Index
Abbott, Elizabeth
58
,
67
,
209
,
212
,
326
African Regional Conferences (ilo)
154 –155
,
157
,
160 –163
,
167
,
168
afrc
Ahiati, Vida
315
aboriginal rights
104
absenteeism
36
acli (Christian Association of Italian Workers)
298
actrav (Bureau for Workers’ Activities for the International Labour Office)
189
,
193
Addams, Jane
86
Adenowo, Agnes
150
,
163
,
164
,
171
,
172
adgb (Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund)
76
,
77
,
78
,
85
adwn (Asia Domestic Workers’ Network)
191
AfDWN (African Domestic Workers’ Network)
192
affirmative policies
102
afl (American Federation of Labor)
167
,
205
afl-cio (American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations)
167
,
172
,
188
afrc (African Regional Conference)
154 –155
,
157
,
160 – 163
,
167
,
168
Africa
5
,
15
,
33
,
102
,
127
,
135
,
187 –189
,
192
,
215
,
218
,
220
,
232
,
234
,
302
,
307
,
308
,
321
,
360
agriculture
12
,
21
,
78
,
79
,
92
,
85
,
137
,
155
,
160
,
162
,
163
,
286
,
287
,
291
,
295
,
298
,
300
,
305
,
309
,
313
aiwc (All-India Women’s Conference)
7
,
239
,
240
,
245
Alvisi, Luisa Zavattaro
289
Amadi-Njoku, Regina
174
Amakye, Theresa
315
Anderson, Mary
31 –33
,
44
,
48
,
58
,
67
Andrews, Benjamin R.
93
anti-colonialism
156
anti-discrimination protective measure
102
,
112
apartheid
98
,
100
,
125
,
163
Araiza, Carmen
127
Arenholt, Julie
64
Argentina
255 –275
art (Assisted Reproductive Technologies)
348 –351
Ashby, Margery Corbett
59
,
251
Asia
5
,
28
,
43
,
48
,
81
,
102
,
136
,
143
,
154
,
181 –183
,
190
,
191
,
215
,
219
,
222,
238
,
321
,
328
,
340
,
364
Astapenko, Pavel
100
Australia
69
,
72
,
102
,
104
,
105
,
109
,
122
,
178
,
183
,
213
,
223
,
263
,
264
,
355
Austria
33
,
46
,
48
,
53
,
68
,
71
,
157
Bagnoli, Jone
290–7
Barnes, George
31
,
205
Basu, BhupendraNath
211
bdf (Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine)
86
Begtrup, Bodil
126
Bei, Adele
281
Belgium
33
,
47
,
68
,
82
,
139
,
140
,
283
Benin
216
Berg, Ieke van den
184
Bernardino, Minerva
108
,
126
Berne Conference (1919)
32
Bhatt, Ela
182
,
183
Bitossi, Renato
289
Black, E.I.
69
Blackett, Adelle
324
,
326
Blatny, Fanny
58
,
70 –71
Bolsheviks
5
,
29
Bondfield, Margaret
21
,
33
,
35
,
39
,
44 –48
,
48
,
205
,
207
,
238
Boren, Coba van der
127
Boschek, Anna
46
,
53
,
58
,
70
Boserup, Ester
158
Bouillot, Georgette
30
,
33
Bouvier, Jeanne
30
,
32
,
33
,
36
,
39 –41
,
46
bpw (Business and Professional Women) International
8
,
67
Braunthal, Alfred
149
Brazil
68
,
183
,
231
,
68
,
283
,
325
,
328
Britain
31
,
33
,
34
,
46
,
39
,
45
,
47
,
246
Great Britain; United Kingdom
Bronham, Ada
213
Brunschvicg, Cécile
59
Bulgaria
122
Burkina Faso
312
Burrow, Sharan
220
Butler, Harold
37
,
63
,
65
,
66
,
95
,
238
,
253
Byelorussia
106
,
108
Cabrini, Laura Casartelli
34
,
39
Cambodia
346
,
351
Canada
33
,
36
,
73
,
106
,
115
,
206
,
211
,
325
,
347
,
350
,
355
capitalism
99
,
353
,
354
care work
21
,
22
,
216
,
219
,
325
,
326
,
328
,
332 –334
,
339
Caribbean
321
,
332
,
336
Carr, Shirley
216
,
217
Carruthers, Violet
207
Castiglione, Guglielmo Emanuele di Palma
59
Catholics
4
,
21
,
61
,
68
,
87
,
257 –260
,
264 –266
,
269
,
273
,
277 –280
,
282
,
285
,
287
,
288
,
293
,
299
caw (Committee for Asian Women)
188
cedaw (Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women)
98
,
101
,
111
,
112
,
115
,
117 –119
,
320
,
355
,
356
Célis, Jeanne
127
Cerlesi, InesPisoni
296
cgil ((Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro)
281 –289
,
291
,
293
,
295 –298
cgt (Confédération générale du travail)
30
Chen, Marty
183
,
186
childbirth
36
,
39
,
41
,
79
,
02
,
244
,
245
,
267
,
358
childcare
107
,
144
,
151
,
165 –171
,
174
,
183
,
267
,
333
,
329
,
330
,
337
,
338
child labour
14
,
28
,
44
,
45
,
69
,
191
,
313
,
314
,
317
,
337
children
113
,
17
,
35
,
39
,
40
,
44 –46
,
55
,
78
,
82
,
116
,
163
,
166
,
183
,
222
,
233 –237
,
239
,
242 –244
,
246
,
247
,
256
,
259 –263
,
166
,
267
,
269
,
272
,
313
,
314
,
318
,
319
,
321
,
322
,
326
,
327
,
329 –331
,
333 –338
,
343 –345
,
347
,
350
,
352 –355
,
369
,
360 –363
Chile
268
China
43
,
58
,
69
,
142
,
211
,
244
,
326
