Index
0.05 g event
423
A-4 (V-2) SRBM
2, 18, 24, 254, 255, 256, 286–287
AAM see air-to-air missile
Aaronson, Michael
106
ABM see anti-ballistic missile
ABM Treaty
397, 398
Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space see United Nations, Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
Adams, Eric
57, 190
ADIZ see Air Defense Identification Zone
Advanced Composition Explorer satellite
97
Aerodynamic lift
35, 88, 92, 106, 113–119, 133, 135, 138–140, 142, 145–151, 154–155, 157, 158, 163, 179–180, 268, 312, 330, 382–383, 393, 417, 421, 456, 459, 464
Aerodynamic lift theory
423, 495
Aerodynamic practical limit
113, 423
Aerospace object
29–30, 78–79, 207, 265–266, 330–337, 342, 344, 345, 420, 439–441, 457, 459–462, 461.
aerospace plane, ASSET, BOR-4, BOR-5, Dream Chaser, high-lift space vehicle, Hermes, HL-20, HOPE, HOTOL, lifting body, Mnogorazovaya Kosmicheskaya Sistema, Sänger, Space Shuttle, space transportation system, spaceplane, X-20 Dyna-Soar, X-23, X-24, X-30 National Aerospace Plane, X-37, X-38
Aerospace Objects, Questionnaire on Possible Legal Issues with Regard to see United Nations, Questionnaire on Possible Legal Issues with Regard to Aerospace Objects
Aerospace plane
336fn91, 447.
aerospace object, ASSET, BOR-4, BOR-5, Dream Chaser, high-lift space vehicle, Hermes, HL-20, HOPE, HOTOL, lifting body, Mnogorazovaya Kosmicheskaya Sistema, Sänger, Space Shuttle, space transportation system, spaceplane, X-20 Dyna-Soar, X-23, X-24, X-30 National Aerospace Plane, X-37, X-38
Aerostatic buoyancy
157–164, 217, 251, 380, 419, 423, 456
Aerostatic buoyancy equation
159
Aerothermodynamic Elastic Structural Systems Environmental Tests
255, 461
AFI 11-402
126, 311fn6.
astronaut badge
AFR 35-13
127.
astronaut badge
AFR 60-13
127.
astronaut badge
AGM-86 cruise missile
383
Agreement Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Notifications of Launches of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles and Submarine-Launched Ballistic Missiles (1972)
289
Agreement Governing the Activities of States on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies see Moon Agreement
Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space (1968) see Rescue Agreement
Air Defense Identification Zone
405, 406
Air Force Instruction 11–402
126, 311fn6.
astronaut badge
Air Force Regulation 35–13
127.
astronaut badge
Air Force Regulation 60–13
127.
astronaut badge
Air Route Traffic Control Center
463
Air traffic control
464–467
Air-launched anti-satellite missile
380, 382
Airship
157–161, 466
Air-to-air missile
380–381, 384, 386
ALASAT
380, 382
Almond, Harry H.
327
Ambrosini, Antonio
82, 134–135
Angle of attack
124, 148–150, 153–155, 180, 252, 253, 336fn90, 383
Ansari X Prize
29, 128–129
Anthropocentrism (outer limits)
483–489
Anti-ballistic missile
380–382, 385, 383
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (1972)
445
Anti-satellite weapon
120, 121, 263, 278, 385, 386, 395
Apoapsis
185fn69, 284
Apogee
126, 166, 191–194, 198–199, 261, 284–285, 297–298
Apollo spacecraft
52, 102, 253–254, 275, 277, 335, 337, 352, 353, 360, 431, 462
Apollo 10 spaceflight
353
Apollo 13 spaceflight
300
Apollo 14 spaceflight
125
Apollo 18 spaceflight
300
Approach and Landing Tests, Space Shuttle
258–259
AR 600-8-22
311fn8.
astronaut badge
Arbitrary altitude range
423
Arbitrary boundaries, dual
84–93
Arbitrary boundary range
83–84
Arbitrary single boundary
80–83, 423, 495
Argument of periapsis
248, 293, 295
Army Ballistic Missile Agency
256
Army Regulation 600-8-22
311fn8.
astronaut badge
ARTCC
463
ASAT see anti-satellite weapon
Ascending node
248, 295, 355
Ascending node, longitude of
248, 295
ASSET
255, 461
Astronaut badge
127, 427, 430, 495, 423
ATC
464–467
Atlantis OV-104 spacecraft
339–340, 341
Atlantis STS-36 spaceflight
339–340, 341, 355, 356
Atlantis STS-117 spaceflight
356
Atlas ICBM
69, 289
Atmospheric physics theory of delimitation
99–104, 423, 495
Aurora aircraft
81
B-1 Lancer aircraft
384
B-2 Spirit aircraft
385
B-17 Flying Fortress aircraft
104–105
B-52 Stratofortress aircraft
271, 278, 383
B-58 Hustler aircraft
382–383
Bajkal (OK-GLI, OK-1K1, OK-2K1) spacecraft
274, 330
Ballistic carrier rocket
275, 278, 279, 343, 441, 453
Barrett, Raymond J.
172, 200, 429fn17
Beatty, Millard F.
139
Beaumont, K.M.
10
Becker, Loftus
Major Aspects of the Problem of the Outer Space (1958)
105–106
United States Foreign Policy and the Development of Law for Outer Space (1959)
213
Benkö, Marietta
Definition/Delimitation of Outer Space and Outer Space Activities Including Problems Relating to the Free (“Innocent”) Passage of Spacecraft through Foreign Airspace for the Purpose of Reaching Orbit and Returning to Earth, The (1993)
5, 341, 245
Essential Air and Space Law (2013)
260–262, 332, 328, 345, 354, 464, 467
Beresford, Spencer M.
Future of National Sovereignty, The (1960)
15, 240
Basis of East-West Agreement on the Use of Space, The (1959)
213
Beyond Earth orbit see Earth orbit and/or beyond
Binnie, Brian
128–129
Biological theory of delimitation
104–105, 423
Bion space vehicle
347–348
Bittencourt Neto, Olavo de Oliveira
328
Bizony, M.T.
14
Blunt body
336–337, 356, 462.
low-lift space vehicle
Böckstiegel, Karl-Heinz
176
Boeing 307 Stratoliner aircraft
105
Boeing 707 aircraft
434
Boeing 747 aircraft
258
Bogotá Declaration
41–47, 55, 78, 206, 315, 319
Bookout, Hal H.
132, 133, 142, 145
BOR-4 space vehicle
335, 337, 354, 360, 363
BOR-5 space vehicle
337
Bota, L.
419
Boundaries (Gadsden Treaty, 1853)
54
Boundaries (Oregon Treaty, 1946)
53
Bridge, Robert L.
133, 328
BU60–1 balloon
164, 403
Buenos Aires Resolution (1968)
172, 204, 407
Buffer zone
88–90, 93.
