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In: Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures

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Abjad numerals / notation 12, 26, 28, 121, 160, 200, 212–214, 227, 232, 252–57, 259, 388, 488–489

al-Abharī, Athīr al‐Dīn al‐Mufaḍḍal ibn ʿUmar ibn al‐Mufaḍḍal al‐Samarqandī 6, 367, 372–405

Abraham, Don 111, 112, 306

Abū al-Ḥasan, Nawāb Khwajā 207

Abū al-Ṣalt al‐Dānī al‐Andalusī 368, 427

al-Ādamī, al-Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad 18, 19, 275

Agra 208, 210, 247, 250

Aix-en-Provence 46

Aldebaran 73, 87, 157, 178, 433, 460, 467

Alexander the Great 317–318

Alexander VI (pope) 46, 48, 50–51, 56–57, 67, 69–71, 86, 101

Alexandria 134, 237, 429

Alfonso X 107, 110–114, 121, 286–91, 305–09, 440–41

Alidade 27–29, 36, 59, 88, 103, 139, 146, 152, 185, 200, 307, 375, 376, 380, 381, 390, 402, 405, 436–37, 472, 486–489

Allahabad 247, 251

Allāhdād (Lāhūrī) 202–204, 206–208, 248–249, 259

Almucantar 60, 74n45, 87, 89, 91–92, 94–96, 99–100, 123, 134, 140, 147–48, 295, 370, 386–90, 402–04

Altitude, of a planet or star 15, 27–28, 36, 53–55, 62–64, 86–97, 99–103, 105, 115–17, 119–120, 124, 139–41, 146–51, 165–66, 170, 182–84, 186, 208–09, 224–26, 253–54, 369–71, 374–76, 380–81, 389, 430, 434, 479–82, 489;

Scale 86, 88–89, 99, 102–103, 170, 186, 369–71, 374–76, 380, 381, 384, 389, 402, 405

al-Andalus 7, 107–08, 112, 121, 155–57, 160–65, 236–37, 263–85, 292, 298, 300, 424, 425n1, 427n2, 429n3, 430n, 437, 438, 439n2

Angle of the earth (= lower midheaven = midnight line) 53, 87, 89, 90–92, 99

Antarctic , see circle, antarctic

Antikythera mechanism 10

Aragon 7, 424–26, 429, 431n3, 440–41, 444–46

Aratus 126, 130, 131, 136

Arc 17, 19, 122, 138, 144, 202, 213, 217, 223, 225, 232, 255, 275, 328–29, 490;

Diurnal 54–55, 59, 92, 93, 122, 370, 374, 419;

Nocturnal 54–55, 59, 92, 122, 370, 374

Archimedes 10, 21

Arctic , see circle, arctic

Aristotle 68, 70, 263, 265–266, 271–72, 276–277, 280, 317, 322n32, 373

Armillary sphere 58, 137, 292, 314, 318, 459

Arnaldus de Manso 444

Ascendant 53, 55, 89–90, 97, 99, 100, 232, 369, 370, 374, 384, 389

Ascension, right 115, 142, 144, 454–55;

Oblique 115, 142–44;

In the Inclined Sphere (of a zodiac sign) 55, 96;

In the Sphaera Recta (of a zodiac sign) 54, 96

Aṣr (Muslim afternoon prayer) 371, 374, 381–382, 390

Astrarium 413, 416

Astrolabe dials 6, 406–09, 415, 418–22

Astrolabe finger ring (= astrolabe ring) 45–48, 50n16, 51, 54, 56–59, 60–61, 67–68, 70–71, 86, 88–89, 94, 96, 99, 101–103, 105

Astrolabes, parts, see individual parts by name

Astrolabes, types:

Andalusi Astrolabes 121, 153, 155–57, 160, 162, 165–66, 169, 266–67, 295, 298, 300, 440,

Catalan Astrolabes 155, 360, 447, 449, 465–69;

Chaucer Astrolabe , see IIC #0291;

Chaucer-type astrolabes 448–449, 454, 459, 463, 466;

English Astrolabes 305, 310–563, 62–63, 447–470;

French Astrolabes 150, 362, 364, 431–32, 440, 445, 454n18, 466;

German Astrolabes 361, 363–65, 445;

Gunther Astrolabe , see IIC #4755;

Italian Astrolabes 50, 151, 154–55, 163, 359–64,

Painswick Astrolabe , see IIC #0299;

Parnel’s Astrolabe , see IIC #0304;

Sloane Astrolabe , see IIC #0290;

Tomba-Koelliker Astrolabe , see IIC #4521;

Tzvi Herz Astrolabe , see IIC #0293

Astrolabes, by collection: Athens, Benaki Museum, ΓΕ 13178 302n33;

Belgium, Private collection , see IIC #4518;

Berlin, Staatsbibliotek #116 , see IIC #0116;

Boston, Museum of Fine Arts, #88654 , see IIC #3053;

Cairo, Museum of Islamic Art, #15368 , see IIC #4164;

Cairo, Museum of Islamic Art#15351 , see IIC #1130;

Cambridge, Gonville and Caius College, ‘Caius B’ , see IIC #0301;

Chicago, Adler Planitarium, M-26 , see IIC #0200 and #0295;

M-39 224n44;

Florence, Museo Galileo, #493 , see IIC #0493;

#1095 448n1, 457;

#1113 , see IIC #0101 ;

#3931 (Tomba-Koelliker) , see IIC #4521;

Frankfurt, Museum für Angewandte Kunst, #3922 , see IIC #3922;

Kassel, Astronomisch-Physikalisches Kabinett, APK A 38 , see IIC #0121;

Istanbul, Bilim ve Teknoloji ve Teknik Müzesi , see IIC #4508;

Kuwait, Islamic Archaeological Museum, #LNS 36M , see IIC #3501;

Liège, Musée de la Vie Wallonne, #400 , see IIC #0457;

London, Greenwich Maritime Museum ,

AST0552 , see IIC #0416;

AST0558 , see IIC #0420;

London, Private Collection, 16n27;

London, Science Museum, 1880-26 (Tzvi Herz) , see IIC #0293;

#1880-32 , see IIL #0198 416n22;

London, British Museum, SLMathInstr.54 (Sloane) 310–356;

IIC #0290;

MLA 1909, 6–17.1 (Chaucer) , see IIC #0291;

London, Society of Antiquaries, #162 , see IIC #0162;

Madrid, Museo Arqueológico Nacional, #50762 , see IIC #0117;

Madrid, Academia Real de la Historia, #136 , see IIC #0136;

Milan, Pinacoteca Ambrosiana, inv. 1006 , see IIC #4754;

Oxford, Museum of the History of Science, #37878 , see IIC #0191;

#40744 , see IIC #0038;

#40833 , see IIC #1087;

#41468 , see IIC #0168;

#47869 (Painswick) , see IIC #0299;

#48213 , see IIC #0005;

#49359 , see IIC #4755;

#54330 , see IIC #0410;

#55331 , see IIC #0118;

Paris, Kugel Collection , see IIC #0546;

Rome, Osservatorio Astronomico, #694 11 , see IIC #1081;

Washington D.C., Smithsonian Museum of American History, #304 (Parnel’s) , see IIC #0304

Astrolabes, by International Instrument Checklist (IIC) number:

#0005 20n43;

#0038 21n46;

#0099 153n15;

#0101 309n46;

#0110 156n32;

#0111 153n15;

#0116 156n32, 438;

#0117 156n32, 162, 164, 298n24;

#0118 156n32, 162, 164, 298n24;

#0121 155–57, 157n34, 160, 162, 64–65, 197;

#0123 (=#1167) 156n32, 162, 164;

#0136 438;

#0158 362;

#0159 362;

#0161 166n61, 359;

#0162 155n30, 360, 431n14;

#0163 364;

#0166 359;

#0167 166n61, 359;

#0168 152n14, 154–155, 167, 184, 184, 363;

#0169 360;

#0170 363;

#0174 364;

#0186 363;

#0190 361;

#0191 149–51, 150–170, 173, 176–81, 183, 185n76, 191–97, 359;

#0192 364;

#0193 364;

#0193B 364;

#0194 364;

#0195 364;

#0196 364;

#0197 365;

#0198 361, 416n22;

#0199 364;

#0200 356, 361;

#0202 361;

#0213 360;

#0238 362;

#0247 363;

#0248 366;

#0249 366;

#0250 366;

#0256 365;

#0290 310–356, 361;

#0291 362, 448n2, 464–465, 468–469;

#0292 361;

#0293 315n14, 349–354, 361, 362;

#0294 361;

#0295 356, 361;

#0296 363;

#0297 363;

#0298 342n80;

#0299 339, 344n90, 359, 363, 448n2, 464–465;

#0300 161, 165, 166–67n62, 359;

#0301 335n68, 342n82, 344, 354, 362;

#0303 359;

#0304 359, 363, 448n2, 464–466, 468;

#0337 364;

#0403 366;

#0407 365;

#0410 154n20, 155, 167, 363;

#0416 155n30, 360, 431n14, 432n16, 438, 439, 449, 465;

#0420 161–62, 359;

#0428 156n32, 359;

#0431 364;

#0441 360;

#0452 365;

#0457 310, 336–7, 340, 342, 344, 345–9, 351–6, 361, 454n18;

#0460 364;

#0461 361;

#0476 364;

#0479 364;

#0492 366;

#0493 360, 431n13;

#0516 365;

#0518 364;

#0530 365;

#0534 365;

#0536 360;

#0539 365;

#0540 366;

#0545 365;

#0546 356, 362;

#0547 361

#0548 360;

#0549 365;

#0550 363;

#0558 165, 359;

#0566 360;

#0567 360;

#0568 364;

#0573 362;

#0576 363;

#0589 359;

#0592 365;

#0601 364;

#0604 366;

#0609 363;

#0620 365;

#0621 360, 362;

#0623 365;

#0625 360;

#0626 360;

#0627 361;

#0633 366;

#0640 365;

#0642 366;

#0643 366;

#0644 366;

#1079 156n32;

#1087 21n47;

#1099 156n32;

#1122 362;

#1130 (=#4023) 16n27;

#1139 156n32, 157n34;

#2006 363;

#2027 361;

#2041 359;

#2042 361;

#2043 361;

#2044 360;

#2062 361;

#2527 156n32, 157n34, 438;

#2572 156n32, 162, 362;

#2575 164;

#3037 359;

#3042 153n15, 155n30, 165n57, 166n61, 359;

#3053 155n30, 161, 163, 360, 425n3;

#3058 361;

#3070 364;

#3080 364;

#3081 365;

#3082 364;

#3083 364;

#3084 364;

#3096 360;

#3114 359;

#3203 361;

#3208 365;

#3501 16n27;

#3622 156n32;

#3906 362;

#3915 362, 438;

#3922 21n44;

#4023 (=#1130) 16n27;

#4024 156n32;

#4164 439;

#4501 366;

#4502 366;

#4504 359;

#4506 360;

#4507 360;

#4508 356, 362;

#4509 362;

#4510 366;

#4511 366;

#4512 363;

#4515 361;

#4516 361;

#4517 361;

#4518 356, 361;

#4520 362;

#4521 363, 448–49, 453–454, 457–459, 463–465, 469;

#4522 363;

#4523 163, 363;

#4524 363;

#4525 364;

#4526 364;

#4527 364;

#4528 365;

#4529 365;

#4556 359;

#4560 155n30;

#4751 361;

#4752 361;

#4753 361;

#4754 356, 362;

#4755 363, 448n2, 464–465, 469;

#4756 363;

#4757 363;

#4758 363

Astrology and astrologers 11, 48, 56–57, 67, 93, 112, 166, 169, 207, 262, 264–66, 269, 275, 283, 285, 287, 296, 314, 317–18, 349, 368–70, 420, 425–26, 431

Astronomical ring (= universal equinoctial ring) 46–47, 50–53, 58–59, 61–65, 67, 101–102

Astronomical ring dial (= ring dial = ring sundial) 53, 58–60

Astronomical clocks, Augsburg 415;

Berne 408;

Bourges 409;

Chartres 409;

Doberan 408, 411, 423;

Frankfurt 413–14;

Lübeck 408;

Lund 408, 410–11;

Lyon 415;

Münster 415, 422;

Olomouc 415;

Prague 409;

Saint-Omer 415, 417;

Stralsund 408;

Strasbourg 413, 415, 418;

Ulm 415;

Villingen 409, 413;

Winterthur 415;

Wismar 409;

Clock

Asṭurlāb-i Fīrūz Shāhī 205

Aungerville, Richard , see Richard de Bury

Aurangzeb 207, 208, 211

Ausonius 67

Avignon 48, 315, 318, 330, 347–9, 353

Azafea 71, 107–14, 302, 305–09;

Azafea Zarqaliyya 109, 114, 205, 213, 307, 309

Azarquiel , see al-Zarqālluh (al-Zarqāl), Abū l-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān

Azimuth 115, 117, 121, 123, 124, 144–45, 152, 166, 168, 183–85, 226, 229, 295, 434;

Circles 123;

Line 54, 56;

Of the Qibla 121, 145, 206, 249

Baghdad 10, 11, 145, 241–242, 249, 275, 275, 420

Bamman, Hans 61n31, 366

Bannockburn (battle) 325

Barcelona 155, 163, 309, 364, 424–30, 436, 439, 44–41

al-Battānī, Jabir ibn Sinan 112, 132

Bayer Greek letter 466

Beausard, Pierre 49, 62–63

Beginning of Aries (= equinoxes) 88–89, 92, 94–96, 270, 314, 450–53

Benares 236

Benedictine 316–7, 319, 340, 343–4, 353, 361

Ben Immanuel Provenzale, Jacob (Bonetus de Latis) 5, 45–50, 53, 56–61, 67, 68, 70, 74, 86, 90, 101–103, 106

Ben Makhir ibn Tibbon, Jacob 71n43

Ben Mordekhai Farissol, Abraham 48

Berliner Goldhut 9

Bernardo el arábigo (the Arabian) 111, 305–6

Bijapur 211, 247, 250

al-Bīrūnī, Abū al‐Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad 13, 16–20, 199, 217, 234, 268, 274, 278–280, 368, 419–23, 471–473, 487, 492

al-Biṭrūjī 268, 274, 278–80

Blanche of Castile 322

Bonetus de Latis or Bonet de Lattes , see Ben Immanuel Provenzale, Jacob

Borgia, Giovanni 46

Borgia, Rodrigo , see Alexander VI (pope)

