Index
Africa xiii
,
xv
,
8
,
42
,
53 –54 85
,
131
,
151
,
168
,
185
,
199
,
277
Aglietta, Michael 107
alba xx
,
247
,
288
Amin, Samir 6
,
35
,
122
,
133
,
269
Anderson, Perry 22
,
28
,
125
,
132
Antisystemic xviii
,
xxvi
,
13
,
14
,
17
,
18
,
25
,
35
,
40
,
95
,
120
,
123
,
128
,
145
,
180
,
195
,
197
,
225
,
310
movements 13
,
128
,
195
,
197
,
255
Antunes, Ricardo 91
Argentina 74
,
140
,
171
,
199
,
227
,
244
,
250
,
254
,
269
,
271
,
275
,
279 –81 284
,
286
,
288
,
290
,
294
,
297
,
299
,
301 –3 306
Arrighi, Giovanni 31 –33 38
,
43 –47 49
,
51 –52 56
,
58 –62 65
,
69 –70 111
,
139
,
148
,
153
,
240
,
249 –50 254
Asia 32
,
42
,
48
,
50 –54 67
,
120
,
131
,
160
,
177
,
187
,
199
,
297
Asiatic mode of production 27 –28 264
Bachelet, Michele 127
balance-of-payments crisis 175
,
199
,
202
,
255
Bambirra, Vânia 85
,
211
,
219
,
225
,
262 –63 278
Baran, Paul 219 –21 224
,
228 –30
Belluzzo, Luiz Gonzaga 122
,
189 –190
Bernstein, Edward 14
Berr, Henri 12
Blair, Tony 127
,
179
Bloch, Marc 12
Bolivarian Revolution 171
,
247
Bolsonaro, Jair xiv
,
xx
bourgeoisie, local 119
,
217
,
239
,
241
,
285 –86
Boyer, Robert 107 –8
Braudel, Fernand 7
,
9
,
12 –13 18
,
20
,
30 –33 43 –44 75
,
119
Brazil 4
,
6
,
61
,
140 –41 185
,
187
,
194
,
199
,
208
,
210
,
212
,
217
,
236
,
241 –42 244 –45 249
,
254 –55 261
,
264
,
269
,
275 –80 284 –86 288
,
290
,
292
,
294 –95 297 –99 301 –3 305 –6 308 –9
Brenner, Robert 111
,
155
,
162
brics xiii
,
xv
,
141
,
187
,
194
,
255
,
277
,
289
,
292
,
310
Brigñoli, Hector Pérez 51
,
198
,
241
British hegemony 49 –58 64
,
134
,
159
,
175
,
201
Brzezinski, Zbignew 5
Bukharin, Nikolai 14
Burke, Edmund 125
Bush, George W. xii –xiii 128 –30 144
,
164
,
173 –74 176 –79 182
,
187
,
194
,
284
Campos, Roberto 207 –12 245
capital, centralising 79
,
244
capital accumulation 8 –9 15
,
20
,
34
,
42
,
45
,
55
,
84
,
87 –89 113
,
115
,
118
,
120
,
124 –25 152
,
185
,
189
,
192
,
222
,
229
,
258
,
268
capital flows 124
,
210
,
232
,
293
,
301
,
308
international 35
,
124
,
166 –67 275 –76 290 –91
capitalism 2
,
6
,
8
,
10 –11 13 –15 17 –20 24
,
26 –27 29 –35 37
,
39
,
41
,
43 –45 53
,
71 –75 77 –79 87
,
89
,
91 –93 95
,
100 –103 114 –16 130
,
133
,
142 –44 153 –54 189 –91 204 –5 221
,
241 –42
monopoly 229 –30 241
capitalist development 2
,
11
,
14
,
19 –20 26
,
32
,
35
,
74 –76 78
,
103 –4 118
,
122
,
193
,
212
,
232
,
262
,
264
,
270 –71 275
Caputo, Orlando 8
,
67
,
193
,
210
,
219
,
225
,
275
,
293
Carcanholo, Marcelo 266
,
271
Cardoso, Ciro Flammarion 241
Cardoso, Fernando Henrique 51
,
207
,
214 –19 228 –30 236
,
244
,
262
,
271
,
275
Cardoso, João Manuel 189
Castañeda, Jorge 243
,
265
,
269
Castro, Antonio Barros de 242 –43