Contiguous zone (atmospheric), Intermediate zone, Mesospace, Neutralia, tri-zonal theory, zonal theory
Bumper 1 flight
254, 255
Bumper 3 flight
254, 255
Bumper 7 flight
254
Bumper 8 flight
254
Buoyancy, aerostatic see aerostatic buoyancy
Buran OK-1K1 spacecraft
274, 342, 343, 345, 346, 354, 469, 497
Burnt Frost
263
Carrier rocket, ballistic
275, 278, 279, 343, 441, 453
Casserino, Frank
311fn4
Causby decision (1946)
8–10, 36
Centrifugal force
113, 133, 135, 138–140, 142, 145–148, 150–155, 175, 183
Centrifugal force equation
150
Challenger OV-099 spacecraft
273, 311fn5, 340fn98, 345, 355
Challenger STS-41G spaceflight
345, 355
Challenger STS-51L spaceflight
311fn5, 340fn98, 356fn197
Charter of the United Nations (1945)
57, 372, 420
Article 2
258
Article 51
258, 369, 387, 396, 444–445
Chaumont, Charles
214, 241
Cheng, Bin
Extra-Terrestrial Application of International Law, The (1965)
390
From Air Law to Space Law (1960)
84, 105
Law of International Air Transport, The (1962)
49
Legal Regime of Airspace and Outer Space, The: The Boundary Problem: Functionalism Versus Spatialism: The Major Premises (1980)
53, 54, 60, 77, 177, 244–245, 325–326, 407, 412
Legal Status of Outer Space and Relevant Issues, The: Delimitation of Outer Space and Definition of Peaceful Use (1983)
24, 49, 416fn56
Recent Developments in Air Law (1956)
84, 100, 118
Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation (1944)
85, 105, 109–110, 238, 305, 323, 374, 376, 401, 407, 424, 425, 434, 440, 442, 443, 444, 446, 459
Annex 2
466
Annex 7
50, 56, 113, 117, 157, 163, 260, 268, 272, 275, 276–278, 428, 453, 455
Article 1
8, 15, 23–24, 48, 312, 394
Article 3
50, 366
Article 5
366
Article 12
437–438
Article 37
448
Article 54
448
Article 90
449
China, alleged sovereign claim to outer space
121–122
Christol, Carl Q.
“Innocent Passage” in the International Law of Outer Space (1965)
119
International Law of Outer Space, The (1966)
85, 111, 132, 324–325, 396
Modern International Law of Outer Space, The (1982)
42, 206–207
Review of The Never Ending Dispute: Delimitation of Air Space and Outer Space, by Robert F.A. Goedhart (1977)
417
Civil Aviation Administration of China
470
Cocca, Aldo
176
Columbia OV-102 spacecraft
122–123, 154fn, 155, 274fn33, 330fn56, 340fn98
Columbia STS-1 spaceflight
122
Columbia STS-3 spaceflight
356
Columbia STS-4 spaceflight
311fn5
Columbia STS-107 spaceflight
123
Committee on Space Research
175, 182–190, 448
Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space see United Nations, Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space
Condemning the Launching by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea of a Ballistic Missile in Violation of Japanese Air Space, and for Other Purposes (H. RES. 526, 2008)
75–76
Conference on Disarmament, United Nations see United Nations, Conference on Disarmament
Constellation program
462
Constitution of the United States
10
Contant-Jorgenson, Corinne
181, 433
Contiguous zone (atmospheric)
86, 93, 168, 170, 211, 237, 388, 400, 402–404, 412, 418.
Buffer zone, Intermediate zone, Mesospace, Neutralia, tri-zonal theory, zonal theory
Contiguous zone (maritime)
90, 315, 388, 401
Convention Establishing a Frontier between the Airspace above the Territories of States and Outer Space (1972)
424
Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects see Liability Convention
Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques (1976)
220, 372
Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (1992)
103
Convention on the Transfer and Use of Data of Remote Sensing of the Earth from Outer Space (1978)
221
Convention Relating to the Distribution of Programme-Carrying Signals Transmitted by Satellite (1974)
220
Conventional solution theory
38–41, 422
Cooper, John Cobb
Air Law: A Field for International Thinking (1951)
373–374, 421
Annex to the Report of the Air Law Committee of the International Law Association (1960)
118–119
Background of International Public Air Law (1965)
395, 389–390, 421–422
Chicago Convention and Outer Space, The (1962)
86
Contiguous Zones in Aerospace: Preventive and Protective Jurisdiction (1965)
86, 422
Espace Navigable et Satellites (1958)
86
Flight—Space and Satellites (1958)
109
Fundamental Questions of Outer Space Law (1960)
387
Height at which a Satellite May Be Put in Orbit—that is, Unpowered Flight at Least Once Around the Earth (1958)
421
High Altitude Flight and National Sovereignty (1951)
12, 24, 82, 373, 94, 421, 480
International Air Navigation Conference, Paris, The, 1910 (1952)
31, 47
Legal Problems of Spacecraft in Airspace (1964)
119, 422
Legal Problems of Upper Space (1956)
434
Letter to the Editor, The New York Times (2 September 1957)
167
Passage of Spacecraft through the Airspace—The Upper Limit Boundary Question (1963)
398
Problem of a Definition of “Air Space,” The (1958)
114–115, 132, 168, 376, 421
Russian Satellite, The: Political and Legal Problems (1957)
22, 168
Upper Airspace Boundary Question, The (1964)
398, 421
COPUOS see United Nations, Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space
Corona (Discoverer, KH-1, WS-117L) space vehicle
18, 171
COSPAR
175, 182–190, 448
Croxton, Derek
63
CST-100 Starliner spacecraft
333
Damrosch, Lori Fisler
32, 309–310
Dana, Bill
127
Danilenko, Gennady M.
Boundary between Air Space and Outer Space in Modern International Law: Delimitation on the Basis of Customary Law, The (1988)
178
Custom as a Source of International Law of Outer Space (1985)
327
Dauses, Manfred A.
424
Davies Memorial Institute of International Studies
268
De Jager, C.
158, 173, 404, 418
De la Lapradelle, Paul
10
Declaration of Guiding Principles on the Use of Satellite Broadcasting for the Free Flow of Information (1972)
473
Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Uses of Outer Space (1963)
52, 247, 265, 269, 321, 472
Declaration of Legal Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Uses of Outer Space (1963)
Principle 2
20
Principle 8
230–231
Declaration of the First Meeting of Equatorial Countries see Bogotá Declaration
Defense Support Program satellite
288–289
Definitive Treaty of Peace between the Unites States of America and His Britannic Majesty (1783)
53
Delimitation
6.2 statute miles
84
10 kilometers
84
12 nautical miles
80–81
13.8 statute miles
80–81
20 to 50 statute miles
83
22 kilometers
80–81
30 statute miles
83
31 statute miles
82
32.2 to 80.5 kilometers
83
37.3 statute miles
81, 83
39.8 to 62.1 statute miles
84
48.3 kilometers
83
49.7 statute miles
81
49.7 to 55.9 statute miles
84
50 and 150 statute miles
87
50 kilometers
82
50 statute miles
126–130, 139, 156
52 statute miles
130–134, 145–146
55 and 100 statute miles
88
57 statute miles
145–146
60 kilometers
81, 83, 135–136
60 statute miles
81–82, 84, 86
62 statute miles
128, 136, 145, 156
62.1 to 93.2 statute miles
84
64 to 100 kilometers
84
68.4 statute miles
82
75 and 600 statute miles
87
80 kilometers
81, 139
80 to 90 kilometers
84
84.5 and 241.4 kilometers
87
88.5 and 160.9 kilometers
88
90 kilometers
135, 145, 156
96.6 kilometers
81–82, 84, 86
100 and 5,000 statute miles
87
100 kilometers
128, 136, 145, 156
100 nautical miles
82, 83
100 statute miles
170
100 to 150 kilometers
84
110 kilometers
82
115 statute miles
82, 83
120.7 and 965.6 kilometers
87
124.3 to 186.4 statute miles
84
155 statute miles
82
160.9 and 8,046 kilometers
87
160.9 kilometers
170
185.2 kilometers
82, 83
186.4 statute miles
82
200 to 300 kilometers
84
250 kilometers
82
250 statute miles
82
300 kilometers
82
300 to 500 statute miles
84
310 to 610 statute miles
84
402.3 kilometers
82
482.8 to 804.6 kilometers
84
498.9 to 981.6 kilometers
84
650 statute miles
82
1,046 kilometers
82
4,030 statute miles
83
6,685 kilometers
83
7,000 statute miles
82
11,265 kilometers
82
21,000 statute miles
83
32,810 feet
84
33,794 kilometers
83
73,000 feet
80–81
105,600 to 264,000 feet
83
158,400 feet
83
164,100 feet
82
196,900 feet
81
196,900 feet
83
210,000 to 328,100 feet
84
262,500 feet
81, 139
262,500 to 295,300 feet
84
264,000 feet
130fn46
275,000 feet
145–146, 156
290,400 to 528,000 feet
88
295,300 feet
135
300,000 feet
145–146, 156
316,800 feet
81–82, 84, 86
328,100 to 492,200 feet
84
360,900 feet
82
528,000 feet
170
607,600 feet
82, 83
656,200 to 984,300 feet
84
820,200 feet
82
984,300 feet
82
Dembling, Paul G.