Bovelles, Charles de 47, 49, 61, 67

Bradwardine, Thomas (Archbishop of Canterbury) 319–20

British Library 49, 316n17, 317nn22–23, 322n3, 330, 341n79

British Museum 5, 58, 166, 310–11, 313, 342–343, 354, 448n2, 464–465

Brut 324

Bull (animal) 180, 218, 241, 332–34, 350, 352

Bulls (papal) 450

Bürgi, Jost Jost, 21

Burgos 111, 288, 307

Burgundian cross , see True-love knot

Burley, Walter 319

Bury (Bury St Edmund’s), Abbey 316–18, 340–1, 352

Caird collection 449, 465

Calibration 213, 217, 230, 370, 380, 386, 388, 390, 402

Callippus 265

Calendars 115, 117, 123, 166, 296, 314, 336–37, 340, 342, 344, 345, 353–55, 409, 412–13, 427, 431, 450–51;

Scale 86, 161, 165–68, 171, 175, 335, 447, 451–453;

Julian 172, 427, 450–52;

Gregorian 2261, 450–51;

Gregorian Reformation of 450–51

Cambridge, University Library 303, 459, 463–464;

Ms. Ii. 3.3 459n31, 460–461, 463–465;

Gonville and Caius College 344;

Astrolabes, Cambridge

Camerarius, Joannes 67

Canterbury, Cathedral 315, 319, 337, 352–3

Capricorn; ring 214;

tail 87, 87n56, 181, 221;

Constellations, Capricorn

Cartesian coordinates 456–457

Cavellat, Guillaume 49

Cardines 115, 370, 374, 384, 385, 386, 387, 402

Carpentras 46

Celestial equator 136–37, 141, 231, 279, 407, 422, 438, 457

Celestial globe 6, 113, 125–133, 135, 136–148, 204, 207–08, 211, 291

Celestial poles 130, 133, 136–37, 407, 419, 457

Ceylon 248

Charles IV (King of France) 315, 317

Chaucer, Geoffrey 326, 342, 362, 447;

Chaucerian Astrolabes 337, 354–56, 447–49, 453–54, 459, 461, 459–466

Cicero 10

Cire perdue 207

Circle, Antarctic 128, 129, 131, 136–138;

Arctic 128, 129, 131, 136–138;

Of Cancer (= summer tropic) 86, 94, 152, 182–85, 226, 231–33, 407, 418, 422;

Of Capricorn (= winter tropic) 94–95, 138, 156, 183, 185, 216, 231, 407, 418–22, 459, 463

Climate 44, 63–64, 94, 133–34, 236, 319, 359–63, 436

Clock 6, 21, 274, 300, 319, 406–432;

Astronomical clocks

Cloverleaf 321, 323–24

Cohen of Montalto, Eliyahu 45, 51n17, 53–57

Cologne 324n36, 325, 363

Collar of Esses 454–55

Colure 129, 130, 135, 143, 323, 466

Conjunction 15, 29, 41, 55, 97, 100, 117, 490

Connery, Sean 3

Constellations 4, 67, 113, 126, 178, 208, 289, 407, 462–66;

Andromeda 219, 223, 464–65;

Aquarius 73, 75, 87, 90–91, 119, 172, 174, 177, 215, 221, 227, 258, 430, 432;

Aquila 352, 389;

Aries 72, 86–97, 100, 119, 172–73, 177, 215, 223, 227, 257, 270, 314, 388, 402, 404, 430–34, 451–53, 465;

Auriga 121, 219;

Cancer;

Canis Major 121, 219;

Canis Minor 121;

Corvus 328, 352, 462–69;

Capricorn 41–42, 60, 72–75, 78–81, 91, 94–97, 119, 138, 172, 174, 177, 215, 227, 257, 389, 402–04, 432;

Cassiopeia 222–23;

Crater 219;

Cygnus 221;

Delphinus 181, 462–63, 469;

Equuleus 463, 465, 469;

Eridanus 219;

Gemini 87, 89–90, 97, 100, 119, 121, 126, 172, 173, 177–178, 215, 219, 227, 258, 389, 430;

Hydra 158, 219, 462–63, 465, 468, 469;

Leo , 73, 75, 82, 83, 87, 90, 99, 100, 119, 121, 158, 172, 173, 177, 179, 215, 219, 227, 257, 430, 432, 433, 454, 460, 462, 467–68;

Libra 88, 90, 94,–95, 119, 172, 174, 176, 215, 227, 258, 388, 402, 404, 430, 432;

Lyra 221;

Ophiuchus 221–22, 486;

Orion 121, 125, 178, 219, 222, 460, 463;

Pegasus 179;

Perseus 121;

Piscis 72, 75, 83;

Piscis Austrinus 121;

Puppis 219;

Sagittarius 73, 75, 87, 90–91, 119, 172, 174, 177, 215, 221–222, 227, 257;

Scorpio 73, 87, 119, 156, 159, 172, 174, 177, 180, 215, 220, 221, 227, 258, 430, 432, 459, 461;

Taurus 72, 86, 119, 168, 172, 173, 177, 190, 215, 227, 257, 320, 389, 430, 432;

Ursa Major 219, 465, 467;

Virgo 90, 99, 119, 172–74, 176–77, 182, 215, 223, 227, 257;

Star Names

Corona regia (corona regis) 321, 323, 325–6, 334, 354

Courtly love 326, 342

Crécy (battle of) 335, 343

Crispinette 332

Cusp (of an astrological house) 90–91

Danti, Egnazio 450

Dār al-Mulk Hind 209–10, 247, 256

Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, Lucknow 236

Dating methods 6, 150, 151, 154, 160–62, 449–457;

First Point of Aries Method 450–53;

Star Coordinates Method 453–57;

Timekeeping

David II (King of Scotland) 325

Decanal stars 126

Declination 10, 54, 58n24–25, 62, 64–66, 78–79, 94–96, 115, 119, 123–24, 138, 229, 370, 374, 380, 457–58, 460–68

De Solla Price, Derek 4n4, 150, 154–55, 160, 162, 170, 313, 358, 451

Dekker, Elly 456–57, 469

Delhi 203, 208–210, 212, 223, 247, 250, 261

Descendant 53, 55, 89

Despenser, Sir Hugh (Snr and Jnr) 315–6, 343, 353

Devanāgarī script 199, 201, 212–13, 227, 232, 249, 253, 255, 258–59

Dhākā Bangālah 236, 247–48, 251

Dhāt al-kursī (Treatise on Celestial Globe, attr. Ptolomy) 127, 132, 139, 141, 145

Digit 13, 28, 38, 42, 69, 118–20, 175, 255–56, 381, 390, 427, 430–31, 482, 4585, 489–90

al-Dīn, Muḥammad Ḍiyāʾ 7, 198, 203–08, 211–13, 217, 223–25, 230, 235, 249, 256, 259

Direct (planet) 55, 57, 101, 117, 123, 254–55;

Retrograde

Dogs (as star pointers) 328

Dodecatemoria (dvādaśāṃśa) 259

Dominical Letters 335

Dondi, Giovanni 415–16

Dragons 3, 4, 6, 13, 19, 31, 220, 324, 328, 330, 335, 459;

