Index

Kenneth J. Ruoff

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in Japan's Imperial House in the Postwar Era, 1945-2019

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Index

Page numbers for figures are in italics.

abdication :

of Akihito ,

281

283

291

294–95

297

327–38

;

and Hirohito ,

94–101

143–45

330

Abe Nobuyuki ,

Abe Shinzō ,

298

300

302

316

332–35

337–38

344–45

386n1

Abe Yoshishige ,

233

agriculture ,

299–300

310

AIDS ,

284

Aihara Ryōichi ,

150

Aikawa Katsuroku ,

182

Aiko, Princess ,

269–70

277–78

319–20

340–41

Aizawa Seishisai ,

Akagi Masao ,

120

Akahata (JCP newspaper) ,

251

Akao Bin ,

156

255

Akihito, Emperor ,

3–4

11–14

;

abdication of ,

327

329–36

338–39

339

;

annual birthday press conference ,

296

298

300

313

318

;

apologies by ,

135

164–68 passim

164

375n89

;

and backlash against the monarchy ,

254

257–59

259

;

as crown prince ,

143–45

;

emergence on the public stage as crown prince ,

226–35

227

;

as an emperor of the people ,

221

224–25

225

277

279–83

;

engagement and marriage to Michiko ,

235–40

238

245–46

349

;

enthronement ceremony for ,

194

;

establishment of a family ,

240–44

241–42

;

and gender roles ,

352

;

and the Heisei agenda ,

285–87

289–95

297

299

301–7

306

;

and imperial apology ,

153

158

161

163

;

and Inoue Kiyoshi ,

252–54

;

and Koizumi ,

244–47

;

and Matsushita’s “Emperor System of the Masses,”

247–52

;

and Michiko ,

165

257–58

259

265–70

265

271

287

288

;

and mixed messages ,

309

313–15

;

and “monarchy of the masses,”

216

261–71

266

;

and politics ,

110

115–16

120

125

134

;

and the Reiwa era ,

317–19

321

323

;

and symbolic monarchy ,

Akishino, Prince ,

266–67

278–79

309

316

321

328

339–40

343–44

Albert II, King ,

329

alignment, political ,

103

112

114

285

302–3

Amano Teiyū ,

75–76

Amaterasu (Sun Goddess) ,

218

Anesaki Kisaburō ,

122–23

Aoki Tamotsu ,

209

apologies for the war ,

12–13

135–38

153–68

262

293–94

304

349

Arai Yoshiyuki ,

211

aristocracy ,

26–27

106

230

235

250

258

270

class

;

commoner

Article

. see no-war clause

Asahi jānaru ,

184

191

Asahi shinbun ,

124

;

on Foundation Day ,

174

178

184

;

and postwar image of emperor ,

142

153–55

159

227

230

275

337

;

statement by the emperor in ,

374n80

Ashibe Nobuyoshi ,

162

Ashida Hitoshi ,

72–73

101–2

105

Ashikaga Takauji ,

Association of People Affected by Leprosy ,

289

Association of Shinto Shrines (Jinja honchō) ,

203

206–11 passim

334

380n116

381n129

;

and the emperor in politics ,

165–66

;

Foundation Day movement ,

172–74

188

192

194

199–202

212–13

353

Association to Celebrate Foundation Day (Kenkoku kinen no hi o iwau kai) . see Association to Celebrate the People’s Holidays (Kokumin no shukujitsu o iwau kai)

Association to Celebrate the People’s Holidays (Kokumin no shukujitsu o iwau kai) ,

192–93

Association to Celebrate the 2, 600th Anniversary (Kigen nisen roppyakunen hōshukukai) ,

359n53

360n58

Association to Protect Japan (Nihon o mamoru kai) ,

201–2

atomic bomb ,

138

142

295–96

awards ,

266n136

321

357n10

364n83–4

;

and abolition of prewar system ,

72–73

;

administration of ,

;

Golden Kite ,

23–24

357n10

;

imperial award system ,

23–24

;

Order of Culture ,

72–73

120

;

Order of Peace ,

;

Osaraji Jirō rondanshō ,

175

Awaya Kentarō ,

367n10

Baelz, Erwin ,

Bagehot, Walter ,

117

119

132–33

249–50

Banno Junji ,

bansei ikkei ,

18–19

301

bashing the imperial house ,

270

279–80

Battle of Okinawa ,

295–96

Beatrix, Queen ,

236

327–28

Belgium ,

153–54

317

327

329

Bellah, Robert ,

Bhutan ,

284

327–38

“bicycle monarchies,”

265

281

328

Bix, Herbert ,

97–98

136

356n6

Bolivia ,

309

brain trust ,

192

334

337

Brazil ,

274

309–10

312

323

Brenn, Bruce ,

231

383n28

Brenn, Harry ,

231

briefings, ministerial ,

109

283

315

351

358n36

Britain

;

Denmark

;

Spain

;

Sweden

Britain ,

130

135

137

153–54

161

167

227–28

231–32

262

362n38

;

and abdication ,

328–39

331–32

;

and emigration ,

310

;

links between monarchy and military in ,

315

;

and the Heisei era ,

281

284

288

290–91

;

as negative model for Japan ,

;

political institutions compared with those of Japan ,

116

126–27

133–34

168

248

260

270

284

316

328

;

as positive model for Japan ,

27–28

47–48

117

229

;

and the Reiwa era ,

320

324

326

;

relations of monarchy with people ,

218

230

247

281

291

326

Bubble Economy ,

273–75

Buddhism ,

191

301

325

Bunce, Dr. William K. ,

Bungei shunjū ,

115

118

181

280

Bunka kunshō (Order of Culture) ,

72–73

120

Byrnes, James F. ,

Cabinet ,

38–39

63–65

67–68

91–92

101

105

108

127–28

132

139

162–63

182

192

208–9

273

313

338

344

351–52

358n37

Cabinet Affairs Office ,

313

Cabinet Legislation Bureau ,

124

357n17

363n58

calendar ,

197–98

209

212

379n101

Canada ,

228

267

Cannadine, David ,

232

238

291

331

Carlos, King Juan :

and abdication ,

327

;

