
Ibrāhīm b. Saʿīd al-Sahlī (fl. 1067–1090): celestial globes
328–9; astrolabes 377, 400
Ibrāhīm ibn al-Sahlī (fl. 1086)
400
Ibrāhīm b. Sinān (907–946)
469, 580, 585, 599
ʿImād al-Dawla, king of Zaragoza (1110–1130)
26
Incident horizon (al-ufq al-ḥādith)
262
Intihāʾ
244, 246–7, 274–275, 302–3
Íñigo López de Mendoza, marquis of Santillana (1398–1458)
572
Isaac b. Abraham b. ʿEzra (fl. 1143)
541, 824
Isaac b. al-Ḥadib (fl. 1370–96)
868, 870–1; equatorium 491–2
Isaac Israeli (fl. 1310–30), Yesod ʿOlam
38–39, 544, 577, 656, 720, 828, 868, 870–1, 874, 888; Shaʿar ha-shamayim 874–5
Isḥāq b. Sīd/ Rabiçag aben Cayut (13th c.)
36, 38, 39, 119, 125, 269, 281, 344, 368, 443–4, 474–5, 828, 856, 868, 888
Isḥāq b. Sulaymān al-Isrāʾīlī (ca. 858–955)
353
Isidore of Seville (c. 560–636)
473, 877
Ismāʿīl b. Aḥmad al-Qurṭubī, Abū l-Walīd (?)
463
Ismāʿīl al-Ṭallāʿ (d. ca. 900)
5, 153–4
Ismāʿīl II of the Naṣrid dynasty of Granada (1359–60)
12
Ismāʿīl b. al-Qāʾim, al-Manṣūr, Fatimid Caliph (946–953)
353, 356, 500
al-Istijī, Abū Marwān (fl. 1068)
54, 163–4, 230, 274, 276–7, 279, 283, 286–7, 291, 293, 301–2, 578, 580, 585, 617–9, 722
Iudicia Almansoris
181
Jābir ibn Aflaḥ (first half of the 12th c.): chronology and works
508; Iṣlāḥ al-Majisṭī 8, 26, 475, 499, 509–16, 521, 524, 527, 536, 762; observational instrument 492–5; title and recensions 509; aim of the Iṣlāḥ 510; criticism of the Almagest 511–15; planetary order 514–15, 531
Jacob Anatoli (ca. 1194–ca. 1256)
521
Jacob Corsuno (fl. 1376–1380)
37–38, 201, 202, 636–7, 649, 860–1, 866–7
Jacob b. David Bonjorn/Yomṭob
:
see Bonjorn
Jacob Golius (1596–1667)
897
Jacob b. Makhir b. Tibbon (ca. 1236–ca.1305)
450, 494, 554, 883–4, 888, 889
Jacob Puel
:
see Bonjorn
al-Jādirī, Abū Zayd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Muḥammad (ca. 1375–1416) Rawḍat al-azhār fī ʿilm waqt al-layl wa l-nahār; Iqtiṭāf al-anwār min Rawḍat al-azhār
16, 47, 48, 51, 52, 54, 73, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79–82, 84, 86, 139, 437, 636, 638–9, 771, 815
al-Jaghmīnī (fl. 1200–20)
499
Jamāl al-Dīn al-Māridīnī (d. 1406)
464–5
al-Jazzār (or al-Ḥarrār), ʿAlī b, Ibrāhīm (fl. 1328)
449, 469–70
João I, king of Portugal (1385–1433)
212
João II, king of Portugal (d. 1495)
212
Johan Daspa
331
Johannes de Bonie (fl. 1464)
105
Johannes David Toletanus (fl. after 1187)
170
Johannes de Dumpno (fl. 1262)
611, 672, 736, 737, 745
Johannes de Halebeke/Harlebeke (fl. 1303)
335
Johannes Hispalensis (fl. 1135–1143)
181–186, 198, 207, 209, 300, 377, 417, 426, 431, 642–3
Johannes Hispanus (d. 1215)
33, 479, 642–3, 721, 724
John, archbishop of Toledo (1152–1166)
32
John of Gorze (fl. 953)
380
John of Lignères (fl. 1320–35)
644, 808, 829, 831, 834–5, 840, 855, 871
John of London (fl. 1246)
418, 426
John of Murs (fl. 1310–48)
647, 829, 831, 840, 850, 855
John Pecham (ca. 1230–92)
543
John Philopponus (6th c.)
539
John of Saxony (fl. 1321–27)
829–31, 840, 855
John Vimond (fl. 1320)
644, 829, 833, 840, 848, 851, 855–6
José Vizinho (fl. 1496)
41, 55, 892
Josef Franco, son of Gedalia (fl. 1411)
208
Joseph ibn Naḥmias (ca. 1400)
544, 568–570, 576
Joseph b. Yehudah b. Shamʿūn (d. 1226)
508–9
Joseph Hispanus
397
Joseph Sapiens
222
Juan I, king of Aragón (1387–1396)
200, 205, 410; astrologers 201
Juan Gil de Castiello or de Burgos (fl. 1350–52)
39, 208, 615, 867, 870
Juan Gil de Zamora (13th c.)