Sphere of 13, 19, 29, 30, 35–38, 41, 42, 44

Dryander, Johann 48, 49, 51–52, 63–64

Earl of Chester , see Edward, Prince

Eclipse 4–5, 8–21, 26–27, 30–44; 366, 471–473, 483, 486, 488, 492, 493;

Computer 11–20, 22–43;

Graphical Device for 18–19, 43–44

Ecliptic 62, 101, 115–16, 121, 124, 129, 130, 133–137, 141–145, 147, 173, 176–77, 216, 223–28, 264, 278, 280, 284, 356, 360, 362, 370, 371, 427, 438, 439, 45–54, 456–57, 492 490;

as Zodiac Circle 53–55, 62, 64, 87, 94–95, 97, 100–101;

Ring 156, 176, 214–15, 325, 345, 351, 432, 454, 456, 458–59, 463, 466

Eco, Umberto, The Name of the Rose 3

Edmund of Langley (fifth son of Edward III, 1st Earl of Cambridge) 341, 353

Edward I (King of England) 315, 323–5, 335, 340, 344

Edward II (King of England) 314–6, 318, 323–5, 332, 343, 353

Edward III (King of England) 5, 310, 314–9, 321–5, 330, 332–5, 340–3, 347, 351–4

Edward of Windsor (First son of Edward III, Prince of Wales, Duke of Aquitaine) 5, 310, 314–7, 324, 326, 328–9, 332, 340–2, 349, 354

Edward of Woodstock (Prince of Wales, “the Black Prince”) 341

Eleanor Cross 344

Eleanor of Aquitaine 58n24

EPACT numbers 56, 152, 155n28, 161n44, 165n59, 170, 295n17, 448n2

Eipcycle 266–68, 271, 277–78, 320

Equator 6, 54, 63, 66, 115, 119, 122–24, 128–131, 133–138, 140–143, 147–148, 152, 182–84, 227–229, 230–231, 248, 278–79, 328, 370, 386, 404, 407, 422, 434, 456–57, 467

Equatorial bar 163, 176, 361, 438

Equatorial region 63, 380, 386

Equatorial ring 58n24, 360, 427, 432, 437, 439, 466

Equatorium 20, 113, 272, 363, 366

Equinox 95, 102, 116, 124, 130, 142–45, 161–62, 164, 178, 180, 227, 275, 281–82, 388, 431, 432, 437, 450–53, 466;

Autumnal 143–44, 173, 388;

Vernal 142–44, 161–64, 173, 178, 180, 227, 388, 431, 447, 450–53

Equinoctial circle (or equinoctial line = straight horizon) 54, 66–67, 86, 95–96

Equinoctial hour 54, 59, 62, 92–93

Eudoxus of Cnidus 126, 265, 280

Falcons (and falconry) 209–11, 330, 332–3

al-Fārābī 268

al-Farghānī 10, 419, 421

Fasciculus Morum 326

Feast days , see Saints’ days

Feet 158, 178, 254–56, 382, 390

Fernando de Toledo 305–07

Finé, Oronce 49

First point of Aries (method for dating astrolabes) , see Beginning of Aries; and Dating Methods

Fīrūz Shāh Tughluq, Sulṭān 199, 205

Florence, Museo Galileo , see Astrolabes, Florence

Frisius, Gemma 49, 59, 63, 66

Four-year cycle 450–52

Galen 282–84

Gascony 315

Gaveston, Sir Piers 315, 343

Gazetteer 202–03, 209–210, 224, 226, 228, 234–50

Geminus / Geminos 125–129, 135, 136, 143

Geoffrey of Monmouth 324, 335n76, 342

Gerald of Wales 344

Ghaṭīs (Indian measure equivalent to twenty-four minutes) 230, 233

al-Ghazālī 284

Gnomon 62, 139–40, 147, 254–55

Golconda 247, 250

Gonville and Caius College , see Cambridge

Gothic 150, 163, 176, 325, 362, 365, 427–28, 432

Graphs of the solar meridian altitude 198, 208–9, 224–25n44, 253–54

Gringoire, Pierre 48

Grossetest , see Robert Grosseteste

Gregory XIII (pope) 450;

Inter gravissimas (papal bull) 450

Gunther, Robert W.T. (astrolabe catalogue) 50n16, 150–54, 160, 223, 224n44, 313, 328, 451, 454n16; 464–65, 469

Gutsch, Claus 409, 411n9, 413

Ḥabash al-Ḥāsib al-Marwazī, Ḥabash 10, 18, 132, 420n30

Ḥāmid 204, 206, 249

Handle 401, 403, 404, 437, 446

Heart of Leo 87, 87n56, 99, 100, 158, 179, 218

Heart of Scorpio 87, 87n56, 159, 180, 220

Henry II (King of England) 58n24, 352

Henry III (King of England) 323–24

Henry IV (King of England) 324

Henry VI (King of England) 322, 341

Hesiod 125

Hipparchus 126, 134, 135, 138, 284, 419

Hippocrates 282

Historia Regum Britanniae 324, 335n67

Hollow stick (equivalent to the alidade of an astrolabe) 88, 88n59, 99, 101–103, 105

Holy Roman Emperor 112, 325

Hoopoe 210–11

Horary circle (= hour scale) 91–93, 96–97, 99–100

Horizon 129–131, 133–136, 138, 140–142, 144, 145, 147, 384, 386, 387, 388, 389, 402, 404;

Circle 386, 388, 404;

almucantar, First

Horse 403, 405

Hour 451–52;

Astronomical, 451–52;

Babylonian 451–52;

Civil 452;

Equinoctial 451–52;

Italian 452;

Division 92–93, 96–97, 99;

Horā (Sanskrit) 227, 231;

Planetary Hour (= seasonal hour) 54, 62–63, 87, 87n54, 90, 93, 98, 370, 380, 390, 402;

Scale , see horary circle

Houses 54, 89–90, 115, 223–24, 231–34, 262, 330, 427;

mansions, Lunar

Humāyūn (Mughal ruler) 202, 203, 206, 207

Hundred Years’ War 325

Hyderabad 206–207, 211, 213, 225, 230, 247, 250

Hymanno Gandensi, Francisco 65

Iberian Peninsula 153, 287, 424, 425n1, 430, 437, 438

Ibn ʿAbd Rabbihi al-Ḥafīd 280–81

Ibn Abī Rijāl 112

Ibn al-Ādamī 18n29, 19, 275

Ibn Bājja 265–266, 269–275, 285

Ibn al-Bannā 109

Ibn Bāṣo, Aḥmad ibn Ḥusayn 121, 205, 439n2, 440

Ibn Ezra, Abraham ben Meir 45, 57, 60, 421–22

Ibn Fattūh al-Khamā’iri, Muhammad 298, 307–08, 438

Ibn al-Hāʾim 264

Ibn Ḥasdāy, Abū Jaʿfar Yūsuf 269

Ibn al-Haytham 112, 270–71, 276

Ibn ʿIraq, Abū Naṣr Manṣūr ʿAlī 420n30

Ibn ʿĪsā al-Asṭurlābī, ʿAlī 1, 5, 8, 11–17, 22–38, 145, 203, 208, 211, 223, 248, 365, 368, 471, 473, 477, 483, 492, 493