43, 327
Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
68–77, 208, 257, 368
Denning, Alfred Thompson
61–62, 203–204
Diederiks-Verschoor, Isabella Henrietta Philepina
178–179, 428, 438
Direct Television Broadcasting Resolution (1982)
247, 265
Discoverer (Corona, KH-1, WS-117L) space vehicle
18, 171
Discovery OV-103 spacecraft
340fn98
Distinction theory (functional approach)
423
Dodge, Michael S.
133, 134
Dolman, Everett
133
Dornberger, Walter
2, 286–287
Douglas, William O.
9
DPRK see Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Draft Paris International Convention on Air Navigation (1910)
31, 47, 374
Draft Space Delimitation Convention
490–495
Annex 1
452, 468
Annex 2
453–458
Article 1
425–432
Article 2
432–437
Article 3
437–446
Article 4
446–449
Article 5
449
Article 6
449–451
Article 7
451
Article 8
451
Article 9
451
Article 10
452
Draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space and of the Threat or Use of Force Against Outer Space Objects (2008)
496–497
Draft World Treaty Banning Space-Based Weapons
81, 82
Drag coefficient, induced
124
Drag equation, induced
149
Dragon V2 spacecraft
333, 335, 337
Dream Chaser spacecraft
326, 335–336, 337, 354, 457, 461
Dryden, Hugh L.
141
DSP satellite
288–289
Dual arbitrary boundaries
84–93
Dvina (R-12, SS-4 Sandal) MRBM
383
Dvina (S-75, SA-2 Guideline) SAM
375, 382, 383
Dyna-Soar see X-20 Dyna-Soar spacecraft
Earth orbit and/or beyond
67, 96, 165–166, 248, 268, 280–280, 287–289, 302, 315, 372, 392–393, 397, 404, 430, 442
Eccentricity, orbital
45, 183–186, 189, 198, 199, 248, 295–296
Effective control theory, equal
91, 373–380, 384, 386, 394, 403, 411, 421–423, 429–430, 494
Effective control theory, unequal
31–36, 37, 91, 373–374, 423, 495
EKS
298
Emin, V.G.
420
Enterprise OV-101 atmospheric test vehicle
50fn7, 258–259, 273–274, 277
Entry interface, NASA
120–124, 319, 423
Entry Interface, Russian
125
Equatorial sovereignty
41–47, 422, 494
Equatorial states
41, 43, 46
Escape velocity
94, 141, 142, 143, 282–283, 292
European Council Directive 94/58/EC
478
European Union, Common Military List of the European Union
316
Exit altitude
357–359
Exosphere
102
Explorer 1 satellite
256, 285, 321
F-15 Strike Eagle aircraft
263, 278
Falcon 9 launch vehicle
279
Fanhui Shi Weixing spacecraft
337, 351, 360
Faraday, Michael
476–477
Fawcett, J.E.S.
81
FB-111 Aardvark aircraft
384
Federal Air Transport Agency, Russian
469
Federal Aviation Administration, United States
469
Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
134, 137, 138
Fédération Aéronautique Internationale line
423
Feldman, George J.
211
Fengyun 1C satellite
385
Finch, Edward R., Jr.
327
Fiorio, Franco
x
Fisheries, Boundary, and Restoration of Slaves (1818)
53
Fitzmaurice, Gerald
364
Flight Information Region
468, 469
Flight progress strip
463, 464
Foton space vehicle
347–348
Fractional orbital bombardment system
230, 272, 288–289, 293, 294
Free space path loss
162
Freedom 7 spaceflight
290.
Mercury-Redstone 3
Functional security theory
422, 423
Gabrynowicz, Joanne Irene
316
Gál, Gyula
Air Space and Outer Space (1961)
171, 377, 139, 148, 215–216, 230, 234
Elements of Space Law in the Hungarian Legal System (1998)
314
Légitér és Villágür (1960)
234
Space Law (1969)
11, 35, 37, 99–100, 218–220, 378
Gallagher, Michael G.
133
Galloway, Eilene
389
Gambit (KH-8) space vehicle
186, 190, 198, 357fn202
Gangale, Thomas
43
Gardner, Richard N.
25, 229, 429fn17
Gas law, ideal
158
Gebhard, Jürgen
5, 245, 341
Gemini 3 spaceflight
352
Gemini 6A spaceflight
352–353, 378, 379
Gemini 7 spaceflight
378, 379
Gemini 8 spaceflight
353
Gemini Malfunction Detection System
257, 289–290
Gemini spacecraft
102, 256, 257, 263, 289–290, 333, 336fn92, 335, 352, 353, 360
General relativity
107
Geostationary orbit
41, 46, 47fn53, 56, 91fn57, 107–108, 162, 206, 207, 219, 243, 270, 294–296, 298, 306, 315
Geosynchronous orbit
42, 44, 45, 222, 294–298, 300, 306–307
Gerd Rinck
480
Gerhard, M.
133
Gladstone, William
476–477
Glenn, John
352
Global navigation satellite system
391
Global Positioning System
43, 110
GNSS
391
Goedhart, Robert F.A.
84, 417
Goedhuis, Daniel
Air Sovereignty and the Legal Status of Outer Space (1958)
105
Some Observations on the Problem of the Definition and/or Delimitation of Outer Space (1977)
8, 55–56, 174–175, 243–244, 387, 396–397, 404–405, 495–496
Report to the International Law Association at Brussels (1962)
328
Goodman, Theodore W.
35–36, 120–121
Goralczyk, Wojciech
177
Gorove, Katherine M.
28, 179, 345, 420–421, 439, 441, 492
Gorove, Stephen
34, 112, 131–132, 176, 327, 393–394
Gorshkov, Sergej
66
Gravitational equation, Isaac Newton
98–99
Gravitational sphere of influence
94–99
Gravitational theory of delimitation
94–99, 423
Griffin, R.
14
Grissom, Virgil
290, 417
Gross, Franz
483
GSO see Geostationary orbit
Guideline (SA-2, S-75 Dvina) SAM
375, 382, 383
Haanappel, Peter P.C.
Aerospace Plane: Analogies with Other Modes of Transportation, The (1990)
327
Definition of Outer Space and Outer Space Activities (1977)
56, 60, 132, 411–412, 418
Haley, Andrew G.
141, 144, 129–131, 134, 135–138
Basic Concepts of Space Law (1956)
13
Basic Concepts of Space Law: 1. The Unmanned Earth Satellite (1955)
210
Law of the Space and Outer Space, The (1960)
136
Space Exploration: The Problems of Today, Tomorrow and in the Future (1959)
130, 134, 137
Space Law and Government (1963)
x–xi, 132
Space Law—Basic Concepts (1956)
33, 324fn14
Space Law—The Development of Jurisdictional Concepts (1958)
132, 138
Survey of Legal Opinion on Extraterrestrial Jurisdiction (1961)
134
Halstead, C. Brandon
138, 291, 292, 295, 301–302, 305–306, 413, 416–417, 482
HAPS
161–163
Harris, David J.
82, 84
Helios airplane
119, 163, 403
Hermes spacecraft
28, 78, 331, 457, 460, 497
Herszeg, Istvan
176
Hervy, J.