,
328
,
329
,
331
,
332
Chinyani, Florence
171
Cicogna, Furio
295
cif (Centro Italiano Femminile)
280
,
287
,
294
cii (Confederation of Indian Industries)
348
ciuss (Catholic International Union for Social Service)
68
cnts (Confédération Nationale des Travailleurs du Sénégal)
188
Cold War
3
,
8
,
11
,
15
,
98
,
99
,
10
,
108
,
111
,
113
,
119
,
220
,
123
,
127
,
142
,
143
,
151
,
156
,
173 –175
,
218
,
224
,
277
,
278
,
285
,
289
collective bargaining
108
,
114
,
133
,
136
,
140
,
143
,
329
colonial bureaucracies
161 –162
colonialism
3
,
9
,
17
,
98
,
119
,
120
,
144
,
154
,
161
,
173
,
252
Comité feminin français du travail
32
commercial surrogacy
340 –364
Commission on International Labour Legislation
29
Commission on Women’s Employment
39
,
40
Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations
247
Committee on Conditions of Work in the Textile Industry
52
Committee on Industrial Hygiene
53
,
56
communists
4
,
285
,
294
community services
103
Conference of Allied Women Suffragists
208
,
209
Contracts of Employment (Indigenous Workers) Convention (No. 64)
235
un Convention for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
112
Convention on Protection of Children (hcch)
350
cooperatives
10
,
101
,
180
Correspondence Committee on Women’s Work
14
,
50 –74
,
83 –85
,
93 –95
,
126
,
128
,
204
,
212
,
237
,
240
co-responsibility
331 –333
Costa, Angelo
283
Costa Rica
333
Crawford, Archibald
211
croc (Confederación Revolucionaria de Obreros y Campesinos) Mexico
189
csw (Commission on the Status of Women)
3
,
15
,
97 –113
,
115 –117
,
119
,
122 –124
,
126 –128
,
133
,
138
,
139
,
131
,
169
,
213
,
214
Cuba
33
,
107
,
115
Cullis, Winifred
58
,
61
Czechoslovakia
33
,
35
,
36
,
39
,
55
,
58
,
69
,
71
Daly, Mary
325
Davis, Caroline
128
dawn (Development Alternatives with Women for a New Era)
16
dc (Democrazia Cristiana)
282
De Andrea, Msgr. Miguel
273
Decade for Women
214
,
320
decent work
190
,
338
Declaration of Philadelphia
7
,
104
,
364
Declaration on Economic and Social Demands
124
Declaration on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
111
Declaration on Equality of Opportunity and Treatment for Women Workers
10
,
117
,
145
Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work
123
decolonization
15
Dehareng, Marcelle
149 –151
,
159
,
160
,
171
,
174
Delevigne, Malcolm
210
De’ll Oro Maini, Atilio
265
Del Valle Iberlucea, Enrique
263
Democratic Party (us)
102
,
107
Denmark
33
,
61
,
64
,
68
,
103
,
116
,
126
,
344
Dieckel, Elga
291
Development
Ding, Cora
58
Dingman, Mary
69
Diop, Assane
189
discrimination
13
,
48
,
102
,
107
,
112
,
114
,
117
,
118
,
121
,
122
,
125
,
120
,
131
,
134
,
151
,
162
,
166
,
168
,
221
,
223
,
284
,
91
,
296
,
310
,
327
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention (No. 111)
48
,
134
,
167
,
170
,
309
,
320
,
357
Di Vittorio, Giuseppe
291
,
284
,
295
domestic workers
16
,
20
,
68
,
72
,
93
,
163
,
179
,
188
,
190 –197
,
199
,
323 –326
,
332
,
333
,
335
,
337
,
338
Domestic Workers Convention (No. 189)
12
,
16
,
20
,
94
,
169
,
177
,
179
,
196
,
309
,
313
,
320
,
323
,
333
domesticity
106
Dominican Republic
107
,
108
,
126
Duchêne, Gabrielle
30
Eastman, S. Mack
69
,
85
economic development
152
,
158
,
159
,
324
,
334
,
337
economic rights
7
,
15
,
36
,
98
,
103 –111
,
118 –120
ecosoc (Economic and Social Council)
102
,
103
,
105 –107
,
114
,
115
,
213
Ecuador
333
Edstrom, Sigfrid
40
education
8
,
14
,
88
,
91
,
92
,
118
,
130
,
136
,
144
,
153
,
158
,
160
,
162
,
163
,
168
,
170
,
173
,
182
,
264
,
266
,
267
,
269
,
311
,
313
,
316
,
322
,
329
,
333
,
335
,
337
eec (European Economic Community)
122
,
132
egalitarianism
61 –67
,
72
Ekendahl, Sigrid
127
,
128
,
150
employment
8 –12
,
18
,
19
,
20
,
32
,
37 –41
,
43 –46
,
56
,
69
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
78
,
82
,
85
,
93
,
102
,
104
,
106
,
111
,
112
,
116 –118
,
121
,
125
,
129
,
131
,
143
,
145
,
153
,
155
,
156
,
158
,
160
,
164
,
170
,
174
,
176
,
186
,
187
,
191
,
202
,
210
,
213
,
214
,
220
,
228
,
229
,
235
,
236
,
240
,
241
,
245
,
249
,
267
,
269
,
286
,
287
,
313
,
316 –318
