Index of Names
Abraham, David 245
,
303
,
304
Adorno, Theodor W. 268
Althusser, Louis 231
,
253
Anderson, Phillip 156
,
332
,
334
Appadurai, Arjun 155
,
164
Aristotle 19
,
30
,
31
Arthur, Brian 52
,
105
,
276
,
334
,
335
Bacon, Francis 19
,
306
,
307
Bastide, Roger 268
Beck, Ulrich 255
,
275
Beckett, Samuel 220
Benedict xvi, Pope 147
Bicchieri, Christina 77
,
78
,
80
Blair, Tony 265
,
267
Boltzmann, Ludwig 331
Borogan, Irina 194
,
207
Bourdieu, Pierre 253
,
266
Bowen, William 316
,
344
Brand, Russell 192
,
205
Brecht, Berthold 198
Brighouse, Harry 170 –173 177
,
179
,
180 –182
Bronkhurst, Johannes 121
Brusco, Elizabeth 146
Burke, Peter 19
,
26
Callicles 30
Calvino, Italo 187
,
204
Camus, Albert 272
Castells, Manuel 262
,
270
Centola, Damon 62
,
63
Clinton, Bill 267
Cohen, Stanley 171
,
173
Coleman, James S. 60
,
290
Collier, Paul 319
Collins, Randall 10
Comte, Auguste 73
Confucius 2
Crozier, Michel 256
,
276
Cueto, Marcus 240
Currie, Cameron 20
Dahl, Robert 166 –169 171
,
173
Darius 29
Darwin, Charles 220
Dehaene, Stanislaw 213
Descartes, René 213
Dewey, John 37
Diamond, Jared 32
Dorigo, Marco 25
,
26
Dostoyevsky, Fyodor 272
Dumit, Joe 244
,
245
Durkheim, Émile 3
,
33
,
34
,
60
,
71
,
73
,
74
,
76 –78 82
,
251
,
252
,
265
,
273
Einstein, Albert 220
,
328
Eisenstadt, Shmuel N. ii
,
iii
,
12
,
13
Elias, Norbert 268
Elkana, Yehuda ii
,
iii
,
xi
,
6
,
13
,
231
,
232
,
234
Elster, Jon 58
,
69
,
70
,
71
Engels, Friedrich 32
Epstein, Brian 71
,
72
Epstein, Joshua 64
Erdoğan, Recep Tayyip 201
,
202
Faust, Drew 328
Faybisovich, Ilya 194
Feynman, Richard 217
Fleurbaey, Marc 170
,
172
,
173
,
175
,
177
,
179 –181
Flexner, Abraham 218
,
284
,
288
,
303
,
304
Foucault, Michel 177
,
231
,
253
,
260
Frazer, James 233
Freud, Sigmund 36
,
236
,
237
Friedberg, Ehrard 256
,
276
Fukuyama, Francis 193
,
194
,
199
,
205
Gadamer, Hans-Georg 32
,
43
,
44
Galilei, Galileo 31
Gaulle, Charles de 201
Gellner, Ernest 313
Gerrets, René 240
Gibbs, Willard 331
Goodin, Robert E. 166
,
171
,
174
,
175
,
181
,
182
Gouldner, Alwin G. 253
,
276
Gramsci, Antonio 250
,
266
Greenblatt, Stephen 328
Greene, Jeremey 242
Guha, Ranajit 250
Head, Jonathan 198
,
205
Hedström, Peter 70
,
71
,
82
Herodotus 29
Hiltebeitel, Alf 119
,
121
,
129
,
140
Hirschman, Albert O. 194
,
205
,
337
Hobbes, Thomas 31
,
32
Hollande, Francois 190
,
267
Holmes, Stephen 189
,
191
,
197
,
205
Hoyle, Fred 220
Humboldt, Alexander von 282
,
315
Humboldt, Wilhelm von 281
,
315
Huntington, Samuel 212
Husserl, Edmund 43
Huxley, Aldous 35
Hägerstrand, Torsten 10
Inglehart, Ronald 144
,
145
Ioffe, Julia 194
,
196
,
205
Jacob, Francois 216
,
217
James, William 37
,
222
,
233
,
275
,
290
,
300
,
333
,
334
Joas, Hans 140 –142 144 –146 148
Joplin, Janis 204
Kaldor, Mary 254
,
276
Kant, Immanuel 34
,
37
,
43
,
160
,
281
,
314
,
315
Katz, Elihu 60
Kaube, Jürgen 306
Kaufmann, Frans-Xaver 148
Kelvin, William Thomson 220
Kepler, Johannes 31
Kerr, Clark 286
,
289
,
304
,
311
Keynes, John Maynard 334
,
346
Klöpper, Hannes 6
,
13
Knox, John 19
Kotler, Yuri 194
Kroeber, Alfred 233
Lacan, Jacques 231
,
253
Lazarsfeld, Paul 252
Lefebvre, Henri 270
Lenin, Vladimir 314
Lepenies, Wolf 250
,
276
Lequin, Yves 270
Lévi-Strauss, Claude 231
,
253
,
265
,
268
Libet, Benjamin 213
Lindblom, Charles 228
Livio, Mario 220
Lombroso, Cesare 36
Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio 267
Luther, Martin 333
Machiavelli, Niccolò 31
Macy, Michael 62
March, James 100
,
101
,
193
,
207
,
222
Marcuse, Herbert 253
,
268
Martin, David 140
,
145 –147 188
,
289
,
290
,
333
Marx, Karl 153
,
244
,
265
,
276
Maturana, Humberto 43
,
52
Mauss, Marcel 236
,
248
,
252
Mead, G. H. 43
,
52
Meinecke, Friedrich 8
,
283
,
287
Menand, Louis 307
,
308
Mencius 2
Menzel, Herbert 60
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 42
,
43
,
52
Meyer, John W. 25
,
26
,
140
,
318
Mill, John Stuart 68
,
82
Mills, C. Wright 256
,
276
Monboddo, James Burnett Lord 33
Morales, Evo 267
Mueller, Ulrich 20
,
26
Navalny, Alexei 196
,
197
Neumann, John von 331
Newton, Isaac 31
,
332
Nietzsche, Friedrich 30
Nobel, Alfred 215
Norris, Pippa 144
Nozick, Robert 177
,
178
,
182
,
187
Obama, Barack 267
Olivelle, Patrick 109
,
113
,
114
,
116
,
119 –123 140
Orwell, George 35
Ozel, Soli 202
,
205
Pareto, Vilfredo 3
Parson, Talcott 253
Pasteur, Louis 221
Pauling, Linus 220
Phelps, Edmund 334
Piaget, Jean 43
,
52
,
231
Piot, Peter 214
,
215
,
231
Plato 28
,
30
,
31
,
187
,
313
Pollack, Detlef 143
,
144
,
216
,
231
Pollack, Sheldon 143
,
144
,
216
,
231
Popper, Karl 67
,
68
Putin, Vladimir 194 –198 201
,
202
,
205
,
207
Rahner, Karl 142
Rawls, John 170
,
173
,
187
,
269
,
276
Reagan, Ronald 267
Robespierre, Maximilien de 203
Rorty, Richard 37
Rosanvallon, Pierre 191
,
203
,
204
,
205
Rousseau, Jean Jaques 29
,
32 –35
Rousseff, Dilma 267
Runciman, David 189
,
207
Sartre, Jean Paul 28
,
249
,
260
Savarkar, V. D. 108
,
109
,
111 –114 116 –125 127 –133 135 –140 142
Schelling, Thomas 62
,
281
Schleiermacher, Friedrich 281
,
315
Schröder, Gerhard 267
Schultz, Ted 20
,
26
Schumpeter, Joseph 57
,
168
,
169
,
170
,
180
,
188
,
334
Searle, John 68
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
76
,
78
,
82
Sen, Amartya 173
,
180
,
188
,
334
,
346
Sennett, Richard 270
Shakespeare, William 303
Shannon, Claude 331
Shinawatra, Thaksin 198
,
199
Shinawatra, Yingluck 198