Akihito and ,

265

;

and briefings ,

128

;

and emigration ,

310

;

and the Franco regime ,

139–40

286

;

and the military ,

315

;

as symbol ,

317

Catalonia ,

317

center (chūshin), moral, spiritual ,

149

Chamberlain, B. H. ,

Chamberlain, Neville ,

Chamber of Commerce and Industry ,

206–7

Charles, Prince ,

288

315

324–26

children’s literature ,

306–8

China ,

38–39

49–50

105

131

164

166

168

187–88

196

274

282

293–95

311

357n9

Chinese Communist Party (CCP) ,

105

196

294–95

Chiyoda Palace (Chiyodajō) ,

239

Chūkai Nihonkoku kenpō (Annotated Constitution of Japan) ,

Chūō kōron ,

198

252

255

Churchill, Winston ,

231–32

circular petition method (kairanban hōshiki) ,

205

381n126

citizens’ councils (kenmin kaigi) ,

208

Citizens’ Federation for the Defense of the Constitution (Kenpō yōgō kokumin rengō) ,

citizenship ,

302

311–12

Citizens’ Movements Bureau ,

192

civil and religious groups ,

173

204

206

212–13

350

Association of Shinto Shrines

;

women

;

youth; and individual groups by name

Civil Information and Education Section, SCAP (CIE) ,

civil society ,

170

212

350

375n3

class, middle ,

235

237

243

247

250

268

352

aristocracy

climate change ,

322

Cohen, David ,

136

Cold War ,

273–74

collateral families ,

338

341–45

comfort women ,

160–61

294

302

375n85

Commentaries on the Constitution of the Empire of Japan (Itō Hirobumi) ,

Commission on the Constitution (Kenpō chōsakai) ,

86–87

150

363–64n73

Commission to Study the Imperial House Law ,

340

commoner (heimin) ,

221

247–48

234–35

237

244

250–51

254

270

342–43

352

aristocracy

communism ,

118

129

330

350

Chinese Communist Party (CCP)

;

Japan Communist Party (JCP)

concubinage ,

236

341–42

Constitution, Meiji ,

1–2

12–13

22–23

26–29

51–52

84–86

93–95

104

107

124

127

133

150

197

281–82

318

346

Constitution, Postwar ,

1–3

6–7

9–10

12–17

91–92

99–104

108–10

113–14

121

123–25

127–29

132

134

136

140

149–50

170–72

180

187–88

210

216–18

235

247–50

254–55

270–71

282

285–86

304

312

314

333–36

350–51

353

356n14

357n17

362n37

363–64n73

;

Article 9, no-war clause ,

316

;

Article 20 ,

172

336

364n80

;

and the concept of the “people’s emperor,”

276–77

280

;

drafting and debates ,

50–62

74–75

83–84

;

imperial finances ,

106–7

121

;

role of Imperial House debated ,

62–65

69–82

81–82

88–90

162

167–68

198

213

253

350–51

Constitutional Research Association (Kenpō kenkyūkai) ,

362n37

Constitutional revision movement ,

116

186

316

350

consumerism ,

238–39

243

261

353

Cook, Haruko Taya ,

Cook, Theodore F. ,

cosmopolitanism ,

285

300

305

318

Craig, Albert ,

377n26

Cultural Revolution. see Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

culture ,

285–86

299–300

Daily Mirror ,

154

DaiNihon aikokutō (Greater Japan Patriot Party) ,

255

DaiNihon kokubō fujinkai (Greater Japan National Defense Women’s Association) ,

“Datsuaron.” see “Get out of Asia” (“Datsuaron”)

“Declaration of Humanity” (Ningen sengen) ,

218–19

decorations ,

72–74

120

142

351

364n83

366–67n136

de Gaulle, Charles ,

145–48

373n31

deity in human form (arahitogami) ,

188

Dekura Ichitarō ,

179

democracy ,

5–6

8–9

16–17

73–75

170

188

214

327

350

353

;

in the Heisei era ,

280–82

285–86

291

314–15

;

and monarchy ,

47–48

229–30

240

249

257–58

270–71

281

330

346

350–51

375n2

;

and nationalism ,

353

;

and postwar national polity ,

234

243

;

resistance to ,

47–49

171

Democratic Party. see Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) ; see Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) ,

343–44

382n148

Democratic Socialist Party (DSP) ,

185–86

191

207–11

Denmark ,

128

278

316

Diana, Princess ,

240

262–63

284

323

386n18

Diet ,

33–34

37–38

59–74 passim

81–83

85–86

88–89

106–8

113

121–25

127

129

131

138

144–45

149

162

170–75 passim

181–86

191–92

195

197–200

207–212

236

254

330

338

340

344–45

355n3

357n17

362n43

375n85

direct rule (shinsei) ,

disabilities, people with ,

274

287–90

329

;

Japanese Federation of Organizations of Disabled Individuals ,

289

diversity ,

318

325–26

Doi Takako ,

162

167

Dōmei (Japan Federation of Labor) ,

211

Dower, John ,

143

DSP. see Democratic Socialist Party

Dulles, John Foster ,

112

earthquake :

Kobe ,

265

;

of 2011 ,

292–93

education ,

32–33

76–77

111

116

187

226

244

257

268

282

303

310

315

318

351–52

Edward VIII, King

331–32

Eisenstodt, Gale ,

268

Eldridge, Robert ,

105

electrical appliances ,

243

352

Elizabeth II, Queen ,

126–27

132

154

160

167

227

231

267

290

315

331–32

emperor :

in ceremonial role ,

20–21

63–65

71–72

91–93

113

152

283

304

;

definition of term ,

355n1

;

emperor’s birthday ,

159

224

225

296

298

300

313

318

;

as living symbol (shōcho tennō) ,

122

129

132–33

149–51

162

166

169

283

334–36

;

loyalty to ,

30–31

156

217–18

256

;

under Meiji Constitution ,

22–30

30–33

;

sovereignty debated ,

33–34

38–39

54–56

62–63

67–68

75–82 passim

90–93

124

148

197

210

244

;

symbol vs. head of state ,

62–72

84–90

95–99

162

258

283

monarchy

;

“people’s emperor”; individual emperors by name

Emperor’s Naked Army Marches On, The ,

372n24

emperor system (tennōsei) ,

348

357n15

;

and abdication ,

333

;

and the Heisei era ,

275

286

emperor system of the masses (taishū tennōsei)

emperor system of the masses (taishū tennōsei) ,

216

233

247

252

254

264

267

271

382n1

“emperor system of the weeklies,”

256

empresses, regnant ,

215

341–45

equality :

and Akihito ,

234

243

257

247

;

in Postwar Constitution ,

217

235

gender equality

era-name system ,

entries beginning “reign-name”

Ethiopia ,

289

Etō Jun ,

262

280–81

292

extreme right ,

156

165

255

300

family and children, imperial ,

220

233

;

and abdication ,

332

337–38

;

following media coverage ,

382n2

;

and the fragility of the imperial line ,

339–40

342–45

347

349

354

;

and the Heisei era ,

276–80

283–88

291

299

301

305

308–10

313

;

Imperial Family Council ,

107–8

368n42

;

paying respects to ,

224–25

225

;

and the Reiwa era ,

319

324–25

far right ,

165

199–201

203

205–7

212

214–15

256

260

280

285

302

336

343

345–47

353–54

360n57

380n115

;

and Foundation Day ,

169–70

194–95

199

214–15

;

and the monarchy ,

153

167

218

234

250

257–59

270

280

302

344

345

Japan Youth Council (Nihon seinen kyōgikai)