48
Hexagon (KH-9) space vehicle
198, 333, 357fn202
Hickman, John
485–486
High altitude nuclear detonation
226, 306, 403
High altitude platform station
161–163
High L/D space vehicle
336, 363, 369–371, 403, 408, 411, 461, 464, 467, 469, 471.
high-lift space vehicle
High-lift space vehicle
79, 332, 336, 353–357, 456, 457.
High L/D space vehicle
High-lift space vehicle (definition)
456
Hildred, William
212–213
HL-20 spacecraft
337, 354
Hobe, Stephan
133, 252, 253
Hogan, John C.
84, 479
Homburg, Robert
225–226, 239, 241
HOPE spacecraft
28, 78, 331, 457, 460, 497
Hosenball, S. Neil
176
Hot pursuit
88–90
HOTOL space vehicle
28, 78, 331, 455, 457, 460, 497
Huber, Max
63–64, 386
Hudson, Manley O.
310, 320, 367
Hurwitz, Bruce
49
Hybrid approach
389–423
Hyde, Charles Cheney
479
Hyman, William A.
31, 83, 86–87, 117, 132, 167, 428, 434, 437, 454
HyperSoar aircraft
459–460
ICAO see International Civil Aviation Organization
ICBM
71, 131, 167, 168, 257, 277, 282, 287, 289, 292–294, 385
Ikeda, Fumio
111
Inclination, orbital
45
Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System
298
Inertia
139–140, 145–149, 183, 198, 293, 308, 332, 426, 452
Innocent passage
3, 21, 71, 78, 87–89, 163, 322–324, 326–327, 329, 338, 340, 367–368, 385, 393, 400–404, 424fn2, 433–437, 462, 464, 467.
right of overflight
Instantaneous impact point
283
Inter-American Bar Association
86, 428, 429
Intercontinental ballistic missile
71, 131, 167, 168, 257, 277, 282, 287, 289, 292–294, 385
Interim Agreement between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on Certain Measures with Respect to the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms
288
Intermediate range ballistic missile
287
Intermediate zone
423, 454.
Buffer zone, Contiguous zone (atmospheric), Mesospace, Neutralia, tri-zonal theory, zonal theory
International Astronautical Federation
137–138
International Civil Aviation Organization
2, 3, 13, 80, 85–86, 113, 138, 326, 440, 444, 446, 448, 467, 468, 471, 491
Draft Brief for the ICAO Observer to the Legal Sub-Committee of the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (1986)
326
ICAO Doc. A40-WPj30, LE/I/2/3/5/6, 40
13
Outer Space Sovereignty Agreement Needed (1956)
2
Paris Convention of 1910, The: The Path to Internationalism
47
International Cooperation Resolution (1961)
284, 287, 472, 473
International Court of Justice, Statute of the
40–41
International Geophysical Year
16, 18, 19
International Law Association
172, 176, 182–183, 200, 204, 407
Draft Guidelines on a Model Law on National Space Legislation
250
Report of the 53rd Conference, Helsinki (1967)
390
International Space Station
159, 355
International Telecommunication Union
270–271, 482
IRBM
287
IRNSS
298
Island of Palmas Case (Netherlands v. United States, 1928)
63–64, 386
Ito, Atsuyo
345
Jacobellis v. Ohio (1964)
242
Jacobini, H.B.
14–15, 34, 211–212
Jasentuliyana, Nandasiri
International Space Law and the United Nations (1999)
446–447
Lawmaking Process in the United Nations, The (1992)
447
Jastrow, Robert
170
Jenks, Wilfred
13
Jennings, R.Y.
81
Jessup, Phillip C.
49
Johnson, John A.
Freedom and Control in Outer Space (1964)
414–415
Future of Manned Space Flight and the ‘Freedom’ of Outer Space, The (1961)
396
Johnson, Rodney W.
132
Joseph A. Walker
127
Joseph Kroell
480
Jupiter C launch vehicle
255–256
Jupiter MRBM
69, 287
Kármán line see Von Kármán line
Kazakhstan
314
KC-135
460fn4
Kelly, Elizabeth
328
Kelsen, Hans
32, 35
Kennedy, John F. Inaugural Address (1961)
57
Kennedy, John F. Moon Speech—Rice Stadium (1962)
68
Kepler, Johannes, laws of orbital motion
44, 191, 303
Keplerian elements
248–249
Kerrest, Armel
328
KH-1 (Corona, Discoverer, WS-117L) space vehicle
18, 171
KH-8 (Gambit) space vehicle
186, 190, 196,357fn202
KH-9 (Hexagon) space vehicle
198, 333, 357fn202
Kincheloe, Iven C.
133, 145, 152
Kish, J.
418
Knauth, Arnold W.
108
Knievel, Evel
284, 417
Kometa space vehicle
348, 360
Kopal, Vladimír
Introduction to Space Law, An (2009)
179
Issues Involved in Defining Outer Space, Space Object and Space Debris (1991)
178
Some Considerations on the Legal Status of Aerospace Systems (1994)
327
What Is “Outer Space” in Astronautics and Space Law? (1967)
415
Question of Defining Outer Space, The (1980)
7, 42, 177–178, 276–277, 353, 392, 399
Two Problems of Outer Space Control: The Delimitation of Outer Space and the Legal Grounds for Outer Space Flights (1960)
214, 483
What Is “Outer Space” in Astronautics and Space Law? (1967)
171–172
Korabl’ Sputnik 2 spaceflight
346–347.
Vostok spacecraft
Korabl’ Sputnik 4 spaceflight
347.
Vostok spacecraft
Korabl’ Sputnik 5 spaceflight
347.
Vostok spacecraft
Korea, Democratic People’s Republic
68–77, 207–208, 257, 368
Korean Air Lines Flight 007
435
Korovin, E.A.
221
Kosmos 186 spaceflight
379.
Soyuz spacecraft
Kosmos 188 spaceflight
379.
Soyuz spacecraft
Kosmos 1374 spaceflight
354.
BOR-4 space vehicle
Kosmos 1445 spaceflight
354.
BOR-4 space vehicle
Kosmos 1517 spaceflight
354, 469.
BOR-4 space vehicle
Kosmos 1614 spaceflight
354, 469.
BOR-4 space vehicle
Kroell, Joseph
Eléments Créateurs d’un Droit Astronautique (1953)
95, 239
Traité de Droit International Public Aérien (1934)
7
Kuhfeld, Albert M.
215
L/D ratio see lift/drag ratio
Lachs, Manfred
Law of Outer Space: An Experience in Contemporary Law-Making, The (1972)
8
Freedom of the Air: The Way to Outer Space (1992)
327
International Law of Outer Space, The (1966)
110, 111, 132, 481–483
Law of Outer Space, The: An Experience in Contemporary Law-Making (1972)
77, 94, 132, 158, 201–202, 363–364, 366–367
The International Law of Outer Space (1966)
484–485
Lagrangian point
96–98, 332
Lal, Bhavya
328
Lála, Petr
181, 433
Lamb, Robert D.
317
Langston, Sara M.
313
Larsen, Paul B.
138
Lasswell, Harold D.
35, 96, 104, 109, 110, 126, 132, 134, 136, 203, 204, 217–218, 234, 323fn11, 315, 483
Latchford, B.S.
15
Launch vehicle (definition)
283
Lay, S. Houston
35, 83, 84, 132, 375, 410
Le Goff, Marcel
104
Leeder, Guinevere
60
Legal Subcommittee see United Nations, Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space, Legal Subcommittee
Lemoine, Maurice
10, 241, 209, 239
Ley, Willy
111
Liability Convention (1972)
48, 206, 231, 247, 262, 264, 265, 270, 280, 300, 314, 329, 413–414, 425, 442, 443, 453, 446, 456, 458
Liberty Bell 7 spaceflight
290.
