Abbreviations
Technical Abbreviations and Eras
| b. | ben (son of) |
| BCE | before the Common Era |
| c. | century |
| ca. | circa |
| CE | Common Era |
| ch(s). | chapter(s) |
| cod. | codex |
| d. | died |
| dir. | directed by |
| ed(s). | editor(s), edited by, edition |
| e.g. | exempli gratia, for example |
| esp. | especially |
| etc. | et cetera, and so forth, and the rest |
| fol(s). | folio(s) |
| i.e. | id est, that is |
| MS(S) | manuscript(s) |
| no(s). | number(s) |
| n.p. | no publisher |
| n.s. | new series |
| pt. | part |
| r | recto |
| R. | Rabbi |
| repr. | reprinted |
| ser. | series |
| trans. | translator, translated by |
| v | verso |
| vol. | volume |
Biblical and Other Ancient and Medieval Texts
| 1 Cor | 1 Corinthians |
| 1–2 Kgs | 1–2 Kings |
| 1–3 Macc | 1–3 Maccabees |
| 1QM | Milhamah (War Scroll) |
| 1QS | Serekh ha-Yahad (Manual of Discipline) |
| 1–2 Sam | 1–2 Samuel |
| 4Q255–264a | Serekh ha-Yahada–j, z |
| 5Q11 | Serekh ha-Yahad |
| 11QTa | Temple Scrolla |
| Acts Thom. | Acts of Thomas |
| Ant. | Josephus, Jewish Antiquities |
| Avod. Zar. | Avodah Zarah |
| b. | Babylonian Talmud |
| Barn. | Barnabas |
| B. Bat. | Bava Batra |
| Ber. | Berakhot |
| Bik. | Bikkurim |
| B. Metz. | Bava Metzi’a |
| C. Ap. | Josephus, Contra Apionem |
| CD | Cairo Genizah copy of the Damascus Document |
| Col | Colossians |
| Dan | Daniel |
| Dem. | Aphrahat, Demonstrations |
| Deut | Deuteronomy |
| Dial. | Dialogue with Trypho |
| Did. Apost. | Didascalia Apostolorum |
| Ed. | Eduyyot |
| Ep. | Augustine of Hippo, Epistulae |
| Erub. | Eruvin |
| Exod | Exodus |
| Ezek | Ezekiel |
| Gen | Genesis |
| Gen. Rab. | Genesis Rabbah |
| Git. | Gittin |
| Hab | Habakkuk |
| Hist. | Tacitus, Historiae |
| Hom. | Pseudo-Clement, Homilies |
| Hos | Hosea |
| Hul. | Hullin |
| Hymns Epiph. | Ephrem, Hymns for Epiphany |
| Isa | Isaiah |
| Jer | Jeremiah |
| Jub. | Jubilees |
| Judg | Judges |
| J.W. | Josephus, Jewish War |
| Ker. | Kerithot |
| Lev | Leviticus |
| m. | Mishnah |
| Ma’as. | Ma’aserot |
| Matt | Matthew |
| Meg. | Megillah |
| Menah. | Menahot |
| Mid. | Middot |
| Neh | Nehemiah |
| n.p. | no publisher |
| Num | Numbers |
| par. | parallel |
| Parah | Parah |
| Pesah. | Pesahim |
| Pesiq. Rab. | Pesiqta Rabbati |
| Pesiq. Rab Kah. | Pesiqta de Rab Kahana |
| Phaedr. | Plato, Phaedrus |
| Prob. | Philo, Quod omnis probus liber sit |
| Prov | Proverbs |
| Ps(s) | Psalm(s) |
| Qidd. | Qiddushin |
| Qod. | Qodashim |
| Quaest. conv. | Plutarch, Quaestiones Convivialum libri IX |
| Rec. | Pseudo-Clement, Recognitions |
| Rom | Romans |
| Rosh Hash. | Rosh Hashanah |
| Sanh. | Sanhedrin |
| SH | Judah ben Samuel, Sefer Hasidim |
| Shabb. | Shabbat |
| Sheqal. | Sheqalim |
| Shev. | Shevi’it |
| Sir | Ben Sira (Sirach) |
| Sukkah | Sukkah |
| t. | Tosefta |
| Ta’an. | Ta’anit |
| Ter. | Terumot |
| T. Mos. | Testament of Moses |
| Virg. | Ephrem, On Virginity |
| Wis | Wisdom of Solomon |
| y. | Yerushalmi (Jerusalem Talmud) |
| Yevam. | Yevamot |
| Yoma | Yoma |
| Zech | Zechariah |
Journals, Reference Volumes, Monograph Series, and Editions
| AB | Anchor Bible |
| ActaRom-4° | Skrifter utgivna av Svenska institutet i Rom, Series in 4° (= Acta Instituti Romani Regni Sueciae, Series in 4°) |
| ADPV | Abhandlungen des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins |
| AJEC | Ancient Judaism and Early Christianity |
| AJSR | Association for Jewish Studies Review |
| ALW | Archiv für Liturgiewissenschaft |
| AOr | Antiguo Oriente: Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Historia del Antiguo Oriente |
| ArDB | Arbeitshilfen: Deutsche Bischofskonferenz |
