Abbreviations
| A.D. Moselle |
Archives départementales de la Moselle |
| Arch. JTSA |
Archives of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America |
| BN |
Bibliothèque Nationale |
| BT |
Babylonian Talmud |
| CAHJP |
Central Archives for the History of the Jewish People |
| HUCA |
Hebrew Union College Annual |
| JMH |
Journal of Modern History |
| JQR |
Jewish Quarterly Review |
| JSS |
Jewish Social Studies |
| JT |
Jerusalem Talmud |
| M. |
Mishnah |
| PKM |
Pinkas Kahal of Metz |
| PMBD |
Pinkas of the Metz Beit Din |
| REJ |
Revue des études juives |
| Resp. |
Responsa |