Mercury-Redstone 4
Lift equation
148
Lift, aerodynamic see Aerodynamic lift
Lift/drag ratio
150, 335–337, 348–349, 352, 356, 363, 369–371, 403, 408, 411, 445, 456–467, 461, 464, 467, 469, 471
Lifting body
336fn91, 337, 354, 524
Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963)
220, 225
Lipson, Leon
114–115, 211, 234, 240, 387, 481
Lissitzin, Oliver
176
Little Joe rocket
275, 277
Little Joe 2 spaceflight
277–178
Little Joe II rocket
253–254, 275, 277
Lodico, Yvonne
42
Lommelen, Joachim
328
Longitude of ascending node
248, 295
Lorentz factor
107
Low L/D space vehicle
356, 369, 408.
Low-lift space vehicle
Lowest perigee theory
92, 106, 139, 165, 171, 173–174, 176, -179, 181, 196, 198, 201, 203–206, 217, 281, 314, 379, 390–393, 402, 412, 418, 419, 421–423, 428–430, 495
Lowest recorded perigee
171–172, 190–197, 199–200, 204, 207, 277, 279, 281, 392–393, 400–401, 406, 408, 426–427, 429, 430, 452, 455, 495
Low-lift space vehicle
333, 336, 346–353, 457.
Low L/D space vehicle
Low-lift space vehicle (definition)
457
Lunar Prospector lunar probe
284
Lyall, Francis
138
Lycklama à Nijeholt, J.F.
37
Lynx spacecraft
455
LZ 38 airship
159.
Zeppelin
MacGibbon, I.C.
365
Machiavelli, Niccolò
429–430
Magna Carta of Space
86–87, 428, 437
Magno, Pompeo
269–270
Man in Space Soonest program
311fn4
Mandl, Vladimir
7, 24, 100, 118
Manned Orbiting Laboratory program
257, 311fn4
Markov, Marko G.
242, 419
Masson-Zwaan, Tanja L.
327
Mateesco Matte, Nicolas
60, 107, 140, 237, 238, 241, 378, 409–410
McDougal, Myres S.
Artificial Satellites: A Modest Proposal (1957)
479
Law and Public Order in Space (1963)
35, 96, 104, 109, 110, 126, 126, 132, 134, 136, 203, 204, 217–218, 234, 323fn11, 315, 483
Perspectives for a Law of Outer Space (1958)
114–115, 211, 234, 240, 387, 481
Remarks on International Air Law (1958)
212
McDougall, Walter A.
16–18, 19
McDowell, Jonathan
191–194
McKay, John B.
127
McNamara, Robert
256
Medium range ballistic missile
287, 383
Melvill, Michael W.
128–129
Menter, Martin
Astronautical Law (1959)
213–214
Status of International Space Flight (1980)
328
Mercury-Atlas 6 spaceflight
352
Mercury-Redstone 3 spaceflight
417, 290
Mercury-Redstone 4 spaceflight
417, 290
Mercury spacecraft
254, 275, 277, 278, 289, 290, 337, 352, 360
Mesospace
399, 403–409, 411, 412, 418, 428, 432, 442, 437, 438, 490–491.
Buffer zone, Contiguous zone (atmospheric), Intermediate zone, Neutralia, tri-zonal theory, zonal theory
Mesospace Information Region
468–471
Mesosphere
101–102
Meyer, Alex
Critical Remarks on Recent Discussions Concerning Legal Problems of Outer Space (1958)
110
Legal Problems of Flight into the Outer Space (1952)
13
Recht im Weltraum (1960)
101, 102
MiG-105 aircraft
274
Milde, Michael
11
Mile, nautical vs. statute
125–126
MILPERSMAN 1210–020, Naval Astronaut Designation
311fn7
MIM-14 Nike Hercules
386
Mir space station
169, 343, 350, 355
Mnogorazovaya Kosmicheskaya Sistema
274, 298, 335, 330, 332, 337, 341, 342, 343, 345, 346, 354, 360, 363, 441, 457, 461
OK-1K1 Bajkal
330fn56
OK-1K1 Buran
274fn33, 330fn56, 341, 354, 433, 440
OK-1K2
330fn56
OK-2K1 Bajkal
330fn56
OK-GLI Bajkal
274
Moby Dick, Operation
160–161
Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States (1933)
44
Moon Agreement (1979)
206, 265, 305, 442, 446, 456, 458, 486–487
Article 1
477, 482
Article 3
220, 221
Article 16
449
Article 17
451
Article 19
450, 451
Article 20
451
Article 21
452
Morenoff, Jerome
49
Moynihan, Daniel Patrick
222
MRBM
287, 383
Murphy, Richard T., Sr.
37, 111
Mushkat, Marion
132
National Aerospace Plane see X-30 National Aerospace Plane
National legislation
Australia, Space Activities Act (1998)
312–313
Austria, Rule of the Air
312
Belgium, Law on the Activities of Launching, Flight Operations or Guidance of Space Objects (2005)
314
Colombia, Political Constitution
315, 319
Denmark, Lov om aktiviteter i det ydre rum
313
Hungary, Act No. 97 of 1995 on the Air Traffic
314, 319
India, Special Chemicals, Organisms, Materials, Equipment and Technologies (SCOMET) Export of Which Is Regulated, Appendix 3 to Schedule 2 of ITC (HS) Classifications of export and import items
316fn31
Israel, Definitions of Terms Used in These Lists (2008)
316fn31
Malaysia, Guideline for HS code: Strategic Item under Strategic Trade Act (2010)
316fn31
Malta, Military Equipment (Export Control) Regulations (2002)
316fn31
Netherlands, Law Incorporating Rules Concerning Space Activities and the Establishment of a Registry of Space Objects
250
Netherlands, Space Activities Act
315
Russia, Law About Space Activity
329
Russian Federation, Law on Space Activities, Article 2 (1993)
250
Singapore, Strategic Goods (Control) Act (Chapter 300), Strategic Goods (2013)
316fn31
South Africa, Space Affairs Act (1993)
314
United States, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 14, section 401.5
282–284
United States, Code of Federal Regulations, Title 15, section 799.1 Supp. 3.
318fn35
United States, Federal Aviation Regulations Part 91.113. Right-of-way rules: Except water operations
441
United States, Federal Aviation Regulations Part 91.159. VFR cruising altitude or flight level
124fn24
United States, H. RES. 526, Condemning the Launching by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea of a Ballistic Missile in Violation of Japanese Air Space, and for Other Purposes (2008)
75–76
United States, H.R. 2977, Space Preservation Act of 2001
81
United States, H.R. 3616, Space Preservation Act of 2002
81
United States, H.R. 3657, Space Preservation Act of 2003
82
United States, H.R. 2420, Space Preservation Act of 2005
82
National Transportation Safety Board
444
Nautical mile
125–126
Navstar Global Positioning System
43, 110, 392
Netherlands v. USA (Island of Palmas case, 1928)
63–64
Neutralia
87, 428, 434, 454.
Buffer zone, Contiguous zone (atmospheric), Intermediate zone, Mesospace, tri-zonal theory, zonal theory
New Horizons interplanetary probe
280
Newton, Isaac, gravitational equation
98–99
Newton, Isaac, laws of motion
312
Nightingale, Emily
328
Nihilism (outer limits)
473–478
Nike Hercules surface-to-air missile
35
No present need theory
49–52, 422
Norge airship
160
North American Air Defense Command
205, 426
North Korea see Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Nuclear Power Sources Resolution (1992)
166, 265, 247, 248
Nugraha, Ridha Aditya
328
Oberg, James
71, 73
Oceanic Information Region
468
Oduntan, Gbenga
54–55, 58–59, 61, 66, 87–93, 106, 114, 116–117, 120, 179, 180, 416, 434
OK-1K1 Bajkal space vehicle
330fn56
OK-1K1 Buran space vehicle
274fn33, 330fn56, 341, 354, 433, 440
OK-1K2 spacecraft
330fn56
OK-2K1 Bajkal spacecraft
330fn56
OK-GLI Bajkal aircraft
274
Operation Moby Dick
160–161
Oppenheim, Lassa
31
Orbit Law
291–308, 416–417, 423, 482
Orbit, geostationary see Geostationary orbit
Orbit, geosynchronous see Geosynchronous orbit
Orbit, sun-synchronous
339fn98
Orbital eccentricity see Eccentricity, orbital
Orbital elements
248–249
Orbital inclination
45
Orbital period
12, 45, 166,
Orbital velocity
283, 292
Orion spacecraft
52, 96–97, 254, 333, 335, 337, 432, 462
Orlets space vehicle
360, 348
Orr, Shannon H.