547–9, 551
Juan González of Burgos, translator (end of the 13th c)
32
Juan de Salaya or Selaya (fl. 1464–81)
40, 41, 212, 651–3, 888
Juan de Zúñiga y Pimentel (1459–1504)
214, 893
Judah b. Asher II of Burgos (d, 1391)
39, 651, 828, 833, 868, 871, 874, 888, 891, 894
Judah b. Matqa (13th c.)
544
Judah b. Verga (fl. 1455–80)
41, 570, 867, 869–73, 875, 888; observations 871–2; Ḥuqot Shamayim 41, 42
al-Kaff al-Khaḍīb
360, 504
Kaliyuga
54
Kalpa
308
Kanz al-Yawāqīt (early 14th c.)
738
Karbāṣo/Karbāṣa, Abū l-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Māmī al-Ḥanafī (fl. before 1750)
818
al-Kāshī (d. 1436)
464, 485, 487
al-Kātib al-Andalusī
:
see ʿArīb b. Saʿīd
al-Kawm al-Rīshī, Shihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad b. Ghulām Allāh (d. 1432)
816
Kazasker Abdurrahman Mueyyezade (d. 1516)
894
Khalaf ibn al-Muʿādh (10th c.)
19, 373–375, 389, 390, 393, 399, 412
Khālid b. ʿAbd al-Malik al-Marwarrūdhī (fl. 800–850)
687, 823–4
al-Khamāʾirī, Muḥammad ibn Fattūḥ (fl. 1216–1236)
104, 401, 465
Khandakhadyaka
779, 850
al-Khāzin, Abū Jaʿfar (d. ca. 961–971)
476, 479, 480, 580, 599
al-Khāzinī (12th c.)
335
al-Khayyāṭ, Abū ʿAlī (fl. ca. 854), Kitāb al-mawālīd
181, 185, 194, 767
al-Khwārizmī (fl. 830)
19, 137, 381; Sindhind zīj 2, 7, 27, 29, 39, 52, 53, 56, 64–65, 73, 156–8, 160, 165–6, 168, 170–1, 196, 253–4, 259, 260, 290, 300, 312, 437, 440, 506, 683, 684, 685–6, 688–708, 712, 724–7, 732–735, 742, 750–1, 767, 776, 779, 811–3, 819, 841, 850, 854, 866–8, 878, 885, 890, 903; solar and lunar tables 691–2; planetary tables and computation of longitudes 693–697; method of declinations 691–2; method of sines 696; ascensional differences 698–700, 740; Maslama’s intervention and later Iberian additions 700–702
al-Kindī (d. ca. 873)
185, 194, 232–3, 249, 321, 356–7, 363
Kūshyār b. Labbān (ca. 970–1030)
321–2
kylisis
530
Latin astrological tradition
2, 15, 154
Levi ben Gerson (1288–1344)
476, 532, 544, 553, 869–70, 875, 888, 891, 904
Liber de motu octave spere
578–586, 587, 612, 617, 618, 621, 626, 627, 642–4, 648, 729, 882, 884
Libraries in al-Andalus
21, 23–30, 43; Royal library in Córdoba 23–25, 28, 44, 159; Library of King al-Muʾtaman in Zaragoza 25–27, 193; Libraries in Toledo 27–30
Lot (sahm, pl. sihām)
321
Lunar cycle in perpetual almanacs
38, 41, 805–7, 883
Lunar month
:
see crescent visibility
Lunaria
207
Lupitus Barchinonensis: (fl. 975–995)
18, 32, 222, 380, 397
Macrobius (end of the 4th c. CE)
546, 550–3
Madīnat al-Zahrāʾ
24, 139–140
Madrasa Yaʿqūbiyya (= Madrasat al-Ṣaffārīn) in Fez
143
magistri probationum
823, 826
Mahdiyya, founded 921
5, 354, 355, 358, 360, 361, 366
Maimonides (1135–1204)
57, 60, 62, 116, 189, 311, 508–9, 516, 526, 527, 544, 575, 836, 888
Mālik b. Anas (d. 795–6)
3
Mālik b. Wuhayb (1061/2 – 1130/1)
8, 143
al-Maʾmūn, Abbasid Caliph (813–33)
504, 507, 546–7, 588, 656–7, 684, 687, 823, 828
al-Maʾmūn b. Dhī l-Nūn, king of Toledo (1043–1075)
164, 328, 443, 450, 460, 462, 577
Manuel I, king of Portugal (r. 1495–1521)
212, 858
al-Manṣūr, Ismāʿīl b. al-Qāʾim
:
see Ismāʿīl b. al-Qāʾim
al-Manṣūr ibn Abī ʿĀmir, powerful governor in Córdoba (981–1002)
24, 159
al-Maqqarī (1577–1632)
141
al-Marghīthī/Mīraghtī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh Sayyīdī Muḥammad b. Saʿīd (d. 1678), Al-Muqniʿ fī ikhtiṣār ʿilm Abī Muqriʿ; al-Mumtiʿ fī sharḥ al-Muqniʿ
46, 47, 51, 75, 86
Marinid dynasty in Morocco (ca. 1269–1465)
7
Mark of Toledo (fl. 1193–1216)
27, 33
Martianus Capella (360–428 CE)
221, 546, 548–9, 553
Martin I, king of Aragón (1396–1410)
206, 859
Martín Gil, abbot of Santa María de Moreruela (fl. 1260–67)
545
Marwān b. Ghazwān (9th c.)