,
320 –324
,
327
,
333
,
338
,
352
,
356
,
358
,
360 –362
Employment (Women with Family Responsibilities) Recommendation (No. 123)
153
,
158
,
165
,
320
Employment and Development Department
118
,
119
equal pay
54
,
58
,
63
,
85
,
104 –110
,
121 –149
,
141
,
154
,
155
,
162
,
170
,
261
“equal pay for equal work”
30
,
121
,
129 –131
,
280
Equal Remuneration Convention (No. 100)
19
,
21
,
48
,
110
,
122
,
123
,
125
,
126
,
132
,
134
,
139
,
143
,
145
,
146
,
151
,
170
,
276 –278
,
282
,
284 –294
,
296
,
299
,
309
,
357
equal rights
35
,
98
,
104
,
105
,
115
,
126
,
260
,
279
,
284
eri (Equal Rights International)
213
,
230
Etienne, Rose
127
Etter, Rose-Marie
127
etuc (European Trade Union Confederation)
143
,
144
eugenics
270
European Court of Justice
132
European Social Charter
143
fao (Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations)
307
,
308
Fascism
7
,
95
,
261
,
269
,
270
,
276
,
290
Fairchild, Mildred
51
,
97
,
100
,
108 –110
Federici, Maria
287
Feminism
50
,
98
,
101
,
106
,
112
,
119
,
159
,
223
femmes (Office of the Special Adviser for Women Workers’ Questions)
117
,
118
Finland
325
,
355
fiom(Federazione Impiegati Operai Metallurgici)
291
,
297
fiot (Federazione Italiana Operai Tessili)
34
,
281 –284
First World War
29
,
77
,
121
,
256
,
262 –265
World War i
First World Women’s Conference
157
Foa, Vittorio
291
forced labour
8
,
100
,
231 –233
,
313
Forced Labour Convention (No. 29)
18
,
229 –232
,
234
France
33
,
34
,
36
,
39
,
57
,
57
,
58
,
81
,
115
,
127
,
139
,
169
,
207
,
248
,
283
,
284
freedom of association
100
,
127
,
309
,
319
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention (No. 87)
171
,
304
,
309
free speech
127
Freundlich, Emmy
68
,
70
,
71
gad (Gender and Development)
152
,
158
Gallin, Dan
182
,
183
Garlicka, Zofja
65
gawu (General Agricultural Workers’ Union)
301 –303
305
,
306
,
310 –317
Gemmill, William
211
gender balance
204
,
213
,
221
,
224
gender discrimination
8
,
11
,
126
,
137
,
138
,
144
,
149
gender equality
8
,
11
,
12
,
50
,
144
,
152
,
164
,
173 –175
,
194
,
214
,
219 –223
,
228
,
246
,
252 –255
,
319
,
326
,
355
gender equity
5
,
22
,
175
,
319
,
320
,
327
,
328
,
331 –333
,
336
,
339
gender inequality
279
,
317
gender justice
36
,
94
gender mainstreaming
10
,
11
,
117
,
119
,
121
,
147
,
171
,
213 –218
gender needs
303
,
315
gender-neutral standards
17 –19
gender politics
253
gendered international governance
228
gendered labour laws
2
,
29 –41
,
250 –254
gendered labour policy
227 –254
Geneva
21
,
46
,
52
,
58
,
62
,
70
,
74
,
89 –92
,
119
,
128
,
129
,
151
,
245
,
248
,
279
,
282
,
301
Genoa Maritime ilc
257
George, Lloyd
31
Georgia
190
,
344
,
345
Gereb, Mrs.
114
German Democratic Republic
115
Germany
48
,
51
,
57
,
70
,
75 –77
,
82
,
85
,
86
,
91 –93
,
95
,
96
,
127
,
128
,
139
,
157
Ghana
164
,
189
,
300 –317
Ghodsee, Kristin
99
global care chains
319
global feminism
101
,
112
,
119
Global Jobs Pact
12
global North
102
,
128
,
132
,
133
,
137
,
141
,
142
,
148
,
167
,
170
,
178
,
184
,
188
,
195
,
227
,
228
,
238
,
239
,
250 –252
,
318
,
358
global South
11
,
13
,
16
,
20
,
99
,
102
,
105
,
111
,
112
,
119
,
123
,
127
,
129
,
137
,
141 –143
,
148
,
151
,
152
,
154
,
157
,
159 –161
,
168
,
169
,
173
,
174
,
184
,
185
,
203
,
221 –254
,
318
,
330
,
356
,
358
,
361
,
363
globalization
12
,
20
,
178
,
190
,
191
,
341
,
353
,
362
Gloerfelt-Tarp, Kirsten
61
,
64
,
240
Gokhale, Godavari
245
,
246
Gompers, Samuel
30
,
205
González Martínez, Aida
218
Goudal, J
248
Gourd, Émilie
70
,
73
Great Britain
39
,
98
,
122
,
127
,
139
,
145
,
205
Britain; United Kingdom
Great Depression
7
Guinea
115
Haiti
243
Hanna, Gertrud
14
,
47
,
58
,
76 –85
,
94 –96
hazardous substances bans
6
hcch (Hague Conference on Private International Law)
343
,
345
,
346
,
350
health damage
82
health insurance
82
,
89
Hesselgren, Kerstin
35
,
50
,
42 –47
,
49
,
58
,
74
hnsea (HomeNet South East Asia)
186
hnsa (HomeNet South Asia)
186
Hochschild, Arlie
319
Home-based workers
178
,
179
,
182 –185
,
188
,
197
,
267
HomeNet International
178
,
183
,
185
,
186
HomeNet Thailand
189
Home Work Convention (No. 177)