Siddhartha Gautam 109
,
111
,
112
Simon, Herbert 334
Slapovsky, Alexei 193
,
207
Smith, Adam 52
,
85
,
91
,
102
,
108
,
120
,
142
,
334
,
336
Smolin, Lee 216
,
231
Socrates 28
,
30
Soldatov, Andre 194
,
207
Spencer, Herbert 130
Steinbeck, John 272
Stern, David N. 42
,
52
Stiglitz, Joseph 334
Strohschneider, Peter 309
Swammerdam, Jan 19
Taylor, Charles 269
Tezza, Cristovao 209
,
231
Thatcher, Margret 267
Thompson, Evan 43
,
52
Thrasymachus 30
Thucydides 30
Tocqueville, Alexis de 188
,
189
Tukey, John W. 64
Tylor, Edward Burnett 233
,
248
Varela, Francisco J. 43
,
52
Vivekananda, Swami 108
,
121
,
134
Voegelin, Eric 144
,
164
Volosinov, Valentin 41
,
52
Voltaire, Arouet de 29
Wagner, Peter 4
,
5
,
45
,
52
Watkins, J.W. N. 59
,
67
,
68
,
70
Watson, Jim 212
Weber, Max 3
,
57
,
60
,
61
,
91
,
186
,
252
,
265
,
266
,
274
,
286
,
287
Weiler, Hans 328
Weinberg, Steven 332
Willer, Robb 62
Wolf, Christoph 141
,
250
,
276
Wrong, Dennis 36
,
219
Xenophanes of Colophon 29
Ylikoski, Petri 70 –72
Zempléni, András 238
Index of Subjects
Academic systems 295
Action 20
,
57
,
58
,
64
,
76
,
97
,
116
,
175
,
178
,
199
,
213
,
222 –226 248
,
249
,
253
,
254
,
260 –262 266
,
273
,
275
,
276
,
318
,
334
aco algorithms 24
,
25
Affection 31
,
99
,
192
Africa 140
,
144
,
145
,
149
,
165
,
174
,
231
,
233
,
239
,
242
,
243
,
250
,
255
Agency 3
,
13
,
40
,
68
,
99
,
157
,
158
,
286
,
294
agent 62
,
63
,
65
Agriculture 9
,
20
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
25
,
26
,
114
,
116
,
118
,
119
,
268
,
283
,
321
Ant agriculture 20 –25
Ahiṃsā 92
,
117
,
126 –128 134
aids 239
,
320
Algorithms 25
,
226
Altruism 25
,
114
Amour de soi 33
self-preservation 33
,
116
,
200
Anatomy 232
,
234
Anthropology 329
anthropologist 40 –42 45
,
233
,
236
,
238
,
240
,
252
,
264
,
271
Anthropomorphism 25
Ants 18 –25
Archaeology 140
,
295
Aristocrats 31
,
281
Artificial intelligence 25
Artificial life 224
Arts, the 215
,
223
,
328
Asceticism 109 –114 119 –125 131
,
132
Ascetics 140
Athens
Athenians 29
,
30
Atomism 58
,
71
Authoritarianism 142
,
201
Autonomy 5
,
6
,
34
,
72
,
160
,
161
,
219
,
249
,
289
,
343
Autopoiesis 40
,
43
Autopsy 232
,
235
Ayurveda 232
Bacteria 21
,
242
Bees 18
,
19
Behaviour 19
,
23
,
25
,
172
Beliefs 33
,
59
,
62
,
61
,
62
,
75
,
78
,
80
,
97
,
177
believer 102
,
188
disbeliever 63
Bible
Biblical 19
,
33
Bildung 315
,
345
Biology 6
,
52
,
69
,
73
,
158
,
215
,
224
,
233
,
235
,
238
,
241
,
245
,
268
,
295
,
320
,
335
biological control 23
biological universalism 239
,
246
Biomedicine 231 –239 241 –245
Body 18
,
41
,
43
,
68
,
75
,
111
,
113
,
117
,
120
,
128
,
135
,
172
,
181
,
193
,
226
,
232 –238 243
,
255
,
289
,
307
,
329
Bologna
process 309
,
310
,
338
,
343
reform 305
,
345
Boundary problem, the 166
,
168
,
169
,
171
,
175
,
179
Bourgeoisies vs middle class 199
Brain 73
,
210
,
213
,
214
,
227
,
228
,
237
,
332
Buddha 91
,
108 –136 141
Buddhism 91
,
92
,
103
,
117
,
119
,
129
,
130
Bureaucracy (bureaucrats) 259
,
286
,
343
Capitalism 60
,
61
,
80
,
154
,
188
,
203
,
231
,
244
,
249
,
263
Catholicism 142
Causality 232
causal depth 58
,
64
causal power of norms 78
causal relation 61
,
62
,
74
,
331
illness causation 237
Centre and periphery 10
Centres of excellence 294
Chaos theory 332
,
333
Chicago School 252
,
267
,
270
Christianity 85
,
102
,
140 –149 151
,
160
,
161
Citizen 34
,
165
,
172
,
188
,
195
,
204
,
205
,
305
,
308
,
325
,
329
,
331
concerned 305
,
308
,
323 325
,
329
,
343
second-class 315
Class 30
,
44
,
94
,
100
,
119
,
153 –154 192 –194 196 –200 202
,
237
,
243
,
261
,
269
,
270
,
284
,
315
,
349
Climate-change 165
,
264
,
319
,
329
,
330
Collective
consciousness 73
decision 176
,
177
entity 65
identities 154
,
261
,
269
intentionality 74
,
75
,
76
life 224
,
250
,
251
,
258
,
261
representations 73
,
74
,
76
Collectivity 46
,
59
,
60
,
65
,
137
Colonialism 87
,
145
,
250
Communism 260
,
266
,
267
Conceptual
framework/space 10
,
153
tools/resources 10
,
11
Consciousness 32
,
42
,
43
,
75
,
114
,
132
,
135
,
140
,
213
,
228
,
241
,
283
,
319
,
329
,
334
,
345
Contextualism
global 153
,
302
,
344
Continuity 42
,
44
,
85
,
97
Cosmology 41
,
92
,
215
Criminality 36
,
135
Crisis 126
,
136
,
189
,
192
,
201
,
263
,
271
,
275
discourse of 188
economic/financial 189
,
192
,
260
,
275
,
326
,
333
environmental 319
of democracy 165
,
189
,
190
,
203
of the left 266
of the university 279
,
280
,
303
,
338
Cult 34
,
91
,
144
cultic milieus 143
Cultural
construction 49
religio 93
,
97
revolution 315
sciences 282
,
295
values 287
,
289
Culture 8
,
21
,
41
,
43
,
45
,
49
,
50
,
85
,
86
,
98
,
105
,
108
,
142
,
157
,
158
,
231
,
233 237
,
245
,
261
,
268
,
286
,
287
,
289
,
309
,
314
,
318
,
337
,
338
,
341
multiculturalism 173
,
269
Culture vs social structure 157
,
158
Curiosity 13
,
23
,
215
,
217
,
279
,
292
,
294 –297 310
,
336
Curriculum/curricula 13
,
172
,
181
,
290
,
302 –306 308 –310 312
,
314
,
315
,
317
,
318
,
321 –329 331 –344
Reform Manifesto 327
,
329
Dharma 90
,
91
,
114
,
122
,
125
,
127
,
136
Dharma-yuddha 125
,
126
Death 19
,
34
,
40
,
42
,
98
,
112
,
113
,
126
,
130
,
132
,
178
,
188
,
193
,
211
,
224
,
232
life and 31
,
188
,
268
,
271
treatment of the dead 31
Decision methods 169
,
171
Democracy 31
,
165
,
166
,
168 –173 175
,
178
,
179 –182 187 –189 191
,
193
,
195
,
197
,
198
,
200 –203 260
,