| ASH | Archives de la Société d’Histoire du Canton de Fribourg, n.s. |
| ASSB | Runesson, Anders, Donald D. Binder, and Birger Olsson. The Ancient Synagogue from Its Origins to 200 CE: A Source Book. AJEC 72. Leiden: Brill, 2008. |
| AugL | Mayer, Cornelius Petrus, et al., eds. Augustinus-Lexikon. Basel: Schwabe, 1986–. |
| BAIAS | Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society |
| BetM | Beth Mikra |
| Bib | Biblica |
| BJGS | Bulletin of Judaeo-Greek Studies |
| BJRL | Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester |
| BJS | Brown Judaic Studies |
| BNP | Cancik, Hubert, Francis G. Gentry, Manfred Landfester, Christine F. Salazar, and Helmuth Schneider, eds. Brill’s New Pauly: Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World. 22 vols. Leiden: Brill, 2006–2011. |
| BP | Bibliothèque de la Pléiade |
| BSJS | Brill’s Series in Jewish Studies |
| BSJW | Brandeis Series on Jewish Women |
| BZAW | Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft |
| BZGAK | Basler Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Altertumskunde |
| CCL | Cambridge Companions to Literature |
| CEOED | The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary: Complete Text Reproduced Micrographically. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971. |
| CIJ | Corpus Inscriptionum Judaicarum. Edited by Jean-Baptiste Frey. 2 vols. Rome: Pontifical Biblical Institute, 1936–1952. |
| CJud | Conservative Judaism |
| ConBNT | Coniectanea Biblica: New Testament Series |
| CSCO | Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium |
| CSCO.S | Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium. Scriptores syri |
| CSEL | Corpus scriptorum ecclesiasticorum Latinorum |
| CSSCA | Cambridge Studies in Social and Cultural Anthropology |
| DEL | Rennings, Heinrich, and Martin Klöckener, eds. Dokumente zur Erneuerung der Liturgie. Kevelaer: Butzon & Bercker; Fribourg: Academic Press Fribourg, 1983–. |
| DOP | Dumbarton Oaks Papers |
| DRLAR | Divinations: Rereading Late Ancient Religion |
| EAC | Entretiens sur l’antiquité classique |
| EBot | Economic Botany |
| EC | Early Christianity |
| EJJS | European Journal of Jewish Studies |
| EJL | Early Judaism and Its Literature |
| EL | Ephemerides liturgicae |
| ErIsr | Eretz-Israel |
| FJB | Frankfurter Judaistische Beiträge |
| FMSt | Frühmittelalterliche Studien |
| GCS | Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte |
| GdK | Gottesdienst der Kirche |
| GLAJJ | Stern, Menahem. Greek and Latin Authors on Jews and Judaism. 3 vols. Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, 1974–1984. |
| HAR | Hebrew Annual Review |
| Hesperia | Hesperia: Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens |
| HistE | Historia: Einzelschriften |
| Historia | Historia: Zeitschrift für alte Geschichte |
| HR | History of Religions |
| HTR | Harvard Theological Review |
| HUCA | Hebrew Union College Annual |
| IEJ | Israel Exploration Journal |
| IGMR | Institutio generalis Missalis Romani (The General Instruction of the Roman Missal) |
| INR | Israel Numismatic Research |
| IS | Italia sacra |
| JAAR | Journal of the American Academy of Religion |
| JAJSup | Supplements to Journal of Ancient Judaism |
| JBV | Journal of Beliefs and Values: Studies in Religion and Education |
| JCP | Jewish and Christian Perspectives Series |
| JH | Jewish History |
| JHS | Journal of Hellenic Studies |
| JJS | Journal of Jewish Studies |
| JJTP | Journal of Jewish Thought and Philosophy |
| JMRS | Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies |
| JNES | Journal of Near Eastern Studies |
| JQR | Jewish Quarterly Review |
| JRA | Journal of Roman Archaeology |
