Armed Albanian Resistance to the Hoxha Regime in Albania 1948â1953

Marenglen Kasmi

Jump to Content

Chapter 19 Armed Albanian Resistance to the Hoxha Regime in Albania 1948â1953

äºViolent Resistance

èèï¼

Marenglen Kasmi

Marenglen Kasmi
Search for other papers by Marenglen Kasmi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed

ç±»å:: ç« è

Page Range:: 426â445

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.30965/9783657703043_020

Purchase instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):

Price upon request

æ¾åè®¿é®ä»¤ç

Summary

As it sought to realise the external policy objectives of the US Government during these years â objectives that included the overthrow of the Soviet Government and the communist regimes in many Eastern European countries â the CIA believed that by training Albanians living in Western countries, who openly declared themselves to be anti-communist and ready to fight against the regime of Enver Hoxha, and by sending these exiles to Albania it would be possible to put an end to communist rule in the country.

The first signs of an (attempted) uprising and armed struggle against the installation of a communist regime in Albania were recognisable in early 1945. Armed anti-communist groups were formed, particularly in Northern and Northeastern Albania. Their objective was to overthrow the communist authorities and create the right conditions for an intervention in the country by Anglo-American forces. The communist regime reacted speedily and brutally in putting down such attempts. Several illegal political organisations were also active in Albania alongside these armed groups. In 1946 and 1947 state security forces got wind of the activities of such organisations. Many members were arrested and sentenced to death.

The operations against the regime of Enver Hoxha organised by the American CIA and the British secret service in Albania between 1949 and 1954 are amongst the most notable examples of an organised military attempt to overthrow a communist regime in Central and Eastern Europe, but they also represent one of the first cases of Western secret services training armed groups and then sending them into their home countries with the task of overthrowing a Soviet Bloc communist regime with the help of paramilitary forces.

According to this concept, Albanians who had left home during the war were to return to Albania and organise themselves into small armed groups. Their role was to whip up anti-communist emotions in their regions and provoke a popular uprising as a means of organising nationwide opposition to Hoxhaâs regime.

Experience shows, however, that a communist regime cannot be overthrown from outside unless this is favoured by the internal circumstances. One of the main reasons that the operation failed was the fact that most Albanians were not yet aware of the inhumanity of the regime of Enver Hoxha in Albania.

Summary in Albanian

Ne kuader te zbatimit te objektivave te politikes se jashtme te qeverise amerikane te ketyre viteve, ku nje nder keta objektive ishte edhe permbysja e qeverise sovjetike dhe regjimeve komuniste ne shume vende te Europes Lindore, CIA vleresonte se, nepermjet stervitjes dhe dergimit ne Shqiperi te shqiptareve qe ndodheshin ne Perendim te Europes, te deklaruar hapur si antikomuniste dhe qe ishin te gatshem te luftonin kunder regjimit te Enver Hoxhes, ishte e mundur qe te rrezohej pushteti komunist ne Shqiperi.

Qysh ne fillimvitin 1945 u shfaqen shenjat e para tÃ« kryengritjeve dhe luftÃ«s sÃ« armatosur kundÃ«r instalimit tÃ« regjimit komunist nÃ« Shqiperi. Sidomos nÃ« Veri dhe Verilindje te ShqipÃ«rise ishin krijuar grupe tÃ« armatosura antikomuniste. QÃ«llimi i tyre ishte pÃ«rmbysja e pushtetit komunist dhe krijimi i kushteve pÃ«r ndÃ«rhyrjen e forcave anglo-amerikane nÃ« Shqiperi. Regjimi komunist mori masa tÃ« shpejta dhe brutale, duke i asgjesuar kÃ«to lÃ«vizje. NÃ« ShqipÃ«ri vepronin krahas kÃ«tyre grupeve tÃ« armatosura edhe disa organizats politike ilegale. Por, ne vitet 1946â1947 Sigurimi i Shtetit e zbuloi veprimtarinÃ« e kÃ«tyre organizatave. Shume prej anetareve te ketyre organizatave u denuan me vdekje.