;

political parties and factions

fatherhood ,

319–20

Federation of Economic Organizations (Keidanren) ,

179

193

207

Felipe VI, King ,

315

Fellers, Bonner J. ,

356–57n15

366n128

367n7

female tennō ,

215

308

388n12

;

and abdication ,

337–38

;

and the fragility of the imperial line ,

340

343–46

feminism ,

161

306

fertility ,

269

311

FIFA World Cup ,

300–301

Fifteen-Year War ,

161

finances, imperial ,

106–7

121

279

309

344

358n26

Finchelstein, Federico ,

304

flag ,

185

283

303

355n3

Foreign Ministry ,

313

Foundation Day (Kigensetsu/ Kenkoku kinen no hi) ,

14–15

25–26

176–79

176

180–81

184–93

195–96

199

211–15

350–53

360n57

;

Foundation Day Celebration Steering Committee ,

191–93

377n37

;

meaning of ,

176

183–85

191

195

382n154

;

Miss Foundation Day ,

176–77

377n27

;

movement to re-establish ,

169–83

200–2

375n3–4

377n44

;

national secular holiday ,

192

194

382n154

Foundation Day Celebration Association (Kigensetsu hōshukukai) ,

180

182–83

202

377n37

Foundation Day Celebration People’s Steering Committee (Kigensetsu hōshuku kokumin taikai un’ei iinkai) ,

173

Foundation Day Commission (Kenkoku kinenbi shingikai) ,

186

190

353

Foundation Day Establishment Promotion Association (Kenkoku kinenbi [Kigensetsu] seitei sokushinkai) ,

174

Fourth Defense Buildup Plan ,

122

124

126

France ,

136–38

150

346–47

free trade ,

274–75

304

Fujii Jintarō ,

Fujioka Nobukatsu ,

375n85

Fujishima Taisuke ,

234

256

Fukazawa Shichirō ,

199

255

Fukuda Shōjirō ,

Fukuda Takeo ,

130

206

Fukuzawa Yukichi ,

76–77

234

Gakushūin Elementary School (Peers School) ,

32–33

221

226

Gakushūin University ,

233–34

267

gender equality ,

274

337

345

gender roles ,

243

290

319–21

352

“General Explanation of the Constitutional Revision Drafted by the Government,”

Gengōhō (Reign-name Law) ,

169–70

201

212

379n93

Gengō hōseika jitsugen kokumin kaigi (People’s Committee to Achieve Legalization of the Reign Name) ,

179

207–8

211

Gengō hōseika yokyū kokumin taikai (People’s Rally Calling for the Legalization of the Reign Name) ,

202

204

Gengō shinbun (Reign-Name Newspaper) ,

207

Genmei, Empress ,

341

Genshō, Empress ,

341

genshu. see head of state

George, Prince ,

320

George V, King ,

116–17

119

133

229–30

244

246

George VI, King ,

133

230

Germany :

and the British royal house ,

230

262–63

;

and celebrations of the nation-state ,

282

;

economy of ,

200

;

German language ,

268

329

;

Japan’s alliance with ,

42–44

;

occupation of France ,

146

;

and perspectives on Japan ,

;

welcome of Imperial Couple in ,

154

;

West German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung ,

153

“Get out of Asia” (“Datsuaron”) ,

228

233

364–65n94

gifts to emperor ,

120–21

Gluck, Carol ,

Go-Daigo, Emperor ,

21–22

Gordon, Andrew ,

384n51

Go-Sakuramachi (regnant empress) ,

341

Government Section. see under Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP)

grassroots movements ,

123

170

174

180

182

201–6 passim

213–15

379n93

Greater Japan National Defense Women’s Association (DaiNihon kokubō fujinkai) ,

Greater Japan Patriot Party (DaiNihon Aikokutō) ,

255

Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution ,

282

Greenery Day (midori no hi) ,

159

Guardian ,

167–68

Han Seung Soo ,

302

Hanako, Princess ,

Hansen’s disease ,

288–89

386n18

Hara Kazuo ,

372n24

Harry, Prince ,

290

315

332

Harvard University ,

268

322

Hasegawa Masayasu ,

Hashimoto Atsushi ,

129

Hashimoto Hiroshi ,

131

Hata Shunroku ,

Hatoyama Ichirō ,

117

Havel, Vaclav ,

265

Hawaii ,

160

309

head of state (genshu) ,

62–72 passim

87–89

162–63

253

258

283

366n128

heir crisis ,

xiii

333

338–346 passim

Heisei era ,

315

318

333

338

;

and Akihito’s formative life experiences ,

281–83

;

and the collapse of the Bubble Economy ,

274–75

;

and the concept of the “people’s emperor,”

275–81

;

and the fragility of the imperial line ,

339–43

346

;

and healing in the postwar era ,

293–300

;

and the Hesei agenda ,

283–85

;

and imperial taboos ,

273–74

;

and the margins of society ,

286–93

;

mixed messages and absences in ,

308–17

;

monarchy and the concept of the “people’s emperor” in ,

275–76

;

and pride tempered with cosmopolitanism ,

300–305

;

and the reign-name system ,

272–73

;

and the role played by Michiko ,

305–8

;

and support of the postwar system ,

285–86

Heiwa kunshō (Order of Peace) ,

heterogeneity ,

325

Higashikuni Naruhiko, Prince ,

138

372n7

Hinomaru (“Rising Sun”) ,

355n3

flag

Hirai Giichi ,

254

Hiraizumi Kiyoshi ,

Hirakawa Sukehiro ,

335

Hiranuma Kiichirō ,

Hiranuma Takeo ,

291–92

Hirohito, Emperor ,

4–6

11–12

29–32 passim

126

143–44

158

204–11 passim

219

220

223–25

243

;

and abdication ,

330

336

;

death of ,

273

;

involvement in politics ,

89–91

93–94

103–5

109

132

;

longevity of ,

352

;

and the Meiji Constitution ,

318

;

as militarist ,

4–5

40–41

128

316

;

and Okinawa ,

296

;

as pacifist ,

128

130

133–34

;

and the Postwar Constitution ,

282

;

and praying for the war dead ,

295

;

and prepared statements ,

285

;

responsibility for war ,

132

143–46

147–49

204–5

284

;

and war criminals ,

299

monarchy

;

Nagako, Empress

;

travel

Hisahito, Prince ,

316

321

328

339–41

Hokkaido ,

113

130

185

208

223

339

holidays ,

14–15

24–25

182

224

individual celebrations by name

House of Councillors :

Budget Committee ,

124

371n114

379n86

;

Cultural Affairs Committee ,

180

;

Education Committee ,

190

196

209

377n31

379n102

Ichimura Shin’ichi ,

262

ideology ,

286

348

Ikeda Hayato ,

118

Imari City (Saga prefecture) :

resolution in support of the reign-name system ,

203–6

immigration ,

128

300

304

309–13

325

347

imperial awards system. see decorations

Imperial Court Music and Dance (Gagaku) ,

299

imperial era ,

17–18

272

285

293–95

318

333

imperial family. see family and children, imperial

imperial finances. see finances, imperial

imperial garden parties ,

123

125

165

287

303

imperial history, official (kōkokushi) ,

imperial house (kōshitsu) ,

45–49 passim

107

208

328

352–53

;

and abdication ,

332

335

337

;

dignity (igen) of ,

236

241

246

252

;

duty of (goninmu) ,

;

and the fragility of the imperial line ,

341

346

;

and the Heisei agenda ,

290

304–5

307

;

and mixed messages and absences ,

309

313–14

316–17

;

and the “monarchy of the masses,”