154–5, 158
Māshāʾallāh (d. ca. 815)
184, 194, 202, 209, 221, 241, 312–3, 318, 779, 850; pseudo-Māshāʾallāh on the construction and use of the astrolabe 288, 413, 417–436; influence of Maslama 417–8, 421–8, 431, 433
Maslama b. Aḥmad al-Majrīṭī (d. 1007–8)
2, 19, 27, 29, 53, 159, 161, 164, 258, 260, 288, 290, 413, 417, 496, 503, 544, 591, 684, 903; on stereographic projection 374, 376, 429; revision of al-Khwārizmī’s zīj 683, 688–708; star table and its influence on the “old corpus” 382–7, 425–6, 451, 504, 588, 608–10; influence on pseudo-Māshāʾallāh treatises on the astrolabe 417–8, 421–428, 431, 433; precession 504
Maslama b. al-Qāsim al-Qurṭubī, Abū l-Qāsim (d. 964), Ghāyat al-ḥakīm/ Picatrix
158, 205, 497, 579
al-Maṣmūdī, ʿUbayd Allāh Abū ʿAlī Ṣāliḥ ibn Abī Ṣāliḥ (fl. 1314) Kitāb al-qibla
145, 149
Mathematical astrology
152–3, 257–291
al-Māwāsī, Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ʿĪsā (d. 1505)
139, 145
Menelaos (fl. 98 CE)
330, 510, 654
Mercury: identification of Mercury’s deferent with an ellipse
483–5, 563; apogee in al-Khwārizmī-Maslama’s zīj 695
Meridian stereographic projection
441–3
Meridian of water
689, 703–708, 709, 725, 740, 870, 892
Method of declinations
691–2
Method of sines
696
Michael, bishop of Tarazona (1119–1151)
26, 32
Michael Scott (fl. 1217–27)
32, 33, 531, 539, 540, 543, 544
Minkān in Granada, Fez and Tlemcen
122–123
Mīqāt
:
see timekeeping
Miró Bonfill, bishop of Gerona (d. 984)
21, 32, 221, 397
al-Mittijī, Abū ʿAlī (d. ca. 1150), Kitāb dalāʾil al-qibla
129, 144–145, 147, 151
al-Mizzī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad (b. 1291, alife 1334)
468–9, 640, 816
Months, astrological
:
see astrological months
Moon: crescent visibility
55–70, 367, 836, 888; lunar mansions 46, 47, 85–93, 156–8, 332, 411; computation of the geocentric lunar distance 453, 459–60; Ibn al-Zarqālluh’s modified lunar model 578–9, 676–681; Khwārizmī’s zīj 692; Ibn al-Zarqālluh’s Almanac 692–3, 727, 883; lunar cycle 805–7
Moses b. Abraham of Nîmes (fl. 1460)
869
Moses Farissol Botarel of Avignon (late 15th c.)
869, 873
Mosheh b. Shemuel b, Yehudah b. Tibbon (fl. 1259)
494, 531, 544
Mosheh, collaborator of Alfonso X
331
Mosheh Sefardi
:
see Petrus Alfonsi
Muʿaddil
409;
see muwaqqit
Muʾayyad al-Dīn al-ʿUrḍī (d. 1266)
371
Muḥammad I, Umayyad amīr of Córdoba (852–886)
24, 158, 683
Muḥammad II of Granada (1273–1302)
769
Muḥammad V of Granada (1354–59 and 1362–91)
13, 122, 171; nativity horoscope 171–173
Muḥammad VI of Granada (1360–62)
13
Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh al-ʿAdhrāʾ
155, 158
Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān
:
see al-ʿUtāqī
Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. ʿAbd al-Salām al-Wazzānī al-Wazkānī (fl. 1769)
899, 901
Muḥammad b. Abī Jumʿa (end 10th c.)
159
Muḥammad b. Aḥmad al-Baṭṭūṭī (fl. 1730)
106, 474
Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-Anṣarī (d. 1361)
403
Muḥammad b. ʿAlī Ḥajjāj (fl. 1597)
106, 473–4
Muḥammad b. ʿAlī al-Siddīnī (fl. 1317)
127
Muḥammad b. ʿAlī b. Yaḥyā al-Ṣanhājī al-Naṭṭāḥ (fl. 1317)
127
Muḥammad al-ʿArabī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh (fl. 1346–48)
18, 127
Muḥammad b. Faraj (fl. 1476)
402
Muḥammad al-Fihrī, minister of Ismāʿīl II of Granada (fl. 1359)
12
Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan (d. 1022)
251
Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn, Abū l-Ḥasan, probably governor of Mahdiyya (first half of the 10th c.)