261
,
267
,
325
,
334
,
341
Democratic
decision 166
,
168
,
169
,
172
,
173
ideals 176
,
313
non-democratic 165
politics 188
,
189
,
203
,
204
theory 166
,
168
,
169
,
176
,
177
Demograhy 9
,
145
,
268
Demography 144
,
145
,
189
,
342
Demons 117
,
118
,
123
,
137
Demos problem, the 166
Desires 33
,
48
,
49
,
61
,
76
,
77
,
79
,
99
,
113
,
117
,
118
,
132
Determinism 213
,
334
Dhamma 92
,
114
,
131
Dialogue 8
,
91
,
93
,
112
,
148
,
149
,
263
,
269
,
306
,
327
,
336
Dictatorship 188
Digitalisation 310
digital age 302
,
312
digital technology 303
,
312
Disciplines 3
,
4
,
5
,
7 9
,
12
,
72
,
216
,
251 253
,
256 –260 265
,
269
,
273
,
275
,
291
,
308
,
309
,
317 –321 323
,
325 –329 331
,
333
,
334
,
341
Diseases 214
,
237
,
240 –243 245
infectious 239
,
242
,
243
,
319
,
320
dna 21
,
74
,
212
Drama 188
,
189
,
191
,
197
in elections 191
Dreams 188
,
237
,
333
,
351
Duty 34
,
92
,
97
,
99
,
123
,
128 –130 211
,
296
Ecology 1
,
21
,
264
,
267
,
305
Economics 3
,
23
,
319
,
334
,
335
Economy 116
,
154
,
218
,
241
,
292
,
332
,
335
economic approach 57
economic centres 189
,
192
,
275
modern 31
political 3
,
244
Education 3
,
30
,
194
,
240
,
272
,
273
,
281
,
283 –286 289
,
290
,
303
,
305
,
307
,
310
,
314
,
315
,
321
,
324
,
327
,
329
,
334
,
336 –338 340
,
342
,
344 –346
general 307
,
333
,
334
,
337
,
341
higher 2
,
7
,
259
,
280
,
283 –285 289 –292 302
,
303
,
305
,
307 –310 312
,
314
,
316 –318 322
,
328
,
333
,
334
,
338
,
339
,
342
,
345
liberal 283
,
284
,
285
,
338
student-centric 314
undergraduate 309
,
318
,
324
,
325
,
345
Western model of higher 318
Egalitarianism 95
,
341
egalitarian 85
,
95
,
173
,
180
,
181
,
308
,
310
,
317
,
341
Einsamkeit und Freiheit 315
Election 169
,
177
,
187 –189 193
,
197
,
201
,
262
decline of -s 192
Elite 5
,
93
,
96 –98 101
,
199
,
201
,
203
,
258
,
280
,
284
,
285
,
290
,
303
,
314
,
322
,
346
elite research institution 314
Emergentism
emergentist views 62
,
71
Enlightenment 13
,
85
,
112
,
113
,
117
,
118
,
120
,
128
,
159
,
160
,
211
,
231
,
232
,
234
,
246
,
249
,
271
,
274
,
297
,
302
,
304
,
310
,
312 –314 319
,
320
,
321
,
340
,
343
New 13
,
302
,
304
,
313
,
344
rethinking the 231
,
246
,
312
,
320
Environment 23
,
105
,
145
,
169
,
172
,
218
,
219
,
222 –224 232
,
245
,
268
,
273
,
290
,
291
,
315
,
319
,
343
environmental 18
,
72
,
182
,
189
,
221
,
241
,
262
,
314
,
319
environmental resources 18
Epidemiology 232
,
233
,
245
epidemic 214
,
231
,
243
Epistemology 41
,
43
,
52
,
188
Equality 92 –96 101
,
103
,
104
,
161
,
171
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
188
,
346
Error 118
,
213
,
217
,
219 –221 228
trial and 217
,
221
Ethics 37
,
100
,
109
,
123
,
126
,
135
,
187
,
266
clinical 271
ethical principles 31
medical 272
Ethnic 7
,
13
,
47
,
48
,
60
,
156
,
204
,
254
groups 204
segregation 60
traditions 13
Ethnography 43
,
45
,
46
,
52
,
229
,
233
,
246
ethnographic 7
,
41
,
44 –46 48
,
52
,
234
eu (European Union) 13
,
165
,
172
,
214
,
254
Europe 1
,
2
,
12
,
37
,
61
,
102
,
103
,
140
,
144
,
146 –149 155
,
165
,
168
,
189
,
191
,
200
,
211
,
221
,
235
,
250
,
254
,
262
,
267
,
270
,
279 –281 283
,
286
,
290
,
293
,
297
,
309
,
310
,
315
,
322
,
325
,
337
,
340 –343
early modern 2
Northern 279
Western 61
,
146
,
147
,
149
,
287
,
290
Evolution 7
,
22
,
23
,
34
,
40
,
61
,
96
,
101
,
121
,
212
,
222 –224 229
,
240
,
335
,
336
,
349
,
350
Evolutionary 5
,
9
,
23
,
33
,
36
,
37
,
118
,
222
,
224
,
295
,
334
,
335
changes 23
theory 36
,
335
Exotic 23
,
233
,
234
cultures 233
exoticization 234
tribes 233
Experiment 41
,
45
,
46
,
95
,
213
,
216
,
217
,
264
,
312
,
337
Explanation 31
,
37
,
40
,
43
,
49
,
59 –66 69 –71 108
,
217
,
232
,
236
,
256
,
329
,
332
by law 69
mechanistic 62
,
61
,
70
rock-bottom 59
scheme 64
sociological 59
,
64
,
65
Facts
clinical 232
macro 65
micro 65
social 71 –74 76
,
77
,
79
,
80
,
255
Failure 25
,
35
,
126
,
218 –221 264
,
300
,
309
,
320
,
321
,
335
Family 31
,
44
,
87
,
92
,
113
,
116
,
121
,
125
,
159
,
182
,
187
,
198
,
199
,
236
,
248
,
304
families 31
,
69
,
70
,
114
,
141
,
212
,
238
,
257
,
295
proto- 25
subterranean farmers 22
Fascism 260
Female vs male 19
,
94
Folk model 40
Folklore 7
,
252
Forschung und Lehre 323
Fragmentation 13
,
92
,
191
,
253
,
256
,
257
Freedom 28
,
34
,
88
,
91 –95 103
,
104
,
171
,
178
,
204
,
213
,
259
,
272
,
273
,
294
,
306
,
315
,
321
,
340
academic 289
,
321
,
322
,
326
free competition 169
free man 31
free will 40
,
213
free vote 169
human 213
Friendship 62
Functionalism 35
,
252
,
256
,
290
Fundamentalism 162
,
313
fundamentalist groups 159
Fungus farming 21
fungal cultivars 20
,
21
,
22
,
23
Fusion of horizons 32
,
43
Future 9
,
46
,
47
,
49
,
65
,
86
,
108
,
120
,
125
,
132
,
135
,
140 –143 145 –149 151
,
165
,
166
,
173
,
175 –177 188
,
191
,
197
,
203
,
204
,
211
,
216
,
222
,
227
,
228
,
231
,
242
,
249
,
262
,
268
,
294
,
297
,
302
,
312
,
317
,
322
,
325
,
334
,
337
,
338
constructing the 188
generations 125
,
165
,
166
,
302
Futurology 140
Gambling 213
,
223
Generational differences 188
Generations 33
,
42
,
43
,
46
,
47
,
49
,
103
,
123
,
141
,
148
,
165
,
166
,
237
,
297
,
302
Genes 23
,
28
,
40
,
212 –214 221
Genetic
dimension of evolution 212
enhancement 9
epigenetic 212
,
213
,
335
inheritance 212
variability 22
,
23
Genomic testing 211
Geometry 30
Geopolitical relations 225