12
,
16
,
20
,
177
,
184
,
185
,
308
Hong Kong (China)
325
Horn, Pat
186
,
185
,
204
Hours of Work (Industry) Convention (No. 1)
79
,
83
Human rights
5
,
8
,
12
,
39
,
46
,
110
,
112
,
123
,
142
,
192
,
313
,
341
,
355
Human Rights Commission
102
human trafficking
321
,
326
,
337
,
354
Hungary
112
,
115
,
122
Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention (No. 120)
167
iacw (International Advisory Committee of Women)
77
,
85
iaw (International Alliance of Women)
230
,
238
,
251
iawsec (International Alliance of Women for Suffrage and Equal Citizenship)
54
,
60
,
71
,
73
icc (International Coordinating Committee)
189
icftu (International Confederation of Free Trade Unions)
3
,
15
,
49
,
113
,
123 –130
,
132 –145
,
149 –175
,
180
,
182
,
183
,
185
,
188
,
189
icftu/its (International Confederation of Free Trade Unions/International Trade Secretariats Women’s Committee)
126 –128
,
135
,
136
,
138
,
141 –146
,
188
icn (International Council of Nurses)
60
icssw (International Committee of Schools for Social Work)
86
,
89 –91
icw (International Council of Women)
8
,
58
,
60
,
73
,
86
,
208
,
257
icww (International Congress of Working Women
27
,
28
,
34
,
36
,
37
,
44
,
78
,
209
idwf (International Domestic Workers’ Federation)
192
,
194
idwn (International Domestic Workers Network)
16
,
191 –193
ifad (International Fund for Agricultural Development)
308
ifctu (International Federation of Christian Trade Associations)
58
,
61
iftu (International Federation of Trade Unions)
47 –49
,
75
,
77 –79
,
84
,
85
ifuw (International Federation of University Women)
60
ifwea (International Federation of Workers’ Education Associations)
188
ifww (International Federation of Women Workers)
46 –48
,
78
ilo core Conventions
36
,
123
,
123n9
,
309
imperialism
3
,
9
,
99
,
120
income support
32
,
39
,
41
India
33
,
43 –46
,
107
,
144
,
178
,
179
,
182
,
189
,
211
,
240 –243
,
245 –248
,
302
,
325
,
341
,
344
,
346 –351
,
354
,
362
indigenous workers, groups, people
4
,
18
,
102
,
105
,
235
industrial justice
28
,
36
,
46
industrialization
152
,
159
,
259
,
276
industry
42
,
43
,
52
,
64
,
77 –79
,
82
,
87
,
88
,
91
,
92
,
137
,
139
,
140
,
160
,
169
,
256
,
265
,
266
,
275
,
279
,
286
,
295
,
297
,
340
,
343
,
344
,
346 –351
,
354
,
356
,
359
,
360
,
362 –364
informal employment, informality
176
,
179
,
302
,
305
Inspection of Emigrants Convention (No. 21)
18
Inter-Allied Suffrage Conference
30
International Association for Labour Legislation
44
“International Charter of Work”
32
International Commission on Labour Legislation
39
,
208
International Conference of Social Work
86 –89
International Homework Office (Office international du travail à domicile)
30
International labour standards
6
,
7
,
28
,
32
,
37
,
44
,
227 –254
,
256
,
258
,
267
,
323
,
326
,
363
International Monetary Fund
8
,
11
International Social Welfare Fortnight
87
international trade unionism
99
International Women’s Year
214
interwar period
5
,
18
,
20
,
38
,
52
,
75
,
121
,
202
,
206
,
27
,
224
,
227
,
228
,
244
,
250
,
251
,
253
,
264
,
276
,
358
iom (International Organization for Migration)
319
ipec (International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour)
191
,
313
,
314
Ireland
122
,
355
irene (International Restructuring Educational Network Europe)
191
isa (International Surrogacy Arrangements)
342
,
347
Israel
100
,
355
Italy
21
,
33
,
34
,
36
,
39
,
48
,
139
,
183
,
216
,
276 –299
,
327
itglwf (International Textile, Garment and Leather Workers’ Federation)
180
,
184
its (International Trade Secretariats)
126
,
127
ituc (International Trade Union Confederation)
189 –193
,
220
,
221
,
302
ituc/perc (International Trade Union Confederation/Pan-European Regional Council)
190
iuf (International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers’ Associations)
16
,
127
,
181
,
182
,
184
,
185
,
190 –193
iwy (International Women’s Year)
111
Janjic, Marion
117
,
118
Japan
29
,
33
,
34
,
38
,
42 –44
,
127
,
135
,
136
,
240
,
241
,
244
,
246
,
328
Jenks, C.W.
109
,
110
job descriptions
138 –139
job evaluations
138 –139
Johnston, G.A.