Operacionet e organizuara nga CIA amerikane dhe SIS britanik (British Secret Intelligence Service) kundÃ«r regjimit tÃ« Enver HoxhÃ«s nÃ« ShqipÃ«ri nÃ« vitet 1949â1954 pÃ«rben njÃ« nga rastet jo vetem mÃ« tÃ« veÃ§antÃ« nÃ« luftÃ«n e organizuar pÃ«r pÃ«rmbysjen e regjimeve komuniste nÃ« Europen Lindore e Qendrore, por po ashtu edhe nje nga rastet e para kur, sherbimet e fshehta perendimore stÃ«rviten dhe dÃ«rguan nÃ« atdheun e tyre grupe vendase tÃ« armatosur, pÃ«r tÃ« permbysur me grupe paraushtarake njÃ« regjim komunist brenda kampit sovjetik.

Sipas kÃ«tij koncepti, shqiptaret qÃ« ishin larguar nga ShqipÃ«ria gjatÃ« luftÃ«s, duhej tÃ« ktheheshin nÃ« ShqipÃ«ri me mbÃ«shtetjen e tyre dhe tÃ« organizuar nÃ« grupe tÃ« vogla tÃ« armatosura. Ata duhej tÃ« nxisnin nÃ« krahinat e tyre ndjenjat dhe te provokonin kÃ«sisoj revolta tÃ« mirÃ«fillta popullore, me qellim organizimin e njÃ« kryengritje tÃ« pÃ«rgjithshme popullore kundÃ«r regjimit te Hoxhes.

PÃ«rvoja tregoi se njÃ« regjim komunist nuk mund tÃ« rrÃ«zohej me shtysÃ« nga jashtÃ«, nÃ«se nuk situata e brendhsme nuk e favorizonte atÃ«. PÃ«rpos shumÃ« arsyeve qÃ« Ã§uan nÃ« dÃ«shtimin e kÃ«tyre operacioneve, njÃ« ndÃ«r arsyet kryesore ishte se shumica e shqiptarÃ«ve ende nuk e kishin njohur egÃ«rsinÃ« e regjimit tÃ« Enver HoxhÃ«s qÃ« po instalohej nÃ« ShqipÃ«ri.

å¼ç¨ä¿¡æ¯

Save
Cite
Email this content

Share Link

Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend
Email this content
or copy the link directly:

https://brill.edhh.ma/abstract/book/9783657703043/BP000025.xml
The link was not copied. Your current browser may not support copying via this button.

Link copied successfully

Violent Resistance

From the Baltics to Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe 1944â1956

ISBN:: 9783657703043

åºçç¤¾:: Brill | SchÃ¶ningh

å°å·åºçæ¥æ:: 25 Jun 2020

Subjects
- History
  - Modern History

Front Matter

Back Matter

ç»è®¡æ°æ®

	å¨é¨æé´	è¿å»ä¸å¹´	è¿å»30å¤©
æè¦æµè§æ¬¡æ°	2232	655	175
å¨ææµè§æ¬¡æ°	116	1	0
PDFä¸è½½æ¬¡æ°	136	1	0

African Studies	Education	Media Studies
American Studies	History	Middle East and Islamic Studies
Ancient Near East and Egypt	Human Rights and Humanitarian Law	Musicology
Art History	International Law	Philosophy
Asian Studies	International Relations	Religious Studies
Biblical Studies	Jewish Studies	Slavic and Eurasian Studies
Biology	Languages and Linguistics	Social Sciences
Book History and Cartography	Life Sciences	Theology and World Christianity
Classical Studies	Literature and Cultural Studies

Subjects

AppBar-Authors 2025

AppBar-Open Access 2025

AppBar-Product Information 2025

AppBar-Company 2025

AppBar-Contact 2025

Chapter 19 Armed Albanian Resistance to the Hoxha Regime in Albania 1948â1953

Summary

Summary in Albanian

å¼ç¨ä¿¡æ¯

Share Link

Violent Resistance

From the Baltics to Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe 1944â1956

ç®å½

ç»è®¡æ°æ®

ç»è®¡æ°æ®

Chapter 19 Armed Albanian Resistance to the Hoxha Regime in Albania 1948â1953

å¼ç¨ä¿¡æ¯

From the Baltics to Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe 1944â1956

ç»è®¡æ°æ®