Germany 7
,
8
,
141 –144 147
,
148
,
159
,
167
,
262
,
267
,
282 –284 286
,
287
,
303
,
305
,
307
,
308
,
310
,
326
,
328
,
340 –342
German science 12
German universities 12
,
287
Global
competition 292
,
310
context 1
,
13
,
153
,
302
governance 179
,
182
,
345
properties 25
transformation 1
warming 319
,
330
Globalization 12
,
13
,
141
,
144
,
147
,
149
,
154 –156 163
,
254
,
255
,
309
,
316
,
317
,
320
,
345
God 29
,
32
,
33
,
90
,
94
,
95
,
100
,
101
,
140
,
160
,
162
,
163
,
187
,
211
,
223
,
274
goddess 91
gods 29
,
115
,
116
,
118
,
120
,
135
,
136
,
141
Government 11
,
13
,
31
,
35
,
165
,
166
,
169
,
171
,
173
,
174
,
178
,
188 –194 196 –202 204
,
205
,
226
,
239
,
261
,
280
,
286
,
290
,
294
,
297
,
308
,
313
,
314
agencies 13
Great Britain 166
,
192
,
267
,
284
,
326
,
345
Great Depression, the 272
Greece 29
,
30
,
192
Greek
god 32
observers 29
thinkers 29
Group shop scheduling problem 25
Health 188
,
213
,
214
,
233
,
235
,
238 –246 272
,
287
,
289
,
309
,
313
,
319
,
321
,
329
global 231
,
238 –243
healthcare 271
Hedonism 175
Hegemony 155
,
156
,
250
,
252
hegemonic power 11
,
12
,
251
Hermeneutics 234
Hierarchical 31
,
204
,
226
Hierarchy 31
,
91
of human societies 31
Hindu 85
,
87
,
90
,
93
,
95
,
100
,
102
,
108
,
109
,
122
,
129
,
137
nationalism 87
,
109
,
129
,
137
thought 85
Hinduism 95
,
98
,
101
,
103
,
117
,
140
materialism 32
processes 40
,
44
,
140
transformation 32
,
248
truth 275
Historicity of human beings 40
hiv 231
,
239
,
320
Holism 67
Homosexuality
gays 198
lesbians 198
Hospital 187 –189 231
,
263
Human
adjustment to the world 33
behaviour 23
being 3
,
21
,
28
,
31 –34 40 –45 68
,
99
,
123
,
258
,
324
,
325
,
332
hubris 211
,
222
limits and limitations 223
nature 28
,
29
,
31 –33 35
race 33
relation 92
rights 181
,
182
,
196
,
269
sciences 4 –6 9
,
10 –12 43
,
45
,
231
self-reflexivity 1
,
279
societies 9
,
20
,
24
,
29
Human Brain Project 214
,
228
Human sciences 4
,
5
,
6
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
12
,
43
,
45
,
231
Humanism 248
Humanities 6
,
338
digital 272
Humanity 30
,
32
,
34
,
36
,
127
,
136
,
233
,
268
,
289
,
308
,
309
,
319
,
325
,
329
,
332
,
333
Humankind 1
,
122
,
124
,
244
Humboldtian 282
,
304
,
313
,
314
,
322
ideal 313
model 304
Hunger 21
,
115
,
225
,
319
,
329
Hygiene 235
,
255
Ideal 90
,
98
,
99
,
104
,
108
,
111 –114 116
,
118
,
119
,
124
,
129
,
130
,
157
,
169
,
170
,
180
,
181
,
281
,
284
,
296
,
310
,
323
,
332
,
337
democratic 171
,
176
,
179
,
180
,
312
normative 89
,
169 –171 180
Identity 8
,
48
,
60
,
72
,
111
,
147
,
236
,
237
,
262
,
289
,
320
,
338
,
343
personal 235
personal continuity 40
vs sense of self 48
social 236
Ideologies 71
,
160
,
175
,
201
,
248
,
249
,
260
,
266
,
267
,
274
,
312
,
317
,
329
Imagination 12
,
19
,
25
,
37
,
46
,
52
,
125
,
155
,
188
,
189
,
203
,
216
,
217
,
226
,
261
,
276
,
290
,
338
scientific 36
,
217
Imperialism 145
economic 57
,
58
Incrementalism 228
India 27
,
85 –87 89
,
90 –93 95
,
97 –99 101 –109 134
,
140
,
155
,
192
,
250
,
255
,
308 –310 313
Indian cultural ethos 85
Indians 29
,
108
,
134
Individual
atomistic 58
identity 236
non-individual properties 62
rights 89
,
157
,
178
,
179
,
182
,
317
uniqueness 212
Individualism 57 –59 61
,
63
,
65 –69 71
,
72
,
80
,
254
,
255
,
268
ethical 68
methodological 57 –59 65
,
67 –69 71
,
75
,
77
,
80
,
233
,
312
ontological 71
,
72
,
78
,
80
sociological 58
,
59
,
62
,
63
,
65
,
70
structural 58
Industrialization 244
,
270
Inequality 10
,
32
,
60
,
94
,
188
,
190
,
192
,
243
,
244
,
246
,
319
Influence 6
,
7
,
9
,
10
,
77 –79 91
,
94
,
105
,
159
,
169
,
170 182
,
190
,
192
,
193
,
199
,
204
,
212
,
240
,
256
,
267
,
270
,
275
,
284
,
285
,
303
,
324
Information 60
,
63
,
68
,
105
,
177
,
226
,
228
,
300
,
310
,
311
,
313
,
315
,
330
,
337
,
338
,
344
Information technology 313
,
344
Inner self 233
,
237
as locus of unpredictability 233
as the unconscious 224
,
233
,
236
,
237
transcultural 233
Innovation 1
,
10
,
65
,
218
,
220
,
221
,
243
,
244
,
246
,
259
,
279
,
290
,
292
,
297
,
313
Insects 18
,
20
,
22
,
24
,
25
18
,
19
ants 18 –25
beetles 20
,
25
termites 17
,
19
,
23
wasps 17
Instinct 25
,
33
Integration 96
,
147
,
253
,
257
,
262
,
321
social 18
Intellect 112
enlightened 34
Intellectual space 254
,
255
,
273
Intellectuals 19
,
251
,
253
,
260
,
265
,
266
Intelligence 24
,
25
,
31
,
43
distributed 25
ratiocinative 33
swarm 25
Intentionality 48
,
52
,
61
,
74 –76
collective 74 –76
individual 75
intentional attitude 59
intentional state 57
,
58
Interdisciplinary 6
,
306
,
309
,
311
,
315
,
318
,
322
,
324
,
327
,
328
,
336
dialogue 327
,
336
knowledge 306
,
309
problems 328
research 6
,
309
,
322
seminars 327
teams 327
thinking 309
,
324
,
328
Internet 25
,
157
,
194
,
196
,
235
,
242
,
262
,
265
Interpretation 4
,
41
,
72
,
99
,
101
,
157
,
171
,
218
,
236
,
237
,
245
,
306
,
309
,
337
,
343
Intersubjectivity 42
,
43
,
44
,
49
,
50
,
52
Iran 140
,
161
,
162
,
262
,
267
Iranian Revolution 160
,
260
,
262
Iraq 156
,
189
,
239
Irrationality 268
Islam 93
,
95 –99 101 –103 105
,
109
,
140
,
144 –146 163
,
274
Islamic empires 2
Israel 32
,
192
,
326
Israelites 31
Justice 30
,
31
,
98 –100 114
,
126
,
128
,
170
,
173
,
180
,
182
,
187
,
254
,
261
,
268
,
269
,
271
,
272
,
276
,
341
,
342
,
345
egalitarian 173
restorative 271
Kairos 222
,
226
King 19