Ceceña, Ana Esther 8
,
24
,
138
,
184 –86 188
cepal 199
,
231
,
233
,
245
,
256
,
288
,
290 –91 294 –95 300 –303 306
,
309
Challenges of Globalization 1
,
4 –5 7
,
9
,
11
,
13
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
21
,
23
,
25
Chávez, Hugo 127
Chesnais, François 6
,
55
,
102
,
155
,
184
,
189 –90
Chile 84
,
140
,
241
,
244
,
247
,
254
,
269
,
279 –80 283
,
286 –88 291
,
294
,
296 –97 299
,
302
China 3
,
8
,
26
,
53
,
62
,
66 –67 100
,
103
,
120
,
123
,
137
,
139 –41 151
,
167 –69 171 –72 181
,
183
,
187
,
191
,
194
,
232
,
235
,
238 –40 253
,
255 –56 277
,
281
,
286
,
288 –91 296
civilisation xviii
,
75
,
94
,
95
,
121,
,
138
,
141 –143 148
,
150
,
170
class struggle 75 –76 242
,
265
,
269
Clinton, Bill 39
,
127
,
130
,
136
,
176 –177 182 –183 284
Clinton, Hillary 183
Clinton-led 39
Cold War 12
,
61 –62 110 –11 139
,
174 –76 197
,
251
Colombia 185
,
254
,
279
,
280
,
291
,
303
commodities, devaluation of 259
,
273
contradictions 7 –9 42
,
44 –45 90
,
93 –94 96
,
99
,
114 –15 117 –19 124
,
127
,
130
,
135 –36 138
,
161
,
164
,
171 –73 176
,
188
,
192
,
212
,
215
,
221
,
226 –27 232
,
257
,
260
,
273
,
275 –76 281
Coriat, Benjamin 56
,
105 –07 109
Correa, Rafael 128
,
286
countries, semi-peripheral 38
,
61
,
63
,
117
,
123
,
139 –40 196
,
249
Couto e Silva, Golbery 277
crisis, systemic 2
,
24
,
39 –40 313 –14
cycles, long 2
,
17
,
71 –73 75 –77 79
,
81
,
89
,
302
Cuba 151
,
179
,
187
,
188
,
216
,
237
Cueva, Agustin 241
,
264
,
271
Day, Richard 74
De Bernis, Gerard 107
decapitalisation 220
,
230
dependency 1 –3 14
,
16
,
24
,
30
,
123
,
195
,
197
,
203
,
211
,
213 –19 221
,
225 –26 228
,
230
,
232
,
234 –36 240
,
247 –48 257
,
261 –65 267
,
270 –71 275
,
278 –79 281 –82 285
,
292
,
311 –12 315
political economy of 3
,
257
,
259
,
261
,
263
,
265 –67 269
,
271
,
273
,
275
,
277
dependency theory 1
,
8
,
14
,
16
,
24
,
184
,
195
,
197
,
206
,
211
,
220 –21 228
,
240 –42 248
,
252
,
255
,
262
,
264
,
315
dependent capitalism 141
,
217 –19 221
,
224 –26 230
,
232 –33 237 –38 240 –41 256 –59 262 –64 266 –67 272
,
276
,
280 –81 304 –6
dollar, overvalued 162
,
165
Dosi, Giovanni 80
Dreifuss, René 5
,
102
Dutch hegemony 40
,
49
,
51
eclac 199
,
204
,
245
,
300
,
302
ecological crisis 141
,
144
economic growth 57
,
71
,
99
,
111
,
122
,
126
,
130
,
136
,
138 –39 158 –59 166
,
170
,
172
,
177 –78 199
,
206
,
209
,
225
,
232 –34 237 –38 244 –45 281 –82 286
,
293
,
295
,
302
,
306
,
308
,
310
,
316
ecosystems 150
,
304 –5
Edquist, Charles 37
Eichengreen, Barry 57
Engels, Frederick 14
,
17 –18 20 –24
European World-Economy 27
,
30
,
53
expansion, long cycle of 300 –301 303
expansive phase 43
,
64 –65 79
,
83
,
86
,
89
,
96
,
129
,
145