352–3
Muḥammad ibn Kunāsa (d. 824)
638
Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Hudhayl (fl. 1253)
465
Muḥammad al-Muʿṭī b. Aḥmad al-Ṭayyib b. Muḥammad Marīn al-Najjār al-Ribāṭī (d. 1808)
900–2, 904
Muḥammad al-Qālī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh (early 18th c.)
818
Muḥammad b. Qāsim al-Qurṭubī (fl. 1320)
401
Muḥammad al-Ṣabbān (fl. 1073–1082)
266, 400
Muḥammad b. al-Ṣaffār (fl. 1026–9)
399
Muḥammad b. al-Sahlī (fl. 1090)
400
Muḥammad al-Sanūsī (d. 1490)
637
Muḥammad al-Ṣinhājī, Abū ʿAbd Allāh (fl. 1317)
18
Muḥammad b. Sulaymān b. al-Hannāṭ (d. 1045)
163
Muḥammad b. al-Ṭayyib b. al-Makkī al-Ajbarī al-Ḥasanī (fl. 1799)
817
Muḥammad b. Yūsuf b. Ḥātim (fl. 1240)
401
Muḥammad b. Yūsuf al-Laythī, al-Ishbīlī al-Sabtī, Abū Bakr (13th c.), Urjūza fī tawassuṭ al-manāzil ʿinda ṭulūʿ al-shams
87
Muḥammad b. Yūsuf b. ʿUmar b. Shuʿayb al-Ḥasanī al-Sanūsī al-Tilimsānī (1428–90)
403
Muḥammad b. Zawāl (fl. 1482)
402
Muḥyī al-Dīn al-Maghribī
:
see Ibn Abī l-Shukr
al-Muʿizz b. Bādīs, Zīrid king in Qayrawān (r. 1016–1062)
169, 227
Mujāhid, king of Denia (ca. 1010–1045)
160
Mumtaḥan zīj
51, 363, 684, 685–8, 692, 722, 735, 767, 820
Muntakhab zīj
617, 618, 619, 625, 712
al-Muqriʾ, Abū l-Ḥasan (fl. 1384)
44, 76, 78
al-Muqtadir ibn Hūd, king of Zaragoza (1046–1081)
25, 164
Mural quadrant (libna)
641
Mūsā Jalīnūs/ Moses ben Judah Galeano (fl. 1500)
41, 342, 894–6
Mūsā b. Nawbakht (d. ca. 1000)
318, 767
Mūsā ibn Nuṣayr (640–717)
55–56, 141, 154, 156
Muṣaḥḥaḥ zīj
722–3, 730
Muslim b. Aḥmad al-Laythī, Abū ʿUbayda (d. 907)
131–132
al-Mustaʿīn, Abū Sālim Ibrāhīm, Merinid sultan (1359–1361)
13, 173, 715
al-Mustaʿīn, Sulaymān, Umayyad Caliph of Córdoba (r. 1009, 1013–1016)
164
al-Mustaʿīn II, king of Zaragoza (1085–1110)
517
al-Mustaʿlī b. al-Mustanṣir, Fatimid Caliph (1094–1101)
405, 498
al-Mustanṣir, king of Zaragoza (1130–1146)
26
al-Muʿtaḍid b. ʿAbbād (1042–1069)
462
al-Muʾtaman, Yūsuf ibn Hūd, king of Zaragoza (1081–85)
25–27, 164, 517
al-Muʿtamid b. ʿAbbād (1069–1091), king of Seville
163, 450–1, 460–1, 480, 571
al-mutaqaddam
276
muwaqqit
14, 16, 18, 44, 45, 106, 409, 466, 715
Muẓaffar b. ʿAbd Allāh (fl. 1394)
815
al-Muẓaffar, ʿAbd al-Malik (975–1008), governor of Córdoba: nativity horoscope
159
al-Nafawī, Abū Zayd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Jānātī (late 16th c.)
637
Najm al-Dīn al-Miṣrī (fl. 1325–40)
449–50, 463, 465, 468
al-Nāṣir, Abū ʿAbd Allāh, Almohad Caliph (1199–1213)
10, 751
Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1201–1274)
499, 569, 614
Naṣr, Abū l-Fatḥ, ḥājib of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān II (d. 851)
156–8
Naṣrid dynasty in Granada (1232–1492)
10
Nasṭūlus (fl. 890–930)
374, 405
al-Nayrīzī, al-Faḍl b. Hātim (d. ca. 922)
823–4
nawʾ
49
Negro family
212
Nicholas, Byzantine monk in Córdoba (ca. 950)
374
Nicholaus of Heybech (fl. ca. 1400)
871
Nicholaus Polonius/ Nicolas Polonio (fl. 1460– 64), Tabulae resolutae
40, 41, 830, 869
Nocturnal
119–121
Nuḥūs: unfortunate indicators in a horoscope
157
Obliquity of the ecliptic
603, 605–7, 612–14, 619–622, 627–34, 640–1
Observations
638–40, 656, 681, 828–9, 859–60, 871–3
Old Catalan corpus of texts on the astrolabe and other astronomical instruments
:
see astrolabe
Opening of the door (fatḥ al-bāb)
249–50, 321
Oliva, abbot of Ripoll (1008–46)
398
Ortiz de Zúñiga (fl. 1677)
827
Patronage of translations
32–38, 43
Pedro IV, king of Aragón (1336–1387)
37–38, 126–127, 200, 329, 410–11, 642, 649; astrologers 201; Almanac (Ephemerides for 1361–1433) 202, 859–860, 879–80; Tables of Barcelona 858–867, 880; star tables 859–60; trepidation 649, 859; solar apogee 658
Pedro, Prince of Portugal (1392–1449)
213
Pedro González Pérez (d. 1267) see Petrus Gallecus
Pere Gilbert
:
see Petrus Gileberth
Pero Fernández (14th c.)