Ibn Khalaf, ʿAlī 7, 107–24, 205, 264, 302

Ibn Kathīr al-Farghānī, Muḥammad 10, 419, 421

Ibn Khallikān, Shams al-Dīn Abū Al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad Ibn Muḥammad 373

Ibn Labbān, Kūshyār 6, 367–69, 392

Ibn Moshe, Yehuda 112

Ibn Rushd 265–266, 274–278, 280–281, 285

Ibn Saʿid al-Sahlī, Ibrāhīm 155–56, 162–64, 197, 298

Ibn al‐Ṣaffār al‐Andalusī 368

Ibn al-Samḥ al‐Gharnāṭī, Asbag b. Muhammad 122, 292–93, 368

Ibn Ṭufayl 280–285

Ibn Wāfid 264

Ibn al-Zarqālluh , see al-Zarqālluh (al-Zarqāl)

Ibn Zuhr, Abū Marwān 274n39, 281–83

IIC , see Astrolabes, by International Instrument Checklist (IIC) number

Indo-Persian astrolabes 199

Inḥirāf (arc of deviation) 202, 235, 248, 249

Isabella of France (Queen of England) 314–8, 322, 325, 330, 332, 340, 353–4

Iraq 239, 241, 298, 420

Israel quadrant (= quadrant of Israel = quadrans novus = azafea) 71, 86

Al-Istījī, Abū Marwān 269

ʿItiqād Khān, Nawāb 207

Jacobus de Voragine 336

Jai Singh, Observatory 205, 230, 256, 259

Jamāl al-Dīn 204, 206, 248

Jaunpur 207, 236, 247, 251

Joannes Philoponus 10, 135, 138, 139, 142, 143

Johannes Regiomontanus 49, 357, 365–66, 450, 452

John Blagrave 302–305

John de Stratford (Bishop of Winchester, Archbishop of Canterbury) 315, 353–54

John II (King of France) 325

John Lydgate 341

John of Bridlington 332

John of Cremona 112

John of Gaunt (second son of Edward III) 344

John of London 157, 166, 314, 361, 459, 469

John of Messina 112

John Somer 337, 353n106

John XXII (pope) 349

Julius II (pope) 46, 56n22

Kalendaria (Kalendarium) 335n68, 336–7, 342, 353n106

al-Kāshī, Ghiyāth al-Dīn 20

al-Kātibī al-Qazwīnī, Najm al-Din ‘Alī Dabīrān-I 373

Kepier Hospital, Durham 343

Khalili astrolabe 200–03, 205, 208, 212, 224, 249, 252–55

al-Khamāʾirī, Muḥammad ibn Fattūh 298, 307–08, 438

Khaṭṭ niṣf al-nahār (line of midday) 208, 254

Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Public Library, Patna 224

Khuṭba (sermon) 211

al-Khwārizmī, Muḥammad ibn Mūsā 10, 145, 368

King Arthur 317, 324–5;

Round Table

King’s crown , see Corona regia

King, David A. 150–51, 169, 199–200, 202–203, 206, 234, 262, 292, 298, 303, 438–39, 465;

“King’s Numbers” 448n1

Knossos 9

Koelliker, Luigi 457

Kramajyā (sinus) 255

Kufah 249, 251

Kunitzsch, Paul (star tables) 7, 169, 313–14, 459, 461–462

Lahore 7, 198–199, 202–213, 216, 223, 230, 246, 250, 254, 259, 262;

Astrolabes 202, 205, 209, 213, 223, 230;

Family of Astrolabe Makers 202–203, 205–206, 208, 211–212, 216, 230, 248, 254, 259;

School [of astrolabes] 202

Lámina universal 107, 108, 109, 113, 114, 115, 117, 119, 121, 122

Lancaster, House of 454

Larende (Karaman in Turkey) 397

Latitude 11, 17, 19, 21, 42–44, 55–58, 60, 62, 95–96, 100, 109, 115, 123–124, 129–131, 133–34, 136–138, 140–142, 144, 146, 147, 151–53, 157, 165, 182–84, 200, 202, 206–10, 223–36, 248–49, 254, 256, 298, 319, 329, 346, 349, 350, 359–60, 363, 365, 370, 374, 380, 387, 389–90, 402, 421, 427–29, 434–37, 490;

Plate 57, 60, 86n49, 94, 96, 102–103, 105, 136, 138–142, 144, 145, 147, 200, 202, 205–210, 213, 223–234, 236, 248, 254, 256, 298, 319, 329, 346, 350, 363, 365, 389–90, 435–37, 471–473, 483, 484, 486–488, 490–493;

Terrestrial 370, 374, 380, 387, 389, 390, 402;

Āfāqīya 229

Lattes 46

Lefèvre d’Étaples, Jacques 47–48

Leo X (pope) 46, 47, 56n22

Leontius 130, 131, 136

Leopards (heraldic lions) 328, 332–5

Libros del saber de astrología , see Alfonso X

Liège, Musée de la Vie Wallonne 314, 347–48, 355, 358, 361, 454n18

Limb 12, 26–27, 30, 35, 37, 41–42, 102, 152, 213, 252, 345, 427, 472, 477–78, 483–84, 488, 490

Lincoln, Cathedral in 344

Lionel of Antwerp (third son of Edward III, Duke of Clarence) 347

Liripipe (and hood) 332

Longitude 54, 57, 115, 117, 123, 130, 157, 161, 202, 210, 227–228, 234, 236, 248, 265, 270, 278, 427–30, 453–55

London, Science Museum 5, 310, 315, 345, 351; (

Tsevi Herz astrolabe

);

National Maritime Museum of Greenwich 358, 439, 449, 465;

Lundoniarum (London, Londinium) 329

Louis IX (King of France) 322

Lower midheaven , see Angle of the earth

Luttrell Psalter 326

Maddison, Francis 200, 206, 235, 240, 262

al-Maghrib 122, 226, 227, 237, 362, 439;

al-Mashriq

Magi (Three Kings) 325

Mahendra Sūri 199, 205, 222, 254

al-Maʾmūn (caliph) 11

al-Maʾmūn ibn dhī l-Nūn 274

Mansions, lunar 87, 87n57, 97, 115, 165, 167, 173, 214–16, 259–60, 427, 431, 446

Manuscripts: Arras, Bibliothèque Municipale, MS 688 (748) 59;

Cairo Dār al-Kutub, MS Zakī 706, 16n22, 24;

MS K 3824 139n33, 471, 472, 485n3, 486nn4–5, 490n11; 492n16, n18;

MS Fādil mīqāt 158m 394;

MS Mīqāt Ṭalʿat 189 141n35, 145n39;

MS Mīqātqat 895/2 395;

MS Taymur riyada 165/3 398;

Azhar, MS falak 50 , 395;

Cambridge, University Library, MS Dd.3.53 466n39;

MS Ii. 3.3 459n31, 460;

Corpus Christi, MS 37 342n82;

Dublin, Chester Beatty Library, MS Ar. 5254 393, 396n47;

Istanbul, Topkapı Saray Kütüphanesi, MS Ahmet III 3505 141n35, 145n40;

MS Ahmet III 3509 11n16, 132n16, 471, 472, 485n3, 491n13, 492n15;