,
32
,
90 –94 97 –100 109
,
115
,
123 –127 131 –134 202
,
220
Kingdom 32
,
34
,
94
,
97
,
113
,
115
,
122
,
123
,
166
,
214
,
273
,
282
Kinship 33
,
41
,
47
,
48
,
52
,
71
,
236
Know thyself (γνώθι σαυτόν) 212
Knowledge
divides 1
forms of 1
,
2
,
5
,
6
interdisciplinary 306
,
309
mechanism-based 64
new 218
,
220
,
302
,
312
non-political 312
production 268
,
273
,
289
technical 23
traditions 2
useful and useless 218
value-free 312
Kremlin, the 193 –195 197
Labour 117
,
118
,
142
,
241
,
242
,
244
,
267
,
288
,
343
division of 18
,
252
,
257
manual 23
Language 52
native 188
Langue 41
Law 2
,
31
,
34
,
98
,
99
,
101
,
111
,
121
,
123
,
124
,
128
,
129
,
137
,
157
,
160
,
174
,
175
,
188
,
190
,
282
,
283
,
289
,
308
,
312
,
332
,
334
,
335
explanation by 69
general 69
Legislatures 190
Liberal Arts, the 306
,
307
,
341
Liberalism 68
,
142
,
157
,
171
,
179
,
180
,
182
,
189
,
265
,
269
,
307
Libertarianism 175
Libertarians 170
Libido scientiae 211
Life
and death 188
,
268
,
271
artificial 224
best life for man 31
lifestyle 120
,
241
,
242
,
243
,
316
Linguistic paradigm 231
Literary studies 272
Logic 64
,
61
,
82
,
155
,
191
,
197
,
200
,
217
,
245
,
252
,
295
Love 33
,
48
,
95
,
99
,
111
,
123
,
124
,
137
,
203
Machiavellian 31
,
88
Macro
and micro 58
,
60
,
61
,
65
,
70
history 39
level 60 –62 64
,
65
,
69
patterns 64
,
70
properties 57 –62 64
,
70
social phenomena 57
,
59
,
35
sociology 10
Madness 187
,
188
Malaria 240
,
320
Man 29
,
31
,
33 –35 46
,
99
,
101
,
112
,
121
,
126 –129 160
,
187
,
190
,
204
,
205
,
221
,
233
,
258
,
275
,
303
,
306
,
307
,
313
,
330
,
339
socialized 34
Mandate 118
policy 190
popular 191
Mankind 20
,
30
,
34
Manliness 108
Marxism 52
,
57
,
187
,
250
,
253
Marxist theory 57
Materialism 32
Meaning 28
,
43 –46 57
,
67
,
71
,
78
,
79
,
93
,
98
,
104
,
129
,
137
,
187
,
210
,
212
,
248
,
274
,
317
,
321
,
328
,
329
assimilation of 43
of life 28
Media 11
,
36
,
141
,
177
,
189
,
195
,
196
,
199
,
201
,
236
,
261
,
264
,
265
,
333
,
345
global media penetration 233
social media 193
,
195
,
201
,
226
,
242
Medical
care 240
education 231
,
286
,
288
,
303
,
335
,
337
ethics 272
humanitarians 239
,
240
interaction 236
practice 23
,
50
research 259
science 6
,
8
,
288
system 232
traditions 237
Medicine 6
,
9
,
231
,
232
,
234
,
283
,
285
,
308
,
311
,
312
,
335
emergency 231
new 232
Meditation 133
Zen 143
Mental 24
,
36
,
57
,
61
,
62
,
68
,
72
,
131
,
132
,
134
,
237
,
241
concepts 62
representations 61
state 68
Methodology 44
,
82
Metic reasoning 312
Micro 58 –62 65
,
69
,
70
,
82
,
242
and macro 60
,
64
,
61
foundations 58
,
64
,
69
,
70
level entities 59
level properties 60
,
62
Microbial consortia 23
Middle class 192 –194 196 –200
Middle Path, the 113
Migration 146
,
149
,
167
,
188
,
240
mass 8
,
233
Mind 30
,
33
,
35
,
41
,
43
,
52
,
62
,
64
,
75
,
90
,
115
,
131
,
133
,
142
,
169
,
212
,
217
,
221
,
237
,
244
,
255
,
256
,
258
,
313
,
314
,
316
,
321
,
323
,
329
group minds 68
individual 74
,
75
,
77
Minority 165
,
181
,
188
,
197
,
221
,
269
,
273
Missing link 33
Model
agent-based 62
disciplinary 5
folk 41
formal 64
for necessary violence 134
French 88
,
89
Gandhian 134
instructional/teaching 310
,
315
,
344
based economics 319
objective scientific 41
segregation 62
unified 40
,
42 –44 50
Western – of higher education 309
,
317
,
318
Modern
civilization 20
democracies 190
sociology 35
world 1
,
11
,
12
,
35
,
36
,
89
,
289
,
291
,
303
Modernity 89
,
104
,
154
,
157
,
159 –163 225
,
227
,
252
,
274
,
287
,
292
Moguls, the 2
Money 48
,
190
,
260
,
308
,
311
,
313
Monopoly 12
,
96
,
163
,
196
,
250
Morality 30
,
34
,
137
,
173
moral standard 30
,
31
,
35
Movements 10
,
92
,
95
,
97
,
103
,
105
,
144
,
154
,
156 –158 160
,
161
,
163
,
203
,
204
,
260 –262 264
,
269
,
327
cultural 274
labour 142
,
288
religious 91
,
120
,
143
,
144
social 64
,
145
,
240
,
253
,
254
,
261
urban social 270
Muddling through 227
Multinational companies 165
Multiversity 289
,
304
Muslim
authorities 163
discourse 98
King/ruler 98
,
100
,
108
orthodoxy 98
,
101
practices 93
societies 97
,
274
symbols 95
worlds 155
,
262
Nation-state 7
,
130
,
254
,
255
National
canon 8
culture 8
,
288
independence 8
traditions 7
,
8
Nationalism 87
,
109
,
114
,
130
,
135
,
142
,
255
Natural 1
,
2
,
4
,
6
,
8
,
9
,
13
,
29
,
31
,
33
,
34
,
91
,
99
,
111
,
129
,
153
,
158
,
160
,
174
,
191
,
204
,
216
,
227
,
264
,
268
,
269
,
282
,
290
,
295
,
302
,
311
,
319
,
330 –332 334 –336 337
aristocrats 31
slaves 31
standards 31
Natural sciences 1
,
9
,
13
,
31
,
158
,
216
,
264
,
268
,
302
,
311
,
331
,
334
,
336
,
337
Nature
animal 33
contrary to 35
first 34
human 28
,
29
,
31 –33 35
second 34
state of 33
,
59
Nazism 8 142
,
260
Network 60
,
62
,
63
,
241 –243 311
,
331
clustering 60
,
63
social 62
,
64
,
195
,
199
,
203
,
226
,
242
,
243
,
262
topologies of 60
Neurocience 6
,
295
neuroscientists 210
Neurophysiology 70
Newborn babies 42
,
43
infants 43
neonates 42
,
43
Nomos 29
,
30
,
188
,
300
Non-geographical entities 165
Non-violence 96
,
108
,
109
,
112
,
114 –118 120
,
122
,
124 –130 132
,
134 –136 140
absolute 122
,
123
,
130
Normativity 77
,
79
,
80
normative ideals 89
,
169
,
170
,
171
normative theory 170
Norms 35
,
59
,
62 –71 74
,
76 –82 95
,
113
,
169
,
170
,
180
,
188
,
273
,
292
,
296
,
319
,
329
as social facts 78
political 274
