Figures
5.1 Gilded belt set from the round turret in Mogorjelo 75
5.2 Gilded belt strap discovered near the round turret in Mogorjelo 75
5.3 The strap-end with zoomorphic ornaments from Medvedička (Novo Virje – south of the river Drava in Pannonia) 76
5.4 Bronze gilded strap-end decorated with zoomorphic motives, and decorated belt-strap with quadrilateral rosette from Sipar near Novigrad/Cittanova 77
5.5 Circular shield-shaped bronze fibula, also from Sipar with partly preserved blue, green and red Champlevé enamel 77
5.6 The Tetgis belt buckle from the castrum in Gornji Vrbljani 78
5.7 Map of localities with finds of metal artefacts and stone sculptures with zoomorphic ornaments in ‘Tetgis style’ 79
5.8 The comparative drawings of the ornaments and letters from the Vrbljani belt-strap and Tassilo’s Chalice 80
5.9 The Censer from Cetina 80
5.10 Bronze shield boss from a round shield found in Breza near Sarajevo 81
5.11 Warriors with round shields and Carolingian weapons on fragments of altar screen from Pridraga, near Zadar 82
5.12 The building from Breza, so-called Breza II 83
5.13 Reliefs from Breza II 84
5.14 The drawings of graffiti from the column from Breza II building 85
5.15 Bilimišće-Zenica: column capital decorated with bird-headed snakes and the fragments of altar screen. Biskupija-Crkvina: fragment of small column 85
8.1 Istria around 800, with the Roman roads, the late antique diocesis, Carolingian churches and settlements 138
8.2a Novigrad, crypt, plan 139
8.2b Aquileia, crypt, plan 140
8.3a Novigrad, ciborium 141
8.3b Cividale, ciborium of patriarch Calixto 142
8.4 Sv. Lovreč, plan 143
8.5 Bale, cadastral plan, 1820 144
8.6 Gusan, excavated zone, aerial view 145
8.7 Dvigrad, plan 146
8.8 Stari Gočan, plan of the excavated area 147
8.9 Guran, schematic plan of excavated zones, situation 2012 148
8.10 Guran, plan of the northern walls, phases I and II 149
8.11 Bale, Santa Maria Alta, reconstruction 150
8.12 St Thomas near Rovinj 150
8.13 Bale, sarcophagus, 8th century 151
8.14 Single nave churches in Istria with three apses 151
8.15 Single nave churches in Istria with three apses on the transept 152
9.1 Sisak – Late Avar decorative horse brass (phalera) 164
9.2 Belišće Zagajci: cremation burials, Grave 5 164
9.3 Belišće Zagajci: cremation burials, Grave 22 165
9.4 The winged spear from the vicinity of Dugo Selo 166
9.5 Stari Perkovci – Debela Šuma – an early medieval elongated-oval structure 167
9.6 Stari Perkovci – Debela šuma: fragments sj 022 167
9.7 Lobor, ground plan 168
9.8 Timber church in Lobor – North side 169
13.1 Child burials of the earliest phase of the graveyard around the Church of the Holy Cross (Sv. Križ) in Nin 260
13.2 Child burials of the later phase of the graveyard around the Church of the Holy Cross (Sv. Križ) in Nin 261
13.3 Child burials within the graveyard around the chapel discovered in the Outer Town of Pliska 262
13.4 Child burials inside and outside the chapel discovered in the Outer Town of Pliska 263
13.5 Child burials inside the biritual cemetery excavated in Bdinci 264
13.6 Child burials inside the biritual cemetery excavated in Kiulevcha 265
13.7 Child burials inside the cemetery excavated in Ablanica 266
13.8 Child burials inside the cemetery excavated in Mishevsko 267
14.1 Map showing the location of San Vincenzo al Volturno, and the location of the Biferno and Volturno valley field surveys 277
14.2 A hypothetical plan of San Vincenzo al Volturno in the later 8th century (Phase 3c) 278
14.3 Plan of San Vincenzo al Volturno in Phase 4, ca. 800, showing the named buildings in the monastery 279
14.4 Plan of San Vincenzo al Volturno in Phase 4, showing the two principal thoroughfares 280
14.5 Plan of San Vincenzo al Volturno in Phase 5a1, ca. 830–840 281
14.6 Plan of San Vincenzo al Volturno and its borgo in Phase 5a2, ca. 840–850 282
14.7 Plan of San Vincenzo al Volturno in Phase 5a2, ca. 840–850 283
14.8 A map showing San Vincenzo al Volturno’s 9th-century estates in southern Italy 284
14.9 The 9th-century stuccoed chapel B in the cave sanctuary of Olevano sul Tusciano 285
14.10 An escutcheon for an Irish hanging bowl found in the river Volturno 286
Tables
10.1 Historiography on Gottschalk’s account of Dalmatia, 1932–2012 172
10.2 Željko Rapanić’s interpretation of Gottschalk’s account of Dalmatia 174
10.3 Selection of documents containing tranpersonal phrases, issued by the Byzantine emperors from the Macedonian dynasty 179
10.4 The report of Theodore, bishop of Catania, on the embassy to Rome from 785 194
10.5 Imperium and Regnum in Gottschalk’s account of Venetia and Dalmatia 197
10.6 The phrases τὸ κράτος and τὸ κράτος ἡµῶν in De Cerimoniis 200
10.7 The phrases ἡ βασιλεία and ἡ βασιλεία ἡµῶν in De Cerimoniis 208