Ayasofya MS 2671 369nn4–5, 379, 383, 385, 389, 391, 396, 398;

Ayasofya MS 2672 369nn4–5, 379, 383, 385, 389, 392, 396, 398;

Carullah MS 1468 396–97;

Selim Aga, MS 730 393;

Yeni Cami MS 784 369nn4–5, 379, 383, 385, 389, 391, 396, 398;

Leiden, UB, MS Or. 123b 487n7;

MS Or. 168 18n30, 217n39;

London, British Library, Arundel MS 377 421;

Cotton MS Nero D VII 316n16;

Cotton MS Galba E XIV 317n22;

Cotton MS Vesp. A II 13 421;

Harley MS 2255 341;

Harley MS 2278 341n79;

Harley MS 2332 353n106;

Hargrave MS 274 323n35;

MS Add. 47680 317n23, 318, 322n32, 331;

MS Add. 7490/11 395;

MS Add. 16434 432n16;

MS DEL AR 1665/b 395;

MS Royal 12.A.XXV 50n15;

Madrid, Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla;

Madrid, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, MS. Villaamil 156 114, 116, 118, 286, 287n2, 289n6, 292n16, 293, 294, 296–305, 307n43, 308, 309n46;

Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional de España, MS. 3306 305;

Moscow, Russian State Library, MS Günzburg 937 57n23;

Mumbay, Mulla Firuz Library, MS 86 16n25, 394;

New York, Morgan Library and Museum, MS M.240 322n34;

Oxford, Bodleian MS Ashmole 1443 325n42;

MS Christ Church 92 321n32, 322n33, 323, 324, 326n46, 327, 330n54, n56, 331;

MS Hargrave 274 323n35;

MS Laud Misc. 674 346;

MS Pococke 206 270nn20–21, 272n31, 273;

MS Rawlinson D. 913 466n39;

Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE A-408 308n44;

MS 1030 51n17;

MS Hébreu 1047 51n17, 53n21,

MS Lat. 7412 296n21;

MS Française 2863 333;

MS arabe 2487 369nn4–5, 379, 383, 385, 389, 392, 395, 396, 398;

MS arabe 2544 373–74n18, 374n19, 379, 383, 385, 389, 396, 398;

MS arabe 5098 487n7;

MS arabe 5972 393;

Princeton, Princeton University Library, MS Yehuda 1168 394;

QOM, Mashhad Astan Quds, MS 5529 393;

MS Hayat 520/2 394;

MS Hayat 700/2 398;

Mar‘ashī MS 4060/1 398;

Mashhad Shaykh Alī Haydar MS 77/32 395;

Salisbury, Cathedral Library, MS 148 353n106;

Seville, Biblioteca Capitular y Colombina, MS 5-2-23 442–43;

Tehran, Tehran University, MS 2092 393;

MS 8412/1 394;

Malik MS 2242 394;

Malik MS 3455 394, 396n46;

Nasiri Private Library 394;

Majlis shurā MS 3281 395;

Millī MS arabī 1171 398;

Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, MS Fragmentum Vat. 318 126n7;

MS 8174 , 306n40;

Villingen-Schwenningen, Municipal Archive, MS GG 4a 413

Maqṣūd Hirawī, Mawlānā 202–3

Maragha 240, 249, 251

Marburg 48–49

al-Marrākushī 19

al-Mashriq 226, 227;

al-Maghrib

Mathematical Jewel 303

Mater 12, 21, 138–39, 144, 151–55, 170–71, 176, 182, 184–90, 200, 202–03, 205, 209, 225, 234–35, 248–49, 272, 329, 350, 356, 359, 360, 366, 375, 401, 402, 404, 427, 430, 437

Matthew Paris 344

Maudith, John 319–20

Mecca 202, 234, 236, 238, 249, 251, 429, 425, 446

Medici, Giovanni de 46

Medina 238, 247, 249, 251, 446

Meridian 53–55, 58–59, 62, 64–66, 79–80, 83, 87, 90–91, 96, 101, 109, 115, 119, 122, 123–24, 129–131, 133, 135, 138, 140, 142, 143, 147, 148, 202, 208–09, 217, 224, 226, 231, 248, 253, 307, 271, 375, 380 , 384–87, 402, 404, 429–30;

Line 60, 62, 64–66, 96, 101, 119, 217, 226, 371, 375, 380, 384–87, 402, 404

Merlin 324, 335n67

Metallurgy 151–52, 317n22, 349, 355

Michel, Henry 345, 420, 451–54

Midday 28, 36, 60, 62, 146, 254, 370, 376, 381, 486, 489

Midheaven 87, 89, 909–95, 99, 385, 402, line, see meridian

Midnight line , see Angle of the earth

Milemete Treatise 5, 310, 321–24, 326–28, 330–31;

Manuscripts, Oxford, MS Christ Church 92

Minoan 9

Mirror of princes 317, 322;

Secretum secretorum

Mithrob, Burchard 49, 64, 66

Mīzān al-cankabūt (plate for measure on the rete) 228

Montpellier 46, 362, 425

Mortimer, Sir Roger 315–8, 332, 349, 353–4

Mosul 239, 249, 251

Muḥammad ʿĀdil Shāh (Sultan of Bijapur) 211

Muḥammad Muqīm 204, 206, 208, 230, 248

Mungher 247, 251

Musée de la Vie Wallonne, Liège , see Liège, Musée de la Vie Wallonne; Astrolabes, Liège

Museo Galileo, Institute and Museum of the History of Science, Florence , see Astrolabes, Florence

Nadir 51, 74n45, 75, 89–91, 121, 124, 135, 144

Najm al-Dīn 58, 373

Nasser D. Khalili Collection of Islamic Art 200–201, 208–210, 214–215, 224, 228–235, 250, 252–255, 258, 261–262

Nasṭūlus al-Asṭurlābī, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad 8, 16–17, 43, 471–73

Nativities 55, 117, 371, 374

Navāṃśa (ninths of a sign) 259

Nayanānanda 212, 222, 227, 248, 249, 259, 261, 262

Nicholas of Lynn 337, 353n106

Nicholas Copernicus 450

Night-arc , see Arc, nocturnal

Noble (“double leopard” coin) 334

Northamptonshire 454

Nottingham Castle 316

Nūr Jahān Begum 207

Order of the Garter 325, 343

Orwell (river and town) 316, 340

Oxford 20–21, 151n13, 156n32, 165n59, 166n62, 168n65, 184, 317, 319, 343, 352–53, 362–63, 464;

“Calculators” 319–20;

Durham College 317, 319, 343;

Merton College 319, 358

Museum for the History of Science 1–2, 21, 149–50, 152nn13–14, 154, 169, 204, 207, 224, 248, 344n90, 350, 464;

Trinity College 317

Papal Court (Avignon or Rome) 315, 330, 348

Paramadina (the length of the longest day in a latitude) 250–51

Paris 20, 48, 49, 68n35, 150–55, 165, 167, 183, 185, 314–15, 317, 319, 329, 332, 353, 355, 361, 363, 429, 434–36, 459