272

275–77

279–80

;

and the Reiwa era ,

319

323

325

;

relationship to Japanese people ,

228

231–32

236–53

monarchy

imperial house diplomacy ,

135

153

Imperial House Economy Law (Kōshitsu keizaihō) ,

106

Imperial Household Agency ,

85–86

106

115–16

120–21

131

134

155–56

164–65

194

225

227

234

251

254–55

268–69

276–79

288

299–300

319

321

331

342

349

Imperial Household Ministry. see Imperial Household Agency

Imperial Household Office. see Imperial Household Agency

Imperial House Law (Kōshitsu tenpan) ,

107–8

206

215

235

321

329–30

340

344–45

Imperial House Office Law (Kunaifuhō) ,

Imperial House Press Club ,

114–17

140–42

220

276

283

369n63

371n129

382n2

imperialism ,

262–63

282

355n3

364–65n94

;

responsibility for ,

167

274

imperial line, unbroken (bansei ikkei) ,

18–19

141

172

177

193

210

301

334

336

341–43

345

354

Imperial New Year’s Poetry Reading ,

299

Imperial Palace ,

155–59 passim

281

289

299

315

320

imperial portrait, official (goshin’ei) ,

140

Imperial Rescript on Education ,

76–77

190

210

Imperial Rescript on Surrender ,

137

imperial stool analyzer ,

262

imperial tombs ,

25–26

40–43

194

358n16

360n58

379n90

imperial will ,

29–30

85–86

138

370n91

people, the

India ,

232

274

289

305

Indonesia ,

156

289

386n18

Inoki Masamichi ,

163

Inoue Kiyoshi ,

252

Inoue Makoto ,

xiii

281

292

Inoue Tatsuo ,

289

International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) ,

305

307

International Military Tribunal for the Far East (Tokyo War Crimes Trial) ,

143

Inukai Tsuyoshi ,

“invention of tradition” paradigm ,

348

ippan sanga (congratulatory visits by the public to the palace) ,

224

225

Iran ,

149

Irie Sukemasa ,

100

369n75

Irokawa Daikichi ,

133

196

377n44

Ise Bay typhoon ,

292

Ise Shrine ,

250

364n79

Ishibashi Tanzan ,

118

Ishida Kazuto ,

207

Ishihara Shintarō ,

151

166

303

Ishii Ryōsuke ,

148

Ishiwatari Sōtarō ,

142

Itō Hirobumi ,

107

Iwamoto Tsutomu ,

Japan :

in international opinion ,

217

243

;

as a superpower ,

274

;

uniqueness of ,

149–52

172

260

345

353

378n59

monarchy

Japan Communist Party (JCP) ,

122–25

129

134

144

150

162

166–68

171

191

209

211

217

251

333

349

355n2

373n44

;

growing importance of ,

105

221

;

1928 Theses ,

;

1932 Theses ,

Japanese American Leadership Delegation ,

311

Japanese Americans ,

160

310–11

Japanese Federation of Organizations of Disabled Individuals ,

289

Japan Federation of Labor (Dōmei) ,

211

Japan Public Law Association ,

Japan Red Cross Society ,

264

Japan Socialist Party (JSP) ,

82–86 passim

101

105

109

112

122–25

134

162

167–68

180–82

205

209–10

250

349

;

and Foundation Day ,

171

178

180

182

185

191

Japan Society of War-Bereaved Families (Nihon izokukai) ,

173

199

380n106

Japan That Can Say No, The ,

151

373n40

Japan Veterans Friendship League (Nihon gōyū renmei) ,

173

190

202

376n12

Japan Youth Council (Nihon seinen kyōgikai) ,

202–9

379n87

380n115

Jean, Grand Duke ,

327

Jiji shinpō ,

Jimmu, Emperor ,

20–22

24–26

40–44

150

169

171–72

175–78

189

192–95

317

336

342

357n10

359n54

360n58

jingoism ,

304

338

347

Jinja honchō. see Association of Shinto Shrines

Jinja shinpō ,

185

198

Jishu kenpō seitei kokumin kaigi (National Congress for the Establishment of an Autonomous Constitution) ,

202–3

Joan of Arc ,

347

Josei jishin ,

239

jotei ,

346

Kades, Charles ,

107

Kaifu Toshiki ,

161–62

Kaizō ,

Kako, Princess ,

Kameyama Naoto ,

197

Kammu, Emperor ,

301–2

Kanamori Tokujirō ,

357n17

Kase Hideaki ,

263

Kashihara City (Nara prefecture) ,

174–76

185

359–60n56

Kashihara Shrine ,

359–60n56

;

Foundation Day celebration ,

169

174–81

Katayama Tetsu ,

101

Katō Kanjū ,

105

368n31

Katō Mari ,

301–2

Katsube Mitake ,

kazoku kokka (authoritarian, hierarchical family-state) ,

193

251

Keenan, Joseph ,

Keidanren (Federation of Economic Organizations) ,

179

193

207

Kemmu Restoration ,

21–22

Kenkoku kinenbi [Kigensetsu] seitei sokushinkai (Foundation Day Establishment Promotion Association) ,

174

Kenkoku kinenbi shingikai. see Foundation Day Commission

Kenkoku kinen no hi. see Foundation Day

Kenkoku kinen no hi o iwau kai (Association to Celebrate Foundation Day) ,

192–93

kenmin kaigi (citizens’ councils) ,

208

Kenpō chōsakai (Commission on the Constitution) ,

84–87

150

363n73

Kenpō kenkyūkai (Constitutional Research Association) ,

362n37

Kenpō yōgō kokumin rengō (Citizens’ Federation for the Defense of the Constitution) ,

Kido Kōichi ,

145

Kigen nisen roppyakunen hōshukukai (Association to Celebrate the 2, 600th Anniversary) ,

359n53

360n58

Kigensetsu (National Foundation Day). see Foundation Day

Kigensetsu fukkō nishi Nihon kyōgikai (Western Japan Foundation Day Re-establishment Council) ,

182

Kigensetsu hōshukukai (Foundation Day Celebration Association) ,

180–83

202

Kigensetsu hōshuku kokumin taikai un’ei iinkai (Foundation Day Celebration People’s Steering Committee) ,

173

Kiko Kawashima, Princess ,

267

270

309

321

328

339–40

Kim Il Sung ,

282

Kim Jong Il ,

282

Kim Jong Un ,

282

Kim dynasty, cult of ,

282

Kimigayo (national anthem) ,

210

355n3

Kinshi kunshō (Order of the Golden Kite) ,

23–24

357n10

Kishi Nobusuke ,

79–81

86–88

110

118

182

249

Kiyomiya Shirō ,

Kiyose Ichirō ,

178

182

356n10

Kobayashi Naoki ,

125

366n120

374n68

Kobayashi Shinobu ,

273

Kobayashi Yoshinori ,

289

357n20

Kobe earthquake ,

264–66

266

280

Kodama Yoshio ,

149

Koizumi Junichirō ,

303

340

Koizumi Shinzō ,

76–78

116

244–46

246

263

Kojiki ,

193

Kojima Kiyofumi ,

Kokumin no shukujitsu o iwau kai (Association to Celebrate the People’s Holidays) ,