133
Osnitskaya, Galina A. (A. Galina)
Doctrine of International Law and the Conquest of Outer Space, The (1962)
221
International Law Problems and the Conquest of Space (1959)
38
On the Question of Interplanetary Law (1959)
376
Outer space (definition)
281–282
Outer Space Treaty (1967)
26, 43, 57, 165, 172, 174, 231, 247, 248, 262, 265, 284–285, 372, 407, 424, 425, 441, 456, 458, 484,
Article I
20–21, 29, 121, 386, 393, 408, 472, 486
Article II
26, 121–122, 386, 405, 432, 486
Article IV
57, 220, 242, 293, 369
Article V
266
Article VI
413
Article VII
260, 300
Article VIII
244, 413–414
Article IX
121, 293
Article XIV
450
OV-099 Challenger spacecraft
273, 311fn5, 340fn98, 345, 355
OV-101 Enterprise atmospheric test vehicle
50fn7, 258–259, 273–274, 277
OV-102 Columbia spacecraft
122–123, 154fn, 155, 274fn33, 330fn56, 340fn98
OV-103 Discovery spacecraft
340fn98
OV-104 Atlantis spacecraft
339, 340fn98, 341
Overflight, right of see right of overflight
Palmas, Island of (case)
63–64, 386
Pan American Convention on Commercial Aviation (1928)
322
Paris Conference (1910) see Draft International Convention on Air Navigation
Paris Convention Relating to the Regulation of Aerial Navigation (1919)
7, 11, 32, 35, 47, 100, 109–110, 189, 322, 374
Article 1
322
Article 15
322
Paris Draft International Convention on Aerial Navigation (1910)
31, 47, 117, 374
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963)
18, 71fn71, 220, 225
Peace of Westphalia (1648)
32, 63
Peace, Friendship, Limits, and Settlement (Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1848)
54
Peng, Ming-Min
13
Pepin, Eugene
210
Perek, Lubos
Remarks on Scientific Criteria for the Definition of Outer Space (1977)
392
Remarks on Scientific Criteria for the Delimitation of Outer Space (1976)
173
Scientific Criteria for the Delimitation of Outer Space (1977)
xi, 106–107, 132, 138, 149, 174, 481–482
Periapsis
185fn69, 248, 284, 295
Periapsis, argument of
248, 293
Perigee
106, 128, 158, 166, 168, 171–174, 176–179, 184, 186, 190–201, 204–207, 217, 277, 279, 281, 284–285, 390–393, 400–401, 406, 408–409, 411–412, 418–419, 421–422, 426–427, 429–431, 452, 455, 493–495
Perigee, lowest (theory) see lowest perigee theory
Perigee, lowest recorded see lowest recorded perigee
Period, orbital see Orbital period
Permanent Court of the International Justice
310
Peter P.C. Haanappel
56, 60, 132, 327, 404, 411, 418
Pioneer 1 lunar probe
261, 285, 282fn6, 287, 298–299
Pioneer 2 lunar probe
261, 287, 298
Pioneer 3 lunar probe
261, 282fn6, 285, 287, 298
Pioneer 10 interplanetary probe
280
Pioneer 11 interplanetary probe
280
Piradov, A.S.
420
Plescher, Engelbert
260–262, 332, 328, 345, 354, 464, 467
Pop, Virgiliu
477
Potter, Pitman B.
85
Poúlantzas, Nicholas M.
89–90
Pound, Roscoe
203–204
Powers, Francis Gary
118
Prevention of an arms race in outer space
445
Principles Relevant to the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space see Nuclear Power Sources Resolution
Progress space vehicle
333, 350
Protocol on Water and Health to the Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes (1999)
104
Quadri, Rolando
240
Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
296–298
Questionnaire on Possible Legal Issues with Regard to Aerospace Objects see United Nations, Questionnaire on Possible Legal Issues with Regard to Aerospace Objects
Quigg, Philip
132
QZSS
296–298
R-7 Semyorka (SS-6 Sapwood) ICBM
19
R-12 Dvina (SS-4 Sandal) MRBM
383
R-36-O FOBS
288–289, 294
RAE
168, 171, 192–193, 197, 205, 408, 426
Rankin, R. Thomas
82
RC-135 aircraft
434, 435
Red Bull Stratos balloon
163, 403
Redstone SRBM
18, 69, 255
Registration Convention (1975)
206, 246, 247, 248, 265, 280, 285, 288, 292, 314, 329, 413–414, 425, 442, 456, 458
Article I
264, 432, 453
Article II
166, 270, 277
Article IV
166, 284, 426
Article V
166
Article X
411–412
Rehm, G.W.
34, 34
Reijnen, Gijsbertha C.M.
Mesospace: The Region Between Airspace and Outer Space (1976)
158, 173, 404, 418
United Nations Space Treaties Analysed, The (1992)
338
Reinhardt, Dean N.
80, 117, 120, 273, 329, 459, 491
Reintanz, Gerhard
82
Relativity
107–108
Remote Sensing Resolution (1974)
247, 265
Res aliorum
488–489
Res communis
15, 22, 407, 428, 484, 488
Res nullius
22n64, 46, 407, 484, 488
Res trans captum
488–489
Rescue Agreement (1968)
245, 247, 265, 266–267, 414, 425, 442, 444, 446, 458
Article 5
329
Article 7
450
Resurs space vehicle
347–348
Reusable Space System see Mnogorazovaya Kosmncheskaya Sistema
Right of overflight
10, 17–19, 26, 30, 61, 70, 75, 76, 78, 161, 212, 321, 328, 342, 346, 351, 364–368, 414–415, 462.
Innocent passage
RIM-161 SM-3 Block IA/B46 anti-satellite missile
385
RIM-174 SM-6 ERAM anti-satellite missile
384
Rinck, Gerd
95
Rivoire, J.
82
Rome Convention on Damage Caused by Foreign Aircraft to Third Parties on the Surface (1952)
442
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
451
Rosenfield, Stanley B.
23, 93, 133, 492
Rothblatt, M.
28, 161
Royal Aircraft Establishment
168, 171, 192–193, 197, 205, 408, 426
Ryan, Cornelius
95–96
S-75 (Dvina, SA-2 Guideline) SAM
375, 382, 383
Saint-Alary, Roger
13
SALT 1
288
SALT 2
293
SAM
375, 380–381, 384, 396
Sandal (SS-4, R-12 Dvina) MRBM
383
Sänger spacecraft
28, 78, 331, 457, 460, 497
Sänger, Eugen
13, 135–136
Sanz Fernández de Córdoba, S.
137
Sapwood (SS-6, R-7 Semyorka) ICBM
19
SC-19 anti-satellite missile
385
Schachter, Oscar
Legal Aspects of Space Travel (1952)
13
Remarks on International Air Law (1956)
38
Who Owns the Universe? (1952)
33
Schrogl, Kai-Uwe
181, 433
Scientific and Technical Subcommittee see United Nations, Committee on the Peaceful Use of Outer Space, Scientific and Technical Subcommittee
Scifoni, Enrico
269–270
Seara Vázquez, Modesto
Cosmic International Law (1965)
483–484
Functional Regulation of the Extra-Atmospheric Space, The (1960)
132, 235–236, 240, 473–476
Security theory (functional approach)
422, 423
Sefchek, Paul
311fn4
Semimajor axis
99, 150, 152, 185fn, 191, 193, 248, 295, 300, 303–304
Semyorka (R-7, SS-6 Sapwood) ICBM
19
Shawcross, Christopher
10, 210–211
Shenzhou spacecraft
337, 352, 360
Shepard, Alan
125–126, 290, 417
Short range ballistic missile
18, 253
Single Space System
298
Sirius Satellite Radio
298
Skylab space station
106, 196
Skylon spacecraft
455
SLASAT
380, 382, 385
Sloup, George Paul
50, 67, 276, 277
Smirnoff, M.