38, 207
Peter the Venerable, abbot of Cluny (d. 1156)
32
Petrus Alfonsi (ca. 1062–after 1110)
27, 53, 189, 688, 690
Petrus Gallecus, bishop of Cartagena (1250–1267) Summa de astronomia
40, 545–553, 567, 575; sources: Ibn Rushd and al-Biṭrūjī 546–7; distances and sizes of the celestial bodies 547–552
Petrus Gileberth (d. 1362)
37, 201, 329, 649, 859, 879
Petrus Raimundus
411
Petrus de Reggio
199, 857–8
Peuerbach, Georg (1423–1461)
485
Picatrix
:
see Ghāyat al-ḥakīm
Planetary conjunctions
9, 15, 157, 214, 300, 307–319, 320; Saturn and Jupiter in 571 162, 245, 304–6, 317–9, 322, 890; in 610 323; in 809 162; in 848 246; in 1007 160, 162; in 1067 161, 310; in 1107 518; in 1226 314–317 in 1305 175, in 1345 176, 310, 797; in 1484 111; Saturn and Mars in 1033 166; in 1108 518–9; in 1228 320; five planets in Libra (1186) 169–171
Planetary cycles (goal-years)
804–5, 807, 877–8, 880, 883
Planetary retrogradation
231
Planetary velocities
714, 806–810, 871
Planets: in al-Khwārizmī-Maslama’s zīj
693–7
Plato (ca 427–347 BCE), Timaeus
530
Plato of Tivoli (fl. 1133–1145)
27, 180–1, 183, 186, 187, 188, 377, 820
Prediction of the end of the Cordoba Caliphate
156
Precession 0°
581–2, 600–1, 748–9, 872, 874, 894
Precession and trepidation
29, 504–5, 546, 570, 579–654, 713–14, 812; decline and fall of trepidation in the Maghrib 636–641; id. in the Iberian Peninsula 872–874, 889
Profeit Tibbon
:
see Jacob b. Makhir b. Tibbon
Profiat Duran (d. 1415)
570
Projection of rays
15, 283; direct method on the ecliptic 283–5; right ascension method 286; oblique ascension method 286–7; single position semicircle method 287; single hour line method 287–9, 813; four position circles method 289–91; seven hour lines method 291
Prophatius Iudeus
:
see Jacob b. Makhir b. Tibbon
Prorrogation
:
see tasyīr
Prosdocimo de Beldomandi of Padua (fl. 1424)
647
Ptolemy (2nd c. CE) and pseudo-Ptolemy 501; Almagest
2, 8, 28, 54, 194, 311–2, 329, 333–4, 362, 369, 371, 492–3, 496, 499, 510, 511–5, 519–23, 524, 527, 545–6, 588–591, 593–5, 597–8, 608–10, 614, 617, 642, 647–8, 654, 662, 749–50, 753, 821, 826, 852–4, 865, 868, 877, 881; Planisphaerium 18, 421, 429, 444, 460; Geography 28, 356–9; Optics 28; Qānūn/ Handy Tables 54, 28, 357, 501–2, 747, 779, 786, 787, 804, 827, 850–1, 865, 903; Tetrabiblos (Quadripartitum) 28, 181, 202, 208, 279, 287, 293, 554, 833, 849; Hypotheses 362, 498, 502, 521, 524, 549, 551–2, 573; Kitāb al-Thamara (Karpós, Centiloquium) 8, 181, 183, 193, 202, 294.
al-Qāʾim [ibn] al-Mahdī, Fatimid Caliph (934–946)
356
al-Qabīṣī (fl. ca. 950) Introductorius
182, 186, 207, 249–50, 321
Qāḍī Ḥasan al-Makkī (17th c.)
817
al-Qādir b. Dhī l-Nūn, Yaḥyā II, king of Toledo (1075–85)
166, 328, 460, 578
Qāḍīzāda al-Rūmī (15th c.)