88
,
91
,
94
Johnstone, Elizabeth
97
,
111 –114
,
117
,
118
,
127
,
150
,
151
,
159
,
165
,
166
,
174
Joshi, Narayan Malhar
45
Jouhaux, Léon
210
Kahn, Elinor
107
Kamada, Ekishi
43
Kampala College
156
,
157
,
161
,
171
,
172
Kara, Maniben
127
,
128
Kent, Victoria
63
Kenya
169
,
178
,
360
Kenyon, Dorothy
97
,
100
,
105 –107
Kjelsberg, Betzy
34
,
36
,
47
,
79
Korea
328
Korchounova, Ekaterina
118
Kvindelige Telegraffunktionarers Landsforening (Women’s Telegraphers’ National Association)
34
Krahelska, Halina
64
,
65
Kuriyan, K.
248
Kyrgyzstan
190
too genericlabour bureaus
101
Labour Commission
32
,
208 –211
,
285
labour feminists
13 –15
,
17
,
30
,
36
,
37
,
41
,
49
,
99
,
102
,
105
,
122
,
128
labour law
19
,
36
,
54
,
65
,
93
,
178
,
181
,
182
,
227 –244
,
246
,
247
,
249 –259
,
264
,
265
,
268
,
275
Labour Party (uk)
31
,
35
,
71
,
106
labour relations
3
,
18
,
227 –229
,
238
,
242
,
249
,
251 –254
labour standards
27
,
28
,
32
,
33
,
41
,
43 –45
,
54
,
75
,
76
,
91
,
105
,
147
,
177
,
202
,
208
,
227 –254
,
256
,
258
,
259
,
264
,
267
,
268
,
271
,
275
,
323
,
326
,
363
labour unrest
265
labour women
27 –33
,
37
,
39
,
41
,
44 –48
,
148
,
152
,
159
,
171
,
173
,
174
,
177
Lafeuille, Marguerite
58
Lama, Luciano
291
Landova-Stychova, Louisa
35
,
46
Lapierre de Coni, Gabrielle
261
Latin America
48
,
93
,
102
,
106
,
149
,
188
,
189
,
206
,
215
,
220
,
157
,
264
,
272
,
321
,
332
,
336
League of Nations (LoN)
58
,
75
,
98
,
100
,
101
,
105
,
209
,
232
,
242
,
256
,
258
,
321
Legal equality feminists
98
,
99
,
101
,
110
,
126
,
231
,
248
,
253
Leggett, Frederick W
68
Letellier, Gabrielle
40
,
57
,
58
Liberia
243
life (Lega Italo-FilippiniEmigrati)
327
Lim, Lin Lean
364
lsi (Labour and Socialist International)
47
,
77
,
85
Lutz, Bertha
58
,
68
Luxton, Meg
353
Määttä, Paula
123
Macarthur, Mary
31
,
33
,
40
,
41
MacDonald, Ramsey
35
MacMillan, Chrystal
61
,
67
Madras Maternity Benefit Act
246
Magnus, Erna
75
,
76
,
92 –96
Mahaim, Ernest
58
Maier, Heribert
149
,
151
,
174
Majerova, Marie Stivinova
35
,
39
Malagasy Republic
155
Malaterre-Sellier, Germaine
59
Malaysia
364
Marbeau, Michel
207
Marpons, Josefina
274
married women
56
,
69
,
116
,
149
,
152
,
154
,
171
,
235
,
269
,
306
Martens, Margaret Hosmer
325
,
326
Marxist feminists
9
maternity benefits
35
,
37
,
40
,
41
,
114
,
170
,
171
maternity insurance
36
,
245
,
259
,
271
,
272
maternity leave
8
,
40
,
69
,
262
,
267
,
271
,
295
,
355
maternity policies
28
,
37
,
41
maternity protection/safeguards
6
,
79
,
151
,
165
,
170
,
174
,
232
,
255
,
258
,
259
, 266–7,
269
,
271
,
300
,
319
Maternity Protection Conventions
14
,
18
,
19
,
28
,
39
,
41
,
48
,
103
,
166
,
170
,
227
,
229
,
244
,
245
,
271
,
288
,
289
,
309
,
313
,
320
,
328
,
357
Matthew, Burnita Shelton
61
Maurette, Fernand
63
,
65
Maycock, Edith
127
mdgs (Millennium Development Goals)
308
Mehta, Hansa
108
mbos (membership-based organizations)
6
,
178
,
181
,
188
,
195
Mexico
16
,
107
,
111
,
117
,
217
,
302
,
325
,
346
,
355
Middle East
9
,
29
,
33
,
326
migrant women caregivers
318 –339
Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention (No. 143)
320
,
322
migration
22
,
50
,
88
, 226–9
,
319
,
321
,
324 –339
Migration for Employment Convention (No. 66)
320
,
321
migrants
22
,
188
,
321 –29
,
331
,
334 –338
Miller, Frieda
34
,
74
,
110
miners
246
minimum age
45
,
46
,
271
,
337
Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (No. 5)
28
,
44 –46
Minimum Age (Non-Industrial Employment) Convention (No. 33)
18
minimum wage
30
,
122
,
129
,
131
,
134
,
143
,
146
,
149
,
180
,
263
,
264
,
273
Mitter, Swasti
325
Moldova, Republic of
336
Moreau (de Justo), Alicia
34
,
272
Morgenstern, Felice
117
Moreno-Fontes Chammartin, Gloria
323
Morse, David
100
,
155
motherhood
255 –275