self-enforcing 62
North, the 5
,
93
,
105
,
146
,
241 –243 250
,
267
,
289
,
319
Northern Ireland 166
,
167
Nosology 236
Nothing
negation 28
nothingness 29
Objective 41
,
77
,
87
,
89
,
99
,
232
,
309
,
319
,
323
,
332
,
343
objectivity 312
Occultism 143
Oligarchy
oligarchical regimes 190
Ontogeny 41
,
42
,
44
,
45
,
47
,
52
Ontology 41
,
43
,
59
,
68
,
71
,
75
,
82
ontological individualism 71
,
72
,
79
ontological multiplicity 68
Open Access 310
Ottomans, the 2
Parasites 23
Parliament, the 190
,
203
Parole 41
opposition 191
,
202
party system 165
,
317
political 165
,
177
,
203
,
205
,
263
Past, the 1
,
5
,
8
,
13
,
29
,
47
,
86
,
104
,
119
,
140
,
141
,
143
,
146
,
168
,
190
,
197
,
204
,
216
,
228
,
249
,
251
,
252
,
255
,
260
,
265
,
267
,
268
,
273
,
274
,
292
,
323
Pathology 232
,
251
anatomical 232
pathogens 22
,
23
People, the 41
,
43 –45 48
,
50
,
62
,
99
,
108
,
111
,
113
,
166 –169 171
,
172
,
174
,
181
,
189
,
193
,
194
,
196
,
198
,
202
,
203
,
258
,
273
Perfectibilité 33
Persia 31
Personhood 235
,
237
person 28
,
31
,
40 –44 46 –48 76
,
79
,
100
,
112
,
123
,
126
,
129
,
132
,
158
,
174
,
176
,
178 –182 212
,
236
,
242
,
281
,
316
,
317
,
324
,
328
,
336
personal continuity 40
Phenomenology 52
Philosophy 1
,
2
,
10
,
13
,
28
,
32
,
52
,
62
,
64 –65 68
,
72
,
82
,
93
,
100
,
128
,
140
,
188
,
190
,
216
,
233
,
251
,
269
,
281
,
295
,
337
idealistic 7
legal philosophers 269
moral 3
of mind 62
,
64
,
68
,
72
,
295
philosopher 28
,
203
political 1
,
2
,
6
,
9
,
99
,
269
Phusis (and nomos) 29
,
30
Physical 31
,
62
,
68
,
72
,
113
,
131
,
209
,
216
,
220
,
232
,
235
,
236
,
241
,
285
,
315
,
319
,
324
,
334
,
337
existence 31
system 31
,
334
Physicalism 68
Physiological 32
,
40
,
213
structure 32
Piagetian perspective 43
Pillarization 142
Pitié 33
Platonic 29
,
30
Pluralism 279
,
290
religious 143
Polis 31
,
302
cosmopolis 302
Political
actors 188
,
262
,
266
,
271
ascendance 193
authority 31
control 281
,
314
correctness 274
decline 193
economy 3
,
244
game 188
philosophy 1
,
2
,
6
,
9
,
99
,
269
protest 190 –192 200
,
201
,
345
prudence 31
regimes 193
,
312
science 3
,
255
scientists 190
systems 180
,
266
,
312
theory 4
,
160
,
182
,
195
,
319
Politicians 188
,
189
,
192
,
197
,
203
,
220
,
266
,
317
,
330
Polytheism 93
Pope, the 147
Popular 36
,
172
,
173
,
195
,
196
,
324
democracies 266
Hinduism 95
,
103
Islam 95
,
98
,
103
mandate 191
monotheism 102
music 144
protests 192
religious movements 91
science literature 331
,
336
sovereignty 203
worship 93
Population 3
,
20
,
62
,
63
,
72
,
97
,
145
,
169
,
194
,
200
,
223
,
242
,
268
,
269
,
307
,
308
,
313
,
332
cascade in 63
genetics 268
Postmodern (postmodernist) 144
,
231
Power
hegemonic 11
,
12
,
251
of biological theories 235
of life 31
of the ballot 190
transformational 188
Poverty 147
,
200
,
319
,
320
,
329
Practice 13
,
20
,
24
,
69
,
97
,
116
,
119
,
124
,
126
,
130 –133 136
,
141
,
146
,
148
,
165
,
170
,
219
,
228
,
231
,
236 –238 260
,
271
,
273
,
290
,
328
,
331
,
339
,
341 –344
exotic 234
medical 235
Pragmatism 228
Prediction 35
,
140
,
141
,
224
,
330
Preferences 77
,
78
,
80
,
165
,
173
,
177
,
182
Prejudice 314
Primates 28
Private
domain 88
,
274
funding 240
,
259
,
260
,
272
reality 36
sector 202
,
221
,
259
,
313
,
326
,
332
,
344
selves 36
sphere 141
universities 287
,
293
vs public 240
,
263
,
272
,
286
,
332
Professionalism 285
,
307
Professorships
academic 296
Proletariat 188
,
262
Properties 25
,
43
,
58 65
,
68
,
70 –72 74
,
180
global 25
individual 59
,
72
,
74
macro level 60
,
62
micro-level 60
non-individual 64
social 60
,
72
supra-individual 62
,
71
Prophet 157
Proportionalism 181
,
182
Protest 154
,
157
,
187
,
189
,
191 –195 197 –205 262
political 190 –192 200
,
201
,
345
popular 192
Protestantism 61
,
85
,
142
,
143
Protestant sects 146
Psychiatry 236
,
245
Psychoanalysis 237
,
267
,
268
Psychology 65
,
69
,
74
,
237
,
264
,
295
,
321
evolutionary 33
,
36
,
335
Public
debate 252
,
253
,
256
,
265
,
267
,
274
face 36
health 214
,
235
,
239
,
241 –245 309
,
319
,
321
,
329
opinion polls 191
reality 36
sphere 2
,
8
,
11
,
190
,
253
,
254
,
258
,
264
Publication 46
,
219
,
323
,
325
,
346
‘publish or perish’ 256
of scientific results 219
publishing 105
,
140
,
265
,
315
scientific 218
,
219
Qigong 143
Qing dynasty 2
Quantification 232
,
235
Quantitative 146
,
232
,
292
,
315
,
332
Queen 18
,
19
,
21
Race 233
human 33
racial 8
,
59
Racism 233
,
269
Randomness 210 –214 223
embracing 223
the verdict of chance 223
Rational choice 36
,
77
,
256
theory 36
,
77
Rationalism 312
Rationality 137
,
188
pre-rational 33
rationalisation 36
Rawlsian
liberalism 170
,
171
,
180
Realism 59
,
71
Reality 30
,
64
,
68
,
70
,
74
,
78
,
81
,
85
,
92
,
101
,
125
,
126
,
132 –134 143
,
144
,
158
,
190
,
199
,
203
,
210
,
216
,
219
,
232
,
248
,
294
,
324
,
334
multiple realities 68
physical 62
private 36
public 36
societal 12
Real-life problem 327
,
328
,
334
Reason 19
,
31
,
34
,
36
,
43
,
59
,
62
,
75
,
76
,
86
,
100
,
131
,
137
,
140
,
143
,
147
,
162
,
171
,
172
,
182
,
187
,
188
,
200
,
222
,
228
,
258
,
288
,
289
,
294
,
306
,
312
,
318
,
321
,
324
Recession, the Great 192
Reductionism 80
,
231
,
334
reductionist approach 232
Reflective equilibrium 170
Reformation 147
,
149
,
157
of machismo 147
,
149
Relation
causal 34
,
58
,
62
,
63
,
61
,
64
,
65
,