464
al-Qalaṣādī (ca. 1412–1486)
11, 483
Qalb al-asad (Regulus)
329, 362, 587–591, 608–10, 627, 634, 651, 731, 753
al-Qānūn
23, 683, 886
Qāsim b. Muṭarrif al-Qaṭṭān (fl. ca. 950)
5, 6, 73, 78, 85, 116, 121, 498, 502–6, 575; stars 504; precession of the equinoxes 504–5; names of planets and zodiacal signs 505
qaṭʿ, astrological cut or interruption in the sequence of events
159
qāṭiʿ pl. qawāṭiʿ
238, 276
Qayrawān, mosque of Sīdī ʿUqba
113, 128–130
Qibla
16, 45, 128–151, 352, 410, 439
Qayrawān, Mosque of Sīdī ʿUqba
128–130; Zaragoza 130–131; Córdoba 130–135, 408–10; mosques in Granada 144, 410
Qibla indicators
147–151: rising point of Suhayl 130, 131, 134, 142–143, 149–150; rising point of Qalb al-ʿAqrab 148; rising Sun in the winter solstice 129–130, 147–148; rising Sun in the summer solstice 131; rising Sun in the equinoxes 148–149; midpoint of the South-Eastern quadrant of the horizon 150; South 150; rising point of other stars 151
Legal criteria: taqlīd, ijtihād, jiha, samt
144–147
Orientation of mosques following the street-plan
129, 131; orientation in parallel to the Kaʿba 131, 132
Astronomical solutions of the qibla problem
135–139; method of the zījes 137–139, 473, 709–10
Astronomers and the orientation of mosques
139–144; Madīnat al-Zahrāʾ 139–140
qisma
244, 246–7, 275, 321
Quadrants
18, 100–108, 324, 470–75; zarqālī and shakkāzī quadrants 464–5; almucantar quadrant 473–4; myrtle quadrant 474; cuadrante sennero 474–475;
see Timekeeping
al-Qurashī, Abū Bakr ʿUbayd Allāh (d. 1052), Taʾlīf fī awqāt al-ṣalawāt ʿalā madhāhib al-ʿulamāʾ
44; Tafṣirat al-mubtadiʾ wa tadhkirat al-muntahī fī maʿrifat al-awqāt bi l-ḥisāb min ghayr āla wa-lā kitāb 44
Qusṭā b. Lūqā (fl. second half of the 9th c.) De differentia spiritus et animae
181–2; treatise on the celestial sphere 330–341
Quṭb al-Dīn al-Shīrazī (d. 1311)
514
al-Quwaydis, Abū Isḥāq b. Lubb (d. 1062)
496
Rabīʿ b. Zayd (fl. 955)/ Recemundus
3, 380, 684
Radolphus of Liège (fl. 1025)
390
Ragimboldus of Köln (fl. 1025)
390
Ramar/ Renardi/Remaur/Raymar Ohem (fl. 1392ff)
201
Ramon Llull: (ca. 1232 – 1316)
20, 36–37, Tractatus novus de astronomia/ De nova astronomia 20, 37, 200, 223–227; Liber principiorum medicine 120–121; De nova geometria 120–121
raqīb
49
Raymond Bancal (fl. 1326)
207, 883
Raymond of La Sauvetat, archbishop of Toledo (1125–1152)
32
Raymundus Bancalis
:
see Raymond Bancal
Raymundus Lullius
:
see Ramon Llull
al-Rāzī, Abū Zakariyāʾ (d. 925)
194
Recemundus
:
see Rabīʿ b. Zayd
Regiomontanus (1436–1476)
510, 544, 655, 893
Reinhold, Erasmus (1511–43)
485
Revolution of the months (taḥwīl al-shuhūr)
241
Revolution of the years (taḥwīl al-sinīn)
243–7
al-Riqūṭī al-Mursī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad (fl. 1266)
827–8
Risālat al-hayʾa by an anonymous Toledan astronomer of the 11th c.
370
Risāla fī awqāt al-sana
50, 75
Robert of Chester (fl. 1140)
824
Robert Grosseteste (ca. 1175–1253)
543
Robert of Ketton (fl. 1141–1157)
27, 32, 18, 185, 721
Robert Losinga, bishop of Hereford (12th c.)
689–90
Rodrigo of Vasurto (fl. 1487–1504)
40, 210
Roger Bacon (ca. 1214–ca. 1292)
543
Roger of Howden (end 12th c.)
170
Roger of Wendover (13th c.)