,
153 –54 158
,
164
,
237
,
290
,
302
exploitation 190
,
193
,
258
,
265
,
268 –69 272
Fajnzylber, Fernando 298
Faletto, Enzo 214 –19 228 –29 232
Fanon, Frantz 199
fascism 59 –60 66
,
85
,
128
,
132
,
143
,
147
,
155
,
175
,
226 –27 279
,
283
Febvre, Lucien 12
Feijoo, Jose Valenzuela 265
,
268
Fernandes, Florestan 195
,
211
,
240 –41 249
feudalism, crisis of 27 –28 31
,
33
,
146
fictitious capital xvii
,
xix
,
xxi
,
114
,
129
,
130
,
137
,
145
,
155
,
165
,
182
,
275
,
277
,
287
,
288
financial capital 4
,
33
,
97
,
122
,
131
,
189 –90 229
,
277 –78 300
financial dependency 217 –18 228
,
232 –33 238
,
244
,
253
,
277
,
294
,
315
financial liberalisation 111
,
277
,
280
Fiori, José Luis 6
,
122
,
242
,
244
fixed capital 82
,
88
,
93
,
192 –93 224
Fordism 22
,
56
,
105 –6 112
foreign capital 38
,
67
,
109
,
140
,
172
,
175
,
200
,
203 –5 207
,
209 –10 212
,
217
,
225
,
227 –28 230
,
232 –33 238
,
244
,
247
,
259
,
277
,
285
,
287
,
289
,
293 –98 315
,
317
France 12
,
49
,
52
,
55 –58 62 –63 100
,
103
,
130
,
140
,
184
,
253
,
264
,
299
Franco, Gustavo 245 –47
Frank, Andre Gunder xvi
,
34
,
48
,
53
,
60
,
82
,
200 –201 217
,
219 –21 224
,
263
,
271
Freeman, Christopher 37
,
54 –55 78
,
80 –81
Fukuyama, Francis 55
Furtado, Celso 7
,
51
,
200
,
202
,
204
Germany 11 –12 53
,
56 –58 60
,
63
,
127
,
130
,
140
,
159
,
172
Giddens, Anthony 5
,
146
Gills, Barry 7
,
8
,
34
global South xiii
,
xv
,
xvii
globalization 1 –2 4 –11 13
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
21
,
23
,
25
,
96 –97 99 –103 105
,
107
,
109
,
111
,
113
,
115
,
117 –19 121
,
123 –25 127 –29 131
,
133
,
135 –39 141
,
143
,
145
,
147
,
149
,
312
Grilliches, Zvi 116
Grossmann, Henryk 17
Grotius, Hugo 48
Habermas, Jürgen 5
Hayek, Frederich xviii
,
125
,
126
,
132
,
314
hegemonic crisis 16
,
25
,
45
,
49
,
102
,
110
,
134
,
138
,
153
,
155
,
171 –72 179 –80 194
,
255
,
282 –83 316
hegemonic state 7
,
18
,
40
,
42
,
44 –45 64
,
68
,
70
,
130
,
132
,
134
,
136 –37 148
,
152 –53 188
,
237
,
249
hegemony, crisis of 2
,
9
,
57
,
134
,
144
,
186
historical capitalism 2
,
8
,
10 –11 17
,
19 –20 23 –24 29
,
32
,
38 –40 45 –46 68
,
74 –75 81
,
90
,
96
,
100
,
103
,
114
,
119
,
122 –24 131
,
133
,
135
,
138
,
140 –41 143 –49 152 –54 221
,
227
,
312 –14
Hitler, Adolf xviii
,
145
Honduras xiv
,
171
,
247
,
280
,
281
,
288
Hopkins, Terence 24
,
70
Huntington, Samuel 145
,
147
,
184
Ianni, Octávio 5
,
151
,
240
Imbert, Gaston 43
imperialism 2
,
14 –17 51
,
58
,
102
,
129
,
153
,
186 –87 196
,
199
,
216
,
221
,
228
,
243
,
252
,
254
,
261
,
264
,
276
,
278
,
313 –14
India 8
,
51
,
53 –54 66
,
100
,
120
,
139 –41 160
,
168 –69 171
,
194
,
253
inter-capitalist competition, intensified 36