,
282
,
285
,
293
,
341
,
344
,
360
Mozambique
216
Multinational companies, enterprises, corporations
Mundt, Martha
14
,
51
,
54
,
55
,
58
,
59
,
65
,
72
,
83
,
90
,
94
,
94
,
213
MutōSanj
42 –44
Muturi, Elizabeth
171
Muzilli, Carolina
263
Mvubelo, Lucy
127
,
128
,
150
,
162
Namibia
325
Namuddu, Judith
161
nasvi (National Alliance of Street Vendors of India)
181
national liberation movements
98
National Socialists, national socialism
14
“native” labour
nawl (National Association of Women Lawyers)
61
Nazism
15
,
85
ncsw (National Conference of Social Work)
88
Nelson-Cole, Norma
165
Nepal
346
,
351
Nestor, Agnes
34
Netherlands
22
,
106
,
13
,
325
New Left
9
Newman, Pauline
34
New Deal
49
,
102
New International Economic Order
218
New Zealand
106
,
263
,
355
nfww (National Federation of Working Women)
31
ngos (non-governmental organizations)
5
,
10
,
16
,
109
,
115
,
117
,
133
,
179
,
183
,
186 –188
,
190
,
191
,
307
,
335
Nicaragua
333
Nigeria
154
,
189
night work
28
,
30
,
35
,
39
,
43
,
44
,
79
,
81 –83
,
114
,
143
,
241
,
243
,
244
,
248
,
249
,
260 –262
,
267
,
300
,
335
Night Work (Women) Convention (No. 4)
28
,
43
,
48
,
79
,
83
,
227
,
229
,
230
,
238
,
244
,
245
,
248
,
288
,
320
,
357
night work laws
30
night work restrictions
6
Nikolaeva, Tatiana
115
Nkrumah, Kwame
303
nlc (Nigeria Labour Congress)
189
,
304
Noce, Teresa
278
,
281
,
283 –286
,
293
,
296
non-discrimination
7 –9
,
99
,
115
,
118
,
145
,
169
non-white women
239
,
252
Norway
33 –36
,
207
,
355
nursing
8
,
35
Nursing Personnel Convention (No. 149)
20
nwp (National Women’s Party)
59
,
61
,
102
,
105
occupational health and safety standards
116
Oceania
132
odi (Open Door International)
50
,
54
,
55
,
98
,
230
,
358
Oersted, Hans Christian
64
Old-Age Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention (No. 35)
20
Oldenbroek, Jacobus
129
Olsen, Elisabeth
127
Open Door Council
248
,
249
orit-icftu (Inter-American Regional Organization of Workers- International Confederation of Free Trade Unions)
188
,
189
Ostermeier, Elisabeth
127
outsourcing
305
,
340
Paiva Meira, Olga de
61
Palacios, Alfredo
258
,
259
,
261
,
267
,
271 –273
Palestinian rights
100
Panama
346
Panel of Consultants on the Problems of Women Workers (ilo)
26
,
138
,
153
,
157
,
159
,
161
,
162
,
168
,
169
,
173
Pape, Karin
191
part-time work
103
,
287
Pascoe, John
354
patriarchy
98
Patriotic League (Liga Patriótica) (Argentina)
265
,
266
Pattett, Herman
129
Paul, Alice
59
,
63
Peace Conference, Paris (1919)
17
,
30
,
210
pay inequality
279 –282
,
289
,
291
,
295
,
297
pci (Partito Comunista Italiano)
280 –282
,
284
,
294
Pearce, Joan
69
Pels, Alice
70
Perkins, Frances
48
Persia
43
Pesce, Nori
297
Peterson, Esther
49
,
165
,
166
Philippines
112
,
321
,
355
,
364
Phillips, Lena Madesin
67
Pikčilingis, P.
69
Plaminková, Františka
61
Poland
312
,
33
,
36
,
57
,
65
,
107
,
108
,
112
Polish women
62 –67
Pollack, Hansi
67
Popova, Elizavieta Aleskseevna
105
,
107
Portugal
122
pregnancy
115
,
245
,
343
privatization
305
Programme on Rural Women (ilo)
9
,
10
,
118
,
200
prostitution
118
,
201
protectionists/protectionism
58
,
59
,
115
Pryce, Shirley
194
psi (Partito Socialista Italiano)
280
,
282
Puech, Marie-Louise
56
,
57
,
59
,
66
Quataert, Jean H.
158
race
2
,
7
,
13
,
16
,
17
,
22
,
23
,
49
,
116
,
119
,
135
,
168
,
227
,
230
,
240
Raharison, Dorothée
155
Ratsararaibe, Angelina
127
Recruiting of Indigenous Workers Convention (No. 50)
regulating work
16 –22
Remuneration
3
,
9
,
15
,
19
,
21
,
32
,
109 –112
,
118
,
121 –148
,
174
,
189
,
267
,
276
,
277
,
279
,
281 –284
,
286
,
293
,
295
,
297 –299
,
310
,
323
,
335
,
358
representation
202 –224
retirement
69
,
113
,
174
Rich, Adrienne
28
Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention (No. 11) .