Paris quadrifolia (herb paris) 325–26

Patna 207, 224, 247, 251

Peter IV of Aragon 424–26, 429, 441, 444

Peterborough Psalter 326

Petrach 318

Petrus Philomena 20

Petrus Raimundi 6–7, 155n30, 161, 163, 424, 425–29, 433, 434, 436, 437, 439–46

Philippa of Hainault (Queen of England) 316, 326, 329–30, 332, 342, 349, 354

Philobiblon 319–20

Pin 60, 88, 151, 164, 168, 182, 200, 213, 403, 405, 437, 472

Pinnule , see Sighting vanes

Pisa 46

Planispheric astrolabes 6, 45–46, 49n11, 50, 53–57, 59–61, 67–68, 71, 86, 96, 97n70, 102, 106, 122, 136, 148, 291–97, 299–301, 419, 425, 447–70;

Astrolabes; Dating methods

Plantagenets 341

Plate , see Latitude, Plate

Poitiers (battle of) 325, 343

Poulle, Emmanuel 451

Precession (of the equinoxes) 130, 131, 138, 141, 275, 279–80, 285, 314, 447, 453–458, 469

Prime Meridian 124, 248, 429–30

Pseudo-Messahalla 447, 459, 460–464, 466–69;

star table 447, 459, 460–464, 466–469;

Cambridge, University Library

Ptolemy, Claudius 10, 112,115, 125, 126, 130–135, 137–140, 263, 266–72, 274, 276–78, 280, 285, 291–92, 295, 300, 313, 319–20, 452;

Almagest , 10, 130–31, 134n20, 135, 138, 268, 272, 274, 276, 452;

Dhāt al-kursī (attributed to)

al-Qabīṣī 11, 370

Qāʾim Muḥammad 203–04, 207, 223, 248

Qibla indicator , see Azimuth, of the Qibla

Quadrant 12, 26–27, 35–37, 71, 86, 112, 117, 139, 140–141, 145–47, 166–67, 170, 175–76, 185–87, 208, 213, 224–25, 228–29, 233, 252–54, 261, 296, 307, 317–8, 363, 402, 430–31, 477, 479, 488–90

Quatrefoil 5, 314, 321–3, 325–6, 334, 340, 342, 345, 351, 354–6, 360, 361, 362, 366, 466, 469

Qusṭā ibn Lūqā 132, 139, 141, 145

Rabelais, François 48

Rabiçag / Ibn Sid, Isaac 110, 112, 114, 291–92, 302

Rayy 242, 390

Regiomontanus, Johannes 49, 365–66, 450, 452

Remigius de Hethersete 344

Remigius de Fécamp (Bishop of Lincoln) 344

Rete 4, 6, 12–13, 20, 27, 29–31, 35–38, 60, 87–92, 94, 96, 97, 99–100, 109, 119, 121, 124, 136, 138, 143, 144, 147, 150–52, 154–57, 161–69, 176–78, 180, 182, 185–86, 189–90, 200, 202, 204–205, 207, 209, 211, 213–218, 220, 222–224, 228, 231–233, 259–61, 292, 295, 298–302, 304–307, 310, 316, 321, 326, 328–29, 342, 345, 350–51, 354, 356, 359–64, 366, 388, 401–05, 416, 420, 423, 427–28, 432–34, 437–41, 445, 449, 453–458, 465–66, 469, 472, 484–486, 490–492;

Y-Form 316, 340, 342, 354, 356

Retrograde (planet) 55, 57, 101, 117, 124;

Direct

Revolution, of natal chart 55, 97;

Of the World (i.e. the profectio of the chart of the year) 55, 80–81, 97, 148, 256, 276, 279

Reuchlin, Johann 47

Rhodes 129, 133, 134

Richard de Bury 5, 310, 314, 316, 319–320, 332, 335, 340, 343–344, 348–49, 352, 354

Richard II (King of England) 323, 341

Richard of Wallingford 20, 319, 413

Rim , 12–13, 17, 19, 29, 36, 38, 87, 144, 165n57, 166–68, 170–71, 213–14, 233, 252, 256, 259, 401, 403–04, 425, 427, 428–29, 436–40, 442, 446, 486, 490, 492

Ring dial (= ring sundial) 58, 58n24, 59, 60

al-Riqutī al-Mursī, Muḥammad 111

Rising 55, 124, 133, 145,

Amplitude 115, 122;

Degree 89, 90n64, 140, 142–43, 147;

Lunar 37, 117, 489;

Solar 380;

Times 134–35, 143, 256, 370, 371, 374

Robert Grosseteste (bishop of Lincoln) 344

Rome 10, 46–48, 57, 61n32, 67, 95–96, 239, 330, 359, 361, 363

Round Table 325, 343

Ruler (instrument) 20, 88n61, 103, 151, 164, 185–86, 217, 405, 436–37

Ruler (planet) of the hour 55–57, 93, 98

Sacrobosco, Johannes 48, 68

Ṣafīha , see plate

St Andrew’s Church (Spratton, Northamptonshire) 454

Saints, days 5, 335–44;

by name: St Andreas 339, 352;

St Augustine of Canterbury 337, 338;

St Benedict 338, 343;

St Boniface 338, 353;

St Botolph of Iken 316, 338;

St Cecilia 338, 342;

St Cuthbert , 337, 340;

St Dunstan 337, 338;

St Edmund 316, 326, 339, 340–2, 354;

St Egidius , see St Giles;

St Felicite 353;

St Frideswide 339, 352;

St George 340–41, 354;

St Giles , 339, 343;

St Hilary (Hilarius) 338, 343;

St Hugh of Lincoln 344;

St John 352;

St John Bosco 342;

St Martin of Tours 339, 344, 352;

St Perpetua 338, 353;

St Petrus ad Vincul 338, 352;

St Remigius 339, 344, 352;

St Swithun 338, 352;

St Thomas Becket 337, 339, 345, 352–3;

St Tiburtius 338, 342;

St Valentine 326n43, 338, 342;

St Valerianus 338, 342

Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī 7, 107,108, 263–264, 266, 268–69, 275, 284

al-Ṣaidalānī, ʿAlī b. Khalaf 205

Salar Jung Museum, Hyderabad 206–207, 213, 225, 230

al‐Samarqandī, Shams al‐Dīn Muḥammad ibn Ashraf al‐Ḥusaynī 372–73

Sanskrit 7, 198–201, 212, 215–16, 218–23, 225, 227–29, 231–33, 248–62

Sarandīb 245, 248

Savage-Smith, Emilie 200, 206–208, 216, 235, 249, 262

Savoy Palace 317

Schnitzler, Johann 413

Seasonal hour , see Planetary hour

Secretum Secretorum 5, 310, 317–8, 322n32, 330–31;

Manuscripts, London, British Library, MS Add. 47680

Severus Sebokht 135, 138

Seville 280, 306–08, 438, 442, 442n3

Shadow 116, 118, 119, 139, 140, 146, 147, 254–56, 371, 381, 382, 384, 390, 402, 486–89;

Extended 124;

Of the [Gnomon] of Twelve Digits (dvādaśāṃgulachāyā) 255;

Reversed 124;