,
100
interest rates 72
,
77
,
79
,
82
,
114
,
129 –30 144 –45 156
,
162
,
172
,
176
,
178
,
181
,
186
,
209
,
284
internal market 7
,
40
,
56
,
64
,
133
,
141
,
166 –67 182
,
201 –3 205
,
216 –17 220
,
222
,
225 –26 233
,
235
,
238
,
241
,
255
,
261
,
271
,
277
,
282
,
291
,
297
,
299
,
305 –6 309
,
316
Japan
capitalism 107 –8
crisis 107
,
109
,
111 –12
economy 107
,
110 –11
productivity 112
Jospin, Leonel 127
,
130
Katz, Claudio 265
,
269
Kautsky, Karl 14
Kay, Cristobal 265
Keck, Otto 55
,
57
Kemp, Tom 53
,
55 –57
Kennedy, Paul 47
,
53
Keohanne, Robert 5
,
146
Kershaw, Ian 60
Keynesianism xvi
,
65
,
66
,
125
,
197 –200 207
,
251
,
252
,
270
,
279
Kindelberger, Charles 206
Kirchner, Cristina xx
,
127
,
254
,
286
Kirchner, Nestor 127
Kitchin, Joseph 17
,
72 –73 77
,
85
Kohl, Helmut 127
Kol, Henri Van 14
Kondratiev, Nicolai 14
,
16
,
25
,
55
,
71 –77 79
,
81
,
83 –84 290
,
313
cycles 9
,
24 –25 35
,
43
,
51 –52 54
,
71
,
75
,
77 –79 81 –82 85 –86 96
,
103
,
114
,
118
,
120
,
128 –29 145
,
154 –59 164
,
167
,
184
,
193
,
313
debate with Trotsky 74 –75
Kurz, Robert 103
labour
abstract 36
,
121
,
150
,
223
dead 87
,
89
necessary 88
,
93
,
96
,
121
,
263
,
269
unpaid 88
labour exploitation 89
,
91
,
190
,
259
labour power
average value of 268 –69
prices of 37
,
100
,
113
,
118
,
142
,
190
,
225
,
258
,
260
,
265
,
267 –69 271
,
274
value of 23
,
78
,
91 –93 95
,
103
,
105
,
113
,
119
,
139 –40 258
,
265
,
267 –69 274
,
302
labour power reproduction 102
,
118
,
130
,
170
labour process 56
,
79
,
90 –91 93
,
95
,
108
,
121
,
186
,
272
Landes, David 55 –58
laws of capitalist accumulation xvii
,
15 –20 35 –36 79
,
81 –84 87 –96 103
,
125
,
144
,
154
,
190 –92 209
,
266 –278
Leff, Enrique 150
,
304
Lenin, Vladimir 14
,
214
,
216
,
243
liberalism xii –xiv xvi
,
xviii
,
10
,
11
,
17
,
39 –42 45
,
49 –52 56
,
59
,
62
,
67 –70 111
,
120
,
125
,
126
,
130
,
131
,
197
List, Friedrich 11
long waves 54
,
71
,
79 –82
Lugo, Fernando 128
,
286
Lula da Silva, Luiz Ignacio 127
,
286
Lundvall, Bengt-Åke 37
Luxemburg, Rosa 14
Macri, Mauricio xiv
,
xx
Maddison, Angus 39
,
51
,
53 –55 57
,
63 –64 67
,
110
,
124
,
139
,
160 –61 169 –70 185
,
199
,
210
,
237
,
250
,
254
,
294
,
297
Maduro, Nicolas xx
,
127
Mandel, Ernest 55
,
73
,
78 –80 83 –84
Mansfield, Edwin 116
Mantega, Guido 263 –64 278
Mariátegui, José Carlos 220 –21
Marín, Barreda 184
Marini, Ruy Mauro 91
,
118
,
122
,
170
,
217
,
221 –24 226
,
235 –36 257 –67 269 –71 276
Martins, Carlos Eduardo 55
,
83
,
118
,
152
,
265
,
275 –76
Marx, Karl xxvi
,
3
,
8
,
14
,
15
,
17
,
18
,
20 –24 26
,
36
,
56
,
87 –96 99
,
101
,
104
,
115
,
118
,
121
,
124
,
125
,
154
,
184
,
189
,
190
,
193
,
214
,
242