193

kokutai (national polity and character) ,

37–38

53–54

141–42

148

150

152

170

195

229

234

244

355n2

Kōmei, Emperor ,

Kōmeitō ,

191

208–11

Komori Kazutaka ,

255

Komuro Hiroshi ,

187

Komuro Kei ,

280

Konō Ichirō ,

117

181–82

Korea/Koreans ,

131

143

161–64

164

168

196

282

293–97

300–302

310

312

387n34

Korean War ,

111–13

297

Koseki Shōichi ,

Kōshitsu keizaihō. see Imperial House Economy Law (Kōshitsu keizaihō)

Kōshitsu tenpan. see Imperial House Law (Kōshitsu tenpan)

Kramer, R. C. ,

106

Kubokawa Tokuji ,

361n12

Kumamoto nichinichi shinbun ,

184

Kunaifuhō. see Imperial House Office Law (Kunaifuh)

Kuni-no-miya Nagako. see Nagako, Empress

Kuno Osamu ,

Kurihara Sadako ,

144

Kuriyama Yoshio ,

Kuroda Satoru ,

Kuroda Sayako ,

Kuwahara Mikine ,

Kyodo News ,

276

345

labor shortage ,

311

Large, Stephen ,

96–98

Laski, Harold ,

229–30

League of Nations ,

281–82

Leistikov, Gunnar ,

316

Le Pen, Jean-Marie ,

347

leprosy. see Hansen’s disease

Leprosy Prevention Law ,

288

lèse-majesté ,

199

255

LGBTQIA movement ,

274

290–91

Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) ,

79–84

101

109–10

117

123–25

136

151

162

166–70

173

180–83

185–86

191–93

195

199–201

204

206–14

235

253–54

340

344–45

349

352

liberty ,

217

247

lineage, racial purity of ,

263

301–2

332

337–38

locus of sovereignty ,

“lost decades,”

274

love match. see marriage

Luxembourg ,

327

Lytton Report ,

282

MacArthur, Douglas ,

6–7

88–89

99–101

103

112

218

219

231

235

330

356–57n15

363n60

Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers

MacArthur Constitution. see Constitution, Postwar

Mainichi Newspaper Company ,

289

Mainichi shinbun ,

124

140

154

366n120

Makino Ryōzō ,

356n10

Mako, Princess ,

280

309

343

Malaysia ,

325

Manchurian Incident ,

141

282

Mao, cult of ,

282

Maoris ,

160

marginalization :

of areas of Japan ,

291

296–97

;

of people ,

285–88

Margrethe II, Queen ,

128

316

Markle, Meghan ,

332

marriage ,

116

230–31

235

240

244

247

254

258

268–70

279–80

292

308

320

332

338

343

356n5

Maruyama Masao ,

217

Masahito, Prince ,

248

340

Masako, Empress ,

290–91

293

307–8

317–22

326

342

386n16

;

as Crown Princess ,

268

269

270

278

280

massification, postwar cultural ,

237

266

353

Masuhara Keikichi ,

121–26

129

134

370n93

math and science ,

321

matrilineal succession ,

337

340

343

345

Matsumoto Jōji ,

107–8

Matsuoka Komakichi ,

101

Matsushita Keiichi ,

216

223

247–54

264–66

270–71

382n1

384n56

Matsuzawa Shigefumi ,

338

Mayuzumi Toshirō ,

156

193

234

256

media ,

110

115–16

146

156–57

161

165

181

216–22 passim

226–28

231–34

239–41

251–55

258

261

263

269–71

276–77

281

293–95

308

352

354

355n2

356n5

Meiji, Emperor (Mutsuhito) ,

22–23

189

236

382n7

Meiji era ,

21–25

29–33

92–93

188–89

299

316

325

329–30

Meiji Restoration ,

21–23

53–54

189

198

263

;

centennial celebration of ,

200–1

Meiji Shrine ,

172

179

201

memory of the war ,

135

146–47

156

165–66

319

348

374n84

mental health ,

290

meritocracy ,

268

Michi (Path) ,

288

Michiko, Empress ,

17–18

238

241

242

264–68

266

270–71

285–92

295

297–99

305–9

306

315

317–22

338

349

352–54

;

and the concept of the “people’s emperor,”

275–77

280–81

285

midori no hi. see Greenery Day (midori no hi)

Mihara Asao ,

211

Mikasa Takahito, Prince ,

181

377n43–44

military ,

20–25

44–45

74–75

91–92

95–99 passim

102–4

111–13

121–22

128

137

143

146

151

155

161

185

189

296

302

314–17

336

;

postwar link to emperor severed ,

50–51

129

140

160–61

;

symbolic monarchies link to ,

315–17

military education

;

Self-Defense Forces

;

war

military education ,

111

226

315–16

ministers ,

12–13

94–96

99–100

102

105

109–111

117–129 passim

133–34

283

Cabinet; individual ministers by name

Ministry of Education ,

40–41

178

191

303

364–65n94

Minobe Tatsukichi ,

Mishima Yukio ,

255–56

Miss Foundation Day ,

176

177

377n27

Misu Takeo ,

178

Mitani Takanobu ,

111

127

Mitsuma Shingo ,

365n102

365n114

miyabi (elegant, graceful) ,

256

Miyamoto Kenji ,

48–49

217

Miyazaki City ,

178

185

Miyazaki konnichi ,

182

Miyazaki Shrine ,

Miyazawa Toshiyoshi ,

61–62

197

Mizobuchi Tadahiro ,

178

190

Mizubayashi Takeshi ,

329

modernists ,

217

modernization :

in Meiji era ,

218

261

329

Momochi Akira ,

334

monarchy ,

1–3

257–58

259–60

327–29

348–54

;

and abdication ,

329–30

332–33

336–38

;

abolition of ,

148

217

277

346

353

;

under American protection ,

133–34

;

constitutionality ,

99–100

111

;

cultural and spiritual role of ,

46–47

238

;

evolution vs. tradition ,

45–51

230–32

240

249–50

253

237

;

and the fragility of the imperial line ,

346–47

;

future of ,

;

and the Heisei era ,

272–77

281–86

288

290–91

295

305–8

314–17

;

history and character ,

17–18

;

nonpolitical in theory ,

138–39

156

201

;

reform vs. tradition debated ,

42–50

68–76

84–86

;

and the Reiwa era ,

317–18

321

325–26

;

support for ,

70–71

127

141–42

;

symbolic ,

1–4

;