Square 118, 333, 335

Shāh Jahān 7, 198, 203, 207–212, 223

Shāhjahānābād 208–209, 210, 213, 247

Shiraz 241, 249, 251

Sibdat, Abraham de (= Moses ben Abraham de Çivdad) 51n17

Sighting vanes 28, 36, 88n59, 99n72, 103, 123, 185, 375, 376, 402, 405, 482

Simon de Phares 48

Simplicius 280

Sine 112, 146

“Six Kings” prophesy 323, 324nn36–38, 328, 332, 335

al-Sijzī, Abū Saʿīd Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Jalīl 18, 205, 217, 419, 421

Sloane astrolabe , see Astrolabes, type

Sloane, Sir Hans 310

Smithsonian National Museum of American History, Washington DC 359, 448n2, 464

Solar-year cycle 450–53

Solstice 94–95, 116, 124, 130, 142–144, 173, 253

Sphaera recta 54, 96, 134

Spherical astrolabe 113, 122, 291–94, 300, 302

Spider , see Rete

Spratton (Northamptonshire) 454

Sri Lanka 246, 248, 250

St Albans Abbey 316, 317, 319, 413

Star pointers 4, 109, 119, 150, 156–57, 163, 177, 204, 207, 216, 292–93, 300, 302, 313, 321, 326, 328, 345, 348, 351–52, 380, 389, 402, 403, 432, 439, 440, 447, 456, 458, 462–463, 466;

Zoomorphic 310, 313, 326, 328n49, 345, 351, 352n105, 359, 361, 363, 466

Star coordinates 447, 453–465, 468;

Ecliptic Coordinates 134–35, 223–28, 456–457;

Equatorial Coordinates 119, 124, 456–457;

Mediation 178, 454–455, 457–458, 463–464, 466–469;

Right-Ascension 454–455;

Dating

Star data 447–69

Star names 432, 433, 447, 453–467;

Achernar (α Eri) 433, 461;

Akrab (β Sco) 462;

Alcimiek , see Spica; Alhabor , see Sirius ;

Algorab (δ Crv) 462, 465, 468;

Alphard (α Hya) 462, 468;

Alpheratz (α And) 464, 466–67;

Baten Kaitos (χ Cet and ζ Cet) 461;

Corvus 462–463, 465, 468–469;

Delphinus 462–463, 465, 468–469;

Deneb Algedi (δ Cap) 462;

Deneb Kaitos (β Cet) 462;

Regulus or Cor Leonis (α Leonis) 454;

Scheat (β Peg) 464, 468;

Sirius (α Canis Majoris) 454;

Spica (α Virginis) 454;

Constellations

Star tables 157, 166, 216, 300, 447, 457–469; Pseudo-Messahalla star table, 447

Stereographic projection 10, 109, 125, 133, 136, 137, 148, 227, 329, 355, 406, 409–10, 419, 422, 434, 445, 458

Stonehenge 9

Stonyhurst College Library, Clitheroe, Lancashire, UK 207

al‐Ṣūfī, Abū al‐Ḥusayn ʿAbd al‐Raḥmān ibn ʿUmar 19, 113, 132, 139, 141, 142, 145, 146, 289, 368, 487;

Sulṭān 199, 205, 211

Suspension 13, 26, 27, 29, 35–36, 209, 213, 477, 483, 485, 490

Swinford, Sir John 454

Synesius (of Cyrene) 134, 135, 137

Tetragrammaton 69–70

Thales of Miletus 9

Theon 10, 275

Thomas Aquinas 353

Thomas of Walsingham 316

Throne (Kursī) 102, 161, 163, 165, 171, 176, 204, 209–11, 213, 330, 345, 349, 386, 404, 427, 436–37, 440–41, 445

Time Museum, Rockford, IL, USA 204, 206, 359, 363

Timekeeping 15, 59, 62, 63, 67, 92, 100, 115, 117, 126, 137, 145–48, 406, 424, 451, 454, 456,

French Method 54, 91;

Italian Method 91;

Dating methods

“Three crowns” prophesy 324n36, 325–6, 341

Thule 319, 363

Toledo 7, 107–08, 162, 164, 263–64, 274, 280, 283, 298, 305, 307, 363, 436

Torode, Roland 455–58

Torque 332

Torrellas, Gaspar 56n22

Tower of London 315, 328

Transfer of years 371, 374, 380;

Years

Trefoil , 361–62

Trigonometric quadrant 118, 252–53, 255n59, 307

Trinity 325

Tropic , see Circle

True-love knot 325–26

Tzvi Herz (“Ẓvi Herẓ”) astrolabe 315n14, 349, 351, 355; see Astrolabes, London

Turner, Anthony 204, 206, 224

Twilight line (i.e. morning or evening twilight lines) 54, 57, 117, 121

Tympan , see Latitude, Plate

Ujjain 247–248, 250

Ulugh Beg 236

Universal equinoctial ring , see astronomical ring

Universal plate , see Latitude, Plate

Universal astrolabe 205, 207, 302–07

Upper midheaven line , see Meridian

Ustād (Ustādh, master craftsman) 203

ʿUṭārid ibn Muḥammad al-Ḥāsib 19

Valencia 155, 162–64, 197, 425n2, 426n1, 429, 434, 436, 465

Venice 48

Vernal equinox , see Equinox, Vernal

Victoria and Albert Museum, London 205, 358

Walsingham, Thomas 316

Walter de Elveden 335n68, 337, 342, 353n106

Walter de Milemete (King’s clerk) , see Milemete Treatise

Ward, Francis A.B., Ward numbers 416, 448n2;

“Ward’s Numbers” 166n61, 448n2

Water Meridian 429, 430

William of Baskerville (character) 3

William of Hainault (Count) 316

William of Worchester 346

Wilton diptych 341

Winchester Cathedral 315, 324, 343, 352–3

X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) 151–52n13, 437

Y-form rete , see Rete, Y-form

Yantrarāja 198, 199, 222, 254, 261

Years 55, 97, 207, 371, 374, 380, 450–52, 454, 456;

Bissextile 450–52;

Gregorian 450–51;

Julian 172, 427n8, 450–51;

Of 365.2422 Days 450;

Of 365.2424 Days 450;

Of 365.2500 Days 450;

Tropical 249, 256–57, 450–51;

Transfer of Years

al-Zarqāl, Abū l-Qāsim ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān 274 (Cf. al-Zarqālluh)

al-Zarqālluh (al-Zarqālī), Ibrāhīm ibn Yahyā al-Andalusī 7, 71n43, 107–09, 111, 114, 205, 263–267, 269–78, 283–285, 306n41, 307

Zarqālī universal astrolabe 207, 307

Zawraqī horizons 205, 209, 217, 223–226, 231, 262

Zenith 64, 66, 73, 79, 87, 95–96, 124, 135, 140, 144, 202, 226, 228, 388,

Zodiac 4, 17, 42, 53–55, 58–60, 64–66, 73–78, 80, 82–83, 86–92, 94–97, 99–100, 115, 117, 123–24, 131, 134, 136–37, 147, 166–68, 171–72, 176–77, 182, 186, 214–15, 217, 222–23, 227, 253–54, 259, 276, 296, 320, 360, 370, 374, 384, 402, 404, 419, 422n42, 427, 430, 432, 457, 462, 466–67;

Wheel , see rete

Zoomorphic star pointers , see Star Pointers, Zoomorphic

al-Zuhrī 274n39

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Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004387867

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 18 Dec 2018

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Astrolabes in Medieval Cultures

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