69
,
74
,
78
,
79
,
330
friendship 63
micro-macro 61
,
63
,
70
part-whole 63
relational structure 59
,
64
,
70
social relationships 79
,
248
,
270
Relativism 29
,
78
,
254
,
257
,
258
Religion 4
,
41
,
87
,
89
,
90
,
91
,
93
,
98
,
102 –108 123
,
130
,
133
,
137
,
140
,
142 –144 147 –149 151
,
157
,
159
,
163
,
248
,
250
,
255
,
276
,
274
,
318
,
319
future of 140
great world –s 2
,
11
history of 97
,
140
implicit 141
,
143
,
148
Religiosity 103
,
143
,
144
,
147
,
159
,
274
Religious 85
,
89 –108 113
,
117
,
122
,
127
,
133
,
142
,
140 –149 154
,
156
,
157
,
159 –161 163
,
241
,
255
,
272
,
274
,
340
belief 97
communities 85
,
92
,
143
,
144
,
147
,
148
,
149
,
156
developments 140
future 141
,
146
milieus 148
movements 92
,
122
,
143
,
144
orientation 143
,
146
,
157
practice 141
trends 148
Representations 61
,
64
,
73
,
75
,
243
,
259
collective 73
,
74
,
76
individual 73
Reproduction 5
,
212
,
265
,
270
Republic 7
,
30
,
35
,
166
,
205
,
214
Republican 34
,
280
Research
curiosity-driven 23
,
279
,
292
,
294 –297
cutting-edge 6
,
9
,
317
institutions 2
,
276
,
314
object 270
,
276
practice of 276
trial and error in 217
,
221
Researcher 144
,
215
,
253
,
258
,
259
,
263
,
266 –268 274 –276 315
,
322
,
334
Responsibility 68
,
94
,
104
,
108
,
187
,
204
,
211
,
213
,
219
,
223
,
237
,
258
,
268
,
307
,
325
,
345
Revolt 100
,
192
,
200
Revolution 96
,
147
,
160
,
162
,
192
,
194
,
195
,
198
,
199
,
200
,
202
,
205
,
238
,
245
,
262
,
264
,
265
,
269
,
277
,
285
,
291
,
300
,
315
,
350
Copernican 166
cultural 315
information 311
Iranian 161
political 331
Russian Spring 194
therapeutic 245
revolutionary 93
,
161
,
204
,
254
,
268
,
269
,
274
,
280
Rhetoric 124
,
140
,
142
,
196
,
218
,
221
,
223
rhetorical 30
Risk 6
,
36
,
37
,
71
,
195
,
214
,
218
,
221
,
225
,
244
,
246
,
248
,
261 –263 265
,
266
,
275
,
276
Roman antiquity 7
Rome 34
Rules 4
,
25
,
31
,
71
,
76
,
78
,
80
,
102
,
111
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
162
,
169
,
209
,
227
,
239
,
259
,
262
,
276
absence of 276
for regulating social interaction 169
Safavids 2
Salvation 137
,
228
Sanskrit 7
,
93
,
108
Scepticism 9
,
79
,
217
sceptical 29
,
79
Scholarly discipline 5
,
291
Science
1
,
2
,
4 –9 11
,
12
,
24
,
29
,
45
,
57
,
61 –63 69
,
72
,
140
,
153
,
232
,
250 –259 261 –270 272 –277 302
,
313
,
320
,
330
,
331
,
334 –337
control mechanisms of 217
errors in 217
human –s 5 –7 9 –12 43
,
45
,
231
natural –s 1
,
9
,
158
,
216
,
266
,
270
,
302
,
311
,
331
,
334
,
336
,
337
-s of man 259
Scientific
breakthrough 215
imagination 36
,
217
Scientists 6
,
9
,
21
,
25
,
41
,
45
,
64
,
69
,
144
,
159
,
190
,
218 –221 248
,
252
,
259
,
261
,
262
,
267
,
269
,
272 –274 279
,
290
,
293
,
294
,
296
,
330
,
331
computer 25
Sectarianism 159
,
160
,
161
,
163
,
269
Secularism 85 –93 95 –97 99
,
101
,
103
,
105
,
108
,
163
,
274
modern 85
,
86
,
90
,
98
Secularization 140
,
141
,
144
,
146
,
149
,
151
,
157
,
159
,
274
political secularity 91
post 157
post-secular society 141
secular state 86
,
89
Segregation 60
,
62
Self 25
,
40
,
43
,
49
,
144
,
166
,
227
,
233
,
235
,
237 –239 290
as the unconscious 224
,
238
inner self 233
,
238
self-creation 40
selfhood 237
self-interest 30
,
345
self-organized behaviour 25
transcultural inner 233
Selfishness 24
,
34
Sentiments 93
,
124
cult of 34
Sexuality 31
,
34
,
114
,
212
,
270
Simulation 62 –64 224
agent-based 62
,
63
,
65
computer 62
,
63
,
224
Sincerity 62
Slavery 96
,
108
,
262
slaves 30
,
31
,
134
Social
actor 257
arrangements 19
,
35
construction 30
context 67
,
70
,
76
,
232
,
233
facts 71 –74 76
,
77
,
79
,
80
,
256
insects 22
,
25
institutions 95
,
215
,
225
,
318
,
344
interaction 77
,
153
,
180
,
223 –225 295
life 73
,
80
,
222
,
224 –226 248
,
254
,
270
,
272
,
276
media 193
,
195
,
201
,
226
,
243
milieu 142
,
143
,
147
network 62
,
63
,
195
,
199
,
203
,
226
,
243
,
244
,
264
norms 67
,
77
,
78
,
80
,
169
,
170
,
180
process 59
,
64
relation 34
,
40
,
43
,
46
,
49
,
59
,
79
,
100
,
103
,
153
,
154
,
158
,
237 –239 245
,
248
,
270
stratification 60
union 172
,
178
,
179
,
181
Social choice theory 170
Social cogs and wheels 58
,
70
Social science 1
,
2
,
4 –12 24
,
29
,
45
,
57
,
61 –63 67
,
69
,
72
,
140
,
153
,
232
,
248
,
250 –259 261 –270 272 –276 290
,
302
,
312
,
313
,
320
,
330
,
331
,
334 –337
Socialisation 28
,
44
over-socialised 35
,
36
sociality 34
,
40
,
46
,
47
,
49
,
78
Socialism 188
,
266
,
267
Society
an individual in 44
,
46
,
48
capitalist 36
,
263
,
320
civil 163
,
262
,
308
,
343
commercial 34
democratic 308
,
330
,
340
,
343
good 169
,
180
human nature and 30
,
34
,
35
human 302
isolation from 113
,
119
nature and 9
,
18
,
30
,
40
,
329
primitive 236
Socio-biology 270
Socio-centrism 48
Sociology 4
,
5
,
9
,
10
,
18
,
33
,
35
,
57
,
59
,
60
,
65 –67 70
,
80
,
149
,
153
,
154
,
158
,
252 –254 256 –258 262
,
270
,
276
,
277
,
319
,
335
sociologist 28
,
222
,
257
,
267
,
318
Sophists 29
,
30
South Africa 165
,
174
,
256
South, the 244
Sparta 34
Spiritualism 143
Spirituality
east Asian 144
individualistic 144
State
city-state 34
,
114
,
287
nation-state 7
,
13
,
129
,
132
,
154 –157 161 –163 165
,
253 –255 256
,
287
secular 86
,
88
,
89
,
92
Statistics 9
,
146
,
187
Stoic 30
Structuralism 43
,
52
,
231
,
254
,
265
Structure 5
,
32
,
41
,
58
,
59
,
70
,
93
,
104
,
133
,
157
,
158
,
203
,