48
Smith, Delbert D.
132
Smith, Patricia Grace
128, 129
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory satellite
97
Soyuz 1 spaceflight
349
Soyuz 5 spaceflight
349
Soyuz 7K-L1 spacecraft
431
Soyuz 11 spaceflight
350
Soyuz spacecraft
51, 333, 335, 337, 350–351, 352, 360
Soyuz MS-02 spaceflight
125
Soyuz MS-06 spaceflight
125
Space activities
9, 28, 42, 51, 52, 60, 209, 217, 218, 223, 224, 227, 230, 231, 233, 236, 241–244, 246–259, 261, 263, 271, 172, 275, 277, 278, 281, 286–287, 386, 372, 393–394, 397, 399, 411, 413, 414, 485 419–420, 439–442, 493–494
Space activity (definition)
453
Space Delimitation Convention, Draft see Draft Space Delimitation Convention
Space object
4, 42, 59, 165–166, 177–179, 182, 190–194, 299–201, 205, 207–208, 223, 241–242, 247–251, 260–261, 263–284, 286, 292, 302, 312–315, 325–329, 334, 363–366, 391–393, 395, 397–400, 409, 411–414, 416, 432–433, 442–443, 450, 452–454, 456, 485
Space object (definition)
453–454
Space Shuttle
29–30, 50, 51, 67, 78, 123–124, 147–148, 155, 253, 255, 276, 279, 290, 326, 330, 332, 335, 337, 342, 345, 346, 354–355, 356, 357, 360, 363, 384–385, 433, 438, 441, 456fn102, 457, 461, 462–463, 463, 467, 469fn38, 497
Approach and Landing Tests
258–259
OV-099 Challenger
273, 311fn5, 340fn98, 345, 355
OV-101 Enterprise
50fn7, 258–259, 273–274, 277
OV-102 Columbia
122–123, 154fn, 155, 274fn33, 330fn56, 340fn98
OV-103 Discovery
340fn98
OV-104 Atlantis
339–340, 341
STA-099
273
STS-1 Columbia
122
STS-3 Columbia
356
STS-4 Columbia
311fn4
STS-36 Atlantis
339–340, 341, 355, 356
STS-41G Challenger
345, 355
STS-51L Challenger
311fn4, 340fn98
STS-107 Columbia
123
STS-117 Atlantis
356
Space situational awareness
60
Space traffic management
433, 440, 463–468
Space transportation system
331, 464.
Mnogorazovaya Kosmicheskaya Sistema, Space Shuttle
Space vehicle
124, 146–147, 264–267, 269–270, 323–326, 329–334, 336–337, 345–346, 351, 353–355, 365–366, 368, 384–386, 406, 409–411, 438, 440–444, 446, 448, 456–458, 469
Space vehicle (definition)
456–457
Space vehicle, high-lift
79, 332, 336, 353–357, 456, 457.
High L/D space vehicle
Space vehicle, low-lift
333, 336, 346–353, 457.
see Low L/D space vehicle
Spacecraft
26, 265–269, 273–278, 326–329
Spacecraft (definition)
457–458
Spaceplane
336fn91, 455.
see aerospace object, aerospace plane, ASSET, BOR-4, BOR-5, Dream Chaser, high-lift space vehicle, Hermes, HL-20, HOPE, HOTOL, lifting body, Mnogorazovaya Kosmicheskaya Sistema, Sänger, Space Shuttle, spaceplane, X-20 Dyna Soar, X-23, X-24, X-30 National Aerospace Plane, X-37, X-38
SpaceShipOne spacecraft
28, 114, 128–129, 253, 258, 273, 278, 441, 455, 460fn11
SpaceShipTwo spacecraft
50, 272, 274fn36, 441, 444, 455, 456, 457
Spatialism (outer limits)
479–482
Special relativity
107–108
Spiral spacecraft
274
Sputnik 1 satellite
16, 19, 22, 34, 117, 168, 256, 285, 321
Sputnik 2 satellite
190, 199, 256, 285, 321
SR-71 Blackbird aircraft
81, 119, 153–154, 163, 253, 356, 380, 383, 491
SRBM
18, 253
SS-4 Sandal (R-12 Dvina) MRBM
383
SS-6 Sapwood (R-7 Semyorka) ICBM
19
STA-099 structural test article
273
Stark, John R.
33
START 1
294
State interest theory
36–38, 422
Statute mile
125–126
Statute of the International Court of Justice (1945)
40–41, 309
Stewart Committee
18–20, 256
Stewart, Potter
242
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
288
Stratosphere
101
Strughold, Hubertus
104–105
STS-1 Columbia spaceflight
122–123, 155
STS-3 Columbia spaceflight
356
STS-4 Columbia spaceflight
311fn4
STS-36 Atlantis spaceflight
339–340, 341, 355, 356
STS-41G Challenger spaceflight
345, 355
STS-51L Challenger spaceflight
311fn4, 340fn98
STS-107 Columbia spaceflight
123, 155
STS-117 Atlantis spaceflight
356
Suborbital rocket (definition)
283
Suborbital trajectory (definition)
283
Sun-Earth Explorer satellite
97
Sun-synchronous orbit
339fn98
Surface-launched anti-satellite missile
380, 382
Surface-to-air missile
375, 380–381, 384, 396
Sztucki, Jerzy
On the So-Called Upper Limit of National Sovereignty (1962)
216–217, 224–225, 227
Security of Nations and Cosmic Space (1961)
214–215
Some Preliminary Problems on the Legal Status of Space Objects: Name Definition and Classification (1965)
269
Tan Ce 1 satellite
195, 200–201, 427, 452
Taubenfeld, Howard J.
Controls for Outer Space and the Antarctic Analogy (1959)
49
Law Relating to Activities of Man in Space, The (1970)
35, 83, 84, 132, 375, 410
Outer Space: The “Territorial” Limits of Nations (1969)
132
Terekhov, Andrei D.
327, 329, 334–335, 345
Terra communis see Res communis
Terra nullius see Res nullius
Terrill, Delbert R.
21
Theraulaz, J.D.
48
Thermosphere
102
Thor IRBM
69, 287
Titan II ICBM
69, 257, 263, 289–290
Titan IIIC launch vehicle
140
Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water (1963)
71, 220, 225, 372
Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (1972)
397
Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Anti-Ballistic Missile Systems (1972) see Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (1972)
Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (1979)
293
Treaty Between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Reduction and Limitation of Strategic Offensive Arms (1991)
294
Treaty between the Unites States of America and the French Republic (1803)
53
Treaty of Amity, Settlement and Limits between the United States of America, and His Catholic Majesty (1819)
53
Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration of Outer Space, Including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (1967) see Outer Space Treaty
Tri-zonal theory
408, 423.
