Figures
1.1 The formalization of international adjudication also contributed to the development of a community of experts engaged in the interpretation of international law 10
1.2 ICJ activity by decade 20
1.3 Judges 24
1.4 Office of the President, picturing President Dame Rosalyn Higgins (the first woman appointed as a Judge, who also served as President between 2006 and 2009) 25
1.5 Office of the Registrar 26
1.6 The Peace Palace, in The Hague, is the home of the ICJ 29
2.1 States that appeared in case brought jointly but never as Applicant 51
2.2 View of the Great Hall of Justice 58
2.3 A preliminary objection file 67
2.4 Sealed judgment in Barcelona Traction 79
3.1 Bodies requesting advisory opinions 82
3.2 Floor plan in Continued Presence of South West Africa in Namibia 109
3.3 Sealed advisory opinion 118
5.1 States that appeared as Applicant more than five times 158
5.2 P5 appearing as Applicants 159
5.3 States that appeared as Respondent more than five times 160
5.4 States that appeared both as Applicant and Respondent 160
5.5 The more states appear as Applicant, the more they appear as Respondent, and vice-versa 161
5.6 Deposit of optional clause declaration does not affect preliminary objections 163
5.7 States that failed to renew, withdrew, or never filed optional clause declaration yet appeared as Applicant 164
5.8 Voting record of P5 on advisory opinion requests 167
5.9 States that submitted written statements but did not participate in oral hearings 168
5.10 States that filed preliminary objections more than once as Respondent 174
5.11 Trends in filing of preliminary objections 175
5.12 Non-appearing Respondents 176
5.13 Number of judges per state 189
Tables
3.1 Timeline of advisory proceedings 109
3.2 List of advisory opinions and requesting organs 118