170
al-Rudānī. Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Sulaymān (1627–83), al-Nāqiʿa ʿala al-ālat al-jāmiʿa
343–4, 346, 351
Rudolf of Bruges (fl. 1144)
430
al-Rukānī
767
Rustum, dynasty (778–909)
7
Rūṭa (Rueda del Jalón)
26
Sahl b. Bishr (fl. 821–850)
185, 194, 209, 235
Sahl b. ʿUthmān b. Abī Ḥabīb (fl. 968)
142
Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī (1029–70)
3, 21, 23, 28, 163, 681, 721–23, 735, 839; Iṣlāḥ ḥarakāt al-nujūm 29, 580; Ṭabaqāt al-umam 21, 23, 130, 163, 461, 496, 577, 579–80, 610, 618, 622, 689, 691
Saʿīd b. Khazrūn (d. 1037–8)
228
Salamanca University: chair of Astrology (ca. 1460–1504)
40, 209–10
Samuel ben Jehudah of Marseilles (fl. 1335)
494
Samuel ben Tibbon (ca. 1165–1232)
544
Sancho of Aragón, archbishop of Toledo (1266–1275)
32
Sanjaq Dār al-Tūnisī, Muḥammad al-Sharīf (fl. late 17th c.), Zij al-Sharīf
642, 817–820
al-Sanjufīnī (fl. 1366)
629, 794, 837
al-Saqaṭī (fl. ca 1200–1225)
153
Scorpio 20°: period of rain
249, 320–1
Seasons of the year
51
Secants table
96
Second accession (al-iqbāl al-thānī/ iqbāl al-ʿamūd fī l-quṭr)
603, 622, 626, 761–3
Seniofredus
:
see Lupitus Barchinonensis
Sententiae astrolabii
18
Seven ages of men and the corresponding ruling planets
239–40
al-Sijzī (ca. 950–ca. 1025)
429–30
al-Simāk al-Aʿzal
651
Sindhind
23, 51, 683, 709
Size of the Mediterranean
703–708
Size of the Universe
40, 547–552, 573–575
Solomon Franco (fl. 1375)
39, 652, 736, 868, 870, 874
Spherical astrolabe
341–352
Stephen of Antioch/ of Pisa
553–4, 564–5
Sukūt al-Barghawāṭī (11th c.)
7
Sulaymān b. Yaḥyā al-Munajjim
295–6
Sun: Ibn al-Zarqālluh’s book on the solar year
654–667; solar and planetary apogees 507, 629–634, 657–661, 733; Ibn al-Zarqālluh’s solar model with variable eccentricity 661–667, 737, 739; sunspots 514, 518, 521; in al-Khwārizmī’s zīj 691–2
Sundials
17, 18, 109–119, 324; sundial tables 115; cylindrical dials 115, 324; conical dials (mukḥula) 115, 324; balāṭa 115–119; monumental sundial in the Alfonsine Libro del relogio del Palacio de las horas 119;
see Ibn al-Raqqām
Tables of Barcelona
38, 201, 202–3, 261, 615, 636, 642, 686, 804, 812, 858–867, 891; trepidation 649–50, 749, 859, 866, 880; solar apogee 658, 660; star tables 859–60; combination of mean motions and equations 861, 866; tropical or sidereal tables? 861, 863, 866; revolutio anni 863–4
Tabulae resolutae
:
see Nicholaus Polonius
al-Tājūrī (d. 1582), Tanbīh al-ghāfilīn ʿan qiblat al-ṣaḥāba wa l-tābiʿīn
145, 146
Taqwīm
340, 876–7, 878–80
Taʾsīs
250, 321
Tasyīr
15, 179, 237, 274–283; ascensions, right, oblique and mixed 238–9, 279; astrological cycles 274–276; direct method on the ecliptic 276–9; on the equator: hour line method 279–281, 346; position semicircle method 281–2; distance method 282–3
al-Tawzarī, ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (m. 1454)
106, 473
Thābit b. Qurra (d. 901)
330, 363, 457, 579, 585, 587, 588, 589, 590, 591, 608–10, 662, 673, 687, 823–4
Theodosius of Tripoli (first c. CE)
330
Theon of Alexandria (ca. 335–405)
524, 529–30, 642, 644, 727
Thietmar of Magdeburg (d. 1018)
120
Thomas Aquinas (ca. 1225–1274)
543
Thomas of Bologna (fl. 1385–88)
201
Thurayyā
121–122
al-Ṭibb al-Qashṭālī al-Malūkī
39, 570–1
Tiberius, Roman Emperor (r. 14–37)
648
Ṭībughā/Ṭaybugha, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn (m. 1394)
465
Tilimsān/ Tlemcen: mosques of Sīdī Ḥalwī and al-Manṣūra
113
Timekeeping
3, 9, 15, 16, 17, 44–128, 406, 504, 506; ascensional difference 94–95, 698–700, 740, 811, 890; astrolabe 100; crescent visibility 55–70, 702, 709–10, 715, 769–70, 836, 902, 904–5; daylight tables 96–99, 726–27, 885; folk-astronomy 73–93; hour 95–96; instruments for telling the time 100–128: quadrans novus 106, quadrans vetus 107–108, quadrans vetustissimus 100–103, sexagenarium 105, 471–2, sine quadrant 104–6, 452, 472–4; lunar mansions for telling the time during the night 85–93; prayer tables 17; prayer times 71–73, 113–114: ẓuhr & ʿaṣr prayers 79–82; fajr & maghrib prayers 83–93, 835; shadow schemes 73; tables for timekeeping in the Maghrib: 71; zījes 93–99.,
see sundials, nocturnal, candle clocks, clepsydras
Toledan Tables
3, 39, 53, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 63, 94, 95, 97, 163, 170, 171, 260, 263, 290, 368, 437, 506, 514, 545, 577, 580, 642, 644, 662, 675, 687–8, 692, 698–9, 701, 704, 715, 719–734, 735, 742, 747, 750, 767, 776, 779, 798–803, 829, 831, 833, 835–6, 841, 842, 844, 848–9, 851–4, 856, 865, 868, 870–1, 879, 882, 884, 889, 901; origin 721–24; sets of canons 724–26; numerical tables calculated for Toledo 726–27; star tables 730–31
Transits of Mercury and Venus on top of the Sun
514, 518
Transits (astrological)
712–13, 738
Translations in the first half of the 12th c.