uniqueness of Japanese ,

139

140–41

emperor; individual emperors by name

monarchy of the masses ,

216–71

352

382n1

Mori Yoshirō ,

Motoshima Hitoshi ,

159

Motoshima Incident ,

159

multicultural ,

317

326

Murakami Hyōei ,

247

384n57

Muramatsu Takeshi ,

256

Murayama Tomiichi ,

134

374n70

Murobuse Kōshin ,

music ,

299–301

Mutsuhito, Emperor. see Meiji, Emperor

Nagai Tadashi ,

142

Nagako, Empress ,

153

158

220

224

225

239–40

264–65

270

285

333

359n42

Nagata Hidejirō ,

359n52

Nagayama Tadanori ,

182

Nakagawa Sunao ,

194

Nakamura Kikuo ,

256

Nakamura Tadashi ,

190

Nakamura Takehiko ,

169

195

Nakamura Teruo ,

156

Nakano Kansei ,

211

Nakasone Yasuhiro ,

156

235

358n36

;

on the emperor ,

130

144–45

330

;

on Foundation Day ,

169

182

192

Nakayama Masaki ,

169

192

Nam Eui Young ,

294

Namiki Yoshio ,

Nanbara Shigeru ,

Naruhito, Emperor ,

xiii

278–83

291–93

299

316–23

326

328

332–33

339–340

344

;

as crown prince ,

116

240

241

261

262

266

269

318

323

325

Narusappa, Vargathali ,

289

National Congress for the Establishment of an Autonomous Constitution (Jishu kenpō seitei kokumin kaigi) ,

202–3

National Defense Academy of Japan ,

316

National Foundation Day (Kigensetsu / Kenkoku kinen no hi). see Foundation Day

National Holiday Law ,

180–82

185

nationalism ,

151

166

170

176

187

194–95

212–13

272

282

285

294

300

302–3

346–47

350

353

379n94

National Shinto Youth Council (Shintō seinen zenkoku kyōgikai) ,

172–73

198

380n116

national symbol. see emperor ; see monarchy ; see symbolic monarchy

National Women’s Piety Federation (Zenkoku keishin fujin rengōkai) ,

172

207

nativism

304–5

Netherlands, the ,

153–54

327–29

“New Japan,”

140

187

216

233

240

252

365n97

New Liberal Club (NLC) ,

207–10

NHK ,

209

222

281

308

331

367n7

Nicolson, Harold ,

116–17

230

244

384n55

Nihon gōyū renmei. see Japan Veterans Friendship League

Nihon izokukai (Japan Society of War-Bereaved Families) ,

173

199

380n106

Nihon kaigi (Japan Conference) ,

214–15

302

Nihon o mamoru kai (Association to Protect Japan) ,

201–2

Nihon seinen kyōgikai. see Japan Youth Council (Nihon seinen kyōgikai)

Nihon Shoki (Chronicles of Japan) ,

24–25

189

193

300

Nihon shokuryō sōko ,

178–79

nikkeijin ,

309–11

313

Ningen sengen (“Declaration of Humanity”) ,

218–19

Nintoku, Emperor ,

102

Nippon Kaigi (Japan Conference) ,

302–3

Nishimura Shōji ,

200

207

Nishioka Takeo ,

194

nobility . see aristocracy

Noda Takeshi ,

162

Noda Yoshihiko ,

343–44

Nogi Maresuke ,

32–33

Nohara Osamu ,

178

Nomura Mansai II ,

344

Northern Dynasty ,

357n3

Nosaka Sanzō ,

361n17

no-war clause (Article 9 of the Postwar Constitution) ,

316

nuclear meltdown ,

292–93

Occupation (postwar of Japan) ,

3–7

9–14

46–49

62–63

74–75

99–105

107–8

112

114

122

131

136

152

171

172

174

185

188–192

199

218–19

226

250

253

256

280

292

330

334

338

342

345

351

353

;

as a dialectic process ,

383n28

Constitution, Postwar

;

emperor

;

Supreme Command for the Allied Powers

Ogawa Eiichi ,

289

Ōhira Masayoshi ,

130

208

210

Ohnuki-Tierney, Emiko ,

357n2

Okada Keisuke ,

Okane Masujirō ,

220

Okinawa ,

104–5

113

121

185

208

222

262

292

317

;

Battle of ,

295–96

Okinawa Taimusu (Okinawa Times) ,

297

Ōkubo Toshimichi ,

Okumura Katsuzō ,

100

Okuno Ken’ichi ,

357n17

Okuzaki Kenzō ,

144

Olympics ,

183

287

287

344

359n52

Onoda Hiroo ,

156

Ophuls, Marcel ,

148

373n31

Order of Culture (Bunka kunshō) ,

72–73

120

Order of the Golden Kite (Kinshi kunshō) ,

23–24

357n10

Order of Industry (Sangyō kunshō) ,

Order of Peace (Heiwa kunshō) ,

Osaraji Jirō rondanshō (Osaraji Jirō Prize for Commentary) ,

275

ōsei fukko (restoration of imperial rule) ,

Ōtsuki Bunpei ,

193

Owada Masako. see Masako, Empress

Oxford University ,

262

268

321–22

pacifism ,

16–17

228

314

330

367n10

374n70

palace. see Imperial Palace

Palau ,

298

Paralympics ,

287

287

Parliament. see Diet

patrilineal lineage ,

340–43

patriotism ,

75–76

172–74

187

200

215

303

;

“quiet patriotism” (shizuka naru aikokushin) ,

Paxton, Robert ,

148

372–73n31

peace, principle of ,

285–86

294–95

298

314

323

338

Peace Preservation Law ,

Peace Treaty. see San Francisco Peace Treaty of 1952

Peerage Act of 1884 ,

aristocracy

Peers School (Gakushūin) ,

221

226–27

227

235

257

pendulum principle ,

102

108

people, the (kokumin) ,

14–17

25–26

51–55

59–61

79–81

152

159

173

211

214

216–24

229–30

237

247–54

257

262

264

267–68

270

276–80 passim

285

292–93

305

313

318

328

331–32

335–36

338

350–53

sovereignty, popular

People’s Committee to Achieve Legalization of the Reign Name (Gengō hōseika jitsugen kokumin kaigi) ,

179

207–8

211

“people’s emperor,”

;

and the Constitution of Japan ,

277

;

and Heisei-era monarchy ,

275–81

285

;

meaning of ,

278–80

People’s Emperor, The (book title) ,

xiii

People’s Rally Calling for the Legalization of the Reign Name (Gengō hōseika yokyū kokumin taikai) ,

202

204

peripatetic ,

291–92

305

315

Peru ,

309

312

“philanthropic empire,”

288

324–25

Philip, Prince Consort ,

231

267

Philippe, King ,

329

Philippines ,

44–45

156

289

298

309

313

poetry ,

189

201

308

322

;

Imperial New Year’s Poetry Reading ,

299

;