244
,
304
,
307
,
342
Subject 28
,
30
,
32
,
35
,
41
,
43
,
98
,
166
,
174
,
213
,
217
,
239
,
241
,
257
,
258
,
304
,
305
,
318
,
320
,
328
,
333
,
342
Subjectivity 43
,
254
,
256
,
257
Suicide 60
,
65
,
125
,
242
Superorganism 233
Supervenience 60 –63 68
,
72
,
73
Supranational institutions 165
Sustainability 23
,
329
sustainable development 273
System
academic 295
medical 232
party 165
,
318
of objects 263
physical 31
,
334
political 165
,
180
,
190
,
192
,
268
,
312
social 311
the – 205
,
314
transformational 40
,
43
Taboo 140
,
261
,
272
,
274
Tabula rasa 32
Tea Party, the 191
Teaching 5
,
133
,
134
,
232
,
259
,
276
,
286
,
291
,
296
,
306 –309 311
,
315 –318 320 –329 333 –335 338
,
340
,
342
,
344
macinhe 286
peer-to-peer 316
,
338
research and 4
,
273
,
296
,
309
Technology 21
,
216
,
218
,
250
,
267
,
303
,
311
,
312
,
314
,
318
,
338
,
344
technological sciences 6
Temporality 4
,
224
,
227
Thailand 192
,
193
,
198 –200 205
Theocracies 318
Theory/theories 68
,
69
,
159
,
180
,
217 220
,
231
,
232
,
235
,
236
,
250
,
312
,
324
,
331
,
335
,
336
anthropological 234
and reality/facts 37
,
210
,
217
,
219
,
220
and practice 328
biological 235
,
236
chaos 331
,
332
democratic 166 –170 175 –180 182
,
195
evolutionary 36
,
335
Freud’s – of the self 236
,
237
Lombroso’s 36
Marxist 55
of justice 100
,
170
,
180
,
269
of karma 125
partial 231
,
312
Pasteurian 235
Piaget’s 43
Political 160
,
182
,
195
,
319
rational choice 36
,
56
,
77
Ross’ 171
social choice 170
sociological 62
,
294
universal 232
,
312
Thinking
dialectical 311
,
312
epistemic 312
linear 312
,
330
non-linear 323
,
331
,
336
Time
pyramid of 43
temporality 4
,
224
,
227
time-space geography 10
timing 222 –226 228
Tokugawa shogunate 2
Topologies of networks 60
Totalitarian 35
,
144
,
262
,
319
Tradition 2
,
10
,
18
,
86
,
90
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
98 –100 102
,
109
,
112
,
116
,
122
,
123
,
141 –42 148
,
153
,
171
,
211
,
212
,
259
,
268
,
277
,
287
,
290
,
296
,
305
,
311
,
321
Transcendence 111
,
148
Transformation 2
,
14
,
32
,
41
,
43
,
44
,
46
,
52
,
125
,
128
,
130
,
133
,
154
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
163
,
198
,
209
,
218
,
234
,
235
,
245
,
248
,
254
,
265
,
279
,
283
,
284
,
289
,
300
,
312
,
316
Traveling salesman problem 25
Tribe 112
,
233 –235
tribal unit 31
,
233
Truth, the 29
,
127
,
198
,
219
,
237
,
248
Tuberculosis 241
,
320
Tunisia 191
,
264
Twins 212
Type/token distinction 68
Tyranny of the majority 178
,
181
Uncertainty 209 –213 215
,
218
,
220 –228 242
,
330
,
343
embracing 215
,
222
,
223
,
224
,
225
temporality of 224
,
227
Unconscious, the 233
,
237
,
238
Unemployment 190
,
200
unesco (United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization) 5
,
275
Universalism 7
,
153
,
155
,
157
,
159
,
161
,
163
,
233
,
240
,
243
,
256
,
257
,
258
,
273
,
302
,
312
,
314
,
318
,
320
local 153
,
158
,
302
,
320
non- 320
University/ies
American universities 5
,
293
,
296
,
340
European universities 279
,
282
,
308
,
309
,
340
German universities 12
,
287
mass universities 310
,
322
post-disciplinary 7
research universities 12
,
288 –290 294
,
296
,
322
,
340
Western universities 318
Upanishad 102
,
120
Urbanization 20
,
273
urban life 233
Utilitarianism 171
,
175
,
180
hedonistic 175
preference 175
Utilitarian 180
,
288
,
297
Utopia 180
,
187
,
274
Utopian 30
,
157
Vakavanua 47 –49
Vakailavo 48
Value 12
,
52
,
89
,
90
,
98
,
109
,
113
,
116
,
122
,
124
,
125
,
142
,
144
,
165
,
182
,
246
,
257
,
302
,
310
,
312
,
315
,
349
change 144
civic 325
instrumental 64
,
182
value-free 302
,
312
Vehicle routing problem, the 25
Victory 111
,
129
,
131
,
165
,
191
,
201
,
224
Violence 12
,
77
,
108
,
109
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
131
,
132
,
134
,
137
,
140
,
142
,
151
,
200
,
255
,
256
,
262
,
270
,
274
non-violence 96
,
108
,
109
,
112
,
114
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
122
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
132
,
134
,
136
,
137
,
140
,
143
Virtual
anatomy 232
communities 156
,
157
,
163
Virtue 28
,
34
,
42
,
71
,
114
,
221
Vote 165
,
167
,
168
,
169
,
173
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
187
,
188
,
189
,
190
,
192
,
196
,
197
,
199
,
202
,
205
voters 187
,
188
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
197
,
204
Voting 165
,
167
,
174
,
176 –178 180
,
181
,
187
,
188
,
189
,
191
,
192
,
198
,
204
,
330
online 196
power 176
rights 165
,
167
,
174
,
178
,
181
War 4
,
8
,
31
,
67
,
102
,
113
,
116
,
122 –128 131
,
133
,
134
,
153
,
189
,
191
,
224
,
231
,
233
,
235
,
239
,
252 –255 280
,
287 –289 292
,
345
armed conflict 116
,
123
,
319
Cold 189
,
239
Vietnam 252
World - i 189
World - ii 4
,
8
,
67
,
153
,
287
,
288
,
292
Weber thesis, the 61
Well-being 31
,
103
,
165
,
170
,
173
,
175
,
203
Will
collective 68
free 40
,
213
Women 19
,
30
,
46
,
47
,
92
,
94
,
103
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
113
,
146
,
157
,
161
,
255
,
274
Workers 18
,
241
,
244
,
248
,
253
,
262
,
263
,
270
,
271
mechanical 31
modern 1
,
11
,
12
,
35
,
36
,
89
,
289
,
291
,
303
of nature 302
social 37
,
58
,
62
,
71
,
222 –224 249
Western 60
,
147
Worship 91
,
93
,
94
,
98
,
101
,
102
,
110
,
135
,
136
Xenophobia 142
Youth 144
the young 47
,
49
,
187
,
188
,
190
,
304
,
344 –345
Zeitgeist 225