180–6; works selected 182
Trepidation theory
:
see precession and trepidation
Triplicities
160
Tropical versus sidereal astronomy and astrology
255, 317, 636–642, 644, 649–50, 814–821, 823–4, 831–2, 839, 844–7, 855–6, 861, 863–9, 879, 882–5, 889, 902–5
Tunisian recension
:
see Anonymous Tunisian recension of Ibn Isḥāq’s zīj
al-ʿUdhrī (1003–1085)
130
Ulrich of Strasbourg (d. ca. 1278)
543
Ulugh Beg (1393–1449)
12, 631, 814, 817–20, 904
ʿUmar b. Farrukhān al-Ṭabarī (d. ca. 815)
184, 300, 321, 703
Universal astrolabes
440–70
al-ʿUtaqī al-Furriyānī al-Ifrīqī, Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Muḥammad, Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān (d. 955) Kitāb fī l-nujūm wa-aḥkāmi-hā
5
ʿUthmān b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ṣaffār (fl. 1300)
401
ʿUthmān al-Sayqal (d. 941)
5, 153
Validity period of a zīj
672, 746–7, 755, 760
Venus: apogee does not coincide with the solar apogee
695
Vettius Valens (2nd c. C.E.)
194, 241, 289, 295–6, 299
Walcher of Malvern (fl. 1092)
120, 690
al-Walīd b. Zaydān, sultan of Morocco (1630–35)
896
Wālīs al-Miṣrī
:
see Vettius Valens
al-Wansharīsī
139, 141–142
al-Wāsiṭī (d. 1045–6?)
496
William II of Sicily (1154–1166)
:
see Ghiyām b. Rujār
William of Auvergne (ca. 1185–1249)
543
William Batecombe (fl. 1348)
840
Yaḥyā b. Abī Manṣūr (fl. ca. 830)
332, 487, 546, 588, 636, 684, 686–7, 740, 750, 758, 778, 823, 826, 891
Yaḥyā al-Ghazāl (773–864)
154–8
Yaʿqov ben Abī Abraham Yizḥāq al-Corsuno
:
see Jacob Corsuno
Yaʿqūb al-Manṣūr, Almohad Caliph (1184–1199)
8
Yaʿqub b. Ṭāriq (second half of the 8th c.)
247, 683, 750
Yehudah b. Mosheh/ Yehuda fi de Mose fi de Mosca (13th c.)
36, 38, 198, 331, 828, 856, 888
Yehudah b. Salomon ha-Kohen (fl. 1247)
544
Yiḥaq ibn Barukh ibn al-Baliyya (1034–1093)
163
Yomṭob
:
see Bonjorn
Yosef b. Isḥāq b. Mosheh b. Waqār (fl. 1357–1396), Sefer Luḥot
39, 804, 839, 867–8, 871, 874, 884
Yosef ha-Parsi (fl. 1439–1444): equatorium
492
Yūnus al-Barghawāṭī (r. 842–884)
6
Yūsuf I of Granada (1333–1354)
13, 179
Yūsuf Ḥallāj (15th c.)
463–4
Yūsuf b. Tashfīn (d. 1106–7), leader of the Almoravids
7, 166
Yūsuf ibnʿUmar ibn Abī Thalla (d. 1043)
163
Zacut, Abraham (1452–1515)
212, 867–9, 870–73, 904–5; observations 872–3; ha-Ḥibbur ha- gadol 38, 40, 210, 213, 647, 883, 887–92; precession 650–54, 873; motion of the apogees 889–90; meridian of water 891; Almanach perpetuum 38, 41, 42, 55, 213, 261, 293, 295–6, 890–1, 892–4; star tables 894; Arabic versions of the Almanach Perpetuum 894–902; other tables 869–71; Tratado breve en las ynfluencias del cielo 213–4
Zaradusht
237, 252, 283
al-Zarqāl, Abū l-Qāsim b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān
125, 578
al-Zarqālī
:
see Ibn al-Zarqālluh
Zaydān al-Manṣūr (d. 1627), sultan of Morocco
896
al-Zayyāt, Isḥāq b. al-Ḥasan b. Abī l-Ḥusayn (fl. 975–1025)
709
al-Zīj
23, 683
Zīj al-Shāh
696, 779, 850
Zīrid dinasty in the Maghrib (972–1152)
6
Ziryāb
155
Ziyād ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Anṣārī (d. 1085)
45
Ziyādat Allāh b. Ibrāhīm, emir of Ifrīqiyā (fl. 836)
129
Zodiacal-calendar scale
373–4, 390–1, 397, 406–8, 452
al-Zubayr b. Aḥmad b. Ibrāhīm b. al-Zubayr al-Thaqafī (d. after 1300)
402