Buffer zone, Contiguous zone (atmospheric), Intermediate zone, Mesospace, Neutralia, zonal theory
Tronchetti, Fabio
328
Troposphere
101
True anomaly
248, 296
Tu-22M “Backfire” aircraft
384
Tu-160 “Blackjack” aircraft
384
Tymms, Frederick
212–213
U-2 Dragon Lady aircraft
18, 34, 118, 161, 375, 380, 383
UNCOPUOS see United Nations, Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
Unequal effective control theory
422
Uniform aerospace regime theory
47–48, 422
United Nations
Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
14, 16, 25, 134–135, 244, 375, 493–494
Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
26, 51, 173–174, 207, 227, 330–331, 370, 446
Algeria
343
Argentina
38–39, 51, 342
Austria
27, 51, 84
Azerbaijan
344
Belarus
343
Belgium
27, 51
Benin
343
Brazil
28, 51, 342
Canada
51
Chile
28, 39, 51, 342–343, 439
Colombia
51, 343, 439
Costa Rica
342
Czech Republic
342–343
Czechoslovakia
51
Ecuador
51, 342
Egypt
28, 51, 342–343
El Salvador
342
Fiji
342–343
Finland
332
France
39, 51, 250
Germany, Federal Republic of
51, 332, 333, 338–339, 440
Greece
342, 439, 440
India
439
Indonesia
51
Iran
51, 342
Israel
51
Italy
40, 333
Legal Sub-Committee
27, 202, 244, 250, 288, 335, 341
Libya
334, 344
Madagascar
342
Mexico
51, 342–343
Morocco
334, 342, 344
Netherlands
332, 342
Nigeria
51, 342–343
Pakistan
51, 343
Peru
20
Philippines
440
Poland
51
Question of the Definition and/or the Delimitation of Outer Space, The (1970)
113, 132, 149, 172–173, 202, 209, 223, 265–266
Question of the Definition and/or the Delimitation of Outer Space, The (1977)
27–28, 39–40, 48, 51, 113, 174, 243, 391, 415, 418–419, 420
Questionnaire on Possible Legal Issues with Regard to Aerospace Objects (1995)
265–266, 331–334, 337–339, 341–344, 420, 439
Romania
51
Russia
339, 341, 441
Scientific and Technical Subcommittee
27, 335
Slovakia
334, 342
South Africa
334, 342–343
Soviet Union
51, 416
Study on Altitudes of Artificial Earth Satellites (1976)
174
Sweden
51
Syria
342
Turkey
332, 334, 342, 343–344, 440, 441
Ukraine
334
United Kingdom
51
United States
28, 51, 68, 492–493
Venezuela
343
Yemen
342
Conference on Disarmament
227
First Committee, Verbatim Record of the Twelve Hundred and Eleventh Meeting, Report of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space
20
General Assembly Resolution 1721 (XVI)
280, 285, 287, 472
General Assembly Resolution 1884 (XVIII)
165, 220
General Assembly Resolution 1962 (XVIII)
20, 52, 230–231, 247, 265, 269, 321, 472
General Assembly Resolution 2222 (XXI)
244
General Assembly Resolution 47/68
166, 247
General Assembly Resolution 62/101
447
General Assembly Resolution 68/74
250, 251
General Assembly’s First Collective Debate on the Establishment of the Ad Hoc Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (1958)
14, 109
Office of Outer Space Affairs
452
Question of General and Complete Disarmament (1963)
220
Recommendations on Enhancing the Practice of States and International Intergovernmental Organizations in Registering Space Objects
447
Registry of Space Objects
190–192
Security Council
70, 72–73
Security Council Resolution 825
73
Security Council Resolution 1540
73
Security Council Resolution 1695
73
Security Council Resolution 1718
73
Security Council Resolution 1874
73
Security Council Resolution 1887
73
Security Council Resolution 2087
72
United Nations Charter see Charter of the United Nations
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982)
58, 203
Article 3
89, 231, 313
Article 18
88, 322, 323
Article 19
322, 323–324, 461–462
Article 33
402
Article 111
89
Part XII
104
United Nations Office of Outer Space Affairs
426
United States v. Causby (1946)
8–10, 36
Upper Information Region
468
USA 53 satellite
340
USA-193 satellite
385
Usable space
15
Usque ad coelum
8–11, 46, 121, 422, 473, 494
V-2 (A-4) SRBM
2, 18, 24, 254, 255, 256, 286–287
VA spacecraft
337, 360
Van Bijnkershoek, Cornelis
33, 34
Vanguard 1 satellite
169
Vanguard project
19, 256
Vanguard TV-3 satellite
256, 285
VBK-Raduga space vehicle
337
Vereshchetin, V.S.
327
Viking rocket
18
Vlasic, Ivan A.
35, 96, 104, 109, 110, 126, 126, 132, 134, 136, 203, 204, 217–218, 234, 323fn11, 315, 483
Volynov, Boris
349–350
Vomit Comet
460
Von Braun, Wernher
2, 18, 24, 256, 460fn11
Von Clausewitz, Karl
436
Von der Dunk, Frans G.
Delimitation of Outer Space Revisited, The: The Role of National Space Laws in the Delimitation Issue (1998)
413–414, 442, 495
Handbook of Space Law (2015)
346
Von Hanover, Welf Heinrich
Luftrecht und Weltraum (1953)
82
Problems in Establishing a Boundary between Airspace and Space (1958)
102–103
Von Kármán line
114, 120, 129–137, 141, 145–148, 151, 155–156, 157, 180, 273, 401, 423, 430
Von Kármán, Theodore
35, 120, 129, 134fn88, 141, 144–146, 148
Aerodynamic Heating—The Temperature Barrier in Aeronautics (1956)
143–144
Wind and Beyond, The (1967)
145
Von Zeppelin, Ferdinand Graf
158, 159.
Zeppelin
Voskhod spacecraft
360
Vostok 1 spaceflight
347
Vostok 2 spaceflight
347
Vostok 3 spaceflight
347
Vostok spacecraft
147, 290, 337, 346, 347–348, 360
Voyager 1 interplanetary probe
280, 476
Voyager 2 interplanetary probe
280
WAC Corporal upper stage
254
Warsaw Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to International Carriage by Air (1929)
322
Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies
120, 314, 316, 317–20
Wassenbergh, Henri A.
328, 368
Webb Space Telescope
97
Weber, Max
496
White Knight aircraft
253, 258, 278
White Knight Two aircraft
272, 455
White, Irvin L.
26–27, 325, 328
White, Robert M.
127, 145
White, Thomas D.
23, 259–260
White, Wayne N.
420
Williams, Maureen
176
Willisch, Jan
328, 338
Wilson, Curtis
139
World Space Preservation Treaty see Draft World Treaty Banning Space-Based Weapons
Worthman, Paul E.
21
Wright, Quincy
157
WS-117L (Corona, Discoverer, KH-1) space vehicle
18, 171
X-2 aircraft
133, 145, 152
X-15 spacecraft
114, 127, 140, 145, 146, 259–260, 273, 278, 441, 455
X-20 Dyna-Soar spacecraft
140, 255, 257, 311fn4, 337, 496
X-23 space vehicle
337, 461
X-24 aircraft
337
X-30 National Aerospace Plane
28, 78, 131, 331, 454, 457, 460, 496, 497
X-37 space vehicle
332–333, 335, 337, 357, 360, 363, 441, 445, 461
X-38 spacecraft
337
X-51 aircraft
131
XB-70 Valkyrie aircraft
382–383, 384
Xerus spacecraft
455
Yantar space vehicle
337, 348, 360
Zadorozhnyj, G.P.
Basic Problems of the Science of Cosmic Law, The (1962)
221
Искуственне Спутники и Международоые Право (1957)
117, 321fn5
Zenit
333, 347–348, 349, 363
Zeppelin
160.
Von Zeppelin, Ferdinand Graf
Zhukov, G.P.
International Status of Cosmic Space (1961)
221
Problem of the Definition of Outer Space, The (1967)
242
Zonal theory
93, 115.
Buffer zone, Contiguous zone (atmospheric), Intermediate zone, Mesospace, Neutralia, tri-zonal theory
Zond see Soyuz 7K-L1
Zond 5 spaceflight
351
Zond 6 spaceflight
351
Zond 7 spaceflight
351
Zond 8 spaceflight
351