,
257
,
264 –268 270 –274
Marxism 11 –14 17
,
24
,
66
,
312
Marxist theory of dependency 232
,
257
,
267
,
270
Mello, João Manuel Cardoso 189
,
242 –43
mercantilism 49 –51
Mészáros, István 95
,
150
Mexico 61
,
100
,
140
,
185
,
235
,
249
,
254 –55 269
,
275
,
279 –80 286 –88 291 –92 294 –96 298 –99 302
,
309
Mises, Ludwig Von xviii
,
125 –26
modernisation theories 196 –97 205 –7 230
monopolies 20
,
31
,
35 –36 43 –45 48
,
50
,
113 –14 122
,
124 –25 127 –28 142
,
221 –22 224
,
261
,
274
monopolising 107
Morales, Evo 128
,
286
movements, fascist 147
,
227
Mowery, David 56
Mujica, José 128
,
286
multipolarity 169
,
255
,
310
Mussolini, Benito 16
national-developmentalism 197
,
199
,
205
,
211
,
315
Negri, Toni 5
neoliberalism 1
,
3
,
6
,
9
,
84 –86 102
,
107
,
111
,
123 –29 131 –33 138
,
141
,
143
,
146
,
174 –75 177 –78 236 –40 245
,
247
,
252 –53 258
,
276
,
278 –81 283
,
286
,
292
,
297
,
302
,
312
,
314 –15
neoliberal model 3
,
177
,
236
,
244
,
255
,
257 –58 275
,
277
,
279
,
296 –97 299
,
301 –2 312
,
315 –16
Novais, Fernando 36
Nye, Joseph 5
,
146
,
184
Obama, Barack xiii
,
128
,
130 –31 146
,
151
,
163
,
175
,
178 –82 187 –88
Obrador, Manuel Lopez 280
,
286
oecd 63
,
102 –4 111 –16 124
,
129 –30 148
,
168 –69
Ohmae, Kenichi 5
organic core 116
,
137
,
238 –40 249 –50 275
,
307
Ortega, Daniel 128
,
286
Osório, Jaime 266 –267
overproduction 89
,
113 –14 155
Palma, Gabriel 264
,
271
,
278
Paraguay xiv
,
xx
,
171
,
254
,
281
,
286
Parry, John H. 48
Perez, Carlota 54 –55 78
,
80 –81
Piketti, Thomas 274
Pinochet, Augusto xviii
,
132
Plekhanov, Georgi Valentinovich 14
Polanco, Hector-Diaz 264
Polanyi, Karl 147
Popper, Karl 125
Prebisch, Raul 200
,
202
,
204
average conditions of 268
capitalist mode of 2
,
8
,
17
,
19
,
23
,
25
,
35 –36 74 –75 87 –88 97 –99 105
,
124
,
189
,
221
,
312 –13
capitalist relations of 8
,
17
,
189
mode of 17 –21 23
,
26 –27 34 –35 82
,
92
,
97 –98 115
,
154
,
188
,
192
,
242
,
262
relations of 21 –23 88
,
96
,
98 –100 121
,
154
production costs 5
,
29
,
45
,
52
,
70
,
72 –73 78
,
81
,
87
,
99
,
102
,
111
,
117
,
198
,
283
productive capacity 52
,
140
,
258
,
270
productive capital 114
,
172
,
189 –90 192
,
228
,
246
productive forces 4
,
8
,
11
,
17
,
20 –23 25
,
53
,
90
,
92 –93 95 –99 102
,
104 –5 112
,
116
,
119
,
134 –36 138
,
147
,
150
,
153
,
190
,
221
,
226
,
230
,
234 –35 255
,
263
,
286
,
312
,
315
productivity 33
,
81
,
89
,
92
,
94 –95 104 –6 110
,
119
,
121
,
140
,
150
,
198
,
203 –5 222 –24 232
,
235
,
245
,
247
,
258
,
263
,
265
,
267 –69 272 –74 309 –10
profit rates, falling 8
,
17
,
81 –82 88 –89 96
,
102
,
109
,
249
,
267
,
313
Reagan, Ronald 66
,
110
,
127
,
144
,
164
,
175
,
188
,
284