Ryūkyūan ,

297

;

waka ,

256

307

polarization ,

326

Policy Affairs Research Council (PARC) ,

201

political parties and factions ,

9–12

114–15

200

234

329

349–50

;

on apologies ,

151

156–57

;

extreme right ,

139

154

237

;

far right ,

154–59 passim

183

187–94 passim

219

228

233

237–42

251

293n115

;

on Foundation Day ,

158–60

168–71

179–80

183

;

left-wing ,

105

138–42

256–57

333

;

on reign-name movement ,

184

194–99

;

right-wing ,

10–11

138–39

141

256–57

;

and violence ,

171

237

individual parties and factions by name

polity, national. see kokutai

polls ,

86–87

159

198–99

201

243

264

297

329n101

334

345

366n120

;

on Foundation Day ,

171

179

184

189–90

375n4

Poole, Richard A. ,

Popular Rights Movement ,

253

populism ,

214

304

350

portrait, official imperial (goshin’ei) ,

140

“postwar” (sengo)

281

293

Constitution, Postwar

;

emperor

;

monarchy

Postwar Constitution. see Constitution, Postwar

postwar democracy (sengo minshushugi) ,

249

281

“postwar system,”

281

285

318

330

344

postwar values ,

352

357n20

Potsdam Declaration ,

136

138

141

poverty ,

322

prayer ,

295

334–36

Preparatory Committee for His Imperial Highness the Crown Prince’s Trip to Britain ,

227

Preston, Paul ,

310

317

“prewar liberal,”

Pride :

The Fateful Moment (Puraido: unmei no shunkan) ,

374n69

prime minister :

selection of ,

127

individual prime ministers by name

Prochaska, Frank ,

229

Progressive Party ,

362n43

Liberal Democratic Party

Publication Law ,

publications ,

153

339

individual publications by name

public duties ,

240

277–79

291–94

319

335

343

public schools ,

303

Qatar ,

327

quality of life ,

274

race ,

310

;

and lineage ,

263

301–2

332

337–38

;

racial discrimination ,

290

309

311–12

racialism ,

262

311–12

338

radio ,

111

137

222–23

239

246

Rape of Nanjing ,

164

294

Rebellion of 1936 ,

Reign-name Law (Gengōhō) ,

169–70

201

212

379n93

Reign-name legalization movement ,

170

179

200–201

207

215

375n3

380n115–16

Reign-Name Legalization Promotion League of Diet Representatives ,

207–8

Reign-Name Newspaper (Gengō shinbun) ,

207

reign-name system ,

14–15

151

170

179

195–214

272

350–51

357n17

379n102

380n116

381n140

Reign-name legalization movement

Reiwa era ,

xiii

272

273

293

317–26

323

338

345

religion ,

312

325

334–36

civil and religious groups

religious corporation (shūkyō hōjin) ,

religious groups. see civil and religious groups

republic (kyōwakoku) ,

61–62

Rescript to Promote the National Destiny ,

218

resolutions, by local assemblies ,

183

195

202–3

205–12

retirement ,

328

331

338

Ridgway, Matthew ,

112

Risō sekai ,

201

ritsuryō system ,

Roh Tae Woo ,

161–64

164

293–94

Roman (journal) ,

260

Rousso, Henry ,

146–47

Russia. see Soviet Union

Russo-Japanese War ,

sacred regalia ,

Saipan ,

297

Saitō Dōichi ,

Sakamoto Kōjirō ,

267

Sakamoto Misoji ,

162

Sakamoto Tarō ,

197

Sakurada Takeshi ,

207

Sakurai Katsunoshin ,

193

Sakurai Yoshiko ,

336

Sandē mainichi ,

149–50

228

239

San Francisco Peace Treaty of 1952 ,

67–68

103–5

112–13

173

299

San Francisco system ,

Sangyō kunshō (Order of Industry) ,

sanitoriums ,

289

Sasaki Sōichi ,

Satō Eisaku ,

110

114

117

119

185

Satō Tadao ,

145

Satomi Kishio ,

234

Scandinavia ,

281

328

SCAP. see Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP)

science and math ,

321

Science Council of Japan ,

197

Sebald, William J. ,

104

368n33

Security Treaty, U.S.-Japan ,

113

118

181–82

202

369n61

Seichō no ie (House of Growth) ,

173

184

201–2

206

376n13

Seishin (Sacred Heart University) ,

250

Sekai ,

49–50

104

Self-Defense Forces (SDF) ,

140

155

314–16

370n91

separation of state and religion ,

172

261

334–336

364n80

sexism ,

320

Shea, Michael ,

167

Shidehara Kijūrō ,

108

Shigemitsu Mamoru ,

114

117–18

127

129

Shimada Tatsumi ,

231

Shimanaka Hōji ,

255

Shimazu Tadashige ,

229

Shimizu Ikutarō ,

193

228

233

Shindō Eiichi ,

104

Shinto ,

172

236

261

305

;

Daijōsai ,

344

;

emperor as high priest of ,

142

336

;

rituals ,

305

325

349

Shinto Political Association (Shintō seiji renmei) ,

165

200

207

270

Shintō seinen zenkoku kyōgikai (National Shinto Youth Council) ,

172–73

198

Shirasu Jirō ,

100

shōchōgaku (the study of being a symbol) ,

318

321

Shōda Hidesaburō ,

250

Shōda Michiko. see Michiko, Empress

shogunate ,

21–22

Shoku Nihongi (Chronicles of Japan) ,

301

Shōwa, Emperor. see Hirohito, Emperor

Shōwa era ,

272

318

shrine world (jinjakai) ,

172–73

185

196

198–201

376n7

Shūkan asahi ,

110

239

Shūkan sankei ,

229

signature campaigns ,

200–201

sincerity (shinshi) ,

285

Sino-Japanese War ,

Smith, Sally Bedell ,

326

social influence of imperial family ,

284–85

social values ,

287

social welfare ,

288–90

316

329

Sokoku to seinen ,

193

379n87

Sokoku to seinen (Youth and Fatherland Association) ,

203–4

Sonobe Itsuo ,

345

Sophia University ,

335

Southern Dynasty ,

357n3

sovereignty, imperial ,

47–50

148

197

210

244

355n2

360n5

362n43

365n104

sovereignty, popular ,

47–48

60–61

84–85

90–91

149

210

252

271

277

281

318

Soviet Union ,

113

118

130–31

160

184

233

357n15

Spain ,

128

139

265

278

286

310

315

317

327

Spanish Civil War ,

310

Spiritual Mobilization Headquarters ,

State Shinto ,

187

210

330–31

Statute of Westminster ,

362n38

Subversive Activities Prevention Law ,

Süddeutsche Zeitung ,

153

suffrage, universal male ,

Suga Yoshihide ,

273

338

344

suicide :

of General Nogi Maresuke and his wife ,

;

mass ,

297

;

of Mishima Yukio ,

256–57

;

suicidal attacks ,

138

297

Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP) ,

4–5

6–7

59–60

74–75

104

107–9

139

356n11

;