306 –307
309
Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention (No. 98)
309
Robins, Margaret Dreier
33
,
35
,
44
,
46
Rodano, Maisa
278
,
291
,
293
,
294
,
298
Rodgers, Edith
58
Roosevelt, Eleanor
34
,
102
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
34
,
48
Rowe, Elizabeth
104
,
105
rural women
4
,
10
,
21
,
118
,
162
,
300 –317
rural workers
306 –310
Rural Workers’ Organisations Convention (No. 141)
309
,
310
,
313
Russia
29
,
33
,
106
,
266
,
321
,
325
Russian Federation; Soviet Union; ussr
Russian Federation
345
Ryder, Guy
337
Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention (No. 184)
309
Salomon, Alice
14
,
75
,
76
,
86 –92
,
94 –96
Sand, René
91
Sinte-Croix, Ghénia Avril de
55
,
58
,
65
sap (Structural Adjustment Programme)
302
,
305
,
308
Sasso-Muzzufferi, Lucia
216
,
217
Saudi Arabia
326
Scelba, Teresita Sandeschi
292
Schevenels, Walter
66
,
67
Schneiderman, Rose
31
,
35
,
48
Sebstad, Jennefer
183
Secco, Maddalena
280
Second World War
4 –7
,
9
,
102
,
116
,
121
,
122
,
126
,
137
,
213
,
250
,
276
,
278 –282
,
284
,
285
,
298 –300
self-employed individuals
184
Sender, Toni
128
,
133
Senegal
188
,
189
Serbia
33
Serrarens, Jos
58
Setau, Ogata
42
sewa (Self-Employed Women’s Association)
178 –185
,
187 –190
,
197 –200
,
302
,
307
sewu (Self-Employed Women’s Union)
188
sexual politics
28
Sex work, sex workers
341
,
364
Shin-Tak-Hing
58
Siam
43
Sierra Leone
169
Simhonit, Yehudit
127
,
128
Smirnova, Raïssa
99
,
118
Smith, Constance
39
,
210
Snyder, Margaret
159
Social justice
2
,
5
,
13
,
23
,
27
,
29
,
75
,
88
,
96
,
110
,
175
,
220
,
359
,
363
social labour
39
Social Policy (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention (No. 82)
154
,
250
Social Protection Floor
12
social security
8
,
78
,
82
,
90 –93
,
101
,
166
,
181
,
258
,
268
,
288
social work
14
,
34
,
75
,
86 –92
,
94
socialist feminists
259
,
272
Socialist International (second)
29
,
32
Sodan, Käthe
127
Sohlie, Karin
127
Solak, Franciszek
54
Somavia, Juan
10 –11
,
185
,
195
,
325
Southern Rhodesia
171
Soviet Union
104
,
107
,
118
,
127
Russia; Russian Federation; ussr
Spain
33
,
63
,
122
,
183
,
237
,
284
,
325
,
333
,
335
spd (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands)
77
‘special’ labour standards
227
,
229
,
251
Springer, Maida
167
,
168
Sri Lanka
326
Standing, Guy
325
Street, Jessie
104
,
126
StreetNet International
181
,
187 –190
Stuart-Bunning, G.H.
45
sub-contracting
178
,
305
Sueur, Winifred le
55
Sutherland, Mary
106
,
108
Swartz, Maud O’Farrell
34
Sweden
31
,
33
,
35
,
36
,
40
,
115
,
122
,
135
,
355
Switzerland
33
,
71
,
73
,
91
,
127
,
139
,
355
Tadesse, Mary
159
Tegelaar, Nel
150
Tanaka, Taka
34
,
42 –44
Tanganyika
49
,
151
Tenison Woods, Mary
109
,
111
,
133
textile industry
43
,
52
,
139
,
266
Thailand
189
,
243
,
328
,
330
,
333
,
346
,
354
,
364
Thibert, Marguerite
14
,
50
,
51
,
55 –57
,
59
,
61
,
61 –74
,
84
,
85
,
89 –92
,
93 –95
,
239
,
245
third world
9
,
101
,
129
,
160
,
172
,
173
,
349
Thomas, Albert
53 –55
,
58 –60
,
65
,
68
,
88 –90
,
94
,
212
,
241 –244
,
257
,
258
,
265
,
268
tla (Textile Labour Association, India)
180
Togliatti, Palmiro
281
Togo
164
trade union education
162
,
170
,
171
trade union women
27 –29
,
33
,
37
,
46
,
49
,
77
,
102
,
138
,
164
,
205
trade unions/unionism
45
,
52
,
60
,
63
,
64
,
67
,
77
,
104
,
109
,
111
,
121 –148
,
153
,
169
,
174
,
177 –180
,
182 –184
,
186 –190
,
192 –196
,
202
,
207
,
210
,
219
,
220
,
222
,
224
,
268
,
273
,
275
,
277 –279
,
282
,
289
,
290
,
292
,
294 –298
,
300 –317
transnational networks
95
,
176
,
179
,
181
,
195
,
257
Treaty of Rome
122
,
131
,
140
,
141
,
277
Treaty of Versailles
5
,
27
,
32
,
75
,
79
,
121
,
204
,
209
Trinidad and Tobago
325
,
328
,
329
,
333
Tripartism, tripartite
5
,
16
,
52
,
57
,
62
,
72
,
98
,
100
,
128
,
153
,
188
,
193
,
209
,
224
,
271
,
301
,
306
,
319
Troisgros, Simone
169
tuc (Trades Union Congress)
31
,
189
,
190
,
300 –317
Turkey
328
,
331
,
334
udi (Unione Donne Italiane)
28
,
276
,
278 –282
,
290
,
291
,
293
,
294
,
298
,
299
Uganda
156
,
172
Uhei, Masumoto
42
Ukraine
106
,
345
U May Oung
58
Underground Work (Women) Convention (No. 45)
229
,
230
,
238
,
239
,
246
,
288
undp (United Nations Development Programme)
307
,
319