realisation crises 82
,
113 –14 226
,
228 –29
regulationists 2
,
108 –10 112
Reich, Robert 5
Ricardo, David 197 –98
Richta, Radovan xvi
,
8
,
14
,
17
,
22
,
96 –100 154
Rodríguez, Octavio 200
Rosenberg, Nathan 56
Rostow, Walt 206 –7
Rousseff, Dilma 127
Russia xiv
,
50
,
51
,
60
,
62
,
128
,
141
,
168
,
187
,
191 –194
Sader, Emir 138
,
185
,
188
,
254
Sanders, Bernie 183
Santos, Theotonio dos 8
,
14
,
22
,
24
,
60
,
67
,
78
,
81
,
83
,
95
,
97
,
125
,
127
,
149 –50 195
,
199
,
206
,
211
,
213
,
219
,
221 –22 224 –27 232
,
234
,
236
,
262 –63 275
,
278
,
287
,
293
Scandella, Luigi 43
Schacht, Hjalmar xix
Schumpeter, Joseph 76 –79 214
sectors of capital 218
,
255
secular trends 1 –2 7
,
18
,
27 –28 33
,
64
,
70
,
81
,
87
,
119 –20 134
,
144
,
155
,
234
,
248 –49 252
,
312 –13 316
semi-periphery xviii
,
25
,
29
,
37 –39 42
,
54
,
59 –60 62
,
118
,
123
,
135
,
138
,
141
,
180
,
196 –97 248 –250
Serra, José 205
,
218
,
262 –64 269 –271 278
Schröder, Gerhard 127
,
130
Silver, Beverly xvi, 4
,
7
,
9
,
20
,
29
,
45
,
50 –53 58 –60 68 –70 134
,
148
,
153
,
180
social returns of innovation 99
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
125
,
134
,
140
social sciences 1
,
4 –5 7
,
9
,
11
,
13
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
21
,
23
,
25
,
68 –69 153
,
197
,
248
,
311
socialism xvi 4
,
7
,
9
,
20
,
29
,
45
,
50 –53 58 –60 68 –70 68 –70 134
,
148
,
153
,
180
Soete, Luc 78 –81
South Africa xiii
,
141
South Korea 66
,
137
,
139 –40 148
,
169
,
171
Sotelo Valencia, Adrian 276
Spanish Empire 30
,
32
,
46 –48 191
Stalin, Joseph 14
,
72
,
174
state, semi-peripheral 6
,
38
,
155
state capitalism 278 –79
state intervention 35
,
42
,
65
,
82 –83 127
,
129
,
145
,
148
,
154 –55 165
,
208 –9
Stiglitz, Joseph 135
Strange, Susan 6
,
166
,
184
,
189
structures 1
,
9
,
12 –13 32
,
34 –35 46
,
54
,
72
,
75
,
90
,
98
,
134
,
145
,
163
,
213 –15 293
,
313
subimperialism 261
,
276 –78
super-exploitation 3
,
102 –3 105
,
118 –19 122
,
125
,
135
,
140
,
144
,
146
,
223 –25 227
,
230
,
232 –33 235
,
238
,
241
,
249
,
255
,
257 –58 260
,
262 –68 270 –71 273 –78 283
,
286
,
289
,
300 –304 306
,
315 –16
superprofits 35 –36 49
,
113 –14 121
,
185
,
222
,
291
,
316
superstructure 18
,
22 –23 27
,
35
,
73
,
75
,
133
,
312
surplus 21
,
26 –28 34
,
78
,
98
,
129
,
154
,
177
,
189
,
193
,
201
,
207
,
219 –20
,
232
,
259
,
275
,
294
surpluses
30
,
33
,
35
,
45
,
90
,
94
,
100
,
169
,
181
,
193
,
202
,
210
,
217
,
219 –21
,
225
,
233
,
238
,
241
,
278 –80
,
291 –93
,
298 –99
,
302
,
314
absolute
xxi
,
89
,
270
appropriation of
42
,
147
,
189
,
219
,
224
,
273
extraordinary
xvii
,
87
,
90
,
99
,
104
,
113
,
121 –22
,
147
,
155
,
164 –65
,
222 –24