| JRAI | Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute |
| JSJ | Journal for the Study of Judaism |
| JSJSup | Journal for the Study of Judaism Supplement Series |
| JSocS | Jewish Social Studies |
| JSQ | Jewish Studies Quarterly |
| JSt | Jewish Studies |
| JU | Judentum und Umwelt |
| KJV | King James Version |
| Lieberman | Lieberman, Saul. Tosefta: According to Codex Vienna, with Variants from Codices Erfurt, Genizah Mss. and Editio Princeps (Venice 1521), Together with References to Parallel Passages in Talmudic Literature and a Brief Commentary. 4 vols. New York Jewish Theological Seminary of America, 1955–1973. |
| LJ | Liturgisches Jahrbuch |
| LQF | Liturgiewissenschaftliche Quellen und Forschungen |
| LSJ | Liddell, Henry George, Robert Scott, and Henry Stuart Jones. A Greek-English Lexicon. 9th ed. with revised supplement. Oxford: Clarendon, 1996. |
| LTK | Kasper, Walter, and Michael Buchberger, eds. Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche. 3rd ed. 14 vols. Freiburg: Herder, 2009. |
| LXX | Septuagint |
| Ma’agarim | Lerer, Dorit, ed. The Academy of the Hebrew Language. Ma’agarim: The Historical Dictionary of the Hebrew Language. http://maagarim.hebrew-academy.org.il/Pages/PMain.aspx. |
| MD | Maison-Dieu |
| MText | Materiale Textkulturen |
| NIV | New International Version |
| NJPS | Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures; The New JPS Translation according to the Traditional Hebrew Text. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1985. |
| OEANE | Eric M. Meyers, ed. Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. 5 vols. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. |
| PAAJR | Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research |
| ParOr | Parole de l’Orient |
| PS | Patrologia syriaca |
| PTRS | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London |
| REJ | Revue des études juives |
| Responsa | Bar Ilan Responsa Project. Responsa Project: The Database for Jewish Studies. Ramat Gan: Bar Ilan University, 1972–. CD-ROM. |
| RICP | Revue de l’Institut Catholique de Paris |
| RPen | Revista El Pensador |
| RVV | Religionsgeschichtliche Versuche und Vorarbeiten |
| SAeth | Scriptores Aethiopici |
| SBBL | Studies in Bibliography and Booklore |
| SBLDS | Society of Biblical Literature Dissertation Series |
| SC | Sources chrétiennes. Paris: Cerf, 1943– |
| SCRK | Studien zur christlichen Religions- und Kulturgeschichte |
| SJ | Studia Judaica |
| SJC | Studien zu Judentum und Christentum |
| SMGH | Schriften der Monumenta Germaniae historica |
| SNTSMS | Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series |
| Soc | Sociology |
| SpicFri | Spicilegium Friburgense |
| STDJ | Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah |
| StHum | Studia humaniora |
| StLi | Studia Liturgica |
| StT | Studi e Testi |
| StTh | Studia Theologica |
| TBN | Themes in Biblical Narrative |
| TCJS | Translations and Collections in Jewish Studies |
| TechC | Technology and Culture |
| Trad | Tradition |
| TSAJ | Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum |
| Tsion | Tsion |
| TSJTSA | Texts and Studies of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America |
| VC | Vigiliae Christianae |
| VCSup | Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae |
| VT | Vetus Testamentum |
| WBC | Word Biblical Commentary |
| Weiss | Weiss, Isaac Hirsch, ed. Sifra on Leviticus. New York: Om, 1947. |
| WM | Wormser Minhagbuch |
| WMS | Wolfenbütteler Mittelalter-Studien |
| Worship | Worship |
| WUNT | Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament |
| YJS | Yale Judaica Series |