,
331
,
333
,
336
,
338
,
339
unemployment
7
,
10
,
65
,
68
,
88
,
159
,
162
,
163
,
259
,
263
,
269 –271
,
274
,
329
,
336
Unemployment Provision Convention (No. 44)
20
unga (United Nations General Assembly)
213
,
214
uk (United Kingdom)
106
,
347
,
350
,
355
Britain; Great Britain
unicef (United Nations Children’s Fund)
319
,
335
,
336
,
339
unifem (United Nations Development Fund for Women)
10
,
182
,
319
National Feminist Union (Union Feminista Nacional, Argentina)
34
National Women’s Union (Unione Femminile Nazionale, Italy)
34
,
290
United Nations (un)
97
,
191
,
111
,
122
,
177
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
112 –114
,
130
,
355
universal labour standards
268
Unorganized Workers Social Security Act (India)
181
Unsain, Alejandro
255
,
258
,
259
,
264
,
265
,
271
,
273
Uriburu, José Felix
269
us (United States)
31 –34
,
36
,
42
,
48
,
51
,
58
,
70
,
71
,
73
,
95
,
97
,
98
,
115
,
127
,
145
,
164
,
184
,
206
,
216
,
253
,
280
,
325
,
333
,
346
,
347
,
350
ussr (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
5
,
6
,
8
,
99
,
100
,
105
,
106
,
108
,
112 –115
,
117
,
118
,
284
Russia; Russian Federation; Soviet Union
Vandervelde, Emile
210
vocational training
8
,
10
,
103
,
136
,
147
,
151
,
153
,
160
,
162
,
165 –170
Vocational Training Recommendation (No. 117)
168
,
169
Vosko, Leah
202
wad (Women and Development)
152
,
158
wage discrimination
130
,
131
,
135
,
138 –141
,
143
,
145 –148
,
295
wage gaps
121
,
144
,
146
wage statistics
124
,
125
,
135 –137
Walker, Jane Harriett
58
Washington, dc
5
,
17
,
32
,
42
,
202
,
209
,
255 –258
,
265
Washington Conventions
27
,
28
,
37
,
46
,
243
Waśniewska, Eugenia
53
,
58
,
64
,
82
,
84
wcl (World Confederation of Labour)
189
Weber, Maria
127
,
150
,
161
Wellington, Beatrice
71
wep (World Employment Programme)
9
,
10
,
307
,
324
West Africa
160
Weinert, Patricia
324
,
326
West Cameroon
163
Westergaard, Anna
64
,
68
widf (Women’s International Democratic Federation)
8
,
99
,
194
,
111
,
113
,
118
,
294
wftu (World Federation of Trade Unions)
106 –108
,
122
,
152
,
153
,
156
,
177
wid (Women in Development)
152
wiego (Women in Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing)
19
,
176
,
181
,
183
,
185 –189
,
191
,
193
,
197 –201
Wikander, Ulla
41
wilpf (Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom)
54
,
60
,
71
Wilson, Woodrow
31
Winslow, Anne
2
Winslow, Thatcher
109
women-only protections
7
,
104
,
117
,
213
,
230
women-specific protection
20
,
238
,
249
,
250
women workers
5
,
11
,
12
,
20
,
21
,
51
,
54
,
56
,
62
,
74
,
83
,
85
,
101
,
104
,
107
,
108
,
113
,
114
,
128
,
130
,
136
,
139
,
142
,
144
,
145
,
149
,
152
,
154
,
157
,
162 –170
,
173
,
174
,
176 –201
,
208
,
212
,
219
,
223
,
227
,
239
,
241
,
245
,
246
,
259 –263
,
266
,
269
,
272
,
276
,
281 –283
,
285
,
286
,
289
,
293
,
295
,
296
,
298
,
299
,
301
,
306
,
307
,
309 –315
,
322
,
356 –359
Women Workers’ Congress
78
Women’s Bureau
31
,
35
,
48
,
58
,
63
,
79
,
110
,
165
,
289
Women’s Congress
35
,
37 –39
,
41
,
44
,
46
,
49
Women’s Defence Groups
279
,
280
women’s rights
34
,
77
,
92
,
99
,
101
,
111 –120
,
203
,
205
,
216
,
276
,
314
,
317
,
345
,
359
women’s work
11
,
14
,
21
,
22
,
50 –74
,
82
,
84
,
85
,
95 –97
,
125
,
126
,
140
,
149 –201
,
228
,
251
,
252
,
258
,
261
,
263
,
270
,
275
,
283
,
286 –288
,
290
,
291
,
295 –298
,
308
,
322
,
338
,
356
Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention (No. 121)
10
,
156
Workers with Family Responsibilities Recommendation (No. 165)
327
working-class women
42
,
99
working mothers
27
,
114
,
162
,
260
,
261
,
266
,
267
,
282
,
335
Working Women with Family Responsibilities Recommendation (No. 123)
166
World Bank
8
,
11
,
308
World War i
75
,
76
,
232
,
258
,
259
,
275
First World War
World War ii
48
,
100
,
227
,
251
,
254
Second World War
World Woman’s Party
98
,
105
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (No. 182)
313
wtul (Women’s Trade Union League)
31
,
33
,
63
Wunderlich, Frieda
70
wwctu (World Women’s Christian Temperance Union)
60
wywca (World Young Women’s Christian Association)
6
,
8
,
60
,
69
,
73
Yonemeri, Isoko
127
Yūaiki (Friendly Society)
42
ywca (Young Women’s Christian Association)
58
,
244
Zetkin, Clara
77
Zionism
98