,
258 –61
,
266
,
271
,
274
,
276
rate of
23
,
87 –90
,
104
,
118
,
190
,
259
,
263
,
265
,
268
,
273 –74
relative
xxi
,
89
,
93
,
105
,
218
,
224
,
232
,
258
,
260
,
262 –63
,
265 –66
,
270 –76
surplus value production, crisis of
23
,
103 –4
,
112
,
121
surplus value transfers
37
,
269
,
273
systemic cycles
7
,
18
,
24
,
35
,
38
,
40
,
43 –46
,
50
,
56
,
59
,
62
,
64
,
68 –71
,
81 –82
,
85 –87
,
102 –3
,
112
,
123
,
153 –54
,
158
,
183 –84
,
190
,
249
,
253
,
313
Taiwan
38
,
66 –67
,
100
,
139 –40
,
169
,
235
Tavares, Maria da Conceição
155
,
190 –91
,
193
,
205
,
242 –44
techno-scientific revolution
x
,
xii
,
xvi
,
xvii
,
xxi
,
xxvi
,
8
,
14
,
22
,
25
,
63
,
90
,
96 –100
,
105
,
113 –119
,
134
,
140
,
141
,
154
,
184
,
235
,
238
,
247
,
249
,
276
,
289 –291
,
307
,
312
,
313
technology, foreign
222 –23
,
259
Thatcher, Margaret
127
Third Way
120
,
128 –30
,
177
,
279
Tocqueville, Alexis de
251
Toyotism
91
,
105 –8
,
110 –13
,
121
Trotsky, Leon
73 –74
Trump, Donald
xiii –xvi
,
131
,
163
,
181
,
183
,
188
unasur
xix –xx
,
280
underdevelopment
171
,
204
,
208 –9
,
211 –14
,
219
,
228
,
230
,
240
,
243 –44
,
264
,
278
use values
37 –39
,
44 –45
,
54
,
90
,
93
,
95
,
150
,
186
,
192
,
226
,
247
,
268
US hegemony
2 –3
,
38
,
40
,
42
,
59
,
61
,
63 –67
,
109
,
111
,
113
,
120
,
128 –29
,
136
,
138
,
151 –55
,
157
,
159
,
161
,
163
,
165
,
167
,
169
,
171
,
173
,
175 –77
,
181
,
183 –85
,
187 –89
,
193 –95
,
237 –38
US troops
109
,
182
,
187 –88
ussr
62
,
66
,
168
,
196
value
22
,
35 –37
,
72 –73
,
75
,
87 –90
,
92 –94
,
98 –100
,
111
,
113
,
117 –19
,
121 –22
,
132 –33
,
139 –40
,
142
,
156
,
164 –65
,
184
,
192 –93
,
221 –23
,
225
,
235 –36
,
238
,
254 –55
,
258
,
260
,
263
,
265
,
267 –69
,
271 –74
,
288
law of
8
,
23 –24
,
42
,
78
,
100
,
124 –25
,
133
,
137 –38
,
142
Venezuela
171
,
185
,
187
,
247
,
280 –81
,
286
,
288
,
303
Vietnam
66
,
68
,
84
,
151
,
172 –73
,
175 –76
,
186
Wallerstein, Immanuel
7
,
10 –11
,
13
,
19 –20
,
22
,
24
,
26 –34
,
37 –42
,
44 –47
,
51
,
60 –61
,
68 –69
,
95
,
111
,
119
,
141 –43
,
145 –46
,
149
,
153
,
179
,
249
,
251 –52
Weber, Max
34
,
45
,
211
,
214 –15
,
261 –62
Weffort Francisco
241
welfare state
42
,
59
,
66
,
69
,
131
,
133
,
160
Westphalia
29 –30
,
33
,
48
,
69
,
174
working day
89
,
95 –96
,
104 –5
,
113
,
258 –59
,
263
,
271
,
274
world system
2
,
8 –9
,
13
,
30
,
34 –36
,
38 –39
,
42
,
44 –45
,
64
,
68
,
70
,
97
,
120
,
123
,
131 –34
,
136 –38
,
147 –49
,
151
,
153 –55
,
169 –71
,
174 –75
,
178 –80
,
197
,
220
,
248 –49
,
253
,
306
,
311 –12
,
314
,
316
world system theories
23
,
70
,
78
,
82
,
158
,
183
,
197
,
206
,
239
,
247 –48
,
312
,
315
Yamada, Toshio
107 –8
Zelaya, Manuel
128
,
288