Government Section ,

48–49

58–59

107

360n5

;

and monarchy ,

6–7

100

106

144

218

220

227

284

;

undemocratic procedures ,

171

Supreme Court ,

130

345

379n95

Supreme War Council (Japan) ,

Surrender, Imperial Rescript on ,

137

Suwara Shoji ,

Suzuki Kantarō ,

137

Suzuki Mosaburō ,

250

Suzuki Yoshio ,

Sweden ,

128

236

Switzerland ,

154

305

308

symbolic monarchy ,

2–4

8–9

11–13

75–78

106

116

135–36

148

150

153

166

255–56

264

266

305

318

327–28

348

352–53

366n120

;

and abdication ,

327–28

332

337–38

;

and agency of emperors ,

353–54

;

analyzing the history of ,

348–49

;

conservative stamp on ,

351–52

;

constitutionality of ,

335–36

;

and heir problems ,

319

;

in the Heisei era ,

283–85

291–92

303–5

308

314–19

;

and the military ,

314–16

;

and religion ,

325

;

symbolic essence (shōchōsei) ,

285

319

;

and tradition ,

77–78

149

152

345–46

;

and unity ,

317

;

and women ,

320–21

334

340

345–46

emperor

;

monarchy

taboos, media ,

143–44

147

160

181

255

273

275

290

Taishō, Emperor ,

226

236

341

Taishō Democracy ,

248

Taishō era ,

206

Takagi Hiroshi ,

Takahashi Hiroshi ,

107

115

142

162

276

Takakura Teru ,

142

Takami Katsutoshi ,

185

363n58

367n2

374n68

Takashi Fujitani ,

24–25

261

Takashima Shrine ,

Takatsukasa Nobusuke ,

197

Takayanagi Kenzō ,

Takeshita Noboru ,

129

158

193

Takeuchi Yoshimi ,

Tanaka Giichi ,

Tanaka Kakuei ,

121

Tanaka Kotarō ,

196

Tanaka Minoru ,

114

369n64

Tanaka Takashi ,

173

369n64

Tan’gun, myth of ,

196

Taniguchi Teijirō ,

182

television ,

128

155

238–39

261

278

331

Temmu, Emperor ,

Tenji, Emperor ,

176

Terasaki Hidenari ,

104

Thailand ,

314

Thatcher, Margaret ,

126

130

132

167–68

“Theses on the Situation in Japan and the Tasks of the Communist Party” (1932) ,

Titus, David ,

369n75

Togashi Junji ,

117

140

220

239

Tokiwa (social club) ,

250

Tokuda Kyūichi ,

Tokugawa period ,

21–23

236

Tokyo Board of Education ,

303

Tōkyō shinbun ,

198

Tokyo University ,

294

335

370n93

Tokyo War Crimes Trial (International Military Tribunal for the Far East) ,

136

143–44

299

tolerance (kanyō) ,

285

290

318

325

Tomino Kiichirō ,

212

382n154

tourism ,

42–43

174–77

297

Toyoshita Narahiko ,

112

369n61

trade. see free trade

travel, tours, and visits, imperial ,

278

321–22

;

to Bhutan ,

328

;

in China ,

153

155

294

;

in Europe and America ,

143–44

147

212–14

309

311

;

in Japan ,

208–9

243

246–47

280

288–96

299

315

329

;

to Malaysia ,

325

;

to Mexico ,

310

;

to Palau ,

298

Tripartite Pact ,

42–44

Trump, Donald ,

326

Tsuda Sōkichi ,

49–50

148

187

198

tsunami ,

292–93

Tsunetō Kyō ,

2, 600th Anniversary Celebration Bureau ,

359n53

360n57

2, 600th Anniversary celebrations (1940) ,

187

213

351

360n57

2, 700-year tradition ,

336

Uchiyama Iwatarō ,

183

378n53

Ueda Takumi ,

210

Ueyama Shunpei ,

152

Umehara Takeshi ,

152

Umezu Yoshijirō ,

97–98

United Nations ,

186

233

322

United States ,

38–39

103–4

114

118

121

130

151

157

161

176

191

212

227–28

251

256

274

282

289

295–98

304

310–12

326

348

351

386n21

Occupation

;

Supreme Command for the Allied Powers

unity ,

296

317

325–26

329

347

Uno Seiichi ,

202

Urda, John ,

276

Usami Takeshi ,

120

155

254

U.S.-Japan Council ,

311–12

U.S.-Japan Security Treaty. see Security Treaty

Vichy era ,

146–48

Victoria, Queen ,

263

Vietnam ,

119

202

298

313

Vining, Elizabeth ,

226

227

231

235

246

383n28

violence ,

182

255

Wada Toshiakira ,

Wakamori Tarō ,

173

Wangchuck, King Jigme Khesar Namgyel ,

284

327–28

war ,

285–86

307–8

314–16

319

330

;

with China ,

282

;

in film ,

372n24

373n31

374n69

;

Shōwa characterized by ,

272

apologies

;

war responsibility; individual wars by name

war crimes ,

161

;

Tokyo War Crimes Trial ,

136

143–44

299

war criminals ,

110

136

153–54

159

299

war dead ,

295

297–98

379–80n106

war responsibility :

collective ,

139

;

of Hirohito ,

12–13

135–137

139

141

143–46

153–55

157–61

158

273

284

372n24

373n44

373–74n62

;

imperial ,

168

273

;

of Japan ,

160

162–65

168

273–74

Watanabe Kiyoshi ,

143

Watanabe Makoto ,

287

Watanabe Midori ,

270

Watanabe Osamu ,

335

356n4

Watanabe Shōichi ,

335–36

water ,

322–23

323

Watsuji Tetsurō ,

148

Webb, Herschel ,

Western Japan Foundation Day Re-establishment Council (Kigensetsu fukkō nishi Nihon kyōgikai) ,

182

Whitney, Courtney ,

107–8

WiLL ,

337

Willem-Alexander, King ,

328–29

William, Prince ,

290

315

320

women ,

115

172

173

176

179

202

207

230

239

243–44

249–50

268–69

274

316

319–21

325

337

350

;

“good wife, wise mother” (ryōsai kenbo) ,

321

;

imperial ,

18–19

235

253

308

334

336–37

340

342–45

350

comfort women

;

gender equality

;

gender roles

World War I ,

229

263

;

the monarchy after ,

33–37

World War II ,

136

146

154

160

350

;

and the Heisei era ,

281

295–99

315

Yabe Teiji ,

Yagi Hidetsugu ,

337–38

Yamaguchi Kikuichirō ,

186

Yamakawa Hitoshi ,

361n17

Yamato Parade ,

175–177

176

376–77n23

Yano Tōru ,

152

Yasukuni Shrine ,

130–31

155

157

199

299

Yokoi Shōichi ,

155

165

Yokota Kisaburō ,

217

Yokota Kōichi ,

104

Yomiuri shinbun ,

153

Yoshida Shigeru ,

101

109

114

120

173

330

Yoshikawa Saburō ,

175–76

youth ,

173

202

204

247

356n5

380n115

Youth and Fatherland Association (Sokoku to seinen) ,

203–4

Yūshūkan Museum ,

299

Zenkoku keishin fujin rengōkai (National Women’s Piety Federation) ,

172

207

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Japan's Imperial House in the Postwar Era, 1945-2019

ISBN:: 9781684176168

Verleger:: Harvard University Asia Center

Print-Publikationsdatum:: 06 Jan 2020

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Japan's Imperial House in the Postwar Era, 1945-2019

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